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Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Alleviate Radiation-Induced Muscular Fibrosis by Suppressing the Expression of TGF-β1. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:5638204. [PMID: 26649050 PMCID: PMC4663335 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5638204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We aim to investigate the effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) transplantation on irradiation-induced skeletal muscle fibrosis. Sixty-four rabbits were randomly divided into ASCs group and PBS group followed by irradiation at unilateral hip with a single dose of 80 Gy. Nonirradiated side with normal skeletal muscle served as normal control. Skeletal muscle tissues were collected from eight rabbits in each group at 1 w, 4 w, 8 w, and 26 w after irradiation. Migration of ASCs was observed in the peripheral tissues along the needle passage in the injured muscle. The proportion of the area of collagen fibers to the total area in sections of ASCs group was lower than those of PBS groups at 4 w, 8 w, and 26 w after irradiation. Significant decrease was noted in the integrated optimal density of the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in the ASCs group compared with those of PBS group at 4 w, 8 w, and 26 w after irradiation. Moreover, the expression of TGF-β1 was lower in the ASCs group compared to those of the PBS group at each time point determined by Western blot analysis. ASCs transplantation could alleviate irradiation fibrosis by suppressing the level of TGF-β1 in the irradiated skeletal muscle.
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202
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Rammal H, Harmouch C, Lataillade JJ, Laurent-Maquin D, Labrude P, Menu P, Kerdjoudj H. Stem cells: a promising source for vascular regenerative medicine. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 23:2931-49. [PMID: 25167472 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The rising and diversity of many human vascular diseases pose urgent needs for the development of novel therapeutics. Stem cell therapy represents a challenge in the medicine of the twenty-first century, an area where tissue engineering and regenerative medicine gather to provide promising treatments for a wide variety of diseases. Indeed, with their extensive regeneration potential and functional multilineage differentiation capacity, stem cells are now highlighted as promising cell sources for regenerative medicine. Their multilineage differentiation involves environmental factors such as biochemical, extracellular matrix coating, oxygen tension, and mechanical forces. In this review, we will focus on human stem cell sources and their applications in vascular regeneration. We will also discuss the different strategies used for their differentiation into both mature and functional smooth muscle and endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rammal
- 1 UMR 7365, Biopôle, Faculté de Médecine, CNRS-Université de Lorraine , Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Ribeiro TB, Duarte ASS, Longhini ALF, Pradella F, Farias AS, Luzo ACM, Oliveira ALR, Olalla Saad ST. Neuroprotection and immunomodulation by xenografted human mesenchymal stem cells following spinal cord ventral root avulsion. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16167. [PMID: 26548646 PMCID: PMC4637826 DOI: 10.1038/srep16167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates the effects of xenotransplantation of Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AT-MSCs) in animals after ventral root avulsion. AT-MSC has similar characteristics to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), such as immunomodulatory properties and expression of neurotrophic factors. In this study, Lewis rats were submitted to surgery for unilateral avulsion of the lumbar ventral roots and received 5 × 10(5) AT-MSCs via the lateral funiculus. Two weeks after cell administration, the animals were sacrificed and the moto neurons, T lymphocytes and cell defense nervous system were analyzed. An increased neuronal survival and partial preservation of synaptophysin-positive nerve terminals, related to GDNF and BDNF expression of AT-MSCs, and reduction of pro-inflammatory reaction were observed. In conclusion, AT-MSCs prevent second phase neuronal injury, since they suppressed lymphocyte, astroglia and microglia effects, which finally contributed to rat motor-neuron survival and synaptic stability of the lesioned motor-neuron. Moreover, the survival of the injected AT- MSCs lasted for at least 14 days. These results indicate that neuronal survival after lesion, followed by mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) administration, might occur through cytokine release and immunomodulation, thus suggesting that AT-MSCs are promising cells for the therapy of neuronal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago B. Ribeiro
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana S. S. Duarte
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Leda F. Longhini
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Neuroimmunomodulation Group, Dept. Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fernando Pradella
- Neuroimmunomodulation Group, Dept. Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alessandro S. Farias
- Neuroimmunomodulation Group, Dept. Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Angela C. M. Luzo
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre L. R. Oliveira
- Dept. of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sara Teresinha Olalla Saad
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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204
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Living scaffolds: surgical repair using scaffolds seeded with human adipose-derived stem cells. Hernia 2015; 20:161-70. [PMID: 26545361 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-015-1415-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decellularized porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) is a biological scaffold used surgically for tissue repair. Here, we demonstrate a model of SIS as a scaffold for human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in vitro and apply it in vivo in a rat ventral hernia repair model. STUDY DESIGN ASCs adherence was examined by confocal microscopy and proliferation rate was measured by growth curves. Multipotency of ASCs seeded onto SIS was tested using adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic induction media. For in vivo testing, midline abdominal musculofascial and peritoneal defects were created in Sprague-Dawley rats. Samples were evaluated for tensile strength, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS All test groups showed cell adherence and proliferation on SIS. Fibronectin-treated scaffolds retained more cells than those treated with vehicle alone (p < 0.05). Fresh stromal vascular fraction (SVF) pellets containing ASCs were injected onto the SIS scaffold and showed similar results to cultured ASCs. Maintenance of multipotency on SIS was confirmed by lineage-specific markers and dyes. Histopathology revealed neovascularization and cell influx to ASC-seeded SIS samples following animal implantation. ASC-seeded SIS appeared to offer a stronger repair than plain SIS, but these results were not statistically significant. Immunohistochemistry showed continued presence of cells of human origin in ASC-seeded repairs at 1 month postoperation. CONCLUSION Pretreatment of the scaffold with fibronectin offers a method to increase cell adhesion and delivery. ASCs maintain their immunophenotype and ability to differentiate while on SIS. Seeding freshly isolated SVF onto the scaffold demonstrated that minimally manipulated cells may be useful for perioperative surgical applications within the OR suite. We have shown that this model for a "living mesh" can be successfully used in abdominal wall reconstruction.
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205
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Lin H, Dhanani N, Tseng H, Souza GR, Wang G, Cao Y, Ko TC, Jiang H, Wang R. Nanoparticle Improved Stem Cell Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Cavernous Nerve Injury. J Urol 2015; 195:788-95. [PMID: 26519654 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.10.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recently intracavernous injection of stem cells has garnered great interest as a potential treatment of erectile dysfunction. However, most stem cells are washed out immediately after intracavernous injection. The goal of this study was to investigate using NanoShuttle™ magnetic nanoparticles to maintain stem cells in the corpus cavernosum after intracavernous injection, thereby improving stem cell therapy of erectile dysfunction in an animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adipose derived stem cells were magnetized with NanoShuttle magnetic nanoparticles to create Nano-adipose derived stem cells. A total of 24 rats underwent bilateral cavernous nerve crush and were randomly assigned to 3 groups, including adipose derived stem cells, Nano-adipose derived stem cells and Nano-adipose derived stem cells plus magnet. Cells were tracked at days 1, 3, 5 and 9 after intracavernous injection. Another 40 rats with bilateral cavernous nerve crush were randomly assigned to 4 groups, including bilateral cavernous nerve crush, bilateral cavernous nerve crush plus adipose derived stem cell intracavernous injection, bilateral cavernous nerve crush plus Nano-adipose derived stem cell intracavernous injection and bilateral cavernous nerve crush plus Nano-adipose derived stem cell intracavernous injection plus magnet. Functional testing and histological analysis were performed 4 weeks after intracavernous injection. RESULTS In the in vitro study 1) NanoShuttle magnetic nanoparticles were successfully bound to adipose derived stem cells and 2) Nano-adipose derived stem cells migrated toward the magnet. In the in vivo study 1) cell tracking showed that Nano-adipose derived stem cells were successfully retained in the corpus cavernosum using the magnet for up to 3 days while most adipose derived stem cells were washed out in other groups by day 1 after intracavernous injection, and 2) intracavernous pressure/mean arterial pressure, and αSMA (α-smooth muscle actin) and PECAM-1 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1) expression in the Nano-adipose derived stem cell group was significantly higher than in the other groups. CONCLUSIONS Magnetization of adipose derived stem cells with NanoShuttle magnetic nanoparticles kept adipose derived stem cells in the corpus cavernosum and improved adipose derived stem cell therapy of erectile dysfunction in an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Lin
- Division of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; Department of Urology and Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nadeem Dhanani
- Division of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | - Grace Wang
- Division of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Yanna Cao
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Tien C Ko
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Run Wang
- Division of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; Department of Urology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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206
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Rozila I, Azari P, Munirah S, Wan Safwani WKZ, Gan SN, Nur Azurah AG, Jahendran J, Pingguan-Murphy B, Chua KH. Differential osteogenic potential of human adipose-derived stem cells co-cultured with human osteoblasts on polymeric microfiber scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 104:377-87. [PMID: 26414782 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The osteogenic potential of human adipose-derived stem cells (HADSCs) co-cultured with human osteoblasts (HOBs) using selected HADSCs/HOBs ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2, respectively, is evaluated. The HADSCs/HOBs were seeded on electrospun three-dimensional poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] (PHB) blended with bovine-derived hydroxyapatite (BHA). Monocultures of HADSCs and HOBs were used as control groups. The effects of PHB-BHA scaffold on cell proliferation and cell morphology were assessed by AlamarBlue assay and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Cell differentiation, cell mineralization, and osteogenic-related gene expression of co-culture HADSCs/HOBs were examined by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, alizarin Red S assay, and quantitative real time PCR, respectively. The results showed that co-culture of HADSCs/HOBs, 1:1 grown into PHB-BHA promoted better cell adhesion, displayed a significant higher cell proliferation, higher production of ALP, extracellular mineralization and osteogenic-related gene expression of run-related transcription factor, bone sialoprotein, osteopontin, and osteocalcin compared to other co-culture groups. This result also suggests that the use of electrospun PHB-BHA in a co-culture HADSCs/HOBs system may serve as promising approach to facilitate osteogenic differentiation activity of HADSCs through direct cell-to-cell contact with HOBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Rozila
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pedram Azari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sha'ban Munirah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | | | - Seng Neon Gan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Ghani Nur Azurah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Belinda Pingguan-Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kien Hui Chua
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mestak O, Hromadkova V, Fajfrova M, Molitor M, Mestak J. Evaluation of Oncological Safety of Fat Grafting After Breast-Conserving Therapy: A Prospective Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 23:776-81. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4908-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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208
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Fast isolation and expansion of multipotent cells from adipose tissue based on chitosan-selected primary culture. Biomaterials 2015; 65:154-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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209
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current treatment of cats with chronic enteropathy frequently includes use of a prescription diet and daily medication administration, with the potential for side effects or problems with owner compliance, and may still result in treatment failure in some cases. The objective of this study was to determine if stem cell therapy was a safe and viable treatment in cases of feline chronic enteropathy. METHODS Allogeneic adipose-derived feline mesenchymal stem cells (fMSC) were used to treat seven cats with diarrhea of no less than 3 months' duration, while four cats with a similar clinical condition received placebo, in a blinded manner. Three additional cats were treated with an identical fMSC protocol, but owners were not blinded to the treatment. Owners completed a questionnaire characterizing clinical signs both before entering the study and 2 weeks following the second of two fMSC or placebo treatments. Owners were also surveyed for similar input by email 1-2 months later before being unblinded to their cat's study group. Besides the fMSC or placebo treatment, no other changes were made in diet, supplement or medication administration during the study. RESULTS No adverse reactions or side effects were attributed to the fMSC therapy in any of the cats. Owners of 5/7 fMSC-treated cats reported significant improvement or complete resolution of clinical signs, while the owner of the remaining two cats reported modest but persistent improvement. Owners of placebo-treated cats reported no change or worsening of clinical signs. Of the owners not blinded to the treatment, one reported marked improvement, one reported no change and one was lost to follow-up. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Although allogeneic adipose-derived fMSC therapy appears to be a safe and potentially effective treatment for cats suffering from chronic enteropathy, these preliminary results require significant follow-up study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L Webb
- Clinical Sciences Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Craig B Webb
- Clinical Sciences Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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210
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Bionaz M, Monaco E, Wheeler MB. Transcription Adaptation during In Vitro Adipogenesis and Osteogenesis of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Dynamics of Pathways, Biological Processes, Up-Stream Regulators, and Gene Networks. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137644. [PMID: 26398344 PMCID: PMC4580618 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for bone regeneration is growing. Among MSC the bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSC) are considered the gold standard in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; however, the adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) have very similar properties and some advantages to be considered a good alternative to BMSC. The molecular mechanisms driving adipogenesis are relatively well-known but mechanisms driving osteogenesis are poorly known, particularly in pig. In the present study we have used transcriptome analysis to unravel pathways and biological functions driving in vitro adipogenesis and osteogenesis in BMSC and ASC. The analysis was performed using the novel Dynamic Impact Approach and functional enrichment analysis. In addition, a k-mean cluster analysis in association with enrichment analysis, networks reconstruction, and transcription factors overlapping analysis were performed in order to uncover the coordination of biological functions underlining differentiations. Analysis indicated a larger and more coordinated transcriptomic adaptation during adipogenesis compared to osteogenesis, with a larger induction of metabolism, particularly lipid synthesis (mostly triglycerides), and a larger use of amino acids for synthesis of feed-forward adipogenic compounds, larger cell signaling, lower cell-to-cell interactions, particularly for the cytoskeleton organization and cell junctions, and lower cell proliferation. The coordination of adipogenesis was mostly driven by Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptors together with other known adipogenic transcription factors. Only a few pathways and functions were more induced during osteogenesis compared to adipogenesis and some were more inhibited during osteogenesis, such as cholesterol and protein synthesis. Up-stream transcription factor analysis indicated activation of several lipid-related transcription regulators (e.g., PPARs and CEBPα) during adipogenesis but osteogenesis was driven by inhibition of several up-stream regulators, such as MYC. Between MSCs the data indicated an ‘adipocyte memory’ in ASC with also an apparent lower immunogenicity compared to BMSC during differentiations. Overall the analysis allowed proposing a dynamic model for the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation in porcine ASC and BMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bionaz
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Engineering in the Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Elisa Monaco
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Engineering in the Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Matthew B. Wheeler
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Engineering in the Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kobolak J, Dinnyes A, Memic A, Khademhosseini A, Mobasheri A. Mesenchymal stem cells: Identification, phenotypic characterization, biological properties and potential for regenerative medicine through biomaterial micro-engineering of their niche. Methods 2015; 99:62-8. [PMID: 26384580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells. Although they were originally identified in bone marrow and described as 'marrow stromal cells', they have since been identified in many other anatomical locations in the body. MSCs can be isolated from bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord and other tissues but the richest tissue source of MSCs is fat. Since they are adherent to plastic, they may be expanded in vitro. MSCs have a distinct morphology and express a specific set of CD (cluster of differentiation) molecules. The phenotypic pattern for the identification of MSCs cells requires expression of CD73, CD90, and CD105 and lack of CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR antigens. Under appropriate micro-environmental conditions MSCs can proliferate and give rise to other cell types. Therefore, they are ideally suited for the treatment of systemic inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. They have also been implicated as key players in regenerating injured tissue following injury and trauma. MSC populations isolated from adipose tissue may also contain regulatory T (Treg) cells, which have the capacity for modulating the immune system. The immunoregulatory and regenerative properties of MSCs make them ideal for use as therapeutic agents in vivo. In this paper we review the literature on the identification, phenotypic characterization and biological properties of MSCs and discuss their potential for applications in cell therapy and regenerative medicine. We also discuss strategies for biomaterial micro-engineering of the stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andras Dinnyes
- Biotalentum Ltd., Gödöllö 2100, Hungary; Szent István University, Gödöllö 2100, Hungary; Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CL, The Netherlands; Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CL, The Netherlands.
| | - Adnan Memic
- Center for Nanotechnology, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, United States; WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, Medical Research Council and Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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212
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Aubin K, Safoine M, Proulx M, Audet-Casgrain MA, Côté JF, Têtu FA, Roy A, Fradette J. Characterization of In Vitro Engineered Human Adipose Tissues: Relevant Adipokine Secretion and Impact of TNF-α. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137612. [PMID: 26367137 PMCID: PMC4569087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Representative modelling of human adipose tissue functions is central to metabolic research. Tridimensional models able to recreate human adipogenesis in a physiological tissue-like context in vitro are still scarce. We describe the engineering of white adipose tissues reconstructed from their cultured adipose-derived stromal precursor cells. We hypothesize that these reconstructed tissues can recapitulate key functions of AT under basal and pro-inflammatory conditions. These tissues, featuring human adipocytes surrounded by stroma, were stable and metabolically active in long-term cultures (at least 11 weeks). Secretion of major adipokines and growth factors by the reconstructed tissues was determined and compared to media conditioned by human native fat explants. Interestingly, the secretory profiles of the reconstructed adipose tissues indicated an abundant production of leptin, PAI-1 and angiopoietin-1 proteins, while higher HGF levels were detected for the human fat explants. We next demonstrated the responsiveness of the tissues to the pro-inflammatory stimulus TNF-α, as reflected by modulation of MCP-1, NGF and HGF secretion, while VEGF and leptin protein expression did not vary. TNF-α exposure induced changes in gene expression for adipocyte metabolism-associated mRNAs such as SLC2A4, FASN and LIPE, as well as for genes implicated in NF-κB activation. Finally, this model was customized to feature adipocytes representative of progressive stages of differentiation, thereby allowing investigations using newly differentiated or more mature adipocytes. In conclusion, we produced tridimensional tissues engineered in vitro that are able to recapitulate key characteristics of subcutaneous white adipose tissue. These tissues are produced from human cells and their neo-synthesized matrix elements without exogenous or synthetic biomaterials. Therefore, they represent unique tools to investigate the effects of pharmacologically active products on human stromal cells, extracellular matrix and differentiated adipocytes, in addition to compounds modulating adipogenesis from precursor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Aubin
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l’Université Laval / LOEX, Québec, Canada
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec, Canada
| | - Meryem Safoine
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l’Université Laval / LOEX, Québec, Canada
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec, Canada
| | - Maryse Proulx
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l’Université Laval / LOEX, Québec, Canada
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Jean-François Côté
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l’Université Laval / LOEX, Québec, Canada
| | - Félix-André Têtu
- Clinique de chirurgie esthétique Félix-André Têtu and CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Alphonse Roy
- Clinique de chirurgie plastique Alphonse Roy and CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Julie Fradette
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l’Université Laval / LOEX, Québec, Canada
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Comprehensive Review of Adipose Stem Cells and Their Implication in Distraction Osteogenesis and Bone Regeneration. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:842975. [PMID: 26448947 PMCID: PMC4584039 DOI: 10.1155/2015/842975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bone is one of the most dynamic tissues in the human body that can heal following injury without leaving a scar. However, in instances of extensive bone loss, this intrinsic capacity of bone to heal may not be sufficient and external intervention becomes necessary. Several techniques are available to address this problem, including autogenous bone grafts and allografts. However, all these techniques have their own limitations. An alternative method is the technique of distraction osteogenesis, where gradual and controlled distraction of two bony segments after osteotomy leads to induction of new bone formation. Although distraction osteogenesis usually gives satisfactory results, its major limitation is the prolonged duration of time required before the external fixator is removed, which may lead to numerous complications. Numerous methods to accelerate bone formation in the context of distraction osteogenesis have been reported. A viable alternative to autogenous bone grafts for a source of osteogenic cells is mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow. However, there are certain problems with bone marrow aspirate. Hence, scientists have investigated other sources for mesenchymal stem cells, specifically adipose tissue, which has been shown to be an excellent source of mesenchymal stem cells. In this paper, the potential use of adipose stem cells to stimulate bone formation is discussed.
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Kavanagh JN, Waring EJ, Prise KM. Radiation responses of stem cells: targeted and non-targeted effects. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2015; 166:110-117. [PMID: 25877536 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are fundamental to the development of any tissue or organism via their ability to self-renew, which is aided by their unlimited proliferative capacity and their ability to produce fully differentiated offspring, often from multiple lineages. Stems cells are long lived and have the potential to accumulate mutations, including in response to radiation exposure. It is thought that stem cells have the potential to be induced into a cancer stem cell phenotype and that these may play an important role in resistance to radiotherapy. For radiation-induced carcinogenesis, the role of targeted and non-targeted effects is unclear with tissue or origin being important. Studies of genomic instability and bystander responses have shown consistent effects in haematopoietic models. Several models of radiation have predicted that stem cells play an important role in tumour initiation and that bystander responses could play a role in proliferation and self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Kavanagh
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - E J Waring
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - K M Prise
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
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215
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Gorski DJ, Xiao W, Li J, Luo W, Lauer M, Kisiday J, Plaas A, Sandy J. Deletion of ADAMTS5 does not affect aggrecan or versican degradation but promotes glucose uptake and proteoglycan synthesis in murine adipose derived stromal cells. Matrix Biol 2015; 47:66-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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216
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Palumbo P, Miconi G, Cinque B, La Torre C, Lombardi F, Zoccali G, Orsini G, Leocata P, Giuliani M, Cifone MG. In vitro evaluation of different methods of handling human liposuction aspirate and their effect on adipocytes and adipose derived stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:1974-81. [PMID: 25736190 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, fat tissue transplantation is widely used in regenerative and reconstructive surgery. However, a shared method of lipoaspirate handling for ensuring a good quality fat transplant has not yet been established. The study was to identify a method to recover from the lipoaspirate samples the highest number of human viable adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSCs) included in stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells and of adipocytes suitable for transplantation, avoiding an extreme handling. We compared the lipoaspirate spontaneous stratification (10-20-30 min) with the centrifugation technique at different speeds (90-400-1500 × g). After each procedure, lipoaspirate was separated into top oily lipid layer, liquid fraction, "middle layer", and bottom layer. We assessed the number of both adipocytes in the middle layer and SVF cells in all layers. The histology of middle layer and the surface phenotype of SVF cells by stemness markers (CD105+, CD90+, CD45-) was analyzed as well. The results showed a normal architecture in all conditions except for samples centrifuged at 1500 × g. In both methods, the flow cytometry analysis showed that greater number of ADSCs was in middle layer; in the fluid portion and in bottom layer was not revealed significant expression levels of stemness markers. Our findings indicate that spontaneous stratification at 20 min and centrifugation at 400 × g are efficient approaches to obtain highly viable ADSCs cells and adipocytes, ensuring a good thickness of lipoaspirate for autologous fat transfer. Since an important aspect of surgery practice consists of gain time, the 400 × g centrifugation could be the recommended method when the necessary instrumentation is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Palumbo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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In Vitro Effects of Strontium on Proliferation and Osteoinduction of Human Preadipocytes. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:871863. [PMID: 26240575 PMCID: PMC4512617 DOI: 10.1155/2015/871863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of tools to be used for in vivo bone tissue regeneration focuses on cellular models and differentiation processes. In searching for all the optimal sources, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs or preadipocytes) are able to differentiate into osteoblasts with analogous characteristics to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, producing alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen, osteocalcin, and calcified nodules, mainly composed of hydroxyapatite (HA). The possibility to influence bone differentiation of stem cells encompasses local and systemic methods, including the use of drugs administered systemically. Among the latter, strontium ranelate (SR) represents an interesting compound, acting as an uncoupling factor that stimulates bone formation and inhibits bone resorption. The aim of our study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of a wide range of strontium (Sr(2+)) concentrations on proliferation, ALP activity, and mineralization of a novel finite clonal hADSCs cell line, named PA20-h5. Sr(2+) promoted PA20-h5 cell proliferation while inducing the increase of ALP activity and gene expression as well as HA production during in vitro osteoinduction. These findings indicate a role for Sr(2+) in supporting bone regeneration during the process of skeletal repair in general, and, more specifically, when cell therapies are applied.
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218
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Storck K, Ell J, Regn S, Rittler-Ungetüm B, Mayer H, Schantz T, Müller D, Buchberger M. Optimization of in vitro cultivation strategies for human adipocyte derived stem cells. Adipocyte 2015; 4:181-7. [PMID: 26257991 PMCID: PMC4496977 DOI: 10.4161/21623945.2014.987580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With adipose-derived stem cells being in the focus of research in regenerative medicine, the need arises for fast reliable cultivation protocols. We have tested the cultivation of human adipose-derived stem cells in endothelial cell growth medium prior to induction and differentiation, against the long-established use of DMEM/F12 medium-based cultivation protocols. We found that cultivation in endothelial cell growth medium not only accelerates growth before induction and differentiation, but also allows shorter induction and differentiation times than those following precultivation with DMEM/F12 medium with regard to the formation of mature adipocytes and to the viability undifferentiated cells. These results were first observed morphologically but could be confirmed by performing adiponectin ELISA and cell proliferation assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Storck
- Department of Oto- Rhino- Laryngology; Head and Neck Surgery; Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München; Munich, Germany
| | - J Ell
- Department of Oto- Rhino- Laryngology; Head and Neck Surgery; Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München; Munich, Germany
| | - S Regn
- Department of Oto- Rhino- Laryngology; Head and Neck Surgery; Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München; Munich, Germany
| | - B Rittler-Ungetüm
- Department of Oto- Rhino- Laryngology; Head and Neck Surgery; Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München; Munich, Germany
| | - H Mayer
- Department of Oto- Rhino- Laryngology; Head and Neck Surgery; Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München; Munich, Germany
| | - T Schantz
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München; Munich, Germany
| | - D Müller
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München; Munich, Germany
| | - M Buchberger
- Department of Oto- Rhino- Laryngology; Head and Neck Surgery; Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München; Munich, Germany
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De Francesco F, Ricci G, D'Andrea F, Nicoletti GF, Ferraro GA. Human Adipose Stem Cells: From Bench to Bedside. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2015; 21:572-84. [PMID: 25953464 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies for repair and regeneration of different tissues are becoming more important in the treatment of several diseases. Adult stem cells currently symbolize the most available source of cell progenitors for tissue engineering and repair and can be harvested using minimally invasive procedures. Moreover, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the most widely used stem cells in stem cell-based therapies, are multipotent progenitors, with capability to differentiate into cartilage, bone, connective, muscle, and adipose tissue. So far, bone marrow has been regarded as the main source of MSCs. To date, human adult adipose tissue may be the best suitable alternative source of MSCs. Adipose stem cells (ASCs) can be largely extracted from subcutaneous human adult adipose tissue. A large number of studies show that adipose tissue contains a biologically and clinically interesting heterogeneous cell population called stromal vascular fraction (SVF). The SVF may be employed directly or cultured for selection and expansion of an adherent population, so called adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). In recent years, literature based on data related to SVF cells and ASCs has augmented considerably: These studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of SVF cells and ASCs in vivo in animal models. On the basis of these observations, in several countries, various clinical trials involving SVF cells and ASCs have been permitted. This review aims at summarizing data regarding either ASCs cellular biology or ASCs-based clinical trials and at discussing the possible future clinical translation of ASCs and their potentiality in cell-based tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Francesco
- 1 Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Second University of Naples , Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Ricci
- 2 Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples , Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco D'Andrea
- 1 Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Second University of Naples , Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti
- 1 Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Second University of Naples , Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Andrea Ferraro
- 1 Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Second University of Naples , Naples, Italy
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Phenotypic and Functional Properties of Porcine Dedifferentiated Fat Cells during the Long-Term Culture In Vitro. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:673651. [PMID: 26090433 PMCID: PMC4450286 DOI: 10.1155/2015/673651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It has been proved that terminally differentiated mature adipocytes possess abilities to dedifferentiate into fibroblast-like progeny cells with self-renewal and multiple differentiation, termed dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells. However, the biological properties of DFAT cells during long-term culture in vitro have not been elucidated. Here, we obtained fibroblast-like morphology of porcine DFAT cells by ceiling culture. During the dedifferentiation process, round mature adipocytes with single large lipid droplets changed into spindle-shaped cells accompanied by the adipogenic markers PPARγ, aP2, LPL, and Adiponectin significant downregulation. Flow cytometric analysis showed that porcine DFAT cells displayed similar cell-surface antigen profile to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Furthermore, different passages of porcine DFAT cells during long-term culture in vitro retained high levels of cell viabilities (>97%), efficient proliferative capacity including population doubling time ranged from 20 h to 22 h and population doubling reached 47.40 ± 1.64 by 58 days of culture. In addition, porcine DFAT cells maintained the multiple differentiation capabilities into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and skeletal myocytes and displayed normal chromosomal karyotypes for prolonged passaging. Therefore, porcine DFAT cells may be a novel model of stem cells for studying the functions of gene in the different biological events.
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221
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Does the liposuction method influence the phenotypic characteristic of human adipose-derived stem cells? Biosci Rep 2015; 35:BSR20150067. [PMID: 26182374 PMCID: PMC4613685 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20150067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in antigen expression of 58 markers of the 242 studied. The method of liposuction has no significant impact on antigens profile in cultured ASCs (adipose-derived stem cells). Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) possess a high differentiation and proliferation potential. However, the phenotypic characterization of ASCs is still difficult. Until now, there is no extensive analysis of ASCs markers depending on different liposuction methods. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyse 242 surface markers and determine the differences in the phenotypic pattern between ASCs obtained during mechanical and ultrasound-assisted liposuction. ASCs were isolated from healthy donors, due to mechanical and ultrasound-assisted liposuction and cultured in standard medium to the second passage. Differentiation potential and markers expression was evaluated to confirm the mesenchymal nature of cells. Then, the BD LyoplateTM Human Cell Surface Marker Screening Panel was used. Results shown that both population of ASCs are characterized by high expression of markers specific for ASCs: cluster of differentiation (CD)9, CD10, CD34, CD44, CD49d, CD54, CD55, CD59, CD71 and low expression of CD11a, CD11c and CD144. Moreover, we have noticed significant differences in antigen expression in 58 markers from the 242 studied. Presented study shows for the first time that different liposuction methods are not a significant factor which can influence the expression of human ASCs surface markers.
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222
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Paula ACC, Martins TMM, Zonari A, Frade SPPJ, Angelo PC, Gomes DA, Goes AM. Human adipose tissue-derived stem cells cultured in xeno-free culture condition enhance c-MYC expression increasing proliferation but bypassing spontaneous cell transformation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:76. [PMID: 25889298 PMCID: PMC4455683 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0030-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASCs) are attractive cells for therapeutic applications and are currently being evaluated in multiple clinical trials. Prior to their clinical application, hASCs must be expanded ex vivo to obtain the required number of cells for transplantation. Fetal bovine serum is the supplement most widely used for cell culture, but it has disadvantages and it is not safe for cell therapy due to the risks of pathogen transmission and immune reaction. Furthermore, the cell expansion poses a risk of accumulating genetic abnormalities that could lead to malignant cell transformation. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the proliferation pattern as well as the resistance to spontaneous transformation of hASCs during expansion in a xeno-free culture condition. Methods hASCs were expanded in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with pooled allogeneic human serum or fetal bovine serum to enable a side-by-side comparison. Cell viability and differentiation capacity toward the mesenchymal lineages were assessed, along with immunophenotype. Ki-67 expression and the proliferation kinetics were investigated. The expression of the transcription factors c-FOS and c-MYC was examined with Western blot, and MYC, CDKN2A, ERBB2 and TERT gene expression was assessed with quantitative PCR. Senescence was evaluated by β-gal staining. Karyotype analysis was performed and tumorigenesis assay in vivo was also evaluated. Results The hASCs expanded in medium with pooled allogeneic human serum did not show remarkable differences in morphology, viability, differentiation capacity or immunophenotype. The main difference observed was a significantly higher proliferative effect on hASCs cultured in pooled allogeneic human serum. There was no significant difference in C-FOS expression; however, C-MYC protein expression was enhanced in pooled allogeneic human serum cultures compared to fetal bovine serum cultures. No difference was observed in MYC and TERT mRNA levels. Moreover, the hASCs presented normal karyotype undergoing senescence, and did not form in vivo tumors, eliminating the possibility that spontaneous immortalization of hASCs had occurred with pooled allogeneic human serum. Conclusions This complete characterization of hASCs cultivated in pooled allogeneic human serum, a suitable xeno-free approach, shows that pooled allogeneic human serum provides a high proliferation rate, which can be attributed for the first time to C-MYC protein expression, and showed cell stability for safe clinical applications in compliance with good manufacturing practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C C Paula
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-910, Brazil.
| | - Thaís M M Martins
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-910, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Zonari
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-910, Brazil.
| | - Soraia P P J Frade
- Instituto Hermes Pardini, Av. das Nações, 2448, Vespasiano, Minas Gerais, 33200-000, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia C Angelo
- Instituto Hermes Pardini, Av. das Nações, 2448, Vespasiano, Minas Gerais, 33200-000, Brazil.
| | - Dawidson A Gomes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-910, Brazil.
| | - Alfredo M Goes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-910, Brazil.
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Iwen KA, Priewe AC, Winnefeld M, Rose C, Siemers F, Rohwedel J, Cakiroglu F, Lehnert H, Schepky A, Klein J, Kramer J. Gluteal and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue depots as stroma cell source: gluteal cells display increased adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potentials. Exp Dermatol 2015; 23:395-400. [PMID: 24689514 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stroma cells (ADSCs) have successfully been employed in explorative therapeutic studies. Current evidence suggests that ADSCs are unevenly distributed in subcutaneous adipose tissue; therefore, the anatomical origin of ADSCs may influence clinical outcomes. This study was designed to investigate proliferation and differentiation capacities of ADSCs from the gluteal and abdominal depot of 8 females. All had normal BMI (22.01 ± 0.39 kg/m(2) ) and waist circumference (81.13 ± 2.33 cm). Examination by physicians and analysis of 31 laboratory parameters did not reveal possibly confounding medical disorders. Gluteal and abdominal adipose tissue was sampled by en bloc resection on day 7 (±1) after the last menses. Histological examination did not reveal significant depot-specific differences. As assessed by BrdU assay, proliferation of cells from both depots was similar after 24 h and analysis of 15 cell surface markers by flow cytometry identified the isolated cells as ADSCs, again without depot-specific differences. ADSCs from both depots differentiated poorly to chondroblasts. Gluteal ADSCs displayed significantly higher adipogenic differentiation potential than abdominal cells. Osteogenic differentiation was most pronounced in gluteal cells, whereas differentiation of abdominal ADSCs was severely impaired. Our data demonstrate a depot-specific difference in ADSC differentiation potential with abdominal cells failing to meet the criteria of multipotent ADSCs. This finding should be taken into account in future explorations of ADSC-derived therapeutic strategies.
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224
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Chen G, Jin Y, Shi X, Qiu Y, Zhang Y, Cheng M, Wang X, Chen C, Wu Y, Jiang F, Li L, Zhou H, Fu Q, Liu X. Adipose-derived stem cell-based treatment for acute liver failure. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:40. [PMID: 25890008 PMCID: PMC4425851 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute liver failure (ALF) is a highly lethal disease, for which effective therapeutic methods are limited. Although allogeneic liver transplantation is a viable treatment method for ALF, there is a serious shortage of liver donors. Recent studies suggest that stem cell transplantation is a more promising alternative. Hence, we investigate whether human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have the therapeutic potential for ALF in this study based on the studies of rat models. METHODS Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish ALF models by D-galactosamine injection. These rats were randomly divided into a human ASC-treated group and a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control group. The human ASCs or PBS was transplanted through the spleen of rats. The indices of hepatic function and hepatic histology were dynamically detected, and the survival rates of rats were also counted. Double-fluorescence immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the ASC fate after transplantation. Moreover, both concentrated ASC conditional media and ASC lysates were transplanted through the femoral vain of rats to investigate the therapeutic potential for ALF. RESULTS The ASC transplantation group showed improved viability in comparison with the sham control. Histological and biochemical analysis suggested that liver morphology and function were improved in terms of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Although a plethora of ASCs persist in the spleen, the improvement in liver function was obvious. However, ASCs did not differentiate into hepatocytes after engrafting to livers within 3 days. In addition, both concentrated serum-free ASC conditional media and ASC lysates, characterized by high levels of hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor, demonstrated obvious improvement in terms of high survival rates of ALF rats. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that ASC transplantation has the potential for ALF treatment partly by the mechanism of secreting growth factors contributing to liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfeng Chen
- Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchangzhong Road, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.
| | - Yinpeng Jin
- Shanghai Liver Diseases Research Center, The Nanjing Military Command, 9585 Humin Road, Shanghai, 200235, P.R. China.
| | - Xiujuan Shi
- Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchangzhong Road, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.
| | - Yu Qiu
- Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchangzhong Road, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.
| | - Yushan Zhang
- Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchangzhong Road, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.
| | - Mingliang Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital, Guiyang Medical College, 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, 550004, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaojin Wang
- Shanghai Liver Diseases Research Center, The Nanjing Military Command, 9585 Humin Road, Shanghai, 200235, P.R. China.
| | - Chengwei Chen
- Shanghai Liver Diseases Research Center, The Nanjing Military Command, 9585 Humin Road, Shanghai, 200235, P.R. China.
| | - Yinxia Wu
- Shanghai Liver Diseases Research Center, The Nanjing Military Command, 9585 Humin Road, Shanghai, 200235, P.R. China.
| | - Fuzhu Jiang
- Shanghai Liver Diseases Research Center, The Nanjing Military Command, 9585 Humin Road, Shanghai, 200235, P.R. China.
| | - Li Li
- Shanghai Liver Diseases Research Center, The Nanjing Military Command, 9585 Humin Road, Shanghai, 200235, P.R. China.
| | - Heng Zhou
- Shanghai Liver Diseases Research Center, The Nanjing Military Command, 9585 Humin Road, Shanghai, 200235, P.R. China.
| | - Qingchun Fu
- Shanghai Liver Diseases Research Center, The Nanjing Military Command, 9585 Humin Road, Shanghai, 200235, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchangzhong Road, Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China.
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Heo SC, Shin WC, Lee MJ, Kim BR, Jang IH, Choi EJ, Lee JS, Kim JH. Periostin accelerates bone healing mediated by human mesenchymal stem cell-embedded hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate scaffold. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116698. [PMID: 25775460 PMCID: PMC4361583 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periostin, an extracellular matrix protein, is expressed in bone, more specifically, the periosteum and periodontal ligaments, and plays a key role in formation and metabolism of bone tissues. Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) have been reported to differentiate into osteoblasts and stimulate bone repair. However, the role of periostin in hASC-mediated bone healing has not been clarified. In the current study, we examined the effect of periostin on bone healing capacity of hASCs in a critical size calvarial defect model. METHODS AND RESULTS Recombinant periostin protein stimulated migration, adhesion, and proliferation of hASCs in vitro. Implantation of either hASCs or periostin resulted in slight, but not significant, stimulation of bone healing, whereas co-implantation of hASCs together with periostin further potentiated bone healing. In addition, the number of Ki67-positive proliferating cells was significantly increased in calvarial defects by co-implantation of both hASCs and periostin. Consistently, proliferation of administered hASCs was stimulated by co-implantation with periostin in vivo. In addition, co-delivery of hASCs with periostin resulted in markedly increased numbers of CD31-positive endothelial cells and α-SMA-positive arterioles in calvarial defects. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that recombinant periostin potentiates hASC-mediated bone healing by stimulating proliferation of transplanted hASCs and angiogenesis in calvarial defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Chul Heo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Chul Shin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ba Reun Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ho Jang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Choi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Sub Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (JHK); (JSL)
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 626-770, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (JHK); (JSL)
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226
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Carraro U, Boncompagni S, Gobbo V, Rossini K, Zampieri S, Mosole S, Ravara B, Nori A, Stramare R, Ambrosio F, Piccione F, Masiero S, Vindigni V, Gargiulo P, Protasi F, Kern H, Pond A, Marcante A. Persistent Muscle Fiber Regeneration in Long Term Denervation. Past, Present, Future. Eur J Transl Myol 2015; 25:4832. [PMID: 26913148 PMCID: PMC4383182 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2015.4832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the ravages of long term denervation there is structural and ultrastructural evidence for survival of muscle fibers in mammals, with some fibers surviving at least ten months in rodents and 3-6 years in humans. Further, in rodents there is evidence that muscle fibers may regenerate even after repeated damage in the absence of the nerve, and that this potential is maintained for several months after denervation. While in animal models permanently denervated muscle sooner or later loses the ability to contract, the muscles may maintain their size and ability to function if electrically stimulated soon after denervation. Whether in mammals, humans included, this is a result of persistent de novo formation of muscle fibers is an open issue we would like to explore in this review. During the past decade, we have studied muscle biopsies from the quadriceps muscle of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) patients suffering with Conus and Cauda Equina syndrome, a condition that fully and irreversibly disconnects skeletal muscle fibers from their damaged innervating motor neurons. We have demonstrated that human denervated muscle fibers survive years of denervation and can be rescued from severe atrophy by home-based Functional Electrical Stimulation (h-bFES). Using immunohistochemistry with both non-stimulated and the h-bFES stimulated human muscle biopsies, we have observed the persistent presence of muscle fibers which are positive to labeling by an antibody which specifically recognizes the embryonic myosin heavy chain (MHCemb). Relative to the total number of fibers present, only a small percentage of these MHCemb positive fibers are detected, suggesting that they are regenerating muscle fibers and not pre-existing myofibers re-expressing embryonic isoforms. Although embryonic isoforms of acetylcholine receptors are known to be re-expressed and to spread from the end-plate to the sarcolemma of muscle fibers in early phases of muscle denervation, we suggest that the MHCemb positive muscle fibers we observe result from the activation, proliferation and fusion of satellite cells, the myogenic precursors present under the basal lamina of the muscle fibers. Using morphological features and molecular biomarkers, we show that severely atrophic muscle fibers, with a peculiar cluster reorganization of myonuclei, are present in rodent muscle seven-months after neurectomy and in human muscles 30-months after complete Conus-Cauda Equina Syndrome and that these are structurally distinct from early myotubes. Beyond reviewing evidence from rodent and human studies, we add some ultrastructural evidence of muscle fiber regeneration in long-term denervated human muscles and discuss the options to substantially increase the regenerative potential of severely denervated human muscles not having been treated with h-bFES. Some of the mandatory procedures, are ready to be translated from animal experiments to clinical studies to meet the needs of persons with long-term irreversible muscle denervation. An European Project, the trial Rise4EU (Rise for You, a personalized treatment for recovery of function of denervated muscle in long-term stable SCI) will hopefully follow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Carraro
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Foundation San Camillo Hospital, I.R.C.C.S., Venice, Italy
| | - Simona Boncompagni
- CeSI, Center for Research on Aging, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti, Italy
| | - Valerio Gobbo
- C.N.R. Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Katia Rossini
- Translational Myology, Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology of the University of Padova CIR-Myo, Department of Biomedical Science, Padova, Italy
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Zampieri
- Translational Myology, Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology of the University of Padova CIR-Myo, Department of Biomedical Science, Padova, Italy
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Mosole
- Translational Myology, Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology of the University of Padova CIR-Myo, Department of Biomedical Science, Padova, Italy
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Ravara
- Translational Myology, Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology of the University of Padova CIR-Myo, Department of Biomedical Science, Padova, Italy
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessandra Nori
- Translational Myology, Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology of the University of Padova CIR-Myo, Department of Biomedical Science, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Stramare
- CIR-Myo, Department of Medicine, Radiology Unit, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Ambrosio
- Antalgic Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Piccione
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Foundation San Camillo Hospital, I.R.C.C.S., Venice, Italy
| | - Stefano Masiero
- CIR-Myo, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation Unit, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Vindigni
- CIR-Myo, Department of Neuroscience, Plastic Surgery Unit, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Gargiulo
- Department of Science, Education, Innovation, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- CeSI, Center for Research on Aging, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti, Italy
| | - Helmut Kern
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physical Medicine, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amber Pond
- Anatomy Department, Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrea Marcante
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Foundation San Camillo Hospital, I.R.C.C.S., Venice, Italy
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Lin HP, Chan TM, Fu RH, Chuu CP, Chiu SC, Tseng YH, Liu SP, Lai KC, Shih MC, Lin ZS, Chen HS, Yeh DC, Lin SZ. Applicability of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Cell Transplant 2015; 24:521-32. [PMID: 25621468 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x686977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a form of early onset diabetes mellitus characterized by the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells (IPCs), resulting in hyperglycemia and abnormal glucose metabolism. There are currently no treatments available capable of completely curing the symptoms associated with the loss or functional defects of IPCs. Nonetheless, stem cell therapy has demonstrated considerable promise in the replacement of IPCs with immunomodulatory functions to overcome the defects caused by T1DM. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are particularly suitable for use in cell transplantation therapy, especially when seeking to avoid the ethical issues and tumorigenic complications commonly associated with embryos or induced pluripotent stem cells. Cell-based treatments have demonstrated therapeutic advantages and clinical applicability of ADSCs in T1DM, ensuring their suitability for transplantation therapy. This manuscript focuses on the benefits and possible mechanisms in a T1DM-relevant model and displays positive results from finished or ongoing human clinical trials. We also discuss and hypothesize potential methods to further enhance the therapeutic efficacy of these efforts, such as a humanized rodent model and gene therapies for IPC clusters, to meet the clinical applicability of the standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ping Lin
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Min Chan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, China Medical University Beigan Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, China Medical University-An-Nan Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Huei Fu
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Pin Chuu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chih Chiu
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiung Tseng
- Department of Nephrology, China Medical University Beigan Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Social Work, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Chi Lai
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Beigan Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Chin Shih
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, China Medical University-An-Nan Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Zung-Sheng Lin
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Beigan Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Shui Chen
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Da-Chuan Yeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Beigan Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Beigan Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University-An-Nan Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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228
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Zhou L, Xia J, Qiu X, Wang P, Jia R, Chen Y, Yang B, Dai Y. In vitro evaluation of endothelial progenitor cells from adipose tissue as potential angiogenic cell sources for bladder angiogenesis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117644. [PMID: 25706311 PMCID: PMC4338275 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) might be alternative angiogenic cell sources for vascularization of tissue-engineered bladder, while isolation and culture of EPCs from peripheral blood in adult are usually time-consuming and highly inefficient. Recent evidence has shown that EPCs also exist in the adipose tissue. As adipose tissue is plentiful in the human body and can be easily harvested through a minimally invasive method, the aim of this study was to culture and characterize EPCs from adipose tissue (ADEPCs) and investigate their potential for the neovascularization of tissue-engineered bladder. Adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was isolated and used for the culture of ADEPCs and adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs). After SVF was cultured for one week, ADEPCs with typical cobblestone morphology emerged and could be isolated from ADSCs according to their different responses to trypsinization. Rat bladder smooth muscle cells (RBSMCs) were isolated and cultured from rat bladder. RBSMCs exhibited typical spindle-shaped morphology. ADEPCs had higher proliferative potential than ADSCs and RBSMCs. ADEPCs stained positive for CD34, Stro-1, VEGFR-2, eNOS and CD31 but negative for α-SMA, CD14 and CD45. ADSCs stained positive for CD34, Stro-1 and α-SMA but negative for VEGFR-2, eNOS, CD31, CD14 and CD45. RBSMCs stained only positive for α-SMA. ADEPCs could be expanded from a single cell at an early passage to a cell cluster containing more than 10,000 cells. ADEPCs were able to uptake DiI-Ac-LDL, bind UEA-1 and form capillary-like structures in three-dimensional scaffolds (Matrigel and bladder acellular matrix). ADEPCs were also able to enhance the human umbilical vein endothelial cells’ capability of capillary-like tube formation on Matrigel. Additionally, significantly higher levels of mRNA and protein of vascular endothelial growth factor were found in ADEPCs than in RBSMCs. These results suggest the potential use of ADEPCs as angiogenic cell sources for engineering bladder tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhua Zhou
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiadong Xia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuefeng Qiu
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengji Wang
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (BY); (YTD)
| | - Yutian Dai
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail: (BY); (YTD)
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Dragging human mesenchymal stem cells with the aid of supramolecular assemblies of single-walled carbon nanotubes, molecular magnets, and peptides in a magnetic field. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:143504. [PMID: 25688350 PMCID: PMC4321095 DOI: 10.1155/2015/143504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) are an attractive cell source for therapeutic applicability in diverse fields for the repair and regeneration of damaged or malfunctioning tissues and organs. There is a growing number of cell therapies using stem cells due to their characteristics of modulation of immune system and reduction of acute rejection. So a challenge in stem cells therapy is the delivery of cells to the organ of interest, a specific site. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effects of a supramolecular assembly composed of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), molecular magnets (lawsone-Co-phenanthroline), and a synthetic peptide (FWYANHYWFHNAFWYANHYWFHNA) in the hASCs cultures. The hASCs were isolated, characterized, expanded, and cultured with the SWCNT supramolecular assembly (SWCNT-MA). The assembly developed did not impair the cell characteristics, viability, or proliferation. During growth, the cells were strongly attached to the assembly and they could be dragged by an applied magnetic field of less than 0.3 T. These assemblies were narrower than their related allotropic forms, that is, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and they could therefore be used to guide cells through thin blood capillaries within the human body. This strategy seems to be useful as noninvasive and nontoxic stem cells delivery/guidance and tracking during cell therapy.
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230
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Hassan WU, Greiser U, Wang W. Role of adipose-derived stem cells in wound healing. Wound Repair Regen 2015; 22:313-25. [PMID: 24844331 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Impaired wound healing remains a challenge to date and causes debilitating effects with tremendous suffering. Recent advances in tissue engineering approaches in the area of cell therapy have provided promising treatment options to meet the challenges of impaired skin wound healing such as diabetic foot ulcers. Over the last few years, stem cell therapy has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach for various diseases including wound repair and tissue regeneration. Several different types of stem cells have been studied in both preclinical and clinical settings such as bone marrow-derived stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), circulating angiogenic cells (e.g., endothelial progenitor cells), human dermal fibroblasts, and keratinocytes for wound healing. Adipose tissue is an abundant source of mesenchymal stem cells, which have shown an improved outcome in wound healing studies. ASCs are pluripotent stem cells with the ability to differentiate into different lineages and to secrete paracrine factors initiating tissue regeneration process. The abundant supply of fat tissue, ease of isolation, extensive proliferative capacities ex vivo, and their ability to secrete pro-angiogenic growth factors make them an ideal cell type to use in therapies for the treatment of nonhealing wounds. In this review, we look at the pathogenesis of chronic wounds, role of stem cells in wound healing, and more specifically look at the role of ASCs, their mechanism of action and their safety profile in wound repair and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ul Hassan
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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231
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Wei C, Li X, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Liu T, Jiang S, Han F, Zhang Y. Characterization of porcine partially reprogrammed iPSCs from adipose-derived stem cells. Reproduction 2015; 149:485-96. [PMID: 25646510 DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Partially reprogrammed induced pluripotent stem cells (PiPSCs) have great potential for investigating reprogramming mechanisms and represent an alternative potential material for making genetically modified animals and regenerative medicine. To date, PiPSCs have scarcely been reported in detail when compared with mice and humans. In this study, we obtained PiPSCs from porcine adipose-derived stem cells (pADSCs) by ectopic expression of human transcription factors (OCT4, SOX2, c-MYC, and KLF4) in feeder-free condition. The morphology and proliferation activity of porcine PiPSCs (pPiPSCs) were similar to those of porcine fully reprogrammed iPSCs (pFiPSCs); furthermore, pPiPSCs expressed higher levels of the typical surface molecules (CD29) found in pADSCs. However, pPiPSCs were negative for key proteins (NANOG) connected with stemness and possessed lower differentiation ability in vivo and in vitro. When differentiation-inhibiting factors were withdrawn, pPiPSCs-derived cells (pPiPSC-DCs) showed similar features to pADSCs in many aspects, including proliferation, differentiation, and immunosuppression. When both types of cells were used to produce cloned embryos, we found that the blastocyst formation rate of 19DC (one of the pPiPSC-DC cell lines)-derived cloned embryos was obviously higher than that of others. The total cell number of 19DC-derived blastocysts was significantly higher than the 30DC (one pFiPSC-DC cell line)-derived blastocysts. In all, through limited differentiation ability, the proliferation activity of pPiPSCs is similar to that of pFiPSCs, and pPiPSCs can retain several of the features of pADSCs, which are beneficial to cell therapy. Furthermore, the differentiation of pPiPSCs is more favorable for producing high-quality reconstructed embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wei
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and BreedingCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Xia Li
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and BreedingCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and BreedingCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and BreedingCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and BreedingCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Shaoshuai Jiang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and BreedingCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Fei Han
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and BreedingCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and BreedingCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
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232
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Sato K, Itoh T, Kato T, Kitamura Y, Kaul SC, Wadhwa R, Sato F, Ohneda O. Serum-free isolation and culture system to enhance the proliferation and bone regeneration of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2015; 51:515-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-014-9860-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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233
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Lamas NJ, Serra SC, Salgado AJ, Sousa N. Failure of Y-27632 to improve the culture of adult human adipose-derived stem cells. STEM CELLS AND CLONING-ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 2015; 8:15-26. [PMID: 25609984 PMCID: PMC4293935 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s66597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Y-27632 is a well-known inhibitor of the Rho-associated coiled kinase (ROCK) and has been shown to significantly improve the culture of a variety of multipotent stem cell types. However, the effects of Y-27632 on the expansion of adult human adipose-derived stem cell (hADSC) cultures remain to be established. Here, we aimed to characterize the effects of Y-27632 on the culture of hADSCs. Adult hADSCs were isolated from subjects submitted to elective plastic surgery procedures and cultivated in vitro under optimized conditions. Our results show that the continuous supplementation of hADSC cultures with Y-27632 led to decreased numbers of cells and decreased global metabolic viability of hADSC cultures when compared with control conditions. This effect appeared to be dependent on the continuous presence of the drug and was shown to be concentration-dependent and significant for 10 μM and 20 μM of Y-27632. Moreover, the Y-27632-induced decrease in hADSC numbers was not linked to a block in global cell proliferation, as cell numbers consistently increased from the moment of plating until passaging. In addition, Y-27632 was not able to increase the number of hADSCs present in culture 24 hours after passaging. Taken together, our results suggest that, in contrast to other stem cell types, Y-27632 supplementation is not a suitable strategy to enhance hADSC culture expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Jorge Lamas
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences (ECS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal ; Clinical Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar do Alto Ave (CHAA), EPE, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sofia C Serra
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences (ECS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António J Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences (ECS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences (ECS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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234
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Van Pham P, Bui KHT, Ngo DQ, Doan TTP, Vu NB, Truong NH, Le DM, Phan NK. Expanded Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells for Articular Cartilage Injury Treatment: A Safety and Efficacy Evaluation. Regen Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-6542-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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235
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Xu D, Nishimura T, Zheng M, Wu M, Su H, Sato N, Lee G, Michie S, Glenn J, Peltz G. Enabling Autologous Human Liver Regeneration with Differentiated Adipocyte Stem Cells. Cell Transplant 2014; 23:1573-84. [DOI: 10.3727/096368913x673432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a novel method for differentiating adipocyte-derived stem cells (ASCs) into hepatocyte-like cells (iHeps). ASCs are cultured as spherical cellular aggregates and are then induced by culture in chemically defined media for a short time period to differentiate into spherical culture iHeps (SCi-Heps). SCi-Heps have many of the in vitro functional properties of mature hepatocytes, and they can stably reconstitute functioning human liver in vivo in a murine model system. Implantation studies demonstrate that SCi-Heps have a very low malignant potential. All human liver regenerative procedures, including ultrasound-guided direct liver implantation, are scalable and appropriate for human clinical use. These methods can be used to achieve the major promise of regenerative medicine. It may now be possible to regenerate human liver using autologous stem cells obtained from a readily accessible tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Toshihiko Nishimura
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Manhong Wu
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hua Su
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Noboru Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Gordon Lee
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sara Michie
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Glenn
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gary Peltz
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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236
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Naderi N, Wilde C, Haque T, Francis W, Seifalian AM, Thornton CA, Xia Z, Whitaker IS. Adipogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in 3-dimensional spheroid cultures (microtissue): Implications for the reconstructive surgeon. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2014; 67:1726-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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237
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Montelatici E, Baluce B, Ragni E, Lavazza C, Parazzi V, Mazzola R, Cantarella G, Brambilla M, Giordano R, Lazzari L. Defining the identity of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 93:74-82. [PMID: 25472894 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) are an ideal population for regenerative medical application. Both the isolation procedure and the culturing conditions are crucial steps, since low yield can limit further cell therapies, especially when minimal adipose tissue harvests are available for cell expansion. To date, a standardized procedure encompassing both isolation sites and expansion methods is missing, thus making the choice of the most appropriate conditions for the preparation of ADMSCs controversial, especially in view of the different applications needed. In this study, we compared the effects of three different commercial media (DMEM, aMEM, and EGM2), routinely used for ADMSCs expansion, and two supplements, FBS and human platelet lysate, recently proven to be an effective alternative to prevent xenogeneic antibody transfer and immune alloresponse in the host. Notably, all the conditions resulted in being safe for ADMSCs isolation and expansion with platelet lysate supplementation giving the highest isolation and proliferation rates, together with a commitment for osteogenic lineage. Then, we proved that the high ADMSC hematopoietic supportive potential is performed through a constant and abundant secretion of both GCSF and SCF. In conclusion, this study further expands the knowledge on ADMSCs, defining their identity definition and offers potential options for in vitro protocols for clinical production, especially related to HSC expansion without use of exogenous cytokines or genetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Montelatici
- a Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy
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Tsai SY, Huang YC, Chueh LL, Yeh LS, Lin CS. Intra-articular transplantation of porcine adipose-derived stem cells for the treatment of canine osteoarthritis: A pilot study. World J Transplant 2014; 4:196-205. [PMID: 25346893 PMCID: PMC4208083 DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v4.i3.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To test whether intra-articular injection of porcine adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) can treat canine osteoarthritis (OA).
METHODS: To enroll in this study dogs must have stifle joint OA that had lasted ≥ 3 mo and been treated with OA medication without significant improvement. Three dogs fulfilled these criteria and were thus subjects for ADSCs treatment. ADSCs were isolated from abdominal adipose tissue of a 2-mo-old female Yorkshire pig. Their stem cell marker expression was examined by immunofluorescence staining. For treatment, 5 million ADSCs were injected into the diseased joint of each dog. In the next 48 h, the patient was observed for signs of inflammatory and allergic reactions. The patient was then discharged to the owner and, at 2, 6, and 12 wk, followed up with orthopedic assessment, owner questionnaire, X-ray imaging, and force-plate gait analysis.
RESULTS: Porcine ADSCs expressed mesenchymal stem cell markers CD90 and CD105. Injection of porcine ADSCs into canine stifle joints did not cause any inflammatory or allergic reactions. Orthopedic evaluation found improvements in two dogs, particularly at the longest time point. Owners’ evaluation found increased capacity and decreased pain in all three dogs’ activities such as walking and running. Radiographic evaluation did not find statistically significant differences before and after treatment. Force-plate analysis found significant improvements in all three dogs after treatment.
CONCLUSION: Xenotransplantation of ADSCs for the treatment of OA is feasible. Further studies are needed to validate this novel treatment modality, which can then be implemented for the routine treatment of OA in veterinary medicine.
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239
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Mixed effects of long-term frozen storage on cord tissue stem cells. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:1313-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Song K, Jin H, Park J, Choi MJ, Kwon M, Kwon K, Batbold D, Yin GN, Kim WJ, Koh GY, Ryu J, Suh J. Intracavernous Delivery of Stromal Vascular Fraction Restores Erectile Function Through Production of Angiogenic Factors in a Mouse Model of Cavernous Nerve Injury. J Sex Med 2014; 11:1962-73. [DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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241
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Kuismanen K, Sartoneva R, Haimi S, Mannerström B, Tomás E, Miettinen S, Nieminen K. Autologous adipose stem cells in treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: results of a pilot study. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:936-41. [PMID: 24985079 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2013-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to find out whether transurethral injections of autologous adipose stem cells (ASCs) are an effective and a safe treatment for female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). We treated five SUI patients with ASCs combined with bovine collagen gel and saline. Prior to the treatment, the ASCs were isolated from subcutaneous fat and expanded for 3 weeks in a good manufacturing practice-level laboratory. The mixture of ASCs and collagen was injected transurethrally via cystoscope. Additionally, viability, multipotency, and surface marker profile of ASCs were analyzed in vitro. We followed up with patients 3, 6, and 12 months after the injections. The primary endpoint was a cough test to measure objectively the effect of the treatment. Validated questionnaires were used to determine the subjective cure rate. After 6 months, 1 of 5 patients displayed a negative cough test with full bladder filled with 500 ml of saline. At 1 year, the cough test was negative with three patients; two of them were satisfied with the treatment and did not wish further treatment for SUI. Validated questionnaires showed some subjective improvement in all five patients. This is the first study describing the use of autologous ASCs in combination with collagen gel for female SUI treatments. Thus far, the treatment with autologous ASCs has proven safe and well tolerated. However, the feasibility and efficacy of the treatment were not optimal; therefore, additional research is needed to develop SUI injection therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Kuismanen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and School of Medicine and
| | - Reetta Sartoneva
- School of Medicine and Adult Stem Cell Group, University of Tampere, BioMediTech, Tampere, Finland; Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Suvi Haimi
- Adult Stem Cell Group, University of Tampere, BioMediTech, Tampere, Finland; Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Bettina Mannerström
- Adult Stem Cell Group, University of Tampere, BioMediTech, Tampere, Finland; Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eija Tomás
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and
| | - Susanna Miettinen
- Adult Stem Cell Group, University of Tampere, BioMediTech, Tampere, Finland; Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Mestak O, Sukop A, Hsueh YS, Molitor M, Mestak J, Matejovska J, Zarubova L. Centrifugation versus PureGraft for fatgrafting to the breast after breast-conserving therapy. World J Surg Oncol 2014; 12:178. [PMID: 24898154 PMCID: PMC4053289 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-12-178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast-conserving treatment (BCT) leads to a progressive and deteriorating breast deformity. Fatgrafting is ideal for breast reconstruction after BCT. The most frequently utilized technique for fat processing is centrifugation. The PureGraft device (Cytori Therapeutics, San Diego, CA, USA) is a new method that involves washing and filtering the fat to prepare the graft. We compared the subjective and objective outcomes of two fat-processing methods, centrifugation and PureGraft filtration. Methods Thirty patients underwent breast reconstruction performed by a single surgeon (OM) after BCT in our department between April 2011 and September 2012. The patients were preoperatively divided into two groups randomly: 15 received fatgrafts processed by centrifugation, and 15 received fatgrafts processed by washing in PureGraft bags. The patients were followed up for 12 to 30 months. To measure the subjective outcome, we distributed the BREAST-Q questionnaire to all the patients both preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively. The BCCT.core software evaluated the objective outcome of breast reconstruction by fatgrafting. Results The Breast-Q results indicated a tremendous improvement in the modules “Satisfaction with Breast” and “Psychosocial Well-being”. The “Sexual Well-being” scale also improved. Only the module “Satisfaction with Breasts” significantly differed between groups; patients treated with the PureGraft fat exhibited better outcomes. The BCCT.core results did not significantly differ between the groups. Conclusion One year postoperatively, the outcomes of the use of PureGraft bags or centrifugation to process fat for breast reconstruction after BCT did not differ. The unpredictability of the results following fatgrafting procedures is likely due to interindividual differences with yet-undisclosed causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Mestak
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Bulovka Hospital, 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University in Prague, Budinova 2, Prague 8 180 00, Czech Republic.
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Pärssinen J, Hammarén H, Rahikainen R, Sencadas V, Ribeiro C, Vanhatupa S, Miettinen S, Lanceros-Méndez S, Hytönen VP. Enhancement of adhesion and promotion of osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells by poled electroactive poly(vinylidene fluoride). J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:919-28. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenita Pärssinen
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere; Tampere 33014 Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd.; Tampere 33520 Finland
| | | | - Rolle Rahikainen
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere; Tampere 33014 Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd.; Tampere 33520 Finland
| | - Vitor Sencadas
- Center/Department of Physics; University of Minho; Braga 4710-057 Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Campus do IPCA; Barcelos 4750-810 Portugal
| | - Clarisse Ribeiro
- Center/Department of Physics; University of Minho; Braga 4710-057 Portugal
| | - Sari Vanhatupa
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere; Tampere 33014 Finland
| | | | | | - Vesa P. Hytönen
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere; Tampere 33014 Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd.; Tampere 33520 Finland
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Senarath-Yapa K, McArdle A, Renda A, Longaker MT, Quarto N. Adipose-derived stem cells: a review of signaling networks governing cell fate and regenerative potential in the context of craniofacial and long bone skeletal repair. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:9314-30. [PMID: 24865492 PMCID: PMC4100096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15069314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Improvements in medical care, nutrition and social care are resulting in a commendable change in world population demographics with an ever increasing skew towards an aging population. As the proportion of the world's population that is considered elderly increases, so does the incidence of osteodegenerative disease and the resultant burden on healthcare. The increasing demand coupled with the limitations of contemporary approaches, have provided the impetus to develop novel tissue regeneration therapies. The use of stem cells, with their potential for self-renewal and differentiation, is one potential solution. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), which are relatively easy to harvest and readily available have emerged as an ideal candidate. In this review, we explore the potential for ASCs to provide tangible therapies for craniofacial and long bone skeletal defects, outline key signaling pathways that direct these cells and describe how the developmental signaling program may provide clues on how to guide these cells in vivo. This review also provides an overview of the importance of establishing an osteogenic microniche using appropriately customized scaffolds and delineates some of the key challenges that still need to be overcome for adult stem cell skeletal regenerative therapy to become a clinical reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshemendra Senarath-Yapa
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2200, USA; E-Mails: (K.S.-Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Adrian McArdle
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2200, USA; E-Mails: (K.S.-Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrea Renda
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate, Universita’ degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mail:
| | - Michael T. Longaker
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2200, USA; E-Mails: (K.S.-Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Natalina Quarto
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2200, USA; E-Mails: (K.S.-Y.); (A.M.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate, Universita’ degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mail:
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245
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Wang W, Cao W. Treatment of osteoarthritis with mesenchymal stem cells. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2014; 57:586-95. [PMID: 24849513 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-014-4673-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent joint diseases with prominent symptoms affecting the daily life of millions of middle aged and elderly people. Despite this, there are no successful medical interventions that can prevent the progressive destruction of OA joints. The onset of pathological changes in OA is associated with deviant activity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the multipotent precursors of connective tissue cells that reside in joints. Current therapies for OA have resulted in poor clinical outcomes without repairing the damaged cartilage. Intra-articular delivery of culture-expanded MSCs has opened new avenues of OA treatment. Pre-clinical and clinical trials demonstrated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of MSC therapy. The Wnt/β-catenin, bone morphogenetic protein 2, Indian hedgehog, and Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways have been demonstrated to be involved in OA and the mechanism of action of MSC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, Palo Alto, CA, 94301, USA
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246
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Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are considered a great alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Unlike bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), ASCs can be retrieved in high numbers from lipoaspirate, a by-product of liposuction procedures. Given that ASCs represent an easily accessible and abundant source of multipotent cells, ASCs have garnered attention and curiosity from both scientific and clinical communities for their potential in clinical applications. Furthermore, their unique immunobiology and secretome are attractive therapeutic properties. A decade since the discovery of a stem cell reservoir residing within adipose tissue, ASC-based clinical trials have grown over the years around the world along with assessments made on their safety and efficacy. With the progress of ASCs into clinical applications, the aim towards producing clinical-grade ASCs becomes increasingly important. Several countries have recognised the growing industry of cell therapies and have developed regulatory frameworks to assure their safety. With more research efforts made to understand their effects in both scientific and clinical settings, ASCs hold great promise as a future therapeutic strategy in treating a wide variety of diseases. Therefore, this review seeks to highlight the clinical applicability of ASCs as well as their progress in clinical trials across various medical disciplines.
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247
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Yamaguchi DT. “Ins” and “Outs” of mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis in regenerative medicine. World J Stem Cells 2014; 6:94-110. [PMID: 24772237 PMCID: PMC3999785 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v6.i2.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Repair and regeneration of bone requires mesenchymal stem cells that by self-renewal, are able to generate a critical mass of cells with the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts that can produce bone protein matrix (osteoid) and enable its mineralization. The number of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) diminishes with age and ex vivo replication of hMSCs has limited potential. While propagating hMSCs under hypoxic conditions may maintain their ability to self-renew, the strategy of using human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) to allow for hMSCs to prolong their replicative lifespan is an attractive means of ensuring a critical mass of cells with the potential to differentiate into various mesodermal structural tissues including bone. However, this strategy must be tempered by the oncogenic potential of TERT-transformed cells, or their ability to enhance already established cancers, the unknown differentiating potential of high population doubling hMSCs and the source of hMSCs (e.g., bone marrow, adipose-derived, muscle-derived, umbilical cord blood, etc.) that may provide peculiarities to self-renewal, differentiation, and physiologic function that may differ from non-transformed native cells. Tissue engineering approaches to use hMSCs to repair bone defects utilize the growth of hMSCs on three-dimensional scaffolds that can either be a base on which hMSCs can attach and grow or as a means of sequestering growth factors to assist in the chemoattraction and differentiation of native hMSCs. The use of whole native extracellular matrix (ECM) produced by hMSCs, rather than individual ECM components, appear to be advantageous in not only being utilized as a three-dimensional attachment base but also in appropriate orientation of cells and their differentiation through the growth factors that native ECM harbor or in simulating growth factor motifs. The origin of native ECM, whether from hMSCs from young or old individuals is a critical factor in “rejuvenating” hMSCs from older individuals grown on ECM from younger individuals.
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248
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Ma J, Yang F, Both SK, Prins HJ, Helder MN, Pan J, Cui FZ, Jansen JA, van den Beucken JJ. Bone forming capacity of cell- and growth factor-based constructs at different ectopic implantation sites. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:439-50. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Ma
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen the Netherlands
- Department of VIP service; Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - Sanne K. Both
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Prins
- Department of Oral Cell Biology; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam; University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; VU University Medical Centre/ACTA; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Marco N. Helder
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; VU University Medical Centre; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Juli Pan
- Department of VIP service; Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing 100050 China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Fu-Zhai Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - John A. Jansen
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen the Netherlands
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Automated Enumeration and Viability Measurement of Canine Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells Using Fluorescence-Based Image Cytometry Method. J Fluoresc 2014; 24:983-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-014-1388-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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250
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Liang L, Song Y, Li L, Li D, Qin M, Zhao J, Xie C, Sun D, Liu Y, Jiao T, Liu N, Zou G. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Combined With Inorganic Bovine Bone in Calvarial Bone Healing in Rats With Type 2 Diabetes. J Periodontol 2014; 85:601-9. [PMID: 23805817 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.120652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Liang
- Department of Implant Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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