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Di Marco F, Hipgrave Ederveen AL, van Schaick G, Moran AB, Domínguez-Vega E, Nicolardi S, Blöchl C, Koeleman CA, Danuser R, Al Kaabi A, Dotz V, Grijpstra J, Beurret M, Anish C, Wuhrer M. Comprehensive characterization of bacterial glycoconjugate vaccines by liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 341:122327. [PMID: 38876725 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens can cause a broad range of infections with detrimental effects on health. Vaccine development is essential as multi-drug resistance in bacterial infections is a rising concern. Recombinantly produced proteins carrying O-antigen glycosylation are promising glycoconjugate vaccine candidates to prevent bacterial infections. However, methods for their comprehensive structural characterization are lacking. Here, we present a bottom-up approach for their site-specific characterization, detecting N-glycopeptides by nano reversed-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (RP-LC-MS). Glycopeptide analyses revealed information on partial site-occupancy and site-specific glycosylation heterogeneity and helped corroborate the polysaccharide structures and their modifications. Bottom-up analysis was complemented by intact glycoprotein analysis using nano RP-LC-MS allowing the fast visualization of the polysaccharide distribution in the intact glycoconjugate. At the glycopeptide level, the model glycoconjugates analyzed showed different repeat unit (RU) distributions that spanned from 1 to 21 RUs attached to each of the different glycosylation sites. Interestingly, the intact glycoprotein analysis displayed a RU distribution ranging from 1 to 28 RUs, showing the predominant species when the different glycopeptide distributions are combined in the intact glycoconjugate. The complete workflow based on LC-MS measurements allows detailed and comprehensive analysis of the glycosylation state of glycoconjugate vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiammetta Di Marco
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Agnes L Hipgrave Ederveen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Guusje van Schaick
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Alan B Moran
- Bacterial Vaccines Discovery and Early Development, Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, 2333 CN Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Elena Domínguez-Vega
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Simone Nicolardi
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Constantin Blöchl
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Carolien A Koeleman
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Renzo Danuser
- Janssen Vaccines AG (Branch of Cilag GmbH International), Rehhagstrasse 79, CH-3018 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Al Kaabi
- Janssen Vaccines AG (Branch of Cilag GmbH International), Rehhagstrasse 79, CH-3018 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Viktoria Dotz
- Bacterial Vaccines Discovery and Early Development, Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, 2333 CN Leiden, the Netherlands; BioTherapeutics Analytical Development, Janssen Biologics B.V., Einsteinweg 101, 2333 CB Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Grijpstra
- Bacterial Vaccines Discovery and Early Development, Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, 2333 CN Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Michel Beurret
- Bacterial Vaccines Discovery and Early Development, Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, 2333 CN Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Chakkumkal Anish
- Bacterial Vaccines Discovery and Early Development, Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, 2333 CN Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands.
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152
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Margarita V, Pau MC, Carboni G, Mannu F, Turrini F, Rappelli P, Pantaleo A, Dessì D, Zinellu E, Piras B, Fois AG, Rubino S, Pirina P, Fiori PL. Comparison of microbiological and molecular diagnosis for identification of respiratory secondary infections in COVID-19 patients and their antimicrobial resistance patterns. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116479. [PMID: 39116653 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
We report the use of a new multiplex Real-Time PCR platform to simultaneously identify 24 pathogens and 3 antimicrobial-resistance genes directly from respiratory samples of COVID-19 patients. Results were compared to culture-based diagnosis. Secondary infections were detected in 60% of COVID-19 patients by molecular analysis and 73% by microbiological assays, with no significant differences in accuracy, indicating Gram-negative bacteria as the predominant species. Among fungal superinfections, Aspergillus spp. were detected by both methods in more than 7% of COVID-19 patients. Oxacillin-resistant S. aureus and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae were highlighted by both methods. Secondary microbial infections in SARS-CoV-2 patients are associated with poor outcomes and an increased risk of death. Since PCR-based tests significantly reduce the turnaround time to 4 hours and 30 minutes (compared to 48 hours for microbial culture), we strongly support the routine use of molecular techniques, in conjunction with microbiological analysis, to identify co/secondary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Margarita
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Carmina Pau
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Gavino Carboni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Rappelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero Università (AOU), Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonella Pantaleo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Daniele Dessì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Piras
- Azienda Ospedaliero Università (AOU), Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandro G Fois
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero Università (AOU), Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Rubino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero Università (AOU), Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Pietro Pirina
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero Università (AOU), Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Fiori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero Università (AOU), Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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153
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Zbinden A, Seth-Smith HMB, Beltrami V, Mancini S, Droz S, Bürgi U, Melillo D, Schuurmans MM, Schwizer B, Schmid I, Casaulta C, Barben J, Mueller NJ, Imkamp F. Burkholderia cenocepacia ST-250 in cystic fibrosis patients in Switzerland: Genomic investigation of transmission routes. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116429. [PMID: 39116652 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
This report describes the characterization of Burkholderia cenocepacia isolates belonging to sequence type (ST)-250, detected in eight patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in Switzerland. We retrospectively analyzed 18 isolates of B. cenocepacia ST-250 isolated between 2003 and 2015 by whole-genome sequencing and evaluated clinical and epidemiological data. Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the B.°cenocepacia ST-250 lineage showed that the isolates from all patients cluster tightly, suggesting that this cluster has a recent common ancestor. Epidemiological investigations showed that six out of eight patients acquired B.°cenocepacia ST-250 in the years 2001-2006, where participation in CF summer camps was common. Two patients were siblings. Genomic relatedness of the B. cenocepacia ST-250 isolates supported transmission by close contact, however, a common source or nosocomial routes cannot be excluded. With respect to the fatal outcome in six patients, our study shows the importance of infection control measurements in CF patients with B.°cenocepacia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Zbinden
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | - Vanessa Beltrami
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Mancini
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Droz
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urs Bürgi
- Division of internal Medicine, Service Pulmonology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - David Melillo
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mace M Schuurmans
- Division of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Iris Schmid
- CF-Center, Quartier Bleu, Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Jürg Barben
- Paediatric Pulmonology & CF Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas J Mueller
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Imkamp
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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154
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Yang S, Ji Y, Xue P, Li Z, Chen X, Shi J, Jiang C. Insights into the antifungal mechanism of Bacillus subtilis cyclic lipopeptide iturin A mediated by potassium ion channel. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134306. [PMID: 39094860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Fungal infections pose severe and potentially lethal threats to plant, animal, and human health. Ergosterol has served as the primary target for developing antifungal medications. However, many antifungal drugs remain highly toxic to humans due to similarity in cell membrane composition between fungal and animal cells. Iturin A, lipopeptide produced by Bacillus subtilis, efficiently inhibit various fungi, but demonstrated safety in oral administration, indicating the existence of targets different from ergosterol. To pinpoint the exact antifungal target of iturin A, we used homologous recombination to knock out and overexpress erg3, a key gene in ergosterol synthesis. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus carbonarius were transformed using the LiAc/SS-DNNPEG and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (AMT), respectively. Surprisingly, increasing ergosterol content did not augment antifungal activity. Furthermore, iturin A's antifungal activity against S. cerevisiae was reduced while it pre-incubation with voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel inhibitor, indicating that Kv activation was responsible for cell death. Iturin A was found to activate the Kv protein, stimulating K+ efflux from cell. In vitro tests confirmed interaction between iturin A and Kv protein. This study highlights Kv as one of the precise targets of iturin A in its antifungal activity, offering a novel target for the development of antifungal medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saixue Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Yulan Ji
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Pengyuan Xue
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Zhenzhu Li
- Center for Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Xianqing Chen
- Jiaxing Synbiolab Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 314006, China
| | - Junling Shi
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China.
| | - Chunmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China.
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155
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Almangour TA, Ghonem L, Alassiri D, Aljurbua A, Al Musawa M, Alharbi A, Almuhisen S, Alghaith J, Damfu N, Aljefri D, Alfahad W, Alrasheed M, Khormi Y, Almohaizeie A. Novel β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitors as monotherapy versus combination for the treatment of drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: A multicenter cohort study. J Infect Chemother 2024; 30:1008-1014. [PMID: 38537776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data comparing the clinical outcomes of novel β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitors given in combination versus monotherapy for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa infections are lacking. METHOD This retrospective cohort study included patients who received novel β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitors as monotherapy or in combination for the treatment of MDR P. aeruginosa infections. The study was conducted between 2017 and 2022 in 6 tertiary care hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Overall in-hospital mortality, 30-day mortality, clinical cure, and acute kidney injury (AKI) were compared between recipients of monotherapy versus combination using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULT 118 patients and 82 patients were included in monotherapy and combination therapy arms, respectively. The cohort represented an ill population with 56% in the intensive care unit and 37% in septic shock. A total of 19% of patients presented with bacteremia. Compared to monotherapy, combination therapy did not significantly differ in clinical cure (57% vs. 68%; P = 0.313; OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.36-1.14) in-hospital mortality (45% vs. 37%; P = 0.267; OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.78-2.45), or 30-day mortality (27% vs. 24%; P = 0.619; OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.62-1.25). However, AKI (32% vs. 12%; P = 0.0006; OR, 3.45; 95% CI, 1.67-7.13) was significantly more common in patients who received combination therapy. CONCLUSION Novel β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitors when used in combination with other antibiotics did not add clinical benefit compared to their use as monotherapy in the treatment of MDR P. aeruginosa infections. A Combination regimen was associated with an increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamer A Almangour
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457 Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Leen Ghonem
- Clinical Pharmacy Services, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dareen Alassiri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457 Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud Aljurbua
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457 Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al Musawa
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Anti-Infective Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Aminah Alharbi
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Almuhisen
- Pharmacy Services Administration, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jeelan Alghaith
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nader Damfu
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Infection Prevention and Control Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Aljefri
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa Alfahad
- Pharmacy Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan Alrasheed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457 Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yaqoub Khormi
- Pharmacy Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Almohaizeie
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Pharmacy, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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156
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Ahmed ZM, Alsahlawi H, Husain R. Septic arthritis of the wrist: A case of Parona space abscess in a rheumatoid arthritis patient with Charcot wrist. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:4248-4254. [PMID: 39135673 PMCID: PMC11318563 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Closed-space hand infections are considered an emergency requiring prompt management to avoid debilitating consequences and potential morbidity. Septic arthritis of the wrist is particularly uncommon in comparison to the large joints that are usually affected. We report a case of a 64-year-old female with known rheumatoid arthritis and neuropathic wrist, with superimposed septic arthritis of the wrist, complicated by abscess formation. Ultrasound and Magnetic resonance imaging revealed spread of infection to the midpalmar region and the space of Parona. Although collections in this space are extremely rare, if left untreated, they may lead to permanent disability. Incision and drainage of the abscess along with synovectomy of the affected wrist joint was performed. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the causative organism, despite the fact that Non-gonococcal and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are the main causative agents of septic arthritis in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huda Alsahlawi
- Diagnostic Radiology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Rd No 2904, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Rola Husain
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Rd No 2904, Manama, Bahrain
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157
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Zhu XD, Peng YJ, Chen Y, Xue M, Zhang AJ, Peng Y, Mei R, Tian MR, Zhang L. Association of maternal infection of SARS-CoV-2 and neonatal susceptibility: A retrospective cohort study. Vaccine X 2024; 20:100536. [PMID: 39176179 PMCID: PMC11338988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to assess the risk of neonatal susceptibility to COVID-19 among pregnant women. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 1089 pregnant women ≥28 weeks of gestational age, who were categorized into infected and uninfected groups. Data for all participants were collected through a comprehensive review of electronic medical records and follow-up phone calls. The primary outcome was neonatal infection with SARS-CoV-2, while secondary outcomes included delivery patterns and gestational age at delivery. Results Maternal vaccination (OR 95%CI:0.63[0.46, 0.85]) and maternal infection with SARS-CoV-2 (OR 95%CI: 0.45[0.34, 0.60]) were found to be associated with a decreased risk of neonatal infection. The infected group exhibited a lower neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection rate (25.93%) compared to the uninfected group (45.15%). Logistic regression analysis identified several risk factors associated with an increased risk of neonatal infection, including pregnancy BMI (OR 95%CI: 1.04[1.01, 1.08]), age at first pregnancy (OR 95%CI: 1.05[1.01, 1.10]), age at menarche (OR 95%CI: 1.13[1.02, 1.26]), and parturition (Yes vs. No) (OR 95%CI:1.4 [1.04,1.88]). Conclusion Maternal vaccination and perinatal infection with SARS-CoV-2 play a protective role in preventing neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan Zhu
- Obstetrics Department, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Yan-Jie Peng
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250001, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention and Genetic Medicine of Shandong Health Commission, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Obstetrics Department, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Mei Xue
- Obstetrics Department, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Ai-Juan Zhang
- Obstetrics Department, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Obstetrics Department, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Rong Mei
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Mei-Rong Tian
- Obstetrics Department, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250001, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention and Genetic Medicine of Shandong Health Commission, Jinan 250001, China
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158
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Hanberg P, Rasmussen HC, Bue M, Stilling M, Jørgensen AR, Petersen EK, Lilleøre JG, Hvistendahl MA, Bille J, Klug TE. Penicillin concentrations in oropharyngeal and frontal sinus tissue following enteral and intravenous administration measured by microdialysis in a porcine model. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 201:106859. [PMID: 39038689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penicillin may be administered enterally or intravenously for the treatment of bacterial infections within the oropharynx and the frontal sinuses. We aimed to assess and compare penicillin concentrations in oropharyngeal and frontal sinus tissues following enteral and intravenous administration in a porcine model. METHOD Twelve pigs were randomized to receive either enteral (0.8 g Penicillin V) or intravenous (1.2 g Penicillin G) penicillin. Microdialysis was used for sampling in oropharyngeal and frontal sinus tissues during a six-hour dosing interval. In addition, plasma samples were collected. The primary endpoints were time with drug concentration above the minimal inhibitory concentration (T>MIC) for two MIC targets: 0.125 (low target) and 0.5 (high target) μg/mL (covering Group A Streptococci, Fusobactarium necrophorum, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenza) and attainment of these treatment targets for ≥50 % T>MIC. RESULTS For both the low and high MIC targets, intravenous administration resulted in higher T>MIC in oropharyngeal and frontal sinus tissues compared to enteral administration. In oropharyngeal tissue, the treatment target (≥50 % T>MIC) was achieved for both the low target (96 %) and high target (68 %) when penicillin was administrated intravenously. In frontal sinus tissue, the treatment target was reached for the low target (70 %), but not the high target (35 %) when administered intravenously. None of the two tissues reached the treatment targets when penicillin was administered enterally. CONCLUSION Intravenous administrated penicillin in standard dosage is superior to enteral administration of penicillin in standard dosage in achieving clinically important T>MIC as the majority of targets were achieved following intravenously administration, while none of the targets were achieved following enteral administration. These results support the general notion of higher tissue concentrations following intravenous compared to enteral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelle Hanberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus Universitetshospital, FORUM, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 11, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Denmark Microdialysis Research (ADMIRE), Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | | | - Mats Bue
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus Universitetshospital, FORUM, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 11, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Denmark Microdialysis Research (ADMIRE), Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Maiken Stilling
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus Universitetshospital, FORUM, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 11, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Denmark Microdialysis Research (ADMIRE), Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Andrea René Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus Universitetshospital, FORUM, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 11, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Denmark Microdialysis Research (ADMIRE), Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth Krogsgaard Petersen
- Aarhus Denmark Microdialysis Research (ADMIRE), Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Johanne Gade Lilleøre
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus Universitetshospital, FORUM, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 11, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Denmark Microdialysis Research (ADMIRE), Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Magnus A Hvistendahl
- Aarhus Denmark Microdialysis Research (ADMIRE), Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Jesper Bille
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Tejs Ehlers Klug
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus Universitetshospital, FORUM, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 11, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Gandéga H, Poujol H, Mezzarobba M, Muller L, Boyer JC, Lefrant JY, Leguelinel G, Roger C. Determinants of beta-lactam PK/PD target attainment in critically ill patients: A single center retrospective study. J Crit Care 2024; 83:154828. [PMID: 38759580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2024.154828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to identify factors associated with achieving target BL plasma concentrations and describe real world data for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). METHODS A retrospective single center study was conducted. We collected data from patients admitted to ICU with at least one BL TDM. We assessed the proportion of patients attaining the recommended plasma concentrations (i.e 100%fT > 4 to 8 MIC). Univariate and multivariate analyses was performed to identify the determinants of BL target attainment. RESULTS 156 patients were included. At the first dosing, 34% achieved target BL plasma concentrations, 50% were overdosed, and 16% were underdosed. Median time for 1st TDM were 4 (SD = 2.9) days. Multivariate analysis revealed that CKD-EPI estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR = 1.02; CI [1.01; 1.03]; p < 0.0001) and total body weight (OR = 1.03; CI [1.01; 1.04]; p = 0.0048) were the main determinant of BL target attainment. Conversely, Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (OR = 0.28; CI [0.09; 0.89]; p = 0.0318) and meropenem use (OR = 0.31; CI [0.14; 0.69]; p = 0.0041) were identified as risk factors for overdosing. No factor was associated with underdosing. CONCLUSION Achieving target BL plasma concentrations remains challenging in ICUs. Identifying predictive factors of BL target attainment would favor implementing rapid dosing optimization strategies in both under and overdosing high risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gandéga
- Department of Pharmacy, Nimes University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Nimes, France
| | - H Poujol
- Department of Pharmacy, Nimes University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Nimes, France; UR-UM103 IMAGINE, Univ Montpellier, Division of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pain and Emergency Medicine, Nîmes University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - M Mezzarobba
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Epidemiology, Public Health, and Innovation in Methodology, CHU Nîmes, University of Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - L Muller
- UR-UM103 IMAGINE, Univ Montpellier, Division of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pain and Emergency Medicine, Nîmes University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - J C Boyer
- Department of toxicity and biochemistry, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France
| | - J Y Lefrant
- UR-UM103 IMAGINE, Univ Montpellier, Division of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pain and Emergency Medicine, Nîmes University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - G Leguelinel
- Department of Pharmacy, Nimes University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Nimes, France; Laboratory of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Health Economics, UPRES, EA 2415, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - C Roger
- UR-UM103 IMAGINE, Univ Montpellier, Division of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pain and Emergency Medicine, Nîmes University Hospital, Montpellier, France.
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160
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Villaseñor-Echavarri R, Melchor-Ruan J, Aranda-Audelo M, Arredondo-Saldaña G, Volkow-Fernandez P, Manzano-Robleda MDC, Padilla-Rosciano AE, Vilar-Compte D. Surgical site infection following pancreaticoduodenectomy in a referral cancer center in Mexico. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:502-508. [PMID: 37076378 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreaticoduodenectomy is the standard treatment for resectable periampullary cancer. Surgical site infections (SSI) are common complications with increased morbidity. The study aimed to describe the prevalence, risk factors, microbiology, and outcomes of SSI among patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study in a referral cancer center between January 2015 and June 2021. We analyzed baseline patient characteristics and SSI occurrence. Culture results and susceptibility patterns were described. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine risk factors, proportional hazards model to evaluate mortality, and Kaplan-Meier analysis to assess long-term survival. RESULTS A total of 219 patients were enrolled in the study; 101 (46%) developed SSI. Independent factors for SSI were diabetes mellitus, preoperative albumin level, biliary drainage, biliary prostheses, and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula. The main pathogens were Enterobacteria and Enterococci. Multidrug-resistance rate in SSI was high but not associated with increased mortality. Infected patients had higher odds of sepsis, longer hospital stay and intensive care unit stay, and readmission rate. Neither 30-day mortality nor long-term survival was significantly different between infected and non-infected patients. CONCLUSIONS SSI prevalence among patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy was high and largely caused by resistant microorganisms. Most risk factors were related to preoperative instrumentation of the biliary tree. SSI was associated with greater risk of unfavorable outcomes; however, survival was unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Villaseñor-Echavarri
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico; School of Medicine, Universidad Panamericana, Augusto Rodin No. 498, Insurgentes Mixcoac, Benito Juárez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier Melchor-Ruan
- Department of Digestive Tube and Hepatopancreatobiliary Tumors, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mercedes Aranda-Audelo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Manuel Gea González, Calz. de Tlalpan 4800, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Arredondo-Saldaña
- Department of Digestive Tube and Hepatopancreatobiliary Tumors, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Volkow-Fernandez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Del Carmen Manzano-Robleda
- Gastrointestinal and Endoscopy Department, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro E Padilla-Rosciano
- Department of Digestive Tube and Hepatopancreatobiliary Tumors, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diana Vilar-Compte
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico.
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161
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Güneş S, Acer Ö, Bahçe YG. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from clinical specimens in Siirt, Türkiye; molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance genes detection. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116414. [PMID: 39032321 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to molecularly identify carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) strains isolated from clinical samples and to determine antibiotic resistance genes. Only carbapenem-resistant strains were included in our study. Of the 35 CRKP strains, 18 (51.4%) were extensive drug, 11 (31.4%) were multi-drug, and 6 (17.1%) were pan-drug resistances. PCR amplification revealed that 25% of the strains carried the OXA-51, 20% the OXA-48, and %5 the OXA23 genes. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis based on seven house-keeping genes revealed sequence type 39. The capsule and O-antigen types were determined as KL103 and O2a, respectively. WGS analysis revealed the existence of β-lactamase, aminoglycoside, sulfonamide, Phenicol, and Fosfomycin-resistant genes. While the K. pneumoniae OmpK37 gene was detected in all 3 strains, the OmpK36 gene was detected only in the CRSU20 strain. This study is important as it is the first study to perform molecular analysis of CRKP strains from Siirt, Türkiye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevgi Güneş
- Siirt University, Medical Faculty, Department of Biophysics, 56100 Siirt, Türkiye
| | - Ömer Acer
- Siirt University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Microbiology, 56100 Siirt, Türkiye.
| | - Yasemin Genç Bahçe
- Siirt Training and Research Hospital, Microbiology Laboratory, 56100 Siirt, Türkiye
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162
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Krishna B, Metaxaki M, Sithole N, Landín P, Martín P, Salinas-Botrán A. Cardiovascular disease and covid-19: A systematic review. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2024; 54:101482. [PMID: 39189008 PMCID: PMC11345335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2024.101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 are numerous and aspects of this phenomenon are not well known. The main objective of this manuscript is a systematic review of the acute and chronic cardiovascular complications secondary to COVID-19. Methods A systematic review of the literature through Medline via PubMed was conducted (2020-2024). Results There is a plethora of effects of COVID-19 on the heart in the acute setting. Here we discuss pathophysiology, myocardial infarctions, heart failure, Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, myocardial injury, myocarditis and arrhythmias that are caused by COVID-19. Additionally, these cardiovascular injuries can linger and may be an underlying cause of some Long COVID symptoms. Conclusions Cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 are numerous and life-threatening. Long COVID can affect cardiovascular health. Microclotting induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection could be a therapeutic target for some aspects of Long Covid.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.A. Krishna
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - M. Metaxaki
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - N. Sithole
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - P. Landín
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Martín
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Salinas-Botrán
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Zhang B, Xu Y, Yan X, Pu T, Wang S, Yang X, Yang H, Zhang G, Zhang W, Chen T, Liu G. The diversity and risk of potential pathogenic bacteria on the surface of glaciers in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:173937. [PMID: 38880135 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Glaciers, which constitute the world's largest global freshwater reservoir, are also natural microbial repositories. The frequent pandemic in recent years underscored the potential biosafety risks associated with the release of microorganisms from the accelerated melting of glaciers due to global warming. However, the characteristics of pathogenic microorganisms in glaciers are not well understood. The glacier surface is the primary area where glacier melting occurs that is often the main subject of research on the dynamics of pathogenic microbial communities in efforts to assess glacier biosafety risks and devise preventive measures. In this study, high-throughput sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction methods were employed in analyses of the composition and quantities of potential pathogenic bacteria on the surfaces of glaciers in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. The study identified 441 potential pathogenic species ranging from 215 to 4.39 × 1011 copies/g, with notable seasonal and environmental variations being found in the composition and quantity of potential pathogens. The highest level of diversity was observed in April and snow, while the highest quantities were observed in October and cryoconite. Host analysis revealed that >70 % of the species were pathogens affecting animals, with the highest proportion of zoonotic pathogens being observed in April. Analysis of aerosols and glacial meltwater dispersion suggested that these microbes originated from West Asia, primarily affecting the central and southern regions of China. Null model analysis indicated that the assembly of potential pathogenic microbial communities on glacier surfaces was largely governed by deterministic processes. In conclusion, potential pathogenic bacteria on glacier surfaces mainly originated from the snow and exhibited significant temporal and spatial variation patterns. These findings can be used to enhance researchers' ability to predict potential biosafety risks associated with pathogenic bacteria in glaciers and to prevent their negative impact on populations and ecological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Yulong Snow Station of Cryosphere and Sustainable Development, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Yeteng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Yulong Snow Station of Cryosphere and Sustainable Development, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Xiao Yan
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Tao Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Yulong Snow Station of Cryosphere and Sustainable Development, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shijin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Yulong Snow Station of Cryosphere and Sustainable Development, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinglou Yang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Hang Yang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Gaosen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Gansu Province 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Gansu Province 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Yulong Snow Station of Cryosphere and Sustainable Development, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Guangxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Gansu Province 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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164
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Gunathilaka S, Bandara S, Senevirathna I, Keragala R, Wickramage S, Illapperuma C, Bandara N. Exploring the feasibility of utilizing universal primers in detecting mucormycosis pathogens: An in-silico analysis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116463. [PMID: 39059149 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to design and evaluate a universal primer for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)- based detection of mucormycosis-causing fungi by targeting their Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequences. In-silico analysis was conducted to assess primer suitability. Using Clustal Omega and Primer-BLAST, ITS sequences of 32 fungi species causing mucormycosis were aligned and subjected to primer design. Generated primers were sorted and in silico PCR simulations were performed to identify primers capable of amplifying all fungal species. Instead of identifying one pair of universal primer, in silico PCR analysis identified a panel of 14 primer pairs designed from full-length ITS sequences, and a panel of 12 primer pairs designed from conserved regions, that could detect 31 species. The study recommends a panel of 12 primers for multiplex-PCR to detect mucormycosis-causing fungi instead of a long list of PCR analyses for each fungus in diagnosing mucormycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobha Gunathilaka
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Sachithra Bandara
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka 50008.
| | - Indika Senevirathna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka 50008
| | | | - Sujanthi Wickramage
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
| | - Charukeshi Illapperuma
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Nihal Bandara
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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165
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Woldegerima E, Aemiro M, Fetene G, Birhanie N. Seropositivity of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasitol Int 2024; 102:102922. [PMID: 38997003 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2024.102922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxoplasmosis is caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, a food- and water-borne zoonotic protozoan parasite that is able to infect almost all warm-blooded vertebrates. It has a major effect on public health, particularly in underdeveloped nations. Immune-competent individuals typically exhibit no symptoms or experience a mild influenza-like sickness, while there is a possibility of severe manifestation and fatal or high-risk for life-threatening diseases in immunocompromised people like pregnant women and HIV/AIDS patients and lead to severe pathological effects on the fetus. METHOD We conducted a systematic search of databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, EMBASE, and Scopus) using the PRISMA criteria. We used specific keywords such as Toxoplasma gondii, Toxoplasmosis, pregnant women, prevalence, HIV/AIDS, and worldwide studies published from 2018 to 2022. We use Stata (version 14) software to estimate the pooled prevalence and heterogeneity of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and HIV-infected people using a random-effects model and the Cochran's Q-test, respectively. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Instrument and Egger's regression asymmetry test were used to assess study quality and publication bias, respectively, while the single study omission analysis was used to test the robustness of a pooled estimate. RESULTS We included and analyzed a total of 12,887 individuals in this review. The pooled prevalence of T. gondii in this review was 40% (95% CI = 0.31-0.50). The sub-group analysis revealed that the evaluation included 11,967 pregnant women. In pregnant women, the pooled sero-prevalence was 40% (95% CI = 0.31-0.50). In pregnant women and HIV/AIDS patients, 920 individuals were evaluated, and the pooled sero-prevalence was 41% (95% CI = 0.20-0.61). CONCLUSION This review identified an overall sero-prevalence of Toxoplasma infection of 40% among pregnant women and HIV/AIDS. The expansion of prevention and control strategies, with a primary focus on enhancing educational initiatives, is necessary to avoid reactivation and stop the spread of infection, so investigative sero-prevalence is important work among pregnant women and HIV patients. In order to achieve a comprehensive explanation of the disease condition and reach this goal, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in Worldwide for future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden Woldegerima
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institutes of Biotechnology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Mulugeta Aemiro
- Department of Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Getnet Fetene
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Nega Birhanie
- Institutes of Biotechnology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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166
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Kabeta T, Tolosa T, Duchateau L, Van Immerseel F, Antonissen G. Prevalence and serotype of poultry salmonellosis in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Avian Pathol 2024; 53:325-349. [PMID: 38639048 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2024.2344549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Salmonellosis represents a significant economic and public health concern for the poultry industry in Africa, leading to substantial economic losses due to mortality, reduced productivity, and food safety problems. However, comprehensive information on the burden of poultry salmonellosis at the continental level is scarce. To address this gap, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to consolidate information on the prevalence and circulating serotypes of poultry salmonellosis in African countries. This involved the selection and review of 130 articles published between 1984 and 2021. A detailed systematic review protocol was structured according to Cochrane STROBE and PRISMA statement guideline. From the 130 selected articles from 23 different African countries, the overall pooled prevalence estimate (PPE) of poultry salmonellosis in Africa was found to be 14.4% (95% CI = 0.145-0.151). Cameroon reported the highest PPE at 71.9%. The PPE was notably high in meat and meat products at 23%. The number of research papers reporting poultry salmonellosis in Africa has shown a threefold increase from 1984 to 2021. Salmonella Enteritidis and Typhimurium were the two most prevalent serotypes reported in 18 African countries. Besides, Salmonella Kentucky, Virchow, Gallinarum, and Pullorum were also widely reported. Western Africa had the highest diversity of reported Salmonella serotypes (141), in contrast to southern Africa, which reported only 27 different serotypes. In conclusion, poultry salmonellosis is highly prevalent across Africa, with a variety of known serotypes circulating throughout the continent. Consequently, it is crucial to implement strategic plans for the prevention and control of Salmonella in Africa.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS The pooled sample prevalence of poultry salmonellosis in Africa is high (14.4%).The highest PPE was recorded in meat and meat products.Salmonella serotypes of zoonotic importance were found in all sample types.Salmonella Enteritidis and Typhimurium are common serotypes spreading in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadele Kabeta
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology, and Zoological Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Tadele Tolosa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Luc Duchateau
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Biometrics Research Group, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Immerseel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology, and Zoological Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Gunther Antonissen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology, and Zoological Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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167
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Cho EH, Shin K, Park MS, Woo HY, Park H, Kwon MJ. Performance evaluation of the Allplex HPV HR Detection assay in comparison with the Cobas HPV test for high-risk HPV genotyping. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116433. [PMID: 39116651 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Molecular testing for high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) genotypes is important in screening for cervical cancer. In this study, we evaluated the performance of a newly developed Allplex HPV HR Detection assay in comparison with the Cobas HPV Test. A total of 1,275 cervical specimens obtained from a healthcare center between August 2021 and May 2022 were analyzed. The overall agreement for hrHPV detection was 98.4%, with higher agreement observed for HPV-16 (99.7%) and HPV-18 (99.8%) compared to other hrHPV genotypes (97.2%). Sequencing revealed that the majority of discrepancies was genotyped accurately by the Allplex HPV HR Detection assay with the exception of one false positive for HPV-16 and two false positives for other hrHPV genotypes. The Allplex HPV HR Detection assay showed almost perfect agreement with the Cobas HPV test, emphasizing its utility in hrHPV screening and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangsu Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seung Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Yeon Woo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosoon Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang W, Dong L, Men P, Jiang G, Wang F, Wang C, Cheng M, Huang H, Yu X. In vitro antimicrobial activity of doxycycline, minocycline, and tigecycline against Mycobacterium abscessus complex: A meta-analysis study. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116435. [PMID: 39032320 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) infections are increasing worldwide. Furthermore, these infections have a low treatment success rate due to their resistance to many current antibiotics. This study aimed to determine the overall in vitro activity of the tetracyclines doxycycline (DOX), minocycline (MIN), and tigecycline (TGC) against MABC clinical isolates. PATIENTS AND METHODS A systematic review of PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase was conducted up to August 28, 2023. Studies applying the drug susceptibility testing standards of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute were considered. A random effects model was used to assess the total in vitro resistance rates of the MABC clinical isolates to DOX, MIN, and TGC. The I2 and Cochran's Q statistics were employed to evaluate the origins of heterogeneity. All analyses were conducted using CMA V.3 software. RESULTS Twenty-six publications (22, 12, and 11 studies on DOX, MIN, and TGC, respectively) were included. The pooled in vitro resistance rates of the MABC clinical isolates to DOX and MIN at the breakpoint of 8 μg/mL were 93.0 % (95 % CI, 89.2 %-95.5 %) and 87.2 % (95 % CI, 76.5 %-93.4 %), respectively. In the case of TGC, the breakpoints of 2, 4, and 8 μg/mL were associated with pooled resistance rates of 2.5 % (95 % CI, 0.5 %-11.6 %), 7.2 % (95 % CI, 4.0 %-12.5 %), and 16.8 % (95 % CI, 4.7 %-45.0 %), respectively. CONCLUSION Among the three examined tetracyclines, MABC exhibited extremely high resistance rates to DOX and MIN, thereby limiting their use in treating MABC infections. Conversely, MABC showed an increased susceptibility rate to TGC, highlighting TGC administration as a viable treatment option for patients with MABC infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihe Zhang
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Lingling Dong
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Peixuan Men
- Institute of Medical Information/Medical Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Guanglu Jiang
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Fen Wang
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Congli Wang
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Mengli Cheng
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Hairong Huang
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Xia Yu
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing 101149, China.
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169
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Hu D, Yao Q. Using blood TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand levels to discriminate between viral and bacterial infections: A prospective observational study. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116443. [PMID: 39032319 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the investigation was to evaluate variations in blood TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) levels between patients with viral and bacterial infections and the diagnostic performance of TRAIL for identifying viral and bacterial infections. METHODS The investigation included 169 adult (>18 years) patients presenting with medical signs of acute infections (inclusion criteria included a body temperature over 37.5 °C, an onset of symptoms no more than 12 days). Reference standard was based on a rigorous expert panel and the majority of the panel determined the infectious etiology. Finally, 104 patients with 78 bacterial and 26 viral reference standard outcomes were enrolled in this investigation (24 were eliminated depending on the exclusion criteria; 41 had indeterminate reference standard diagnosis). ELISA was employed to measure TRAIL levels in the group of 78 subjects with bacterial infections and 26 individuals with viral infections, and the diagnostic performance of TRAIL was identified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS The TRAIL level in individuals with bacterial infections was significantly lower than that in subjects with viral infections (16.59 (2.61-32.6) pg/mL vs. 97.39 (36.18-127.74) pg/mL, P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of TRAIL was 0.86 (95 %CI:0.79 to 0.94) for identifying bacterial and viral infections. Combining TRAIL with C-reactive protein (CRP), the AUC was 0.94 (95 %CI:0.89 to 1.00). CONCLUSIONS TRAIL is diagnostic for discriminating between viral and bacterial infections. Combining TRAIL with CRP increases the AUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Hu
- Geriatric Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Qi Yao
- Geriatric Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China.
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170
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Cardoso O, Assis G, Donato MM, Henriques SC, Freitas A, Ramos F. Antibiotic Residues and Zinc Concentrations in the Livers and Kidneys of Portuguese Piglets-Relationship to Antibiotic and Zinc Resistance in Intestinal Escherichia coli. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:4522-4530. [PMID: 38147233 PMCID: PMC11339090 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-04032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Metal ions such as zinc and copper have been used as alternatives to antibiotics, to improve animal health and growth rates in pig farming. This study aims to determine antibiotic residues and Zn concentration in piglets' livers (n = 56) and kidneys (n = 60); and to examine the correlation between the use of Zn and antibiotics, and resistance to Zn and antibiotics of Escherichia coli isolated from piglets' faeces (n = 60). Samples were collected from randomly selected healthy piglets (n = 60); antibiotic residues were quantified by ultra-high-performance-liquid-chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ToF-MS); Zn was quantified using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS); microbiological methods were used for E. coli isolation, antibiotic susceptibility, and Zn minimal inhibitory concentration; and Real-Time PCR was used for gene detection. The presence of antibiotic residues and Zn concentrations in the liver was found to be negatively correlated, whilst no significant difference was observed in the kidney. In E. coli isolated from piglet faeces considered to be susceptible or multi-drug-resistant, no significant difference was found between Zn concentrations in the liver and in the kidney, which appears to indicate that Zn accumulated in the liver and in the kidney does not promote resistance to antibiotics in E. coli. The isolates showed tolerance to Zn which would suggest that antibiotic resistance and phenotypic tolerance to Zn in these isolates are not related. The genes zitB and zntA associated to Zn tolerance, were predominantly found in the more resistant Zn isolates. The findings provide insights on how Zn use in pig production maintains antibiotic resistance and metal tolerance in bacteria, with implications for One Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Cardoso
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Assis
- Laboratório de Controlo da Alimentação Animal, Unidade Estratégica de Investigação E Serviços, Tecnologia E Segurança Alimentar, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária E Veterinária, I.P, Av. da República, Quinta Do Marquês, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria M Donato
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, CIMAGO, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Sara Carolina Henriques
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Freitas
- Laboratório de Controlo da Alimentação Animal, Unidade Estratégica de Investigação E Serviços, Tecnologia E Segurança Alimentar, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária E Veterinária, I.P, Av. da República, Quinta Do Marquês, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
- Laboratório Nacional de Referência Para a Segurança Alimentar, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária E Veterinária, I.P., Rua Dos Lágidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655, Vairão, Vila Do Conde, Portugal
| | - Fernando Ramos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Rua Dom Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
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171
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Wang Q, Wang X, Ding J, Huang L, Wang Z. Structural insight of cell surface sugars in viral infection and human milk glycans as natural antiviral substance. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:133867. [PMID: 39009265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Viral infections are caused by the adhesion of viruses to host cell receptors, including sialylated glycans, glycosaminoglycans, and human blood group antigens (HBGAs). Atomic-level structural information on the interactions between viral particles or proteins with glycans can be determined to provide precise targets for designing antiviral drugs. Milk glycans, existing as free oligosaccharides or glycoconjugates, have attracted increasing attention; milk glycans protect infants against infectious diseases, particularly poorly manageable viral infections. Furthermore, several glycans containing structurally distinct sialic acid/fucose/sulfate modifications in human milk acting as a "receptor decoy" and serving as the natural antiviral library, could interrupt virus-receptor interaction in the first line of defense for viral infection. This review highlights the basis of virus-glycan interactions, presents specific glycan receptor binding by gastroenterovirus viruses, including norovirus, enteroviruses, and the breakthroughs in the studies on the antiviral properties of human milk glycans, and also elucidates the role of glycans in respiratory viruses infection. In addition, recent advances in methods for performing virus/viral protein-glycan interactions were reported. Finally, we discuss the prospects and challenges of the studies on the clinical application of human milk glycan for viral interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Wang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jieqiong Ding
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Linjuan Huang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Zhongfu Wang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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172
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Poth JM, Schmandt M, Schewe JC, Lehmann F, Kreyer S, Kohistani Z, Bakhtiary F, Hischebeth G, Putensen C, Weller J, Ehrentraut SF. Prevalence and prognostic relevance of invasive fungal disease during veno-arterial ECMO: A retrospective single-center study. J Crit Care 2024; 83:154831. [PMID: 38797056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2024.154831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the prevalence and relevance of invasive fungal disease (IFD) during veno-arterial (V-A) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). METHODS Retrospective analysis from January 2013 to November 2023 of adult V-A ECMO cases at a German University Hospital. Parameters relating to IFD, demographics, length of stay (LoS), days on ECMO and mechanical ventilation, prognostic scores and survival were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression analyses with IFD and death as dependent variables were performed. Outcome was assessed after propensity score matching IFD-patients to non-IFD-controls. RESULTS 421 patients received V-A ECMO. 392 patients with full electronic datasets were included. The prevalence of IFD, invasive candidiasis and probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis was 4.6%, 3.8% and 1.0%. Severity of acute disease, pre-existing moderate-to-severe renal disease and continuous kidney replacement therapy were predictive of IFD. In-hospital mortality (94% (17/18) compared to 67% (252/374) in non-IFD patients (p = 0.0156)) was predicted by female sex, SOFA score at admission, SAVE score and IFD (for IFD: OR: 8.31; CI: 1.60-153.18; p: 0.044). There was no difference in outcome after matching IFD-cases to non-IFD-controls. CONCLUSIONS IFD are detected in about one in 20 patients on V-A ECMO, indicating mortality >90%. However, IFD do not contribute to prognosis in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens M Poth
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mathias Schmandt
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens-Christian Schewe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Felix Lehmann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Kreyer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Zaki Kohistani
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Farhad Bakhtiary
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunnar Hischebeth
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Putensen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Johannes Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan F Ehrentraut
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
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173
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Costa B, Alves PM, Fonseca DR, Campos F, Monteiro AC, Shahrour H, Gomes A, Costa F, Gomes P, Martínez-de-Tejada G, Monteiro C, Martins MCL. Dhvar5-chitosan nanogels and their potential to improve antibiotics activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134059. [PMID: 39038581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Infection is one of the main causes of orthopedic implants failure, with antibiotic-resistant bacteria playing a crucial role in this outcome. In this work, antimicrobial nanogels were developed to be applied in situ as implant coating to prevent orthopedic-device-related infections. To that regard, a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide, Dhvar5, was grafted onto chitosan via thiol-norbornene "photoclick" chemistry. Dhvar5-chitosan nanogels (Dhvar5-NG) were then produced using a microfluidic system. Dhvar5-NG (1010 nanogels (NG)/mL) with a Dhvar5 concentration of 6 μg/mL reduced the burden of the most critical bacteria in orthopedic infections - methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) - after 24 h in medium supplemented with human plasma proteins. Transmission electron microscopy showed that Dhvar5-NG killed bacteria by membrane disruption and cytoplasm release. No signs of cytotoxicity against a pre-osteoblast cell line were verified upon incubation with Dhvar5-NG. To further explore therapeutic alternatives, the potential synergistic effect of Dhvar5-NG with antibiotics was evaluated against MRSA. Dhvar5-NG at a sub-minimal inhibitory concentration (109 NG/mL) demonstrated synergistic effect with oxacillin (4-fold reduction: from 2 to 0.5 μg/mL) and piperacillin (2-fold reduction: from 2 to 1 μg/mL). This work supports the use of Dhvar5-NG as adjuvant of antibiotics to the prevention of orthopedic devices-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Costa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; FEUP-Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - P M Alves
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; FEUP-Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - D R Fonseca
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; FEUP-Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - F Campos
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A C Monteiro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - H Shahrour
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - A Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - F Costa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - G Martínez-de-Tejada
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - C Monteiro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M C L Martins
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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174
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Posada LF, Arteaga-Figueroa LA, Adarve-Rengifo I, Cadavid M, Zapata S, Álvarez JC. Endophytic microbial diversity associated with commercial cultivar and crop wild relative banana variety could provide clues for microbial community management. Microbiol Res 2024; 287:127862. [PMID: 39121704 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Endophytes, microorganisms inhabiting internal plant tissues, play a pivotal role in plant growth and disease resistance. Moreover, previous studies have established that Musa plants derive disease protective functions from their microbiome. Notably, one of the crop wild relatives of banana, the Calcutta 4 variety, exhibits resistance to various phytopathogens such as Pseudocercospora fijiensis (P. fijiensis), while the Williams commercial cultivar (cv.) is highly susceptible. Therefore, this study aims primarily to characterize and compare the endophytic microbiota composition of Calcutta 4 and Williams banana plants when grown sympatrically. Alongside, differences in endophytic microbiome between plant sections (shoot or roots), growth phases (in vitro or greenhouse) and fitness factors such as the addition of plant growth-promoting bacteria Bacillus subtilis EA-CB0575 (T2 treatment) or infection by P. fijiensis (T3 treatment) were examined. Both culture-dependent and -independent techniques were used to evaluate these differences and assess the culturability of banana endophytes under varying conditions. Microbial cultures resulted in 331 isolates distributed across 54 genera when all treatments were evaluated, whereas 16 S sequencing produced 9510 ASVs assigned in 1456 genera. Alpha and beta diversity exhibited significant differences based on plant section, with an increase in phylogenetic diversity observed in plants with pathogen infection (T3) compared to control plants (T1). Additionally, four differentially abundant genera associated with nitrogen metabolism were identified in T3 plants and seven genera showed differential abundance when comparing varieties. When culture-dependent and -independent methods were compared, it was found that isolates represented 3.7 % of the genera detected by culture-independent methods, accounting for 12-41 % of the total data depending on the treatment. These results are crucial for proposing management strategies derived from crop wild relatives to enhance the resilience of susceptible commercial varieties against fitness factors affecting crop development. Additionally, they help to decipher the pathogenic effects of P. fijiensis in banana plants and advance the understanding of how plant domestication influences the endosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa F Posada
- Grupo de Investigación Zentech. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luis A Arteaga-Figueroa
- Grupo de Investigación CIBIOP. Universidad EAFIT. Biological Sciences Department, Carrera 49 # 7 sur-50, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Isabel Adarve-Rengifo
- Grupo de Investigación CIBIOP. Universidad EAFIT. Biological Sciences Department, Carrera 49 # 7 sur-50, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Maria Cadavid
- Grupo de Investigación CIBIOP. Universidad EAFIT. Biological Sciences Department, Carrera 49 # 7 sur-50, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Javier C Álvarez
- Grupo de Investigación CIBIOP. Universidad EAFIT. Biological Sciences Department, Carrera 49 # 7 sur-50, Medellín, Colombia.
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175
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Szarvas Z, Fekete M, Szollosi GJ, Kup K, Horvath R, Shimizu M, Tsuhiya F, Choi HE, Wu HT, Fazekas-Pongor V, Pete KN, Cserjesi R, Bakos R, Gobel O, Gyongyosi K, Pinter R, Kolozsvari D, Kovats Z, Yabluchanskiy A, Owens CD, Ungvari Z, Tarantini S, Horvath G, Muller V, Varga JT. Optimizing cardiopulmonary rehabilitation duration for long COVID patients: an exercise physiology monitoring approach. GeroScience 2024; 46:4163-4183. [PMID: 38771423 PMCID: PMC11336035 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01179-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The presence of prolonged symptoms after COVID infection worsens the workability and quality of life. 200 adults with long COVID syndrome were enrolled after medical, physical, and mental screening, and were divided into two groups based on their performance. The intervention group (n = 100) received supervised rehabilitation at Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University with the registration number 160/2021 between 01/APR/2021-31/DEC/2022, while an age-matched control group (n = 100) received a single check-up. To evaluate the long-term effects of the rehabilitation, the intervention group was involved in a 2- and 3-month follow-up, carrying out cardiopulmonary exercise test. Our study contributes understanding long COVID rehabilitation, emphasizing the potential benefits of structured cardiopulmonary rehabilitation in enhancing patient outcomes and well-being. Significant difference was found between intervention group and control group at baseline visit in pulmonary parameters, as forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, forced expiratory volume, transfer factor for carbon monoxide, transfer coefficient for carbon monoxide, and oxygen saturation (all p < 0.05). Our follow-up study proved that a 2-week long, patient-centered pulmonary rehabilitation program has a positive long-term effect on people with symptomatic long COVID syndrome. Our data showed significant improvement between two and three months in maximal oxygen consumption (p < 0.05). Multidisciplinary, individualized approach may be a key element of a successful cardiopulmonary rehabilitation in long COVID conditions, which improves workload, quality of life, respiratory function, and status of patients with long COVID syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsofia Szarvas
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Monika Fekete
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergo Jozsef Szollosi
- Coordination Center for Research in Social Sciences, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katica Kup
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maya Shimizu
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fuko Tsuhiya
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ha Eun Choi
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Huang-Tzu Wu
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vince Fazekas-Pongor
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kinga Nedda Pete
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Renata Cserjesi
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Regina Bakos
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Gobel
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kata Gyongyosi
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Renata Pinter
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dora Kolozsvari
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Kovats
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Cameron D Owens
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Gabor Horvath
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Muller
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Janos Tamas Varga
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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176
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Xia F, Chen Z, Tian E, Mo J. A super sandstorm altered the abundance and composition of airborne bacteria in Beijing. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 144:35-44. [PMID: 38802236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Sandstorm, which injects generous newly emerging microbes into the atmosphere covering cities, adversely affects the air quality in built environments. However, few studies have examined the change of airborne bacteria during severe sandstorm events. In this work, we analyzed the airborne bacteria during one of the strongest sandstorms in East Asia on March 15th, 2021, which affected large areas of China and Mongolia. The characteristics of the sandstorm were compared with those of the subsequent clean and haze days. The composition of the bacterial community of air samples was investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and high-throughput sequencing technology. During the sandstorm, the particulate matter (PM) concentration and bacterial richness were extremely high (PM2.5: 207 µg/m3; PM10: 1630 µg/m3; 5700 amplicon sequence variants/m3). In addition, the sandstorm brought 10 pathogenic bacterial genera to the atmosphere, posing a grave hazard to human health. As the sandstorm subsided, small bioaerosols (0.65-1.1 µm) with a similar bacterial community remained suspended in the atmosphere, bringing possible long-lasting health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanxuan Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Enze Tian
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China; Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jinhan Mo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Urban Resilient Infrastructures (Shenzhen University), Ministry of Education, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Eco Planning & Green Building (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, China
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177
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Wong YC, Ng AWR, Osahor A, Narayanan K. Customizable BAC-based DNA markers for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Anal Biochem 2024; 693:115596. [PMID: 38936495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
DNA markers are used as a size reference and sample loading control during gel electrophoresis. Most markers are designed for conventional gel electrophoresis to separate DNA smaller than 20 kb. For larger molecules, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) marker is required. Limited PFGE markers are available because large DNA are prone to nicking and degradation, causing smeary bands. Here, we developed a robust marker based on bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) with bands up to 184 kb. This marker could consistently confer intense and distinct bands for accurate gel analysis in molecular biology studies, laboratory validations or clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Cheng Wong
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Allan Wee Ren Ng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Andrew Osahor
- IFOM-KU Joint Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Kumaran Narayanan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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178
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Wang X, Chen C, Waterhouse GIN, Qiao X, Sun Y, Xu Z. Ultrasensitive SERS aptasensor using Au@Ag bimetallic nanorod SERS tags for the selective detection of amantadine in foods. Food Chem 2024; 453:139665. [PMID: 38776796 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Herein, a novel surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) aptasensor was developed for amantadine (AMD) detection, based on magnetite nanoparticles coated with polyethylenimine, silver nanoclusters and aptamers (Fe3O4@PEI@AgNC-apt) as the capture probe and complementary DNA-modified gold nanorods (AuNRs@4-MPBA@Ag-c-DNA containing 4-mercaptophenylboric acid molecules) as the reporter probe. In the presence of AMD, the AMD and the reporter probe competed for the aptamer on the surface of the capture probe, resulting in the reporter probe detaching from the capture probe leading to a decrease in intensity of the SERS signal at 1067 cm-1 for 4-MPBA. Under optimal conditions, a good linear relationship was established between the SERS intensity at 1067 cm-1 and the logarithm of the AMD concentration over the range 10-6-102 mg L-1, with a LOD of 0.50 × 10-6 mg L-1. The AMD levels in spiked samples were evaluated using the SERS aptasensor, with good recoveries ranging from 90.57% to 113.49% being obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Xuguang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, People's Republic of China.
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179
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Yang L, Wu X, Wu G, Wu Y, Li H, Shao B. Association analysis of antibiotic and disinfectant resistome in human and foodborne E. coli in Beijing, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 944:173888. [PMID: 38866143 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The widespread use of chemical disinfectants and antibiotics poses a major threat to food safety and human health. However, the mechanisms of co-transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and biocides and metal resistance genes (BMRGs) of foodborne pathogens in the food chain is still unclear. This study isolated 343 E. coli strains from animal-derived foods in Beijing and incorporated online data of human-derived E. coli strains from NCBI. Our results demonstrated a relatively uniform distribution of strains from various regions in Beijing, indicating a lack of region-specific clustering. Additionally, predominant sequence types varied between food- and human-derived strains, suggesting a preference for different hosts and environments. Phenotypic association analysis showed that the chlorine disinfectants peroxides had a significant positive correlation with tetracyclines. Many more ARGs and BMRGs were enriched in human-associated E. coli compared with those in chicken- and pork-origin. The quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) resistance gene qacEΔ1 had a strong correlation with aminoglycoside resistance gene aadA5, folate pathway antagonist resistance gene dfrA17, sul1 and macrolide resistance gene mph(A). The correlation results indicated a significant association between the copper resistance gene cluster pco and the silver resistance gene cluster sil. Coexistence of many resistance genes was observed within the qacEΔ1 gene structure, with qacEΔ1-sul1 being the most common combination. Our findings demonstrated that the epidemiological spread of resistance is affected by a combination of heavy metals, disinfectants and antibiotic use, suggesting that the prevention and control strategies of antimicrobial resistance need to be multifaceted and comprehensive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Shanghai Anti-doping Laboratory, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China; School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Guoquan Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China; National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yige Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China; National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China; School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Bing Shao
- Shanghai Anti-doping Laboratory, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China; National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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180
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Turner RM, Lee KM, Walker AS, Ellis S, Sharland M, Bielicki JA, Stöhr W, White IR. Determining sample size in a personalized randomized controlled (PRACTical) trial. Stat Med 2024; 43:4098-4112. [PMID: 38980954 DOI: 10.1002/sim.10168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
In clinical settings with no commonly accepted standard-of-care, multiple treatment regimens are potentially useful, but some treatments may not be appropriate for some patients. A personalized randomized controlled trial (PRACTical) design has been proposed for this setting. For a network of treatments, each patient is randomized only among treatments which are appropriate for them. The aim is to produce treatment rankings that can inform clinical decisions about treatment choices for individual patients. Here we propose methods for determining sample size in a PRACTical design, since standard power-based methods are not applicable. We derive a sample size by evaluating information gained from trials of varying sizes. For a binary outcome, we quantify how many adverse outcomes would be prevented by choosing the top-ranked treatment for each patient based on trial results rather than choosing a random treatment from the appropriate personalized randomization list. In simulations, we evaluate three performance measures: mean reduction in adverse outcomes using sample information, proportion of simulated patients for whom the top-ranked treatment performed as well or almost as well as the best appropriate treatment, and proportion of simulated trials in which the top-ranked treatment performed better than a randomly chosen treatment. We apply the methods to a trial evaluating eight different combination antibiotic regimens for neonatal sepsis (NeoSep1), in which a PRACTical design addresses varying patterns of antibiotic choice based on disease characteristics and resistance. Our proposed approach produces results that are more relevant to complex decision making by clinicians and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Turner
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, UK
| | - Kim May Lee
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Sarah Walker
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, UK
| | - Sally Ellis
- Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael Sharland
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Julia A Bielicki
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, London, UK
- University of Basel Children's Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Stöhr
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, UK
| | - Ian R White
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, UK
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181
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English KJ. Anal carcinoma - exploring the epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. World J Exp Med 2024; 14:98525. [DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v14.i3.98525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Anal carcinoma is a relatively rare tumor that accounts for approximately 2% of gastrointestinal malignancies and less than 7% of anorectal cancers. Most anal tumors originate between the anorectal junction and the anal verge. Risk factors for the disease include human papillomavirus infection, human immunodeficiency virus, tobacco use, immunosuppression, female sex, and older age. The pathogenesis of anal carcinoma is believed to be linked to human papillomavirus-related inflammation, leading to dysplasia and progression to cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of anal tumor, with an annual incidence of approximately 1 to 2 per 100000 persons. Treatment regarding anal cancer has emerged over time. However, chemoradiation therapy remains the mainstay approach for early localized disease. Patients with metastatic disease are treated with systemic therapy, and salvage surgery is reserved for disease recurrence following chemoradiation. This article aims to provide background information on the epidemiology, risk factors, pathology, diagnosis, and current trends in the management of anal cancer. Future directions are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevan J English
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Saint George’s University School of Medicine, Saint George 33334, Saint George, Grenada
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182
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Prasad P, Sharma S, Mohanasundaram S, Agarwal A, Verma H. Tuberculosis in kidney transplant candidates and recipients. World J Transplant 2024; 14:96225. [DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v14.i3.96225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of infectious mortality and morbidity in the world, second only to coronavirus disease 2019. Patients with chronic kidney disease and kidney transplant recipients are at a higher risk of developing TB than the general population. Active TB is difficult to diagnose in this population due to close mimics. All transplant candidates should be screened for latent TB infection and given TB prophylaxis. Patients who develop active TB pre- or post-transplantation should receive multidrug combination therapy of antitubercular therapy for the recommended duration with optimal dose modification as per glomerular filtration rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Prasad
- Department of Nephrology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi 110029, Delhi, India
| | - Sourabh Sharma
- Department of Nephrology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi 110029, Delhi, India
| | | | - Anupam Agarwal
- Department of Nephrology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi 110029, Delhi, India
| | - Himanshu Verma
- Department of Nephrology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi 110029, Delhi, India
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183
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Sun W, Wang ZX, Guo Y, Li C, Gao G, Wu FG. Iodine/soluble starch cryogel: An iodine-based antiseptic with instant water-solubility, improved stability, and potent bactericidal activity. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 340:122217. [PMID: 38857997 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Iodine (I2) as a broad-spectrum antiseptic has been widely used for treating bacterial infections. However, I2 has low water-solubility and sublimes under ambient conditions, which limits its practical antibacterial applications. The highly specific and sensitive reaction between I2 and starch discovered 200 years ago has been extensively applied in analytical chemistry, but the antibacterial activity of the I2-starch complex is rarely investigated. Herein, we develop a novel type of iodine-based antiseptics, iodine-soluble starch (I2-SS) cryogel, which can dissolve in water instantly and almost completely kill bacteria in 10 min at 2 μg/mL of I2. Although KI3 and the commercially available povidone‑iodine (I2-PVP) solutions show similar antibacterial efficacy, the high affinity of I2 to SS largely enhances the shelf stability of the I2-SS solution with ∼73 % I2 left after one-week storage at room temperature. In sharp contrast, ∼8.5 % and ∼2.5 % I2 are detected in KI3 and I2-PVP solutions, respectively. Mechanistic study reveals that the potent antibacterial effect of I2-SS originates from its attack on multiple bacterial targets. The outstanding antibacterial activity, capability of accelerating wound healing, and good biocompatibility of I2-SS are verified through further in vivo experiments. This work may promote the development of next-generation iodine-based antiseptics for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Southeast University Road, Nanjing 211189, PR China; Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Zi-Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Southeast University Road, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Yuxin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Southeast University Road, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Ge Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Southeast University Road, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Southeast University Road, Nanjing 211189, PR China.
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184
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Li B, Bai J, Xiong Y, Guo D, Fu B, Deng G, Wu H. Understanding the mechanisms and treatments of long COVID to address future public health risks. Life Sci 2024; 353:122938. [PMID: 39084516 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has seen numerous individuals undergo and recover from it, drawing extensive attention to their health conditions. Extensive studies indicate that even after surpassing the acute phase of infection, patients continue to experience persistent symptoms such as fatigue, pain, depression, weakening, and anosmia. COVID-19 appears not to have concluded but rather to persist long-term in certain individuals, termed as "long COVID." This represents a heterogeneous ailment involving multiple organ systems, with a perceived complex and still elusive pathogenesis. Among patients with long COVID, observations reveal immune dysregulation, coagulation impairments, and microbial dysbiosis, considered potential mechanisms explaining sustained adverse outcomes post COVID-19. Based on the multifactorial nature, varied symptoms, and heterogeneity of long COVID, we have summarized several categories of current therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, the symptoms of long COVID resemble those of other viral illnesses, suggesting that existing knowledge may offer novel insights into long-term COVID implications. Here, we provide an overview of existing literature associated with long COVID and summarize potential mechanisms, treatment modalities, and other analogous conditions. Lastly, we underscore the inadequacies in long COVID treatment approaches and emphasize the significance of conducting further research and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohao Li
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Junlu Bai
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Dong Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Beibei Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Guohong Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Haibo Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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185
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Arya CG, Kishore R, Gupta P, Gondru R, Arockiaraj J, Pasupuleti M, Chandrakanth M, Punya VP, Banothu J. Identification of coumarin - benzimidazole hybrids as potential antibacterial agents: Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo biological assessment, and ADMET prediction. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 110:129881. [PMID: 38996936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The direct-linked coumarin-benzimidazole hybrids, featuring aryl and n-butyl substituents at the N1-position of benzimidazole were synthesized through a Knoevenagel condensation reaction. This reaction involved the condensation of 1,2-diaminobenzene derivatives with coumarin-3-carboxylic acids in the presence of polyphosphoric acid (PPA) at 154 °C. The in vitro antibacterial potency of the hybrid molecules against different gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains led to the identification of the hybrids 6m and 6p with a MIC value of 6.25 μg/mL against a gram-negative bacterium, Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 27736. Cell viability studies on THP-1 cells demonstrated that the compounds 6m and 6p were non-toxic at a concentration of 50 µM. Furthermore, in vivo efficacy studies using a murine neutropenic thigh infection model revealed that both compounds significantly reduced bacterial (Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 27736) counts (more than 2 log) compared to the control group. Additionally, both compounds exhibited favorable physicochemical properties and drug-likeness characteristics. Consequently, these compounds hold promise as lead candidates for further development of effective antibacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Arya
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode 673601, Kerala, India
| | - Raj Kishore
- Division of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Sector 10, Janakipuram Extension, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pooja Gupta
- Division of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Sector 10, Janakipuram Extension, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Gondru
- Food Chemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mukesh Pasupuleti
- Division of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Sector 10, Janakipuram Extension, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Munugala Chandrakanth
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode 673601, Kerala, India
| | - V P Punya
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode 673601, Kerala, India
| | - Janardhan Banothu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode 673601, Kerala, India.
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186
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Yang Y, Li H, Wang D, Shi D, Yang Z, Zhou S, Yang D, Chen T, Li J, Chen J, Jin M. Metagenomics of high-altitude groundwater reveal different health risks associated with antibiotic-resistant pathogens and bacterial resistome in the latitudinal gradient. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 262:122032. [PMID: 39024671 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Groundwater on the Tibetan Plateau is a critical water resource to people in Asia. However, its prevalence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens (ARPs), bacterial resistome and their driving factors remain unknown. Using metagenomics analysis, a hotspot of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) and last-resort ARGs (LARGs) with a total of 639 subtypes was identified in the groundwater. Importantly, 164 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) which possessed both ARGs and virulence factors (VFs) were assigned as potential ARPs, with the most abundant species being Acinetobacter johnsonii and Acinetobacter pittii. A total of 157 potential ARPs, involving Escherichia coli, were predicted as "natural" ARGs supercarriers. Thirty-six ARPs dominated by the genus Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were found to harbour LARGs. Co-localizations of the ARG-mobile genetic elements (MGEs) showed that MGEs were significantly associated with ARGs in the ARPs, which suggests ARPs play a prominent role in ARG dissemination. Notably, latitudinal gradient is a driving factor in the occurrence of ARGs and ARPs. The average abundances of ARGs and ARP decreased as the latitude increased, with the highest abundance occurring in the region between 28.6◦N and 29.5◦N. MetaCompare further revealed health risks associated with the resistome decreased as the latitudes increased. These findings indicated different health risks associated with ARPs and bacterial resistome in latitudinal gradient groundwater. They raise the concerns of mitigating ARPs risk in groundwater on the Tibetan Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidi Yang
- Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Haibei Li
- Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Dongshuai Wang
- Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Danyang Shi
- Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Zhongwei Yang
- Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Shuqing Zhou
- Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Tianjiao Chen
- Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Junwen Li
- Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Jingyuan Chen
- Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China.
| | - Min Jin
- Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China.
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187
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Yadav M, Verma S, Tiwari P, Mugale MN. Unraveling the mechanisms of hepatogenous diabetes and its therapeutic perspectives. Life Sci 2024; 353:122934. [PMID: 39089644 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The review focused mainly on the pathogenesis of hepatogenous diabetes (HD) in liver cirrhosis (LC). This review reveals parallels between the mechanisms of metabolic dysfunction observed in LC and type II diabetes (T2DM), suggesting a shared pathway leading to HD. It underscores the role of insulin in HD pathogenesis, highlighting key factors such as insulin signaling, glucose metabolism, insulin resistance (IR), and the influence of adipocytes. Furthermore, the impact of adipose tissue accumulation, fatty acid metabolism, and pro-inflammatory cytokines like Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on IR are discussed in the context of HD. Altered signaling pathways, disruptions in the endocrine system, liver inflammation, changes in muscle mass and composition, and modifications to the gut microbiota collectively contribute to the complex interplay linking cirrhosis and HD. This study highlights how important it is to identify and treat this complex condition in cirrhotic patients by thoroughly analyzing the link between cirrhosis, IR, and HD. It also emphasizes the vitality of targeted interventions. Cellular and molecular investigations into IR have revealed potential therapeutic targets for managing and preventing HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Yadav
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Smriti Verma
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Purnima Tiwari
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Madhav Nilakanth Mugale
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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188
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Zamora D, Xie H, Sadowska-Klasa A, Kampouri E, Biernacki MA, Ueda Oshima M, Duke E, Green ML, Kimball LE, Holmberg L, Waghmare A, Greninger AL, Jerome KR, Hill GR, Hill JA, Leisenring WM, Boeckh MJ. CMV reactivation during pretransplantation evaluation: a novel risk factor for posttransplantation CMV reactivation. Blood Adv 2024; 8:4568-4580. [PMID: 38924728 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023012234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease occurs occasionally before allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and is associated with poor post-HCT outcomes; however, the impact of pre-HCT CMV reactivation is unknown. Pre-HCT CMV reactivation was assessed in HCT candidates from the preemptive antiviral therapy (2007-2017) and letermovir prophylaxis (2018-2021) eras. CMV DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) surveillance was routinely performed during the pre-HCT workup period, and antiviral therapy was recommended according to risk of progression to CMV disease. Risk factors for pre-HCT CMV reactivation were characterized, and the associations of pre-HCT CMV reactivation with post-HCT outcomes were examined using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models, respectively. A total of 1694 patients were identified, and 11% had pre-HCT CMV reactivation 14 days (median; interquartile range [IQR], 6-23) before HCT. Lymphopenia (≤0.3 × 103/μL) was the strongest risk factor for pre-HCT CMV reactivation at multiple PCR levels. In the preemptive therapy era, patients with pre-HCT CMV reactivation had a significantly increased risk of CMV reactivation by day 100 as well as CMV disease and death by 1 year after HCT. Clearance of pre-HCT CMV reactivation was associated with a lower risk of post-HCT CMV reactivation. Similar associations with post-HCT CMV end points were observed in a cohort of patients receiving letermovir prophylaxis. Pre-HCT CMV reactivation can be routinely detected in high-risk HCT candidates and is a significant risk factor for post-HCT CMV reactivation and disease. Pre-HCT CMV DNA PCR surveillance is recommended in high-risk HCT candidates, and antiviral therapy may be indicated to prevent post-HCT CMV reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danniel Zamora
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Hu Xie
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Alicja Sadowska-Klasa
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Hematology and Transplantology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Eleftheria Kampouri
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Melinda A Biernacki
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Elizabeth Duke
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Margaret L Green
- Division of Allergy & Infectious Disease, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Louise E Kimball
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Leona Holmberg
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Alpana Waghmare
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Alexander L Greninger
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Keith R Jerome
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Joshua A Hill
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Michael J Boeckh
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
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189
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Fernández-Triana I, Rubilar O, Parada J, Fincheira P, Benavides-Mendoza A, Durán P, Fernández-Baldo M, Seabra AB, Tortella GR. Metal nanoparticles and pesticides under global climate change: Assessing the combined effects of multiple abiotic stressors on soil microbial ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 942:173494. [PMID: 38810746 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The soil is a vital resource that hosts many microorganisms crucial in biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem health. However, human activities such as the use of metal nanoparticles (MNPs), pesticides and the impacts of global climate change (GCCh) can significantly affect soil microbial communities (SMC). For many years, pesticides and, more recently, nanoparticles have contributed to sustainable agriculture to ensure continuous food production to sustain the significant growth of the world population and, therefore, the demand for food. Pesticides have a recognized pest control capacity. On the other hand, nanoparticles have demonstrated a high ability to improve water and nutrient retention, promote plant growth, and control pests. However, it has been reported that their accumulation in agricultural soils can also adversely affect the environment and soil microbial health. In addition, climate change, with its variations in temperature and extreme water conditions, can lead to drought and increased soil salinity, modifying both soil conditions and the composition and function of microbial communities. Abiotic stressors can interact and synergistically or additively affect soil microorganisms, significantly impacting soil functioning and the capacity to provide ecosystem services. Therefore, this work reviewed the current scientific literature to understand how multiple stressors interact and affect the SMC. In addition, the importance of molecular tools such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, proteomics, or metabolomics in the study of the responses of SMC to exposure to multiple abiotic stressors was examined. Future research directions were also proposed, focusing on exploring the complex interactions between stressors and their long-term effects and developing strategies for sustainable soil management. These efforts will contribute to the preservation of soil health and the promotion of sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Fernández-Triana
- Doctoral Program in Science of Natural Resources, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - O Rubilar
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230 Temuco, Chile; Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - J Parada
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230 Temuco, Chile
| | - P Fincheira
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230 Temuco, Chile
| | - A Benavides-Mendoza
- Departamento de Horticultura, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, 25315 Saltillo, Mexico
| | - P Durán
- Biocontrol Research Laboratory, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Martín Fernández-Baldo
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, University of Londrina, PR 445, km 380, CEP 86047-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - A B Seabra
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - G R Tortella
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230 Temuco, Chile; Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
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190
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Ohta N, Matsuzaki T, Nakai M, Tabata Y, Nimura K. Combining mRNA with PBS and calcium ions improves the efficiency of the transfection of mRNA into tumors. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102273. [PMID: 39184192 PMCID: PMC11342175 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
mRNA is a promising modality for expressing a protein in vivo. Drug delivery systems are required for the efficient transfection of mRNA into cells. In this study, we evaluated several drug delivery systems for transfecting mRNA into tumors. A lipid nanoparticle delivered mRNA to the draining lymph nodes and liver, even by intratumoral injection. A liposome-based system did not consistently provide mRNA for different types of tumor cells. We found that PBS introduced mRNA into several tumors, and calcium ions enhanced the efficiency, particularly in male mice. The circular dichroism spectrometer suggested a structural change in mRNA in PBS. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that calcium ions promoted the formation of mRNA nanoparticles in PBS. Transfection of mRNAs coding OX40-ligand, interleukin (IL)-36γ, and IL-23 by PBS + calcium ions attenuated tumor growth. Our results indicate that combining PBS with calcium ions promotes the transfection of mRNA into tumors. These data provide information for the development of methods for transfection of mRNA for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Ohta
- Division of Gene Therapy Science, Department of Genome Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Division of Gene Therapy Science, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuzaki
- Department of DDS Pharmaceutical Development, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Nakai
- Division of Gene Therapy Science, Department of Genome Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nimura
- Division of Gene Therapy Science, Department of Genome Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Division of Gene Therapy Science, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
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191
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Ismail EA, Omolo CA, Gafar MA, Khan R, Nyandoro VO, Yakubu ES, Mackraj I, Tageldin A, Govender T. Novel peptide and hyaluronic acid coated biomimetic liposomes for targeting bacterial infections and sepsis. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124493. [PMID: 39048042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome resulting from an imbalanced immune response to severe infections. Despite advances in nanomedicines, effective treatments for sepsis are still lacking. Herein, vancomycin free base (VCM)-loaded dual functionalized biomimetic liposomes based on a novel TLR4-targeting peptide (P3) and hyaluronic acid (HA) (HA-P3-Lipo) were developed to enhance sepsis therapy. The nanocarrier revealed appropriate physicochemical parameters, good stability, and biocompatibility. The release of VCM from HA-P3-Lipo was found to be sustained with 76 % VCM released in 48 h. The biomimicry was elucidated by in silico tools and MST and results confirmed strong binding between the system and TLR4. Furthermore, HA-P3-Lipo revealed 2-fold enhanced antibacterial activity against S. aureus, sustained antibacterial activity against MRSA over 72 h and 5-fold better MRSA biofilm inhibition compared to bare VCM. Bacterial-killing kinetics and flow cytometry confirmed the superiority of HA-P3-Lipo in eliminating MRSA faster than VCM. The in vivo potential of the nanocarrier was elucidated in an MRSA-induced sepsis mice model, and the results confirmed the superiority of HA-P3-Lipo compared to free VCM in eliminating bacteria and down-regulating the proinflammatory markers. Therefore, HA-P3-Lipo exhibits potential as a promising novel multi-functional nanosystem against sepsis and could significantly contribute to the transformation of sepsis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Ismail
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa; United States International University-Africa, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, P. O. Box 14634-00800, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Mohammed A Gafar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Rene Khan
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Vincent O Nyandoro
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa; School of Pharmacy, Kabarak University, P.O BOX Private bag 20157, Nakuru, Kenya
| | - Elliasu S Yakubu
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Irene Mackraj
- Discipline of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Abdelrahman Tageldin
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.
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192
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Wang X, Dou Y, Hu J, Chan CHC, Li R, Rong L, Gong H, Deng J, Yuen TTT, Lin X, He Y, Su C, Zhang BZ, Chan JFW, Yuen KY, Chu H, Huang JD. Conserved moonlighting protein pyruvate dehydrogenase induces robust protection against Staphylococcus aureus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321939121. [PMID: 39186649 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321939121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing an effective Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) vaccine has been a challenging endeavor, as demonstrated by numerous failed clinical trials over the years. In this study, we formulated a vaccine containing a highly conserved moonlighting protein, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2 subunit (PDHC), and showed that it induced strong protective immunity against epidemiologically relevant staphylococcal strains in various murine disease models. While antibody responses contributed to bacterial control, they were not essential for protective immunity in the bloodstream infection model. Conversely, vaccine-induced systemic immunity relied on γδ T cells. It has been suggested that prior S. aureus exposure may contribute to the reduction of vaccine efficacy. However, PDHC-induced protective immunity still facilitated bacterial clearance in mice previously exposed to S. aureus. Collectively, our findings indicate that PDHC is a promising serotype-independent vaccine candidate effective against both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Dou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingchu Hu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Celia Hoi-Ching Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Renhao Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Rong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Huarui Gong
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Deng
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Terrence Tsz-Tai Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuansheng Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yige He
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Canhui Su
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Zhong Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Hin Chu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Oncology Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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193
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Kim N, Ko SY, Park SY, Kim SY, Lee DE, Kwon KT, Kim YK, Lee JC. Clonal Distribution and Its Association With the Carbapenem Resistance Mechanisms of Carbapenem-Non-Susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates From Korean Hospitals. Ann Lab Med 2024; 44:410-417. [PMID: 38433574 PMCID: PMC11169769 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2023.0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a serious global health problem. We investigated the clonal distribution and its association with the carbapenem resistance mechanisms of carbapenem-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa isolates from three Korean hospitals. Methods A total of 155 carbapenem-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa isolates collected between 2011 and 2019 were analyzed for sequence types (STs), antimicrobial susceptibility, and carbapenem resistance mechanisms, including carbapenemase production, the presence of resistance genes, OprD mutations, and the hyperproduction of AmpC β-lactamase. Results Sixty STs were identified in carbapenem-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa isolates. Two high-risk clones, ST235 (N=41) and ST111 (N=20), were predominant; however, sporadic STs were more prevalent than high-risk clones. The resistance rate to amikacin was the lowest (49.7%), whereas that to piperacillin was the highest (92.3%). Of the 155 carbapenem-non-susceptible isolates, 43 (27.7%) produced carbapenemases. Three metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) genes, blaIMP-6 (N=38), blaVIM-2 (N=3), and blaNDM-1 (N=2), were detected. blaIMP-6 was detected in clonal complex 235 isolates. Two ST773 isolates carried blaNDM-1 and rmtB. Frameshift mutations in oprD were identified in all isolates tested, regardless of the presence of MBL genes. Hyperproduction of AmpC was detected in MBL gene-negative isolates. Conclusions Frameshift mutations in oprD combined with MBL production or hyperproduction of AmpC are responsible for carbapenem resistance in P. aeruginosa. Further attention is required to curb the emergence and spread of new carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayeong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seo Yeon Ko
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong Yong Park
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong Yeob Kim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Da Eun Lee
- Kyungpook National University Hospital National Culture Collection for Pathogens (KNUH-NCCP), Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ki Tae Kwon
- Kyungpook National University Hospital National Culture Collection for Pathogens (KNUH-NCCP), Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yu Kyung Kim
- Kyungpook National University Hospital National Culture Collection for Pathogens (KNUH-NCCP), Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Je Chul Lee
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Kyungpook National University Hospital National Culture Collection for Pathogens (KNUH-NCCP), Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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Huang L, Jia L. Disseminated nocardiosis caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum-A case report. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116347. [PMID: 38878341 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
In this article we report a case of disseminated nocardiosis caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an immunocompetent patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who complained of a cough, followed by skin and intracranial lesions. On metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology of respiratory samples (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, BALF) Nocardia otitidiscaviarum was identified. The patient was treated with therapy combined with a low dose of TMP-SMX and imipenem cilastatin sodium and had a favorable outcome. The timely diagnosis of Nocardia with the help of mNGS technology and early rational treatment of TMP-SMX can help improve the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyue Huang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Lian Jia
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan 610041, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Chengdu Sichuan 610041, PR China.
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195
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Monte DFM, Sellera FP, Lincopan N, Landgraf M. Genome-based diagnostic of MDR Escherichia coli ONT:H19 ST10955 causing human gastrointestinal infection. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116340. [PMID: 38850686 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
This study focuses on the genomic characterization of a multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strain responsible for a severe gastrointestinal infection in a 33-year-old male. The patient initially received sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim treatment, which proved ineffective. Fecal culture confirmed the presence of E. coli displaying a MDR profile to ampicillin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and tetracycline. Serotyping identified the strain as ONT:H19. Virulence analysis indicated a highly virulent profile with numerous virulence markers. Plasmid analysis uncovered various plasmids carrying both antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes. MLST assigned the strain to ST10955. Phylogenomic analysis revealed similarity to an older Brazilian isolate, suggesting the persistence of a common lineage with evolving antimicrobial resistance. This report highlights the first identification of a multidrug-resistant ST10955 E. coli strain with a wide resistome and virulence potential, emphasizing the importance of ongoing surveillance of E. coli strains due to their potential for severe infections, resistance development, and virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F M Monte
- Department of Animal Science, College for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (CCA/UFPB), Areia, PB, Brazil; Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fabio P Sellera
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; School of Veterinary Medicine, Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos, Brazil
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariza Landgraf
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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196
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Dai L, Peng L, Fang T, Shao Y, Cai L. Diagnostic performance analysis of Xpert MTB/RIF in lymph node tuberculosis: A retrospective study. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116385. [PMID: 38848663 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To retrospectively analyze the diagnostic efficacy of Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) in lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB). METHODS Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and area under the curve (AUC) of Xpert, pathological examination and culture for LNTB were calculated. RESULTS 421 suspected LNTB cases were categorized into the LNTB group (377 cases) and non-LNTB group (44 cases). The sensitivities of Xpert, pathological examination, and culture were 72.15%, 20.69%, 30.24%, respectively, with NPVs of 29.53%, 12.83%, 14.33%. The AUC values were 0.861, 0.603, 0.651, respectively. The sensitivity of Xpert varied across sample types: tissue (64.73%), puncture fluid (74.42%), and pus (96.05%). For specific lymph node locations, the sensitivity was head-and-neck (72.51%), mediastinal (84.21%), and axillary (45.83%). CONCLUSIONS Xpert demonstrates high diagnostic value for LNTB, particularly in pus samples. It also performs better in mediastinal and head-and-neck lymph node samples compared to axillary lymph node samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingshan Dai
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Lijun Peng
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Tingting Fang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Yanqin Shao
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Long Cai
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
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197
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McBride JA, DeMuri G, Nelson C, Cranley S, Alfaro E, Eickhoff J, Lim A, O'Connor S, Wald ER. Performance characteristics of "lollipop" swabs for the diagnosis of infection with SARS-CoV-2. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116404. [PMID: 38896889 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common biologic samples used to diagnose COVID-19 include nasopharyngeal, nasal, or oropharyngeal swabs, and salivary samples. The performance characteristics of a sucked "lollipop" swab to detect SARS-CoV-2 virus is assessed in four small sub-studies. METHODS In each sub-study, a flocked swab was sucked for 20 s and submitted for PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus. RESULTS Across all studies, 52 of 69 (75.4%) COVID-19 positive participants had positive "lollipop" swabs. Twelve of the 17 COVID-19 positive participants with negative "lollipop" swabs had known corresponding cycle threshold values of >37 from their nasal/nasopharyngeal swabs, an indication of low viral load at time of sampling. In a paired samples sub-study, the sensitivity and specificity of the "lollipop" swabs were 100% and 98%. CONCLUSIONS "Lollipop" swabs performed satisfactorily especially in individuals with acute infection of COVID-19. "Lollipop" swabs are a simple method of sample collection for detecting SARS-CoV-2 virus and warrants additional consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A McBride
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Pediatrics Madison, WI, United States; Univeristy of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Medicine, Madison, WI, United States.
| | - Gregory DeMuri
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Pediatrics Madison, WI, United States
| | - Cassandra Nelson
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Pediatrics Madison, WI, United States
| | - Suzanne Cranley
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Pediatrics Madison, WI, United States
| | - Elena Alfaro
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Pediatrics Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jens Eickhoff
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Pediatrics Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ailam Lim
- University of Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Madison, WI, United States
| | - Shelby O'Connor
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Madison WI, United States
| | - Ellen R Wald
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Pediatrics Madison, WI, United States
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198
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Petruccelli R, Cosio T, Camicia V, Fiorilla C, Gaziano R, D'Agostini C. Malassezia furfur bloodstream infection: still a diagnostic challenge in clinical practice. Med Mycol Case Rep 2024; 45:100657. [PMID: 39070080 PMCID: PMC11279322 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2024.100657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic fungus Malassezia furfur (M. furfur) can cause either cutaneous or systemic infections. We report a case of M. furfur fungemia in a 22-year-old male with T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL) who developed concomitant Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) septicemia. The fungal infection was diagnosed by microscopic examination and culture-based methods, while automated blood culture systems and molecular approaches failed in identifying the fungus. Despite appropriate therapy, the patient died 18 days after the hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Petruccelli
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Terenzio Cosio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Dynamyc Research Team 7380, Université de Paris-Est-Créteil, F-94000, Créteil, France
| | - Valeria Camicia
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlotta Fiorilla
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Gaziano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Cartesio D'Agostini
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Catholic University “Our Lady of Good Counsel”, 1000, Tirana, Albania
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199
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Guan Z, Liu Q, Ma CB, Du Y. Electrochemical microfluidic sensing platforms for biosecurity analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:4663-4677. [PMID: 38523160 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05256-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Biosecurity encompasses the health and safety of humans, animals, plants, and the environment. In this article, "biosecurity" is defined as encompassing the comprehensive aspects of human, animal, plant, and environmental safety. Reliable biosecurity testing technology is the key point for effectively assessing biosecurity risks and ensuring biosecurity. Therefore, it is crucial to develop excellent detection technologies to detect risk factors that can affect biosecurity. An electrochemical microfluidic biosensing platform integrates fluid control, target recognition, signal transduction, and output and incorporates the advantages of electrochemical analysis technology and microfluidic technology. Thus, an electrochemical microfluidic biosensing platform, characterized by exceptional analytical sensitivity, portability, rapid analysis speed, low reagent consumption, and low risk of contamination, shows considerable promise for biosecurity detection compared to traditional, more complex, and time-consuming detection technologies. This review provides a concise introduction to electrochemical microfluidic biosensors and biosecurity. It highlights recent research advances in utilizing electrochemical microfluidic biosensing platforms to assess biosecurity risk factors. It includes the use of electrochemical microfluidic biosensors for the detection of risk factors directly endangering biosecurity (direct application: namely, risk factors directly endangering the health of human, animals, and plants) and for the detection of risk factors indirectly endangering biosecurity (indirect application: namely, risk factors endangering the safety of food and the environment). Finally, we outline the current challenges and future perspectives of electrochemical microfluidic biosensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, Jilin, China
| | - Quanyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, Jilin, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Chong-Bo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China.
| | - Yan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, Jilin, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China.
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200
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Xia Y, Caya C, Morin V, Singh AE, Serhir B, Libman M, Goldfarb DM, Wong T, Xiu F, Bélanger R, Touchette JS, Yansouni CP, Maheu-Giroux M. The population-level impact of introducing rapid diagnostic tests on syphilis transmission in Canadian arctic communities - a mathematical modeling study. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2024; 37:100845. [PMID: 39100242 PMCID: PMC11295708 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2024.100845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Background Canadian Arctic communities have experienced sustained syphilis transmission, with diagnoses rates 18-times higher than the national average. Remoteness from laboratory facilities leads to delays between syphilis screening and treatment, contributing to onward transmission. Rapid diagnostic tests can eliminate treatment delays via testing at the point-of-care. This study aims to describe syphilis diagnostic gaps and to estimate the impact of introducing rapid diagnostic tests at the point-of-care on syphilis transmission. Methods To assess the population-level impact of deploying rapid diagnostic tests, an individual-based model was developed using detailed surveillance data, population surveys, and a prospective diagnostic accuracy field study. The model was calibrated to syphilis diagnoses (2017-2022) from a community of approximately 1,050 sexually active individuals. The impacts of implementing rapid diagnostic tests using whole blood (sensitivity: 92% for infectious and 81% for non-infectious syphilis; specificity: 99%) from 2023 onward was calculated using the annual median fraction of cumulative new syphilis infections averted over 2023-2032. Findings The median modeled syphilis incidence among sexually active individuals was 44 per 1,000 in 2023. Males aged 16-30 years exhibited a 51% lower testing rate than that of their female counterparts. Maintaining all interventions constant at their 2022 levels, implementing rapid diagnostic tests could avert a cumulative 33% (90% credible intervals: 18-43%) and 37% (21-46%) of new syphilis infections over 5 and 10 years, respectively. Increasing testing rates and contact tracing may enhance the effect of rapid diagnostic tests. Interpretation Implementing rapid diagnostic tests for syphilis in Arctic communities could reduce infections and enhance control of epidemics. Such effective diagnostic tools could enable rapid outbreak responses by providing same-day testing and treatment at the point-of-care. Funding Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Chelsea Caya
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Véronique Morin
- Nunavik Regional Board of Health and Social Services, Kuujjuaq, Québec, Canada
| | - Ameeta E. Singh
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bouchra Serhir
- Laboratoire de Santé Publique du Québec/Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada
| | - Michael Libman
- JD MacLean Centre for Tropical Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - David M. Goldfarb
- BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tom Wong
- Indigenous Services Canada, Government of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fanyu Xiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Richard Bélanger
- Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Sébastien Touchette
- Department of Public Health, Nunavik Regional Board of Health and Social Services, Québec, Canada
| | - Cédric P. Yansouni
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- JD MacLean Centre for Tropical Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Maheu-Giroux
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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