201
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De Santis MC, Porporato PE, Martini M, Morandi A. Signaling Pathways Regulating Redox Balance in Cancer Metabolism. Front Oncol 2018; 8:126. [PMID: 29740540 PMCID: PMC5925761 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between rewiring tumor metabolism and oncogenic driver mutations is only beginning to be appreciated. Metabolic deregulation has been described for decades as a bystander effect of genomic aberrations. However, for the biology of malignant cells, metabolic reprogramming is essential to tackle a harsh environment, including nutrient deprivation, reactive oxygen species production, and oxygen withdrawal. Besides the well-investigated glycolytic metabolism, it is emerging that several other metabolic fluxes are relevant for tumorigenesis in supporting redox balance, most notably pentose phosphate pathway, folate, and mitochondrial metabolism. The relationship between metabolic rewiring and mutant genes is still unclear and, therefore, we will discuss how metabolic needs and oncogene mutations influence each other to satisfy cancer cells’ demands. Mutations in oncogenes, i.e., PI3K/AKT/mTOR, RAS pathway, and MYC, and tumor suppressors, i.e., p53 and liver kinase B1, result in metabolic flexibility and may influence response to therapy. Since metabolic rewiring is shaped by oncogenic driver mutations, understanding how specific alterations in signaling pathways affect different metabolic fluxes will be instrumental for the development of novel targeted therapies. In the era of personalized medicine, the combination of driver mutations, metabolite levels, and tissue of origins will pave the way to innovative therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara De Santis
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Ettore Porporato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Miriam Martini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Morandi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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202
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Xiao G, Chan LN, Klemm L, Braas D, Chen Z, Geng H, Zhang QC, Aghajanirefah A, Cosgun KN, Sadras T, Lee J, Mirzapoiazova T, Salgia R, Ernst T, Hochhaus A, Jumaa H, Jiang X, Weinstock DM, Graeber TG, Müschen M. B-Cell-Specific Diversion of Glucose Carbon Utilization Reveals a Unique Vulnerability in B Cell Malignancies. Cell 2018; 173:470-484.e18. [PMID: 29551267 PMCID: PMC6284818 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
B cell activation during normal immune responses and oncogenic transformation impose increased metabolic demands on B cells and their ability to retain redox homeostasis. While the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) was identified as a tumor suppressor in multiple types of cancer, our genetic studies revealed an essential role of PP2A in B cell tumors. Thereby, PP2A redirects glucose carbon utilization from glycolysis to the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) to salvage oxidative stress. This unique vulnerability reflects constitutively low PPP activity in B cells and transcriptional repression of G6PD and other key PPP enzymes by the B cell transcription factors PAX5 and IKZF1. Reflecting B-cell-specific transcriptional PPP-repression, glucose carbon utilization in B cells is heavily skewed in favor of glycolysis resulting in lack of PPP-dependent antioxidant protection. These findings reveal a gatekeeper function of the PPP in a broad range of B cell malignancies that can be efficiently targeted by small molecule inhibition of PP2A and G6PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xiao
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA.
| | - Lai N Chan
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Lars Klemm
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Daniel Braas
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Metabolomics Center and Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhengshan Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Huimin Geng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Qiuyi Chen Zhang
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Ali Aghajanirefah
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Kadriye Nehir Cosgun
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Teresa Sadras
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Tamara Mirzapoiazova
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Thomas Ernst
- Abteilung Hämatologie-Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Hochhaus
- Abteilung Hämatologie-Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Hassan Jumaa
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David M Weinstock
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Thomas G Graeber
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Metabolomics Center and Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Markus Müschen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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203
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Chen J, Hu X, Cui J. Shikonin, vitamin K 3 and vitamin K 5 inhibit multiple glycolytic enzymes in MCF-7 cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7423-7432. [PMID: 29725454 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolysis is the most important source of energy for the production of anabolic building blocks in cancer cells. Therefore, glycolytic enzymes are regarded as potential targets for cancer treatment. Previously, naphthaquinones, including shikonin, vitamin K3 and vitamin K5, have been proven to decrease the rate of glycolysis in cancer cells, which is partly due to suppressed pyruvate kinase activity. In the present study, enzymatic assays were performed using MCF-7 cell lysate in order to screen the profile of glycolytic enzymes in cancer cells inhibited by shikonin, vitamin K3 and vitamin K5, in addition to pyruvate kinase. Results revealed that hexokinase, phosphofructokinase-1, fructose bisphosphate aldolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase produced in the process of glycolysis were inhibited by shikonin, vitamin K3 and vitamin K5. The results indicated that shikonin, vitamin K3 and vitamin K5 are chemical inhibitors of glycolytic enzymes in cancer cells and have potential uses in translational medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, The Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, P.R. China
| | - Xun Hu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jingjie Cui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Information Science and Instrument Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
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204
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Wang P, Jiang L, Cao Y, Zhang X, Chen B, Zhang S, Huang K, Ye D, Zhou L. Xanthone derivatives as phosphoglycerate mutase 1 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem 2018. [PMID: 29530347 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) is a glycolytic enzyme that dynamically converts 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG) to 2-phosphoglycerate (2PG), which was upregulated to coordinate glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and serine biosynthesis to promote cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth in a variety of cancers. However, only a few inhibitors of PGAM1 have been reported with poor molecular or cellular efficacy. In this paper, a series of xanthone derivatives were discovered as novel PGAM1 inhibitors through scaffold hopping and sulfonamide reversal strategy based on the lead compound PGMI-004A. Most xanthone derivatives showed higher potency against PGAM1 than PGMI-004A and exhibited moderate anti-proliferation activity on different cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No.826, Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lulu Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No.826, Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No.826, Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No.826, Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bangjing Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No.826, Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No.826, Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No.826, Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Deyong Ye
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No.826, Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No.826, Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
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205
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Kurmi K, Hitosugi S, Wiese EK, Boakye-Agyeman F, Gonsalves WI, Lou Z, Karnitz LM, Goetz MP, Hitosugi T. Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1A Has a Lysine Succinyltransferase Activity. Cell Rep 2018; 22:1365-1373. [PMID: 29425493 PMCID: PMC5826573 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine succinylation was recently identified as a post-translational modification in cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying lysine succinylation remains unclear. Here, we show that carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) has lysine succinyltransferase (LSTase) activity in vivo and in vitro. Using a stable isotope labeling by amino acid in cell culture (SILAC)-based proteomics approach, we found that 101 proteins were more succinylated in cells expressing wild-type (WT) CPT1A compared with vector control cells. One of the most heavily succinylated proteins in this analysis was enolase 1. We found that CPT1A WT succinylated enolase 1 and reduced enolase enzymatic activity in cells and in vitro. Importantly, mutation of CPT1A Gly710 (G710E) selectively inactivated carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPTase) activity but not the LSTase activity that decreased enolase activity in cells and promoted cell proliferation under glutamine depletion. These findings suggest that CPT1A acts as an LSTase that can regulate enzymatic activity of a substrate protein and metabolism independent of its classical CPTase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kurmi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Sadae Hitosugi
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Wiese
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | | | - Zhenkun Lou
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Larry M Karnitz
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Matthew P Goetz
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Taro Hitosugi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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206
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Liu X, Tan X, Liu P, Wu Y, Qian S, Zhang X. Phosphoglycerate Mutase 1 (PGAM1) Promotes Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) Metastasis by Acting as a Novel Downstream Target of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway. Oncol Res 2018; 26:1123-1131. [PMID: 29386088 PMCID: PMC7844743 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15166223632406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive tumors known, with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 6% due to early local invasion and distant metastasis. Exploring suitable therapeutic targets associated with invasion and metastasis is required for improving the prognosis of PDAC. In this study, we investigated the role of the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) in PDAC. PGAM1 expression was examined in tissue samples of 54 PDAC patients using immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between clinicopathological expression and PGAM1 expression was determined. A survival curve was generated using the Kaplan–Meier method. After silencing PGAM1 by siRNA in pancreatic cancer cell lines Aspc-1 and Panc-1, the changes in proliferation, migration, and invasion, and signal pathways were determined. In this study, the expression of PGAM1 was found positively related to poor differentiation, metastasis, advanced clinical stage, and poor survival rate. Silencing PGAM1 decreased the proliferation of Aspc-1 and Panc-1 cells with an S phase arrest, but without influencing cell apoptosis. Migration and invasion also decreased significantly, independent of proliferation. PGAM1 was also found to promote EMT of PDAC cell lines by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. PGAM1 itself was modulated by the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway as a novel downstream target and has a positive mutual regulation with HIF-1α. This study indicates that PGAM1 is closely associated with clinical metastasis and poor prognosis of PDAC. PGAM1 is considered as a potential therapeutic target in PDAC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Liu
- First Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Tan
- First Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- First Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Yunhao Wu
- First Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Songying Qian
- First Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- First Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
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207
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Spainhour JCG, Lim J, Qiu P. GDISC: a web portal for integrative analysis of gene-drug interaction for survival in cancer. Bioinformatics 2018; 33:1426-1428. [PMID: 28453687 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary Survival analysis has been applied to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. Although drug exposure records are available in TCGA, existing survival analyses typically did not consider drug exposure, partly due to naming inconsistencies in the data. We have spent extensive effort to standardize the drug exposure data, which enabled us to perform survival analysis on drug-stratified subpopulations of cancer patients. Using this strategy, we integrated gene copy number data, drug exposure data and patient survival data to infer gene-drug interactions that impact survival. The collection of all analyzed gene-drug interactions in 32 cancer types are organized and presented in a searchable web-portal called gene-drug Interaction for survival in cancer (GDISC). GDISC allows biologists and clinicians to interactively explore the gene-drug interactions identified in the context of TCGA, and discover interactions associated to their favorite cancer, drug and/or gene of interest. In addition, GDISC provides the standardized drug exposure data, which is a valuable resource for developing new methods for drug-specific analysis. Availability and Implementation GDISC is available at https://gdisc.bme.gatech.edu/. Contact peng.qiu@bme.gatech.edu.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juho Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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208
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Meng H, Fitzgerald MC. Proteome-Wide Characterization of Phosphorylation-Induced Conformational Changes in Breast Cancer. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:1129-1137. [PMID: 29332387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Because of the close link between protein function and protein folding stability, knowledge about phosphorylation-induced protein folding stability changes can lead to a better understanding of the functional effects of protein phosphorylation. Here, the stability of proteins from rates of oxidation (SPROX) and limited proteolysis (LiP) techniques are used to compare the conformational properties of proteins in two MCF-7 cell lysates including one that was and one that was not dephosphorylated with alkaline phosphatase. A total of 168 and 251 protein hits were identified with dephosphorylation-induced stability changes using the SPROX and LiP techniques, respectively. Many protein hits are previously known to be differentially phosphorylated or differentially stabilized in different human breast cancer subtypes, suggesting that the phosphorylation-induced stability changes detected in this work are disease related. The SPROX hits were enriched in proteins with aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity. These enriched protein hits included many aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs), which are known from previous studies to have their catalytic activity modulated by phosphorylation. The SPROX results revealed that the magnitudes of the destabilizing effects of dephoshporylation on the different aaRSs were directly correlated with their previously reported aminoacylation activity change upon dephosphorylation. This substantiates the close link between protein folding and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Michael C Fitzgerald
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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209
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Phosphoglyceric acid mutase-1 contributes to oncogenic mTOR-mediated tumor growth and confers non-small cell lung cancer patients with poor prognosis. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:1160-1173. [PMID: 29362480 PMCID: PMC5988759 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-017-0034-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As a hallmark of cancer, the Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis) confers a selective advantage for the survival and proliferation of cancer cells. Due to frequent aberration of upstream proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressors, hyperactive mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a potent inducer of the Warburg effect. Here, we report that overexpression of a glycolytic enzyme, phosphoglyceric acid mutase-1 (PGAM1), is critical to oncogenic mTOR-mediated Warburg effect. mTOR stimulated PGAM1 expression through hypoxia-inducible factor 1α-mediated transcriptional activation. Blockage of PGAM1 suppressed mTOR-dependent glycolysis, cell proliferation, and tumorigenesis. PGAM1 expression and mTOR activity were positively correlated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and PGAM1 abundance was an adverse predictor for patient survival. PGAM1 is thus a downstream effector of mTOR signaling pathway and mTOR-PGAM1 signaling cascade may contribute to the development of Warburg effect observed in cancer. We consider PGAM1 as a novel prognostic biomarker for NSCLC and a therapeutic target for cancer.
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210
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Metabolic reprogramming by PCK1 promotes TCA cataplerosis, oxidative stress and apoptosis in liver cancer cells and suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2018; 37:1637-1653. [PMID: 29335519 PMCID: PMC5860930 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK or PCK) catalyzes the first rate-limiting step in hepatic gluconeogenesis pathway to maintain blood glucose levels. Mammalian cells express two PCK genes, encoding for a cytoplasmic (PCPEK-C or PCK1) and a mitochondrial (PEPCK-M or PCK2) isoforms, respectively. Increased expressions of both PCK genes are found in cancer of several organs, including colon, lung, and skin, and linked to increased anabolic metabolism and cell proliferation. Here, we report that the expressions of both PCK1 and PCK2 genes are downregulated in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and low PCK expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Forced expression of either PCK1 or PCK2 in liver cancer cell lines results in severe apoptosis under the condition of glucose deprivation and suppressed liver tumorigenesis in mice. Mechanistically, we show that the pro-apoptotic effect of PCK1 requires its catalytic activity. We demonstrate that forced PCK1 expression in glucose-starved liver cancer cells induced TCA cataplerosis, leading to energy crisis and oxidative stress. Replenishing TCA intermediate α-ketoglutarate or inhibition of reactive oxygen species production blocked the cell death caused by PCK expression. Taken together, our data reveal that PCK1 is detrimental to malignant hepatocytes and suggest activating PCK1 expression as a potential treatment strategy for patients with HCC.
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211
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Vučetić M, Cormerais Y, Parks SK, Pouysségur J. The Central Role of Amino Acids in Cancer Redox Homeostasis: Vulnerability Points of the Cancer Redox Code. Front Oncol 2017; 7:319. [PMID: 29312889 PMCID: PMC5742588 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A fine balance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and removal is of utmost importance for homeostasis of all cells and especially in highly proliferating cells that encounter increased ROS production due to enhanced metabolism. Consequently, increased production of these highly reactive molecules requires coupling with increased antioxidant defense production within cells. This coupling is observed in cancer cells that allocate significant energy reserves to maintain their intracellular redox balance. Glutathione (GSH), as a first line of defense, represents the most important, non-enzymatic antioxidant component together with the NADPH/NADP+ couple, which ensures the maintenance of the pool of reduced GSH. In this review, the central role of amino acids (AAs) in the maintenance of redox homeostasis in cancer, through GSH synthesis (cysteine, glutamate, and glycine), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) production (serine, and glutamine/glutamate) are illustrated. Special emphasis is placed on the importance of AA transporters known to be upregulated in cancers (such as system xc-light chain and alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2) in the maintenance of AA homeostasis, and thus indirectly, the redox homeostasis of cancer cells. The role of the ROS varies (often described as a "two-edged sword") during the processes of carcinogenesis, metastasis, and cancer treatment. Therefore, the context-dependent role of specific AAs in the initiation, progression, and dissemination of cancer, as well as in the redox-dependent sensitivity/resistance of the neoplastic cells to chemotherapy are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Vučetić
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Monaco, Monaco
| | - Yann Cormerais
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Monaco, Monaco
| | - Scott K Parks
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Monaco, Monaco
| | - Jacques Pouysségur
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Monaco, Monaco.,Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), CNRS, INSERM, Centre A. Lacassagne, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
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212
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Abstract
Glycolysis, the breakdown of glucose, is one of the most conserved and extensively studied biochemical pathways. Designing principles from chemistry and thermodynamics allow for energy production, biosynthesis and cellular communication. However, the kinetics or metabolic flux through the pathway also determines its function. Recently, there have been numerous developments that establish new allosteric interactions of glycolytic enzymes with small molecule metabolites and other mechanisms that may cooperate to allow for addition complex regulation of glycolysis. This review surveys these newfound sources of glycolysis regulation and discusses their possible roles in establishing kinetic design principles of glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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213
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Conformation and dynamics of the C-terminal region in human phosphoglycerate mutase 1. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:1673-1682. [PMID: 28748916 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1), an important enzyme in glycolysis, is overexpressed in a number of human cancers, thus has been proposed as a promising metabolic target for cancer treatments. The C-terminal portion of the available crystal structures of PGAM1 and its homologous proteins is partially disordered, as evidenced by weak electron density. In this study, we identified the conformational behavior of the C-terminal region of PGAM1 as well as its role during the catalytic cycle. Using the PONDR-FIT server, we demonstrated that the C-terminal region was intrinsically disordered. We applied the Monte Carlo (MC) method to explore the conformational space of the C-terminus and conducted a series of explicit-solvent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and revealed that the C-terminal region is inherently dynamic; large-scale conformational changes in the C-terminal segment led to the structural transition of PGAM1 from the closed state to the open state. Furthermore, the C-terminal segment influenced 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) binding. The proposed swing model illustrated a critical role of the C-terminus in the catalytic cycle through the conformational changes. In conclusion, the C-terminal region induces large movements of PGAM1 from the closed state to the open state and influences cofactor binding during the catalytic cycle. This report describes the dynamic features of the C-terminal region in detail and should aid in design of novel and efficient inhibitors of PGAM1. A swing mechanism of the C-terminal region is proposed, to facilitate further studies of the catalytic mechanism and the physiological functions of its homologues.
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214
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Fourcade S, Morató L, Parameswaran J, Ruiz M, Ruiz‐Cortés T, Jové M, Naudí A, Martínez‐Redondo P, Dierssen M, Ferrer I, Villarroya F, Pamplona R, Vaquero A, Portero‐Otín M, Pujol A. Loss of SIRT2 leads to axonal degeneration and locomotor disability associated with redox and energy imbalance. Aging Cell 2017; 16:1404-1413. [PMID: 28984064 PMCID: PMC5676070 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is a member of a family of NAD+‐dependent histone deacetylases (HDAC) that play diverse roles in cellular metabolism and especially for aging process. SIRT2 is located in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria, is highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), and has been reported to regulate a variety of processes including oxidative stress, genome integrity, and myelination. However, little is known about the role of SIRT2 in the nervous system specifically during aging. Here, we show that middle‐aged, 13‐month‐old mice lacking SIRT2 exhibit locomotor dysfunction due to axonal degeneration, which was not present in young SIRT2 mice. In addition, these Sirt2−/− mice exhibit mitochondrial depletion resulting in energy failure, and redox dyshomeostasis. Our results provide a novel link between SIRT2 and physiological aging impacting the axonal compartment of the central nervous system, while supporting a major role for SIRT2 in orchestrating its metabolic regulation. This underscores the value of SIRT2 as a therapeutic target in the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases that undergo with axonal degeneration associated with redox and energetic dyshomeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Fourcade
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory Institute of Neuropathology IDIBELL Barcelona Spain
- CIBERER U759 Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases Barcelona Spain
| | - Laia Morató
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory Institute of Neuropathology IDIBELL Barcelona Spain
- CIBERER U759 Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases Barcelona Spain
| | - Janani Parameswaran
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory Institute of Neuropathology IDIBELL Barcelona Spain
- CIBERER U759 Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases Barcelona Spain
| | - Montserrat Ruiz
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory Institute of Neuropathology IDIBELL Barcelona Spain
- CIBERER U759 Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases Barcelona Spain
| | - Tatiana Ruiz‐Cortés
- Biogenesis Research Group Agrarian Sciences Faculty University of Antioquia Medellin Colombia
| | - Mariona Jové
- Experimental Medicine Department University of Lleida‐IRBLleida Lleida Spain
| | - Alba Naudí
- Experimental Medicine Department University of Lleida‐IRBLleida Lleida Spain
| | - Paloma Martínez‐Redondo
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC) Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona Spain
| | - Mara Dierssen
- Cellular & Systems Neurobiology, Systems Biology Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences Universidad Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain
- CIBERER U716 Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases Barcelona Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Institute of Neuropathology University of Barcelona L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) ISCIII Madrid Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Barcelona Av. Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
- The Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB) Barcelona Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN) Barcelona Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Experimental Medicine Department University of Lleida‐IRBLleida Lleida Spain
| | - Alejandro Vaquero
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC) Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona Spain
| | - Manel Portero‐Otín
- Experimental Medicine Department University of Lleida‐IRBLleida Lleida Spain
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory Institute of Neuropathology IDIBELL Barcelona Spain
- CIBERER U759 Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases Barcelona Spain
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) Barcelona Spain
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215
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Elenitoba-Johnson KSJ, Lim MS. New Insights into Lymphoma Pathogenesis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2017; 13:193-217. [PMID: 29140757 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-020117-043803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lymphomas represent clonal proliferations of lymphocytes that are broadly classified based upon their maturity (peripheral or mature versus precursor) and lineage (B cell, T cell, and natural killer cell). Insights into the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in lymphoma impact the classification of lymphoma and have significant implications for the diagnosis and clinical management of patients. Serial scientific and technologic advances over the last 30 years in immunology, cytogenetics, molecular biology, gene expression profiling, mass spectrometry-based proteomics, and, more recently, next-generation sequencing have contributed to greatly enhance our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms in lymphoma. Novel and emerging concepts that challenge our previously accepted paradigms about lymphoma biology and how these impact diagnosis, molecular testing, disease monitoring, drug development, and personalized and precision medicine for lymphoma are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojo S J Elenitoba-Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , .,Center for Personalized Diagnostics and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Megan S Lim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , .,Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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216
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Soler-Oliva ME, Guerrero-Martínez JA, Bachetti V, Reyes JC. Analysis of the relationship between coexpression domains and chromatin 3D organization. PLoS Comput Biol 2017; 13:e1005708. [PMID: 28902867 PMCID: PMC5612749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene order is not random in eukaryotic chromosomes, and co-regulated genes tend to be clustered. The mechanisms that determine co-regulation of large regions of the genome and its connection with chromatin three-dimensional (3D) organization are still unclear however. Here we have adapted a recently described method for identifying chromatin topologically associating domains (TADs) to identify coexpression domains (which we term “CODs”). Using human normal breast and breast cancer RNA-seq data, we have identified approximately 500 CODs. CODs in the normal and breast cancer genomes share similar characteristics but differ in their gene composition. COD genes have a greater tendency to be coexpressed with genes that reside in other CODs than with non-COD genes. Such inter-COD coexpression is maintained over large chromosomal distances in the normal genome but is partially lost in the cancer genome. Analyzing the relationship between CODs and chromatin 3D organization using Hi-C contact data, we find that CODs do not correspond to TADs. In fact, intra-TAD gene coexpression is the same as random for most chromosomes. However, the contact profile is similar between gene pairs that reside either in the same COD or in coexpressed CODs. These data indicate that co-regulated genes in the genome present similar patterns of contacts irrespective of the frequency of physical chromatin contacts between them. Prokaryotic operons normally comprise functionally related genes whose expression is coordinated. Even though operons do not exist in most eukaryotes, results from the last fifteen years indicate that gene order is nonetheless not random in eukaryotes, and that coexpressed genes tend to be grouped in the genome. We identify here about 500 coexpression domain (CODs) in normal breast tissue. Interestingly, we find that genes within CODs often are coexpressed with other genes that reside in other CODs placed very far away in the same chromosome, which is indicative of long-range inter-COD co-regulation. Furthermore, we find that coexpressed genes within CODs or within co-regulated CODs display similar three-dimensional chromatin contacts, suggesting a spatial coordination of CODs.
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Affiliation(s)
- María E. Soler-Oliva
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla-Universidad Pablo de Olavide (CSIC-USE-UPO), Sevilla, Spain
| | - José A. Guerrero-Martínez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla-Universidad Pablo de Olavide (CSIC-USE-UPO), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Valentina Bachetti
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla-Universidad Pablo de Olavide (CSIC-USE-UPO), Sevilla, Spain
| | - José C. Reyes
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla-Universidad Pablo de Olavide (CSIC-USE-UPO), Sevilla, Spain
- * E-mail:
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217
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Molecular dynamics simulation reveals how phosphorylation of tyrosine 26 of phosphoglycerate mutase 1 upregulates glycolysis and promotes tumor growth. Oncotarget 2017; 8:12093-12107. [PMID: 28076845 PMCID: PMC5355328 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) catalyzes the eighth step of glycolysis and is often found upregulated in cancer cells. To test the hypothesis that the phosphorylation of tyrosine 26 residue of PGAM1 greatly enhances its activity, we performed both conventional and steered molecular dynamics simulations on the binding and unbinding of PGAM1 to its substrates, with tyrosine 26 either phosphorylated or not. We analyzed the simulated data in terms of structural stability, hydrogen bond formation, binding free energy, etc. We found that tyrosine 26 phosphorylation enhances the binding of PGAM1 to its substrates through generating electrostatic environment and structural features that are advantageous to the binding. Our results may provide valuable insights into computer-aided design of drugs that specifically target cancer cells with PGAM1 tyrosine 26 phosphorylated.
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218
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Bisphosphoglycerate mutase controls serine pathway flux via 3-phosphoglycerate. Nat Chem Biol 2017; 13:1081-1087. [PMID: 28805803 PMCID: PMC5605442 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Lower glycolysis involves a series of reversible reactions, which interconvert intermediates that also feed anabolic pathways. 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG) is an abundant lower glycolytic intermediate that feeds serine biosynthesis via the enzyme phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, which is genomically amplified in several cancers. Phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM1) catalyzes the isomerization of 3-PG into the downstream glycolytic intermediate 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG). Catalytic activity of PGAM1 requires its histidine phosphorylation. We show that the primary PGAM1 histidine phosphate donor is 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG), which is made from the glycolytic intermediate 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) by bisphosphoglycerate mutase (BPGM). When BPGM is knocked out, 1,3-BPG can directly phosphorylate PGAM1. In this case, PGAM1 phosphorylation and activity are decreased, but nevertheless sufficient to maintain normal glycolytic flux and cellular growth rate. 3-PG, however, accumulates, leading to increased serine synthesis. Thus, one biological function of BPGM is to control glycolytic intermediate levels and thereby serine biosynthetic flux.
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219
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Vairamani K, Wang HS, Medvedovic M, Lorenz JN, Shull GE. RNA SEQ Analysis Indicates that the AE3 Cl -/HCO 3- Exchanger Contributes to Active Transport-Mediated CO 2 Disposal in Heart. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7264. [PMID: 28779178 PMCID: PMC5544674 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07585-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of the AE3 Cl−/HCO3− exchanger (Slc4a3) in mice causes an impaired cardiac force-frequency response and heart failure under some conditions but the mechanisms are not known. To better understand the functions of AE3, we performed RNA Seq analysis of AE3-null and wild-type mouse hearts and evaluated the data with respect to three hypotheses (CO2 disposal, facilitation of Na+-loading, and recovery from an alkaline load) that have been proposed for its physiological functions. Gene Ontology and PubMatrix analyses of differentially expressed genes revealed a hypoxia response and changes in vasodilation and angiogenesis genes that strongly support the CO2 disposal hypothesis. Differential expression of energy metabolism genes, which indicated increased glucose utilization and decreased fatty acid utilization, were consistent with adaptive responses to perturbations of O2/CO2 balance in AE3-null myocytes. Given that the myocardium is an obligate aerobic tissue and consumes large amounts of O2, the data suggest that loss of AE3, which has the potential to extrude CO2 in the form of HCO3−, impairs O2/CO2 balance in cardiac myocytes. These results support a model in which the AE3 Cl−/HCO3− exchanger, coupled with parallel Cl− and H+-extrusion mechanisms and extracellular carbonic anhydrase, is responsible for active transport-mediated disposal of CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanimozhi Vairamani
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - Hong-Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - John N Lorenz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - Gary E Shull
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA.
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220
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Martínez-Rivera FJ, Pérez-Laspiur J, Santiago-Gascot ME, Alemán-Reyes AG, García-Santiago E, Rodríguez-Pérez Y, Calo-Guadalupe C, Otero-Pagán I, Ayala-Pagán RN, Martínez M, Cantres-Rosario YM, Meléndez LM, Barreto-Estrada JL. Differential protein expression profile in the hypothalamic GT1-7 cell line after exposure to anabolic androgenic steroids. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180409. [PMID: 28719635 PMCID: PMC5515402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) has been considered a major public health problem during decades. Supraphysiological doses of AAS may lead to a variety of neuroendocrine problems. Precisely, the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is one of the body systems that is mainly influenced by steroidal hormones. Fluctuations of the hormonal milieu result in alterations of reproductive function, which are made through changes in hypothalamic neurons expressing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). In fact, previous studies have shown that AAS modulate the activity of these neurons through steroid-sensitive afferents. To increase knowledge about the cellular mechanisms induced by AAS in GnRH neurons, we performed proteomic analyses of the murine hypothalamic GT1-7 cell line after exposure to 17α-methyltestosterone (17α-meT; 1 μM). These cells represent a good model for studying regulatory processes because they exhibit the typical characteristics of GnRH neurons, and respond to compounds that modulate GnRH in vivo. Two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and mass spectrometry analyses identified a total of 17 different proteins that were significantly affected by supraphysiological levels of AAS. Furthermore, pathway analyses showed that modulated proteins were mainly associated to glucose metabolism, drug detoxification, stress response and cell cycle. Validation of many of these proteins, such as GSTM1, ERH, GAPDH, PEBP1 and PDIA6, were confirmed by western blotting. We further demonstrated that AAS exposure decreased expression of estrogen receptors and GnRH, while two important signaling pathway proteins p-ERK, and p-p38, were modulated. Our results suggest that steroids have the capacity to directly affect the neuroendocrine system by modulating key cellular processes for the control of reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddyson J. Martínez-Rivera
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Juliana Pérez-Laspiur
- Translational Proteomics Center-RCMI, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - María E. Santiago-Gascot
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Abner G. Alemán-Reyes
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Emanuel García-Santiago
- Department of Biotechnology, Universidad del Este, Carolina, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Yolanda Rodríguez-Pérez
- Translational Proteomics Center-RCMI, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Cristhian Calo-Guadalupe
- Department of Biotechnology, Universidad del Este, Carolina, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Inelia Otero-Pagán
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Roxsana N. Ayala-Pagán
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Magdiel Martínez
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Yisel M. Cantres-Rosario
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Loyda M. Meléndez
- Translational Proteomics Center-RCMI, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Barreto-Estrada
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
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221
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Zhang D, Wu H, Zhang X, Ding X, Huang M, Geng M, Li H, Xie Z. Phosphoglycerate Mutase 1 Predicts the Poor Prognosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and is Associated with Cell Migration. J Cancer 2017; 8:1943-1951. [PMID: 28819393 PMCID: PMC5559954 DOI: 10.7150/jca.19278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignant tumor with high metastatic potential. However, no good biomarker has been identified to refine which subtype is of high metastatic potential to make decisions regarding the elective and therapeutic management of lymphatic metastases. In this study, we investigated the role of the metabolic enzyme phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) in OSCC. PGAM1 expression was examined in tissue samples of 122 OSCC patients using immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between clinicopathological expression and PGAM1 expression was determined. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariate analysis was performed by the Cox proportional hazards model. Moreover, PGAM1 was knocked down in the OSCC cell lines Cal27 and HN12, followed by determination of the change in cell migration and signaling pathways. PGAM1 expression is correlated with age, lymphatic metastasis and tumor recurrence and is closely associated with poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Intriguingly, PGAM1 is an independent risk factor for OS and DFS. After knocking down PGAM1 in Cal27 and HN12 cells, cell migration was remarkably decreased along with signaling pathway molecules, such as proto-oncogene c-SRC (SRC), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Paxillin. The effect on cell migration was abolished following pretreatment with an SRC inhibitor. This study suggested that PGAM1 is a poor prognostic biomarker of OSCC and may be used to select patients of high metastatic potential in the clinic, and PGAM1 promotes the migration of OSCC cells is associated with the SRC pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dadong Zhang
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Heming Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University
| | - Xu Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University
| | - Min Huang
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meiyu Geng
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University
| | - Zuoquan Xie
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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222
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Mason JA, Hagel KR, Hawk MA, Schafer ZT. Metabolism during ECM Detachment: Achilles Heel of Cancer Cells? Trends Cancer 2017; 3:475-481. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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223
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Colwell N, Larion M, Giles AJ, Seldomridge AN, Sizdahkhani S, Gilbert MR, Park DM. Hypoxia in the glioblastoma microenvironment: shaping the phenotype of cancer stem-like cells. Neuro Oncol 2017; 19:887-896. [PMID: 28339582 PMCID: PMC5570138 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive malignant primary brain tumor. Cellular heterogeneity is a characteristic feature of the disease and contributes to the difficulty in formulating effective therapies. Glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) have been identified as a subpopulation of tumor cells that are thought to be largely responsible for resistance to treatment. Intratumoral hypoxia contributes to maintenance of the GSCs by supporting the critical stem cell traits of multipotency, self-renewal, and tumorigenicity. This review highlights the interaction of GSCs with the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, exploring the mechanisms underlying the contribution of GSCs to tumor vessel dynamics, immune modulation, and metabolic alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Colwell
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland ; Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mioara Larion
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland ; Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amber J Giles
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland ; Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ashlee N Seldomridge
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland ; Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Saman Sizdahkhani
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland ; Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland ; Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Deric M Park
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland ; Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland
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224
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Ros S, Flöter J, Kaymak I, Da Costa C, Houddane A, Dubuis S, Griffiths B, Mitter R, Walz S, Blake S, Behrens A, Brindle KM, Zamboni N, Rider MH, Schulze A. 6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4 is essential for p53-null cancer cells. Oncogene 2017; 36:3287-3299. [PMID: 28092678 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The bifunctional enzyme 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase-4 (PFKFB4) controls metabolic flux through allosteric regulation of glycolysis. Here we show that p53 regulates the expression of PFKFB4 and that p53-deficient cancer cells are highly dependent on the function of this enzyme. We found that p53 downregulates PFKFB4 expression by binding to its promoter and mediating transcriptional repression via histone deacetylases. Depletion of PFKFB4 from p53-deficient cancer cells increased levels of the allosteric regulator fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, leading to increased glycolytic activity but decreased routing of metabolites through the oxidative arm of the pentose-phosphate pathway. PFKFB4 was also required to support the synthesis and regeneration of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in p53-deficient cancer cells. Moreover, depletion of PFKFB4-attenuated cellular biosynthetic activity and resulted in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and cell death in the absence of p53. Finally, silencing of PFKFB4-induced apoptosis in p53-deficient cancer cells in vivo and interfered with tumour growth. These results demonstrate that PFKFB4 is essential to support anabolic metabolism in p53-deficient cancer cells and suggest that inhibition of PFKFB4 could be an effective strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ros
- Gene Expression Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Flöter
- Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, Am Hubland, Würzburg, Germany
| | - I Kaymak
- Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, Am Hubland, Würzburg, Germany
| | - C Da Costa
- Adult Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - A Houddane
- Protein Phosphorylation Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Dubuis
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Griffiths
- Gene Expression Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - R Mitter
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - S Walz
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Core Unit Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Blake
- Adult Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - A Behrens
- Adult Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - K M Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - N Zamboni
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M H Rider
- Protein Phosphorylation Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Schulze
- Gene Expression Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
- Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, Am Hubland, Würzburg, Germany
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225
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Li X, Tang S, Wang QQ, Leung ELH, Jin H, Huang Y, Liu J, Geng M, Huang M, Yuan S, Yao XJ, Ding J. Identification of Epigallocatechin-3- Gallate as an Inhibitor of Phosphoglycerate Mutase 1. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:325. [PMID: 28611670 PMCID: PMC5447756 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting metabolic enzymes is believed to provide new therapeutic opportunities for cancer therapy. Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) is a glycolytic enzyme that importantly coordinates glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux and serine biosynthesis in cancer cells and hence gains increasing interest of inhibitor discovery. Only few PGAM1 inhibitors have been reported and the molecular potency remains very limited. In an effort to discover new PGAM1 inhibitors, we carried out a biochemical assay-based screen that was focused on natural products derived small molecule compounds. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major natural catechins of green tea extract, was identified as a PGAM1 inhibitor that was tremendously more potent than known PGAM1 inhibitors. Further studies combining molecular docking and site-specific mutagenesis revealed that EGCG inhibited PGAM1 enzymatic activity in a manner independent of substrate competition. EGCG modulated the intracellular level of 2-phosphoglycerate, impaired glycolysis and PPP and inhibited proliferation of cancer cells. This study suggested EGCG as a chemical scaffold for the discovery of potent PGAM1 inhibitors and gained mechanistic insights to understand the previously appreciated anticancer properties of EGCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China.,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Shuai Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wang
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
| | - Elaine L-H Leung
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
| | - Hongyue Jin
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Meiyu Geng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Min Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Shengtao Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China.,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
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226
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PAK4 regulates G6PD activity by p53 degradation involving colon cancer cell growth. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2820. [PMID: 28542136 PMCID: PMC5520749 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) is overexpressed in different cancers and promotes proliferation of cancer cells. Reprogramming of glucose metabolism is found in most cancer cells which in turn supports rapid proliferation. However, the relationship between PAK4 and glucose metabolism in cancer cells has not been explored. In this study, we reported that PAK4 promoted glucose intake, NADPH production and lipid biosynthesis, leading to an increased proliferation of colon cancer cells. Mechanistically, PAK4 interacted with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), a rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway and increased G6PD activity via enhancing Mdm2-mediated p53 ubiquitination degradation. In addition, we demonstrated a close positive correlation between PAK4 and G6PD expression in colon cancer specimens. Furthermore, expression of PAK4 or G6PD was positively correlated with an aggressive phenotype of clinical colon cancer. These findings revealed a novel glucose metabolism-related mechanism of PAK4 in promoting colon cancer cell growth, suggesting that PAK4 and/or G6PD blockage might be a potential therapeutic strategy for colon cancer.
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227
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Regulation of Metabolic Activity by p53. Metabolites 2017; 7:metabo7020021. [PMID: 28531108 PMCID: PMC5487992 DOI: 10.3390/metabo7020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells is controlled by the activation of multiple oncogenic signalling pathways in order to promote macromolecule biosynthesis during rapid proliferation. Cancer cells also need to adapt their metabolism to survive and multiply under the metabolically compromised conditions provided by the tumour microenvironment. The tumour suppressor p53 interacts with the metabolic network at multiple nodes, mostly to reduce anabolic metabolism and promote preservation of cellular energy under conditions of nutrient restriction. Inactivation of this tumour suppressor by deletion or mutation is a frequent event in human cancer. While loss of p53 function lifts an important barrier to cancer development by deleting cell cycle and apoptosis checkpoints, it also removes a crucial regulatory mechanism and can render cancer cells highly sensitive to metabolic perturbation. In this review, we will summarise the major concepts of metabolic regulation by p53 and explore how this knowledge can be used to selectively target p53 deficient cancer cells in the context of the tumour microenvironment.
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228
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Tech K, Tikunov AP, Farooq H, Morrissy AS, Meidinger J, Fish T, Green SC, Liu H, Li Y, Mungall AJ, Moore RA, Ma Y, Jones SJM, Marra MA, Vander Heiden MG, Taylor MD, Macdonald JM, Gershon TR. Pyruvate Kinase Inhibits Proliferation during Postnatal Cerebellar Neurogenesis and Suppresses Medulloblastoma Formation. Cancer Res 2017; 77:3217-3230. [PMID: 28515149 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis supports proliferation through unresolved mechanisms. We have previously shown that aerobic glycolysis is required for the regulated proliferation of cerebellar granule neuron progenitors (CGNP) and for the growth of CGNP-derived medulloblastoma. Blocking the initiation of glycolysis via deletion of hexokinase-2 (Hk2) disrupts CGNP proliferation and restricts medulloblastoma growth. Here, we assessed whether disrupting pyruvate kinase-M (Pkm), an enzyme that acts in the terminal steps of glycolysis, would alter CGNP metabolism, proliferation, and tumorigenesis. We observed a dichotomous pattern of PKM expression, in which postmitotic neurons throughout the brain expressed the constitutively active PKM1 isoform, while neural progenitors and medulloblastomas exclusively expressed the less active PKM2. Isoform-specific Pkm2 deletion in CGNPs blocked all Pkm expression. Pkm2-deleted CGNPs showed reduced lactate production and increased SHH-driven proliferation. 13C-flux analysis showed that Pkm2 deletion reduced the flow of glucose carbons into lactate and glutamate without markedly increasing glucose-to-ribose flux. Pkm2 deletion accelerated tumor formation in medulloblastoma-prone ND2:SmoA1 mice, indicating the disrupting PKM releases CGNPs from a tumor-suppressive effect. These findings show that distal and proximal disruptions of glycolysis have opposite effects on proliferation, and that efforts to block the oncogenic effect of aerobic glycolysis must target reactions upstream of PKM. Cancer Res; 77(12); 3217-30. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Tech
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Andrey P Tikunov
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Hamza Farooq
- Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Sorana Morrissy
- Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Meidinger
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Taylor Fish
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sarah C Green
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Hedi Liu
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Yisu Li
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew J Mungall
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard A Moore
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yussanne Ma
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marco A Marra
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey M Macdonald
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Timothy R Gershon
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. .,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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229
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Xia S, Lin R, Jin L, Zhao L, Kang HB, Pan Y, Liu S, Qian G, Qian Z, Konstantakou E, Zhang B, Dong JT, Chung YR, Abdel-Wahab O, Merghoub T, Zhou L, Kudchadkar RR, Lawson DH, Khoury HJ, Khuri FR, Boise LH, Lonial S, Lee BH, Pollack BP, Arbiser JL, Fan J, Lei QY, Chen J. Prevention of Dietary-Fat-Fueled Ketogenesis Attenuates BRAF V600E Tumor Growth. Cell Metab 2017; 25:358-373. [PMID: 28089569 PMCID: PMC5299059 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Lifestyle factors, including diet, play an important role in the survival of cancer patients. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenic links between diet and particular oncogenic mutations in human cancers remain unclear. We recently reported that the ketone body acetoacetate selectively enhances BRAF V600E mutant-dependent MEK1 activation in human cancers. Here we show that a high-fat ketogenic diet increased serum levels of acetoacetate, leading to enhanced tumor growth potential of BRAF V600E-expressing human melanoma cells in xenograft mice. Treatment with hypolipidemic agents to lower circulating acetoacetate levels or an inhibitory homolog of acetoacetate, dehydroacetic acid, to antagonize acetoacetate-BRAF V600E binding attenuated BRAF V600E tumor growth. These findings reveal a signaling basis underlying a pathogenic role of dietary fat in BRAF V600E-expressing melanoma, providing insights into the design of conceptualized "precision diets" that may prevent or delay tumor progression based on an individual's specific oncogenic mutation profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Xia
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ruiting Lin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Lingtao Jin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hee-Bum Kang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yaozhu Pan
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Shuangping Liu
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Guoqing Qian
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Zhiyu Qian
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Evmorfia Konstantakou
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Baotong Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | | | - Taha Merghoub
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lu Zhou
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ragini R Kudchadkar
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - David H Lawson
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hanna J Khoury
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Fadlo R Khuri
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Lawrence H Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sagar Lonial
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Benjamin H Lee
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Brian P Pollack
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jack L Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Qun-Ying Lei
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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230
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Abstract
van Vugt previews work by Qu et al. linking the metabolic enzyme PGAM1 to the pool of nucleotides needed for proper DNA repair in cancer cells. Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) functions in glycolysis. In this issue, Qu et al. (2017. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201607008) show that PGAM1 inactivation leads to nucleotide depletion, which causes defective homologous recombination–mediated DNA repair, suggesting that targeting metabolic enzymes increases cancer cell susceptibility to DNA damaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A T M van Vugt
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9723GZ Groningen, Netherlands
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231
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Qu J, Sun W, Zhong J, Lv H, Zhu M, Xu J, Jin N, Xie Z, Tan M, Lin SH, Geng M, Ding J, Huang M. Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 regulates dNTP pool and promotes homologous recombination repair in cancer cells. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:409-424. [PMID: 28122957 PMCID: PMC5294784 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201607008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) regulates metabolism in cancer cells. Qu et al. show that PGAM1 maintains the intracellular dNTP pool, promotes the stability of CTBP-interacting protein, and is required for homologous recombination repair. PGAM1 inhibition sensitizes BRCA1/2-proficient breast cancer to PARP inhibitors. Glycolytic enzymes are known to play pivotal roles in cancer cell survival, yet their molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) is an important glycolytic enzyme that coordinates glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and serine biosynthesis in cancer cells. Herein, we report that PGAM1 is required for homologous recombination (HR) repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) caused by DNA-damaging agents. Mechanistically, PGAM1 facilitates DSB end resection by regulating the stability of CTBP-interacting protein (CtIP). Knockdown of PGAM1 in cancer cells accelerates CtIP degradation through deprivation of the intracellular deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate pool and associated activation of the p53/p73 pathway. Enzymatic inhibition of PGAM1 decreases CtIP protein levels, impairs HR repair, and hence sensitizes BRCA1/2-proficient breast cancer to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Together, this study identifies a metabolically dependent function of PGAM1 in promoting HR repair and reveals a potential therapeutic opportunity for PGAM1 inhibitors in combination with PARP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingrui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Nan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zuoquan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Minjia Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shu-Hai Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Meiyu Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China .,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Min Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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232
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Vert A, Castro J, Ribó M, Benito A, Vilanova M. A nuclear-directed human pancreatic ribonuclease (PE5) targets the metabolic phenotype of cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:18309-24. [PMID: 26918450 PMCID: PMC4951290 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleases represent a new class of antitumor RNA-damaging drugs. However, many wild-type members of the vertebrate secreted ribonuclease family are not cytotoxic because they are not able to evade the cytosolic ribonuclease inhibitor. We previously engineered the human pancreatic ribonuclease to direct it to the cell nucleus where the inhibitor is not present. The best characterized variant is PE5 that kills cancer cells through apoptosis mediated by the p21WAF1/CIP1 induction and the inactivation of JNK. Here, we have used microarray-derived transcriptional profiling to identify PE5 regulated genes on the NCI/ADR-RES ovarian cancer cell line. RT-qPCR analyses have confirmed the expression microarray findings. The results show that PE5 cause pleiotropic effects. Among them, it is remarkable the down-regulation of multiple genes that code for enzymes involved in deregulated metabolic pathways in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vert
- Laboratori d'Enginyeria de Proteïnes, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Josep Trueta, (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain
| | - Jessica Castro
- Laboratori d'Enginyeria de Proteïnes, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Josep Trueta, (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain
| | - Marc Ribó
- Laboratori d'Enginyeria de Proteïnes, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Josep Trueta, (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain
| | - Antoni Benito
- Laboratori d'Enginyeria de Proteïnes, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Josep Trueta, (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain
| | - Maria Vilanova
- Laboratori d'Enginyeria de Proteïnes, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Josep Trueta, (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain
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233
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Matsubara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University School of Medicine
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234
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Zhang D, Jin N, Sun W, Li X, Liu B, Xie Z, Qu J, Xu J, Yang X, Su Y, Tang S, Han H, Chen D, Ding J, Tan M, Huang M, Geng M. Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 promotes cancer cell migration independent of its metabolic activity. Oncogene 2016; 36:2900-2909. [PMID: 27991922 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) is a glycolytic enzyme that coordinates glycolysis and biosynthesis to promote cancer growth via its metabolic activity. Here, we report the discovery of a non-metabolic function of PGAM1 in promoting cancer metastasis. A proteomic study identified α-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2) as a PGAM1-associated protein. PGAM1 modulated actin filaments assembly, cell motility and cancer cell migration via directly interacting with ACTA2, which was independent of its metabolic activity. The enzymatically inactive H186R mutant retained its association with ACTA2, whereas 201-210 amino acids deleted PGAM1 mutant lost the interaction with ACTA2 regardless of intact metabolic activity. Importantly, PGAM1 knockdown decreased metastatic potential of breast cancer cells in vivo and PGAM1 and ACTA2 were jointly associated with the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Together, this study provided the first evidence revealing a non-metabolic function of PGAM1 in promoting cell migration, and gained new insights into the role of PGAM1 in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zhang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - N Jin
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - W Sun
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - X Li
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - B Liu
- The Chemical Proteomics Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Xie
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - J Qu
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - J Xu
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - X Yang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Su
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - S Tang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - H Han
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - D Chen
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - J Ding
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - M Tan
- The Chemical Proteomics Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - M Huang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - M Geng
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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235
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Kong DH, Li S, Du ZX, Liu C, Liu BQ, Li C, Zong ZH, Wang HQ. BAG3 elevation inhibits cell proliferation via direct interaction with G6PD in hepatocellular carcinomas. Oncotarget 2016; 7:700-11. [PMID: 26621836 PMCID: PMC4808027 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bcl-2 associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) contains multiple protein-binding motifs to mediate potential interactions with chaperons and/or other proteins, which is possibly ascribed to the multifaceted functions assigned to BAG3. The current study demonstrated that BAG3 directly interacted with glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). BAG3 suppressed the PPP flux, de novo DNA synthesis and cell growth in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). The growth defect of HCCs with forced BAG3 expression can be rescued by enforced G6PD expression. However, BAG3 elevation did not cause a reduction in cellular NADPH concentrations, another main product of G6PD. In addition, supplement of nucleosides alone was sufficient to recover the growth defect mediated by BAG3 elevation. Collectively, the current study established a tumor suppressor-like function of BAG3 via direct interaction with G6PD in HCCs at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Hui Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Si Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen-Xian Du
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bao-Qin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Zong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua-Qin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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236
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Spainhour JCG, Qiu P. Identification of gene-drug interactions that impact patient survival in TCGA. BMC Bioinformatics 2016; 17:409. [PMID: 27716027 PMCID: PMC5053348 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-016-1255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the advent of large scale biological data collection for various diseases, data analysis pipelines and workflows need to be established to build frameworks for integrative analysis. Here the authors present a pipeline for identifying disease specific gene-drug interactions using CNV (Copy Number Variation) and clinical data from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) project. Two cancer types were selected for analysis, LGG (Brain lower grade glioma) and GBM (Glioblastoma multiforme), due to the possible progression from LGG to GBM in some cases. The copy number and clinical data were then used to preform survival analysis on a gene by gene basis on sub-populations of patients exposed to a given drug. RESULTS Several gene-drug interactions are identified, where the copy number of a gene is associated to survival of a patient exposed to a certain drug. Both Irinotecan/HAS2 (Hyaluronan synthase 2) and Bevacizumab/PGAM1 (Phosphoglycerate mutase 1) are interactions found in this study with independent confirmation. Independent work in colon, breast cancer and leukemia (Györffy, Breast Cancer Res Treat 123:725-731, 2010; Mueller, Mol Cancer Ther 11:3024-3032, 2010; Hitosugi, Cancer Cell 13:585-600, 2012) showed these two interactions can lead to increased survival. CONCLUSION While the pipeline produced several possible interactions where increased survival is linked to normal or increased copy number of a given gene for patients treated with a given drug, no instance of low copy number or full deletion was linked to increased survival. The development of this pipeline shows a promising utility to identify possible beneficial gene-drug interactions that could improve patient survival and may illustrate some of the problems inherent in this kind of analysis on these data.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Christian Givhan Spainhour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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237
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Abstract
The non-essential amino acid serine supports several metabolic processes that are crucial for the growth and survival of proliferating cells, including protein, amino acid and glutathione synthesis. As an important one-carbon donor to the folate cycle, serine contributes to nucleotide synthesis, methylation reactions and the generation of NADPH for antioxidant defence. Many cancer cells are highly dependent on serine, a trait that provides several novel therapeutic opportunities, either through the inhibition of de novo serine synthesis or by limiting the availability or uptake of exogenous serine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Karen H Vousden
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
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238
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Abstract
In recent years there has been a growing interest among cancer biologists in cancer metabolism. This Review summarizes past and recent advances in our understanding of the reprogramming of glucose metabolism in cancer cells, which is mediated by oncogenic drivers and by the undifferentiated character of cancer cells. The reprogrammed glucose metabolism in cancer cells is required to fulfil anabolic demands. This Review discusses the possibility of exploiting the reprogrammed glucose metabolism for therapeutic approaches that selectively target cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nissim Hay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607 and Research and Development Section, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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239
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Xu Z, Gong J, Wang C, Wang Y, Song Y, Xu W, Liu Z, Liu Y. The diagnostic value and functional roles of phosphoglycerate mutase 1 in glioma. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:2236-44. [PMID: 27572934 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicated that phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) is involved in many cancer types and promotes breast cancer progression. However, the role of PGAM1 in glioma remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the association of PGAM1 expression with glioma grade and the role of PGAM1 in proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of glioma cells. The mRNA and protein expression of PGAM1 was analysed in glioma tissues and normal brain tissues. The expression of PGAM1 was examined further by immunohistochemical analysis. In addition, we inhibited the expression of PGAM1 in glioma cell line by siRNA to evaluate its role in glioma proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. The mRNA and protein expression of PGAM1 was significantly greater in glioma than normal brain tissues. PGAM1 expression was associated with the WHO grade of glioma. siRNA knockdown of PGAM1 significantly inhibited glioma cell proliferation, promoted glioma cell apoptosis, induced S phase cell cycle arrest and inhibited glioma cell migration and invasion in vitro. PGAM1 may be associated with the grade of glioma and be involved in the biological behavior of glioma cells. PGAM1 might be a novel therapeutic target in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkuan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jie Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Chuanwei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yunyan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhe Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong Provincial Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yuguang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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240
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Zhang F, Ren C, Lau KK, Zheng Z, Lu G, Yi Z, Zhao Y, Su F, Zhang S, Zhang B, Sobie EA, Zhang W, Walsh MJ. A network medicine approach to build a comprehensive atlas for the prognosis of human cancer. Brief Bioinform 2016; 17:1044-1059. [PMID: 27559151 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbw076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Cancer Genome Atlas project has generated multi-dimensional and highly integrated genomic data from a large number of patient samples with detailed clinical records across many cancer types, but it remains unclear how to best integrate the massive amount of genomic data into clinical practice. We report here our methodology to build a multi-dimensional subnetwork atlas for cancer prognosis to better investigate the potential impact of multiple genetic and epigenetic (gene expression, copy number variation, microRNA expression and DNA methylation) changes on the molecular states of networks that in turn affects complex cancer survivorship. We uncover an average of 38 novel subnetworks in the protein-protein interaction network that correlate with prognosis across four prominent cancer types. The clinical utility of these subnetwork biomarkers was further evaluated by prognostic impact evaluation, functional enrichment analysis, drug target annotation, tumor stratification and independent validation. Some pathways including the dynactin, cohesion and pyruvate dehydrogenase-related subnetworks are identified as promising new targets for therapy in specific cancer types. In conclusion, this integrative analysis of existing protein interactome and cancer genomics data allows us to systematically dissect the molecular mechanisms that underlie unexpected outcomes for cancer, which could be used to better understand and predict clinical outcomes, optimize treatment and to provide new opportunities for developing therapeutics related to the subnetworks identified.
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241
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Mulukutla BC, Yongky A, Le T, Mashek DG, Hu WS. Regulation of Glucose Metabolism – A Perspective From Cell Bioprocessing. Trends Biotechnol 2016; 34:638-651. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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242
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van der Mijn JC, Panka DJ, Geissler AK, Verheul HM, Mier JW. Novel drugs that target the metabolic reprogramming in renal cell cancer. Cancer Metab 2016; 4:14. [PMID: 27418963 PMCID: PMC4944519 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-016-0154-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular profiling studies of tumor tissue from patients with clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) have revealed extensive metabolic reprogramming in this disease. Associations were found between metabolic reprogramming, histopathologic Fuhrman grade, and overall survival of patients. Large-scale genomics, proteomics, and metabolomic analyses have been performed to identify the molecular players in this process. Genes involved in glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, glutamine metabolism, and lipogenesis were found to be upregulated in renal cell cancer (RCC) specimens as compared to normal tissue. Preclinical research indicates that mutations in VHL, FBP1, and the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway drives aerobic glycolysis through transcriptional activation of the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF). Mechanistic studies revealed glutamine as an important source for de novo fatty acid synthesis through reductive carboxylation. Amplification of MYC drives reductive carboxylation. In this review, we present a detailed overview of the metabolic changes in RCC in conjunction with potential novel therapeutics. We discuss preclinical studies that have investigated targeted agents that interfere with various aspects of tumor cell metabolism and emphasize their impact specifically on glycolysis, lipogenesis, and tumor growth. Furthermore, we describe a number of phase 1 and 2 clinical trials that have been conducted with these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes C van der Mijn
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA ; Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands ; Department of Internal Medicine, OLVG; Jan van Tooropstraat 164, 1061 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David J Panka
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Andrew K Geissler
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Henk M Verheul
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James W Mier
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA
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243
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Hjelmeland A, Zhang J. Metabolic, autophagic, and mitophagic activities in cancer initiation and progression. Biomed J 2016; 39:98-106. [PMID: 27372165 PMCID: PMC5514543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease marked by uncontrolled cell growth and invasion. These processes are driven by the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations that promote cancer initiation and progression. Contributing to genome changes are the regulation of oxidative stress and reactive species-induced damage to molecules and organelles. Redox regulation, metabolic plasticity, autophagy, and mitophagy play important and interactive roles in cancer hallmarks including sustained proliferation, activated invasion, and replicative immortality. However, the impact of these processes can differ depending on the signaling pathways altered in cancer, tumor type, tumor stage, and/or the differentiation state. Here, we highlight some of the representative studies on the impact of oxidative and nitrosative activities, mitochondrial bioenergetics, metabolism, and autophagy and mitophagy in the context of tumorigenesis. We discuss the implications of these processes for cellular activities in cancer for anti-cancer-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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244
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Abstract
Awareness that the metabolic phenotype of cells within tumours is heterogeneous - and distinct from that of their normal counterparts - is growing. In general, tumour cells metabolize glucose, lactate, pyruvate, hydroxybutyrate, acetate, glutamine, and fatty acids at much higher rates than their nontumour equivalents; however, the metabolic ecology of tumours is complex because they contain multiple metabolic compartments, which are linked by the transfer of these catabolites. This metabolic variability and flexibility enables tumour cells to generate ATP as an energy source, while maintaining the reduction-oxidation (redox) balance and committing resources to biosynthesis - processes that are essential for cell survival, growth, and proliferation. Importantly, experimental evidence indicates that metabolic coupling between cell populations with different, complementary metabolic profiles can induce cancer progression. Thus, targeting the metabolic differences between tumour and normal cells holds promise as a novel anticancer strategy. In this Review, we discuss how cancer cells reprogramme their metabolism and that of other cells within the tumour microenvironment in order to survive and propagate, thus driving disease progression; in particular, we highlight potential metabolic vulnerabilities that might be targeted therapeutically.
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245
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Liu K, Li F, Han H, Chen Y, Mao Z, Luo J, Zhao Y, Zheng B, Gu W, Zhao W. Parkin Regulates the Activity of Pyruvate Kinase M2. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:10307-17. [PMID: 26975375 PMCID: PMC4858978 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.703066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkin, a ubiquitin E3 ligase, is mutated in most cases of autosomal recessive early onset Parkinson disease. It was discovered that Parkin is also mutated in glioblastoma and other human malignancies and that it inhibits tumor cell growth. Here, we identified pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) as a unique substrate for parkin through biochemical purification. We found that parkin interacts with PKM2 both in vitro and in vivo, and this interaction dramatically increases during glucose starvation. Ubiquitylation of PKM2 by parkin does not affect its stability but decreases its enzymatic activity. Parkin regulates the glycolysis pathway and affects the cell metabolism. Our studies revealed the novel important roles of parkin in tumor cell metabolism and provided new insight for therapy of Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fanzhou Li
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Haichao Han
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Ben May Department of Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Zebin Mao
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianyuan Luo
- Department of Genetics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yingming Zhao
- Ben May Department of Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Bin Zheng
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, and
| | - Wei Gu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing 100191, China,
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246
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Abstract
Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled growth. Metabolic demands to sustain rapid proliferation must be compelling since aerobic glycolysis is the first as well as the most commonly shared characteristic of cancer. During the last decade, the significance of metabolic reprogramming of cancer has been at the center of attention. Nonetheless, despite all the knowledge gained on cancer biology, the field is not able to reach agreement on the issue of mitochondria: Are damaged mitochondria the cause for aerobic glycolysis in cancer? Warburg proposed the damaged mitochondria theory over 80 years ago; the field has been testing the theory equally long. In this review, we will discuss alterations in metabolic fluxes of cancer cells, and provide an opinion on the damaged mitochondria theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aekyong Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongbuk, Korea
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247
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Identification of a small molecule inhibitor of 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase to target serine biosynthesis in cancers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:1778-83. [PMID: 26831078 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1521548113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to promote growth and proliferation. The genetic evidence pointing to the importance of the amino acid serine in tumorigenesis is striking. The gene encoding the enzyme 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), which catalyzes the first committed step of serine biosynthesis, is overexpressed in tumors and cancer cell lines via focal amplification and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-mediated up-regulation. PHGDH-overexpressing cells are exquisitely sensitive to genetic ablation of the pathway. Here, we report the discovery of a selective small molecule inhibitor of PHGDH, CBR-5884, identified by screening a library of 800,000 drug-like compounds. CBR-5884 inhibited de novo serine synthesis in cancer cells and was selectively toxic to cancer cell lines with high serine biosynthetic activity. Biochemical characterization of the inhibitor revealed that it was a noncompetitive inhibitor that showed a time-dependent onset of inhibition and disrupted the oligomerization state of PHGDH. The identification of a small molecule inhibitor of PHGDH not only enables thorough preclinical evaluation of PHGDH as a target in cancers, but also provides a tool with which to study serine metabolism.
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248
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Lv J, Wang J, Chang S, Liu M, Pang X. The greedy nature of mutant RAS: a boon for drug discovery targeting cancer metabolism? Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2016; 48:17-26. [PMID: 26487443 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RAS oncogene mutations are frequently detected in human cancers. Among RAS-mediated tumorigenesis, KRAS-driven cancers are the most frequently diagnosed and resistant to current therapies. Despite more than three decades of intensive efforts, there are still no specific therapies for mutant RAS proteins. While trying to block those well-established downstream pathways, such as the RAF-MAPK pathway and the PI3K-AKT pathway, attentions have been paid to potential effects of RAS on metabolic pathways and the feasibility for targeting these pathways. Recent studies have proved that RAS not only promotes aerobic glycolysis and glutamine metabolism reprograming to provide energy, but it also facilitates branched metabolism pathways, autophagy, and macropinocytosis. These alterations generate building blocks for tumor growth and strengthen antioxidant defense in tumor cells. All of these metabolic changes meet different demands of RAS-driven cancers, making them distinct from normal cells. Indeed, some achievements have been made to inhibit tumor growth through targeting specific metabolism rewiring in preclinical models. Although there is still a long way to elucidate the landscape of altered metabolism, we believe that specific metabolic enzymes or pathways could be therapeutically targeted for selective inhibition of RAS-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lv
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jieqiong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Siyu Chang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiufeng Pang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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249
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Abstract
One of the prerequisites for cell growth and proliferation is the synthesis of macromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. Cells have to alter their metabolism to allow the production of metabolic intermediates that are the precursors for biomass production. It is now evident that oncogenic signalling pathways target metabolic processes on several levels and metabolic reprogramming has emerged as a hallmark of cancer. The increased metabolic demand of cancer cells also produces selective dependencies that could be targeted for therapeutic intervention. Understanding the role of glucose and lipid metabolism in supporting cancer cell growth and survival is crucial to identify essential processes that could provide therapeutic windows for cancer therapy.
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250
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Li Z, Zhang H. Reprogramming of glucose, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism for cancer progression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:377-92. [PMID: 26499846 PMCID: PMC11108301 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2070-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 452] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is widely observed during cancer development to confer cancer cells the ability to survive and proliferate, even under the stressed, such as nutrient-limiting, conditions. It is famously known that cancer cells favor the "Warburg effect", i.e., the enhanced glycolysis or aerobic glycolysis, even when the ambient oxygen supply is sufficient. In addition, deregulated anabolism/catabolism of fatty acids and amino acids, especially glutamine, serine and glycine, have been identified to function as metabolic regulators in supporting cancer cell growth. Furthermore, extensive crosstalks are being revealed between the deregulated metabolic network and cancer cell signaling. These exciting advancements have inspired new strategies for treating various malignancies by targeting cancer metabolism. Here we review recent findings related to the regulation of glucose, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, their crosstalk, and relevant cancer therapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyong Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
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