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Alimohamadi Y, Hosamirudsari H, Hesari E, Sepandi M. Global COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 31:1-13. [PMID: 36188446 PMCID: PMC9512988 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01757-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Aim Achieving high COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates is essential as soon as a vaccine is available to deal with and end this pandemic. Due to the different amounts of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates in different regions, the pooled estimation of this rate is essential. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate worldwide COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates. Subject and methods International databases (including, Web of sciences, PubMed, and Scopus) were searched to identify related studies. The heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I2 index, the Cochran Q test, and T2. A random-effects model was used to pool estimate vaccine acceptance rates. Results The overall pooled estimate of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was 65.1 (95% CI 60.1-70.1; P < 0.001, I2 = 99.8). The vaccine acceptance rate in the general population was 68.5 (95% CI 62.5-74.5; P < 0.001, I2 = 99.8) and among healthcare workers (HCWs) was 55.9 (95% CI 47.8-64.1; P < 0.001, I2 = 99.6). The lowest COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was in the Middle East (46.1% (35.1-57.0)), and the highest coverage rate was (85% (71-99.1)) in South America. Conclusion COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate among HCWs is lower than the general population. More studies are recommended to identify related factors to the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Alimohamadi
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Hosamirudsari
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Hesari
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of public health, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Sepandi
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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202
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Allen JD, Priebe Rocha L, Rose R, Hoch A, Porteny T, Fernandes A, Galvão H. Intention to obtain a COVID-19 vaccine among Brazilian immigrant women in the U.S. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274912. [PMID: 36156603 PMCID: PMC9512217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has disproportionately impacted low-income immigrant communities. There is concern that the current uptake of COVID-19 vaccines is suboptimal and that this may be contributing to COVID-19 inequities. However, little is known about the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines among immigrants in the U.S. Our goal was to gauge COVID-19 vaccine intentions among Brazilian immigrant women living in the U.S. Methods We conducted an online survey between July and August 2020 offered in Portuguese and English languages among a convenience sample of Brazilian immigrant women ages 18 years and older. Women were recruited through online advertisements by community-based organizations and social media groups to complete a survey that assessed intention to get a COVID-19 vaccine, attitudes toward vaccines, and perceptions about the pandemic. Results Of the total sample (N = 353), most (70.8%) indicated they intended to get a COVID-19 vaccine. In bivariate analyses, vaccine intentions were significantly associated with perceptions about the severity of the pandemic, trusted sources of health information, and the number of years lived in the U.S. Multinomial logistic regression models revealed that those who did not intend to be vaccinated had lived a longer time in the U.S. (OR: -0.12 95% CI: -0.19, -0.05), perceived the pandemic to be a minor issue (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 0.62, 2.42), and trusted information from social networks (OR: -1.94, 95% CI: -3.25, -0.63) or private news sources (OR: -1.71, 95% CI: -2.78, -0.63). Conclusions While most women reported they would get a COVID-19 vaccine, efforts to reach those who may be hesitant should target those who have lived in the U.S. for longer periods of time and do not perceive the pandemic to be a major crisis. Healthcare providers may be particularly suited to deliver this information given high levels of trust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D. Allen
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Leticia Priebe Rocha
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Rose
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States of America
| | - Annmarie Hoch
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States of America
| | - Thalia Porteny
- Department of Occupational Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States of America
| | - Adriana Fernandes
- Office of Immigrant Affairs, City of Somerville, Somerville, MA, United States of America
| | - Heloisa Galvão
- Brazilian Women’s Center, Brighton, MA, United States of America
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203
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Khattak S, Idrees M, Iqbal HI, Khan M, Assad N, Khan MN, Yousaf MT, Farooq M, Yang CY, Wu DD, Ji XY. Assessment of Attitudes and Intentions towards COVID-19 Vaccines and Associated Factors among General Populations of Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1583. [PMID: 36298447 PMCID: PMC9609017 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of public health in combatting COVID-19 is to increase herd immunity. However, vaccine reluctance makes attaining herd immunity a worldwide challenge. This investigation aimed to identify negative and positive attitudes and intentions about COVID-19 vaccinations. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey was conducted once free COVID-19 vaccines became available in Pakistan in 2021. 4392 Pakistanis aged 18 and older were surveyed from seven administrative units between 1 July and 30 August 2021. Online structured questionnaires were utilized to collect data using a simple sampling procedure. The questionnaires were divided into three major sections: sociodemographic, health factors, and attitudes toward COVID-19. RESULTS The survey link was shared with approximately 4500 participants. 97.6%(4392) completed the survey once begun. Frequency, percentage and Chi-square tests were used to analyze statistical data. Most of the participants in the research were men (2703 (61.54%)), 3277 (74.61%) were aged 18-29 years, and 1824 (41.53%) were residents of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. (18.69%) Respondents expressed COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, whereas 36.66% of participants liked getting the Sinopharm and Sinovac vaccines and (35.84%) of participants preferred the Pfizer vaccine. A significant number of participants (38.05%) were concerned about the vaccine's unexpected side effects Thus, it is essential to realize that many participants were concerned about the vaccine's unexpected side effects. CONCLUSIONS The overall high level of concern about the unforeseen side effects of COVID-19 vaccines, as well as widespread vaccine hesitancy among Pakistani populations and its predictors, should be taken into account if public health intervention campaigns in Pakistan are changing negative attitudes and improving compliance with regard to COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadullah Khattak
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Primary and Secondary Health Care Department, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Iqra Iqbal
- Primary and Secondary Health Care Department, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Maqbool Khan
- Sino-Pak Center for Artificial Intelligence, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Assad
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Khan
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Muhammad Tufail Yousaf
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29111, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Microbiology, University of Swabi, Swabi 23430, Pakistan
| | - Chang-Yong Yang
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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204
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Ilikannu SO, Uwadia OM, Enyi I, Idama VE, Adugo CC, Yusuf C, Urhi A, Ochuba C, Akinade O, Alugba G. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Patients Attending the General Outpatient Clinic in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria. Cureus 2022; 14:e29352. [PMID: 36284820 PMCID: PMC9583703 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As most of the available studies on acceptance of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine were done prior to the development of a vaccine, this study aimed to determine the current willingness to receive the available COVID-19 vaccines in Nigeria and ascertain factors influencing its acceptance. Methodology A cross-sectional descriptive study using a paper-based questionnaire was conducted among patients aged 18 years and above, attending the General Outpatient Clinic of Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria (n= 366). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted at an alpha level of significance set at p<0.05. Results This study comprised 366 participants, of which 56.28% were willing to take a COVID-19 vaccine if it was made available to them. Generally, it was found that participants aged <40 years (56.90%), females (56.88%), singles (57.32%), and unemployed respondents (67.44%) were more willing to receive the vaccine than others. Those who agreed that COVID-19 was not an invention by man (p=0.031; OR=1.64; 95% CI=1.05, 2.58) were more likely to receive a vaccine. Suspicion of the government's intentions about COVID-19 was a perceived barrier by participants to accepting a vaccine. Conclusion Our findings represent one of the few estimates of the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine in Nigeria. They can be used to guide the planning and development of future public health efforts, increasing the awareness of the COVID-19 vaccine, its acceptability, and its uptake.
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205
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Mapping global acceptance and uptake of COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review and meta-analysis. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2022; 2:113. [PMID: 36101704 PMCID: PMC9465145 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-022-00177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic exit strategies depend on widespread acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines. We aim to estimate the global acceptance and uptake of COVID-19 vaccination, and their variations across populations, countries, time, and sociodemographic subgroups.
Methods
We searched four peer-reviewed databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and EBSCO) for papers published in English from December 1, 2019 to February 27, 2022. This review included original survey studies which investigated acceptance or uptake of COVID-19 vaccination, and study quality was assessed using the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies. We reported the pooled acceptance or uptake rates and 95% confidence interval (CI) using meta-analysis with a random-effects model.
Results
Among 15690 identified studies, 519 articles with 7,990,117 participants are eligible for meta-analysis. The global acceptance and uptake rate of COVID-19 vaccination are 67.8% (95% CI: 67.1–68.6) and 42.3% (95% CI: 38.2–46.5), respectively. Among all population groups, pregnant/breastfeeding women have the lowest acceptance (54.0%, 46.3–61.7) and uptake rates (7.3%, 1.7–12.8). The acceptance rate varies across countries, ranging from 35.9% (34.3–37.5) to 86.9% (81.4–92.5) for adults, and the lowest acceptance is found in Russia, Ghana, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria (below 50%). The acceptance rate declines globally in 2020, then recovers from December 2020 to June 2021, and further drops in late 2021. Females, those aged < 60 years old, Black individuals, those with lower education or income have the lower acceptance than their counterparts. There are large gaps (around 20%) between acceptance and uptake rates for populations with low education or income.
Conclusion
COVID-19 vaccine acceptance needs to be improved globally. Continuous vaccine acceptance monitoring is necessary to inform public health decision making.
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206
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Orok E, Ndem E, Daniel E. Knowledge, attitude and perception of medical students on COVID-19 vaccines: A study carried out in a Nigerian University. Front Public Health 2022; 10:942283. [PMID: 36211686 PMCID: PMC9535657 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.942283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Vaccine development, distribution, and immunization of large populations have been identified as vital mitigation strategies for curbing the spread of COVID-19. However, vaccine hesitancy is a major barrier to this. The knowledge and perception of COVID-19 vaccines can improve vaccine acceptance. The purpose of this study was to assess medical students' knowledge, attitude, and perception of COVID-19 vaccines. Methods This study was a cross-sectional web-based survey conducted among undergraduate students from the faculties of Basic medical sciences and Clinical sciences, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The students' knowledge was ranked as excellent (>70%), good (50-69%) and poor (<50%) while perception was categorized into positive (>50%), and negative (<50%). The difference in knowledge based on demographics was analyzed using the Independent sample t-test. The association between demographics, and students' perception was carried out using the Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests. Analyses were conducted using SPSS software version 25. Results A total of 233 students consented to participate in the study out of which 51.1% were female. Forty-eight students (20.6%) had good knowledge while 41.2% of the participants accepted to take the COVID-19 vaccine. Positive perception was reported among 51.1% (119) of the students. Conclusion There was poor knowledge and positive perception among majority of the students. Educational intervention in form of training should be done to improve medical students' knowledge and perception toward COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edidiong Orok
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Public Health, College of Pharmacy, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria,*Correspondence: Edidiong Orok
| | - Ekpedeme Ndem
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Eunice Daniel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
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207
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Heidler F, Baldt J, Frahm N, Langhorst SE, Mashhadiakbar P, Streckenbach B, Burian K, Zettl UK, Richter J. Vaccination willingness in association with personality traits in patients with multiple sclerosis in the course of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15147. [PMID: 36071083 PMCID: PMC9449937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18912-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is a key strategy for controlling the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines by chronically ill patients, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, plays an important role in prevention of complicated disease course. This longitudinal, prospective, multi-centre-study of German MS-patients aimed to detect socio-demographic, clinical, or psychological determinants of attitudes towards standard vaccines, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and governmental measures before/during the pandemic. Exactly 404 MS-patients were investigated by standardized questionnaires and structured interviews on socio-demographic, clinical-neurological, and psychological characteristics, vaccination status, and vaccination from June 2019. Data on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination willingness were collected in two follow-up assessments (1st: June to July 2020, before SARS-CoV-2 vaccine availability, N = 200; 2nd: March to May 2021, after SARS-CoV-2 vaccine availability, N = 157). Age, sex, MS course type, depression, and personality characteristics (Extraversion, Novelty seeking, Self-directedness, and Cooperativeness) were significantly associated with vaccination willingness. Although the majority of MS-patients showed SARS-CoV-2 vaccination willingness at both follow-ups (1st: 60%, 2nd: 61%), a substantial proportion had concerns and were undecided or opposed to vaccination. Socio-demographic variables like age and sex, psychopathological status, and various personality characteristics might influence vaccination willingness and should be considered when discussing with MS-patients about SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicita Heidler
- Department of Neurology, Ecumenic Hainich Hospital gGmbH, Pfafferode 102, 99974, Mühlhausen, Germany
| | - Julia Baldt
- Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology Section, University Medical Centre of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Niklas Frahm
- Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology Section, University Medical Centre of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Silvan Elias Langhorst
- Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology Section, University Medical Centre of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Pegah Mashhadiakbar
- Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology Section, University Medical Centre of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Barbara Streckenbach
- Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology Section, University Medical Centre of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Katja Burian
- Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology Section, University Medical Centre of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Uwe Klaus Zettl
- Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology Section, University Medical Centre of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jörg Richter
- Department of Neurology, Ecumenic Hainich Hospital gGmbH, Pfafferode 102, 99974, Mühlhausen, Germany.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK.,Durham Law School, Durham University, Durham, UK
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208
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Renzi E, Baccolini V, Migliara G, Bellotta C, Ceparano M, Donia P, Marzuillo C, De Vito C, Villari P, Massimi A. Mapping the Prevalence of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance at the Global and Regional Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1488. [PMID: 36146566 PMCID: PMC9506365 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of effective and safe vaccines, the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination is suboptimal. In this meta-analysis we quantified the prevalence estimates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance with a specific focus on worldwide geographical differences. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycInfo up to April 2021 (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021235328). Generalized random-effects linear models with a logit link were used to calculate the pooled estimated rate of vaccine acceptance at both the global and regional level. A meta-regression analysis was performed to assess the association between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and various characteristics of the studies. Overall, 71 articles yielding 128 prevalence estimates were included. The pooled prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rate was 66% (95% CI: 61-71%). This varied by geographic area, ranging from 36% (95% CI: 18-60%) in Africa to 83% (95% CI: 82-84%) in Oceania, and there was high variability between countries (15.4% Cameroon-100% Bhutan). Meta-regression analysis showed that studies that investigated COVID-19 vaccination intentions using multiple choice/scoring gave a vaccine acceptance prevalence lower than studies with only two possible answers (yes/no) (ß: -1.02 95% CI: -1.41 to -0.63). Despite some variation in the estimates, the results showed that one in three people may refuse/delay COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Renzi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Baccolini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Migliara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ciro Bellotta
- National Hospital A.O.R.N. “Antonio Cardarelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Ceparano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Donia
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Marzuillo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado De Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Villari
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Azzurra Massimi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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209
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Habersaat KB, Narayan S, Malue Nielsen S, Scherzer M, Salvi C, Seale H. How health workers can make a difference in the public COVID-19 vaccination response. Vaccine 2022; 40:6192-6195. [PMID: 36163092 PMCID: PMC9444894 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sideeka Narayan
- WHO Regional Office for Europe, Marmorvej 51, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Siff Malue Nielsen
- WHO Regional Office for Europe, Marmorvej 51, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martha Scherzer
- WHO Regional Office for Europe, Marmorvej 51, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cristiana Salvi
- WHO Regional Office for Europe, Marmorvej 51, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Holly Seale
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia.
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210
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Terry E, Cartledge S, Damery S, Greenfield S. Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic; a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1667. [PMID: 36056325 PMCID: PMC9437387 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A high COVID-19 vaccine uptake is essential to achieve herd immunity to combat the current strain of COVID-19 and potential future variants. This review aimed to identify factors associated with public intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines until February 2021 to provide accessible data to policymakers to inform framing and targeting of messages designed to optimise vaccine uptake. Methods Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Sociological Abstracts and Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts were searched for cross-sectional studies reporting data regarding COVID-19 vaccine intentions, published between 01/01/2020 and 12/02/2021. Title/abstract and full-text screening were performed independently by two authors. The Appraisal Tool for Cross-sectional Studies (AXIS) was used to assess bias and quality. Both random-effects meta-analysis and narrative synthesis were used to describe vaccine intentions and associated factors. A subgroup analysis assessing the impact of sex, sampling method and time of survey on COVID-19 vaccine intention was performed. Results Searches identified 4739 studies, and 23 cross-sectional studies were deemed eligible for the review; 22 used online surveys and one used a mixed-methods study design. Eighteen surveys were conducted in the first half of 2020 and five were conducted in the latter half of 2020. Fifteen countries were represented, with the most common being the United States (n = 4) and the United Kingdom (n = 4) sampling 41,403 participants across all surveys. Most studies employed convenience sampling and 11 non-responder rates raised concerns over non-response bias. From the 18 studies included in the meta-analysis, the pooled proportion of survey participants willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was 73.3% (n = 18, 95% Confidence Interval 64.2 to 81.5%, I2 = 99.7%). Factors associated with a higher COVID-19 vaccine acceptance included greater perceived risk of COVID-19, lower level of perceived vaccine harm, higher educational attainment and household income, older age, being of White ethnicity and male sex. Conclusions There was a high willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine which was influenced by sociodemographic factors and risk perceptions. The findings suggest future research should explore reasoning behind vaccine intentions for different sociodemographic groups to allow targeted communication strategies to be formulated by public health agencies. Registration PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42021239134. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14029-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Terry
- University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, England.
| | - Sapphire Cartledge
- University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, England
| | - Sarah Damery
- Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, England
| | - Sheila Greenfield
- Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, England
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211
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Trust is the common denominator for COVID-19 vaccine acceptance: a literature review. Vaccine X 2022; 12:100213. [PMID: 36217424 PMCID: PMC9536059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2022.100213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is a central barrier to ending the COVID-19 pandemic. Trust in the quality and safety of vaccines and the institutions dispensing the vaccines is critical for the willingness to be vaccinated. Trust in vaccines and institutions are subject to individual and societal perceptions built over time, and vary by social, cultural and historical context. Preconceived perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines played a more important role in decision-making than science-based information. Targeted and tailored approaches are essential to build trust in COVID-19 vaccines.
Vaccine hesitancy and refusal to be vaccinated are major reasons why mass vaccination strategies do not reach the intended coverage, even if adequate vaccine supply has been achieved. The main objective of this study is to explore the role and contribution of trust in public willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccinations. The study utilised a qualitative synthesis of literature around hesitancy, willingness to accept vaccination, and the role of trust. Data were extracted from the literature and first categorised using a deductive approach, and later analysed in QSR NVivo using a mix of deductive and inductive approaches. The impact of trust was mostly borne out in the willingness to accept a vaccine, but details on what trust is, how and why it affects willingness or lack of it, was not frequently reported. Three types of trust were identified: 1) Trust in the quality and safety of vaccines; 2) Institutional trust; and 3) Interpersonal trust in the professionals who communicate about and administer the vaccine. Trust in the vaccines’ quality and safety, and institutional affiliation significantly contributed towards willingness to be vaccinated. The bulk of the literature focused on how interpersonal trust and personal attributes of potential vaccinees affected the willingness to accept the vaccine. This complex relationship included a fragility of beliefs and perceptions at an individual level, with a bidirectional relationship to societal perceptions. Perceptions of vaccines had a predominant role in decision-making, in contrast to more science-based decision-making. Although globally, the perceptions and beliefs contributing to trust had commonalities and relevance, trust was often found to be dependent on factors embedded in local social, cultural, institutional, and individual attributes and experiences. Understanding different types of trust offers potential approaches to motivate undecided people to receive vaccine; and vaccine refusers to revisit their decisions.
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212
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Mahmud S, Mohsin M, Hossain S, Islam MM, Muyeed A. The acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine at early stage of development and approval: A global systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10728. [PMID: 36168558 PMCID: PMC9499991 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccination seems to be the most effective way to prevent and control the spread of COVID-19, a disease that has adversely impacted the lives of over 7 billion people across the globe. Vaccine hesitancy represents an important threat to combat infectious diseases worldwide. This study aims to inspect the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate worldwide and the regional variation of the acceptance rates among the general population and healthcare workers across different territories of the world. In addition, it compares the vaccine acceptance rates between the pre- and post-vaccine approval periods. Method A comprehensive systematic review was conducted using PRISMA statements. After quality evaluation, the data from eligible studies were analyzed using the random effect model. Q-test and I2 statistics were used to search for heterogeneity. The publication bias was assessed by using Egger’s test and funnel plot. Results The combined COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate among the general population and healthcare workers (n = 1,581,562) was estimated at 62.79% (95% CI: 58.98–66.60). The acceptance rate substantially decreased from 66.29% (95% CI: 61.24–71.35) to 56.69% (95% CI: 48.68–64.71) among the general population from the pre-to post-vaccine approval periods but remained almost constant at 58.25% (95% CI: 46.52–69.97) among healthcare workers. The acceptance rates also varied in different regions of the world. The highest acceptance rate was found in the South-East Asia region at 70.18% (95% CI: 58.12–82.25) and the lowest was found in African Region at 39.51% (95% CI: 23.42–55.59). Conclusion Low COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate might be a massive barrier to controlling the pandemic. More research is needed to address the responsible factors influencing the low global rate of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Integrated global efforts are required to remove the barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Mahmud
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mohsin
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sorif Hossain
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mynul Islam
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdul Muyeed
- Department of Statistics, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Trishal, Mymensingh-2224, Bangladesh
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213
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Takahashi S, Takahashi N, Sasaki S, Nohara M, Kawachi I. Occupational disparities in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Japan. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101226. [PMID: 36119724 PMCID: PMC9465492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We examined occupational disparities in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Japan. Methods Cross-sectional online surveys were conducted among of residents living in Iwate Prefecture from July 2 to 4 and from October 1 to 3 in 2021 (total n=17,914). Intention to get vaccinated for COVID-19 was assessed by self-report questions. We calculated odds ratios for vaccine hesitancy among occupational groups using logistic regression models controlling for covariates and stratified by age and sex groups. Results The overall prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was 5.5% in our sample of working-age adults. Women <40 years were also 1.6 times more likely to be vaccine hesitant, citing concerns about adverse effects on pregnancy or breastfeeding. Among people aged 40–59 years, workers in the service industry, manufacturing industry, and the unemployed were significantly more likely to have perceived vaccine hesitancy regardless of sex. Young service workers viewed themselves as being more vulnerable to risk of infection but less susceptible to getting severe disease, whilst exhibiting low levels of vaccine knowledge. Middle-aged (40–59 years) workers in the manufacturing industry underestimated both vulnerability to infection and disease severity, as well as demonstrated low knowledge of vaccines and practice of preventive measures. Conclusions While complex and heterogeneous reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy have been cited in Western countries (e.g., mistrust of government, medical mistrust, and conspiracy beliefs), the situation in Japan may be more amenable to educational interventions targeting specific occupations. Policymakers should target interventions for increasing vaccine readiness in high risk occupations. We investigated occupational disparities in vaccine hesitancy in late 2021 in Japan. Respondents had already received their first shot. Groups that had perceived higher vaccine hesitancy included women aged <40 years working in the service sector. Groups also included middle-aged workers in the manufacturing sector, service sector, and the unemployed. The situation in Japan may be more amenable to education interventions in specific occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuko Takahashi
- Office of Medical Policy, Department of Health and Welfare, Iwate Prefectural Government, 10-1 Uchimaru, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8570, Japan
- Division of Medical Education, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1, Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
- Corresponding author. Office of Medical Policy, Department of Health and Welfare, Iwate Prefectural Government, 10Uchimaru, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8570, Japan.
| | - Naomi Takahashi
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sasaki
- Division of Health and National Health Insurance, Department of Health and Welfare, Iwate Prefectural Government, 10-1 Uchimaru, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8570, Japan
| | - Masaru Nohara
- Department of Health and Welfare, Iwate Prefectural Government, 10-1 Uchimaru, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8570, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard. T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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Mattocks KM, Kroll-Desrosiers A, Moore Simas TA, Bastian LA, Marteeny V, Walker L, Sheahan K, Elwy AR. Examining Pregnant Veterans' Acceptance and Beliefs Regarding the COVID-19 Vaccine. J Gen Intern Med 2022; 37:671-678. [PMID: 36042080 PMCID: PMC9427157 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-022-07588-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant persons have received mixed messages regarding whether or not to receive COVID-19 vaccines as limited data are available regarding vaccine safety for pregnant and lactating persons and breastfeeding infants. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to examine pregnant Veteran's acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines, along with perceptions and beliefs regarding vaccine safety and vaccine conspiracy beliefs. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of pregnant Veterans enrolled in VA care who were taking part in an ongoing cohort study at 15 VA medical centers between January and May 2021. MAIN MEASURES Pregnant Veterans were asked whether they had been offered the COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy, and whether they chose to accept or refuse it. Additional questions focused on perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine safety and endorsements of vaccine knowledge and conspiracy beliefs. Logistic regression was utilized to examine predictors of acceptance of a vaccine during pregnancy. KEY RESULTS Overall, 72 pregnant Veterans were offered a COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy; over two-thirds (69%) opted not to receive a vaccine. Reasons for not receiving a vaccine included potential effects on the baby (64%), side effects for oneself (30%), and immunity from a past COVID-19 infection (12%). Those who received a vaccine had significantly greater vaccine knowledge and less belief in vaccine conspiracy theories. Greater knowledge of vaccines in general (aOR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.2-2.6) and lower beliefs in vaccine conspiracies (aOR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.6-0.9) were the strongest predictors of acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides important insights regarding pregnant Veterans' decisions to accept the COVID-19 vaccine, and reasons why they may choose not to accept the vaccine. Given the high endorsement of vaccine conspiracy beliefs, trusted healthcare providers should have ongoing, open discussions about vaccine conspiracy beliefs and provide additional information to dispel these beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Mattocks
- VA Central Western Massachusetts Healthcare System, Birch Building, Room 112, 421 North Main Street, Leeds, MA, 01053, USA. .,University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Aimee Kroll-Desrosiers
- VA Central Western Massachusetts Healthcare System, Birch Building, Room 112, 421 North Main Street, Leeds, MA, 01053, USA.,University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | - Lori A Bastian
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.,Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Valerie Marteeny
- VA Central Western Massachusetts Healthcare System, Birch Building, Room 112, 421 North Main Street, Leeds, MA, 01053, USA
| | - Lorrie Walker
- VA Central Western Massachusetts Healthcare System, Birch Building, Room 112, 421 North Main Street, Leeds, MA, 01053, USA
| | | | - A Rani Elwy
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, MA, USA
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Tomietto M, Simonetti V, Comparcini D, Stefanizzi P, Cicolini G. A large cross-sectional survey of COVID-19 vaccination willingness amongst healthcare students and professionals: Reveals generational patterns. J Adv Nurs 2022; 78:2894-2903. [PMID: 35301774 PMCID: PMC9111790 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination hesitancy in healthcare professionals and healthcare students in Italy across four generations (baby boomers, generations X, Y and Z). DESIGN A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed through an online survey conducted from May to June 2021. The STROBE guidelines were adopted for reporting. METHODS Data were collected by initially sending a survey link to a convenience sample of healthcare professionals and students, which was followed by snowball sampling. The VAX scale was validated and adopted. An ANOVA was performed to detect differences in vaccine-hesitancy beliefs between the four generational groups. RESULTS The survey was completed by 1226 healthcare professionals and students. Worries about unforeseen future effects accounted for the higher vaccination hesitancy factor across generations. More positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination were expressed by members of generation Z than by members of generation Y and baby boomers. Members of generation X had the highest vaccination hesitancy scores in the overall scale. CONCLUSION The results suggest that public health campaigns should take into account the generational differences in COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy to achieve higher levels of vaccine acceptance, including amongst healthcare professionals and students. IMPACT Vaccination is the most effective strategy to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. The advice of health professionals strongly influences vaccination willingness in the general population. A consideration of the generational patterns in the COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy of healthcare workers and students may increase vaccination uptake in these populations, which in turn may lead to greater public acceptance of the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tomietto
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Valentina Simonetti
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Dania Comparcini
- Politecnica delle Marche University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria "Ospedali Riuniti" di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Pasquale Stefanizzi
- Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Giancarlo Cicolini
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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Kharaba Z, Ahmed R, Khalil AM, Al-Ahmed RM, Said ASA, Elnour AA, Cherri S, Jirjees F, Afifi H, Ashmawy NS, Mahboub B, Alfoteih Y. Parents' Perception, Acceptance, and Hesitancy to Vaccinate Their Children against COVID-19: Results from a National Study in the UAE. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091434. [PMID: 36146512 PMCID: PMC9501200 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 is considered the greatest health disaster affecting humans during the 21st century, which urged the need to develop an effective vaccine to acquire enough immunity against the virus. The main challenge faced during the development of such vaccines was the insufficiency of time, which raised the question about the vaccine safety and efficacy, especially among children. Parents’ and caregivers’ thoughts and acceptance of administering the vaccine to their children are still debatable topics and are yet to be explored in the UAE. Aims: The study aims to exploit parent acceptance, perception, and hesitancy toward the COVID-19 vaccine administration for their children and the link with their choice of distance learning instead of face-to-face education in the UAE. Methodology: This study utilized a cross-sectional descriptive design. A sample of 1049 parents across all emirates were conveniently approached and surveyed using Google forms from June to September 2021. The participants responded to a semi-structured questionnaire pertaining to socio-demographic, educational, and other questions related to COVID-19 and its link with their beliefs in whether the vaccination of their children will help with resuming face-to-face learning. Results: Approximately 74% of the parents confirmed that their children who are 16 years old and above have received the vaccine, and 71% were willing to give the vaccine to their children aged above 5 years. Parents with children receiving online education and those with children where the online modality of learning negatively affected their academic achievement are more prone to administer the COVID-19 vaccine to their children above five years old. The results show a significant association between vaccination of children and the parental desire for resuming physical attendance in schools (p value < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the highest acceptance rate was from parents with children of low academic achievement due to online learning modality during the pandemic. Conclusion: In the UAE, parents of young children have shown a positive attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination in belief that vaccines will reduce the risk of infection and assist in resuming normal lifestyles, such as going back physically to schools. The results reflect the public awareness and the hypervigilance regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in the UAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelal Kharaba
- Program of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Rahaf Ahmed
- Program of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alaa M. Khalil
- Program of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raneem M. Al-Ahmed
- Program of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amira S. A. Said
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef P.O. Box 64141, Egypt
| | - Asim Ahmed Elnour
- Program of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sarah Cherri
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Mouseitbah, Beirut P.O. Box 146404, Lebanon
| | - Feras Jirjees
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hala Afifi
- Department of Pharmacy, City University College of Ajman, Ajman P.O. Box 18484, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo P.O. Box 11566, Egypt
| | - Naglaa S. Ashmawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo P.O. Box 11566, Egypt
- Rochester Institute of Technology-Dubai, Dubai P.O. Box 341055, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam Mahboub
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai P.O. Box 4545, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yassen Alfoteih
- Department of Dental Surgery, City University College of Ajman, Ajman P.O. Box 18484, United Arab Emirates
- Department of General Education, City University College of Ajman, Ajman P.O. Box 18484, United Arab Emirates
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217
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Marså K, Kristensen TB, Konradsen H. Standing alone: experiences of vaccine-hesitant Danish healthcare professionals during COVID-19. Scand J Public Health 2022:14034948221113645. [PMID: 36032021 PMCID: PMC9425156 DOI: 10.1177/14034948221113645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of Danish healthcare professionals who were hesitant about the COVID-19 vaccine. METHODS Interviews were conducted over the telephone in January and February 2021. RESULTS Healthcare professionals experienced the need to avoid impossible conversations about vaccine hesitancy with their colleagues. They felt a lack of knowledge of long-term experience with the vaccine and a need to balance trust in themselves and the authorities. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare professionals who were hesitant towards the COVID-19 vaccine felt they had to keep their concerns to themselves and felt isolated and pressured by their managers. This study is especially important for managers, who must ensure a trusting working environment in which employees can discuss their concerns without feeling pressured.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hanne Konradsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Fischbach L, Civen R, Boyd H, Flores DM, Cloud J, Smith LV, King J, Alvarez F, Kuo T. Factors Influencing COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in the Workplace: Results From a Rapid Survey at 2 Corporations in Los Angeles County, California, 2021. Public Health Rep 2022; 137:1207-1216. [PMID: 36004572 PMCID: PMC9548445 DOI: 10.1177/00333549221118086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Achieving widespread vaccine acceptance across various employment sectors is key to a successful public health response to COVID-19, but little is known about factors influencing vaccine acceptance among essential non–health care workers. We examined factors influencing vaccine acceptance among a sample of essential non–health care workers in California. Methods: We conducted a survey in early spring 2021 at 2 corporations in Los Angeles County, California, to identify and describe factors influencing vaccine acceptance and the ability of incentives to increase this acceptance. We used modified Poisson regression analysis to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios and a best-subset selection algorithm to identify the strongest factors influencing vaccine acceptance. Results: Of 678 workers who completed the survey, 450 were unvaccinated. Among unvaccinated participants, having trust in information about the vaccine from public health experts, having ≥1 chronic health condition related to COVID-19 severity, being Asian, and perceiving risk for COVID-19 were factors that most influenced vaccine acceptance. Most (271 of 296, 91.6%) participants who had trust in information from public health experts and 30.6% (30 of 98) of participants who did not have trust in information from public health experts said that they would accept the vaccine. Seventeen of 24 (70.8%) vaccine-hesitant workers who had trust in information from public health experts and 12 of 72 (16.7%) vaccine-hesitant workers who did not have trust in this information said that they would be more likely to accept the vaccine if an incentive were offered. Conclusions: Efforts to increase vaccine coverage at workplaces should focus on improving trust in the vaccine and increasing public awareness that the vaccine is free.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Fischbach
- Outbreak Management Branch for COVID-19 Response, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Division of Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachel Civen
- Outbreak Management Branch for COVID-19 Response, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Community Field Services and Service Planning Area Regional Offices, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Homer Boyd
- Outbreak Management Branch for COVID-19 Response, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David M Flores
- Outbreak Management Branch for COVID-19 Response, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Cloud
- Outbreak Management Branch for COVID-19 Response, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Office of Health Assessment and Epidemiology, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lisa V Smith
- Outbreak Management Branch for COVID-19 Response, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Office of Health Assessment and Epidemiology, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jan King
- Outbreak Management Branch for COVID-19 Response, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Community Field Services and Service Planning Area Regional Offices, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frank Alvarez
- Outbreak Management Branch for COVID-19 Response, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Community Field Services and Service Planning Area Regional Offices, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tony Kuo
- Outbreak Management Branch for COVID-19 Response, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Division of Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Population Health Program, UCLA Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Level in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2022; 2022:2313367. [PMID: 36061634 PMCID: PMC9436617 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2313367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has had a devastating impact on the everyday lives of the world's population and to this end, the development of curative vaccines was upheld as a welcome panacea. Despite the undeniable negative impact of the disease on human beings, lower than expected proportions of people have taken up the vaccines, particularly in the developing non-Western world. Ethiopia represents an interesting case example, of a nation where COVID-19 vaccine acceptance levels have not been well investigated and a need exists to assess the overall level of vaccine acceptance. Methods A systematic multidatabase search for relevant articles was carried out across Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Hinari, EMBASE, Boolean operator, and PubMed. Two reviewers independently selected, reviewed, screened, and extracted data by using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. The Joanna Briggs Institute prevalence critical appraisal tools and the modified NewcastleOttawa Scale (NOS) were used to assess the quality of evidence. All studies conducted in Ethiopia, reporting vaccine acceptance rates were incorporated. The extracted data were imported into the comprehensive meta-analysis version 3.0 for further analysis. Heterogeneity was confirmed using Higgins's method, and publication bias was checked by using Beggs and Eggers tests. A random-effects meta-analysis model with a 95% confidence interval was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence. Furthermore, subgroup analysis based on the study area and sample size was done. Results and Conclusion. After reviewing 67 sources, 18 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Ethiopia was 57.8% (95% CI: 47.2%–67.8%). The level of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Ethiopia was at a lower rate than necessary to achieve herd immunity. The highest level of vaccine acceptance rate was reported via online or telephone surveys followed by the southern region of Ethiopia. The lowest vaccine acceptance patterns were reported in Addis Ababa.
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Beliefs, barriers and hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccine among Bangladeshi residents: Findings from a cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269944. [PMID: 35998135 PMCID: PMC9398020 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID‐19 vaccination acceptance is important, and combating hesitancy which is generally based on the individuals’ beliefs and perceptions is essential in the present pandemic. This study assesses COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy and associated factors, beliefs and barriers associated with COVID-19 vaccination. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out among 492 Bangladeshi residents (76% male; mean age = 24.21 ± 4.91 years; age range = 18–50 years) prior to the nationwide mass COVID-19 vaccination campaign (September 28, 2021). A semi-structured e-questionnaire included three sections (demographic variables, beliefs around the vaccination, and perceived barriers regarding COVID-19 vaccination). Results More than a quarter of participants (26.42%) were hesitant, 70.33% reported to accept the vaccine, and 3.25% refused to be vaccinated. While (54%) believed that mass vaccination would be the most effective method to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns regarding the side effects of the vaccine (58%), inadequate vaccine trials before human administration (43%), commercial profiteering (42%), and mistrust of the benefits of the vaccine (20%) were also reported. In addition, other barriers including a short supply of vaccines, unknown future adverse effects (55%), low confidence in the health system (51%), doubts regarding its effectiveness (50%) and safety (45%), and insufficient information regarding potential adverse effects (44.7%) were reported. In bivariate analysis, variables such as current political affiliation, previous vaccination history, and health status were significantly associated with the COVID-19 vaccine uptake variable (acceptance, hesitancy, refusal). Regression analysis showed that participants who identified with the opposing current political parties, and not having been vaccinated since the age of 18 years were significantly more likely to report vaccine hesitancy. Conclusions The current findings relating to COVID-19 vaccination demonstrate that government and policy makers need to take all necessary measures to ensure the effectiveness of the vaccination program among the Bangladeshi people.
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Kamali K, Hoseinzade Z, Hajimiri K, Hoveidamanesh S, Zahraei SM, Gouya MM, Bavandpouri SM, Mohamadi T, Mohamadi S, Bigdeli Z, Maleki A, Shirzad M, Heidari Z, Farsadegi M, Shoghli A. Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in healthcare workers in Iran: National Survey. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:703. [PMID: 35996088 PMCID: PMC9395894 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07675-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM It seems that acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination is the most effective way to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic now. Health care workers (HCWs) are one of the most important groups who are at risk for COVID-19 infection. This study aimed to assess the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among HCWs in Iran and its determinants. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 3600 HCWs in Iran. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire by a trained team from February to March 2021. Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used for selecting respondents of the study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the key factors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among participants. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Out of the 3536 respondents, 2191 (62.1%) intended to uptake the COVID-19 vaccine. Only about 10 percent of respondents said they did not trust any vaccine (domestic or foreign). Willing to accept a COVID-19 vaccine was relatively high among males, doctors, and those who had a history of hospitalization due to COVID-19 infection. The multivariate regression analysis showed respondents who were 40-50 years (aOR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.47-1.66), had a history of COVID-19 infection (aOR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.83-0.88), and hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection (aOR: 2.18; 95% CI: 1.97-2.39), were significantly associated with vaccine acceptance (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study showed moderate acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in the HCWs in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The most important factor in the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine by the health staff is having a history of hospitalization. Further training and justification of health personnel is needed to increase the acceptance of COVID 19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koorosh Kamali
- School of Public Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Zarrintaj Hoseinzade
- Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Hajimiri
- Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Hoveidamanesh
- Community Medicine, Burn Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Zahraei
- Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Gouya
- Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Teheran, Iran
| | | | - Tahereh Mohamadi
- Business Administration, Health Insurance Organization, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Soraya Mohamadi
- Biostatistics, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Zohre Bigdeli
- Biostatistics, Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Azam Maleki
- Reproductive Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Shirzad
- Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Heidari
- Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mahya Farsadegi
- School of Dentistry, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Alireza Shoghli
- Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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Fajar JK, Sallam M, Soegiarto G, Sugiri YJ, Anshory M, Wulandari L, Kosasih SAP, Ilmawan M, Kusnaeni K, Fikri M, Putri F, Hamdi B, Pranatasari ID, Aina L, Maghfiroh L, Ikhriandanti FS, Endiaverni WO, Nugraha KW, Wiranudirja O, Edinov S, Hamdani U, Rosyidah L, Lubaba H, Ariwibowo R, Andistyani R, Fitriani R, Hasanah M, Nafis FAD, Tamara F, Latamu FO, Kusuma HI, Rabaan AA, Alhumaid S, Mutair AA, Garout M, Halwani MA, Alfaresi M, Al Azmi R, Alasiri NA, Alshukairi AN, Dhama K, Harapan H. Global Prevalence and Potential Influencing Factors of COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy: A Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081356. [PMID: 36016242 PMCID: PMC9412456 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Countries worldwide have deployed mass COVID-19 vaccination drives, but there are people who are hesitant to receive the vaccine. Studies assessing the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy are inconclusive. This study aimed to assess the global prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy and determine the potential factors associated with such hesitancy. We performed an organized search for relevant articles in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Extraction of the required information was performed for each study. A single-arm meta-analysis was performed to determine the global prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy; the potential factors related to vaccine hesitancy were analyzed using a Z-test. A total of 56 articles were included in our analysis. We found that the global prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy was 25%. Being a woman, being a 50-year-old or younger, being single, being unemployed, living in a household with five or more individuals, having an educational attainment lower than an undergraduate degree, having a non-healthcare-related job and considering COVID-19 vaccines to be unsafe were associated with a higher risk of vaccination hesitancy. In contrast, living with children at home, maintaining physical distancing norms, having ever tested for COVID-19, and having a history of influenza vaccination in the past few years were associated with a lower risk of hesitancy to COVID-19 vaccination. Our study provides valuable information on COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy, and we recommend special interventions in the sub-populations with increased risk to reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonny Karunia Fajar
- Brawijaya Internal Medicine Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Malmö, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +962-79-184-5186
| | - Gatot Soegiarto
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | - Yani Jane Sugiri
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Anshory
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Laksmi Wulandari
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | | | - Muhammad Ilmawan
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Kusnaeni Kusnaeni
- Faculty of Matematics and Sciences, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Fikri
- Faculty of Matematics and Sciences, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Frilianty Putri
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedicine, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Baitul Hamdi
- Faculty of Economy and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | | | - Lily Aina
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | - Lailatul Maghfiroh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | | | - Wa Ode Endiaverni
- Faculty of Economy and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | | | - Ory Wiranudirja
- Faculty of Economy and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Sally Edinov
- Faculty of Economics and Business, Riau University, Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia
| | - Ujang Hamdani
- Faculty of Economy and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Lathifatul Rosyidah
- Faculty of Economy and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Hanny Lubaba
- Faculty of Economy and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Rinto Ariwibowo
- Faculty of Economy and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Riska Andistyani
- Faculty of Economy and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Ria Fitriani
- Faculty of Administrative Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Miftahul Hasanah
- Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | | | - Fredo Tamara
- Brawijaya Internal Medicine Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Fitri Olga Latamu
- Brawijaya Internal Medicine Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Hendrix Indra Kusuma
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan
| | - Saad Alhumaid
- Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al Mubarrazs 36342, Saudi Arabia
- College of Nursing, Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
- School of Nursing, Wollongong University, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Nursing Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 33048, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Garout
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care for Pilgrims, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad A. Halwani
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baha University, Al Baha 4781, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubarak Alfaresi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sheikh Khalifa General Hospital, Umm Al Quwain 499, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 505055, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reyouf Al Azmi
- Infection Prevention and Control, Eastern Health Cluster, Dammam 32253, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada A. Alasiri
- Scientific Advisory Council, InsanCare Group for Scientific Studies and Specialized Business Solutions, Riyadh 13313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer N. Alshukairi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah 12713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR–Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
| | - Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
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Pires C. Global Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Systematic Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081349. [PMID: 36016237 PMCID: PMC9415631 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: vaccine hesitancy is defined as a delay in the acceptance or refusal of vaccination, even though immunisation is a determinant in reducing the mortality and morbidity associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Aim: to identify and analyse the predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and/or hesitancy. Methods: a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Keywords: vaccine and (COVID or SARS) and (acceptance or acceptability or willingness or hesitancy or refusal) and (multivariate or regression) and (questionnaire or survey) and national. Databases/resources: PubMed, DOAJ, SciELO and b-on. Timeframe: March 2020–2022. Inclusion criteria: general population, questionnaire-based, calculation of a multivariate regression model and national studies. Quality assessment: application of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood institute (NHLBI) tool. Results: a total of 37 studies were selected, whose overall rate was fair. The most predominant predictors of vaccine hesitancy were a lower perceived risk of getting infected, a lower level of institutional trust, not being vaccinated against influenza, lower levels of perceived severity of COVID-19, or stronger beliefs that the vaccination would cause side effects or be unsafe. Discussion and conclusion: the identified predictors can be used to design tailored health policies and/or public health interventions, or to evaluate subjects’ vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Pires
- Escola de Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
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Sánchez-González L, Major CG, Rodriguez DM, Balajee A, Ryff KR, Lorenzi O, Linares M, Adams LE, Rivera-Amill V, Rolfes M, Paz-Bailey G. COVID-19 Vaccination Intention in a Community Cohort in Ponce, Puerto Rico. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2022; 107:268-277. [PMID: 35895388 PMCID: PMC9393461 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As of January 20, 2022, > 247,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 3,600 deaths were reported in Puerto Rico (PR). We interviewed participants aged ≥ 14 years in the Communities Organized to Prevent Arboviruses (COPA) study, a community-based cohort in PR, about COVID-19 vaccine intention from November 12, 2020, to June 25, 2021. We used univariate and adjusted analyses to identify participant characteristics associated with vaccine intention. Among 1,542 respondents, the median age was 37 years (interquartile range 23-45) and 914 (59%) were female. Most participants (83%) reported a willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. The most common reason for vaccine hesitancy was concern about the safety or side effects (64%). Willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was associated with a later interview date, higher household income, previous COVID-19 diagnosis among household members, COVID-19 risk perception, influenza vaccine uptake, dengue vaccine intention, and general positive perceptions of vaccines. While parents with minors (< 21 years old) were less likely to report vaccine intention for themselves than participants without minor children, we observed similar characteristics associated with parents' willingness to vaccinate their children. Overall, COVID-19 vaccine intention was high among COPA participants. It is important that public health messaging in PR addresses COVID-19 vaccine safety and possible side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chelsea G. Major
- Dengue Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Dania M. Rodriguez
- Dengue Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Abirami Balajee
- COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kyle R. Ryff
- Dengue Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Olga Lorenzi
- Dengue Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Mariely Linares
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Laura E. Adams
- Dengue Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Vanessa Rivera-Amill
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Melissa Rolfes
- COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Gabriela Paz-Bailey
- Dengue Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Moreno Ramírez D, Gutenkunst S, Honan J, Ingram M, Quijada C, Chaires M, Sneed SJ, Sandoval F, Spitz R, Carvajal S, Billheimer D, Wolf AM, Beamer PI. Thinking on your feet: Beauty and auto small businesses maneuver the risks of the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2022; 10:921704. [PMID: 36106169 PMCID: PMC9465998 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.921704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization officially declared SARS-CoV-2 a pandemic, and governments and health institutions enacted various public health measures to decrease its transmission rate. The COVID-19 pandemic made occupational health disparities for small businesses more visible and created an unprecedented financial burden, particularly for those located in communities of color. In part, communities of color experienced disproportionate mortality and morbidity rates from COVID-19 due to their increased exposure. The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted the public to reflect on risks daily. Risk perception is a critical factor influencing how risk gets communicated and perceived by individuals, groups, and communities. This study explores competing risk perceptions regarding COVID-19, economic impacts, vaccination, and disinfectant exposures of workers at beauty salons and auto shops in Tucson, Arizona, using a perceived risk score measured on a scale of 1-10, with higher scores indicating more perceived risk. The primary differences between respondents at beauty salons and auto shops regarding their perceived risks of COVID-19 vaccination were between the vaccinated and unvaccinated. For every group except the unvaccinated, the perceived risk score of getting the COVID-19 vaccine was low, and the score of not getting the COVID-19 vaccine was high. Study participants in different demographic groups ranked economic risk the highest compared to the other five categories: getting the COVID-19 vaccine, not getting the COVID-19 vaccine, COVID-19, disinfection, and general. A meaningful increase of four points in the perceived risk score of not getting the COVID-19 vaccine was associated with a 227% (95% CI: 27%, 740%) increase in the odds of being vaccinated. Analyzing these data collected during the coronavirus pandemic may provide insight into how to promote the health-protective behavior of high-risk workers and employers in the service sector during times of new novel threats (such as a future pandemic or crisis) and how they process competing risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Moreno Ramírez
- Community, Environment and Policy Department, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | - Jenna Honan
- Community, Environment and Policy Department, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Maia Ingram
- Health Promotion Sciences Department, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Carolina Quijada
- Community, Environment and Policy Department, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Marvin Chaires
- Community, Environment and Policy Department, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Sam J. Sneed
- Community, Environment and Policy Department, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Flor Sandoval
- Sonora Environmental Research Institute, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Rachel Spitz
- Sonora Environmental Research Institute, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Scott Carvajal
- Health Promotion Sciences Department, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Dean Billheimer
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States,Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ann Marie Wolf
- Sonora Environmental Research Institute, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Paloma I. Beamer
- Community, Environment and Policy Department, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States,BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States,*Correspondence: Paloma I. Beamer
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226
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Wu J, Chen CH, Wang H, Zhang J. Higher Collective Responsibility, Higher COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake, and Interaction with Vaccine Attitude: Results from Propensity Score Matching. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081295. [PMID: 36016183 PMCID: PMC9416590 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Providing both personal and social benefits, vaccination may be motivated by collective responsibility (CR). Some previous studies have indicated the relationship between CR and vaccination but could not exclude confounding bias and had little knowledge about the boundary conditions. This study aimed to examine the association between CR and COVID-19 vaccine uptake and its boundary conditions in an extended version of the theory of planned behavior. A cross-sectional survey with 608 participants from six tourism satellite industries in Macao was conducted from 28 July 2021 to 20 August of 2021. Respondentss in CR-lower and CR-higher groups were 1:1 paired using propensity score matching (PSM) to control the potential confounding factors. Results showed participants in the CR-higher group reported significantly higher COVID-19 vaccine uptake than those in the CR-lower group (64.7% vs. 49.7%, p = 0.005). Multivariate logistic regression results indicated a positive association between CR and COVID-19 vaccine uptake (p = 0.012, OR = 2.070, 95% CI= 1.174 to 3.650) and its interaction effect with COVID-19 vaccine attitude (p = 0.019, OR = 0.922, 95% CI = 0.861 to 0.987). Spotlight analysis further illustrated that CR was more effective among individuals with a more negative COVID-19 vaccine attitude. These findings may help promote understanding of vaccine hesitancy, and hence optimize vaccination communication strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Wu
- School of Business, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
- Nursing and Health Education Research Centre, Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Caleb Huanyong Chen
- School of Business, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Education Department, Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Jinghua Zhang
- School of Business, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
- Correspondence:
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Hu S, Xiong C, Li Q, Wang Z, Jiang Y. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy cannot fully explain disparities in vaccination coverage across the contiguous United States. Vaccine 2022; 40:5471-5482. [PMID: 35953322 PMCID: PMC9359480 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy has been identified as a major obstacle preventing comprehensive coverage against the COVID-19 pandemic. However, few studies have analyzed the association between ex-ante vaccine hesitancy and ex-post vaccination coverage. This study leveraged one-year county-level data across the contiguous United States to examine whether the prospective vaccine hesitancy eventually translates into differential vaccination rates, and whether vaccine hesitancy can explain socioeconomic, racial, and partisan disparities in vaccine uptake. A set of structural equation modeling was fitted with vaccine hesitancy and vaccination rate as endogenous variables, controlling for various potential confounders. The results demonstrated a significant negative link between vaccine hesitancy and vaccination rate, with the difference between the two continuously widening over time. Counties with higher socioeconomic statuses, more Asian and Hispanic populations, more elderly residents, greater health insurance coverage, and more Democrats presented lower vaccine hesitancy and higher vaccination rates. However, underlying determinants of vaccination coverage and vaccine hesitancy were divergent regarding their different associations with exogenous variables. Mediation analysis further demonstrated that indirect effects from exogenous variables to vaccination coverage via vaccine hesitancy only partially explained corresponding total effects, challenging the popular narrative that portrays vaccine hesitancy as a root cause of disparities in vaccination. Our study highlights the need of well-funded, targeted, and ongoing initiatives to reduce persisting vaccination inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songhua Hu
- Maryland Transportation Institute (MTI), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Chenfeng Xiong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, PA 19085, USA.
| | - Qingchen Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, PA 19085, USA
| | - Zitong Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, PA 19085, USA
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Department of Planning, Chengdu Institute of Planning & Design, Chengdu, China
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228
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Factors Affecting Perceived Effectiveness of Government Response towards COVID-19 Vaccination in Occidental Mindoro, Philippines. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10081483. [PMID: 36011139 PMCID: PMC9407988 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10081483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused several developing countries to fall behind on vaccination at the onset of the pandemic, thus affecting the mobility of easing restrictions and lowering virus transmission. The current study integrated the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and extended the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to evaluate factors affecting the perceived effectiveness of government response towards COVID-19 vaccination in Occidental Mindoro. A total of 400 respondents from the municipalities of Occidental Mindoro answered the online questionnaires, which contained 61 questions. This study outlined the relationship between the dependent and independent variables using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicated that knowledge of COVID-19 vaccination had significant direct effects on its perceived severity. Subjective standards had significant adverse effects on willingness to follow. In addition, perceived behavioral control was discovered to impact willingness to follow positively. It also showed that perceived government response was significantly affected by adaptive behavior and actual behavior regarding the perceived government response. Meanwhile, it was found that the perceived government response had significant effects on perceived effectiveness. The current study is one of the first to study the factors that affect the perceived effectiveness of government response toward COVID- 19 vaccination.
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229
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Attitudes toward Receiving COVID-19 Booster Dose in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region: A Cross-Sectional Study of 3041 Fully Vaccinated Participants. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081270. [PMID: 36016158 PMCID: PMC9414713 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccines are crucial to control the pandemic and avoid COVID-19 severe infections. The rapid evolution of COVID-19 variants such as B.1.1.529 is alarming, especially with the gradual decrease in serum antibody levels in vaccinated individuals. Middle Eastern countries were less likely to accept the initial doses of vaccines. This study was directed to determine COVID-19 vaccine booster acceptance and its associated factors in the general population in the MENA region to attain public herd immunity. We conducted an online survey in five countries (Egypt, Iraq, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, and Sudan) in November and December 2021. The questionnaire included self-reported information about the vaccine type, side effects, fear level, and several demographic factors. Kruskal−Wallis ANOVA was used to associate the fear level with the type of COVID-19 vaccine. Logistic regression was performed to confirm the results and reported as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals. The final analysis included 3041 fully vaccinated participants. Overall, 60.2% of the respondents reported willingness to receive the COVID-19 booster dose, while 20.4% were hesitant. Safety uncertainties and opinions that the booster dose is not necessary were the primary reasons for refusing the booster dose. The willingness to receive the booster dose was in a triangular relationship with the side effects of first and second doses and the fear (p < 0.0001). Females, individuals with normal body mass index, history of COVID-19 infection, and influenza-unvaccinated individuals were significantly associated with declining the booster dose. Higher fear levels were observed in females, rural citizens, and chronic and immunosuppressed patients. Our results suggest that vaccine hesitancy and fear in several highlighted groups continue to be challenges for healthcare providers, necessitating public health intervention, prioritizing the need for targeted awareness campaigns, and facilitating the spread of evidence-based scientific communication.
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Jeon YJ, Lee Y, Yang JS, Park YS, Jung SJ. Physical and mental health characteristics related to trust in and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccination: results from a Korean community-based longitudinal study. Epidemiol Health 2022; 44:e2022064. [PMID: 35940179 PMCID: PMC9943634 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2022064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore factors affecting attitudes toward coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, including socio-demographic characteristics and mental health status during the pandemic. METHODS This study analyzed responses from 1,768 participants who were originally included in a community cohort study and responded to 3 online surveys related to COVID-19 (March 2020 to March 2021). The k-means method was used to cluster trust in and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccination. Baseline (2013-2018) socio-demographic characteristics, physical health status, and depressive symptoms were analyzed as exposure variables, and current mental health status was included in the analyses. RESULTS Almost half of all participants were classified into the moderate trust and high intention cluster (n=838, 47.4%); those with high trust and high intention accounted only for 16.9%. They tended to be older, had high-income levels, and engaged in regular physical activity at baseline (p<0.05), and their sleep quality and psychological resilience were relatively high compared to other groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that more efforts are required to enhance the perceived need for and trust in COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Jin Jeon
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngrong Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Su Yang
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Su Park
- Department of Health Studies, Haverford College, Haverford, PA, USA
| | - Sun Jae Jung
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea,Correspondence: Sun Jae Jung Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea E-mail:
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Qasrawi H, Abdullah I, Masri H, Maraqa B, Mohammad A, Qub L, Alkarajeh M, Dweik M, Atabeh S, Jalamneh T, Alajrami Y, Nazzal Z. Perceived barriers to Palestinian pregnant women’s acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination using the Health Believe Model: a cross-sectional study. Women Health 2022; 62:678-687. [DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2022.2108194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hala Qasrawi
- Radiology department, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ibtesam Abdullah
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Hadeel Masri
- Women’s Health & Development Unit, Ministry of Health, Ramallah, Palestine
| | - Beesan Maraqa
- Family Medicine department,Family & Public Health, Ministry of Health, Ramallah, Palestine
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebron University, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Mohammad
- Thabet Thabet governmental hospital, Ministry of Health, Tulkarem, Palestine
| | - Lama Qub
- Thabet Thabet governmental hospital, Ministry of Health, Tulkarem, Palestine
| | | | - Mohammad Dweik
- Hebron governmental hospital, Ministry of Health, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Salam Atabeh
- Rafedia Surgical hospital, Ministry of Health, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Tala Jalamneh
- Jenin governmental hospital, Ministry of Health, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Yara Alajrami
- Palestine Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Ramallah, Palestine
| | - Zaher Nazzal
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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Garcia L, Firek A, Freund D, Massai D, Khurana D, Lee JE, Zamarripa S, Sasaninia B, Michaels K, Nightingale J, Gatto NM. Decisions to Choose COVID-19 Vaccination by Health Care Workers in a Southern California Safety Net Medical Center Vary by Sociodemographic Factors. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1247. [PMID: 36016135 PMCID: PMC9412623 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited information exists regarding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers (HCWs). Our previous survey analyzed the reasons for HCWs' decisions to accept vaccination, suggesting that a "one-size fits all" approach may not suffice to increase vaccine uptake. METHODS Based on the vaccination acceptance group (acceptor, hesitant, refuser), we examined differences by sociodemographic factors (race/ethnicity, household income, education) from Likert Scale responses to fourteen influences affecting a decision to be vaccinated using the Kruskal-Wallis test and multinomial logistic regression with mutual adjustment for these sociodemographic factors, age, and sex. RESULTS Non-Hispanic White vaccine acceptors ranked lower confidence in preventing, withstanding, or treating COVID-19, while Non-Hispanic Blacks more highly regarded the motivation of a religious leader, colleague, or family member. Social media was ranked more influential among Non-Hispanic Asians. Acceptors with lower incomes ranked a job requirement influential; conversely, higher income vaccine hesitant HCWs highly rated this reason. More highly educated acceptors ranked being motivated by colleagues, family, and other HCWs higher. Adjustment weakened some but not all the differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS Sociodemographic factors affect HCWs' decisions to be vaccinated against COVID-19. Our findings may help develop more focused and tailored strategies to improve vaccination acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Garcia
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, USA; (L.G.); (D.F.); (D.M.)
| | - Anthony Firek
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
| | - Deborah Freund
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, USA; (L.G.); (D.F.); (D.M.)
- Department of Economic Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, USA;
| | - Donatella Massai
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, USA; (L.G.); (D.F.); (D.M.)
| | - Dhruv Khurana
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
- Division of Addiction Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jerusha E. Lee
- Department of Economic Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, USA;
| | - Susanna Zamarripa
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
| | - Bijan Sasaninia
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
| | - Kelsey Michaels
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
| | - Judi Nightingale
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
| | - Nicole M. Gatto
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, 24951 Circle Dr, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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Strengthened belief in vaccine effectiveness predicted increased COVID-19 vaccination intention and behaviour: Results from a nationally representative longitudinal survey of U.S. adults from July 2020 to April/May 2021. Vaccine 2022; 40:6035-6041. [PMID: 36088194 PMCID: PMC9449782 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy remains a major barrier to ending the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (U.S.) and an important target for communication interventions. Using longitudinal survey data, we examined whether baseline levels and changes in beliefs about the COVID-19 vaccines predicted change in vaccination intention/behaviour. Repeated measures were collected from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults (n = 665) in July 2020 and April/June 2021. Linear regressions associated change in COVID-19 vaccination intention/behaviour with changes in beliefs about the COVID-19 vaccines’ safety, effectiveness in protecting others from infection, and effectiveness in protecting oneself from infection. Changes in beliefs from T1 to T2 were significantly associated with change in vaccination outcomes for all belief types (safety B = 0.39, SE = 0.07; effectiveness for self B = 0.38, SE = 0.09; effectiveness for others B = 0.43, SE = 0.07). Cross-lagged models suggested a reciprocal causal relationship between pro-vaccine beliefs and vaccination intention/behaviour: Intention to get vaccinated at T1 predicted strengthened safety and effectiveness beliefs at T2. T1 effectiveness beliefs predicted T2 vaccination intention/behaviour, though T1 safety beliefs did not. Communication interventions highlighting the protective benefits of COVID-19 vaccines may be particularly successful in reducing vaccine hesitancy.
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Rayhan MA, Mudatsir M, Nurjannah N, Ichsan I, Amir-Behghadami M, Khader YS, Koyanagi A, Sah R, Viveiros-Rosa SG, Mamun MA, Lemu YK, Bouchra A, Linguissi LSG, Ikram A, Sallam DE, Parperis K, Wollina U, Rademaker M, Vento S, Usman S. Acceptance and willingness to purchase a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine in a region under Shariah law: A cross-sectional study in Aceh, Indonesia. NARRA J 2022; 2:e85. [PMID: 38449698 PMCID: PMC10914119 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v2i2.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines are urgently needed to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of this study was to determine the acceptance of and willingness to purchase a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine in the general population of Aceh, a holistic Shariah law implementation province in Indonesia. An online cross-sectional study was conducted using a quota sampling technique between 1 to 24 September 2021. To determine hypothetical vaccine acceptance, respondents were asked if they were willing to accept vaccines with combinations of either 50% or 95% effectiveness and either 5% or 20% risk of adverse effects. Willingness to purchase was assessed by asking whether the participants would pay for such vaccines at certain price points. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the associated determinants. Out of 377 respondents included in the final analysis, 86.5% were willing to accept a COVID-19 vaccine with 95% effectiveness and 5% adverse effects. The acceptance rate dropped to 45.1% if the risk of adverse effects was 20%. Vaccines with 50% effectiveness and 5% adverse effects were acceptable to 42.2% but the acceptance went down to 17.2% if the risk of adverse effects increased to 20%. Multivariate analysis found that men were twice as likely to accept a vaccine with 95% effectiveness and 5% adverse effects compared to females (aOR: 2.01; 95% CI 1.05-3.86). We found that 156/377 (41.3%) of respondents were willing to purchase a COVID-19 vaccine and of these participants 71.1% were willing to pay between Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) 50,000-150,000 (US$ 3.33-10.00). In conclusion, the acceptance rate of a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine varied based on effectiveness and the risk of adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mudatsir Mudatsir
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Nurjannah Nurjannah
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Ichsan Ichsan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMR), Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Mehrdad Amir-Behghadami
- Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Department of Health Service Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, ICREA, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ranjit Sah
- Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Sandro G. Viveiros-Rosa
- Pharmacy Division, Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mohammed A. Mamun
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Yohannes K. Lemu
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Ethiopia
| | | | - Laure SG. Linguissi
- Institut National de Recherche en Science de la Santé, Brazzaville, Republique of Congo
| | - Aamer Ikram
- National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Dina E. Sallam
- Pediatrics and Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Konstantinos Parperis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cyprus Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Uwe Wollina
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Sandro Vento
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Said Usman
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Opt-out policy and its improvements promote COVID-19 vaccinations. Soc Sci Med 2022; 307:115120. [PMID: 35792410 PMCID: PMC9217684 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Rationale Vaccination uptake is a major strategy to prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2 and curb the transmission of COVID-19. However, many people remain unwilling to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Objective Using default nudges, the present study examines (a) whether opt-out policy and its improvements could increase intention and attitude to get vaccinated and (b) whether these default effects differ across diverse risk-perception groups. Method An online experiment with 1926 unvaccinated Chinese respondents was conducted in February 2021. We measured willingness to be vaccinated after informing opt-in policy, standard opt-out policy, and its five improvements (opt-out education, opt-out opportunity, opt-out social norm, opt-out feedback, and opt-out opportunity). Risk perception of the pandemic of COVID-19 and vaccination were also measured. Results (a) Opt-out policy and its improvement (except the opt-out transparency) increased intentions to be vaccinated. Policies with a vaccination default did not weaken people's attitude toward policy and policymakers compared with the opt-in policy, but participants in the transparent improvement group reported lower freedom of choice than those in the opt-out group. (b) Further latent profile analysis revealed four classes underlying risk perception: risk exaggerators, risk deniers, disease-specific risk perceivers, and vaccine-specific risk perceivers. But there was no conclusive evidence that the effect of risk perception differs as a function of defaults. Conclusions These findings provide new psychological evidence for formulating more targeted vaccination policies and highlight the importance of risk perception to understand vaccination intentions.
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McGarry BE, Gandhi AD, Syme M, Berry SD, White EM, Grabowski DC. Association of State COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates With Staff Vaccination Coverage and Staffing Shortages in US Nursing Homes. JAMA HEALTH FORUM 2022; 3:e222363. [PMID: 35983581 PMCID: PMC9338409 DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.2363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Question Are state COVID-19 vaccine mandates for US nursing home employees associated with staff vaccination coverage and reported staff shortages? Findings This cohort study of nursing homes in 38 states found that states with a vaccine mandate experienced an increase in staff vaccination coverage compared with facilities in states with no mandate and no worsening of reported staffing shortages following the mandates. Meaning These findings suggest that given the waning vaccine-induced immunity and low booster dose coverage among nursing home staff in many parts of the US, state mandates for booster doses may be warranted to improve and sustain vaccination coverage in nursing homes. Importance Several states implemented COVID-19 vaccine mandates for nursing home employees, which may have improved vaccine coverage but may have had the unintended consequence of staff departures. Objective To assess whether state vaccine mandates for US nursing home employees are associated with staff vaccination rates and reported staff shortages. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study performed event study analyses using National Healthcare Safety Network data from June 6, 2021, through November 14, 2021. Changes in weekly staff vaccination rates and reported staffing shortages were evaluated for nursing homes in states with mandates after the mandate announcement compared with changes in facilities in nonmandate states. An interaction between the mandates and county political leaning was considered. Data analysis was performed from February to March 2022. Exposures Weeks after announcement of a state’s COVID-19 vaccine mandate. Main Outcomes and Measures Weekly percentage of all health care staff at a nursing home who received at least 1 COVID-19 vaccine dose, and a weekly indicator of whether a nursing home reported a staffing shortage. Results Among 38 study-eligible states, 26 had no COVID-19 vaccine mandate for nursing home employees, 4 had a mandate with a test-out option, and 8 had a mandate with no test-out option. Ten weeks or more after mandate announcement, nursing homes in states with a mandate and no test-out option experienced a 6.9 percentage point (pp) increase in staff vaccination coverage (95% CI, −0.1 to 13.9); nursing homes in mandate states with a test-out option experienced a 3.1 pp increase (95% CI, 0.5 to 5.7) compared with facilities in nonmandate states. No significant increases were detected in the frequency of reported staffing shortages after a mandate announcement in mandate states with or without test-out options. Increases in vaccination rates in states with mandates were larger in Republican-leaning counties (14.3 pp if no test-out option; 4.3 pp with option), and there was no evidence of increased staffing shortages. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this cohort study suggest that state-level vaccine mandates were associated with increased staff vaccination coverage without increases in reported staffing shortages. Vaccination increases were largest when mandates had no test-out option and were also larger in Republican-leaning counties, which had lower mean baseline vaccination rates. These findings support the use of state mandates for booster doses for nursing home employees because they may improve vaccine coverage, even in areas with greater vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E. McGarry
- Division of Geriatrics and Aging, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Ashvin D. Gandhi
- Anderson School of Management, University of California Los Angeles
| | - Maggie Syme
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah D. Berry
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth M. White
- Department of Health Services, Policy & Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - David C. Grabowski
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Morbée S, Waterschoot J, Yzerbyt V, Klein O, Luminet O, Schmitz M, Van den Bergh O, Van Oost P, De Craene S, Vansteenkiste M. Personal and contextual determinants of COVID-19 vaccination intention: a vignette study. Expert Rev Vaccines 2022; 21:1475-1485. [PMID: 35876102 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2105212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This vignette study explores which factors contribute to higher COVID-19 vaccination intentions. METHODS Between the 4th-11 January 2021, we recruited 15,901 Belgian citizens (Mage = 50.11 years, range 18-100) through convenience sampling to participate in a vignette study. In each vignette, we manipulated contextual determinants consisting of different factors. Each participant rated six vignettes in terms of the outcomes 'vaccination intention' and 'recommendation to others.' Finally, we explored the benefits of tailored communication by examining whether these ratings depended upon citizens' initial motives for vaccination. RESULTS Participants are most likely to accept a vaccine when they expect no or only small side effects, when the vaccine offers a 95% protection, and when people can no longer infect others (p < 0.001). The possibility to receive the vaccine at home or at the GP's office, highlighting that most citizens are willing to get vaccinated, and emphasizing the protective benefits for others yielded additional positive effects (p < 0.001). Results showed that tailored communication has a small but significant effect, especially for individuals high on distrust-based amotivation (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION In addition to vaccine characteristics, there is room for policymakers to respond to those determinants that fall under their control and can thus be highlighted within communication campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Morbée
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joachim Waterschoot
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vincent Yzerbyt
- Institute for Research in Psychological Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Olivier Klein
- Faculty of Psychological Sciences and Education, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Luminet
- Institute for Research in Psychological Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Mathias Schmitz
- Institute for Research in Psychological Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Pascaline Van Oost
- Institute for Research in Psychological Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Silke De Craene
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maarten Vansteenkiste
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Lee HW, Leng CH, Chan TC. Determinants of personal vaccination hesitancy before and after the mid-2021 COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270349. [PMID: 35905098 PMCID: PMC9337646 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Using a 10 week nationwide online survey performed during a time period containing the time ahead, the start, and the peak of a COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan, we investigated aspects that could affect participants’ vaccination intentions.
Methods
From March to May 2021, we surveyed 1,773 people in Taiwan, aged from 20 to 75 years, to determine potential acceptance rates and factors influencing the acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine. We used an ordinal logistic regression with a backward selection method to identify factors that affected vaccination intention.
Results
Several factors could increase individuals’ vaccination intentions including: being male, older, with an openness personality, having a better quality of life in the physical health domain, having better knowledge and personal health behavior, having more trust in the government, and being worried about misinformation. Perceived risks played a crucial role in the vaccine decision-making process. When the pandemic intensified, people’s vaccination intentions increased significantly.
Conclusion
The findings of the present study could highlight individuals’ vaccination attitudes and provide governments with an empirical and dynamic base to design tailored strategies to increase vaccination rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Wei Lee
- Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Cheng-Han Leng
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chien Chan
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Perception of COVID-19 Booster Dose Vaccine among Healthcare Workers in India and Saudi Arabia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19158942. [PMID: 35897309 PMCID: PMC9332579 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 vaccines were made available to the public by the end of 2020. However, little is known about COVID-19 booster dose (CBD) vaccine perception among healthcare workers (HCW) worldwide. The present study aims to assess the perception of CBD vaccines among healthcare workers in India and Saudi Arabia (SA). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs in two countries, India and SA. Data were gathered through the use of a self-administered questionnaire. A convenience sampling technique was utilized to collect the data. Results: A total of 833 HCW responses were collected from the two countries, with 530 participants from India and 303 participants from SA responding to the questionnaire. Among them, 16% from India and 33% from SA were unwilling to take a CBD (p < 0.005). The primary reasons for not being willing were concerns about whether the vaccine would be effective (32%) and concerns about probable long-term side effects (31%). Concerns about not knowing enough about the vaccination (30%) and the possibility of long-term side effects (28%) were the primary concerns in SA. Regression analysis showed that males, urban residents, and post-graduates were more willing to take the CBD. Conclusion: There is a good perception of CBD and some hesitancy in receiving the booster dose among HCWs in both countries. The introduction of personalized education, risk communication, and deliberate policy could help to reduce the number of people who are unwilling to take a booster shot.
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Aynalem BY, Melesse MF, Zeleke LB. COVID-19 vaccine acceptability and determinants among pregnant mothers attending antenatal care services at Debre Markos town public health institutions, Debre Markos Northwest Ethiopia: mixed study. Pan Afr Med J 2022; 41:293. [PMID: 35855042 PMCID: PMC9250687 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.41.293.32618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction coronavirus is a communicable disease that produces severe morbidity and mortality in the globe and more than three million people died due to COVID-19. Pregnant mothers are at higher risk of COVID-19 viral infection, with great morbidity and mortality. Thus, the purpose of this research is to assess the level of COVID-19 vaccine acceptability, determinants, and hesitancy among pregnant mothers attending antenatal care at Debre Markos town, public health institutions, Debre Markos, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods a mixed study was conducted among 350 pregnant mothers attending antenatal care at Debre Markos town health institutions and the participants were selected by consecutive sampling techniques. The collected data were entered into EPI Info version 7 and then exported to SPSS version 25 for data cleaning and analysis. The level of COVID-19 vaccine acceptability was determined through descriptive statistics, whereas its determinants were identified by binary logistic regression analyses. Variables with p-value < 0.05 in multivariable were considered as significantly associated factors. The qualitative data were collected by an unstructured interviewer guide using in-depth interview data collection methods. Study participants were selected purposively until the required data was saturated. The data was analysed under selected themes based on the guide and summarized manually. Results sixty-five (18.5%) of the respondents accept the COVID-19 vaccine [95% CI: 13, 23]. Maternal age [AOR: 3.281 (95% CI: 1.184, 9.092)], chronic medical illness [AOR: 0.170 (95% CI: 0.051, .562)], information about COVID-19 vaccine [AOR: 4.063 (95% CI: 1.462, 11.293)], pregnancy-induced medical conditions [AOR: 4.131 (95% CI: 1.055, 16.183) were identified as significant determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptability. From the quantitative wing. The qualitative finding implied that misconception, fear of medical complications, lack of trust in its effectiveness, and religious constraints were the common reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Conclusion COVID-19 vaccine acceptability by pregnant mothers attending ANC at Debre Markos town public health institutions is very low. The health care providers and health extension workers shall create information about the COVID-19 vaccine on its importance and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liknaw Bewket Zeleke
- School of Women´s and Children´s Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Okai GA, Abekah-Nkrumah G. The level and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Ghana. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270768. [PMID: 35802742 PMCID: PMC9269973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
As part of the efforts to curb the COVID-19 pandemic, the government of Ghana has received several shipments of approved vaccines, and administration has begun in the country. Studies examining the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Ghana were mostly conducted before the vaccination exercise. Vaccine acceptance decisions however vary with time and hence, peoples’ decisions may have changed once vaccines became accessible. This study examines the level and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among adult Ghanaians during the vaccination exercise.
Methods
The study was a cross-sectional online survey involving Ghanaian adults (18 years and above) eligible to take the COVID-19 vaccine. The study was conducted from 18th May 2021 to 14th July 2021 and the questionnaire was answered by 362 respondents. Snowball sampling technique was utilized to obtain the respondents. Probit regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.
Key findings
Only 62.7% of the respondents indicated that they will accept the COVID-19 vaccine if provided. The regression results revealed that the decision to accept the COVID-19 vaccine was influenced by occupation, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits and attitudes towards the vaccines.
Conclusion
The findings suggest that government must implement strategies to enhance positive attitudes toward vaccines, increase the risk perception of contracting the virus and also educate the populace about the benefits of the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Adjei Okai
- Department of Public Administration and Health Services Management, University of Ghana Business School, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Gordon Abekah-Nkrumah
- Department of Public Administration and Health Services Management, University of Ghana Business School, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- * E-mail:
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Goel K, Sen A, Goel P, Satapathy P, Jain L, Vij J, Patro BK, Kar SS, Chakrapani V, Singh R, Pala S, Sankhe L, Modi B, Bali S, Rustagi N, Nadda A, Rajagopal V, Kiran T, Aggarwal AK, Gupta M, Padhi BK. Community health workers willingness to participate in COVID-19 vaccine trials and intention to vaccinate: A cross-sectional survey in India. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2022; 17:101113. [PMID: 35935532 PMCID: PMC9338829 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccine hesitancy is of considerable concern as it threatens the great potential of a vaccine against COVID-19. This study aims to determine factors associated with community health workers’ willingness to participate in clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccine, and their vaccination intention, in India. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 377 community health workers using self-administered anonymous questionnaire during the lockdown periods in India. Participant's socio-demographics, willingness-to-participate in COVID-19 vaccine trials, intention to accept COVID-19 vaccine were recorded in a Likert scale. Data were analysed descriptively, and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate factors associated with willingness to participate and accept the vaccine. Results Among 377 CHWs, 70 (19%) intended to participate in COVID-19 vaccine trial, 151 (40%) responded positively regarding their intention to get vaccinated. Those with knowledge on development of COVID-19 vaccine [aOR 3.05 (95% CI: 1.18–7.88), p = 0.021], and men [aOR 3.69 (95% CI: 1.51–8.97), p = 0.004] were more willing to participate in clinical-trial, while an undergraduate degree, and trust in domestic vaccines were identified as deterrents for the same. Perceiving COVID-19 as risk [aOR 2.31 (95% CI: 1.24–4.31), p = 0.009], and male gender [aOR 2.39 (95% CI: 1.17–4.88), p = 0.017] were factors associated with intention to get vaccinated. Respondents who had knowledge about COVID-19 virus were less likely to uptake the hypothetical vaccine [aOR 0.32 (95% CI: 0.12–0.88), p = 0.027]. Conclusions Increasing knowledge regarding COVID-19 is not enough to improve vaccine acceptance rates. Targeted interventions addressing socio-demographic determinants related to COVID-19 vaccination should help improve acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Goel
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Arunima Sen
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Parul Goel
- Department of Biochemistry, Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee Government Medical College Chhainsa, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Prakasini Satapathy
- Department of Public Health, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Regional Virus Research & Diagnostic Lab, Department of Virology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160 012, India
| | - Lovely Jain
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Jatina Vij
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Binod Kumar Patro
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sitanshu Sekhar Kar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India
| | | | - Ritesh Singh
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Star Pala
- Department of Community Medicine, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health & Medical Sciences, (NEIGRIHMS), Mawdiangdiang, Shillong, 793018, Meghalaya, India
| | - Lalit Sankhe
- Grant Medical College & JJ Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhavesh Modi
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, India
| | - Surya Bali
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences(AIIMS), Bhopal, MP, 462024, India
| | - Neeti Rustagi
- Department of Community Medicine & Family Medicine, AIIMS, Jodhpur, 342005, India
| | - Anuradha Nadda
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr B R Ambedkar Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Vineeth Rajagopal
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Tanvi Kiran
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Arun Kumar Aggarwal
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Bijaya Kumar Padhi
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Ma Z, Ma R. Predicting Intentions to Vaccinate against COVID-19 and Seasonal Flu: The Role of Consideration of Future and Immediate Consequences. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022; 37:952-961. [PMID: 33541140 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2021.1877913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the social-psychological determinants of the public's perceptions and intentions related to vaccination is key to promoting vaccination. The current study examines how individual differences in consideration of future and immediate consequences (CFC-F and CFC-I) impact risk perceptions of, and intentions to vaccinate against, COVID-19 and seasonal flu. A survey of 395 adults on Amazon Mechanical Turk during April and May of 2020 showed that CFC-F predicted vaccination intentions, whereas CFC-I did not. Moreover, CFC-F and CFC-I positively predicted affective risk perceptions, perceived susceptibility, and perceived severity of both COVID-19 and seasonal flu. Last, both CFC constructs had a positive indirect effect on vaccination intentions of COVID-19 and seasonal flu through increasing perceived severity of the corresponding disease. This study makes theoretical contributions to the CFC literature and offers valuable insights for the design of effective vaccine promotion messages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexin Ma
- Department of Communication, Journalism, and Public Relations, Oakland University
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Communication and Media Studies, College of Communication, Butler University
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Yu Y, Lau JT, Lau MM, Wong MC, Chan PK. Understanding the Prevalence and Associated Factors of Behavioral Intention of COVID-19 Vaccination Under Specific Scenarios Combining Effectiveness, Safety, and Cost in the Hong Kong Chinese General Population. Int J Health Policy Manag 2022; 11:1090-1101. [PMID: 33619928 PMCID: PMC9808181 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2021.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is very critical in controlling COVID-19. This study mainly aimed to (1) investigate behavioral intentions of COVID-19 vaccination under various specific scenarios, and (2) associated factors of the afore-mentioned vaccination intentions. METHODS A random anonymous telephone survey interviewed 450 Chinese adults from September 16-30, 2020 in Hong Kong, China. Nine scenarios of behavioral intentions of COVID-19 vaccinations were measured combining effectiveness (80% versus 50%), safety (rare versus common mild side effect), and cost (free versus HK$ 500). RESULTS The prevalence of behavioral intentions of COVID-19 vaccination under the 9 specific scenarios was very low and varied greatly (4.2% to 38.0%). The prospective countries of manufacture also influenced vaccination intention (eg, Japan: 55.8% vs China: 31.1%). Only 13.1% intended to take up COVID-19 vaccination at the soonest upon its availability. The attributes of effectiveness and side effect influenced vaccination intention most. Positively associated factors of behavioral intentions of COVID-19 vaccination included trust/satisfaction toward the government, exposure to positive social media information about COVID-19 vaccines, descriptive norms, perceived impact on the pandemic, perceived duration of protectiveness, and life satisfaction. CONCLUSION Intention of COVID-19 vaccination was low in the Hong Kong general population, especially among younger people, females, and single people. Health promotion is warranted to enhance the intention. The significant factors identified in this study may be considered when designing such health promotion. Future research is required to confirm the findings in other countries. Such studies should pay attention to the specific context of cost, safety, and effectiveness, which would lead to different responses in the level of behavioral intention of COVID-19 vaccination (BICV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Yu
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joseph T.F. Lau
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mason M.C. Lau
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Martin C.S. Wong
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul K.S. Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Nishimi K, Borsari B, Tripp P, Jiha A, Dolsen EA, Woolley JD, Neylan TC, O'Donovan A. Prior trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 151:399-404. [PMID: 35588548 PMCID: PMC9096691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding correlates of COVID-19 vaccine intentions is critical for increasing vaccine uptake. Given associations of trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with alterations in threat sensitivity and health behaviors, we hypothesized they could influence COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy and be important variables to consider in the design of vaccination campaigns. Data came from a longitudinal online study of 544 US adults with high levels of pre-pandemic trauma and PTSD, assessed in August/September 2020 and March/April 2021. Individuals reported socio-demographic factors, pandemic factors, lifetime trauma history and PTSD symptoms, and COVID-19 vaccinations or intentions. We estimated bivariate associations between socio-demographics, pandemic factors, and trauma and PTSD symptoms at baseline and follow-up with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance versus hesitancy (i.e., vaccinated against COVID-19 or willing to get vaccinated versus unsure or unwilling to get vaccinated) six months later. Multiple socio-demographics (e.g., race/ethnicity, income, education, political preference) and pandemic factors (e.g., perceived likelihood of infection, household COVID-19 infection) were associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (27.2% were hesitant). However, trauma history, PTSD symptoms, and other mental health factors were not associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance versus hesitancy. Socio-demographic and pandemic-related factors appear more important than trauma or mental health for understanding COVID-19 vaccine intentions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Nishimi
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| | - Brian Borsari
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Paige Tripp
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Ahmad Jiha
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Emily A. Dolsen
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Joshua D. Woolley
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Thomas C. Neylan
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Aoife O'Donovan
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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Karam MM, Baki JA, Al-Hajje A, Sraj M, Awada S, Salameh P, Ajrouche R. Willingness to Pay for a Coronavirus Vaccine and Its Associated Determinants in Lebanon. Value Health Reg Issues 2022; 30:18-25. [PMID: 35033800 PMCID: PMC8757721 DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the willingness to pay (WTP) for a hypothetical vaccine and its associated determinants among the Lebanese general population during one of the peak episodes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Lebanon. METHODS An online survey was developed and delivered to the Lebanese general population. The questionnaire included the participants' sociodemographic characteristics, financial situation, attitude toward vaccination, and WTP for the hypothetical vaccine. The study was based on the contingent valuation method. RESULTS Among 500 individuals solicited, 352 individuals agreed to participate (participation rate = 70.4%); among them, 66% were between 18 and 45 years old, and 54% were women. Notably, 78.1% of the respondents were ready to pay for this hypothetical vaccine even if the vaccine will not be covered. The maximum WTP of the Lebanese population was approximately $60 ± $66 (range $3-$500) after excluding extreme values in the sensitivity analysis and ranged between $3 and $500. WTP was associated with the severity of COVID-19 (P<.001), the education level (P=.001), and the place to live during the lockdown (P=.045). There was an association between family income and WTP (P=.004) with a weak correlation. CONCLUSIONS The WTP was comparable with other studies and highly associated with the level of education, the household income, living in the city during the lockdown, and the perceived severity of COVID-19. These findings can help in understanding COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and WTP in Lebanon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Michelle Karam
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jwana Abdel Baki
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Amal Al-Hajje
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mariam Sraj
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sanaa Awada
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology - Lebanon (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Roula Ajrouche
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon,Correspondence: Roula Ajrouche, PharmD, PhD, Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Teitler-Regev S, Hon-Snir S. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Israel Immediately Before the Vaccine Operation. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2022; 95:199-205. [PMID: 35782475 PMCID: PMC9235256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of a vaccine for COVID-19 presented hope for a way out of the global crisis caused by the virus. However, a potential barrier may be vaccine hesitancy, and identifying the factors that affect it is critical, especially concerning a new vaccine technology. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors that effects vaccine hesitancy by using a holistic view. The data were collected from 504 people in December 2020, 3 days before the vaccine operation started in Israel. The analysis included three categories of determinants: (1) contextual influences; (2) health records; and (3) perceived health attitudes. The results indicate that different sets of variables affect willingness to accept the vaccine among the whole spectrum of the vaccine-hesitant and the undecided subsample. In the full sample, gender, age, income, influenza vaccine, perceived trust, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers affected vaccine acceptance. The perceived level of suffering from COVID-19 was associated with willingness to vaccinate, and when religious beliefs increased, the intention to vaccinate decreased. For the undecided subsample, the factors included gender, influenza vaccine, trust in the vaccine company, and perceived vaccine benefits and barriers. The results suggest that efforts of governments and health institutions should focus on women and highlight the vaccine as an opportunity to "go back to normal" without worries. Those results will help implement vaccine strategy in the following cases: if infant vaccination is pursued and if emergency vaccines or new vaccine technologies emerge for another pandemic as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Teitler-Regev
- To whom all correspondence should be addressed:
Dr. Sharon Teitler-Regev, Department of Economics and Management, Yezreel Valley
College, Israel 972-54-3176758; ; ORCID
iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5288-0458
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Galvani AP, Parpia AS, Pandey A, Sah P, Colón K, Friedman G, Campbell T, Kahn JG, Singer BH, Fitzpatrick MC. Universal healthcare as pandemic preparedness: The lives and costs that could have been saved during the COVID-19 pandemic. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200536119. [PMID: 35696578 PMCID: PMC9231482 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200536119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The fragmented and inefficient healthcare system in the United States leads to many preventable deaths and unnecessary costs every year. During a pandemic, the lives saved and economic benefits of a single-payer universal healthcare system relative to the status quo would be even greater. For Americans who are uninsured and underinsured, financial barriers to COVID-19 care delayed diagnosis and exacerbated transmission. Concurrently, deaths beyond COVID-19 accrued from the background rate of uninsurance. Universal healthcare would alleviate the mortality caused by the confluence of these factors. To evaluate the repercussions of incomplete insurance coverage in 2020, we calculated the elevated mortality attributable to the loss of employer-sponsored insurance and to background rates of uninsurance, summing with the increased COVID-19 mortality due to low insurance coverage. Incorporating the demography of the uninsured with age-specific COVID-19 and nonpandemic mortality, we estimated that a single-payer universal healthcare system would have saved about 212,000 lives in 2020 alone. We also calculated that US$105.6 billion of medical expenses associated with COVID-19 hospitalization could have been averted by a single-payer universal healthcare system over the course of the pandemic. These economic benefits are in addition to US$438 billion expected to be saved by single-payer universal healthcare during a nonpandemic year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison P. Galvani
- aCenter for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510
- 1To whom correspondence may be addressed. or
| | - Alyssa S. Parpia
- aCenter for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Abhishek Pandey
- aCenter for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Pratha Sah
- aCenter for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Kenneth Colón
- aCenter for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510
- bMaxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244
| | - Gerald Friedman
- cDepartment of Economics, College of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01002
| | - Travis Campbell
- cDepartment of Economics, College of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01002
| | - James G. Kahn
- dInstitute for Health Policy Studies, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94118
| | - Burton H. Singer
- eEmerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
- 1To whom correspondence may be addressed. or
| | - Meagan C. Fitzpatrick
- aCenter for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510
- fCenter for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
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Behavioral Intention and Its Predictors toward COVID-19 Booster Vaccination among Chinese Parents: Applying Two Behavioral Theories. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127520. [PMID: 35742770 PMCID: PMC9224228 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The booster vaccination of COVID-19 is being implemented in most parts of the world. This study used behavioral psychology to investigate the predictors of parents' intentions regarding the COVID-19 booster vaccination for their children. This is a cross-sectional study with a self-designed questionnaire based on two behavioral theories-protective motivation theory (PMT) and theory of planned behavior (TPB). A stratified multi-stage sampling procedure was conducted in Nanjing, China, and multivariable regression analyses were applied to examine the parents' intentions. The intention rate was 87.3%. The response efficacy (ORa = 2.238, 95% CI: 1.360-3.682) and response cost (ORa = 0.484, 95% CI: 0.319-0.732) in the PMT, were significant psychological predictors of parents' intentions, and so were the attitude (ORa = 2.619, 95% CI: 1.480-4.636) and behavioral control (ORa = 3.743, 95% CI: 2.165-6.471) in the TPB. The findings of crucial independent predictors in the PMT and TPB constructs inform the evidence-based formulation and implementation of strategies for booster vaccination in children.
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Zhang Q, Shi Y, English AS. COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in the Context of the First Delta Outbreak in China During the Early Summer of 2021: The Role of Geographical Distance and Vaccine Talk. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2022; 15:1203-1214. [PMID: 35711278 PMCID: PMC9196912 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s361024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Vaccination is essential to control the prevalence of COVID-19. However, vaccine hesitancy has been a major issue globally. Some studies have suggested that community outbreaks might boost vaccine uptake. Consistent with that idea, vaccination rates increased dramatically during the first outbreak of the COVID-19 Delta variant in Guangdong, China, in June 2021. Based on the risk perception attitude theory, this study attempted to explore the joint effect of geographical distance to the outbreak and the frequency of talking about the COVID-19 vaccine (vaccine talk) on people’s COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Methods An anonymous self-report online questionnaire was completed by citizens living in Guangdong Province, China, from June 6 to 11, 2021, during the Delta variant outbreak in that region. The relationship between COVID-19 vaccine uptake, geographical distance to the epicenter of the outbreak, and vaccine talk was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results Data from 350 respondents were included in the final analysis. Results showed a negative association between geographical distance and COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Furthermore, the relationship was moderated by vaccine talk. Specifically, when individuals infrequently discussed vaccine talk with others, close distance to the epicenter of the outbreak served as a motivator for getting vaccinated, whereas for people who frequently discussed the vaccine, geographical distance might have played less of a role in motivating them to get vaccinated. Conclusion This research highlights the joint effect of geographical distance to the outbreak of COVID-19 and vaccine talk in COVID-19 vaccine uptake. While the findings may only be a starting point for launching a public health awareness campaign, encouraging people to engage in more conversations about vaccines may be a promising solution for future health emergencies, especially among people far from the outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qionghan Zhang
- School of Business Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Shi
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Alexander Scott English
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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