201
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Lyu D, Chen S, Guo W. Liposome Crosslinked Polyacrylamide/DNA Hydrogel: a Smart Controlled-Release System for Small Molecular Payloads. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1704039. [PMID: 29479856 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201704039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel stimuli-responsive hydrogel system with liposomes serving as both noncovalent crosslinkers and functional small molecules carriers for controlled-release is developed. Liposomes can crosslink polyacrylamide copolymers functionalized with cholesterol-modified DNA motifs to yield a DNA hydrogel system, due to the hydrophobic interaction between cholesteryl groups and the lipid bilayer of liposomes. Functional information encoded DNA motifs on the polymer backbones endow the hydrogel with programmable smart responsive properties. In a model system, the hydrogel exhibits stimuli-responsive gel-to-sol transformation triggered by the opening of DNA motifs upon the presence of a restriction endonuclease enzyme, EcoR I, or temperature change, realizing the controlled-release of liposomes which are highly efficient carriers of active small molecules payloads. Two active molecules, 1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindodicarbocyanine perchlorate (DiIC18(5)) and calcein, are chosen as the hydrophobic and hydrophilic model payloads, respectively, to address the feasibility of the releasing strategy. Moreover, the hydrogel exhibits injectable property as well as self-recovery behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danya Lyu
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Guo
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China
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202
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Nikonov OS, Chernykh ES, Garber MB, Nikonova EY. Enteroviruses: Classification, Diseases They Cause, and Approaches to Development of Antiviral Drugs. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018. [PMID: 29523062 PMCID: PMC7087576 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917130041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The genus Enterovirus combines a portion of small (+)ssRNA-containing viruses and is divided into 10 species of true enteroviruses and three species of rhinoviruses. These viruses are causative agents of the widest spectrum of severe and deadly epidemic diseases of higher vertebrates, including humans. Their ubiquitous distribution and high pathogenici- ty motivate active search to counteract enterovirus infections. There are no sufficiently effective drugs targeted against enteroviral diseases, thus treatment is reduced to supportive and symptomatic measures. This makes it extremely urgent to develop drugs that directly affect enteroviruses and hinder their development and spread in infected organisms. In this review, we cover the classification of enteroviruses, mention the most common enterovirus infections and their clinical man- ifestations, and consider the current state of development of anti-enteroviral drugs. One of the most promising targets for such antiviral drugs is the viral Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES). The classification of these elements of the viral mRNA translation system is also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- O S Nikonov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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203
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Perrier S, Guieu V, Chovelon B, Ravelet C, Peyrin E. Panoply of Fluorescence Polarization/Anisotropy Signaling Mechanisms for Functional Nucleic Acid-Based Sensing Platforms. Anal Chem 2018. [PMID: 29513518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence polarization/anisotropy is a very popular technique that is widely used in homogeneous-phase immunoassays for the small molecule quantification. In the present Feature, we discuss how the potential of this signaling approach considerably expanded during the last 2 decades through the implementation of a myriad of original transducing strategies that use functional nucleic acid recognition elements as a promising alternative to antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Perrier
- University Grenoble Alpes , DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble , France.,CNRS , DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble , France
| | - Valérie Guieu
- University Grenoble Alpes , DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble , France.,CNRS , DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble , France
| | - Benoit Chovelon
- University Grenoble Alpes , DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble , France.,CNRS , DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble , France.,Département de Biochimie, Toxicologie et Pharmacologie , CHU de Grenoble Site Nord-Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie , F-38041 Grenoble , France
| | - Corinne Ravelet
- University Grenoble Alpes , DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble , France.,CNRS , DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble , France
| | - Eric Peyrin
- University Grenoble Alpes , DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble , France.,CNRS , DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble , France
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204
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Cepeda-Plaza M, McGhee CE, Lu Y. Evidence of a General Acid-Base Catalysis Mechanism in the 8-17 DNAzyme. Biochemistry 2018; 57:1517-1522. [PMID: 29389111 PMCID: PMC5879137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b01096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
DNAzymes are catalytic DNA molecules that can perform a variety of reactions. Although advances have been made in obtaining DNAzymes via in vitro selection and many of them have been developed into sensors and imaging agents for metal ions, bacteria, and other molecules, the structural features responsible for these enzymatic reactions are still not well understood. Previous studies of the 8-17 DNAzyme have suggested conserved guanines close to the phosphodiester transfer site may play a role in the catalytic reaction. To identify the specific guanine and functional group of the guanine responsible for the reaction, we herein report the effects of replacing G1.1 and G14 (G; p Ka,N1 = 9.4) with analogues with a different p Ka at the N1 position, such as inosine (G14I; p Ka,N1 = 8.7), 2,6-diaminopurine (G14diAP; p Ka,N1 = 5.6), and 2-aminopurine (G14AP; p Ka,N1 = 3.8) on pH-dependent reaction rates. A comparison of the pH dependence of the reaction rates of these DNAzymes demonstrated that G14 in the bulge loop next to the cleavage site, is involved in proton transfer at the catalytic site. In contrast, we did not find any evidence of G1.1 being involved in acid-base catalysis. These results support general acid-base catalysis as a feasible strategy used in DNA catalysis, as in RNA and protein enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Cepeda-Plaza
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Exact Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, República 275, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claire E. McGhee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801
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205
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Probing the interaction of copper cofactor and azachalcone substrate with G-quadruplex of DNA based Diels-Alderase by site-specific fluorescence quenching titration. Biochimie 2018; 146:20-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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206
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Zeninskaya NA, Kolesnikov AV, Ryabko AK, Shemyakin IG, Dyatlov IA, Kozyr AV. [Aptamers in the Treatment of Bacterial Infections: Problems and Prospects]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 71:350-8. [PMID: 29297663 DOI: 10.15690/vramn591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers are short single-stranded oligonucleotides which are selected via targeted chemical evolution in vitro to bind a molecular target of interest. The aptamer selection technology is designated as SELEX (Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment). SELEX enables isolation of oligonucleotide aptamers binding a wide range of targets of interest with little respect for their nature and molecular weight. A number of applications of aptamer selection were developed ranging from biosensor technologies to antitumor drug discovery. First aptamer-based pharmaceutical (Macugen) was approved by FDA for clinical use in 2004, and since then more than ten aptamer-based drugs undergo various phases of clinical trials. From the medicinal chemist’s point of view, aptamers represent a new class of molecules suitable for the development of new therapeutics. Due to the stability, relative synthesis simplicity, and development of advanced strategies of target specific molecular selection, aptamers attract increased attention of drug discovery community. Difficulties of the development of next-generation antibiotics basing on the conventional basis of combinatorial chemistry and high-throughput screening have also amplified the interest to aptamer-based therapeutic candidates. The present article reviews the investigations focused on the development of antibacterial aptamers and discusses the potential and current limitations of the use of this type of therapeutic molecules.
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207
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Meng R, Liu Q, Jin Y, Li B. Dual-Hemin-Labelled Catalytic Molecular Beacon: A Monomer-Dimer Switching Probe for Sensitive Chemiluminescence Detection of Biomolecules. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Meng
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Yan Jin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Baoxin Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 China
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208
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Li Z, Zhu J, He J. Conformational studies of 10-23 DNAzyme in solution through pyrenyl-labeled 2'-deoxyadenosine derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:9846-9858. [PMID: 27714317 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01702a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
10-23 DNAzyme is a small catalytic DNA molecule. Studies on its conformation in solution are critical for understanding its catalytic mechanism and functional optimization. Based on our previous research, two fluorescent nucleoside analogues 1 and 2 were designed for the introduction of a pyrenyl group at one of the five dA residues in the catalytic core and the unpaired adenosine residue in its full-DNA substrate, respectively. Ten pyrenyl-pyrenyl pairs are formed in the DNAzyme-substrate complexes in solution for sensing the spacial positions of the five dA residues relative to the cleavage site using fluorescence spectra. The position-dependent quenching effect of pyrene emission fluorescence by nucleobases, especially the pyrenyl-pyrenyl interaction, was observed for some positions. The adenine residues in the 3'-part of the catalytic loop seem to be closer to the cleavage site than the adenine residues in the 5'-part, which is consistent with the molecular dynamics simulation result. The catalytic activities and Tm changes also confirmed the effect of the pyrenyl-nucleobase and pyrenyl-pyrenyl pair interactions. Together with functional group mutations, catalytically relevant nucleobases will be identified for understanding the catalytic mechanism of 10-23 DNAzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Li
- College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Junfei Zhu
- College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Junlin He
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
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209
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Liu M, Yin Q, McConnell EM, Chang Y, Brennan JD, Li Y. DNAzyme Feedback Amplification: Relaying Molecular Recognition to Exponential DNA Amplification. Chemistry 2018; 24:4473-4479. [PMID: 29240289 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Technologies capable of linking DNA amplification to molecular recognition are very desirable for ultrasensitive biosensing applications. We have developed a simple but powerful isothermal DNA amplification method, termed DNAzyme feedback amplification (DFA), that is capable of relaying molecular recognition to exponential DNA amplification. The method incorporates both an RNA-cleaving DNAzyme (RCD) and rolling circle amplification (RCA) carried out by a special DNA polymerase using a circular DNA template. DFA begins with a stimulus-dependent RCA reaction, producing tandemly linked RCDs in long-chain DNA products. These RCDs cleave an RNA-containing DNA sequence to form additional primers that hybridize to the circular DNA molecule, giving rise to DNA assemblies that act as the new inputs for RCA. The RCA reaction and the cleavage event keep on feeding each other autonomously, resulting in exponential growth of repetitive DNA sequences that can be easily detected. This method can be used for the detection of both nucleic acid based targets and non-nucleic acid analytes. In this article, we discuss the conceptual framework of the feedback amplification approach, the essential features of this method as well as remaining challenges and possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Qingxin Yin
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Erin M McConnell
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Yangyang Chang
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - John D Brennan
- Biointerfaces Institute, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Yingfu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada.,Biointerfaces Institute, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
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210
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Biniuri Y, Albada B, Wolff M, Golub E, Gelman D, Willner I. Cu2+ or Fe3+ Terpyridine/Aptamer Conjugates: Nucleoapzymes Catalyzing the Oxidation of Dopamine to Aminochrome. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Biniuri
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Bauke Albada
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariusz Wolff
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Eyal Golub
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Dmitri Gelman
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Itamar Willner
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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211
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Flanagan ML, Arguello AE, Colman DE, Kim J, Krejci JN, Liu S, Yao Y, Zhang Y, Gorin DJ. A DNA-conjugated small molecule catalyst enzyme mimic for site-selective ester hydrolysis. Chem Sci 2018; 9:2105-2112. [PMID: 29732115 PMCID: PMC5911826 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04554a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The challenge of site-selectivity must be overcome in many chemical research contexts, including selective functionalization in complex natural products and labeling of one biomolecule in a living system. Synthetic catalysts incorporating molecular recognition domains can mimic naturally-occurring enzymes to direct a chemical reaction to a particular instance of a functional group. We propose that DNA-conjugated small molecule catalysts (DCats), prepared by tethering a small molecule catalyst to a DNA aptamer, are a promising class of reagents for site-selective transformations. Specifically, a DNA-imidazole conjugate able to increase the rate of ester hydrolysis in a target ester by >100-fold compared with equimolar untethered imidazole was developed. Other esters are unaffected. Furthermore, DCat-catalyzed hydrolysis follows enzyme-like kinetics and a stimuli-responsive variant of the DCat enables programmable "turn on" of the desired reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moira L Flanagan
- Smith College , Department of Chemistry , Northampton , MA 01063 , USA .
| | - A Emilia Arguello
- Smith College , Department of Chemistry , Northampton , MA 01063 , USA .
| | - Drew E Colman
- Smith College , Department of Chemistry , Northampton , MA 01063 , USA .
| | - Jiyeon Kim
- Smith College , Department of Chemistry , Northampton , MA 01063 , USA .
| | - Jesse N Krejci
- Smith College , Department of Chemistry , Northampton , MA 01063 , USA .
| | - Shimu Liu
- Smith College , Department of Chemistry , Northampton , MA 01063 , USA .
| | - Yueyu Yao
- Smith College , Department of Chemistry , Northampton , MA 01063 , USA .
| | - Yu Zhang
- Smith College , Department of Chemistry , Northampton , MA 01063 , USA .
| | - David J Gorin
- Smith College , Department of Chemistry , Northampton , MA 01063 , USA .
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212
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Li M, Zhang L, Chen G, Zhou J, Yuan Y, Zou J, Yuan M, Chen R, Du F, Cui X, Huang X, Dong J, Tang Z. DNAzyme based visual detection of DNA methylation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1710-1713. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08427g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The colorimetric detection of DNA methylation has been achieved with high specificity and sensitivity by using DNAzyme as a signal reporter.
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213
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Thai HBD, Levi-Acobas F, Yum SY, Jang G, Hollenstein M, Ahn DR. Tetrahedral DNAzymes for enhanced intracellular gene-silencing activity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9410-9413. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05721d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We prepared tetrahedral DNAzymes (TDzs) to overcome potential limitations such as insufficient serum stability and poor cellular uptake of single-stranded DNAzymes (ssDzs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Bao Dieu Thai
- Center for Theragnosis
- Biomedical Research Institute
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 02792
- Korea
| | - Fabienne Levi-Acobas
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids
- Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry
- Institut Pasteur
- CNRS UMR3523
- 75724 Paris Cedex 15
| | - Soo-Young Yum
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research
- Seoul National University
- Gwanak-gu
- Korea
| | - Goo Jang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research
- Seoul National University
- Gwanak-gu
- Korea
| | - Marcel Hollenstein
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids
- Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry
- Institut Pasteur
- CNRS UMR3523
- 75724 Paris Cedex 15
| | - Dae-Ro Ahn
- Center for Theragnosis
- Biomedical Research Institute
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 02792
- Korea
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214
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Zhang Z, Morishita K, Lin WTD, Huang PJJ, Liu J. Nucleotide coordination with 14 lanthanides studied by isothermal titration calorimetry. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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215
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Abstract
Nucleic acid enzymes require metal ions for activity, and many recently discovered enzymes can use multiple metals, either binding to the scissile phosphate or also playing an allosteric role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhu Zhou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Central South University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Water Institute, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- Canada
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216
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Tang W, Cheng M, Dai D, Xiong Z, Liu F. Rational design of sequestered DNAzyme beacons to enable flexible control of catalytic activities. RSC Adv 2018; 8:29338-29343. [PMID: 35548005 PMCID: PMC9084462 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05757e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
DNAzymes as functional units play increasingly important roles for DNA nanotechnology, and fine control of the catalytic activities of DNAzymes is a crucial element in the design and construction of functional and dynamic devices. So far, attempts to control cleavage kinetics can be mainly achieved through varying the concentrations of the specific metal ions. Here we present a facile sequestered DNAzyme beacon strategy based on precisely blocking the catalytic core of the DNAzyme, which can flexibly regulate the DNAzyme cleavage kinetics without changing the concentrations of metal ions. This strategy can be extended to couple with a large number of other RNA-cleaving DNAzymes and was successfully applied in designing a dual stem-loop structure probe for arbitrary sequence biosensing, which provides the possibility of scaling up versatile and dynamic DNA devices that use DNAzymes as functional modules. We present a sequestered DNAzyme beacon strategy based on precisely blocking the catalytic core for flexible regulation of DNAzyme kinetics.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- Institute of Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Mengxi Cheng
- Institute of Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Danling Dai
- Institute of Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Zhonghua Xiong
- Institute of Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Feng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
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217
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Inability of DNAzymes to cleave RNA in vivo is due to limited Mg[Formula: see text] concentration in cells. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2017; 47:333-343. [PMID: 29248953 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-017-1270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sequence specific cleavage of RNA can be achieved by hammerhead ribozymes as well as DNAzymes. They comprise a catalytic core sequence flanked by regions that form double strands with complementary RNA. While different types of ribozymes have been discovered in natural organisms, DNAzymes derive from in vitro selection. Both have been used for therapeutic down-regulation of harmful proteins by reducing drastically the corresponding mRNA concentration. A priori DNAzymes appear advantageous because of the higher haemolytic stability and better cost effectiveness when compared to RNA. In the present work the 10-23 DNAzyme was applied to knockdown expression of the prion protein (PrP), the sole causative agent of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. We selected accessible target sequences on the PrP mRNA based on a sequential folding algorithm. Very high effectivity of DNAzymes was found for cleavage of RNA in vitro, but activity in neuroblastoma cells was very low. However, siRNA directed to the identical target sequences reduced expression of PrP in the same cell type. According to our analysis, three Mg[Formula: see text] bind cooperatively to the DNAzyme to exert full activity. However, free ATP binds the Mg[Formula: see text] ions more strongly and already stoichiometric amounts of Mg[Formula: see text] and ATP inhibited the activity of DNAzymes drastically. In contrast, natural ribozymes form three-dimensional structures close to the cleavage site that stabilize the active conformation at much lower Mg[Formula: see text] concentrations. For DNAzymes, however, a similar stabilization is not known and therefore DNAzymes need higher free Mg[Formula: see text] concentrations than that available inside the cell.
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218
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Dhamodharan V, Kobori S, Yokobayashi Y. Large Scale Mutational and Kinetic Analysis of a Self-Hydrolyzing Deoxyribozyme. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:2940-2945. [PMID: 29058875 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Deoxyribozymes are catalytic DNA sequences whose atomic structures are generally difficult to elucidate. Mutational analysis remains a principal approach for understanding and engineering deoxyribozymes with diverse catalytic activities. However, laborious preparation and biochemical characterization of individual sequences severely limit the number of mutants that can be studied biochemically. Here, we applied deep sequencing to directly measure the activities of self-hydrolyzing deoxyribozyme sequences in high throughput. First, all single and double mutants within the 15-base catalytic core of the deoxyribozyme I-R3 were assayed to unambiguously determine the tolerated and untolerated mutations at each position. Subsequently, 4096 deoxyribozyme variants with tolerated base substitutions at seven positions were kinetically assayed in parallel. We identified 533 active mutants whose first-order rate constants and activation energies were determined. The results indicate an isolated and narrow peak in the deoxyribozyme sequence space and provide a quantitative view of the effects of multiple mutations on the deoxyribozyme activity for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Dhamodharan
- Nucleic Acid Chemistry and
Engineering Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 9040495, Japan
| | - Shungo Kobori
- Nucleic Acid Chemistry and
Engineering Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 9040495, Japan
| | - Yohei Yokobayashi
- Nucleic Acid Chemistry and
Engineering Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 9040495, Japan
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219
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Peng H, Newbigging AM, Wang Z, Tao J, Deng W, Le XC, Zhang H. DNAzyme-Mediated Assays for Amplified Detection of Nucleic Acids and Proteins. Anal Chem 2017; 90:190-207. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanyong Peng
- Division of Analytical and Environmental
Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty
of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 10-102 Clinical
Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Ashley M. Newbigging
- Division of Analytical and Environmental
Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty
of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 10-102 Clinical
Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Zhixin Wang
- Division of Analytical and Environmental
Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty
of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 10-102 Clinical
Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Tao
- Division of Analytical and Environmental
Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty
of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 10-102 Clinical
Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Wenchan Deng
- Division of Analytical and Environmental
Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty
of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 10-102 Clinical
Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - X. Chris Le
- Division of Analytical and Environmental
Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty
of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 10-102 Clinical
Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Division of Analytical and Environmental
Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty
of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 10-102 Clinical
Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
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220
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Krasheninina OA, Novopashina DS, Apartsin EK, Venyaminova AG. Recent Advances in Nucleic Acid Targeting Probes and Supramolecular Constructs Based on Pyrene-Modified Oligonucleotides. Molecules 2017; 22:E2108. [PMID: 29189716 PMCID: PMC6150046 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the use of pyrene-modified oligonucleotides as a platform for functional nucleic acid-based constructs. Pyrene is of special interest for the development of nucleic acid-based tools due to its unique fluorescent properties (sensitivity of fluorescence to the microenvironment, ability to form excimers and exciplexes, long fluorescence lifetime, high quantum yield), ability to intercalate into the nucleic acid duplex, to act as a π-π-stacking (including anchoring) moiety, and others. These properties of pyrene have been used to construct novel sensitive fluorescent probes for the sequence-specific detection of nucleic acids and the discrimination of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), aptamer-based biosensors, agents for binding of double-stranded DNAs, and building blocks for supramolecular complexes. Special attention is paid to the influence of the design of pyrene-modified oligonucleotides on their properties, i.e., the structure-function relationships. The perspectives for the applications of pyrene-modified oligonucleotides in biomolecular studies, diagnostics, and nanotechnology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Krasheninina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Darya S Novopashina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Evgeny K Apartsin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Alya G Venyaminova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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221
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Röthlisberger P, Gasse C, Hollenstein M. Nucleic Acid Aptamers: Emerging Applications in Medical Imaging, Nanotechnology, Neurosciences, and Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2430. [PMID: 29144411 PMCID: PMC5713398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progresses in organic chemistry and molecular biology have allowed the emergence of numerous new applications of nucleic acids that markedly deviate from their natural functions. Particularly, DNA and RNA molecules-coined aptamers-can be brought to bind to specific targets with high affinity and selectivity. While aptamers are mainly applied as biosensors, diagnostic agents, tools in proteomics and biotechnology, and as targeted therapeutics, these chemical antibodies slowly begin to be used in other fields. Herein, we review recent progress on the use of aptamers in the construction of smart DNA origami objects and MRI and PET imaging agents. We also describe advances in the use of aptamers in the field of neurosciences (with a particular emphasis on the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases) and as drug delivery systems. Lastly, the use of chemical modifications, modified nucleoside triphosphate particularly, to enhance the binding and stability of aptamers is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Röthlisberger
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, CNRS UMR3523, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris CEDEX 15, France.
| | - Cécile Gasse
- Institute of Systems & Synthetic Biology, Xenome Team, 5 rue Henri Desbruères Genopole Campus 1, University of Evry, F-91030 Evry, France.
| | - Marcel Hollenstein
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, CNRS UMR3523, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris CEDEX 15, France.
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222
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Carrocci TJ, Lohe L, Ashton MJ, Höbartner C, Hoskins AA. Debranchase-resistant labeling of RNA using the 10DM24 deoxyribozyme and fluorescent modified nucleotides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:11992-11995. [PMID: 28984884 PMCID: PMC5668183 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc06703h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The 10DM24 deoxyribozyme can site-specifically label RNAs with fluorophore-GTP conjugates; however, the 2',5'-branched RNA linkage is readily cleaved by debranchase. To prevent loss of labels upon cleavage, we synthesized phosphorothioate-modified, fluorescent GTP derivatives and elaborated conditions for their incorporation by 10DM24. RNAs labeled with fluorescent derivatives of Sp-GTPS were found to be resistant to debranchase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tucker J Carrocci
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Lea Lohe
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matthew J Ashton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Claudia Höbartner
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany and Institute for Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Aaron A Hoskins
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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223
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Nakano SI, Watabe T, Sugimoto N. Modulation of Ribozyme and Deoxyribozyme Activities Using Tetraalkylammonium Ions. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:3614-3619. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-ichi Nakano
- Department of Nanobiochemistry; Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST); Konan University; 7-1-20, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku Kobe 650-0047 Japan
| | - Takaaki Watabe
- Department of Nanobiochemistry; Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST); Konan University; 7-1-20, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku Kobe 650-0047 Japan
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Konan University; 8-9-1, Okamoto, Higashinada-ku Kobe 658-8501 Japan
| | - Naoki Sugimoto
- Department of Nanobiochemistry; Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST); Konan University; 7-1-20, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku Kobe 650-0047 Japan
- Frontier Institute for Biomolecular Engineering Research (FIBER); Konan University; 7-1-20, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku Kobe 650-0047 Japan
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224
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Liu M, Chang D, Li Y. Discovery and Biosensing Applications of Diverse RNA-Cleaving DNAzymes. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:2273-2283. [PMID: 28805376 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
DNA-based enzymes, or DNAzymes, are not known to exist in Nature but can be isolated from random-sequence DNA pools using test tube selection techniques. Since the report of the first DNAzyme in 1994, many catalytic DNA molecules for catalyzing wide-ranging chemical transformations have been isolated and studied. Our laboratory has a keen interest in searching for diverse DNAzymes capable of cleaving RNA-containing substrates, determining their sequence requirements and structural properties, and examining their potential as biosensors. This Account begins with the description of an accidental discovery on the sequence adaptability of a small DNAzyme known as "8-17", when we performed 16 parallel selections to search for DNAzymes that targeted each and every possible dinucleotide junction of RNA for cleavage. DNAzyme 8-17 dominated all the selection pools targeting purine-containing junctions. In-depth sequence analysis revealed that 8-17 could manifest itself in many sequence options defined by the requirement of four absolutely conserved nucleotides. This study also exposed the fact that 8-17 had poor activity toward pyrimidine-pyrimidine junctions. With this information in hand, we proceeded to the discovery of diverse non-8-17 DNAzymes that exhibited robust catalytic activity under physiological conditions. These DNAzymes were found to universally interact with their substrates through two Watson-Crick binding arms and have a catalytic core of varying length and secondary-structure complexity. RNA-cleaving DNAzymes were also isolated to function at acidic conditions (pH 3-5), and these molecules exhibited intriguing pH profiles, with the highest activity precisely matching the pH used for their selection. Interestingly, these DNAzymes appear to use non-Watson-Crick interactions in defining their structures. More recently, we have embarked on the development of ligand-responsive RNA-cleaving fluorogenic DNAzymes that can recognize specific bacterial pathogens, such as Escherichia coli and Clostridium difficile, using a method that does not require a priori identification of a specific biomarker. Instead, the crude extracellular mixture as a whole is used as the target to drive the DNAzyme isolation. High recognition specificity can be achieved with a double-selection approach in which a DNA library is negatively selected against the cellular mixture prepared from unintended bacteria, followed by positive selection against the same mixture derived from a specific species or strain of bacterial pathogen. Finally, we have shown that DNAzymes' compatibility with DNA replication can benefit the design of amplification mechanisms that uniquely link the action of RNA-cleaving DNAzymes to rolling circle amplification, an isothermal DNA amplification technique. These methods are well suited for translating the target-binding and cleavage activity of an analyte-activated RNA-cleaving DNAzyme into the production of massive amounts of DNA amplicons to achieve ultrahigh detection sensitivity. Given the high chemical stability of DNA, our ability to discover catalytic DNA sequences by simultaneously evaluating as many as 1016 different DNA sequences, the accessibility to diverse RNA-cleaving DNAzymes in a single DNA pool, and the availability of methods for designing simple biosensors that incorporate RNA-cleaving DNAzymes, we believe we are moving closer to employing RNA-cleaving DNAzymes for exciting applications, such as point of care diagnostics or field detection of environmental toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Michael G. DeGroote Institute
of Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main
Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
- Biointerfaces
Institute, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- School
of Environmental Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial
Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Dingran Chang
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Michael G. DeGroote Institute
of Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main
Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Yingfu Li
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Michael G. DeGroote Institute
of Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main
Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main
Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
- Biointerfaces
Institute, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
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225
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Functional nucleic acids as in vivo metabolite and ion biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 94:94-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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226
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Liu Q, Wang H, Shi X, Wang ZG, Ding B. Self-Assembled DNA/Peptide-Based Nanoparticle Exhibiting Synergistic Enzymatic Activity. ACS NANO 2017; 11:7251-7258. [PMID: 28657711 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b03195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Designing enzyme-mimicking active sites in artificial systems is key to achieving catalytic efficiencies rivaling those of natural enzymes and can provide valuable insight in the understanding of the natural evolution of enzymes. Here, we report the design of a catalytic hemin-containing nanoparticle with self-assembled guanine-rich nucleic acid/histidine-rich peptide components that mimics the active site and peroxidative activity of hemoproteins. The chemical complementarities between the folded nucleic acid and peptide enable the spatial arrangement of essential elements in the active site and effective activation of hemin. As a result, remarkable synergistic effects of nucleic acid and peptide on the catalytic performances were observed. The turnover number of peroxide reached the order of that of natural peroxidase, and the catalytic efficiency is comparable to that of myoglobin. These results have implications in the precise design of supramolecular enzyme mimetics, particularly those with hierarchical active sites. The assemblies we describe here may also resemble an intermediate in the evolution of contemporary enzymes from the catalytic RNA of primitive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchial Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchial Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xinghua Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchial Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Gang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchial Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Baoquan Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchial Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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227
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Folding of the silver aptamer in a DNAzyme probed by 2-aminopurine fluorescence. Biochimie 2017; 145:145-150. [PMID: 28711684 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The RNA-cleaving Ag10c DNAzyme was recently isolated via in vitro selection and it can bind two Ag+ ions for activity. The Ag10c contains a well-defined Ag+ binding aptamer as indicated by DMS footprinting. Since aptamer binding is often accompanied with conformational changes, we herein used 2-aminopurine (2AP) to probe its folding in the presence of Ag+. The Ag10c was respectively labeled with 2AP at three different positions, both in the substrate strand and in the enzyme strand, one at a time. Ag+-induced folding was observed at the substrate cleavage junction and the A9 position of the enzyme strand, consistent with aptamer binding. The measured Kd at the A9 position was 18 μM Ag+ with a Hill coefficient of 2.17, similar to those obtained from the previous cleavage activity based assays. However, labeling a 2AP at the A2 position inhibited the activity and folding. Compared to other metal ions, Ag+ has a unique sigmoidal folding profile indicative of multiple silver binding cooperatively. This suggests that Ag+ can induce a local folding in the enzyme loop and this folding is important for activity. This study provides important biophysical insights into this new DNAzyme, suggesting the possibility of designing folding-based biosensors for Ag+.
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228
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Smith AL, Kolpashchikov DM. Divide and Control: Comparison of Split and Switch Hybridization Sensors. ChemistrySelect 2017; 2:5427-5431. [PMID: 29372178 PMCID: PMC5777618 DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hybridization probes have been intensively used for nucleic acid analysis in medicine, forensics and fundamental research. Instantaneous hybridization probes (IHPs) enable signalling immediately after binding to a targeted DNA or RNA sequences without the need to isolate the probe-target complex (e. g. by gel electrophoresis). The two most common strategies for IHP design are conformational switches and split approach. A conformational switch changes its conformation and produces signal upon hybridization to a target. Split approach uses two (or more) strands that independently or semi independently bind the target and produce an output signal only if all components associate. Here, we compared the performance of split vs switch designs for deoxyribozyme (Dz) hybridization probes under optimal conditions for each of them. The split design was represented by binary Dz (BiDz) probes; while catalytic molecular beacon (CMB) probes represented the switch design. It was found that BiDz were significantly more selective than CMBs in recognition of single base substitution. CMBs produced high background signal when operated at 55°C. An important advantage of BiDz over CMB is more straightforward design and simplicity of assay optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Smith
- Chemistry Department, University of Central Florida, 4000 N. Central Florida Ave, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - Dmitry M Kolpashchikov
- Chemistry Department, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, 4000 N. Central Florida Ave, Orlando, FL 32826
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229
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Li X, Zhang H, Tang Y, Wu P, Xu S, Zhang X. A Both-End Blocked Peroxidase-Mimicking DNAzyme for Low-Background Chemiluminescent Sensing of miRNA. ACS Sens 2017; 2:810-816. [PMID: 28723123 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
G-quadruplex DNAzymes that exhibited peroxidase-like activity have been shown to be appealing reporters for amplified readout of biosensing events simply by their formation or dissociation in the presence of analytes. For low background signaling, the efficient preblock of DNAzymes is critically important. Herein, we report a both-end blocked DNAzyme beacon strategy for chemiluminescent biosensing. The catalytic activity of peroxidase-mimicking DNAzyme can be inactivated fully by fixing both ends of the DNAzyme sequence, and easily recovered via a strand displace reaction between the miRNA and the block DNA. The efficient block and recovery of DNAzymes provide the both-end blocked beacon the highest signal-to-background ratio (over 25) among the reported DNAzymes for amplification-free detection of miRNA. As a result, the beacon allowed detection of subpicomolar miRNA without any labeling and amplification procedures, which is about 40-fold more sensitive than the traditional hairpin fluorescence beacon. Also, it exhibited excellent discrimination ability that can distinguish single-base mismatch miRNA. The simplicity, high sensitivity, and selectivity provided by the beacon make it a promising alternative tool for nucleic acid detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianming Li
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Houchun Zhang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Yurong Tang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Shuxia Xu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Xinfeng Zhang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
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230
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Relations between the loop transposition of DNA G-quadruplex and the catalytic function of DNAzyme. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1913-1920. [PMID: 28533132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The structures of DNA G-quadruplexes are essential for their functions in vivo and in vitro. Our present study revealed that sequential order of the three G-quadruplex loops, that is, loop transposition, could be a critical factor to determinate the G-quadruplex conformation and consequently improved the catalytic function of G-quadruplex based DNAzyme. In the presence of 100mM K+, loop transposition induced one of the G-quadruplex isomers which shared identical loops but differed in the sequential order of loops into a hybrid topology while the others into predominately parallel topologies. 1D NMR spectroscopy and mutation analysis suggested that the hydrogen bonding from loops residues with nucleotides in flanking sequences may be responsible for the stabilization of the different conformations. A well-known DNAzyme consisting of G-quadruplex and hemin (Ferriprotoporphyrin IX chloride) was chosen to test the catalytic function. We found that the loop transposition could enhance the reaction rate obviously by increasing the hemin binding affinity to G-quadruplex. These findings disclose the relations between the loop transposition, G-quadruplex conformation and catalytic function of DNAzyme.
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231
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A New Strategy for Silver Deposition on Au Nanoparticles with the Use of Peroxidase-Mimicking DNAzyme Monitored via a Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Technique. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17040849. [PMID: 28406432 PMCID: PMC5424726 DOI: 10.3390/s17040849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Peroxidase-mimicking DNAzyme was applied as a catalyst of silver deposition on gold nanoparticles. This DNAzyme is formed when hemin binds to the G-quadruplex-forming DNA sequence. Such a system is able to catalyze a redox reaction with a one- or two-electron transfer. The process of silver deposition was monitored via a localized surface plasmon resonance technique (LSPR), which allows one to record scattering spectrum of a single nanoparticle. Our study showed that DNAzyme is able to catalyze silver deposition. The AFM experiments proved that DNAzyme induced the deposition of silver shells of approximately 20 nm thickness on Au nanoparticles (AuNPs). Such an effect is not observed when hemin is absent in the system. However, we noticed non-specific binding of hemin to the capture oligonucleotides on a gold NP probe that also induced some silver deposition, even though the capture probe was unable to form G-quadruplex. Analysis of SEM images indicated that the surface morphology of the silver layer deposited by DNAzyme is different from that obtained for hemin alone. The proposed strategy of silver layer synthesis on gold nanoparticles catalyzed by DNAzyme is an innovative approach and can be applied in bioanalysis (LSPR, electrochemistry) as well as in material sciences.
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232
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Saran R, Kleinke K, Zhou W, Yu T, Liu J. A Silver-Specific DNAzyme with a New Silver Aptamer and Salt-Promoted Activity. Biochemistry 2017; 56:1955-1962. [PMID: 28345892 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Most RNA-cleaving DNAzymes require a metal ion to interact with the scissile phosphate for activity. Therefore, few unmodified DNAzymes work with thiophilic metals because of their low affinity for phosphate. Recently, an Ag+-specific Ag10c DNAzyme was reported via in vitro selection. Herein, Ag10c is characterized to rationalize the role of the strongly thiophilic Ag+. Systematic mutation studies indicate that Ag10c is a highly conserved DNAzyme and its Ag+ binding is unrelated to C-Ag+-C interaction. Its activity is enhanced by increasing Na+ concentrations in buffer. At the same metal concentration, activity decreases in the following order: Li+ > Na+ > K+. Ag10c binds one Na+ ion and two Ag+ ions for catalysis. The pH-rate profile has a slope of ∼1, indicating a single deprotonation step. Phosphorothioate substitution at the scissile phosphate suggests that Na+ interacts with the pro-Rp oxygen of the phosphate, and dimethyl sulfate footprinting indicates that the DNAzyme loop is a silver aptamer binding two Ag+ ions. Therefore, Ag+ exerts its function allosterically, while the scissile phosphate interacts with Na+, Li+, Na+, or Mg2+. This work suggests the possibility of isolating thiophilic metal aptamers based on DNAzyme selection, and it also demonstrates a new Ag+ aptamer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runjhun Saran
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Kimberly Kleinke
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Wenhu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Tianmeng Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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233
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Wang S, Liu C, Li G, Sheng Y, Sun Y, Rui H, Zhang J, Xu J, Jiang D. The Triple Roles of Glutathione for a DNA-Cleaving DNAzyme and Development of a Fluorescent Glutathione/Cu 2+-Dependent DNAzyme Sensor for Detection of Cu 2+ in Drinking Water. ACS Sens 2017; 2:364-370. [PMID: 28723208 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pistol-like DNAzyme (PLDz) is an oxidative DNA-cleaving catalytic DNA with ascorbic acid as cofactor. Herein, glutathione was induced into the reaction system to maintain reduced ascorbic acid levels for higher efficient cleavage. However, data indicated that glutathione played triple roles in PLDz-catalyzed reactions. Glutathione alone had no effect on PLDz, and showed inhibitory effect on ascorbic acid-induced PLDz catalysis, but exhibited stimulating effect on Cu2+-promoted self-cleavage of PLDz. Further analysis of the effect of glutathione/Cu2+ on PLDz indicated that H2O2 played a key role in PLDz catalysis. Finally, we developed a fluorescent Cu2+ sensor (PL-Cu 1.0) based on the relationship between glutathione/Cu2+ and catalytic activity of PLDz. The fluorescent intensity showed a linear response toward the logarithm concentration of Cu2+ over the range from 80 nM to 30 μM, with a detection limit of 21.1 nM. PL-Cu 1.0 provided only detection of Cu2+ over other divalent metal ions. Ca2+ and Mg2+ could not interfere with Cu2+ detection even at a 1000-fold concentration. We further applied PL-Cu 1.0 for Cu2+ detection in tap and bottled water. Water stored in copper taps overnight had relatively high Cu2+ concentrations, with a maximum 22.3 μM. Trace Cu2+ (52.2 nM) in deep spring was detected among the tested bottled water. Therefore, PL-Cu 1.0 is feasible to detect Cu2+ in drinking water, with a practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijin Wang
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yongjie Sheng
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yanhong Sun
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hongyue Rui
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jiacui Xu
- College
of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 5333# Xi’an Road, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Dazhi Jiang
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
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234
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Dolot R, Sobczak M, Mikołajczyk B, Nawrot B. Synthesis, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of a 52-nucleotide DNA/2'-OMe-RNA oligomer mimicking 10-23 DNAzyme in the complex with a substrate. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 36:292-301. [PMID: 28323518 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2016.1276291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A 52-nucleotide DNA/2'-OMe-RNA oligomer mimicking 10-23 DNAzyme in the complex with its substrate was synthesized, purified and crystallized by the hanging-drop method using 0.8 M sodium potassium tartrate as a precipitant. A data set to 1.21 Å resolution was collected from a monocrystal at 100 K using synchrotron radiation on a beamline BL14.1 at BESSY. The crystal belonged to the P21 group with unit-cell a = 49.42, b = 24.69, c = 50.23, β = 118.48.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Dolot
- a Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences , Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Łódź , Poland
| | - Milena Sobczak
- a Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences , Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Łódź , Poland
| | - Barbara Mikołajczyk
- a Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences , Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Łódź , Poland
| | - Barbara Nawrot
- a Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences , Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Łódź , Poland
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235
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Abstract
DNAzymes are catalytically active DNA molecules that are obtained via in vitro selection. RNA-cleaving DNAzymes have attracted significant attention for both therapeutic and diagnostic applications due to their excellent programmability, stability, and activity. They can be designed to cleave a specific mRNA to down-regulate gene expression. At the same time, DNAzymes can sense a broad range of analytes. By combining these two functions, theranostic DNAzymes are obtained. This review summarizes the progress of DNAzyme for theranostic applications. First, in vitro selection of DNAzymes is briefly introduced, and some representative DNAzymes related to biological applications are summarized. Then, the applications of DNAzyme for RNA cleaving are reviewed. DNAzymes have been used to cleave RNA for treating various diseases, such as viral infection, cancer, inflammation and atherosclerosis. Several formulations have entered clinical trials. Next, the use of DNAzymes for detecting metal ions, small molecules and nucleic acids related to disease diagnosis is summarized. Finally, the theranostic applications of DNAzyme are reviewed. The challenges to be addressed include poor DNAzyme activity under biological conditions, mRNA accessibility, delivery, and quantification of gene expression. Possible solutions to overcome these challenges are discussed, and future directions of the field are speculated.
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236
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Zhou W, Saran R, Huang PJJ, Ding J, Liu J. An Exceptionally Selective DNA Cooperatively Binding Two Ca2+Ions. Chembiochem 2017; 18:518-522. [PMID: 28087991 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhu Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Central South University; 172 Tongzipo Road Changsha Hunan 410013 China
- Department of Chemistry; Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Waterloo; 200 University Avenue West Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Runjhun Saran
- Department of Chemistry; Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Waterloo; 200 University Avenue West Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Po-Jung Jimmy Huang
- Department of Chemistry; Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Waterloo; 200 University Avenue West Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Jinsong Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Central South University; 172 Tongzipo Road Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Juewen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Central South University; 172 Tongzipo Road Changsha Hunan 410013 China
- Department of Chemistry; Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Waterloo; 200 University Avenue West Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada
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237
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Röthlisberger P, Levi-Acobas F, Hollenstein M. New synthetic route to ethynyl-dUTP: A means to avoid formation of acetyl and chloro vinyl base-modified triphosphates that could poison SELEX experiments. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:897-900. [PMID: 28089700 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine is a common base-modified nucleoside analogue that has served in various applications including selection experiments for potent aptamers and in biosensing. The synthesis of the corresponding triphosphates involves a mild acidic deprotection step. Herein, we show that this deprotection leads to the formation of other nucleoside analogs which are easily converted to triphosphates. The modified nucleoside triphosphates are excellent substrates for numerous DNA polymerases under both primer extension and PCR conditions and could thus poison selection experiments by blocking sites that need to be further modified. The formation of these nucleoside analogs can be circumvented by application of a new synthetic route that is described herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Röthlisberger
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France; CNRS UMR3523 Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Fabienne Levi-Acobas
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France; CNRS UMR3523 Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Marcel Hollenstein
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France; CNRS UMR3523 Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.
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238
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Peracchi A, Bonaccio M, Credali A. Local conformational changes in the 8–17 deoxyribozyme core induced by activating and inactivating divalent metal ions. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:8802-8809. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02001e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Placing 2-aminopurine at position 15 of the 8–17 DNAzyme allows the detection of a specific metal-induced conformational change, apparently coupled to the activation of catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Peracchi
- Department of Chemistry
- Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability
- University of Parma
- 43124 Parma
- Italy
| | - Maria Bonaccio
- Department of Chemistry
- Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability
- University of Parma
- 43124 Parma
- Italy
| | - Alfredo Credali
- Department of Chemistry
- Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability
- University of Parma
- 43124 Parma
- Italy
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239
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Kasprowicz A, Stokowa-Sołtys K, Jeżowska-Bojczuk M, Wrzesiński J, Ciesiołka J. Characterization of Highly Efficient RNA-Cleaving DNAzymes that Function at Acidic pH with No Divalent Metal-Ion Cofactors. ChemistryOpen 2016; 6:46-56. [PMID: 28168150 PMCID: PMC5288747 DOI: 10.1002/open.201600141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe the characterization of new RNA‐cleaving DNAzymes that showed the highest catalytic efficiency at pH 4.0 to 4.5, and were completely inactive at pH values higher than 5.0. Importantly, these DNAzymes did not require any divalent metal ion cofactors for catalysis. This clearly suggests that protonated nucleic bases are involved in the folding of the DNAzymes into catalytically active structures and/or in the cleavage mechanism. The trans‐acting DNAzyme variants were also catalytically active. Mutational analysis revealed a conservative character of the DNAzyme catalytic core that underpins the high structural requirements of the cleavage mechanism. A significant advantage of the described DNAzymes is that they are inactive at pH values close to physiological pH and under a wide range of conditions in the presence of monovalent and divalent metal ions. These pH‐dependent DNAzymes could be used as molecular cassettes in biotechnology or nanotechnology, in molecular processes that consist of several steps. The results expand the repertoire of DNAzymes that are active under nonphysiological conditions and shed new light on the possible mechanisms of catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kasprowicz
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Noskowskiego 12/14 61-704 Poznań Poland
| | | | | | - Jan Wrzesiński
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Noskowskiego 12/14 61-704 Poznań Poland
| | - Jerzy Ciesiołka
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Noskowskiego 12/14 61-704 Poznań Poland
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240
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Cox AJ, Bengtson HN, Rohde KH, Kolpashchikov DM. DNA nanotechnology for nucleic acid analysis: multifunctional molecular DNA machine for RNA detection. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:14318-14321. [PMID: 27886299 PMCID: PMC5645153 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06889h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Nobel prize in chemistry in 2016 was awarded for 'the design and synthesis of molecular machines'. Here we designed and assembled a molecular machine for the detection of specific RNA molecules. An association of several DNA strands, named multifunctional DNA machine for RNA analysis (MDMR1), was designed to (i) unwind RNA with the help of RNA-binding arms, (ii) selectively recognize a targeted RNA fragment, (iii) attract a signal-producing substrate and (iv) amplify the fluorescent signal by catalysis. MDMR1 enabled detection of 16S rRNA at concentrations ∼24 times lower than that by a traditional deoxyribozyme probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Cox
- Chemistry Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, 32816, Florida, USA and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, 32816, Florida, USA.
| | - H N Bengtson
- Chemistry Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, 32816, Florida, USA and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, 32816, Florida, USA.
| | - K H Rohde
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, 32816, Florida, USA.
| | - D M Kolpashchikov
- Chemistry Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, 32816, Florida, USA and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, 32816, Florida, USA.
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241
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Zhou W, Ding J, Liu J. A highly specific sodium aptamer probed by 2-aminopurine for robust Na+ sensing. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:10377-10385. [PMID: 27655630 PMCID: PMC5137442 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium is one of the most abundant metals in the environment and in biology, playing critical ecological and physiological roles. Na+ is also the most common buffer salt for nucleic acids research, while its specific interaction with DNA has yet to be fully studied. Herein, we probe a highly selective and robust Na+ aptamer using 2-aminopurine (2AP), a fluorescent adenine analog. This aptamer has two DNA strands derived from the Ce13d DNAzyme. By introducing a 2AP at the cleavage site of the substrate strand, Na+ induces ∼40% fluorescence increase. The signaling is improved by a series of rational mutations, reaching >600% with the C10A20 double mutant. This fluorescence enhancement suggests relaxed base stacking near the 2AP label upon Na+ binding. By replacing a non-conserved adenine in the enzyme strand by 2AP, Na+-dependent fluorescence quenching is observed, suggesting that the enzyme loop folds into a more compact structure upon Na+ binding. The fluorescence changes allow for Na+ detection. With an optimized sequence, a detection limit of 0.4 mM Na+ is achieved, reaching saturated signal in less than 10 s. The sensor response is insensitive to ionic strength, which is critical for Na+ detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhu Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.,Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jinsong Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Juewen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China .,Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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242
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Cox AJ, Bengtson HN, Gerasimova YV, Rohde KH, Kolpashchikov DM. DNA Antenna Tile-Associated Deoxyribozyme Sensor with Improved Sensitivity. Chembiochem 2016; 17:2038-2041. [PMID: 27620365 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Some natural enzymes increase the rate of diffusion-limited reactions by facilitating substrate flow to their active sites. Inspired by this natural phenomenon, we developed a strategy for efficient substrate delivery to a deoxyribozyme (DZ) catalytic sensor. This resulted in a three- to fourfold increase in sensitivity and up to a ninefold improvement in the detection limit. The reported strategy can be used to enhance catalytic efficiency of diffusion-limited enzymes and to improve sensitivity of enzyme-based biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Cox
- Chemistry Department, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32816-2366, USA.,Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Hillary N Bengtson
- Chemistry Department, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32816-2366, USA.,Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Yulia V Gerasimova
- Chemistry Department, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32816-2366, USA
| | - Kyle H Rohde
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Dmitry M Kolpashchikov
- Chemistry Department, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32816-2366, USA. .,Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, FL, 32827, USA. .,National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, 12354 Research Pkwy. Suite 225, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA.
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