201
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Challenges and recent advances in mass spectrometric imaging of neurotransmitters. Bioanalysis 2014; 6:525-40. [PMID: 24568355 DOI: 10.4155/bio.13.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) is a powerful tool that grants the ability to investigate a broad mass range of molecules, from small molecules to large proteins, by creating detailed distribution maps of selected compounds. To date, MSI has demonstrated its versatility in the study of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides of different classes toward investigation of neurobiological functions and diseases. These studies have provided significant insight in neurobiology over the years and current technical advances are facilitating further improvements in this field. Herein, we briefly review new MSI studies of neurotransmitters, focusing specifically on the challenges and recent advances of MSI of neurotransmitters.
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202
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Gemperline E, Rawson S, Li L. Optimization and comparison of multiple MALDI matrix application methods for small molecule mass spectrometric imaging. Anal Chem 2014; 86:10030-5. [PMID: 25331774 PMCID: PMC4204912 DOI: 10.1021/ac5028534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The matrix application technique is critical to the success of a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) experiment. This work presents a systematic study aiming to evaluate three different matrix application techniques for MALDI mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) of endogenous metabolites from legume plant, Medicago truncatula, root nodules. Airbrush, automatic sprayer, and sublimation matrix application methods were optimized individually for detection of metabolites in the positive ionization mode exploiting the two most widely used MALDI matrices, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) and α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA). Analytical reproducibility and analyte diffusion were examined and compared side-by-side for each method. When using DHB, the optimized method developed for the automatic matrix sprayer system resulted in approximately double the number of metabolites detected when compared to sublimation and airbrush. The automatic sprayer method also showed more reproducible results and less analyte diffusion than the airbrush method. Sublimation matrix deposition yielded high spatial resolution and reproducibility but fewer analytes in the higher m/z range (500-1000 m/z). When the samples were placed in a humidity chamber after sublimation, there was enhanced detection of higher mass metabolites but increased analyte diffusion in the lower mass range. When using CHCA, the optimized automatic sprayer method and humidified sublimation method resulted in double the number of metabolites detected compared to standard airbrush method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Gemperline
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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203
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Liu H, Chen R, Wang J, Chen S, Xiong C, Wang J, Hou J, He Q, Zhang N, Nie Z, Mao L. 1,5-Diaminonaphthalene hydrochloride assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging of small molecules in tissues following focal cerebral ischemia. Anal Chem 2014; 86:10114-21. [PMID: 25247713 DOI: 10.1021/ac5034566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive analytical technique for visualizing small endogenous molecules simultaneously is of great significance for clearly elucidating metabolic mechanisms during pathological progression. In the present study, 1,5-naphthalenediamine (1,5-DAN) hydrochloride was prepared for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of small molecules in liver, brain, and kidneys from mice. Furthermore, 1,5-DAN hydrochloride assisted LDI MSI of small molecules in brain tissue of rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was carried out to investigate the altered metabolic pathways and mechanisms underlying the development of ischemic brain damage. Our results suggested that the newly prepared matrix possessed brilliant features including low cost, strong ultraviolet absorption, high salt tolerance capacity, and fewer background signals especially in the low mass range (typically m/z < 500), which permitted us to visualize the spatial distribution of a broad range of small molecule metabolites including metal ions, amino acids, carboxylic acids, nucleotide derivatives, peptide, and lipids simultaneously. Nineteen endogenous metabolites involved in metabolic networks such as ATP metabolism, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, glutamate-glutamine cycle, and malate-aspartate shuttle, together with metal ions and phospholipids as well as antioxidants underwent relatively obvious changes after 24 h of MCAO. The results were highly consistent with the data obtained by MRM MS analysis. These findings highlighted the promising potential of the organic salt matrix for application in the field of biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
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204
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Marsching C, Jennemann R, Heilig R, Gröne HJ, Hopf C, Sandhoff R. Quantitative imaging mass spectrometry of renal sulfatides: validation by classical mass spectrometric methods. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:2343-53. [PMID: 25274613 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m051821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to its capability of discriminating subtle mass-altering structural differences such as double bonds or elongated acyl chains, MALDI-based imaging MS (IMS) has emerged as a powerful technique for analysis of lipid distribution in tissue at moderate spatial resolution of about 50 μm. However, it is still unknown if MS(1)-signals and ion intensity images correlate with the corresponding apparent lipid concentrations. Analyzing renal sulfated glycosphingolipids, sulfatides, we validate for the first time IMS-signal identities using corresponding sulfatide-deficient kidneys. To evaluate the extent of signal quenching effects interfering with lipid quantification, we surgically dissected the three major renal regions (papillae, medulla, and cortex) and systematically compared MALDI IMS of renal sulfatides with quantitative analyses of corresponding lipid extracts by on-target MALDI TOF-MS and by ultra-performance LC-ESI-(triple-quadrupole)tandem MS. Our results demonstrate a generally strong correlation (R(2) > 0.9) between the local relative sulfatide signal intensity in MALDI IMS and absolute sulfatide quantities determined by the other two methods. However, high concentrations of sulfatides in the papillae and medulla result in an up to 4-fold signal suppression. In conclusion, our study suggests that MALDI IMS is useful for semi-quantitative dissection of relative local changes of sulfatides and possibly other lipids in tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Marsching
- Center for Applied Research "Applied Biomedical Mass Spectrometry" (ABIMAS), Mannheim, Germany Lipid Pathobiochemistry Group within German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany Institute of Medical Technology, University of Heidelberg and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Richard Jennemann
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Raphael Heilig
- Lipid Pathobiochemistry Group within German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany Instrumental Analytics and Bioanalytics, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hermann-Josef Gröne
- Center for Applied Research "Applied Biomedical Mass Spectrometry" (ABIMAS), Mannheim, Germany Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Applied Research "Applied Biomedical Mass Spectrometry" (ABIMAS), Mannheim, Germany Institute of Medical Technology, University of Heidelberg and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany Instrumental Analytics and Bioanalytics, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Roger Sandhoff
- Center for Applied Research "Applied Biomedical Mass Spectrometry" (ABIMAS), Mannheim, Germany Lipid Pathobiochemistry Group within German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany Instrumental Analytics and Bioanalytics, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
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205
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Kim YH, Fujimura Y, Sasaki M, Yang X, Yukihira D, Miura D, Unno Y, Ogata K, Nakajima H, Yamashita S, Nakahara K, Murata M, Lin IC, Wariishi H, Yamada K, Tachibana H. In situ label-free visualization of orally dosed strictinin within mouse kidney by MALDI-MS imaging. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:9279-9285. [PMID: 25195619 DOI: 10.1021/jf503143g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a powerful technique for visualizing the distribution of a wide range of biomolecules within tissue sections. However, methodology for visualizing a bioactive ellagitannin has not yet been established. This paper presents a novel in situ label-free MALDI-MSI technique for visualizing the distribution of strictinin, a bioactive ellagitannin found in green tea, within mammalian kidney after oral dosing. Among nine representative matrix candidates, 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (1,5-DAN), harmane, and ferulic acid showed higher sensitivity to strictinin spotted onto a MALDI sample plate. Of these, 1,5-DAN enables visualization of a two-dimensional image of strictinin directly spotted on mouse kidney sections with the highest sensitivity. Furthermore, 1,5-DAN-based MALDI-MSI could detect the unique distribution of orally dosed strictinin within kidney sections. This in situ label-free imaging technique will contribute to the localization analysis of strictinin and its biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Hee Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University , 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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206
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Anderson DMG, Ablonczy Z, Koutalos Y, Spraggins J, Crouch RK, Caprioli RM, Schey KL. High resolution MALDI imaging mass spectrometry of retinal tissue lipids. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:1394-403. [PMID: 24819461 PMCID: PMC4180438 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-0883-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI IMS) has the ability to provide an enormous amount of information on the abundances and spatial distributions of molecules within biological tissues. The rapid progress in the development of this technology significantly improves our ability to analyze smaller and smaller areas and features within tissues. The mammalian eye has evolved over millions of years to become an essential asset for survival, providing important sensory input of an organism's surroundings. The highly complex sensory retina of the eye is comprised of numerous cell types organized into specific layers with varying dimensions, the thinnest of which is the 10 μm retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). This single cell layer and the photoreceptor layer contain the complex biochemical machinery required to convert photons of light into electrical signals that are transported to the brain by axons of retinal ganglion cells. Diseases of the retina, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinitis pigmentosa, and diabetic retinopathy, occur when the functions of these cells are interrupted by molecular processes that are not fully understood. In this report, we demonstrate the use of high spatial resolution MALDI IMS and FT-ICR tandem mass spectrometry in the Abca4(-/-) knockout mouse model of Stargardt disease, a juvenile onset form of macular degeneration. The spatial distributions and identity of lipid and retinoid metabolites are shown to be unique to specific retinal cell layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. G. Anderson
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Zsolt Ablonczy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Yiannis Koutalos
- Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Jeffrey Spraggins
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Rosalie K. Crouch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Richard M. Caprioli
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Department of Chemistry, Pharmacology and Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Kevin L. Schey
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
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207
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Korte AR, Lee YJ. MALDI-MS analysis and imaging of small molecule metabolites with 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (DAN). JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2014; 49:737-41. [PMID: 25044901 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
1,5-Diaminonaphthalene (DAN) has previously been reported as an effective matrix for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry of phospholipids. In the current work, we investigate the use of DAN as a matrix for small metabolite analysis in negative ion mode. DAN was found to provide superior ionization to the compared matrices for MW < ~400 Da; however, 9-aminoacridine (9-AA) was found to be superior for a uridine diphosphate standard (MW 566 Da). DAN was also found to provide a more representative profile of a natural phospholipid mixture than 9-AA. Finally, DAN and 9-AA were applied for imaging of metabolites directly from corn leaf sections. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Korte
- Ames Laboratory-US DOE, Ames, IA, 50011, USA; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
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208
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Kettling H, Vens-Cappell S, Soltwisch J, Pirkl A, Haier J, Müthing J, Dreisewerd K. MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Bioactive Lipids in Mouse Brain with a Synapt G2-S Mass Spectrometer Operated at Elevated Pressure: Improving the Analytical Sensitivity and the Lateral Resolution to Ten Micrometers. Anal Chem 2014; 86:7798-805. [DOI: 10.1021/ac5017248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Kettling
- Institute
for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Münster, University of Münster, Domagkstr. 3, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Simeon Vens-Cappell
- Institute
for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Münster, University of Münster, Domagkstr. 3, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Soltwisch
- Institute
for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Pirkl
- Institute
for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jörg Haier
- Comprehensive
Cancer Center Münster, University Hospital Münster, Waldeyerstr. 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institute
for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Dreisewerd
- Institute
for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Münster, University of Münster, Domagkstr. 3, 48149 Münster, Germany
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209
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Jadoul L, Malherbe C, Calligaris D, Longuespée R, Gilbert B, Eppe G, De Pauw E. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy: An interesting complementary approach for lipid detection in biological tissues. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laure Jadoul
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - Cédric Malherbe
- Inorganic Analytical Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - David Calligaris
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - Rémi Longuespée
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - Bernard Gilbert
- Inorganic Analytical Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - Gauthier Eppe
- Inorganic Analytical Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
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210
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Patterson NH, Thomas A, Chaurand P. Monitoring time-dependent degradation of phospholipids in sectioned tissues by MALDI imaging mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2014; 49:622-7. [PMID: 25044847 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) is useful for visualizing the localization of phospholipids on biological tissue surfaces creating great opportunities for IMS in lipidomic investigations. With advancements in IMS of lipids, there is a demand for large-scale tissue studies necessitating stable, efficient and well-defined sample handling procedures. Our work within this article shows the effects of different storage conditions on the phospholipid composition of sectioned tissues from mouse organs. We have taken serial sections from mouse brain, kidney and liver thaw mounted unto ITO-coated glass slides and stored them under various conditions later analyzing them at fixed time points. A global decrease in phospholipid signal intensity is shown to occur and to be a function of time and temperature. Contrary to the global decrease, oxidized phospholipid and lysophospholipid species are found to increase within 2 h and 24 h, respectively, when mounted sections are kept at ambient room conditions. Imaging experiments reveal that degradation products increase globally across the tissue. Degradation is shown to be inhibited by cold temperatures, with sample integrity maintained up to a week after storage in -80 °C freezer under N2 atmosphere. Overall, the results demonstrate a timeline of the effects of lipid degradation specific to sectioned tissues and provide several lipid species which can serve as markers of degradation. Importantly, the timeline demonstrates oxidative sample degradation begins appearing within the normal timescale of IMS sample preparation of lipids (i.e. 1-2 h) and that long-term degradation is global. Taken together, these results strengthen the notion that standardized procedures are required for phospholipid IMS of large sample sets, or in studies where many serial sections are prepared together but analyzed over time such as in 3-D IMS reconstruction experiments.
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211
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Lutomski C, El-Baba TJ, Inutan ED, Manly CD, Wager-Miller J, Mackie K, Trimpin S. Transmission geometry laserspray ionization vacuum using an atmospheric pressure inlet. Anal Chem 2014; 86:6208-13. [PMID: 24896880 PMCID: PMC4082395 DOI: 10.1021/ac501788p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This represents the first report of laserspray ionization vacuum (LSIV) with operation directly from atmospheric pressure for use in mass spectrometry. Two different types of electrospray ionization source inlets were converted to LSIV sources by equipping the entrance of the atmospheric pressure inlet aperture with a customized cone that is sealed with a removable glass plate holding the matrix/analyte sample. A laser aligned in transmission geometry (at 180° relative to the inlet) ablates the matrix/analyte sample deposited on the vacuum side of the glass slide. Laser ablation from vacuum requires lower inlet temperature relative to laser ablation at atmospheric pressure. However, higher inlet temperature is required for high-mass analytes, for example, α-chymotrypsinogen (25.6 kDa). Labile compounds such as gangliosides and cardiolipins are detected in the negative ion mode directly from mouse brain tissue as intact doubly deprotonated ions. Multiple charging enhances the ion mobility spectrometry separation of ions derived from complex tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne
A. Lutomski
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Tarick J. El-Baba
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Ellen D. Inutan
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Cory D. Manly
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - James Wager-Miller
- Gill
Center for Biomolecular Science, Indiana
University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United
States
| | - Ken Mackie
- Gill
Center for Biomolecular Science, Indiana
University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United
States
| | - Sarah Trimpin
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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212
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Hayasaka T, Goto-Inoue N, Masaki N, Ikegami K, Setou M. Application of 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone with sublimation provides efficient ionization of lipid species by atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.5592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Hayasaka
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy; Hamamatsu University School of Medicine; 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku Hamamatsu Shizuoka 431-3192 Japan
| | - Naoko Goto-Inoue
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences; Tokyo Metropolitan University; 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
| | - Noritaka Masaki
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy; Hamamatsu University School of Medicine; 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku Hamamatsu Shizuoka 431-3192 Japan
| | - Koji Ikegami
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy; Hamamatsu University School of Medicine; 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku Hamamatsu Shizuoka 431-3192 Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Setou
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy; Hamamatsu University School of Medicine; 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku Hamamatsu Shizuoka 431-3192 Japan
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213
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Distribution study of atorvastatin and its metabolites in rat tissues using combined information from UHPLC/MS and MALDI-Orbitrap-MS imaging. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:4601-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7880-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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214
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MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Visualizing In Situ Metabolism of Endogenous Metabolites and Dietary Phytochemicals. Metabolites 2014; 4:319-46. [PMID: 24957029 PMCID: PMC4101509 DOI: 10.3390/metabo4020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the spatial distribution of bioactive small molecules is indispensable for elucidating their biological or pharmaceutical roles. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) enables determination of the distribution of ionizable molecules present in tissue sections of whole-body or single heterogeneous organ samples by direct ionization and detection. This emerging technique is now widely used for in situ label-free molecular imaging of endogenous or exogenous small molecules. MSI allows the simultaneous visualization of many types of molecules including a parent molecule and its metabolites. Thus, MSI has received much attention as a potential tool for pathological analysis, understanding pharmaceutical mechanisms, and biomarker discovery. On the other hand, several issues regarding the technical limitations of MSI are as of yet still unresolved. In this review, we describe the capabilities of the latest matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MSI technology for visualizing in situ metabolism of endogenous metabolites or dietary phytochemicals (food factors), and also discuss the technical problems and new challenges, including MALDI matrix selection and metabolite identification, that need to be addressed for effective and widespread application of MSI in the diverse fields of biological, biomedical, and nutraceutical (food functionality) research.
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215
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Stoyanovsky DA, Sparvero LJ, Amoscato AA, He RR, Watkins S, Pitt BR, Bayir H, Kagan VE. Improved spatial resolution of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging of lipids in the brain by alkylated derivatives of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:403-12. [PMID: 24497278 PMCID: PMC3973445 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is one of the major techniques for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of biological systems along with secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and desorption electrospray mass spectrometry (DESI). The inherent variability of MALDI-MSI signals within intact tissues is related to the heterogeneity of both the sample surface and the matrix crystallization. To circumvent some of these limitations of MALDI-MSI, we have developed improved matrices for lipid analysis based on structural modification of the commonly used matrix 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB). METHODS We have synthesized DHB containing -C6H13 and -C12H25 alkyl chains and applied these matrices to rat brain using a capillary sprayer. We utilized a Bruker Ultraflex II MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometer to analyze lipid extracts and tissue sections, and examined these sections with polarized light microscopy and differential interference contrast microscopy. RESULTS O-alkylation of DHB yields matrices, which, when applied to brain sections, follow a trend of phase transition from crystals to an oily layer in the sequence DHB → DHB-C6H13 → DHB-C12H25 . MALDI-MSI images acquired with DHB-C12H25 exhibited a considerably higher density of lipids than DHB. CONCLUSIONS Comparative experiments with DHB and DHB-C12H25 are presented, which indicate that the latter matrix affords higher lateral resolution than the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Stoyanovsky
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
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216
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Gemperline E, Li L. MALDI-mass spectrometric imaging for the investigation of metabolites in Medicago truncatula root nodules. J Vis Exp 2014. [PMID: 24637669 DOI: 10.3791/51434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Most techniques used to study small molecules, such as pharmaceutical drugs or endogenous metabolites, employ tissue extracts which require the homogenization of the tissue of interest that could potentially cause changes in the metabolic pathways being studied(1). Mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) is a powerful analytical tool that can provide spatial information of analytes within intact slices of biological tissue samples(1-5). This technique has been used extensively to study various types of compounds including proteins, peptides, lipids, and small molecules such as endogenous metabolites. With matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MSI, spatial distributions of multiple metabolites can be simultaneously detected. Herein, a method developed specifically for conducting untargeted metabolomics MSI experiments on legume roots and root nodules is presented which could reveal insights into the biological processes taking place. The method presented here shows a typical MSI workflow, from sample preparation to image acquisition, and focuses on the matrix application step, demonstrating several matrix application techniques that are useful for detecting small molecules. Once the MS images are generated, the analysis and identification of metabolites of interest is discussed and demonstrated. The standard workflow presented here can be easily modified for different tissue types, molecular species, and instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin- Madison; School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin- Madison;
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217
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Bjarnholt N, Li B, D'Alvise J, Janfelt C. Mass spectrometry imaging of plant metabolites--principles and possibilities. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:818-37. [PMID: 24452137 DOI: 10.1039/c3np70100j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2013 New mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) techniques are gaining importance in the analysis of plant metabolite distributions, and significant technological improvements have been introduced in the past decade. This review provides an introduction to the different MSI techniques and their applications in plant science. The most common methods for sample preparation are described, and the review also features a comprehensive table of published studies in MSI of plant material. A number of significant works are highlighted for their contributions to advance the understanding of plant biology through applications of plant metabolite imaging. Particular attention is given to the possibility for imaging of surface metabolites since this is highly dependent on the methods and techniques which are applied in imaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Bjarnholt
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bülowsvej 17, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark
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218
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Neubert P, Walch A. Current frontiers in clinical research application of MALDI imaging mass spectrometry. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 10:259-73. [DOI: 10.1586/epr.13.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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219
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Shariatgorji M, Svenningsson P, Andrén PE. Mass spectrometry imaging, an emerging technology in neuropsychopharmacology. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39:34-49. [PMID: 23966069 PMCID: PMC3857656 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging is a powerful tool for directly determining the distribution of proteins, peptides, lipids, neurotransmitters, metabolites and drugs in neural tissue sections in situ. Molecule-specific imaging can be achieved using various ionization techniques that are suited to different applications but which all yield data with high mass accuracies and spatial resolutions. The ability to simultaneously obtain images showing the distributions of chemical species ranging from metal ions to macromolecules makes it possible to explore the chemical organization of a sample and to correlate the results obtained with specific anatomical features. The imaging of biomolecules has provided new insights into multiple neurological diseases, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. Mass spectrometry imaging can also be used in conjunction with other imaging techniques in order to identify correlations between changes in the distribution of important chemical species and other changes in the properties of the tissue. Here we review the applications of mass spectrometry imaging in neuroscience research and discuss its potential. The results presented demonstrate that mass spectrometry imaging is a useful experimental method with diverse applications in neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Shariatgorji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Biomolecular Imaging and Proteomics, National Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per E Andrén
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Biomolecular Imaging and Proteomics, National Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden,Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Biomolecular Imaging and Proteomics, National Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Uppsala University, Box 591, Husargatan 3, Uppsala SE-75124, Sweden, Tel: +46 18 471 7206, Fax: +46 70 167 9334, E-mail:
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220
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Wang X, Han J, Pan J, Borchers CH. Comprehensive Imaging of Porcine Adrenal Gland Lipids by MALDI-FTMS Using Quercetin as a Matrix. Anal Chem 2013; 86:638-46. [DOI: 10.1021/ac404044k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Wang
- University of Victoria - Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park,
#3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Jun Han
- University of Victoria - Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park,
#3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Jingxi Pan
- University of Victoria - Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park,
#3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Christoph H. Borchers
- University of Victoria - Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park,
#3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada
- Department
of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Petch Building
Room 207, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
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221
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Cimino J, Calligaris D, Far J, Debois D, Blacher S, Sounni NE, Noel A, De Pauw E. Towards lipidomics of low-abundant species for exploring tumor heterogeneity guided by high-resolution mass spectrometry imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:24560-80. [PMID: 24351834 PMCID: PMC3876128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141224560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have evidenced the main role of lipids in physiological and also pathological processes such as cancer, diabetes or neurodegenerative diseases. The identification and the in situ localization of specific low-abundant lipid species involved in cancer biology are still challenging for both fundamental studies and lipid marker discovery. In this paper, we report the identification and the localization of specific isobaric minor phospholipids in human breast cancer xenografts by FTICR MALDI imaging supported by histochemistry. These potential candidates can be further confirmed by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) after extraction from the region of interest defined by MALDI imaging. Finally, this study highlights the importance of characterizing the heterogeneous distribution of low-abundant lipid species, relevant in complex histological samples for biological purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Cimino
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-R, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (J.C.); (J.F.); (D.D.)
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (S.B.); (N.E.S.); (A.N.)
| | - David Calligaris
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-R, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (J.C.); (J.F.); (D.D.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (D.C.); (E.D.P.); Tel.: +32-436-634-15 (E.D.P.); Fax: +32-436-634-33 (E.D.P.)
| | - Johann Far
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-R, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (J.C.); (J.F.); (D.D.)
| | - Delphine Debois
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-R, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (J.C.); (J.F.); (D.D.)
| | - Silvia Blacher
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (S.B.); (N.E.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Nor Eddine Sounni
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (S.B.); (N.E.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Agnès Noel
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (S.B.); (N.E.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-R, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (J.C.); (J.F.); (D.D.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (D.C.); (E.D.P.); Tel.: +32-436-634-15 (E.D.P.); Fax: +32-436-634-33 (E.D.P.)
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222
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Wang HYJ, Wu HW, Tsai PJ, Liu CB, Zheng ZF. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging of cardiolipins in rat organ sections. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:565-75. [PMID: 24317517 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7492-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is a class of phospholipid tightly associated with the mitochondria functions and a prime target of oxidative stress. Peroxidation of CL dissociates its bound cytochrome C, a phenomenon that reflects oxidative stress sustained by the organ and a trigger for the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. However, CL distribution in normal organ tissues has yet to be documented. Fresh rat organs were snap-frozen, cut into cryosections that were subsequently desalted with ammonium acetate solution, and vacuum-dried. CL distribution in situ was determined using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) technique on sections sublimed with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid. CL images in rat cardiac ventricular section showed a homogeneous distribution of a single m/z 1447.9 ion species that was confirmed as the (18:2)4 CL by tandem mass spectrometry. The presence of low abundant (18:2)3(18:1) CL with the bulk (18:2)4 CL in quadriceps femoris rendered the muscle CL exhibiting a slightly deviated isotopic pattern from that of cardiac muscle. In rat liver, MALDI-MSI unveiled three CL-containing mass ranges, each with a unique in situ distribution pattern. Co-registration of the CL ion images with its stained liver section image further revealed the association of CLs in each mass range with the functional zones in the liver parenchyma and suggests the participation of in situ CLs with localized hepatic functions such as oxidation, conjugation, and detoxification. The advances in CL imaging offer an approach with molecular accuracy to reveal potentially dysregulated metabolic machineries in acute and chronic diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hay-Yan J Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan,
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223
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Li M, Yang L, Bai Y, Liu H. Analytical Methods in Lipidomics and Their Applications. Anal Chem 2013; 86:161-75. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403554h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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224
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Toue S, Sugiura Y, Kubo A, Ohmura M, Karakawa S, Mizukoshi T, Yoneda J, Miyano H, Noguchi Y, Kobayashi T, Kabe Y, Suematsu M. Microscopic imaging mass spectrometry assisted by on-tissue chemical derivatization for visualizing multiple amino acids in human colon cancer xenografts. Proteomics 2013; 14:810-9. [PMID: 23818158 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Imaging MS combined with CE/MS serves as a method to provide semi-quantitative and spatial information of small molecular metabolites in tissue slices. However, not all metabolites including amino acids have fully been visualized, because of low-ionization efficiency in MALDI MS. This study aimed to acquire semi-quantitative spatial information for multiple amino acids in frozen tissue slices. As a derivatization reagent, p-N,N,N-trimethylammonioanilyl N'-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate iodide (TAHS) was applied to increase their ionization efficiency and detection sensitivity. Semi-quantitative MALDI-imaging MS allowed us to visualize and quantify free amino acid pools in human colon cancer xenografts using a model of liver metastases in super-immunodeficient NOD/scid/γ(null) mice (NOG mice). Because the m/z values of several TAHS-derivatized amino acids overlap with those of the 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid background and other endogenous compounds, we imaged them with tandem MS. The results indicated that regional contents of glutamate, glutamine, glycine, leucine/isoleucine/hydroxyproline, phenylalanine, and alanine were significantly elevated in metastatic tumors versus parenchyma of tumor-bearing livers. On-tissue TAHS derivatization thus serves as a useful method to detect alterations in many amino acid levels in vivo, thereby enabling understanding of the spatial alterations of these metabolites under varied disease conditions including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakino Toue
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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225
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In situ label-free imaging for visualizing the biotransformation of a bioactive polyphenol. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2805. [PMID: 24076623 PMCID: PMC3786292 DOI: 10.1038/srep02805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Although understanding the high-resolution spatial distribution of bioactive small molecules is indispensable for elucidating their biological or pharmacological effects, there has been no analytical technique that can easily detect the naïve molecular localization in mammalian tissues. We herein present a novel in situ label-free imaging technique for visualizing bioactive small molecules, using a polyphenol. We established a 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (1,5-DAN)-based matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) technique for visualizing epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), the major bioactive green tea polyphenol, within mammalian tissue micro-regions after oral dosing. Furthermore, the combination of this label-free MALDI-MSI method and a standard-independent metabolite identification method, an isotopic fine structure analysis using ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometer, allows for the visualization of spatially-resolved biotransformation based on simultaneous mapping of EGCG and its phase II metabolites. Although this approach has limitations of the detection sensitivity, it will overcome the drawbacks associated with conventional molecular imaging techniques, and could contribute to biological discovery.
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226
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Lipid profiling of mammalian cells with in situ matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry. Sci China Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-013-4960-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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227
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Calvano CD, Monopoli A, Ditaranto N, Palmisano F. 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene/9-aminoacridine: a new binary matrix for lipid fingerprinting of intact bacteria by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 798:56-63. [PMID: 24070484 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of a novel binary matrix composed of 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene (DMAN; proton sponge) and 9-aminoacridine (9AA) for the direct lipid analysis of whole bacterial cells by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) is demonstrated. Deprotonated analyte signals nearly free of matrix-related ions were observed in negative ion mode. The effect of the most important factors (laser energy, pulse voltage, DMAN/9AA ratio, analyte/matrix ratio) was investigated using a Box-Behnken response surface design followed by multi-response optimization in order to simultaneously maximize signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and resolution. The chemical surface composition of single or mixed matrices was explored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Moreover, XPS imaging was used to map the spatial distribution of a model phospholipid in single or binary matrices. The DMAN/9AA binary matrix was then successfully applied to the analysis of intact Gram positive (Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis) or Gram negative (Escherichia coli) microorganisms. About fifty major membrane components (free fatty acids, mono-, di- and tri-glycerides, phospholipids, glycolipids and cardiolipins) were quickly and easily detected over a mass range spanning from ca. 200 to ca. 1600 m/z. Moreover, mass spectra with improved S/N ratio (compared to single matrices), reduced chemical noise and no formation of matrix-clusters were invariably obtained demonstrating the potential of this binary matrix to improve sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Calvano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
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228
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Wang X, Han J, Chou A, Yang J, Pan J, Borchers CH. Hydroxyflavones as a New Family of Matrices for MALDI Tissue Imaging. Anal Chem 2013; 85:7566-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ac401595a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Wang
- University of Victoria - Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver
Island Technology Park, #3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8,
Canada
| | - Jun Han
- University of Victoria - Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver
Island Technology Park, #3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8,
Canada
| | - Albert Chou
- University of Victoria - Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver
Island Technology Park, #3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8,
Canada
| | - Juncong Yang
- University of Victoria - Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver
Island Technology Park, #3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8,
Canada
| | - Jingxi Pan
- University of Victoria - Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver
Island Technology Park, #3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8,
Canada
| | - Christoph H. Borchers
- University of Victoria - Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver
Island Technology Park, #3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8,
Canada
- Department of Biochemistry
and
Microbiology, University of Victoria, Petch
Building Room 207, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
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229
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Tata A, Sudano MJ, Santos VG, Landim-Alvarenga FDC, Ferreira CR, Eberlin MN. Optimal single-embryo mass spectrometry fingerprinting. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2013; 48:844-849. [PMID: 23832940 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In pre-implantation embryos, lipids play key roles in determining viability, cryopreservation and implantation properties, but often their analysis is analytically challenging because of the few picograms of analytes present in each of them. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) allows obtaining individual phospholipid profiles of these microscopic organisms. This technique is sensitive enough to enable analysis of individual intact embryos and monitoring the changes in membrane lipid composition in the early stages of development serving as screening method for studies of biology and biotechnologies of reproduction. This article introduces an improved, more comprehensive MALDI-MS lipid fingerprinting approach that considerably increases the lipid information obtained from a single embryo. Using bovine embryos as a biological model, we have also tested optimal sample storage and handling conditions before the MALDI-MS analysis. Improved information at the molecular level is provided by the use of a binary matrix that enables phosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins, phosphatidylserines, phosphatidylinositols and phosphoethanolamines to be detected via MALDI(±)-MS in both the positive and negative ion modes. An optimal MALDI-MS protocol for lipidomic monitoring of a single intact embryo is therefore reported with potential applications in human and animal reproduction, cell development and stem cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Tata
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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230
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Angel PM, Caprioli RM. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging mass spectrometry: in situ molecular mapping. Biochemistry 2013; 52:3818-28. [PMID: 23259809 PMCID: PMC3864574 DOI: 10.1021/bi301519p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) is a relatively new imaging modality that allows mapping of a wide range of biomolecules within a thin tissue section. The technology uses a laser beam to directly desorb and ionize molecules from discrete locations on the tissue that are subsequently recorded in a mass spectrometer. IMS is distinguished by the ability to directly measure molecules in situ ranging from small metabolites to proteins, reporting hundreds to thousands of expression patterns from a single imaging experiment. This article reviews recent advances in IMS technology, applications, and experimental strategies that allow it to significantly aid in the discovery and understanding of molecular processes in biological and clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggi M. Angel
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 465 21st Avenue South, MRB III Suite 9160, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Richard M. Caprioli
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center and Department of Biochemistry, Medicine, Pharmacology, and Chemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 465 21st Avenue South, MRB III Suite 9160, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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231
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Korte AR, Lee YJ. Multiplex mass spectrometric imaging with polarity switching for concurrent acquisition of positive and negative ion images. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 24:949-955. [PMID: 23592078 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0613-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We have recently developed a multiplex mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) method which incorporates high mass resolution imaging and MS/MS and MS(3) imaging of several compounds in a single data acquisition utilizing a hybrid linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometer (Perdian and Lee, Anal. Chem. 82, 9393-9400, 2010). Here we extend this capability to obtain positive and negative ion MS and MS/MS spectra in a single MS imaging experiment through polarity switching within spiral steps of each raster step. This methodology was demonstrated for the analysis of various lipid class compounds in a section of mouse brain. This allows for simultaneous imaging of compounds that are readily ionized in positive mode (e.g., phosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins) and those that are readily ionized in negative mode (e.g., sulfatides, phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidylserines). MS/MS imaging was also performed for a few compounds in both positive and negative ion mode within the same experimental set-up. Insufficient stabilization time for the Orbitrap high voltage leads to slight deviations in observed masses, but these deviations are systematic and were easily corrected with a two-point calibration to background ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Korte
- Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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232
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Current status and future perspectives of mass spectrometry imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:11277-301. [PMID: 23759983 PMCID: PMC3709732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140611277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging is employed for mapping proteins, lipids and metabolites in biological tissues in a morphological context. Although initially developed as a tool for biomarker discovery by imaging the distribution of protein/peptide in tissue sections, the high sensitivity and molecular specificity of this technique have enabled its application to biomolecules, other than proteins, even in cells, latent finger prints and whole organisms. Relatively simple, with no requirement for labelling, homogenization, extraction or reconstitution, the technique has found a variety of applications in molecular biology, pathology, pharmacology and toxicology. By discriminating the spatial distribution of biomolecules in serial sections of tissues, biomarkers of lesions and the biological responses to stressors or diseases can be better understood in the context of structure and function. In this review, we have discussed the advances in the different aspects of mass spectrometry imaging processes, application towards different disciplines and relevance to the field of toxicology.
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233
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Römpp A, Spengler B. Mass spectrometry imaging with high resolution in mass and space. Histochem Cell Biol 2013; 139:759-83. [PMID: 23652571 PMCID: PMC3656243 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-013-1097-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) imaging links molecular information and the spatial distribution of analytes within a sample. In contrast to most histochemical techniques, mass spectrometry imaging can differentiate molecular modifications and does not require labeling of targeted compounds. We have recently introduced the first mass spectrometry imaging method that provides highly specific molecular information (high resolution and accuracy in mass) at cellular dimensions (high resolution in space). This method is based on a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging source working at atmospheric pressure which is coupled to an orbital trapping mass spectrometer. Here, we present a number of application examples and demonstrate the benefit of ‘mass spectrometry imaging with high resolution in mass and space.’ Phospholipids, peptides and drug compounds were imaged in a number of tissue samples at a spatial resolution of 5–10 μm. Proteins were analyzed after on-tissue tryptic digestion at 50-μm resolution. Additional applications include the analysis of single cells and of human lung carcinoma tissue as well as the first MALDI imaging measurement of tissue at 3 μm pixel size. MS image analysis for all these experiments showed excellent correlation with histological staining evaluation. The high mass resolution (R = 30,000) and mass accuracy (typically 1 ppm) proved to be essential for specific image generation and reliable identification of analytes in tissue samples. The ability to combine the required high-quality mass analysis with spatial resolution in the range of single cells is a unique feature of our method. With that, it has the potential to supplement classical histochemical protocols and to provide new insights about molecular processes on the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Römpp
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Schubertstrasse 60, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
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234
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Surface analysis of lipids by mass spectrometry: more than just imaging. Prog Lipid Res 2013; 52:329-53. [PMID: 23623802 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry is now an indispensable tool for lipid analysis and is arguably the driving force in the renaissance of lipid research. In its various forms, mass spectrometry is uniquely capable of resolving the extensive compositional and structural diversity of lipids in biological systems. Furthermore, it provides the ability to accurately quantify molecular-level changes in lipid populations associated with changes in metabolism and environment; bringing lipid science to the "omics" age. The recent explosion of mass spectrometry-based surface analysis techniques is fuelling further expansion of the lipidomics field. This is evidenced by the numerous papers published on the subject of mass spectrometric imaging of lipids in recent years. While imaging mass spectrometry provides new and exciting possibilities, it is but one of the many opportunities direct surface analysis offers the lipid researcher. In this review we describe the current state-of-the-art in the direct surface analysis of lipids with a focus on tissue sections, intact cells and thin-layer chromatography substrates. The suitability of these different approaches towards analysis of the major lipid classes along with their current and potential applications in the field of lipid analysis are evaluated.
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235
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Norris JL, Caprioli RM. Analysis of tissue specimens by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry in biological and clinical research. Chem Rev 2013; 113:2309-42. [PMID: 23394164 PMCID: PMC3624074 DOI: 10.1021/cr3004295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 502] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy L. Norris
- National Research Resource for Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Mass Spectrometry Research Center, and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 9160 Medical Research Building III, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232-8575
| | - Richard M. Caprioli
- National Research Resource for Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Mass Spectrometry Research Center, and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 9160 Medical Research Building III, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232-8575
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236
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Dufresne M, Thomas A, Breault-Turcot J, Masson JF, Chaurand P. Silver-assisted laser desorption ionization for high spatial resolution imaging mass spectrometry of olefins from thin tissue sections. Anal Chem 2013; 85:3318-24. [PMID: 23425078 DOI: 10.1021/ac3037415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Silver has been demonstrated to be a powerful cationization agent in mass spectrometry (MS) for various olefinic species such as cholesterol and fatty acids. This work explores the utility of metallic silver sputtering on tissue sections for high resolution imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) of olefins by laser desorption ionization (LDI). For this purpose, sputtered silver coating thickness was optimized on an assorted selection of mouse and rat tissues including brain, kidney, liver, and testis. For mouse brain tissue section, the thickness was adjusted to 23 ± 2 nm of silver to prevent ion suppression effects associated with a higher cholesterol and lipid content. On all other tissues, a thickness of at 16 ± 2 nm provided the best desorption/ionization efficiency. Characterization of the species by MS/MS showed a wide variety of olefinic compounds allowing the IMS of different lipid classes including cholesterol, arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and triacylglyceride 52:3. A range of spatial resolutions for IMS were investigated from 150 μm down to the high resolution cellular range at 5 μm. The applicability of direct on-tissue silver sputtering to LDI-IMS of cholesterol and other olefinic compounds presents a novel approach to improve the amount of information that can be obtained from tissue sections. This IMS strategy is thus of interest for providing new biological insights on the role of cholesterol and other olefins in physiological pathways or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Dufresne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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237
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Janfelt C, Wellner N, Hansen HS, Hansen SH. Displaced dual-mode imaging with desorption electrospray ionization for simultaneous mass spectrometry imaging in both polarities and with several scan modes. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2013; 48:361-366. [PMID: 23494793 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Displaced dual-mode imaging (DDI) is introduced as a method for simultaneous imaging in positive and negative-ion mode on the same sample with desorption electrospray ionization imaging, as well as a method for simultaneous imaging in full-scan and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) mode. DDI is performed by using a smaller row distance in the y-direction than the desired image resolution and recording for example every second row in positive-ion mode and the other half of the rows in negative-ion mode, thus resulting in two separate images. This causes some degree of oversampling, which is thus utilized to obtain complementary mass spectrometric of the sample. Imaging with both polarities is exemplified on an imprint of a Hypericum perforatum leaf containing secondary metabolites which ionize in both polarites and a mouse kidney containing phospholipids which ionize in positive or negative mode only. Simultaneous full-scan and MS/MS imaging was demonstrated on the same mouse kidney, as the mouse had been given a relatively low dose of the antidepressive drug amitriptyline. While the full-scan data allowed imaging of the endogenous phospholipids, the drug and its metabolites were only visible in the MS/MS images. The latter approach is useful, for example in whole-body imaging experiments where the full-scan data gives an overview of the tissue, and the MS/MS mode provides the sensitivity to image trace amounts of drugs and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Janfelt
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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238
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Thomas A, Patterson NH, Marcinkiewicz MM, Lazaris A, Metrakos P, Chaurand P. Histology-driven data mining of lipid signatures from multiple imaging mass spectrometry analyses: application to human colorectal cancer liver metastasis biopsies. Anal Chem 2013; 85:2860-6. [PMID: 23347294 DOI: 10.1021/ac3034294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) represents an innovative tool in the cancer research pipeline, which is increasingly being used in clinical and pharmaceutical applications. The unique properties of the technique, especially the amount of data generated, make the handling of data from multiple IMS acquisitions challenging. This work presents a histology-driven IMS approach aiming to identify discriminant lipid signatures from the simultaneous mining of IMS data sets from multiple samples. The feasibility of the developed workflow is evaluated on a set of three human colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRCLM) tissue sections. Lipid IMS on tissue sections was performed using MALDI-TOF/TOF MS in both negative and positive ionization modes after 1,5-diaminonaphthalene matrix deposition by sublimation. The combination of both positive and negative acquisition results was performed during data mining to simplify the process and interrogate a larger lipidome into a single analysis. To reduce the complexity of the IMS data sets, a sub data set was generated by randomly selecting a fixed number of spectra from a histologically defined region of interest, resulting in a 10-fold data reduction. Principal component analysis confirmed that the molecular selectivity of the regions of interest is maintained after data reduction. Partial least-squares and heat map analyses demonstrated a selective signature of the CRCLM, revealing lipids that are significantly up- and down-regulated in the tumor region. This comprehensive approach is thus of interest for defining disease signatures directly from IMS data sets by the use of combinatory data mining, opening novel routes of investigation for addressing the demands of the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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239
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Calligaris D, Longuespée R, Debois D, Asakawa D, Turtoi A, Castronovo V, Noël A, Bertrand V, De Pauw-Gillet MC, De Pauw E. Selected protein monitoring in histological sections by targeted MALDI-FTICR in-source decay imaging. Anal Chem 2013; 85:2117-26. [PMID: 23323725 DOI: 10.1021/ac302746t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) is a rapidly growing method in biomedical research allowing molecular mapping of proteins on histological sections. The images can be analyzed in terms of spectral pattern to define regions of interest. However, the identification and the differential quantitative analysis of proteins require off line or in situ proteomic methods using enzymatic digestion. The rapid identification of biomarkers holds great promise for diagnostic research, but the major obstacle is the absence of a rapid and direct method to detect and identify with a sufficient dynamic range a set of specific biomarkers. In the current work, we present a proof of concept for a method allowing one to identify simultaneously a set of selected biomarkers on histological slices with minimal sample treatment using in-source decay (ISD) MSI and MALDI-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR). In the proposed method, known biomarkers are spotted next to the tissue of interest, the whole MALDI plate being coated with 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (1,5-DAN) matrix. The latter enhances MALDI radical-induced ISD, providing large tags of the amino acid sequences. Comparative analysis of ISD fragments between the reference spots and the specimen in imaging mode allows for unambiguous identification of the selected biomarker while preserving full spatial resolution. Moreover, the high resolution/high mass accuracy provided by FTICR mass spectrometry allows the identification of proteins. Well-resolved peaks and precise measurements of masses and mass differences allow the construction of reliable sequence tags for protein identification. The method will allow the use of MALDI-FTICR MSI as a method for rapid targeted biomarker detection in complement to classical histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calligaris
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Systems Biology and Chemical Biology, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium.
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240
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241
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Zavalin A, Todd EM, Rawhouser PD, Yang J, Norris JL, Caprioli RM. Direct imaging of single cells and tissue at sub-cellular spatial resolution using transmission geometry MALDI MS. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2012; 47:1473-81. [PMID: 23147824 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The need of cellular and sub-cellular spatial resolution in laser desorption ionization (LDI)/matrix-assisted LDI (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) necessitates micron and sub-micron laser spot sizes at biologically relevant sensitivities, introducing significant challenges for MS technology. To this end, we have developed a transmission geometry vacuum ion source that allows the laser beam to irradiate the back side of the sample. This arrangement obviates the mechanical/ion optic complications in the source by completely separating the optical lens and ion optic structures. We have experimentally demonstrated the viability of transmission geometry MALDI MS for imaging biological tissues and cells with sub-cellular spatial resolution. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in conjunction with new sample preparation protocols, the sensitivity of this instrument is sufficient to obtain molecular images at sub-micron spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Zavalin
- National Research Resource for Imaging Mass Spectrometry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 7232-8575, USA
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242
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Ye H, Gemperline E, Li L. A vision for better health: mass spectrometry imaging for clinical diagnostics. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 420:11-22. [PMID: 23078851 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful tool that grants the ability to investigate a broad mass range of molecules from small molecules to large proteins by creating detailed distribution maps of selected compounds. Its usefulness in biomarker discovery towards clinical applications has obtained success by correlating the molecular expression of tissues acquired from MSI with well-established histology. RESULTS To date, MSI has demonstrated its versatility in clinical applications, such as biomarker diagnostics of different diseases, prognostics of disease severities and metabolic response to drug treatment, etc. These studies have provided significant insight in clinical studies over the years and current technical advances are further facilitating the improvement of this field. Although the underlying concept is simple, factors such as choice of ionization method, sample preparation, instrumentation and data analysis must be taken into account for successful applications of MSI. Herein, we briefly reviewed these key elements yet focused on the clinical applications of MSI that cannot be addressed by other means. CONCLUSIONS Challenges and future perspectives in this field are also discussed to conclude that the ever-growing applications with continuous development of this powerful analytical tool will lead to a better understanding of the biology of diseases and improvements in clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ye
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705-2222, USA
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243
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Le CH, Han J, Borchers CH. Dithranol as a MALDI Matrix for Tissue Imaging of Lipids by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2012; 84:8391-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac301901s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuong H. Le
- University of Victoria-Genome
BC Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, Vancouver Island Technology Park, 3101−4464 Markham Street,
Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 7X8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and
Microbiology, University of Victoria, 3800
Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Jun Han
- University of Victoria-Genome
BC Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, Vancouver Island Technology Park, 3101−4464 Markham Street,
Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Christoph H. Borchers
- University of Victoria-Genome
BC Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, Vancouver Island Technology Park, 3101−4464 Markham Street,
Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 7X8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and
Microbiology, University of Victoria, 3800
Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
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244
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Kubo A, Kajimura M, Suematsu M. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) Imaging Mass Spectrometry (IMS): A Challenge for Reliable Quantitative Analyses. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2012; 1:A0004. [PMID: 24349905 PMCID: PMC3775825 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.a0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) is capable of determining the distribution of hundreds of molecules at once directly from tissue sections. Since tissues are analyzed intact without homogenization, spatial relationships of molecules are preserved. The technology is, therefore, undoubtedly powerful to investigate the molecular complexity of biological processes. However, several technical refinements are essential for full exploitation of MALDI-IMS to dictate dynamics alteration of biomolecules in situ; these include ways to collect tissues, target-specific tissue pretreatment, matrix choice for efficient ionization, and matrix deposition method to improve imaging resolution. Furthermore, for MALDI-IMS to reach its full potential, quantitative property in the IMS should be strengthened. We review the challenges and new approaches for optimal imaging of proteins, lipids and metabolites, highlighting a novel quantitative IMS of energy metabolites in the recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Kubo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keio University
| | - Mayumi Kajimura
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keio University
- JST, ERATO, Suematsu Gas Biology Project
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keio University
- JST, ERATO, Suematsu Gas Biology Project
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245
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Sparvero L, Amoscato A, Dixon C, Long J, Kochanek P, Pitt B, Bayir H, Kagan V. Mapping of phospholipids by MALDI imaging (MALDI-MSI): realities and expectations. Chem Phys Lipids 2012; 165:545-62. [PMID: 22692104 PMCID: PMC3642772 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) has emerged as a novel powerful MS methodology that has the ability to generate both molecular and spatial information within a tissue section. Application of this technology as a new type of biochemical lipid microscopy may lead to new discoveries of the lipid metabolism and biomarkers associated with area-specific alterations or damage under stress/disease conditions such as traumatic brain injury or acute lung injury, among others. However there are limitations in the range of what it can detect as compared with liquid chromatography-MS (LC-MS) of a lipid extract from a tissue section. The goal of the current work was to critically consider remarkable new opportunities along with the limitations and approaches for further improvements of MALDI-MSI. Based on our experimental data and assessments, improvements of the spectral and spatial resolution, sensitivity and specificity towards low abundance species of lipids are proposed. This is followed by a review of the current literature, including methodologies that other laboratories have used to overcome these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.J. Sparvero
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - A.A. Amoscato
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - C.E. Dixon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - J.B. Long
- Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 21910, USA
| | - P.M. Kochanek
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - B.R. Pitt
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - H. Bayir
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - V.E. Kagan
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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246
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Hu JB, Chen YC, Urban PL. On-target labeling of intracellular metabolites combined with chemical mapping of individual hyphae revealing cytoplasmic relocation of isotopologues. Anal Chem 2012; 84:5110-6. [PMID: 22583035 DOI: 10.1021/ac300903x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A microscale analytical platform integrating microbial cell culture, isotopic labeling, along with visual and mass spectrometric imaging with single-cell resolution has been developed and applied in the monitoring of cellular metabolism in fungal mycelium. The method implements open chips with a two-dimensional surface pattern composed of hydrophobic and hydrophilic zones. Two hydrophilic islands are used as medium reservoirs, while the hydrophobic area constitutes the support for the growing aerial hyphae, which do not have direct contact with the medium. The first island, containing (12)C(6)-glucose medium, was initially inoculated with the mycelium (Neurospora crassa), and following the initial incubation period, the hyphae progressed toward the second medium island, containing an isotopically labeled substrate ((13)C(6)-glucose). The (13)C atoms were gradually incorporated into cellular metabolites, which was revealed by MALDI-MS. The fate of the chitin-biosynthesis precursor, uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), was monitored by recording mass spectra with characteristic isotopic patterns, which indicated the presence of various (12)C/(13)C isotopologues. The method enabled mapping the (13)C-labeled UDP-GlcNAc in fungal mycelium and recording its redistribution in hyphae, directly on the chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Bi Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rd, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
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247
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Imaging mass spectrometry of thin tissue sections: a decade of collective efforts. J Proteomics 2012; 75:4883-4892. [PMID: 22525544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry (MS) allows to monitor the spatial distribution and abundance of endogenous and administered compounds present within tissue specimens. Several different but complementary imaging MS technologies have been developed allowing the analysis of a wide variety of compounds including inorganic elementals, metabolites, lipids, peptides, proteins and xenobiotics with spatial resolutions from micrometer to nanometer scales. In the past decade, an enormous collective body of work has been done to develop and improve the imaging MS technology. This article gives a historical perspective, an overview of the principle and status of the technology and lists the main fields of applications. It also enumerates some of the critical challenges we need to collectively address for imaging MS to be considered a mainstream analytical method.
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