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Wang X, Xiong B, Wu T, Liu X, Li K, Wang S, Deng MG, Peng M. Effect of desflurane maintenance on postoperative sleep quality in patients undergoing elective breast surgery: A non-inferiority randomized controlled trial. Sleep Med 2024; 121:287-294. [PMID: 39038404 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative sleep disturbance (PSD) is prevalent in perioperative patients,and has significant impact on postoperative recovery and prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of desflurane maintenance on postoperative sleep quality, in order to optimize patients' perioperative sleep management. METHOD A total of 118 patients undergoing elective breast surgery were randomized to receive either desflurane-based volatile anesthesia (desflurane group) or propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (propofol group) for anesthesia maintenance. The primary outcome was the quality of sleep, which was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) on 3 days after operation (POD3). Secondary outcomes were PSQI on postoperative day 7 (POD7) and 30 (POD30), and postoperative anxiety, depression, and pain score, as well as objective sleep parameters including total sleep time (TST), WASO (Wakefulness after sleep onset), REM (Rapid eye movement) and NREM (Non-rapid Eye Movement) measured by Fitbit Charge 2TM during the initial 3 postoperative days. RESULTS The global PSQI scores on POD3 in the desflurane group was non-inferior to that in the propofol group [mean (SD) 8.47 (3.46) vs. 7.65 (3.16); mean difference (95 % CI) 0.82 (-0.43, 2.07); p < 0.001 for non-inferiority]. There were no significant differences in PSQI scores on POD3 and POD7. In addition, the score of anxiety, depression, and pain on the 3rd, 7th, and 30th day after surgery have no significant differences between the propofol and the desflurane group, respectively. The postoperative NREM was higher in the desflurane group than that in the propofol group. CONCLUSION The effects of desflurane-based volatile anesthesia maintenance on postoperative sleep quality is not inferior to that of propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia, and these two drugs may have different effects on the sleep structure. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04805775.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingrui Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tangjing Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming-Gang Deng
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, 430012, China; Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, 430012, Hubei, China.
| | - Mian Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Meng L, Zhao X, Sun Y, Cheng S, Bao L, Fang K, Yu Q, Zheng Y, Wang J, Luo M, Gunderman D, Vuckovic N, Sidhu AS, Li J, Li G, Wolfe JW, Liu Z, Adams DC. Characteristics associated with effectiveness in postoperative delirium research: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials with meta-regression and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth 2024; 133:565-583. [PMID: 38969535 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2024.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium remains prevalent despite extensive research through randomised trials aimed at reducing its incidence. Understanding trial characteristics associated with interventions' effectiveness facilitates data interpretation. METHODS Trial characteristics were extracted from eligible trials identified through two systematic literature searches. Multivariable meta-regression was used to investigate trial characteristics associated with effectiveness estimated using odds ratios. Meta-analysis was used to investigate pooled effectiveness. RESULTS We identified 201 eligible trials. Compared with China, trials from the USA/Canada (ratio of odds ratio, 1.89; 95% confidence interval, 1.45-2.45) and Europe/Australia/New Zealand (1.67; 1.29-2.18) had an 89% and 67% higher odds ratio, respectively, suggesting reduced effectiveness. The effectiveness was enhanced when the incidence of postoperative delirium increased (0.85; 0.79-0.92, per 10% increase). Trials with concerns related to deviations from intended interventions reported increased effectiveness compared with those at low risk (0.69; 0.53-0.90). Compared with usual care, certain interventions appeared to have reduced the incidence of postoperative delirium in low-risk trials with low-to-moderate certainty of evidence. However, these findings should be considered inconclusive because of challenges in grouping heterogeneous interventions, the limited number of eligible trials, the prevalence of small-scale studies, and potential publication bias. CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness of postoperative delirium trials varied based on the region of trial origin, the incidence of delirium, and the risk of bias. The limitations caution against drawing definitive conclusions from different bodies of evidence. These findings highlight the imperative need to improve the quality of research on a global scale. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW PROTOCOL PROSPERO (CRD42023413984).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhong Meng
- Department of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Xu Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Shufen Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyun Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qiong Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueying Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengqiang Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - David Gunderman
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Nikola Vuckovic
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Angad S Sidhu
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - John W Wolfe
- Department of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ziyue Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David C Adams
- Department of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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153
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Jiang W, Liang Y, Long Z, Hu M, Yang H, Qin X. Endovenous radiofrequency ablation vs laser ablation in patients with lower extremity varicose veins: A meta-analysis. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2024; 12:101842. [PMID: 38316290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2024.101842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endovenous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and laser ablation (LA) have been commonly used for treating lower extremity varicose veins (LEVVs). Their therapeutic effects have been widely recognized compared with conventional surgery. However, there have been some controversies regarding the choice between RFA and LA. The objective of our study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the early and long-term outcomes of RFA and LA. METHODS A comprehensive search was performed in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases to identify relevant literature on endovenous thermal ablation for primary LEVV up until June 2023. Randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies involving RFA and LA for LEVV treatment were included. The primary endpoints were the occlusion rate of the great saphenous vein (GSV) and occurrence of venous thrombotic events. Secondary outcomes included nerve injury, hyperpigmentation, burns, recurrence of VVs, postoperative pain, and phlebitis. Data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 software. RESULTS A total of 29 studies met the inclusion criteria, consisting of 16 randomized controlled trials and 13 cohort studies. At 1 month, the occlusion rates of GSV were 98.35% for RFA and 98.04% for LA, whereas at 1 year, the rates were 93.13% for RFA and 94.18% for LA. Subgroup analyses revealed that RFA had higher GSV occlusion rates at 1 year since 2016 (93.27% vs 91.24%; odds ratio [OR], 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-1.83; P = .05). The incidence of postoperative venous thrombotic events was 0.78% for RFA and 0.87% for LA at 1 month (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 0.77-2.74; P = .24). RFA showed a reduced risk of burns and ecchymosis (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.48-0.87; P = .005), postprocedural pain (mean difference, -0.85; 95% CI, -1.06 to -0.64; P < .001), recurrence of VVs (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.36-0.92; P = .02), and paresthesia since 2016 (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.19-0.91; P = .03), but an increased risk of skin pigmentation (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.06-2.9; P = .03) compared with LA therapy. The rate of phlebitis was similar between RFA and LA (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.33-2.27; P = .78). CONCLUSIONS RFA and LA demonstrated similar efficacy in terms of early and long-term occlusion rates of GSV and the incidence of thrombotic and phlebitis complications. However, since 2016, RFA has shown higher GSV occlusion rates compared with LA. Furthermore, RFA was associated with fewer complications such as paresthesia, burns and ecchymosis, and recurrence of VVs when compared with LA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhong Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanying Liang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhen Long
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao Qin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Rujkorakarn P, Zhou A, Babiker F, Chang PY. Suprachoroidal Triamcinolone Injection in Posterior Scleritis: A Case Report. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2024; 32:1494-1497. [PMID: 37450640 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2232447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Suprachoroidal triamcinolone acetonide (SCS-TA) injections were recently approved to treat macular edema secondary to noninfectious uveitis. However, its use in managing posterior scleritis has not been reported. We report the first case of SCS-TA used in the treatment of posterior scleritis. A 67-year-old woman with posterior scleritis complicated by exudative retinal detachment, diagnosed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography scan (OCT), presented with pain, decreased vision, and redness in the left eye for 8 months. She was previously prescribed topical prednisolone and oral prednisone with minimal improvement. She also had a history of rheumatoid arthritis treated with multiple systemic immunosuppressive agents. After SCS-TA, the patient's pain resolved and visual acuity improved. OCT demonstrated significant reduction in sclerochoroidal thickening. Via its novel delivery method, SCS-TA may be an effective treatment for posterior scleritis. Further studies are needed to establish long-term efficacy and safety of this treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ploysai Rujkorakarn
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Suddhavej Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Avery Zhou
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fatima Babiker
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter Y Chang
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
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155
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Castagna A, Schiavon S, Mengozzi G, Baldovin T, Nozza S, Canetti D, Cocchio S, Montuori EA, Iantomasi R, Baldo V. Tick-borne encephalitis seroprevalence in northern Italy: a cross-sectional study on a randomly selected population. IJID REGIONS 2024; 12:100404. [PMID: 39188886 PMCID: PMC11347062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Ixodes ricinus is under-recognized in Europe. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and spatial distribution of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus (TBEV) in areas close to endemic regions in Northern Italy. Methods A multicenter study was conducted on a random sample of the general population afferent to hospitals in Veneto, Lombardy, and Piedmont with a pre-determined sample size of 1500 participants. The presence of TBEV-neutralizing antibodies was determined for sera positive to the TBE-specific immunoglobulin G test in a centralized laboratory. Results Out of 1537 samples analyzed (790 from Lombardy, 394 from Veneto, 353 from Piedmont), 39 (2.5%) were immunoglobulin G TBEV-positive. The frequency of positive cases was similar amid the regions (24-3.0% Lombardy, 10-2.5% Veneto, and 5-1.4% Piedmont; P = 0.27). The seropositivity rates were 3.6% in subjects aged over 50 years, 2.0% in those aged 30-50 years, and 1.5% in subjects aged under 30 years (P = 0.10). Two of them (one from Veneto and one from Lombardy) were confirmed by TBEV neutralization test (prevalence 130 per 100,000). One lived close to an endemic area (Treviso); the other spent time in an endemic region (Friuli) and did not remember experiencing tick bites. Conclusions The results from this study highlight the need for raising awareness among the population and health care workers to limit the risk of TBE infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Castagna
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Schiavon
- Ospedale Cà Foncello di Treviso ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, UOC Microbiologia, Treviso, Italy
| | - Giulio Mengozzi
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Dipartimento di Medicina di Laboratorio, Torino, Italy
| | - Tatjana Baldovin
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Laboratory of Hygiene and Applied Microbiology, Unit of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Nozza
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Diana Canetti
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Cocchio
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Baldo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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156
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Sarfraz Z, Sarfraz A, Farooq MD, Khalid M, Cheema K, Javad F, Khan T, Pervaiz Z, Sarfraz M, Jaan A, Sadiq S, Anwar J. The Current Landscape of Clinical Trials for Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer: A State-of-the-Art Review. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:1026-1057. [PMID: 38976079 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-024-01078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer remains a lethal malignancy with a 5-year survival rate below 6% and about 500,000 deaths annually worldwide. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the most prevalent form, is commonly associated with diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, obesity, and smoking, mainly affecting individuals aged 60 to 80 years. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapeutic approaches in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. METHODS A systematic search was conducted to identify clinical trials (Phases I-III) assessing immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer in PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science, adhering to PRISMA Statement 2020 guidelines. The final search was completed on May 25, 2024. Ongoing trials were sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP). Keywords such as "pancreatic," "immunotherapy," "cancer," and "clinical trial" were used across databases. Gray literature was excluded. RESULTS Phase I trials, involving 337 patients, reported a median overall survival (OS) of 13.6 months (IQR: 5-62.5 months) and a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 5.1 months (IQR: 1.9-11.7 months). Phase II/III trials pooled in a total of 1463 participants had a median OS of 12.2 months (IQR: 2.5-35.55 months) and a median PFS of 8.8 months (IQR: 1.4-33.51 months). CONCLUSIONS Immunotherapy shows potential for extending survival among pancreatic cancer patients, though results vary. The immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment and diverse patient responses underline the need for further research to optimize these therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zouina Sarfraz
- Department of Medicine, Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Queen's Road, Mozang Chungi, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | | | - Musfira Khalid
- Department of Medicine, Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Queen's Road, Mozang Chungi, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Taleah Khan
- CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zainab Pervaiz
- CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Ali Jaan
- Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Junaid Anwar
- Baptist Hospitals of Southeast Texas, Beaumont, TX, USA
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157
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Batra H, Bose PSC, Ding Y, Dai A, Chen H, Albarracin CT, Sun H, Sahin AA, Yang F, Wistuba II, Raso MG. MYB expression by immunohistochemistry is highly specific and sensitive for detection of solid variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast among all triple-negative breast cancers. Histopathology 2024; 85:503-509. [PMID: 38973399 DOI: 10.1111/his.15276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare subtype of triple-negative breast carcinoma. These low-grade tumours, which are treated by simple mastectomy and have an excellent prognosis compared to other triple-negative breast carcinomas. Solid-variant adenoid cystic carcinomas have basaloid features and are difficult to distinguish morphologically from other triple-negative breast cancers. Breast adenoid cystic carcinoma exhibits MYB protein overexpression, which can be detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). AIM We compared the IHC expression of MYB in solid-variant adenoid cystic carcinoma with that in other triple-negative breast cancers. METHODS We conducted IHC staining of 210 samples of triple-negative breast cancers, including solid-variant adenoid cystic carcinoma (n = 17), metaplastic breast carcinoma (n = 44), basaloid triple-negative breast cancer (n = 21), and other triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma (n = 128). We classified nuclear staining of MYB as diffuse/strong (3+), focal moderate (2+), focal weak (1+), or none (0). RESULTS All 17 solid/basaloid adenoid cystic carcinoma cases exhibited 3+ MYB expression. Of the 21 solid/basaloid triple-negative breast cancers, one (5%) had 2+ expression, seven (33%) 1+ expression, and 13 (62%) 0 expression. Of the 44 metaplastic carcinoma cases, 39 cases (89%) had no (0) staining, and the other five cases had focal weak (1+) or moderate (2+) staining. Among the 128 triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma cases, 92 cases (72%) had no (0) staining, 36 cases (28%) exhibited focal weak (1+) or moderate (2+) staining. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed diffuse/strong MYB staining (3+) only in solid/basaloid adenoid cystic carcinomas. Thus, we recommend routine MYB IHC staining in triple-negative breast carcinoma with solid/basaloid morphology to improve diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Batra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Priya S C Bose
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yang Ding
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alan Dai
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Constance T Albarracin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hongxia Sun
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aysegul A Sahin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maria G Raso
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Shi D, Yang B, Zhao T, Sun W, Cui H, Kang Y. The Hanks-like serine/threonine protein kinase YihE is crucial for Aeromonas veronii virulence and adhesion. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2024; 47:e13986. [PMID: 38879868 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii is an important pathogen found in various aquatic environments and products, posing a threat to public health. The Hanks-like serine/threonine protein kinase is closely linked to the pathogenesis of pathogenic bacteria, but the exact role of YihE in A. veronii remains still unknown. To study the specific function of the YihE kinase, we constructed a knockout mutant of the yihE gene in A. veronii. The deletion of the yihE gene resulted in changes to the metabolism of L-arginine-AMC and acetic acid, as well as enhanced resistance to ampicillin and kanamycin in A. veronii. Additionally, the ΔyihE strain demonstrated a 1.4-fold increase in biofilm formation ability and a 1.8-fold decrease in adhesion and invasion to EPCs when compared to the wild-type strain. A significant decrease in cytotoxicity was observed at 2 and 3 h post-infection with EPCs compared to the wild-type strain. Additionally, the deletion of the yihE gene was associated with a significant decrease in motility of the strain. Furthermore, the deletion of the yihE gene resulted in a 1.44-fold increase in the LD50 of A. veronii in zebrafish. These findings offer valuable insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of A. veronii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries Research Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Bintong Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenchao Sun
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory for Virology and Immunology, Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haiying Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecological Agent, Tai'an, China
| | - Yuanhuan Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecological Agent, Tai'an, China
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159
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Ganapathy A, Mohakud S, Rout S, Joy P, Alagappan A, Manokaran A. A radio-anatomical study of median arcuate ligament syndrome: unveiling the morphology and morphometry of median arcuate ligament, celiac trunk, and superior mesenteric artery. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024; 49:3297-3308. [PMID: 38494467 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-024-04231-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the context of medical literature, a significant lacuna exists in understanding median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS). While clinical aspects are well documented, literature lacks a robust exploration of the anatomical relationship between the celiac trunk and the median arcuate ligament (MAL). METHODS Morphometric parameters, including the vertebral level of MAL origin, MAL thickness, celiac trunk (CeT) origin level, diameter, and distances between CeT/Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) and the MAL center were observed on 250 CT angiograms. Cadavers (n = 11) were dissected to examine the same parameters and histo-morphological examination of MAL tissue was done. RESULTS Radiological findings established average MAL thickness of 7.79 ± 2.58 mm. The celiac trunk typically originated at T12. The average distance between the celiac trunk and the MAL center was 1.32 ± 2.04 mm. The angle of the celiac trunk to the abdominal aorta was primarily obtuse. The average celiac trunk diameter was 5.53 ± 1.33 mm. Histological examinations revealed a diverse MAL composition, indicating variable mechanical properties. CONCLUSION This study provides comprehensive morphometric data on the anatomical relationship between the MAL and the celiac trunk. In contrast to available literature which says the average MAL thickness of > 4 mm is an indicator of increased thickness, we observed much higher average thickness in the studied population. The findings contribute to a better understanding of normal anatomical variations which can serve as reference values for accurate radiological diagnosis of MALS. The histological examination revealed the heterogeneous nature of the MAL tissue composition, suggesting variable mechanical properties and functions in different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthi Ganapathy
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sudipta Mohakud
- Department of Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sipra Rout
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Praisy Joy
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Alamelu Alagappan
- Department of Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Aarthi Manokaran
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
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Vidović Juras D, Ivković I, Hećimović A, Gjadrov Kuveždić K, Andabak Rogulj A, Lončar Brzak B, Brailo V, Škrinjar I, Špiljak B. Unusual parotid gland and sublingual mucosa swelling in a 48-year-old woman. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 138:339-345. [PMID: 38926043 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Danica Vidović Juras
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Clinical Department of Oral Diseases, Dental Clinic, University Hospital Centre (UHC) Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Irena Ivković
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, UHC Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Hećimović
- Clinic for Respiratory Diseases, UHC Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Ana Andabak Rogulj
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Clinical Department of Oral Diseases, Dental Clinic, University Hospital Centre (UHC) Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Božana Lončar Brzak
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vlaho Brailo
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Clinical Department of Oral Diseases, Dental Clinic, University Hospital Centre (UHC) Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Škrinjar
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Clinical Department of Oral Diseases, Dental Clinic, University Hospital Centre (UHC) Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bruno Špiljak
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Kim Y, Lim J, Oh J. Taming neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: The protective role of phytochemicals through the gut-brain axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117277. [PMID: 39126772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive degenerative neurological condition characterized by cognitive decline, primarily affecting memory and logical thinking, attributed to amyloid-β plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain, leading to neuronal loss and brain atrophy. Neuroinflammation, a hallmark of AD, involves the activation of microglia and astrocytes in response to pathological changes, potentially exacerbating neuronal damage. The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication pathway between the gastrointestinal and central nervous systems, crucial for maintaining brain health. Phytochemicals, natural compounds found in plants with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, such as flavonoids, curcumin, resveratrol, and quercetin, have emerged as potential modulators of this axis, suggesting implications for AD prevention. Intake of phytochemicals influences the gut microbial composition and its metabolites, thereby impacting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the brain. Consumption of phytochemical-rich foods may promote a healthy gut microbiota, fostering the production of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective substances. Early dietary incorporation of phytochemicals offers a non-invasive strategy for modulating the gut-brain axis and potentially reducing AD risk or delaying its onset. The exploration of interventions targeting the gut-brain axis through phytochemical intake represents a promising avenue for the development of preventive or therapeutic strategies against AD initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsu Kim
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyu Lim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jisun Oh
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea.
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162
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Kaiser JH, Zhang C, Kamel H, Navi BB, Razzak J, Liberman AL. Stroke Risk After Emergency Department Treat-and-Release Visit for a Fall. Stroke 2024; 55:2247-2253. [PMID: 38994584 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.124.046988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous cohort studies of hospitalized patients with a delayed diagnosis of ischemic stroke found that these patients often had an initial emergency department (ED) diagnosis of a fall. We sought to evaluate whether ED visits for a fall resulting in discharge to home (ie, treat-and-release visits) were associated with increased short-term ischemic stroke risk. METHODS A case-crossover design was used to compare ED visits for falls during case periods (0-15, 16-30, 31-90, and 91-180 days before stroke) and control periods (equivalent time periods exactly 1 year before stroke) using administrative data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project on all hospital admissions and ED visits across 10 states from 2016 to 2020. To identify ED treat-and-release visits for a fall and patients hospitalized for acute ischemic stroke, we used previously validated International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Odds ratios and 95% CIs were calculated using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS Among 90 592 hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke, 5230 (5.8%) had an ED treat-and-release visit for a fall within 180 days before their stroke. Patients with an ED treat-and-release visit for a fall were older (mean age, 74.7 [SD, 14.6] versus 70.8 [SD, 15.1] years), more often female (61.9% versus 53.4%), and had higher rates of vascular comorbidities than other patients with stroke. ED treat-and-release visits for a fall were significantly more common in the 15 days before stroke compared with the 15-day control period 1 year earlier (odds ratio, 2.7 [95% CI, 2.4-3.1]). The association between stroke and a preceding ED treat-and-release visit for a fall decreased in magnitude with increasing temporal distance from stroke. CONCLUSIONS ED treat-and-release visits for a fall are associated with significantly increased short-term ischemic stroke risk. These visits may be opportunities to improve stroke diagnostic accuracy and treatment in the ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed H Kaiser
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Department of Neurology, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (J.H.K., C.Z., H.K., B.B.N., A.L.L.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Cenai Zhang
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Department of Neurology, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (J.H.K., C.Z., H.K., B.B.N., A.L.L.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Hooman Kamel
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Department of Neurology, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (J.H.K., C.Z., H.K., B.B.N., A.L.L.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Babak B Navi
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Department of Neurology, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (J.H.K., C.Z., H.K., B.B.N., A.L.L.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Junaid Razzak
- Department of Emergency Medicine (J.R.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Ava L Liberman
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Department of Neurology, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (J.H.K., C.Z., H.K., B.B.N., A.L.L.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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Meester S, Balcik BJ, Chill N, Lockrem J, Monseau AJ. Image Timing After COVID-19 Infection in Athletes. Sports Health 2024; 16:744-749. [PMID: 37981802 PMCID: PMC11346231 DOI: 10.1177/19417381231212470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has significantly impacted National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletics, with specific concerns for cardiac involvement after infection. Pericardial abnormalities have been seen in up to 39.5% of athletes after COVID-19 infection, while myocardial involvement has been reported at a lower rate of 2.7%. To date, myocardial injury has been seen in 0.6% to 0.7% of athletes when using symptom screening and imaging as clinically indicated, which increases to 2.3% to 3.0% when all athletes with COVID-19 undergo cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. PURPOSE This study will examine whether there exists an ideal time from positive COVID-19 results to obtaining imaging to increase the likelihood of finding abnormalities. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3. METHODS NCAA athletes at West Virginia University who were found to be COVID-19 positive on routine screening were required to undergo echocardiography (ECG) and CMR. These data were reviewed by cardiology and determined to be normal or abnormal. Statistical analysis with logistic regression and descriptive statistics was performed to evaluate whether a time existed where abnormalities on imaging were most likely to be found. RESULTS A total of 41 athletes were included in this study. ECG was performed earlier on average than CMR imaging, at 18.2 days versus 27.5 days. No significant difference was found in timing from COVID-19 infection diagnosis and abnormalities seen on imaging for either ECG or CMR imaging. CONCLUSION The risk of cardiac involvement in athletes in the setting of COVID-19 has already been documented. This study suggests that imaging timing is independent of cardiac involvement with no correlation to specific time periods where more abnormalities may be found. However, CMR imaging showing changes at day 54 after infection suggests cardiac findings can be seen months after imaging. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Cardiac imaging for athletes after contracting COVID-19 does not show a significant relationship to time of imaging. However, given the cardiac involvement seen months after diagnosis, further examination of prolonged cardiac effects must be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Meester
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Brenden J. Balcik
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Nicholas Chill
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Justin Lockrem
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Aaron J. Monseau
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
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Shen J, Sheng H, He H, Sun C, Han X, Zhu X, Wang C, Shen R, Ye Q, Yuan X, Zhao Q, Yang N, Wang J, Lu T, Chen D, Chen D, Lin J, Shao X. A randomized prospective study comparing the effect of low-volume bowel preparations for colonoscopy preparation in China. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:1112-1119. [PMID: 39054602 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2383276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of sodium picosulfate/magnesium citrate (SPMC) and 3 L split-dose polyethylene glycol (PEG) with or without dimethicone on bowel preparation before colonoscopy. METHODS In this multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled study conducted from April 2021 to December 2021, consecutive adult patients scheduled for colonoscopy were prospectively randomized into four groups: SPMC, SPMC plus dimethicone, 3 L PEG, and 3 L PEG plus dimethicone. Primary endpoint was colon cleansing based on Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS). Secondary endpoints were bubble score, time to cecal intubation, adenoma detection rate (ADR), patient safety and compliance, and adverse events. RESULTS We enrolled 223 and 291 patients in SPMC and 3 L PEG group, respectively. The proportion with acceptable bowel cleansing, total BBPS score and cecal intubation time were similar in all four subgroups (p > 0.05). Patient-reported acceptability and tolerability was significantly greater in SPMC than 3 L PEG group (p < 0.001); adverse events were significantly lower in SPMC than latter group (p < 0.001). ADR in both groups was greater than 30%. CONCLUSION SPMC had significantly higher acceptability and tolerability than 3 L PEG, however, was similar in terms of bowel-cleansing effect and cecal intubation time and hence can be used before colonoscopy preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Sheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangshan County First People's Hospital Medical Health Group, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Yinzhou Anorectal Hospital Co., Ltd, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changbo Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of TCM, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xufeng Han
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Yuyao Hospital of TCM, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianjie Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ninghai County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunwei Wang
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruiwei Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qunqun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaogang Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nuonan Yang
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dahua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jieqiong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaona Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Shrivastava RKP, Shrivastava A. Swallowed secrets - Plastic bezoar-induced gastric outlet obstruction in a 14-year-old girl: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 122:110075. [PMID: 39094318 PMCID: PMC11345920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.110075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is a rare but serious condition that can arise from various etiologies, including foreign body ingestion. We present a unique case of GOO in a 14-year-old girl resulting from the accumulation of plastic materials, known as a plastic bezoar, due to pica behavior. CASE PRESENTATION A 14-year-old girl with a history of pica presented with symptoms suggestive of acute gastric obstruction. Imaging studies revealed the presence of a large foreign body extending from the stomach to the jejunum, consistent with a plastic bezoar. Despite attempts at endoscopic removal, surgical intervention was ultimately required due to the size and location of the bezoar. DISCUSSION This case underscores the challenges associated with diagnosing and managing gastric outlet obstruction secondary to plastic bezoar formation, particularly in pediatric patients with underlying pica behavior. The diagnostic workup involved a multidisciplinary approach, including imaging studies and endoscopic evaluation. Surgical intervention, although invasive, proved necessary for definitive treatment in this case. Postoperative care focused on monitoring for complications and addressing the underlying pica behavior through psychological intervention and support. CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of early recognition, thorough diagnostic evaluation, and prompt intervention to prevent complications and ensure favorable outcomes. Collaborative efforts between medical and surgical teams are essential for the comprehensive management of such cases, emphasizing the need for tailored approaches to address both the physical and psychological aspects of care.
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Hsu CY, Faisal A, Jumaa SS, Gilmanova NS, Ubaid M, Athab AH, Mirzaei R, Karampoor S. Exploring the impact of circRNAs on cancer glycolysis: Insights into tumor progression and therapeutic strategies. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:970-994. [PMID: 38770106 PMCID: PMC11103225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit altered metabolic pathways, prominently featuring enhanced glycolytic activity to sustain their rapid growth and proliferation. Dysregulation of glycolysis is a well-established hallmark of cancer and contributes to tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Increased glycolysis supplies the energy necessary for increased proliferation and creates an acidic milieu, which in turn encourages tumor cells' infiltration, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as pivotal players in diverse biological processes, including cancer development and metabolic reprogramming. The interplay between circRNAs and glycolysis is explored, illuminating how circRNAs regulate key glycolysis-associated genes and enzymes, thereby influencing tumor metabolic profiles. In this overview, we highlight the mechanisms by which circRNAs regulate glycolytic enzymes and modulate glycolysis. In addition, we discuss the clinical implications of dysregulated circRNAs in cancer glycolysis, including their potential use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. All in all, in this overview, we provide the most recent findings on how circRNAs operate at the molecular level to control glycolysis in various types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), prostate cancer (PCa), colorectal cancer (CRC), cervical cancer (CC), glioma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, and gastric cancer (GC). In conclusion, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the significance of circRNAs in cancer glycolysis, shedding light on their intricate roles in tumor development and presenting innovative therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chou-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan City, 71710, Taiwan
- Thunderbird School of Global Management, Arizona State University Tempe Campus, Phoenix, Arizona, 85004, USA
| | - Ahmed Faisal
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Noor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
| | - Sally Salih Jumaa
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Nataliya Sergeevna Gilmanova
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russia, Moscow
| | - Mohammed Ubaid
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Aya H. Athab
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom & Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal & Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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167
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Jeon CY, Arain MA, Korc M, Kozarek RA, Phillips AE. Bidirectional relationship between acute pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2024; 40:431-438. [PMID: 38935270 PMCID: PMC11305936 DOI: 10.1097/mog.0000000000001051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The burdens of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and acute pancreatitis are increasing globally. We reviewed current literature on whether acute pancreatitis is a causal factor for PDAC and examined clinical manifestations of PDAC-associated acute pancreatitis. RECENT FINDINGS Recent findings detail the timing of acute pancreatitis before and after PDAC occurrence, further solidifying the evidence for PDAC-associated acute pancreatitis and for acute pancreatitis as a causal risk factor for PDAC. The risk of PDAC remains elevated above the general population in patients with distant history of acute pancreatitis. PDAC risk also increases with recurrent acute pancreatitis episodes, independent of smoking and alcohol. Mechanisms linking acute pancreatitis to PDAC include inflammation and neutrophil infiltration, which can be attenuated by suppressing inflammation and/or epigenetic modulation, thus slowing the progression of acinar-to-ductal metaplasia. Clinical presentation and management of acute pancreatitis in the context of PDAC are discussed, including challenges acute pancreatitis poses in the diagnosis and treatment of PDAC, and novel interventions for PDAC-associated acute pancreatitis. SUMMARY PDAC risk may be reduced with improved acute pancreatitis prevention and treatment, such as antiinflammatories or epigenetic modulators. Increased acute pancreatitis and PDAC burden warrant more research on better diagnosis and management of PDAC-associated acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie Y. Jeon
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048
| | - Mustafa A. Arain
- Center for Interventional Endoscopy, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32803
| | - Murray Korc
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | | | - Anna E. Phillips
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
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Ibrahim MA, Mowoh DP, Al Khadem M, Abbas M, Khaitan L. Long-term outcomes of magnetic sphincter augmentation in sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass patients: a comprehensive analysis. Surg Endosc 2024; 38:5343-5349. [PMID: 39030413 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-024-11059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Management of gastroesophageal reflux disease after bariatric procedures can be challenging. There are very few long-term studies in this arena. This study aims to evaluate the long-term outcomes of the magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) reflux management system in a cohort of bariatric patients who had previously undergone sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, with a focus on assessing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) scores, medication use, and patient-reported symptoms. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of 16 consecutive bariatric patients who received MSA implants following sleeve gastrectomy (n = 14) or gastric bypass (n = 2) surgeries. Data were collected regarding BMI, GERD quality of life assessments (GERD-HRQL), reflux symptoms, and use of PPIs in the sleeve/RGB patients through an extended period with a mean follow-up of 48 months. RESULTS Patients were followed up for a range of .5-84 months. Preoperative assessments included upper gastrointestinal imaging (UGI), high-resolution manometry, Bravo pH studies, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Three patients exhibited reflux on UGI, and 13/13 patients had positive Bravo studies preoperatively. Sixteen patients had a lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure under 18 mmHg, and eight patients had biopsy-proven esophagitis. Long-term outcomes are as follows. Daily PPI use fell from 88 to 25% at greater than three years. GERD-HRQL scores fell from 50.6 at baseline (range 27-70) and normalized at long-term follow-up. GERD symptom of regurgitation completely resolved. At long term, two patients had dysphagia and two patients had ongoing reflux. No adverse events were noted. CONCLUSION This is the first long-term outcomes study of magnetic sphincter augmentation placement after bariatric surgery. Our study showed the majority of patients had long-term improvement in GERD-HRQL scores and resolution/ relief of their reflux symptoms, with decreased use of PPIs. MSA is a safe, effective and durable management tool for reflux after bariatric surgery in carefully selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina A Ibrahim
- Department of Surgery, Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University Hospitals, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44121, USA.
| | - Daniel P Mowoh
- Department of Surgery, Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University Hospitals, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44121, USA
| | - Mai Al Khadem
- Department of Surgery, Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University Hospitals, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44121, USA
| | - Mujjahid Abbas
- Department of Surgery, Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University Hospitals, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44121, USA
| | - Leena Khaitan
- Department of Surgery, Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University Hospitals, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44121, USA
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Ruiz-Santiago C, Rodríguez-Pinacho CV, Pérez-Sánchez G, Acosta-Cruz E. Effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on endocrine system (Review). Biomed Rep 2024; 21:128. [PMID: 39070109 PMCID: PMC11273194 DOI: 10.3892/br.2024.1816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are typically prescribed for treating major depressive disorder (MDD) due to their high efficacy. These drugs function by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin [also termed 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)], which raises the levels of 5-HT in the synaptic cleft, leading to prolonged activation of postsynaptic 5-HT receptors. Despite the therapeutic benefits of SSRIs, this mechanism of action also disturbs the neuroendocrine response. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity is strongly linked to both MDD and the response to antidepressants, owing to the intricate interplay within the serotonergic system, which regulates feeding, water intake, sexual drive, reproduction and circadian rhythms. The aim of the present review was to provide up-to-date evidence for the proposed effects of SSRIs, such as fluoxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, paroxetine, sertraline and fluvoxamine, on the endocrine system. For this purpose, the literature related to the effects of SSRIs on the endocrine system was searched using the PubMed database. According to the available literature, SSRIs may have an adverse effect on glucose metabolism, sexual function and fertility by dysregulating the function of the HPA axis, pancreas and gonads. Therefore, considering that SSRIs are often prescribed for extended periods, it is crucial to monitor the patient closely with particular attention to the function of the endocrine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ruiz-Santiago
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Saltillo Coahuila 25280, México
| | | | - Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Psychoimmunology, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, México City 14370, México
| | - Erika Acosta-Cruz
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Saltillo Coahuila 25280, México
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Malik S, Sikander M, Wahid M, Dhasmana A, Sarwat M, Khan S, Cobos E, Yallapu MM, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC. Deciphering cellular and molecular mechanism of MUC13 mucin involved in cancer cell plasticity and drug resistance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:981-999. [PMID: 38498072 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10177-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
There has been a surge of interest in recent years in understanding the intricate mechanisms underlying cancer progression and treatment resistance. One molecule that has recently emerged in these mechanisms is MUC13 mucin, a transmembrane glycoprotein. Researchers have begun to unravel the molecular complexity of MUC13 and its impact on cancer biology. Studies have shown that MUC13 overexpression can disrupt normal cellular polarity, leading to the acquisition of malignant traits. Furthermore, MUC13 has been associated with increased cancer plasticity, allowing cells to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasize. Notably, MUC13 has also been implicated in the development of chemoresistance, rendering cancer cells less responsive to traditional treatment options. Understanding the precise role of MUC13 in cellular plasticity, and chemoresistance could pave the way for the development of targeted therapies to combat cancer progression and enhance treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Malik
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Mohammed Sikander
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Mohd Wahid
- Unit of Research and Scientific Studies, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, University of Jazan, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Maryam Sarwat
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Sheema Khan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Everardo Cobos
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA.
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA.
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Venkatesh SK, Harper KC, Borhani AA, Furlan A, Thompson SM, Chen EZM, Idilman IS, Miller FH, Hoodeshenas S, Navin PJ, Gu CN, Welle CL, Torbenson MS. Hepatic Sinusoidal Disorders. Radiographics 2024; 44:e240006. [PMID: 39146204 DOI: 10.1148/rg.240006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Hepatic sinusoids are highly specialized microcirculatory conduits within the hepatic lobules that facilitate liver functions. The sinusoids can be affected by various disorders, including sinusoidal dilatation, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), sinusoidal cellular infiltration, perisinusoidal infiltration, and endothelial neoplasms, such as hemangioendothelioma and angiosarcoma. While these disorders, particularly SOS and neoplasms, can be life threatening, their clinical manifestation is often nonspecific. Patients may present with right upper quadrant pain, jaundice, hepatomegaly, ascites, splenomegaly, and unexplained weight gain, although the exact manifestation depends on the cause, severity, and duration of the disease. Ultimately, invasive tests may be necessary to establish the diagnosis. A comprehensive understanding of imaging manifestations of various sinusoidal disorders contributes to early diagnosis and can help radiologists detect subclinical disease. Additionally, specific imaging features may assist in identifying the cause of the disorder, leading to a more focused and quicker workup. For example, a mosaic pattern of enhancement of the liver parenchyma is suggestive of sinusoidal dilatation; peripheral and patchy reticular hypointensity of the liver parenchyma on hepatobiliary MR images is characteristic of SOS; and associated diffuse multiple hyperintensities on diffusion-weighted images may be specific for malignant sinusoidal cellular infiltration. The authors provide an overview of the pathogenesis, clinical features, and imaging appearances of various hepatic sinusoidal disorders, with a special emphasis on SOS. ©RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar K Venkatesh
- From the Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (S.K.V., K.C.H., S.M.T., S.H., P.J.N., C.N.G., C.L.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (K.C.H.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill (A.A.B.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F., F.H.M.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (E.Z.M.C., M.S.T.); and Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (I.S.I.)
| | - Kelly C Harper
- From the Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (S.K.V., K.C.H., S.M.T., S.H., P.J.N., C.N.G., C.L.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (K.C.H.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill (A.A.B.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F., F.H.M.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (E.Z.M.C., M.S.T.); and Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (I.S.I.)
| | - Amir A Borhani
- From the Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (S.K.V., K.C.H., S.M.T., S.H., P.J.N., C.N.G., C.L.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (K.C.H.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill (A.A.B.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F., F.H.M.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (E.Z.M.C., M.S.T.); and Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (I.S.I.)
| | - Alessandro Furlan
- From the Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (S.K.V., K.C.H., S.M.T., S.H., P.J.N., C.N.G., C.L.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (K.C.H.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill (A.A.B.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F., F.H.M.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (E.Z.M.C., M.S.T.); and Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (I.S.I.)
| | - Scott M Thompson
- From the Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (S.K.V., K.C.H., S.M.T., S.H., P.J.N., C.N.G., C.L.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (K.C.H.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill (A.A.B.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F., F.H.M.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (E.Z.M.C., M.S.T.); and Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (I.S.I.)
| | - Eric Z M Chen
- From the Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (S.K.V., K.C.H., S.M.T., S.H., P.J.N., C.N.G., C.L.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (K.C.H.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill (A.A.B.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F., F.H.M.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (E.Z.M.C., M.S.T.); and Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (I.S.I.)
| | - Ilkay S Idilman
- From the Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (S.K.V., K.C.H., S.M.T., S.H., P.J.N., C.N.G., C.L.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (K.C.H.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill (A.A.B.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F., F.H.M.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (E.Z.M.C., M.S.T.); and Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (I.S.I.)
| | - Frank H Miller
- From the Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (S.K.V., K.C.H., S.M.T., S.H., P.J.N., C.N.G., C.L.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (K.C.H.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill (A.A.B.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F., F.H.M.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (E.Z.M.C., M.S.T.); and Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (I.S.I.)
| | - Safa Hoodeshenas
- From the Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (S.K.V., K.C.H., S.M.T., S.H., P.J.N., C.N.G., C.L.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (K.C.H.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill (A.A.B.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F., F.H.M.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (E.Z.M.C., M.S.T.); and Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (I.S.I.)
| | - Patrick J Navin
- From the Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (S.K.V., K.C.H., S.M.T., S.H., P.J.N., C.N.G., C.L.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (K.C.H.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill (A.A.B.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F., F.H.M.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (E.Z.M.C., M.S.T.); and Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (I.S.I.)
| | - Chris N Gu
- From the Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (S.K.V., K.C.H., S.M.T., S.H., P.J.N., C.N.G., C.L.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (K.C.H.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill (A.A.B.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F., F.H.M.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (E.Z.M.C., M.S.T.); and Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (I.S.I.)
| | - Christopher L Welle
- From the Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (S.K.V., K.C.H., S.M.T., S.H., P.J.N., C.N.G., C.L.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (K.C.H.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill (A.A.B.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F., F.H.M.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (E.Z.M.C., M.S.T.); and Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (I.S.I.)
| | - Michael S Torbenson
- From the Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (S.K.V., K.C.H., S.M.T., S.H., P.J.N., C.N.G., C.L.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (K.C.H.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill (A.A.B.); Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.F., F.H.M.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (E.Z.M.C., M.S.T.); and Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (I.S.I.)
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172
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Kosmopoulos M, Liatsou Ε, Theochari C, Stavropoulos A, Chatzopoulou D, Mylonas KS, Georgiopoulos G, Schizas D. Updates on the Global Prevalence and Etiology of Constrictive Pericarditis: A Systematic Review. Cardiol Rev 2024; 32:417-422. [PMID: 36883817 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Constrictive pericarditis is a rare disease with poorly understood epidemiology. A systematic literature search was adopted to assess the region- and period-specific traits of constrictive pericarditis through Pubmed, EMBASE, and Scopus. Case reports and studies including less than 20 patients were excluded. The risk of bias was assessed through the Study Quality Assessment Tools developed by the National Heart Lung Blood Institute by 4 reviewers. Patient demographics, disease etiology, and mortality were the primary assessed outcomes. One hundred thirty studies with 11,325 patients have been included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The age at diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis has markedly increased after 1990. Patients from Africa and Asia are considerably younger compared with those from Europe and North America. Moreover, there are differences in etiology, as tuberculosis remains the dominant cause of constrictive pericarditis in Africa and Asia but has been surpassed by history of previous chest surgery in North America and Europe. The human immunodeficiency virus affects 29.1% of patients from Africa diagnosed with constrictive pericarditis, a feature that is not observed on any other continent. The early mortality rate after hospitalization has improved. The variances of age at diagnosis and etiology of constrictive pericarditis should be considered by the clinician during the work-up of cardiac and pericardial diseases. An underlying human immunodeficiency virus infection complicates a significant portion of constrictive pericarditis cases in Africa. Early mortality has improved across the world but remains high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinos Kosmopoulos
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Εfstathia Liatsou
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Theochari
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital Sotiria, Athens, Greece
| | - Amalia Stavropoulos
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Despoina Chatzopoulou
- Department of Surgery, General Surgery, Frimley Health NHS Trust, Frimley, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Georgios Georgiopoulos
- Department of Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens - Faculty of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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173
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Yuksel Y, Yildiz C, Kose S. Assessment of Predictive Value of SYNTAX-II Score for Adverse Cardiac Events and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome. Angiology 2024; 75:754-763. [PMID: 37295413 DOI: 10.1177/00033197231181958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Prognostic information is important for the management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Our aim was to evaluate Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score-II (SSII) for predicting contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) and one-year major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in ACS patients. Coronary angiographic recordings of 1304 ACS patients were retrospectively examined. Predictive values of SYNTAX score (SS), SSII-percutaneous coronary intervention (SSII-PCI), SSII-coronary artery bypass graft (SSII-CABG) scores for CIN and MACE were assessed. Combination of CIN and MACE ratios constituted primary composite end-point. Patients with SSII-PCI scores >32.55 were compared with patients with lower scores. All of the three scoring systems predicted the composite primary end-point [SS: Area under the curve (AUC): .718, P < .001 (95% CI: .689-.747), SSII-PCI: AUC: .824, P < .001 (95% CI: .800-.849), SSII-CABG: AUC: .778, P < .001 (95% CI: .751-.805)]. Comparison of AUC of receiver operating characteristic curves showed that SSII-PCI score had better predictive value than that of SS and SSII-CABG scores. In multivariate analysis, the only predictor of the primary composite end-point was SSII-PCI score (odds ratio: 1.126, 95% CI: 1.107-1.146, P < .001). SSII-PCI score was a valuable tool for prediction of shock, CABG, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, development of CIN and one-year mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Yuksel
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cennet Yildiz
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sennur Kose
- Department of Nephrology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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174
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Bhushan R, Ramesh AK, Grover V. Delayed traumatic left ventricular pseudoaneurysm: diagnostic challenges and surgical management. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 40:621-625. [PMID: 39156074 PMCID: PMC11329469 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-024-01729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular (LV) pseudoaneurysms are uncommon, with traumatic cases being particularly rare. We present a case of a 26-year-old male with a delayed presentation of a traumatic LV pseudoaneurysm, 2 years post-blunt chest trauma. The patient experienced New York Heart Association (NYHA) grade 2 dyspnea, which prompted the investigation. Imaging studies, including X-ray, echocardiogram, and cardiac computed tomography (CT), revealed a large pseudoaneurysm arising from the LV apex, containing intramural thrombus. The surgical intervention involved the closure of the communicating orifice and on-lay pericardial patch placement. This case emphasizes the diagnostic challenges and successful management of traumatic LV pseudoaneurysms. Early detection through imaging and prompt surgical intervention led to a favorable outcome. This report contributes to understanding post-traumatic pseudoaneurysms and underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in their management. Further studies are needed to refine diagnostic and treatment strategies for this rare condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Bhushan
- Department of CTVS, ABVIMS and Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, 110001 India
| | | | - Vijay Grover
- Department of CTVS, ABVIMS and Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, 110001 India
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175
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He R, Zhang K, Li H, Fu S, Chen Z, Gu M. Impact of Charlson Comorbidity Index on in-hospital mortality of patients with hyperglycemic crises: A propensity score matching analysis. J Eval Clin Pract 2024; 30:977-988. [PMID: 38713640 DOI: 10.1111/jep.14005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study was designed to investigate the association between Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and in-hospital mortality and other clinical outcomes among patients with hyperglycemic crises. METHOD This retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from electric medical records. A total of 1668 diabetic patients with hyperglycemic crises from six tertiary hospitals met the inclusion criteria. CCI < 4 was defined as low CCI and CCI ≥ 4 was defined as high CCI. Propensity score matching (PSM) with the 1:1 nearest neighbour matching method and the caliper value of 0.02 was used to match the baseline characteristics of patients with high CCI and low CCI to reduce the confounding bias. In-hospital mortality, ICU admission, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, acute kidney injury, length of stay (LOS), and hospitalisation expense between low CCI and high CCI were compared and assessed. Univariate and multivariate regression were applied to estimate the impact of CCI on in-hospital and other clinical outcomes. OUTCOME One hundred twenty-one hyperglycemic crisis (HC) patients died with a mortality rate of 7.3%. After PSM, compared with low CCI, patients with high CCI suffered higher in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, LOS, and hospitalisation expenses. After multivariate regression, age (aOR: 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-1.18, p < 0.001), CCI(aOR: 4.42, 95% CI: 1.56-12.53, p = 0.005), uninsured (aOR: 22.32, 95% CI: 4.26-116.94, p < 0.001), shock (aOR: 10.57, 95% CI: 1.41-79.09, p = 0.022), mechanical ventilation (aOR: 75.29, 95% CI: 12.37-458.28, p < 0.001), and hypertension (aOR: 4.34, 95% CI: 1.37-13.82, p = 0.013) were independent risk factors of in-hospital mortality of HC patients. Besides, high CCI was an independent risk factor for higher ICU Admission (aOR: 5.91, 95% CI: 2.31-15.08, p < 0.001), hypoglycemia (aOR: 2.19, 95% CI:1.01-4.08, p = 0.049), longer LOS (aOR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.19-2.27, p = 0.021), and higher hospitalisation expense (aOR: 2089.97, 95% CI: 193.33-3988.61, p = 0.031) of HC patients. CONCLUSION CCI is associated with in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, hypoglycemia, LOS, and hospitalisation expense of HC patients. CCI could be an ideal indicator to identify, monitor, and manage chronic comorbidities among HC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kebiao Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shimin Fu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Manping Gu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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176
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Lei H, Sun W, Liu X, Wang C. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Pembrolizumab Induced Gastritis: A Systematic Review of the Literature. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:1-8. [PMID: 38787493 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-024-01067-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pembrolizumab is associated with the development of gastritis, but its clinical features have not been characterized. To explore the clinical features of pembrolizumab induced gastritis and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of gastritis. METHODS Case reports and case series related to pembrolizumab induced gastritis were retrospectively analyzed by searching the database from inception to September 30, 2023. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients with gastritis entered the study with a median age of 63 years (range 34, 81). The median time to gastritis was 11.1 months (range 0.3, 60) and 7 cycles (range 1, 27) after administration. Epigastric pain (24 cases, 61.5%), nausea (17 cases, 43.6%), and vomiting (16 cases, 41.0%) were the most frequently complained symptoms. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy mainly showed erythematous (16 cases, 41.0%), hemorrhage (14 cases, 35.9%) and erosions (11 cases, 28.2%). Gastric mucosal biopsy shows chronic active gastritis with lymphocytic infiltration. These patients' symptoms and gastric mucosa improved or recovered after receiving systemic steroid and proton pump inhibitor therapy regardless of whether pembrolizumab was discontinued. These patients' symptoms and gastric mucosa improved or recovered after treatment with systemic steroids, proton pump inhibitors, and biological agents. CONCLUSIONS Gastritis is an extremely rare adverse effect of pembrolizumab. When patients receiving pembrolizumab complain of abdominal symptoms, endoscopy, tissue biopsy, and immunohistochemical staining should be actively performed for early identification and diagnosis of gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Lei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, No. 120 Heping Road, Yuhu District, Xiangtan, 411100, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, YueLu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, No. 120 Heping Road, Yuhu District, Xiangtan, 411100, Hunan, China.
| | - Chunjiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, YueLu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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Katakura T, Shirai T, Sato H, Ishii T, Fujii H. Successful management of interstitial lung disease in dermatomyositis complicated by malignancy: a case-based review. Rheumatol Int 2024; 44:1781-1788. [PMID: 37682289 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-023-05442-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Dermatomyositis (DM) is associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and malignancy. However, the coexistence of ILD and malignancy (DM-ILD-malignancy) is rare, and limited information exists regarding its management. Herein, we report the case of a 70-year-old man who developed DM with rapidly progressive ILD and advanced gastric cancer and provide a literature review of managing DM-ILD-malignancy. The patient presented with typical DM skin rashes and shortness of breath, which worsened within 1 month, without muscular symptoms. Additionally, the patient tested negative for myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs). Computed tomography revealed ILD and advanced gastric cancer, which was confirmed on endoscopic examination to be a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Although the patient's ILD progressed rapidly, surgical treatment of the cancer was prioritized. Prednisolone (PSL) 0.5 mg/kg was initiated 3 days before surgery and increased to 1 mg/kg at 7 days postoperative. Remarkable improvement in the skin rash and ILD was observed, and the PSL dose was tapered without immunosuppressants. A literature review revealed that anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 and anti-aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetase antibodies are the predominant MSAs in DM-ILD-malignancy, and the optimal treatment should be determined based on several factors, including ILD patterns, and malignancy type and stage. In particular, lung cancer may be a risk factor for the acute exacerbation of ILD, and preceding immunosuppression would be useful. Furthermore, prioritizing surgery for gastric cancer is effective because of its paraneoplastic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokio Katakura
- Department of Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital Sendai, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shirai
- Department of Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital Sendai, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Hiroko Sato
- Department of Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital Sendai, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tomonori Ishii
- Department of Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital Sendai, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujii
- Department of Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital Sendai, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
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178
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Binvignat M, Sellam J, Berenbaum F, Felson DT. The role of obesity and adipose tissue dysfunction in osteoarthritis pain. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024; 20:565-584. [PMID: 39112603 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-024-01143-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has a pivotal and multifaceted role in pain associated with osteoarthritis (OA), extending beyond the mechanistic influence of BMI. It exerts its effects both directly and indirectly through various modifiable risk factors associated with OA-related pain. Adipose tissue dysfunction is highly involved in OA-related pain through local and systemic inflammation, immune dysfunction, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. Adipose tissue dysfunction is intricately connected with metabolic syndrome, which independently exerts specific effects on OA-related pain, distinct from its association with BMI. The interplay among obesity, adipose tissue dysfunction and metabolic syndrome influences OA-related pain through diverse pain mechanisms, including nociceptive pain, peripheral sensitization and central sensitization. These complex interactions contribute to the heightened pain experience observed in individuals with OA and obesity. In addition, pain management strategies are less efficient in individuals with obesity. Importantly, therapeutic interventions targeting obesity and metabolic syndrome hold promise in managing OA-related pain. A deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between obesity, metabolic syndrome and OA-related pain is crucial and could have important implications for improving pain management and developing innovative therapeutic options in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Binvignat
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorbonne University, AP-HP Saint-Antoine hospital, Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, INSERM UMRS_959, I3 Lab Immunology Immunopathology Immunotherapy, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Sellam
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorbonne University, AP-HP Saint-Antoine hospital, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne University, INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorbonne University, AP-HP Saint-Antoine hospital, Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - David T Felson
- Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Boston, MA, USA
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179
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Idalsoaga F, Díaz LA, Ayares G, Cabrera D, Chahuan J, Monrroy H, Halawi H, Arrese M, Arab JP. Review article: Oesophageal disorders in chronic liver disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 60:715-726. [PMID: 39082463 DOI: 10.1111/apt.18193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oesophageal disorders and chronic liver disease are common worldwide and significantly impact quality of life. The intricate link between these conditions, including how oesophageal disorders like GERD, Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal cancer affect and are affected by chronic liver disease, remains poorly understood. AIMS To review the relationship between oesophageal disorders and chronic liver disease, evaluating epidemiology, pathophysiology and therapeutic factors. METHODS We reviewed the literature on the relationship between oesophageal disorders and chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis, using the PubMed database RESULTS: Oesophageal disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett's oesophagus, oesophageal cancer, oesophageal motor disorders and oesophageal candidiasis are prevalent among individuals with cirrhosis, exacerbating the burden of liver disease. These diseases have a multifaceted symptomatology and pathogenic basis, posing a significant challenge in cirrhotic patients that necessitates careful diagnosis and management. Additionally, therapies frequently used for these diseases, such as proton pump inhibitors, require careful consideration in cirrhotic patients due to potential adverse effects and altered pharmacokinetics. Managing oesophageal disorders in cirrhotic patients requires a cautious approach due to possible interactions with medications and the risk of adverse effects. Furthermore, symptoms associated with these conditions are often exacerbated by common interventions in patients with cirrhosis, such as band ligation for oesophageal varices. CONCLUSIONS Oesophageal disorders are common in cirrhosis and increase the disease burden. These conditions require careful management due to complex symptoms and treatment risks. Proton pump inhibitors and other therapies must be used cautiously, as cirrhosis interventions can worsen symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Idalsoaga
- Departamento De Gastroenterología, Escuela De Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica De Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Antonio Díaz
- Departamento De Gastroenterología, Escuela De Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica De Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gustavo Ayares
- Departamento De Gastroenterología, Escuela De Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica De Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Cabrera
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios e Investigación en Salud y Sociedad, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Bernardo O Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier Chahuan
- Departamento De Gastroenterología, Escuela De Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica De Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hugo Monrroy
- Departamento De Gastroenterología, Escuela De Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica De Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Houssam Halawi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marco Arrese
- Departamento De Gastroenterología, Escuela De Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica De Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Arab
- Departamento De Gastroenterología, Escuela De Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica De Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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180
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Kluit L, van Bennekom CAM, Beumer A, Sluman MA, de Boer AGEM, de Wind A. Clinical Work-Integrating Care in Current Practice: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2024; 34:481-521. [PMID: 37966538 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinical work-integrating care (CWIC) refers to paying attention to work participation in a clinical setting. Working patients may benefit from CWIC. The purpose of this study is to explore the extent and nature to which medical specialists provide CWIC and what policies and guidelines oblige or recommend specialists to do. METHODS A scoping review was conducted. The databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Psychinfo, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched for studies on the extent and nature of CWIC and supplemented by gray literature on policies and guidelines. Six main categories were defined a priori. Applying a meta-aggregative approach, subcategories were subsequently defined using qualitative data. Next, quantitative findings were integrated into these subcategories. A separate narrative of policies and guidelines using the same main categories was constructed. RESULTS In total, 70 studies and 55 gray literature documents were included. The main findings per category were as follows: (1) collecting data on the occupation of patients varied widely; (2) most specialists did not routinely discuss work, but recent studies showed an increasing tendency to do so, which corresponds to recent policies and guidelines; (3) work-related advice ranged from general advice to patient-physician collaboration about work-related decisions; (4) CWIC was driven by legislation in many countries; (5) specialists sometimes collaborated in multidisciplinary teams to provide CWIC; and (6) medical guidelines regarding CWIC were generally not available. CONCLUSION Medical specialists provide a wide variety of CWIC ranging from assessing a patient's occupation to extensive collaboration with patients and other professionals to support work participation. Lack of medical guidelines could explain the variety of these practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Kluit
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Societal Participation and Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Coen A M van Bennekom
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Research and Development, Heliomare Rehabilitation Centre, Wijk aan Zee, The Netherlands
| | - Annechien Beumer
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Upper Limb Unit Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Maayke A Sluman
- Department of Cardiology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Den Bosch, The Netherlands
| | - Angela G E M de Boer
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Societal Participation and Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid de Wind
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Societal Participation and Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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181
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Ghonaim AH, Yi G, Lei M, Xie D, Ma H, Yang Z, Usama U, Wu H, Jiang Y, Li W, He Q. Isolation, characterization and whole-genome analysis of G9 group a rotaviruses in China: Evidence for possible Porcine-Human interspecies transmission. Virology 2024; 597:110129. [PMID: 38908046 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are major causes of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young animals. To enhance our understanding of the relationship between human and animals RVAs, complete genome data are necessary. We screened 92 intestinal and stool samples from diarrheic piglets by RT‒PCR targeting the VP6 gene, revealing a prevalence of 10.9%. RVA was confirmed in two out of 5 calf samples. We successfully isolated two porcine samples using MA104 cell line. The full-length genetic constellation of the two isolates were determined to be G9-P[23]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T7-E1-H1, with close similarity to human Wa-like and porcine strains. Sequence analysis revealed the majority of genes were closely related to porcine and human RVAs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these isolates might have their ancestral origin from pigs, although some of their gene segments were related to human strains. This study reveals evidence of reassortment and possible interspecies transmission between pigs and humans in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Ghonaim
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China; Desert Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - GuangYuan Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingkai Lei
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongqi Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Hailong Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengxin Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Usama Usama
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunbo Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Wentao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China; The Animal Disease Diagnostic Centre of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Qigai He
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China; The Animal Disease Diagnostic Centre of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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182
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Motlaghzadeh Y, Bilezikian JP, Sellmeyer DE. Hypercalcemia Associated with Pregnancy and Lactation. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2024; 53:437-452. [PMID: 39084818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Hypercalcemia during pregnancy is a risk for adverse maternal and fetal consequences. Although primary hyperparathyroidism is by far the most common etiology of hypercalcemia in pregnancy, an array of other etiologies of hypercalcemia associated with pregnancy and lactation have been described. Parathyroidectomy continues to be the preferred treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. Medical management options are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Motlaghzadeh
- Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - John P Bilezikian
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Deborah E Sellmeyer
- Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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183
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Li M, Li Y, Du J, Zhang Y, Xi M, Yan K, Liu R, Wang X, Xu P, Yuan J, Deng H. Clinical features of hand, foot and mouth disease caused by Coxsackievirus A6 in Xi'an, China, 2013-2019: A multicenter observational study. Acta Trop 2024; 257:107310. [PMID: 38955319 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the clinical features of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) and this work may help early diagnose of atypical HFMD. METHODS From January 2013 to December 2019, a total of 7,208 patients with a clinical diagnosis of HFMD in Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an Central Hospital, and Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, were included in this observational study. The clinical data, specimens and follow-up results were collected. Real-time RT‒PCR was performed for the detection and typing of enterovirus nucleic acids. RESULTS Of the 7,208 clinically diagnosed HFMD patients, 5,622 were positive for enterovirus nucleic acids, and the positive proportions of CVA6, enterovirus 71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16), and other enteroviruses were 31.0% (1,742/5,622), 27.0% (1,518/5,622), 35.0% (1,968/5,622), and 7.0% (394/5,622), respectively. Based on the etiology, patients were divided into CVA6 group, EV-A71group, and CVA16 group. The mean age at onset was significantly higher in the CVA6 group (4.62±2.13 years) than in the EV-A71 group and CVA16 group (3.45±2.25 years and 3.35±2.13 years, respectively; both P < 0.05). The male/female ratio was 1.45 (1,031/711) in the CVA6 group and was not significantly different from the other two groups. The incidence of fever was significantly higher in the CVA6 group [82.5% (1,437/1,742)] than in the EV-A71 group [51.3% (779/1,518)] and the CVA16 group [45.9% (903/1,968)] (P < 0.05). In the CVA6 group, the rashes were more frequently on the trunk and elbows/knees and were significantly different from the other two groups (P < 0.05). The number of patients with two or more rash morphologies was significantly higher in the CVA6 group than in the other two groups (P < 0.05). The incidence of bullous rash in the CVA6 group [20.2%; n = 352] was higher than in the EV-A71 group [0.33%; n = 5] and CVA16 group [0.66%; n = 13] (P < 0.05). The incidence of neurological complications was significantly higher in the EV-A71 group [52.1% (791/1,518)] than in the CVA16 group [5.1% (100/1,968)] and the CVA6 group [0.8% (14/1,742)] (P < 0.05). In the follow-up period, 160 patients (9.2%) with CVA6 HFMD experienced onychomadesis, but no onychomadesis was observed in the EV-A71 and CVA16 groups. The average WBC count was significantly higher in the CVA6 group than in the CVA16 group (P < 0.05). The number of patients with increased CRP was significantly larger in the CVA6 group than in the CVA16 group but was significantly smaller than that in the EV-A71 group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS CVA6 has become one of the main pathogens of HFMD in the Xi'an area during 2013-2019. The main clinical manifestations were slightly different from those of HFMD caused by EV-A71 or CVA16, with a higher frequency of fever, diverse morphologies and diffuse distribution of rashes, fewer neurological complications and some onychomadesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Yaping Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Jiayi Du
- Yale University School of Public Health
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Miao Xi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Kaiyue Yan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Ruiqing Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Juan Yuan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Huiling Deng
- Department of Pediatric, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China.
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184
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Green N, Chan C, Ooi CY. The gastrointestinal microbiome, small bowel bacterial overgrowth, and microbiome modulators in cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2024; 59 Suppl 1:S70-S80. [PMID: 39105345 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
People with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) have an altered gastrointestinal microbiome. These individuals also demonstrate propensity toward developing small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). The dysbiosis present has intestinal and extraintestinal implications, including potential links with the higher rates of gastrointestinal malignancies described in CF. Given these implications, there is growing interest in therapeutic options for microbiome modulation. Alternative therapies, including probiotics and prebiotics, and current CF transmembrane conductance regulator gene modulators are promising interventions for ameliorating gut microbiome dysfunction in pwCF. This article will characterize and discuss the current state of knowledge and expert opinions on gut dysbiosis and SIBO in the context of CF, before reviewing the current evidence supporting gut microbial modulating therapies in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Green
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christopher Chan
- Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Randwick Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chee Y Ooi
- Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Randwick Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
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185
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Vageli DP, Doukas PG, Paraskeva AN, Zacharouli K, Judson BL, Ioannou M. Laryngeal rare benign non-epithelial tumors and sarcomas emphasizing on chondrosarcomas: A literature review and a case presentation. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 261:155512. [PMID: 39116572 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Laryngeal rare tumors include benign and malignant tumors of epithelial, non-epithelial, or mesenchymal origin. Chondrosarcomas are the most common mesenchymal malignant tumors of the larynx. We performed a literature review (Pubmed/Medline; PRISMA 2020) to detect the frequency of published studies from 2021 to April 2024 regarding benign and malignant epithelial, non-epithelial, or mesenchymal rare tumors of the larynx, emphasizing laryngeal chondrosarcoma (LC) cases. Articles including cases discussed before 2021 were excluded and articles without available English translations. We included 154 articles investigating rare tumors of the larynx, the majority of them discussed non-epithelial or mesenchymal entities (75 %). Specifically, a high proportion of studies examined benign non-epithelial or mesenchymal tumors (79.5 %) or mesenchymal rare malignancies (72 %) of the larynx concerning epithelial tumors in the last three years. Sarcomas were discussed in 74 % of mesenchymal laryngeal malignancies and more than 50 % of rare laryngeal tumor studies, and LC was discussed in ∼50 % of laryngeal sarcoma studies. LC studies reported 174 cases, 21 % of them of high-grade LC (II), including a new case of LC presented here in the supraglottic (grade II), which showed intense staining for the S100 marker. Our study highlights the awareness of rare laryngeal tumors emphasizing non-epithelial benign tumors and laryngeal sarcomas, including chondrosarcomas, as pathologic entities of the larynx. Although the majority of LC included low-grade neoplasms, a markedness proportion of LC cases was evaluated as high-grade. Future research approaches, including a range of low and high-grade tumors, would reveal prognostic markers or therapeutic targets for LC and other rare laryngeal malignancies of non-epithelial or mesenchymal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra P Vageli
- The Yale Larynx Laboratory, Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology); Yale University; New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece.
| | - Panagiotis G Doukas
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers/Saint Peter's University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Anastasia N Paraskeva
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Konstantina Zacharouli
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Benjamin L Judson
- The Yale Larynx Laboratory, Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology); Yale University; New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Maria Ioannou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
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186
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Yoon J, Oh DY. HER2-targeted therapies beyond breast cancer - an update. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:675-700. [PMID: 39039196 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00924-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine-kinase HER2 (also known as ErbB2) is a well-established therapeutic target in patients with breast or gastric cancer selected on the basis of HER2 overexpression on immunohistochemistry and/or ERBB2 amplification on in situ hybridization. With advances in cancer molecular profiling and increased implementation of precision medicine approaches into oncology practice, actionable HER2 alterations in solid tumours have expanded to include ERBB2 mutations in addition to traditional HER2 overexpression and ERBB2 amplification. These various HER2 alterations can be found in solid tumour types beyond breast and gastric cancer, although few HER2-targeted therapeutic options have been established for the other tumour types. Nevertheless, during the 5 years since our previous Review on this topic was published in this journal, obvious and fruitful progress in the development of HER2-targeted therapies has been made, including new disease indications, innovative drugs with diverse mechanisms of action and novel frameworks for approval by regulatory authorities. These advances have culminated in the recent histology-agnostic approval of the anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan for patients with HER2-overexpressing solid tumours. In this new Review, we provide an update on the current development landscape of HER2-targeted therapies beyond breast cancer, as well as anticipated future HER2-directed treatment strategies to overcome resistance and thereby improve efficacy and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeesun Yoon
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Youn Oh
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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187
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Smith LE, Martin AF, Brooks SK, Davies R, Stein MV, Amlôt R, Marteau TM, Rubin GJ. Measuring and increasing rates of self-isolation in the context of COVID-19: a systematic review with narrative synthesis. Public Health 2024; 234:224-235. [PMID: 38972797 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate (1) definitions of self-isolation used during the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) measures used to quantify adherence and their reliability, validity, and acceptability; (3) rates of self-isolation adherence; and (4) factors associated with adherence. STUDY DESIGN This was a systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines (PROSPERO record CRD42022377820). METHODS MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science, PsyArXiv, medRxiv, and grey literature sources were searched (1 January 2020 to 13 December 2022) using terms related to COVID-19, isolation, and adherence. Studies were included if they contained original, quantitative data of self-isolation adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic. We extracted definitions of self-isolation, measures used to quantify adherence, adherence rates, and factors associated with adherence. RESULTS We included 45 studies. Self-isolation was inconsistently defined. Four studies did not use self-report measures. Of 41 studies using self-report, one reported reliability; another gave indirect evidence for the lack of validity of the measure. Rates of adherence to self-isolation for studies with only some concerns of bias were 51%-86% for COVID-19 cases, 78%-94% for contacts, and 16% for people with COVID-19-like symptoms. There was little evidence that self-isolation adherence was associated with sociodemographic or psychological factors. CONCLUSIONS There was no consensus in defining, operationalising, or measuring self-isolation, resulting in significant risk of bias in included studies. Future definitions of self-isolation should state behaviours to be enacted and duration. People recommended to self-isolate should be given support. Public health campaigns should aim to increase perceived effectiveness of self-isolation and promote accurate information about susceptibility to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Smith
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, United Kingdom; UK Health Security Agency, Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, United Kingdom.
| | - A F Martin
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, United Kingdom
| | - S K Brooks
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, United Kingdom
| | - R Davies
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, United Kingdom
| | - M V Stein
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - R Amlôt
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, United Kingdom; UK Health Security Agency, Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, United Kingdom
| | - T M Marteau
- University of Cambridge, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, United Kingdom
| | - G J Rubin
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, United Kingdom
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188
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Al-Naseem AO, Al-Muhannadi A, Ramadhan M, Alfadhli A, Marwan Y, Shafafy R, Abd-El-Barr MM. Robot-assisted pedicle screw insertion versus navigation-based and freehand techniques for posterior spinal fusion in scoliosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spine Deform 2024; 12:1203-1215. [PMID: 38619784 PMCID: PMC11343815 DOI: 10.1007/s43390-024-00879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The role of robotics in spine surgery remains controversial, especially for scoliosis correction surgery. This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of robotic-assisted (RA) surgery specifically for scoliosis surgery by comparing RA to both navigation systems (NS) and conventional freehand techniques (CF). METHODS As per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted via an electronic search of the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). All papers comparing RA to either NS or CF for posterior spinal fusion in scoliosis were included. Fixed and random effects models of analysis were utilised based on analysis heterogeneity. RESULTS 10 observational studies were included in total. RA had significantly greater odds of accurate pedicle screw placement relative to both NS (OR = 2.02, CI = 1.52-2.67, p < 0.00001) and CF (OR = 3.06, CI = 1.79-5.23, p < 0.00001). The downside of RA was the significantly greater operation duration relative to NS (MD = 10.74, CI = 3.52-17.97, p = 0.004) and CF (MD = 40.27, CI = 20.90, p < 0.0001). Perioperative outcomes including estimated blood loss, radiation exposure, length of hospital stay, cobb angle correction rate, postoperative SRS score, VAS pain score, JOA score, as well as rates of neurological injury and revision surgery, were comparable between the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION RA offers significantly greater pedicle screw placement accuracy relative to NS and CF, however, surgery can take longer. In terms of perioperative outcomes, all three techniques are comparable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yousef Marwan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | - Roozbeh Shafafy
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Stanmore, UK.
| | - Muhammad M Abd-El-Barr
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Spine, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, USA.
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189
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Volek JS, Kackley ML, Buga A. Nutritional Considerations During Major Weight Loss Therapy: Focus on Optimal Protein and a Low-Carbohydrate Dietary Pattern. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:422-443. [PMID: 38814519 PMCID: PMC11327213 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00548-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Considering the high prevalence of obesity and related metabolic impairments in the population, the unique role nutrition has in weight loss, reversing metabolic disorders, and maintaining health cannot be overstated. Normal weight and well-being are compatible with varying dietary patterns, but for the last half century there has been a strong emphasis on low-fat, low-saturated fat, high-carbohydrate based approaches. Whereas low-fat dietary patterns can be effective for a subset of individuals, we now have a population where the vast majority of adults have excess adiposity and some degree of metabolic impairment. We are also entering a new era with greater access to bariatric surgery and approval of anti-obesity medications (glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues) that produce substantial weight loss for many people, but there are concerns about disproportionate loss of lean mass and nutritional deficiencies. RECENT FINDINGS No matter the approach used to achieve major weight loss, careful attention to nutritional considerations is necessary. Here, we examine the recent findings regarding the importance of adequate protein to maintain lean mass, the rationale and evidence supporting low-carbohydrate and ketogenic dietary patterns, and the potential benefits of including exercise training in the context of major weight loss. While losing and sustaining weight loss has proven challenging, we are optimistic that application of emerging nutrition science, particularly personalized well-formulated low-carbohydrate dietary patterns that contain adequate protein (1.2 to 2.0 g per kilogram reference weight) and achieve the beneficial metabolic state of euketonemia (circulating ketones 0.5 to 5 mM), is a promising path for many individuals with excess adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff S Volek
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 305 Annie & John Glenn Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Madison L Kackley
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 305 Annie & John Glenn Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Alex Buga
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 305 Annie & John Glenn Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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190
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Guo S, Tan Z, Guan W, Yin Y. Early Hyperprogression of Rhabdomyosarcoma Detected by 18 F-FDG PET/CT Three Weeks after CAR-T Treatment. World J Nucl Med 2024; 23:212-216. [PMID: 39170844 PMCID: PMC11335383 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) treatment has been widely used in the treatment of hematological malignancies, and its application has been gradually expanded to the research and treatment of solid tumors. However, unconventional types of response may occur after CAR-T treatment, such as hyperprogression, resulting in terrible outcomes. Here, we report the case of a 13-year-old adolescent boy with relapsed and refractory rhabdomyosarcoma who developed early hyperprogression 3 weeks after CAR-T treatment (target: B7H3 and CD171), which was detected by fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT). The patient eventually underwent amputation. Attention should be paid to the possibility of early hyperprogression after CAR-T treatment, and 18 F-FDG PET/CT has an absolute advantage in early evaluating treatment response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenrui Guo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Tan
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbin Guan
- Department of Pathology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafu Yin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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191
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Leite KLDEF, Rodrigues GF, Chevitarese AB, Magno MB, Marañón-Vásquez GA, Pintor AVB, Maia LC. ARE PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS EFFECTIVE IN PREVENTING AND ARRESTING OCCLUSAL CARIES IN PRIMARY AND PERMANENT TEETH? AN OVERVIEW OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2024; 24:102010. [PMID: 39174168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2024.102010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compile the evidence from systematic reviews (SRs) about the use of sealants for preventing and arresting pit and fissure occlusal caries in primary and permanent teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search was performed in six databases and gray literature up to May 2023. Systematic reviews (SRs) that included randomized trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized clinical trials (n-RCTs) aiming to answer the PICO-based focused question "are pit and fissure sealants (I) more effective than other interventions, control or no treatment (C) in preventing and arresting occlusal caries (O) in primary and permanent teeth (P)?", were included. The methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR-2. The overlap between reviews was calculated (corrected covered, CCA). RESULTS Among the 25 included SRs, 18 underwent meta-analysis. Eighteen SRs considered sealing enamel caries lesions, one considered sealing dentine caries, and six considered both. Seventeen SRs were devoted to preventive sealing (RCT only, n = 12; RCT and n-RCT, n = 5), while eight were devoted to prevention and arrest of dental caries (RCT only, n = 5; RCT and n-RCT, n = 3). Nine SRs showed positive results for the primary dentition, and the most frequent periods of follow-up were at least 6 (n = 5) and 12 months (n = 4). According to our meta-analysis, a significant association between resin-based sealants (RBS) and dental caries prevention was detected at 6 months (n = 1) and over longer follow-up periods (n = 4), and the DMFT and dmft indices decreased (n = 2). RBS was better than fluoride varnish at preventing dentine caries (n = 1). A lower caries incidence rate was observed in the resin-modified glass ionomer group at 6 months (n = 1). Overall, the sealants were superior (n = 11), similar (n = 21), or inferior (n = 1) to the other treatments. The AMSTAR-2 scores for studies on preventive sealing were critically low (n = 8), low (n = 6), moderate (n = 1) and high (n = 2) for studies on preventive sealing and critically low (n = 5), low (n = 2) and high (n = 1) for studies on the prevention and arrest of caries lesions. The overlap was low (CCA = 3%). CONCLUSION This overview suggests that pit and fissure sealants are not inferior to other interventions in preventing and arresting dental caries lesions in primary and permanent teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Lorene DE França Leite
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Gabriella Fernandes Rodrigues
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Chevitarese
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcela Baraúna Magno
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andréa Vaz Braga Pintor
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Al Risi A, Mathon B, Touat M, Carpentier A, Lefevre E. Management of entrapped temporal horn: Literature review and operative technique for endoscopic fenestration. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2024; 244:108407. [PMID: 38959784 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2024.108407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Entrapment of the temporal horn (TH) is rare condition that can lead to increased intracranial pressure, but there is no consensus on a standard treatment. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review of the reported cases of TH entrapment and describe our operative technique for endoscopic fenestrations of the lateral ventricle into the basal cisterns. METHODS We searched the databases Pubmed and Google scholar to find all studies reporting cases of entrapped TH and the subsequent treatment. Additionally, we report two illustrative cases of endoscopic fenestration with a step-by-step description of our surgical technique. RESULTS Twenty-nine studies with a total of 67 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age was 36.5 years (SD± 21.9), and the female-to-male ratio was 1.5. The most frequent cause of TH entrapment was post-surgical scarring after tumor surgery (n= 30), and the most commonly reported treatment modality was endoscopic fenestration of the TH (n = 14). We observed an increasing use of endoscopic fenestration over time. CONCLUSION Entrapped TH is a rare condition often requiring surgical treatment. Neuronavigation-guided endoscopic fenestration of the ventricle into the basal cisterns appears to be a safe, efficient, and device-free technique that has gained importance over the past years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al Risi
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpitaux universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Mathon
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpitaux universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, APHP, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Mehdi Touat
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC, Paris, France; Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du cerveau, ICM, France; Service de Neuro-oncologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Carpentier
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpitaux universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, APHP, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Lefevre
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpitaux universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, APHP, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UPMC, Paris, France.
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193
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Mena JI, Andreu H, Giménez-Palomo A, Bueno L, Cesari E, De Juan Ó, Ochandiano I, Olivier L, Salmeron S, Vieta E, Pacchiarotti I. Manic episode in a patient with pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a case report. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2024; 39:326-329. [PMID: 37729659 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric comorbidity is common in cancer patients, emphasizing the need for comprehensive care. While depressive symptoms in pancreatic cancer have been studied, there is limited attention given to manic symptoms. This case report aims to contribute to the knowledge of pancreatic cancer psychiatric comorbidities by describing a case of a patient with stage IV pancreatic cancer who presented a sudden onset manic episode. The patient, a 61-year-old male with stage IV pancreatic cancer, presented at the Emergency Room with abrupt behavioural changes suggestive of a manic episode of 2 weeks of evolution. The patient had been undergoing chemotherapy and short 3-day cycles of corticosteroids for the past 9 months but had been off this treatment for 20 days when the episode began. Acute organic causes were ruled out. The patient was admitted to the psychiatric unit, where organic screening was expanded and treatment with antipsychotics and a mood stabiliser was initiated with subsequent remission of symptoms after 2 weeks. This case shows a manic episode as a rare psychiatric complication in pancreatic cancer. In the literature reviewed, four other similar cases have been observed. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying pathophysiology and explore possible treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan I Mena
- Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro)
| | - Helena Andreu
- Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro)
| | - Anna Giménez-Palomo
- Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro)
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
| | - Laura Bueno
- Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro)
| | - Eduard Cesari
- Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro)
| | - Óscar De Juan
- Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro)
| | - Iñaki Ochandiano
- Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro)
| | - Luis Olivier
- Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro)
| | - Sergi Salmeron
- Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro)
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro)
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabella Pacchiarotti
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro)
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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194
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Lorger S, McClintock G, Watson G, Liu K, Jeffery N. Hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis presenting as a pedunculated bladder mass. Urol Case Rep 2024; 56:102801. [PMID: 39139384 PMCID: PMC11321370 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2024.102801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Extrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a sign of advanced disease with poor prognosis. Haematogenous metastasis to the urinary bladder is extremely rare. We describe a case of a 66-year-old male with advanced HCC that developed HCC metastasis to the bladder. There have only been six case reports previously documenting this. Uniquely this is the first case to develop metastatic disease to the bladder after receiving both locoregional and systemic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lorger
- Urology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - George McClintock
- Urology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Watson
- NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Ken Liu
- AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicola Jeffery
- Urology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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195
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Rastogi R, Gupta S, Saigal S, Kumar M, Luthra R, Agarwal R, Aggarwal B. Successful Surgical Management of Giant Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm of Liver (MCN-L) Presenting With Peritoneal Rupture and Biliary Prolapse: Case Report and Review of Literature. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101441. [PMID: 38835811 PMCID: PMC11145330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucinous cystic neoplasms of liver (MCN-L) are generally considered benign indolent cystic liver lesions, not associated with significant clinical symptoms in majority of patients. However, rarely these benign-appearing lesions may have a complicated clinical course, presenting with jaundice, acute abdomen, or malignant transformation. We report one such rare clinical presentation of MCN-L presenting with obstructive jaundice and abdominal pain due to prolapse of cystic component in biliary system and peritoneal rupture occurring simultaneously. Despite the complex nature of presentation, it was successfully managed surgically with normal follow-up imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Rastogi
- Department of Radiology, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Subhash Gupta
- Centre for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Sanjiv Saigal
- Centre for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Centre for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Rohan Luthra
- Department of Radiology, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Riti Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Bharat Aggarwal
- Department of Radiology, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
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196
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Almalki F. Review and research gap identification in genetics causes of syndromic and nonsyndromic hearing loss in Saudi Arabia. Ann Hum Genet 2024; 88:364-381. [PMID: 38517009 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Congenital hearing loss is one of the most common sensory disabilities worldwide. The genetic causes of hearing loss account for 50% of hearing loss. Genetic causes of hearing loss can be classified as nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL) or syndromic hearing loss (SHL). NSHL is defined as a partial or complete hearing loss without additional phenotypes; however, SHL, known as hearing loss, is associated with other phenotypes. Both types follow a simple Mendelian inheritance fashion. Several studies have been conducted to uncover the genetic factors contributing to NSHL and SHL in Saudi patients. However, these studies have encountered certain limitations. This review assesses and discusses the genetic factors underpinning NSHL and SHL globally, with a specific emphasis on the Saudi Arabian context. It also explores the prevalence of the most observed genetic causes of NSHL and SHL in Saudi Arabia. It also sheds light on areas where further research is needed to fully understand the genetic foundations of hearing loss in the Saudi population. This review identifies several gaps in research in NSHL and SHL and provides insights into potential research to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Almalki
- Medical Laboratories Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munwarah, Saudi Arabia
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197
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Theocharopoulos C, Ziogas IA, Douligeris CC, Efstathiou A, Kolorizos E, Ziogas DC, Kontis E. Antibody-drug conjugates for hepato-pancreato-biliary malignancies: "Magic bullets" to the rescue? Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 129:102806. [PMID: 39094332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) malignancies constitute a highly aggressive group of cancers that have a dismal prognosis. Patients not amenable to curative intent surgical resection are managed with systemic chemotherapy which, however, confers little survival benefit. Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) are tripartite compounds that merge the intricate selectivity and specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the cytodestructive potency of attached supertoxic payloads. In view of the unmet need for drugs that will enhance the survival rates of HPB cancer patients, the assessment of ADCs for treating HPB malignancies has become the focus of extensive clinical and preclinical investigation, showing encouraging preliminary results. In the current review, we offer a comprehensive overview of the growing body of evidence on ADC approaches tested for HPB malignancies. Starting from a concise discussion of the functional principles of ADCs, we summarize here all available data from preclinical and clinical studies evaluating ADCs in HPB cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioannis A Ziogas
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Dimitrios C Ziogas
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Laikon General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Elissaios Kontis
- Department of Surgery, Metaxa Cancer Hospital, Piraeus 18537, Greece
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Wei C, Zhu S, Lu J, Guan A, Sun Y, Zeng L, Fu J, Luo X. Engineering the nanozyme hydrogel beads by polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan encapsulation with recyclable and sustainable catalytic activity for visual analysis of hydrogen peroxide. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1320:343017. [PMID: 39142789 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.343017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays a vital role in human health and have been regarded as a crucial analyte in metabolic processes, redox transformations, foods research and medical fields. Especially, the long-time and excessive digestion of H2O2 may even cause severe diseases. Although conventional instrumental methods and nanozymes-based colorimetric methods have been developed to accomplish the quantitative analysis of H2O2, the drawbacks of instrument dependence, cost-effectiveness, short lifespan, non-portable and unsustainable detection efficacies will limit their applications in different detection scenarios. RESULTS Herein, to address these challenges, we have proposed a novel strategy for nanozyme (RuO2) hydrogel preparation by the solid support from cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) to both inherit the dominant peroxidase-like (POD) activity and protect the RuO2 from losing efficacies. Taking advantages from the hydrogel, the encapsulated RuO2 were further prepared as the regularly spherical beads (PCRO) to exhibit the sustainable, recyclable, and robust catalysis. Moreover, the intrinsic color interferences which originated from RuO2 can be avoided by the encapsulation strategy to promote the detection accuracy. Meanwhile, the high mechanical strength of PCRO shows the high stability, reproducibility, and cyclic catalysis to achieve the recyclable detection performance and long lifetime storage (40 days), which enables the sensitively detection of H2O2 with the detection limit as lower to 15 μM and the wide detection linear range from 0.025 to 1.0 mM. SIGNIFICANCE On the basis of the unique properties, PCRO has been further adopted to construct a smartphone detection platform to realize the instrument-free and visual analysis of H2O2 in multi-types of milk and real water samples through capturing, processing, and analyzing the RGB values from the colorimetric photographs. Therefore, PCRO with the advanced detection efficacies holds the great potential in achieving the portable and on-site analysis of targets-of-interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonghui Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Jiacheng Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Aoran Guan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Yan Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Liyun Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Jinghao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xingyu Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
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Zhou J, Li R, Zhao S, Sun L, Wang J, Fu Y, Wang D. Sentinel Node Navigation Surgery for Early Gastric Cancer: A Narrative Review. Am J Clin Oncol 2024; 47:439-444. [PMID: 38587337 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000001101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Early gastric cancer (EGC) refers to malignant tumor lesions that are limited to the mucosa and submucosa layers, regardless of the presence of lymph node metastasis. Typically, EGC has a low rate of perigastric lymph node metastasis, and long-term survival outcomes are good after radical surgical treatment. The primary objective of surgical treatment for EGC is to achieve functional preservation while ensuring a radical cure. Sentinel node navigation surgery (SNNS) is a surgical technique used in the treatment of EGC. This approach achieves functional preservation by limiting lymph node dissection and performing restrictive gastrectomy guided by intraoperative negative sentinel node (SN) biopsy. Despite the apparent improvement in the detection rate of SN with the emergence of various tracing dyes and laparoscopic fluorescence systems, the oncological safety of SNNS remains a controversial research topic. SNNS, as a true form of stomach preservation surgery that enhances the quality of life, has become a topic of interest in the EGC field. In recent years, scholars from Japan and South Korea have conducted extensive research on the feasibility and safety of SNNS in the treatment of EGC. This article aims to provide reference choices for surgeons treating EGC by reviewing relevant research on SNNS for EGC in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Zhou
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Teaching Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqi Li
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Teaching Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Teaching Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Longhe Sun
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yayan Fu
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Daorong Wang
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Teaching Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Yangzhou, China
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Disease, Yangzhou, China
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200
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Yin Y, Ju T, Zeng D, Duan F, Zhu Y, Liu J, Li Y, Lu W. "Inflamed" depression: A review of the interactions between depression and inflammation and current anti-inflammatory strategies for depression. Pharmacol Res 2024; 207:107322. [PMID: 39038630 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a common mental disorder, the effective treatment of which remains a challenging issue worldwide. The clinical pathogenesis of depression has been deeply explored, leading to the formulation of various pathogenic hypotheses. Among these, the monoamine neurotransmitter hypothesis holds a prominent position, yet it has significant limitations as more than one-third of patients do not respond to conventional treatments targeting monoamine transmission disturbances. Over the past few decades, a growing body of research has highlighted the link between inflammation and depression as a potential key factor in the pathophysiology of depression. In this review, we first summarize the relationship between inflammation and depression, with a focus on the pathophysiological changes mediated by inflammation in depression. The mechanisms linking inflammation to depression as well as multiple anti-inflammatory strategies are also discussed, and their efficacy and safety are assessed. This review broadens the perspective on specific aspects of using anti-inflammatory strategies for treating depression, laying the groundwork for advancing precision medicine for individuals suffering from "inflamed" depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishu Yin
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ting Ju
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Deyong Zeng
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Fangyuan Duan
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yuanbing Zhu
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Junlian Liu
- China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Yongzhi Li
- China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China.
| | - Weihong Lu
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin 150001, China.
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