201
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Phong WN, Show PL, Chow YH, Ling TC. Recovery of biotechnological products using aqueous two phase systems. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 126:273-281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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202
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Montero L, Sedghi M, García Y, Almeida C, Safi C, Engelen-Smit N, Cifuentes A, Mendiola JA, Ibáñez E. Pressurized Liquid Extraction of Pigments from Chlamydomonas sp. and Chemical Characterization by HPLC–MS/MS. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-018-0062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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203
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Sankaran R, Show PL, Cheng YS, Tao Y, Ao X, Nguyen TDP, Van Quyen D. Integration Process for Protein Extraction from Microalgae Using Liquid Biphasic Electric Flotation (LBEF) System. Mol Biotechnol 2018; 60:749-761. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-018-0111-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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204
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Elst K, Maesen M, Jacobs G, Bastiaens L, Voorspoels S, Servaes K. Supercritical CO₂ Extraction of Nannochloropsis sp.: A Lipidomic Study on the Influence of Pretreatment on Yield and Composition. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23081854. [PMID: 30046024 PMCID: PMC6222793 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Algal lipids have gained wide interest in various applications ranging from biofuels to nutraceuticals. Given their complex nature composed of different lipid classes, a deep knowledge between extraction conditions and lipid characteristics is essential. In this paper, we investigated the influence of different pretreatments on lipid extraction with supercritical CO₂ by a lipidomic approach. Pretreatment was found to double the total extraction yield, thereby reaching 23.1 wt.% comparable to the 26.9 wt.% obtained with chloroform/methanol. An increase in acylglycerides was concurrently observed, together with a nearly doubling of free fatty acids indicative of partial hydrolysis. Moreover, an alteration in the distribution of glyco- and phospholipids was noted, especially promoting digalactosyldiglycerides and phosphatidylcholine as compared to monogalactosyldiglycerides and phosphatidylglycerol. At optimized conditions, supercritical CO₂ extraction provided a lipid extract richer in neutral lipids and poorer in phospholipids as compared to chloroform/methanol, though with a very similar fatty acid distribution within each lipid class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Elst
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Miranda Maesen
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Griet Jacobs
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Leen Bastiaens
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Stefan Voorspoels
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Kelly Servaes
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
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205
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Phong WN, Show PL, Le CF, Tao Y, Chang JS, Ling TC. Improving cell disruption efficiency to facilitate protein release from microalgae using chemical and mechanical integrated method. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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206
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Khanra S, Mondal M, Halder G, Tiwari O, Gayen K, Bhowmick TK. Downstream processing of microalgae for pigments, protein and carbohydrate in industrial application: A review. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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207
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An Overview of Current Pretreatment Methods Used to Improve Lipid Extraction from Oleaginous Micro-Organisms. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071562. [PMID: 29958398 PMCID: PMC6100488 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial oils, obtained from oleaginous microorganisms are an emerging source of commercially valuable chemicals ranging from pharmaceuticals to the petroleum industry. In petroleum biorefineries, the microbial biomass has become a sustainable source of renewable biofuels. Biodiesel is mainly produced from oils obtained from oleaginous microorganisms involving various upstream and downstream processes, such as cultivation, harvesting, lipid extraction, and transesterification. Among them, lipid extraction is a crucial step for the process and it represents an important bottleneck for the commercial scale production of biodiesel. Lipids are synthesized in the cellular compartment of oleaginous microorganisms in the form of lipid droplets, so it is necessary to disrupt the cells prior to lipid extraction in order to improve the extraction yields. Various mechanical, chemical and physicochemical pretreatment methods are employed to disintegrate the cellular membrane of oleaginous microorganisms. The objective of the present review article is to evaluate the various pretreatment methods for efficient lipid extraction from the oleaginous cellular biomass available to date, as well as to discuss their advantages and disadvantages, including their effect on the lipid yield. The discussed mechanical pretreatment methods are oil expeller, bead milling, ultrasonication, microwave, high-speed and high-pressure homogenizer, laser, autoclaving, pulsed electric field, and non-mechanical methods, such as enzymatic treatment, including various emerging cell disruption techniques.
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208
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Hernández D, Molinuevo-Salces B, Riaño B, Larrán-García AM, Tomás-Almenar C, García-González MC. Recovery of Protein Concentrates From Microalgal Biomass Grown in Manure for Fish Feed and Valorization of the By-Products Through Anaerobic Digestion. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2018.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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209
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Bensalem S, Lopes F, Bodénès P, Pareau D, Français O, Le Pioufle B. Understanding the mechanisms of lipid extraction from microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii after electrical field solicitations and mechanical stress within a microfluidic device. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 257:129-136. [PMID: 29494840 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
One way envisioned to overcome part of the issues biodiesel production encounters today is to develop a simple, economically viable and eco-friendly process for the extraction of lipids from microalgae. This study investigates the lipid extraction efficiency from the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as well as the underlying mechanisms. We propose a new methodology combining a pulsed electric field (PEF) application and mechanical stresses as a pretreatment to improve lipid extraction with solvents. Cells enriched in lipids are therefore submitted to electric field pulses creating pores on the cell membrane and then subjected to a mechanical stress by applying cyclic pressures on the cell wall (using a microfluidic device). Results showed an increase in lipid extraction when cells were pretreated by the combination of both methods. Microscopic observations showed that both pretreatments affect the cell structure. Finally, the dependency of solvent lipid extraction efficiency with the cell wall structure is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakina Bensalem
- Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris Saclay, CNRS SATIE, Université Paris Saclay, 61 av du Pdt Wilson, 94230 Cachan, France; LGPM, EA 4038, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris Saclay, 3 rue Juliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Filipa Lopes
- LGPM, EA 4038, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris Saclay, 3 rue Juliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pierre Bodénès
- Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris Saclay, CNRS SATIE, Université Paris Saclay, 61 av du Pdt Wilson, 94230 Cachan, France; LGPM, EA 4038, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris Saclay, 3 rue Juliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Dominique Pareau
- LGPM, EA 4038, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris Saclay, 3 rue Juliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Olivier Français
- ESIEE-Paris, ESYCOM EA 2552, Université Paris Est, 93160 Noisy Le Grand, France
| | - Bruno Le Pioufle
- Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris Saclay, CNRS SATIE, Université Paris Saclay, 61 av du Pdt Wilson, 94230 Cachan, France.
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210
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Comparison of microalgal biomasses as functional food ingredients: Focus on the composition of cell wall related polysaccharides. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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211
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Tarento TDC, McClure DD, Talbot AM, Regtop HL, Biffin JR, Valtchev P, Dehghani F, Kavanagh JM. A potential biotechnological process for the sustainable production of vitamin K 1. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018; 39:1-19. [PMID: 29793354 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1474168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The primary objective of this review is to propose an approach for the biosynthesis of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) based upon its known sources, its role in photosynthesis and its biosynthetic pathway. The chemistry, health benefits, market, and industrial production of vitamin K are also summarized. Vitamin K compounds (K vitamers) are required for the normal function of at least 15 proteins involved in diverse physiological processes such as coagulation, tissue mineralization, inflammation, and neuroprotection. Vitamin K is essential for the prevention of Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB), especially in neonates. Increased vitamin K intake may also reduce the severity and/or risk of bone fracture, arterial calcification, inflammatory diseases, and cognitive decline. Consumers are increasingly favoring natural food and therapeutic products. However, the bulk of vitamin K products employed for both human and animal use are chemically synthesized. Biosynthesis of the menaquinones (vitamin K2) has been extensively researched. However, published research on the biotechnological production of phylloquinone is restricted to a handful of available articles and patents. We have found that microalgae are more suitable than plant cell cultures for the biosynthesis of phylloquinone. Many algae are richer in vitamin K1 than terrestrial plants, and algal cells are easier to manipulate. Vitamin K1 can be efficiently recovered from the biomass using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D C Tarento
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dale D McClure
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrea M Talbot
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Agricure Scientific Organics Pty. Ltd., Braemar, NSW, Australia
| | - Hubert L Regtop
- Agricure Scientific Organics Pty. Ltd., Braemar, NSW, Australia
| | - John R Biffin
- Agricure Scientific Organics Pty. Ltd., Braemar, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Valtchev
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fariba Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John M Kavanagh
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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212
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Yellapu SK, Kaur R, Kumar LR, Tiwari B, Zhang X, Tyagi RD. Recent developments of downstream processing for microbial lipids and conversion to biodiesel. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 256:515-528. [PMID: 29472122 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With increasing global population and depleting resources, there is an apparent demand for radical unprecedented innovation to satisfy the basal needs of lives. Hence, non-conventional renewable energy resources like biodiesel have been worked out in past few decades. Biofuel (e.g. Biodiesel) serves to be the most sustainable answer to solve "food vs. fuel crisis". In biorefinery process, lipid extraction from oleaginous microbial lipids is an integral part as it facilitates the release of fatty acids. Direct lipid extraction from wet cell-biomass is favorable in comparison to dry-cell biomass because it eliminates the application of expensive dehydration. However, this process is not commercialized yet, instead, it requires intensive research and development in order to establish robust approaches for lipid extraction that can be practically applied on an industrial scale. This review aims for the critical presentation on cell disruption, lipid recovery and purification to support extraction from wet cell-biomass for an efficient transesterification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravan Kumar Yellapu
- INRS Eau, Terre et Environnement, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Rajwinder Kaur
- INRS Eau, Terre et Environnement, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Lalit R Kumar
- INRS Eau, Terre et Environnement, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Bhagyashree Tiwari
- INRS Eau, Terre et Environnement, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Rajeshwar D Tyagi
- INRS Eau, Terre et Environnement, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada.
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213
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Clavijo Rivera E, Montalescot V, Viau M, Drouin D, Bourseau P, Frappart M, Monteux C, Couallier E. Mechanical cell disruption of Parachlorella kessleri microalgae: Impact on lipid fraction composition. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 256:77-85. [PMID: 29433049 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Samples of nitrogen-starved Parachlorella kessleri containing intact cells (IC), cells ground by bead milling (BM), and cells subjected to high-pressure cell disruption (HPD), together with their supernatants after centrifugation, were compared for granulometry and lipid profiles. The effects of disruption on the lipid profile and organisation were evaluated. The quantity of lipids available for extraction increased with disruption, and up to 81% could be recovered in supernatants after centrifugation, but a marked reorganization occurred. The proportion of amphiphilic free fatty acids and lysophosphatidylcholine increased during disruption due to their release or owing to lipid degradation by enzymes or physical conditions. This effect was more marked in HPD than in BM. Lipids contained in the aqueous phase, after disruption and centrifugation, were enriched in unsaturated fatty acids, BM leading to larger droplets than HPD. The larger liquid lipid droplet would be easier to recover in the following downstream processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Clavijo Rivera
- CNRS, GEPEA, UMR 6144, Université Bretagne Loire, CRTT, 37 boulevard de l'Université, BP 406, 44602 Saint Nazaire Cedex, France
| | - V Montalescot
- CNRS, GEPEA, UMR 6144, Université Bretagne Loire, CRTT, 37 boulevard de l'Université, BP 406, 44602 Saint Nazaire Cedex, France
| | - M Viau
- INRA, BIA, UR 1268, rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, 44 316 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - D Drouin
- CNRS, GEPEA, UMR 6144, Université Bretagne Loire, CRTT, 37 boulevard de l'Université, BP 406, 44602 Saint Nazaire Cedex, France
| | - P Bourseau
- CNRS, GEPEA, UMR 6144, Université Bretagne Loire, CRTT, 37 boulevard de l'Université, BP 406, 44602 Saint Nazaire Cedex, France
| | - M Frappart
- CNRS, GEPEA, UMR 6144, Université Bretagne Loire, CRTT, 37 boulevard de l'Université, BP 406, 44602 Saint Nazaire Cedex, France
| | - C Monteux
- CNRS, PPMD - SIMM, UMR 7615, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 PARIS Cedex 05, France
| | - E Couallier
- CNRS, GEPEA, UMR 6144, Université Bretagne Loire, CRTT, 37 boulevard de l'Université, BP 406, 44602 Saint Nazaire Cedex, France.
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214
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Using agro-industrial wastes for the cultivation of microalgae and duckweeds: Contamination risks and biomass safety concerns. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1238-1254. [PMID: 29673973 PMCID: PMC7125918 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms, such as microalgae (Chlorella, Arthrospira (Spirulina), Tetrasselmis, Dunalliela etc.) and duckweed (Lemna spp., Wolffia spp. etc.) are a potential source for the production of protein-rich biomass and for numerous other high-value compounds (fatty acids, pigments, vitamins etc.). Their cultivation using agro-industrial wastes and wastewater (WaW) is of particular interest in the context of a circular economy, not only for recycling valuable nutrients but also for reducing the requirements for fresh water for the production of biomass. Recovery and recycling of nutrients is an unavoidable long-term approach for securing future food and feed production. Agro-industrial WaW are rich in nutrients and have been widely considered as a potential nutrient source for the cultivation of microalgae/duckweed. However, they commonly contain various hazardous contaminants, which could potentially taint the produced biomass, raising various concerns about the safety of their consumption. Herein, an overview of the most important contaminants, including heavy metals and metalloids, pathogens (bacteria, viruses, parasites etc.), and xenobiotics (hormones, antibiotics, parasiticides etc.) is given. It is concluded that pretreatment and processing of WaW is a requisite step for the removal of several contaminants. Among the various technologies, anaerobic digestion (AD) is widely used in practice and offers a technologically mature approach for WaW treatment. During AD, various organic and biological contaminants are significantly removed. Further removal of contaminants could be achieved by post-treatment and processing of digestates (solid/liquid separation, dilution etc.) to further decrease the concentration of contaminants. Moreover, during cultivation an additional removal may occur through various mechanisms, such as precipitation, degradation, and biotransformation. Since many jurisdictions regulate the presence of various contaminants in feed or food setting strict safety monitoring processes, it would be of particular interest to initiate a multi-disciplinary discussion whether agro-industrial WaW ought to be used to cultivate microalgae/duckweed for feed or food production and identify most feasible options for doing this safely. Based on the current body of knowledge it is estimated that AD and post-treatment of WaW can lower significantly the risks associated with heavy metals and pathogens, but it is yet unclear to what extent this is the case for certain persistent xenobiotics.
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215
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Carullo D, Abera BD, Casazza AA, Donsì F, Perego P, Ferrari G, Pataro G. Effect of pulsed electric fields and high pressure homogenization on the aqueous extraction of intracellular compounds from the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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216
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Mild cell disruption methods for bio-functional proteins recovery from microalgae—Recent developments and future perspectives. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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217
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218
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Koutra E, Economou CN, Tsafrakidou P, Kornaros M. Bio-Based Products from Microalgae Cultivated in Digestates. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 36:819-833. [PMID: 29605178 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years the increasing demand for food, energy, and valuable chemicals has necessitated research and development on renewable, novel, and sustainable sources. Microalgae represent a promising option to produce various products with environmentally friendly applications. However, several challenges must be overcome to reduce production cost. To this end, using effluents from biogas production units, called digestates, in cultivation systems can help to optimize bioprocesses, and several bioproducts including biofuels, biofertilizers, proteins and valuable chemicals can be obtained. Nevertheless, several parameters, including the productivity and quality of biomass and specific target products, downstream processes, and cost-effectiveness, must be improved. Further investigations will be necessary to take full advantage of the produced biomass and effectively upscale the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Koutra
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Technology (LBEET), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Christina N Economou
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Technology (LBEET), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiota Tsafrakidou
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Technology (LBEET), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Michael Kornaros
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Technology (LBEET), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece.
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219
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Steam Explosion and Vibrating Membrane Filtration to Improve the Processing Cost of Microalgae Cell Disruption and Fractionation. Processes (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/pr6040028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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220
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Karim A, Yousuf A, Islam MA, Naif YH, Faizal CKM, Alam MZ, Pirozzi D. Microbial lipid extraction from Lipomyces starkeyi
using irreversible electroporation. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 34:838-845. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahasanul Karim
- Dept. of Energy and Environment, Faculty of Engineering Technology; Universiti Malaysia Pahang; Gambang 26300 Malaysia
| | - Abu Yousuf
- Dept. of Energy and Environment, Faculty of Engineering Technology; Universiti Malaysia Pahang; Gambang 26300 Malaysia
| | - M. Amirul Islam
- Dept. of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering; Universiti Malaysia Pahang; Gambang 26300 Malaysia
| | - Yasir H. Naif
- Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology; Universiti Malaysia Pahang; Gambang 26300 Malaysia
| | - Che Ku Mohammad Faizal
- Dept. of Energy and Environment, Faculty of Engineering Technology; Universiti Malaysia Pahang; Gambang 26300 Malaysia
| | - Md. Zahangir Alam
- Dept. of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; International Islamic University Malaysia; Gombak Kuala Lumpur 50728 Malaysia
| | - Domenico Pirozzi
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Materials and Industrial Production; University Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
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221
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Kapoore RV, Butler TO, Pandhal J, Vaidyanathan S. Microwave-Assisted Extraction for Microalgae: From Biofuels to Biorefinery. BIOLOGY 2018; 7:E18. [PMID: 29462888 PMCID: PMC5872044 DOI: 10.3390/biology7010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The commercial reality of bioactive compounds and oil production from microalgal species is constrained by the high cost of production. Downstream processing, which includes harvesting and extraction, can account for 70-80% of the total cost of production. Consequently, from an economic perspective extraction technologies need to be improved. Microalgal cells are difficult to disrupt due to polymers within their cell wall such as algaenan and sporopollenin. Consequently, solvents and disruption devices are required to obtain products of interest from within the cells. Conventional techniques used for cell disruption and extraction are expensive and are often hindered by low efficiencies. Microwave-assisted extraction offers a possibility for extraction of biochemical components including lipids, pigments, carbohydrates, vitamins and proteins, individually and as part of a biorefinery. Microwave technology has advanced since its use in the 1970s. It can cut down working times and result in higher yields and purity of products. In this review, the ability and challenges in using microwave technology are discussed for the extraction of bioactive products individually and as part of a biorefinery approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Vijay Kapoore
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Thomas O Butler
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Jagroop Pandhal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Seetharaman Vaidyanathan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
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222
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Maffei G, Bracciale MP, Broggi A, Zuorro A, Santarelli ML, Lavecchia R. Effect of an enzymatic treatment with cellulase and mannanase on the structural properties of Nannochloropsis microalgae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 249:592-598. [PMID: 29091842 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The effects of an enzymatic treatment with cellulase and mannanase on the properties of marine microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. were investigated. The combined use of these enzymes synergistically promoted the recovery of lipids from the microalgae, increasing the extraction yield from 40.8 to over 73%. Untreated and enzymatically treated microalgae were characterized by chemical analysis and by TGA/DTG, FTIR, XRD and SEM. Significant changes were observed in the chemical composition and thermal behavior of the microalgae. The enzymatic treatment also resulted in an increase of the crystalline-to-amorphous cellulose ratio. SEM images revealed dramatic changes in cell morphology, extensive cell damage and release of intracellular material. Overall, the results obtained indicate that the enzymes used are capable of disrupting the microalgal cell wall and that a combination of common analytical techniques can be used to assess the enzyme-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Maffei
- DICMA - Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Bracciale
- DICMA - Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy; CISTeC - Research Center in Science and Technology for the Preservation of Historical-Architectural Heritage, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Broggi
- DICMA - Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy; CISTeC - Research Center in Science and Technology for the Preservation of Historical-Architectural Heritage, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Zuorro
- DICMA - Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Santarelli
- DICMA - Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy; CISTeC - Research Center in Science and Technology for the Preservation of Historical-Architectural Heritage, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Lavecchia
- DICMA - Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy.
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223
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't Lam G, Vermuë M, Eppink M, Wijffels R, van den Berg C. Multi-Product Microalgae Biorefineries: From Concept Towards Reality. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 36:216-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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224
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Seo JY, Jeon HJ, Kim JW, Lee J, Oh YK, Ahn CW, Lee JW. Simulated-Sunlight-Driven Cell Lysis of Magnetophoretically Separated Microalgae Using ZnFe2O4 Octahedrons. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yoon Seo
- Global
Nanotechnology Development Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Climate
Technology Strategy Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon, 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Jin Jeon
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Korea Polytechnic University (KPU), Siheung-si, Gyeonggi-do 15073, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Won Kim
- Global
Nanotechnology Development Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiye Lee
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University (PNU), Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Kwan Oh
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University (PNU), Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Won Ahn
- Global
Nanotechnology Development Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae W. Lee
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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225
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Silve A, Papachristou I, Wüstner R, Sträßner R, Schirmer M, Leber K, Guo B, Interrante L, Posten C, Frey W. Extraction of lipids from wet microalga Auxenochlorella protothecoides using pulsed electric field treatment and ethanol-hexane blends. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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226
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Sun H, Zhao W, Mao X, Li Y, Wu T, Chen F. High-value biomass from microalgae production platforms: strategies and progress based on carbon metabolism and energy conversion. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:227. [PMID: 30151055 PMCID: PMC6100726 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are capable of producing sustainable bioproducts and biofuels by using carbon dioxide or other carbon substances in various cultivation modes. It is of great significance to exploit microalgae for the economical viability of biofuels and the revenues from high-value bioproducts. However, the industrial performance of microalgae is still challenged with potential conflict between cost of microalgae cultivation and revenues from them, which is mainly ascribed to the lack of comprehensive understanding of carbon metabolism and energy conversion. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent advances in carbon and energy fluxes of light-dependent reaction, Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis pathway and processes of product biosynthesis in microalgae, with focus on the increased photosynthetic and carbon efficiencies. Recent strategies for the enhanced production of bioproducts and biofuels from microalgae are discussed in detail. Approaches to alter microbial physiology by controlling light, nutrient and other environmental conditions have the advantages of increasing biomass concentration and product yield through the efficient carbon conversion. Engineering strategies by regulating carbon partitioning and energy route are capable of improving the efficiencies of photosynthesis and carbon conversion, which consequently realize high-value biomass. The coordination of carbon and energy fluxes is emerging as the potential strategy to increase efficiency of carbon fixation and product biosynthesis. To achieve more desirable high-value products, coordination of multi-stage cultivation with engineering and stress-based strategies occupies significant positions in a long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sun
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Weiyang Zhao
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Xuemei Mao
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Yuelian Li
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
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227
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Gorry PL, Sánchez L, Morales M. Microalgae Biorefineries for Energy and Coproduct Production. ENERGY FROM MICROALGAE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69093-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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228
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229
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Gille A, Hollenbach R, Trautmann A, Posten C, Briviba K. Effect of sonication on bioaccessibility and cellular uptake of carotenoids from preparations of photoautotrophic Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Food Res Int 2017; 118:40-48. [PMID: 30898351 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
With regard to its cost-effective cultivation and the composition of high-value nutrients, the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (P. tricornutum) attracts interest for the use in human nutrition. Besides a number of important nutrients, it is rich in carotenoids. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential of P. tricornutum as a carotenoid source for human nutrition. In photoautotrophically produced P. tricornutum biomass the carotenoid constitution, bioaccessibility (in vitro digestion model) and cellular uptake in differentiated Caco-2 cells (Transwell model system) was determined. Furthermore, the influence of sonication on these parameters was investigated. The results indicate that β-carotene, zeaxanthin and fucoxanthin were the main carotenoids found in P. tricornutum. Moreover, these carotenoids showed a good bioaccessibility (β-carotene: 25%, zeaxanthin: 27%, fucoxanthin: 57%), which is further improved by sonication for β-carotene and fucoxanthin. In line with the good bioaccessibility, fucoxanthin was the most abundant carotenoid in Caco-2 cells followed by zeaxanthin. In contrast, β-carotene could not be detected in the cells. The present study demonstrated that P. tricornutum represents a good source of carotenoids, particularly fucoxanthin. Thus, this diatom can contribute to the intake of bioaccessible carotenoids, even without processing. In addition, sonication might be a useful tool to improve the carotenoid bioaccessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gille
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Karlsruhe.
| | - Rebecca Hollenbach
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Karlsruhe
| | - Andreas Trautmann
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences III Bioprocess Engineering, Karlsruhe
| | - Clemens Posten
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences III Bioprocess Engineering, Karlsruhe
| | - Karlis Briviba
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Karlsruhe
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230
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Kavitha S, Yukesh Kannah R, Rajesh Banu J, Kaliappan S, Johnson M. Biological disintegration of microalgae for biomethane recovery-prediction of biodegradability and computation of energy balance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:1367-1375. [PMID: 28522200 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the synergistic effect of combined bacterial disintegration on mixed microalgal biomass for energy efficient biomethane generation. The rate of microalgal biomass lysis, enhanced biodegradability, and methane generation were used as indices to assess efficiency of the disintegration. A maximal dissolvable organics release and algal biomass lysis rate of about 1100, 950 and 800mg/L and 26, 23 and 18% was achieved in PA+C (protease, amylase+cellulase secreting bacteria), C (cellulase alone) and PA (protease, amylase) microalgal disintegration. During anaerobic fermentation, a greater production of volatile fatty acids (1000mg/L) was noted in PA+C bacterial disintegration of microalgal biomass. PA+C bacterial disintegration improve the amenability of microalgal biomass to biomethanation process with higher biodegradability of about 0.27gCOD/gCOD, respectively. The energy balance analysis of this combined bacterial disintegration of microalgal biomass provides surplus positive net energy (1.14GJ/d) by compensating the input energy requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kavitha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Campus, Anna University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - R Yukesh Kannah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Campus, Anna University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Campus, Anna University, Tirunelveli, India.
| | - S Kaliappan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Ponjesly College of Engineering, Nagercoil, India
| | - M Johnson
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology, St Xavier's College, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, India
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231
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232
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Lorente E, Hapońska M, Clavero E, Torras C, Salvadó J. Microalgae fractionation using steam explosion, dynamic and tangential cross-flow membrane filtration. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 237:3-10. [PMID: 28395932 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana was subjected to acid catalysed steam explosion treatment and the resulting exploded material was subsequently fractionated to separate the different fractions (lipids, sugars and solids). Conventional and vibrational membrane setups were used with several polymeric commercial membranes. Two different routes were followed: 1) filtration+lipid solvent extraction and 2) lipid solvent extraction+filtration. Route 1 revealed to be much better since the used membrane for filtration was able to permeate the sugar aqueous phase and retained the fraction containing lipids; after this, an extraction required a much lower amount of solvent and a better recovering yield. Filtration allowed complete lipid rejection. Dynamic filtration improved permeability compared to the tangential cross-flow filtration. Best membrane performance was achieved using a 5000Da membrane with the dynamic system, obtaining a permeability of 6L/h/m2/bar.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lorente
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, IREC, Marcel·lí Domingo 2, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - M Hapońska
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - E Clavero
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, IREC, Marcel·lí Domingo 2, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - C Torras
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, IREC, Marcel·lí Domingo 2, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - J Salvadó
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, IREC, Marcel·lí Domingo 2, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain; Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
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233
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Monasterio S, Mascia M, Di Lorenzo M. Electrochemical removal of microalgae with an integrated electrolysis-microbial fuel cell closed-loop system. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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234
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Transcriptional Regulation of Cellulose Biosynthesis during the Early Phase of Nitrogen Deprivation in Nannochloropsis salina. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5264. [PMID: 28706285 PMCID: PMC5509672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05684-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgal photosynthesis provides energy and carbon-containing precursors for the biosynthesis of storage carbohydrates such as starch, chrysolaminarin, lipids, and cell wall components. Under mild nitrogen deficiency (N−), some Nannochloropsis species accumulate lipid by augmenting cytosolic fatty acid biosynthesis with a temporary increase in laminarin. Accordingly, biosynthesis of the cellulose-rich cell wall should change in response to N− stress because this biosynthetic pathway begins with utilisation of the hexose phosphate pool supplied from photosynthesis. However, few studies have characterised microalgal cell wall metabolism, including oleaginous Nannochloropsis sp. microalgae subjected to nitrogen deficiency. Here, we investigated N-induced changes in cellulose biosynthesis in N. salina. We observed that N− induced cell wall thickening, concurrently increased the transcript levels of genes coding for UDPG pyrophosphorylase and cellulose synthases, and increased cellulose content. Nannochloropsis salina cells with thickened cell wall were more susceptible to mechanical stress such as bead-beating and sonication, implicating cellulose metabolism as a potential target for cost-effective microalgal cell disruption.
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235
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‘t Lam GP, van der Kolk J, Chordia A, Vermuë MH, Olivieri G, Eppink MHM, Wijffels RH. Mild and Selective Protein Release of Cell Wall Deficient Microalgae with Pulsed Electric Field. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2017; 5:6046-6053. [PMID: 28706759 PMCID: PMC5503177 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed electric field (PEF) is considered to be a very promising technology for mild cell disruption. The application of PEF for microalgae that have a rigid cell wall, however, is hampered by the presence of that rigid outer cell wall. A cell wall free mutant of C. reinhardtii was used to mimic pretreated microalgae with removed cell wall, to investigate the possibility of using PEF for protein release from microalgae. A complete release of hydrophilic proteins from the cell wall free mutants was observed whereas PEF treatment on the cell wall containing species resulted in substantially lower protein yields. Additional experiments showed that even at low energy input (0.05 kWh/kgbiomass), still about 70% of the proteins could be released with respect to bead beating as reference. These released proteins were water-soluble while the hydrophobic chlorophyll remained mainly entrapped in cell particles. SEM-analysis of these cell particles showed that PEF only opened the cells, instead of completely fragmenting them into smaller particles. These results indicate that PEF is an energy-efficient cell disruption method for selective release of water-soluble proteins, after the microalgal outer cell wall is removed. Enzymatic pretreatment to degrade the cell walls before PEF treatment was shown to be an efficient method to remove the cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard P. ‘t Lam
- Bioprocess
Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
| | - Jelmer
A. van der Kolk
- Bioprocess
Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Akshita Chordia
- Bioprocess
Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marian H. Vermuë
- Bioprocess
Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Olivieri
- Bioprocess
Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Dipartimento
di Ingeneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Vincenzo Tecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Michel H. M. Eppink
- Bioprocess
Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - René H. Wijffels
- Bioprocess
Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Faculty
of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, N-8049 Bodø, Norway
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236
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Lyophilization pretreatment facilitates extraction of soluble proteins and active enzymes from the oil-accumulating microalga Chlorella vulgaris. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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237
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Flow cytometry to estimate the cell disruption yield and biomass release of Chlorella sp. during bead milling. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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238
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239
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Joo HW, Kim YJ, Park J, Chang YK. Hydrolysis of Golenkinia sp. biomass using Amberlyst 36 and nitric acid as catalysts. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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240
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Du Y, Schuur B, Brilman DWF. Maximizing Lipid Yield in Neochloris oleoabundans Algae Extraction by Stressing and Using Multiple Extraction Stages with N-Ethylbutylamine as Switchable Solvent. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017; 56:8073-8080. [PMID: 28781427 PMCID: PMC5526653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The extraction yield of lipids from nonbroken Neochloris
oleoabundans was maximized by using multiple extraction
stages and using stressed algae. Experimental parameters that affect
the extraction were investigated. The study showed that with wet algae
(at least) 18 h extraction time was required for maximum yield at
room temperature and a solvent/feed ratio of 1:1 (w/w). For fresh
water (FW), nonstressed, nonbroken Neochloris oleoabundans, 13.1 wt % of lipid extraction yield (based on dry algae mass) was
achieved, which could be improved to 61.3 wt % for FW stressed algae
after four extractions, illustrating that a combination of stressing
the algae and applying the solvent N-ethylbutylamine in multiple stages
of extraction results in almost 5 times higher yield and is very promising
for further development of energy-efficient lipid extraction technology
targeting nonbroken wet microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Du
- Sustainable Process Technology Group (SPT), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Boelo Schuur
- Sustainable Process Technology Group (SPT), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Derk W F Brilman
- Sustainable Process Technology Group (SPT), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
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241
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Abstract
Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Pichia pastoris are the standard platforms for biopharmaceutical production with 40% of all between 2010 to 2014 approved protein drugs produced in those microbial hosts. Typically, products overexpressed E. coli and S. cerevisiae remain in the cytosol or are secreted into the periplasm. Consequently, efficient cell disruption is essential for high product recovery during microbial production. Process development platforms at microscale are essential to shorten time to market. While high-pressure homogenization is the industry standard for cell disruption at large scale this method is not practicable for experiments in microscale. This review describes microscale methods for cell disruption at scales as low as 200 µL. Strategies for automation, parallelization and miniaturization, as well as comparability of the results at this scale to high pressure homogenization are considered as those criteria decide which methods are most suited for scale down. Those aspects are discussed in detail for protein overexpression in E. coli and yeast but also the relevance for alternative products and host such as microalgae are taken into account. The authors conclude that bead milling is the best comparable microscale method to large scale high-pressure homogenization and therefore the most suitable technique for automated process development of microbial hosts with the exception of pDNA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Walther
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Boehringer-Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Dürauer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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242
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Pulsed Electric Field for protein release of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Neochloris oleoabundans. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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243
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Yenkie KM, Wu W, Maravelias CT. Synthesis and analysis of separation networks for the recovery of intracellular chemicals generated from microbial-based conversions. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:119. [PMID: 28503196 PMCID: PMC5422901 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0804-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioseparations can contribute to more than 70% in the total production cost of a bio-based chemical, and if the desired chemical is localized intracellularly, there can be additional challenges associated with its recovery. Based on the properties of the desired chemical and other components in the stream, there can be multiple feasible options for product recovery. These options are composed of several alternative technologies, performing similar tasks. The suitability of a technology for a particular chemical depends on (1) its performance parameters, such as separation efficiency; (2) cost or amount of added separating agent; (3) properties of the bioreactor effluent (e.g., biomass titer, product content); and (4) final product specifications. Our goal is to first synthesize alternative separation options and then analyze how technology selection affects the overall process economics. To achieve this, we propose an optimization-based framework that helps in identifying the critical technologies and parameters. RESULTS We study the separation networks for two representative classes of chemicals based on their properties. The separation network is divided into three stages: cell and product isolation (stage I), product concentration (II), and product purification and refining (III). Each stage exploits differences in specific product properties for achieving the desired product quality. The cost contribution analysis for the two cases (intracellular insoluble and intracellular soluble) reveals that stage I is the key cost contributor (>70% of the overall cost). Further analysis suggests that changes in input conditions and technology performance parameters lead to new designs primarily in stage I. CONCLUSIONS The proposed framework provides significant insights for technology selection and assists in making informed decisions regarding technologies that should be used in combination for a given set of stream/product properties and final output specifications. Additionally, the parametric sensitivity provides an opportunity to make crucial design and selection decisions in a comprehensive and rational manner. This will prove valuable in the selection of chemicals to be produced using bioconversions (bioproducts) as well as in creating better bioseparation flow sheets for detailed economic assessment and process implementation on the commercial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti M. Yenkie
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1691 USA
| | - Wenzhao Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1691 USA
| | - Christos T. Maravelias
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1691 USA
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1552 University Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA
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Mechanical cell disruption of microalgae for investigating the effects of degree of disruption on hydrocarbon extraction. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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245
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Cheng Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Huang L, Bi M, Xu W, Wang W, Ye X. A mechanical cell disruption microfluidic platform based on an on-chip micropump. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2017; 11:024112. [PMID: 28798848 PMCID: PMC5533499 DOI: 10.1063/1.4979100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cell disruption plays a vital role in detection of intracellular components which contain information about genetic and disease characteristics. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel microfluidic platform based on an on-chip micropump for mechanical cell disruption and sample transport. A 50 μl cell sample can be effectively lysed through on-chip multi-disruption in 36 s without introducing any chemical agent and suffering from clogging by cellular debris. After 30 cycles of circulating disruption, 80.6% and 90.5% cell disruption rates were achieved for the HEK293 cell sample and human natural killer cell sample, respectively. Profiting from the feature of pump-on-chip, the highly integrated platform enables more convenient and cost-effective cell disruption for the analysis of intracellular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinuo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzhao Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiongying Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Dogra B, Amna S, Park YI, Park JK. Biochemical properties of water soluble polysaccharides from photosynthetic marine microalgae Tetraselmis species. Macromol Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-017-5016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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248
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Eppink MHM, Olivieri G, Reith H, van den Berg C, Barbosa MJ, Wijffels RH. From Current Algae Products to Future Biorefinery Practices: A Review. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 166:99-123. [PMID: 28265702 DOI: 10.1007/10_2016_64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are considered to be one of the most promising next generation bio-based/food feedstocks with a unique lipid composition, high protein content, and an almost unlimited amount of other bio-active molecules. High-value components such as the soluble proteins, (poly) unsaturated fatty acids, pigments, and carbohydrates can be used as an important ingredient for several markets, such as the food/feed/chemical/cosmetics and health industries. Although cultivation costs have decreased significantly in the last few decades, large microalgae production processes become economically viable if all complex compounds are optimally valorized in their functional state. To isolate these functional compounds from the biomass, cost-effective, mild, and energy-efficient biorefinery techniques need to be developed and applied. In this review we describe current microalgae biorefinery strategies and the derived products, followed by new technological developments and an outlook toward future products and the biorefinery philosophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel H M Eppink
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, PO Box. 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Giuseppe Olivieri
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, PO Box. 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Reith
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, PO Box. 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Corjan van den Berg
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, PO Box. 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria J Barbosa
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, PO Box. 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rene H Wijffels
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, PO Box. 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,University of Nordland, 8049, Bodø, Norway
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249
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Chen Q, Liu D, Wu C, Xu A, Xia W, Wang Z, Wen F, Yu D. Influence of a facile pretreatment process on lipid extraction from Nannochloropsis sp. through an enzymatic hydrolysis reaction. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11483d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A wall-breaking technology for algal cell composed of swelling by weak alkali and decomposition by enzyme was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing
- College of Chemical Engineering
- China University of Petroleum
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing
- College of Chemical Engineering
- China University of Petroleum
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Chongchong Wu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- University of Calgary
- Calgary
- Canada
| | - Airong Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- China
| | - Wei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing
- College of Chemical Engineering
- China University of Petroleum
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Zhaowen Wang
- Dongying Environmental Protection Bureau
- Dongying
- China
| | - Fushan Wen
- College of Science
- China University of Petroleum
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Daoyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing
- College of Chemical Engineering
- China University of Petroleum
- Qingdao
- China
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