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Abstract
Scaling up SARS-CoV-2 testing during the COVID-19 pandemic was critical to maintaining clinical operations and an open society. Pooled testing and automation were two critical strategies used by laboratories to meet the unprecedented demand. Here, we review these and other cutting-edge strategies that sought to expand SARS-CoV-2 testing capacity while maintaining high individual test performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchita Das
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Karen M Frank
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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202
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Mittal D, Ali SA. Use of Nanomaterials for Diagnosis and Treatment: The Advancement of Next-Generation Antiviral Therapy. Microb Drug Resist 2022; 28:670-697. [PMID: 35696335 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2021.0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, viral illness propagation is the leading cause of morbidity and death, causing wreaking havoc on socioeconomic development and health care systems. The rise of infected individuals has outpaced the existing critical care facilities. Early and sophisticated methods are desperately required in this respect to halt the spread of the infection. Therefore, early detection of infectious agents and an early treatment approach may help minimize viral outbreaks. Conventional point-of-care diagnostic techniques such as computed tomography scan, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), X-ray, and immunoassay are still deemed valuable. However, the labor demanding, low sensitivity, and complex infrastructure needed for these methods preclude their use in distant areas. Nanotechnology has emerged as a potentially transformative technology due to its promise as an effective theranostic platform for diagnosing and treating viral infection, circumventing the limits of traditional techniques. Their unique physical and chemical characteristics make nanoparticles (NPs) advantageous for drug delivery platforms due to their size, encapsulation efficiency, improved bioavailability, effectiveness, immunogenicity, and antiviral response. This study discusses the recent research on nanotechnology-based treatments designed to combat new viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Mittal
- Nanosafety Lab, Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, Haryana, India
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203
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Gholami MD, Guppy-Coles K, Nihal S, Langguth D, Sonar P, Ayoko GA, Punyadeera C, Izake EL. A paper-based optical sensor for the screening of viruses through the cysteine residues of their surface proteins: A proof of concept on the detection of coronavirus infection. Talanta 2022; 248:123630. [PMID: 35660992 PMCID: PMC9153203 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a serious threat to human health. Current methods such as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) are complex, expensive, and time-consuming. Rapid, and simple screening methods for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 are critically required to fight the current pandemic. In this work we present a proof of concept for, a simple optical sensing method for the screening of SARS-CoV-2 through its spike protein subunit S1. The method utilizes a target-specific extractor chip to bind the protein from the biological specimens. The disulfide bonds of the protein are then reduced into a biothiol with sulfhydryl (SH) groups that react with a blue-colored benzothiazole azo dye-Hg complex (BAN-Hg) and causes the spontaneous change of its blue color to pink which is observable by the naked eye. A linear relationship between the intensity of the pink color and the logarithm of reduced S1 protein concentration was found within the working range 130 ng.mL−1-1.3 pg mL−1. The lowest limit of detection (LOD) of the assay was 130 fg mL−1. A paper based optical sensor was fabricated by loading the BAN-Hg sensor onto filter paper and used to screen the S1 protein in spiked saliva and patients’ nasopharyngeal swabs. The results obtained by the paper sensor corroborated with those obtained by qRT-PCR. The new paper-based sensing method can be extended to the screening of many viruses (e.g. the human immunodeficiency virus, the human polyomavirus, the human papilloma virus, the adeno associated viruses, the enteroviruses) through the cysteine residues of their capsid proteins. The new method has strong potential for screening viruses at pathology labs and in remote areas that lacks advanced scientific infrastructure. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate the new sensing method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz D Gholami
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Kristyan Guppy-Coles
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Serena Nihal
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Daman Langguth
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, 4066, Australia; Department of Immunology, Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Prashant Sonar
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia; Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technology, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Godwin A Ayoko
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia; Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland (MIHQ), Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Emad L Izake
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia; Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technology, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
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204
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Controlled nano-agglomerates as stabile SERS reporters for unequivocal labelling. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8977. [PMID: 35643864 PMCID: PMC9142785 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12989-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosensors, especially those with a SERS readout, are required for an early and precise healthcare diagnosis. Unreproducible SERS platforms hamper clinical SERS. Here we report a synthetic procedure to obtain stabile, reproducible and robust highly-SERS performing nanocomposites for labelling. We controlled the NPs agglomeration and codification which resulted in an increased number of hot spots, thus exhibiting reproducible and superior Raman enhancement. We studied fundamental aspects affecting the plasmonic thiol bond resulting in pH exhibiting a determining role. We validated their biosensing performance by designing a SERS-based detection assay model for SARS-CoV-2. The limit of detection of our assay detecting the spike RBD was below 10 ng/mL.
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205
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Kong J, Li W, Hu J, Zhao S, Yue T, Li Z, Xia Y. The Safety of Cold-Chain Food in Post-COVID-19 Pandemic: Precaution and Quarantine. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111540. [PMID: 35681292 PMCID: PMC9180738 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), cold-chain food contamination caused by the pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has attracted huge concern. Cold-chain foods provide a congenial environment for SARS-CoV-2 survival, which presents a potential risk for public health. Strengthening the SARS-CoV-2 supervision of cold-chain foods has become the top priority in many countries. Methodologically, the potential safety risks and precaution measures of SARS-CoV-2 contamination on cold-chain food are analyzed. To ensure the safety of cold-chain foods, the advances in SARS-CoV-2 detection strategies are summarized based on technical principles and target biomarkers. In particular, the techniques suitable for SARS-CoV-2 detection in a cold-chain environment are discussed. Although many quarantine techniques are available, the field-based quarantine technique on cold-chain food with characteristics of real-time, sensitive, specific, portable, and large-scale application is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Kong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.K.); (W.L.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (T.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Wenxin Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.K.); (W.L.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (T.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Jinyao Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.K.); (W.L.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (T.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Shixuan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.K.); (W.L.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (T.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.K.); (W.L.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (T.Y.); (Z.L.)
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zhonghong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.K.); (W.L.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (T.Y.); (Z.L.)
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yinqiang Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.K.); (W.L.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (T.Y.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-151-2222-5493
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206
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Kumar A, Parihar A, Panda U, Parihar DS. Microfluidics-Based Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) Devices in Dealing with Waves of COVID-19 Pandemic: The Emerging Solution. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:2046-2068. [PMID: 35473316 PMCID: PMC9063993 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in microfluidics-based point-of-care testing (POCT) technology such as paper, array, and beads have shown promising results for diagnosing various infectious diseases. The fast and timely detection of viral infection has proven to be a critical step for deciding the therapeutic outcome in the current COVID-19 pandemic, which in turn not only enhances the patient survival rate but also reduces the disease-associated comorbidities. In the present scenario, rapid, noninvasive detection of the virus using low cost and high throughput microfluidics-based POCT devices embraces the advantages over existing diagnostic technologies, for which a centralized lab facility, expensive instruments, sample pretreatment, and skilled personnel are required. Microfluidic-based multiplexed POCT devices can be a boon for clinical diagnosis in developing countries that lacks a centralized health care system and resources. The microfluidic devices can be used for disease diagnosis and exploited for the development and testing of drug efficacy for disease treatment in model systems. The havoc created by the second wave of COVID-19 led several countries' governments to the back front. The lack of diagnostic kits, medical devices, and human resources created a huge demand for a technology that can be remotely operated with single touch and data that can be analyzed on a phone. Recent advancements in information technology and the use of smartphones led to a paradigm shift in the development of diagnostic devices, which can be explored to deal with the current pandemic situation. This review sheds light on various approaches for the development of cost-effective microfluidics POCT devices. The successfully used microfluidic devices for COVID-19 detection under clinical settings along with their pros and cons have been discussed here. Further, the integration of microfluidic devices with smartphones and wireless network systems using the Internet-of-things will enable readers for manufacturing advanced POCT devices for remote disease management in low resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Indian Institute of Information Technology Design & Manufacturing
Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127, India
| | - Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials,
CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
(AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026,
India
| | - Udwesh Panda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Indian Institute of Information Technology Design & Manufacturing
Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127, India
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207
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Rapid Optical Biosensing of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins in Artificial Samples. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22103768. [PMID: 35632177 PMCID: PMC9146222 DOI: 10.3390/s22103768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Tests for SARS-CoV-2 are crucial for the mass surveillance of the incidence of infection. The long waiting time for classic nucleic acid test results highlights the importance of developing alternative rapid biosensing methods. Herein, we propose a fiber-optic biolayer interferometry-based biosensor (FO-BLI) to detect SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins, extracellular domain (ECD), and receptor-binding domain (RBD) in artificial samples in 13 min. The FO-BLI biosensor utilized an antibody pair to capture and detect the spike proteins. The secondary antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) reacted with the enzyme substrate for signal amplification. Two types of substrates, 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and an advanced 3-Amino-9-ethylcarbazole (i.e., AMEC), were applied to evaluate their capabilities in enhancing signals and reaching high sensitivity. After careful comparison, the AMEC-based FO-BLI biosensor showed better assay performance, which detected ECD at a concentration of 32-720 pM and RBD of 12.5-400 pM in artificial saliva and serum, respectively. The limit of detection (LoD) for SARS-CoV-2 ECD and RBD was defined to be 36 pM and 12.5 pM, respectively. Morphology of the metal precipitates generated by the AMEC-HRP reaction in the fiber tips was observed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Collectively, the developed FO-BLI biosensor has the potential to rapidly detect SARS-CoV-2 antigens and provide guidance for "sample-collect and result-out on-site" mode.
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208
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Hemamalini V, Anand L, Nachiyappan S, Geeitha S, Ramana Motupalli V, Kumar R, Ahilan A, Rajesh M. Integrating bio medical sensors in detecting hidden signatures of COVID-19 with Artificial intelligence. MEASUREMENT : JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL MEASUREMENT CONFEDERATION 2022; 194:111054. [PMID: 35368881 PMCID: PMC8957369 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2022.111054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Today COVID-19 pandemic articulates high stress on clinical resources around the world. At present, physical and viral tests are slowly emerging, and there is a need for robust pandemic detection that biomedical sensors can aid. The utility of biomedical sensors is correlated with the medical instruments with physiological metrics. These Biomedical sensors are integrated with the systematic device to track the target analytes with a biomedical component. The COVID-19 patients' samples are collected, and biomarkers are detected using four sensors: blood pressure sensor, G-FET based biosensor, electrochemical sensor, and potentiometric sensor with different quantifiable measures. The imputed data is then profiled with chest X-ray images from the Covid-19 patients.Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), an AI model, is deployed to identify the hidden signatures with biomarkers. The performance of the biosensor is measured with three parameters such as sensitivity, specificity and detection limit by generating the calibration plots that accurately fits the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Hemamalini
- School Computing Science and Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - L Anand
- School Computing Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Nachiyappan
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, VIT Chennai, India
| | - S Geeitha
- Department of Information Technology, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, India
| | - Venkata Ramana Motupalli
- Computer Science and Engineering, Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Utukur, C. K. Dinne, Ysr kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, India
| | - A Ahilan
- Department of Electronics and Communication, PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli, India
| | - M Rajesh
- Department of Computer Science Engineering, Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, India
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209
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Yang Y, Murray J, Haverstick J, Tripp RA, Zhao Y. Silver nanotriangle array based LSPR sensor for rapid coronavirus detection. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2022; 359:131604. [PMID: 35221531 PMCID: PMC8857771 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2022.131604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, portable, and cost-effective method to detect the infection of SARS-CoV-2 is fundamental toward mitigating the current COVID-19 pandemic. Herein, a human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protein (ACE2) functionalized silver nanotriangle (AgNT) array localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor is developed for rapid coronavirus detection, which is validated by SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD protein and CoV NL63 virus with high sensitivity and specificity. A linear shift of the LSPR wavelength versus the logarithm of the concentration of the spike RBD protein and CoV NL63 is observed. The limits of detection for the spike RBD protein, CoV NL63 in buffer and untreated saliva are determined to be 0.83 pM, 391 PFU/mL, and 625 PFU/mL, respectively, while the detection time is found to be less than 20 min. Thus, the AgNT array optical sensor could serve as a potential rapid point-of-care COVID-19 diagnostic platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Yang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Jackelyn Murray
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - James Haverstick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ralph A Tripp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Yiping Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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210
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Mana T, Bhattacharya B, Lahiri H, Mukhopadhyay R. XNAs: A Troubleshooter for Nucleic Acid Sensing. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:15296-15307. [PMID: 35571783 PMCID: PMC9096816 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The strategies for nucleic acid sensing based on nucleic acid hybridization between the target sequence and the capture probe sequence are considered to be largely successful as far as detection of a specific target of known sequence is concerned. However, when compared with other complementary methods, like direct sequencing, a number of results are still found to be either "false positives" or "false negatives". This suggests that modifications in these strategies are necessary to make them more accurate. In this minireview, we propose that one way toward improvement could be replacement of the DNA capture probes with the xeno nucleic acid or XNA capture probes. This is because the XNAs, especially the locked nucleic acid, the peptide nucleic acid, and the morpholino, have shown better single nucleobase mismatch discrimination capacity than the DNA capture probes, indicating their capacity for more precise detection of nucleic acid sequences, which is beneficial for detection of gene stretches having point mutations. Keeping the current trend in mind, this minireview will include the recent developments in nanoscale, fluorescent label-free applications, and present the cases where the XNA probes show clear advantages over the DNA probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Mana
- School
of Biological Sciences, Indian Association
for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Budhaditya Bhattacharya
- School
of Biological Sciences, Indian Association
for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Hiya Lahiri
- School
of Biological Sciences, Indian Association
for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Rupa Mukhopadhyay
- School
of Biological Sciences, Indian Association
for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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211
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Rahimi R, Solimannejad M. B3O3 monolayer with dual application in sensing of COVID-19 biomarkers and drug delivery for treatment purposes: A periodic DFT study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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212
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Babaei A, Pouremamali A, Rafiee N, Sohrabi H, Mokhtarzadeh A, de la Guardia M. Genosensors as an alternative diagnostic sensing approaches for specific detection of various certain viruses: a review of common techniques and outcomes. Trends Analyt Chem 2022; 155:116686. [PMID: 35611316 PMCID: PMC9119280 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Viral infections are responsible for the deaths of millions of people throughout the world. Since outbreak of highly contagious and mutant viruses such as contemporary sars-cov-2 pandemic, has challenged the conventional diagnostic methods, the entity of a thoroughly sensitive, specific, rapid and inexpensive detecting technique with minimum level of false-positivity or -negativity, is desperately needed more than any time in the past decades. Biosensors as minimized devices could detect viruses in simple formats. So far, various nucleic acid, immune- and protein-based biosensors were designed and tested for recognizing the genome, antigen, or protein level of viruses, respectively; however, nucleic acid-based sensing techniques, which is the foundation of constructing genosensors, are preferred not only because of their ultra-sensitivity and applicability in the early stages of infections but also for their ability to differentiate various strains of the same virus. To date, the review articles related to genosensors are just confined to particular pathogenic diseases; In this regard, the present review covers comprehensive information of the research progress of the electrochemical, optical, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) genosensors that applied for human viruses' diseases detection and also provides a well description of viruses' clinical importance, the conventional diagnosis approaches of viruses and their disadvantages. This review would address the limitations in the current developments as well as the future challenges involved in the successful construction of sensing approaches with the functionalized nanomaterials and also allow exploring into core-research works regarding this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abouzar Babaei
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Pouremamali
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Rafiee
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hessamaddin Sohrabi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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213
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Habimana JDD, Huang R, Muhoza B, Kalisa YN, Han X, Deng W, Li Z. Mechanistic insights of CRISPR/Cas nucleases for programmable targeting and early-stage diagnosis: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 203:114033. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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214
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Selmani A, Kovačević D, Bohinc K. Nanoparticles: From synthesis to applications and beyond. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 303:102640. [PMID: 35358806 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In modern-day research, nanoparticles (size < 100nm) are an indispensable tool for various applications, especially in the field of biomedicine. Although enormous efforts have been made to understand the properties and specificities of nanoparticles, many questions are still not answered and the new ones arise. In this review we summarize current trends in the nanoparticle synthesis and characterization and interpret the stability of nanoparticles in various media from aqueous solutions to biological milieu important for the in vitro and in vivo studies. To get more detailed insight into nanoparticle charging properties and interactions of nanoparticles with interfaces the theoretical models are presented. Finally, the overview of nanoparticle applications is given and the future prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiđa Selmani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Davor Kovačević
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Klemen Bohinc
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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215
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Han G, Lin Q, Yi J, Lyu Q, Ma Q, Qiao L. Isothermal gene amplification coupled MALDI-TOF MS for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Talanta 2022; 242:123297. [PMID: 35151081 PMCID: PMC8821030 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been spreading worldwide for more than a year and has undergone several mutations and evolutions. Due to the lack of effective therapeutics and long-active vaccines, accurate and large-scale screening and early diagnosis of infected individuals are crucial to control the pandemic. Nevertheless, the current widely used RT-qPCR-based methods suffer from complicated temperature control, long processing time and the risk of false-negative results. Herein, we present a three-way junction induced exponential rolling circle amplification (3WJ-eRCA) combined MALDI-TOF MS assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection. The assay can detect simultaneously the target nucleocapsid (N) and open reading frame 1 ab (orf1ab) genes of SARS-CoV-2 in a single test within 30 min, with an isothermal process (55 °C). High specificity to discriminate SARS-CoV-2 from other coronaviruses, like SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and bat SARS-like coronavirus (bat-SL-CoVZC45), was observed. We have further used the method to detect pseudovirus of SARS-CoV-2 in various matrices, e.g. water, saliva and urine. The results demonstrated a great potential of the method for large scale screening of COVID-19, which is an important part of the pandemic control.
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216
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Zheng F, Chen Z, Li J, Wu R, Zhang B, Nie G, Xie Z, Zhang H. A Highly Sensitive CRISPR-Empowered Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Diagnosis of Inherited Diseases with Femtomolar-Level Real-Time Quantification. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105231. [PMID: 35343100 PMCID: PMC9108660 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) molecular system has emerged as a promising technology for the detection of nucleic acids. Herein, the development of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor that is functionalized with a layer of locally grown graphdiyne film, achieving excellent sensing performance when coupled with catalytically deactivated CRISPR-associated protein 9 (dCas9), is reported. dCas9 protein is immobilized on the sensor surface and complexed with a specific single-guide RNA, enabling the amplification-free detection of target sequences within genomic DNA. The sensor, termed CRISPR-SPR-Chip, is used to successfully analyze recombinant plasmids with only three-base mutations with a limit of detection as low as 1.3 fM. Real-time monitoring CRISPR-SPR-Chip is used to analyze clinical samples of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy with two exon deletions, which are detected without any pre-amplification step, yielding significantly positive results within 5 min. The ability of this novel CRISPR-empowered SPR (CRISPR-eSPR) sensing platform to rapidly, precisely, sensitively, and specifically detect a target gene sequence provides a new on-chip optic approach for clinical gene analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zheng
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and OptoelectronicsInternational Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationShenzhen Institute of Translational MedicineDepartment of OtolaryngologyShenzhen Second People's Hospitalthe First Affiliated HospitalInstitute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P.R. China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and OptoelectronicsInternational Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationShenzhen Institute of Translational MedicineDepartment of OtolaryngologyShenzhen Second People's Hospitalthe First Affiliated HospitalInstitute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P.R. China
| | - Jingfeng Li
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and OptoelectronicsInternational Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationShenzhen Institute of Translational MedicineDepartment of OtolaryngologyShenzhen Second People's Hospitalthe First Affiliated HospitalInstitute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P.R. China
- Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical ResearchShenzhen518110China
| | - Rui Wu
- Laboratory of Robotics and SystemHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and OptoelectronicsInternational Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationShenzhen Institute of Translational MedicineDepartment of OtolaryngologyShenzhen Second People's Hospitalthe First Affiliated HospitalInstitute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P.R. China
| | - Guohui Nie
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and OptoelectronicsInternational Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationShenzhen Institute of Translational MedicineDepartment of OtolaryngologyShenzhen Second People's Hospitalthe First Affiliated HospitalInstitute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P.R. China
| | - Zhongjian Xie
- Institute of PediatricsShenzhen Children's HospitalShenzhenGuangdong518038P. R. China
- Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical ResearchShenzhenGuangdong518116P. R. China
| | - Han Zhang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and OptoelectronicsInternational Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationShenzhen Institute of Translational MedicineDepartment of OtolaryngologyShenzhen Second People's Hospitalthe First Affiliated HospitalInstitute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P.R. China
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217
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Microfluidics Technology in SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis and Beyond: A Systematic Review. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050649. [PMID: 35629317 PMCID: PMC9146058 DOI: 10.3390/life12050649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
With the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic, new technologies are being implemented for more rapid, scalable, and sensitive diagnostics. The implementation of microfluidic techniques and their amalgamation with different detection techniques has led to innovative diagnostics kits to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, antigens, and nucleic acids. In this review, we explore the different microfluidic-based diagnostics kits and how their amalgamation with the various detection techniques has spearheaded their availability throughout the world. Three other online databases, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, were referred for articles. One thousand one hundred sixty-four articles were determined with the search algorithm of microfluidics followed by diagnostics and SARS-CoV-2. We found that most of the materials used to produce microfluidics devices were the polymer materials such as PDMS, PMMA, and others. Centrifugal force is the most commonly used fluid manipulation technique, followed by electrochemical pumping, capillary action, and isotachophoresis. The implementation of the detection technique varied. In the case of antibody detection, spectrometer-based detection was most common, followed by fluorescence-based as well as colorimetry-based. In contrast, antigen detection implemented electrochemical-based detection followed by fluorescence-based detection, and spectrometer-based detection were most common. Finally, nucleic acid detection exclusively implements fluorescence-based detection with a few colorimetry-based detections. It has been further observed that the sensitivity and specificity of most devices varied with implementing the detection-based technique alongside the fluid manipulation technique. Most microfluidics devices are simple and incorporate the detection-based system within the device. This simplifies the deployment of such devices in a wide range of environments. They can play a significant role in increasing the rate of infection detection and facilitating better health services.
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218
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Yang CL, Zhang YQ, He JY, Li MD, Yuan R, Xu WJ. Target Deoxyribonucleic Acid-Recycled Lighting-Up Amplifiable Ratiometric Fluorescence Biosensing of Bicolor Silver Nanoclusters Hosted in a Switchable Deoxyribonucleic Acid Construct. Anal Chem 2022; 94:6703-6710. [PMID: 35476420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ratiometric assays of label-free dual-signaling reporters with enzyme-free amplification are intriguing yet challenging. Herein, yellow- and red-silver nanocluster (yH-AgNC and rH-AgNC) acting as bicolor ratiometric emitters are guided to site-specifically cluster in two template signaling hairpins (yH and rH), respectively, and originally, both of them are almost non-fluorescent. The predesigned complement tethered in yH is recognizable to a DNA trigger (TOC) related to SARS-CoV-2. With the help of an enhancer strand (G15E) tethering G-rich bases (G15) and a linker strand (LS), a switchable DNA construct is assembled via their complementary hybridizing with yH and rH, in which the harbored yH-AgNC close to G15 is lighted-up. Upon introducing TOC, its affinity ligating with yH is further implemented to unfold rH and induce the DNA construct switching into closed conformation, causing TOC-repeatable recycling amplification through competitive strand displacement. Consequently, the harbored rH-AgNC is also placed adjacent to G15 for turning on its red fluorescence, while the yH-AgNC is retainable. As demonstrated, the intensity ratio dependent on varying TOC is reliable with high sensitivity down to 0.27 pM. By lighting-up dual-cluster emitters using one G15 enhancer, it would be promising to exploit a simpler ratiometric biosensing format for bioassays or clinical theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yu-Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jia-Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Meng-Die Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Wen-Ju Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
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219
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Retout M, Mantri Y, Jin Z, Zhou J, Noël G, Donovan B, Yim W, Jokerst JV. Peptide-Induced Fractal Assembly of Silver Nanoparticles for Visual Detection of Disease Biomarkers. ACS NANO 2022; 16:6165-6175. [PMID: 35377141 PMCID: PMC9530071 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c11643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report the peptide-programmed fractal assembly of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) mode, and this change in morphology generates a significant color change. We show that peptides with specific repetitions of defined amino acids (i.e., arginine, histidine, or phenylalanine) can induce assembly and coalescence of the AgNPs (20 nm) into a hyperbranched structure (AgFSs) (∼2 μm). The dynamic process of this assembly was systematically investigated, and the extinction of the nanostructures can be modulated from 400 to 600 nm by varying the peptide sequences and molar ratio. According to this rationale, two strategies of SARS-CoV-2 detection were investigated. The activity of the main protease (Mpro) involved in SARS-CoV-2 was validated with a peptide substrate that can bridge the AgNPs after the proteolytic cleavage. A sub-nanomolar limit of detection (0.5 nM) and the capacity to distinguish by the naked eye in a wide concentration range (1.25-30 nM) were achieved. Next, a multichannel sensor-array based on multiplex peptides that can visually distinguish SARS-CoV-2 proteases from influenza proteases in doped human samples was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Grégoire Noël
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
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220
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Yoon J, Conley BM, Shin M, Choi JH, Bektas CK, Choi JW, Lee KB. Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Detection of Mutated Viral RNAs with Single-Nucleotide Resolution Using a Nanoporous Electrode Array (NPEA). ACS NANO 2022; 16:5764-5777. [PMID: 35362957 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The detection of nucleic acids and their mutation derivatives is vital for biomedical science and applications. Although many nucleic acid biosensors have been developed, they often require pretreatment processes, such as target amplification and tagging probes to nucleic acids. Moreover, current biosensors typically cannot detect sequence-specific mutations in the targeted nucleic acids. To address the above problems, herein, we developed an electrochemical nanobiosensing system using a phenomenon comprising metal ion intercalation into the targeted mismatched double-stranded nucleic acids and a homogeneous Au nanoporous electrode array (Au NPEA) to obtain (i) sensitive detection of viral RNA without conventional tagging and amplifying processes, (ii) determination of viral mutation occurrence in a simple detection manner, and (iii) multiplexed detection of several RNA targets simultaneously. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, a SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA and its mutation derivative were used in this study. Our developed nanobiosensor exhibited highly sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA (∼1 fM detection limit) without tagging and amplifying steps. In addition, a single point mutation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in a one-step analysis. Furthermore, multiplexed detection of several SARS-CoV-2 RNAs was successfully demonstrated using a single chip with four combinatorial NPEAs generated by a 3D printing technique. Collectively, our developed nanobiosensor provides a promising platform technology capable of detecting various nucleic acids and their mutation derivatives in highly sensitive, simple, and time-effective manners for point-of-care biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey,123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Brian M Conley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey,123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Minkyu Shin
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ha Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Cemile Kilic Bektas
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey,123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Jeong-Woo Choi
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey,123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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221
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Saad Y, Gazzah MH, Mougin K, Selmi M, Belmabrouk H. Sensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using a Novel Plasmonic Fiber Optic Biosensor Design. PLASMONICS (NORWELL, MASS.) 2022; 17:1489-1500. [PMID: 35493722 PMCID: PMC9034078 DOI: 10.1007/s11468-022-01639-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has put the entire world at risk and caused an economic downturn in most countries. This work provided theoretical insight into a novel fiber optic-based plasmonic biosensor that can be used for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2. The aim was always to achieve reliable, sensitive, and reproducible detection. The proposed configuration is based on Ag-Au alloy nanoparticle films covered with a layer of graphene which promotes the molecular adsorption and a thiol-tethered DNA layer as a ligand. Here, the combination of two recent approaches in a single configuration is very promising and can only lead to considerable improvement. We have theoretically analyzed the sensor performance in terms of sensitivity and resolution. To highlight the importance of the new configuration, a comparison was made with two other sensors. One is based on gold nanoparticles incorporated into a host medium; the other is composed of a bimetallic Ag-Au layer in the massive state. The numerical results obtained have been validated and show that the proposed configuration offers better sensitivity (7100 nm\RIU) and good resolution (figure of merit; FOM = 38.88 RIU - 1 and signal-to-noise ratio; SNR = 0.388). In addition, a parametric study was performed such as the graphene layers' number and the size of the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra Saad
- Laboratory of Quantum and Statistical Physics, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Hichem Gazzah
- Laboratory of Quantum and Statistical Physics, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Karine Mougin
- University of Haute-Alsace, Institute of Materials Science of Mulhouse, IS2M-CNRS-UMR 7361, 15 Rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Marwa Selmi
- Laboratory of Electronics and Microelectronics, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hafedh Belmabrouk
- Laboratory of Electronics and Microelectronics, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
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222
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Abstract
Current advances in the fabrication of smart nanomaterials and nanostructured surfaces find wide usage in the biomedical field. In this context, nanosensors based on localized surface plasmon resonance exhibit unprecedented optical features that can be exploited to reduce the costs, analytic times, and need for expensive lab equipment. Moreover, they are promising for the design of nanoplatforms with multiple functionalities (e.g., multiplexed detection) with large integration within microelectronics and microfluidics. In this review, we summarize the most recent design strategies, fabrication approaches, and bio-applications of plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) arranged in colloids, nanoarrays, and nanocomposites. After a brief introduction on the physical principles behind plasmonic nanostructures both as inherent optical detection and as nanoantennas for external signal amplification, we classify the proposed examples in colloid-based devices when plasmonic NPs operate in solution, nanoarrays when they are assembled or fabricated on rigid substrates, and nanocomposites when they are assembled within flexible/polymeric substrates. We highlight the main biomedical applications of the proposed devices and offer a general overview of the main strengths and limitations of the currently available plasmonic nanodevices.
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223
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Hamza ME, Othman MA, Swillam MA. Plasmonic Biosensors: Review. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:621. [PMID: 35625349 PMCID: PMC9138269 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors have globally been considered as biomedical diagnostic tools required in abundant areas including the development of diseases, detection of viruses, diagnosing ecological pollution, food monitoring, and a wide range of other diagnostic and therapeutic biomedical research. Recently, the broadly emerging and promising technique of plasmonic resonance has proven to provide label-free and highly sensitive real-time analysis when used in biosensing applications. In this review, a thorough discussion regarding the most recent techniques used in the design, fabrication, and characterization of plasmonic biosensors is conducted in addition to a comparison between those techniques with regard to their advantages and possible drawbacks when applied in different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohamed A. Swillam
- Nanophotonics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, The American University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt; (M.E.H.); (M.A.O.)
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224
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Gutiérrez Rodelo C, Salinas RA, Armenta JaimeArmenta E, Armenta S, Galdámez-Martínez A, Castillo-Blum SE, Astudillo-de la Vega H, Nirmala Grace A, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Gutiérrez Rodelo J, Christie G, Alsanie WF, Santana G, Thakur VK, Dutt A. Zinc associated nanomaterials and their intervention in emerging respiratory viruses: Journey to the field of biomedicine and biomaterials. Coord Chem Rev 2022; 457:214402. [PMID: 35095109 PMCID: PMC8788306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses represent a severe public health risk worldwide, and the research contribution to tackle the current pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 is one of the main targets among the scientific community. In this regard, experts from different fields have gathered to confront this catastrophic pandemic. This review illustrates how nanotechnology intervention could be valuable in solving this difficult situation, and the state of the art of Zn-based nanostructures are discussed in detail. For virus detection, learning from the experience of other respiratory viruses such as influenza, the potential use of Zn nanomaterials as suitable sensing platforms to recognize the S1 spike protein in SARS-CoV-2 are shown. Furthermore, a discussion about the antiviral mechanisms reported for ZnO nanostructures is included, which can help develop surface disinfectants and protective coatings. At the same time, the properties of Zn-based materials as supplements for reducing viral activity and the recovery of infected patients are illustrated. Within the scope of noble adjuvants to improve the immune response, the ZnO NPs properties as immunomodulators are explained, and potential prototypes of nanoengineered particles with metallic cations (like Zn2+) are suggested. Therefore, using Zn-associated nanomaterials from detection to disinfection, supplementation, and immunomodulation opens a wide area of opportunities to combat these emerging respiratory viruses. Finally, the attractive properties of these nanomaterials can be extrapolated to new clinical challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citlaly Gutiérrez Rodelo
- Healthcare Business and Computer Technology, Mexico
- Nanopharmacia Diagnostica, Tlaxcala No. 146/705, Col. Roma Sur, Cuauhtémoc, Cuidad de México, C.P. 06760, Mexico
| | - Rafael A Salinas
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CIBA-IPN), Tlaxcala 72197, Mexico
| | - Erika Armenta JaimeArmenta
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, DF 04510, México
| | - Silvia Armenta
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 3649 Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Andrés Galdámez-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacan, México City, C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Silvia E Castillo-Blum
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, DF 04510, México
| | - Horacio Astudillo-de la Vega
- Healthcare Business and Computer Technology, Mexico
- Nanopharmacia Diagnostica, Tlaxcala No. 146/705, Col. Roma Sur, Cuauhtémoc, Cuidad de México, C.P. 06760, Mexico
| | - Andrews Nirmala Grace
- Centre for Nanotechnology Research, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
| | - Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas y Dirección de Nutrición. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico
| | - Juliana Gutiérrez Rodelo
- Instituto Méxicano del Seguro Social, Hospital General de SubZona No. 4, C.P. 80370, Navolato, Sinaloa, México
| | - Graham Christie
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QT, UK
| | - Walaa F Alsanie
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guillermo Santana
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacan, México City, C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ateet Dutt
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacan, México City, C.P. 04510, Mexico
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225
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Alhadrami HA, Suaifan GARY, Zourob MM. A Portable Nanoprobe for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 S1 Protein. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12040232. [PMID: 35448292 PMCID: PMC9024885 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Simple, timely, and precise detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples and contaminated surfaces aids in lowering attendant morbidity/mortality related to this infectious virus. Currently applied diagnostic techniques depend on a timely laboratory report following PCR testing. However, the application of these tests is associated with inherent shortcomings due to the need for trained personnel, long-time centralized laboratories, and expensive instruments. Therefore, there is an interest in developing biosensing diagnostic frontiers that can help in eliminating these shortcomings with a relatively economical, easy-to-use, well-timed, precise and sensitive technology. This study reports the development of fabricated Q-tips designed to qualitatively and semi-quantitatively detect SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples and contaminated non-absorbable surfaces. This colorimetric sensor is engineered to sandwich SARS-CoV-2 spike protein between the lactoferrin general capturing agent and the complementary ACE2-labeled receptor. The ACE2 receptor is decorated with an orange-colored polymeric nanoparticle to generate an optical visual signal upon pairing with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This colorimetric change of the Q-tip testing zone from white to orange confirms a positive result. The visual detection limit of the COVID-19 engineered colorimetric Q-tip sensor was 100 pfu/mL within a relatively short turnaround time of 5 min. The linear working range of quantitation was 103-108 pfu/mL. The engineered sensor selectively targeted SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and did not bind to another coronavirus such as MERS-CoV, Flu A, or Flu B present on the contaminated surface. This novel detection tool is relatively cheap to produce and suitable for onsite detection of COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani A. Alhadrami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadeer A. R. Y. Suaifan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Mohammed M. Zourob
- Department of Chemistry, Alfaisal University, Al Zahrawi Street, Al Maather, Al Takhassusi Rd., Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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226
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Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Spectroscopy and Photonic Integrated Circuit (PIC) Biosensors: A Comparative Review. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22082901. [PMID: 35458884 PMCID: PMC9028357 DOI: 10.3390/s22082901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Label-free direct-optical biosensors such as surface-plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy has become a gold standard in biochemical analytics in centralized laboratories. Biosensors based on photonic integrated circuits (PIC) are based on the same physical sensing mechanism: evanescent field sensing. PIC-based biosensors can play an important role in healthcare, especially for point-of-care diagnostics, if challenges for a transfer from research laboratory to industrial applications can be overcome. Research is at this threshold, which presents a great opportunity for innovative on-site analyses in the health and environmental sectors. A deeper understanding of the innovative PIC technology is possible by comparing it with the well-established SPR spectroscopy. In this work, we shortly introduce both technologies and reveal similarities and differences. Further, we review some latest advances and compare both technologies in terms of surface functionalization and sensor performance.
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Anand U, Chandel AKS, Oleksak P, Mishra A, Krejcar O, Raval IH, Dey A, Kuca K. Recent advances in the potential applications of luminescence-based, SPR-based, and carbon-based biosensors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:2827-2853. [PMID: 35384450 PMCID: PMC8984675 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11901-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The need for biosensors has evolved in the detection of molecules, diseases, and pollution from various sources. This requirement has headed to the development of accurate and powerful equipment for analysis using biological sensing component as a biosensor. Biosensors have the advantage of rapid detection that can beat the conventional methods for the detection of the same molecules. Bio-chemiluminescence-based sensors are very sensitive during use in biological immune assay systems. Optical biosensors are emerging with time as they have the advantage that they act with a change in the refractive index. Carbon nanotube-based sensors are another area that has an important role in the biosensor field. Bioluminescence gives much higher quantum yields than classical chemiluminescence. Electro-generated bioluminescence has the advantage of miniature size and can produce a high signal-to-noise ratio and the controlled emission. Recent advances in biological techniques and instrumentation involving fluorescence tag to nanomaterials have increased the sensitivity limit of biosensors. Integrated approaches provided a better perspective for developing specific and sensitive biosensors with high regenerative potentials. This paper mainly focuses on sensors that are important for the detection of multiple molecules related to clinical and environmental applications. Key points • The review focusses on the applications of luminescence-based, surface plasmon resonance-based, carbon nanotube-based, and graphene-based biosensors • Potential clinical, environmental, agricultural, and food industry applications/uses of biosensors have been critically reviewed • The current limitations in this field are discussed, as well as the prospects for future advancement
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Arvind K Singh Chandel
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Patrik Oleksak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Amarnath Mishra
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India.
| | - Ondrej Krejcar
- Center for Basic and Applied Science, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ishan H Raval
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Institute, Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Center for Basic and Applied Science, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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A point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 test based on reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification without RNA extraction with diagnostic performance same as RT-PCR. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1200:339590. [PMID: 35256137 PMCID: PMC8844505 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The global public health crisis and economic losses resulting from the current novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic have been dire. The most used real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method needs expensive equipment, technical expertise, and a long turnaround time. Therefore, there is a need for a rapid, accurate, and alternative technique of diagnosis that is deployable at resource-poor settings like point-of-care. This study combines heat deactivation and a novel mechanical lysis method by bead beating for quick and simple sample preparation. Then, using an optimized reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay to target genes encoding the open reading frame 8 (ORF8), spike and nucleocapsid proteins of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. The test results can be read simultaneously in fluorometric and colorimetric readouts within 40 min from sample collection. We also calibrated a template transfer tool to simplify sample addition into LAMP reactions when pipetting skills are needed. Most importantly, validation of the direct RT-LAMP system based on multiplexing primers S1:ORF8 in a ratio (1:0.8) using 143 patients’ nasopharyngeal swab samples showed a diagnostic performance of 99.30% accuracy, with 98.81% sensitivity and 100% selectivity, compared to commercial RT-PCR kits. Since our workflow does not rely on RNA extraction and purification, the time-to-result is two times faster than other workflows with FDA emergency use authorization. Considering all its strengths: speed, simplicity, accuracy and extraction-free, the system can be useful for optimal point-of-care testing of COVID-19.
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Muthiah G, Sarkar A, Roy S, Singh P, Kumar P, Bhardwaj K, Jaiswal A. Nanotechnology Toolkit for Combating COVID-19 and Beyond. CHEMNANOMAT : CHEMISTRY OF NANOMATERIALS FOR ENERGY, BIOLOGY AND MORE 2022; 8:e202100505. [PMID: 35542043 PMCID: PMC9074423 DOI: 10.1002/cnma.202100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 is unlikely to be contained anytime soon with conventional medical technology. This beckons an urgent demand for novel and innovative interventions in clinical protocols, diagnostics, and therapeutics; to manage the current "disease X" and to be poised to counter its successor of like nature if one were to ever arise. To meet such a demand requires more attention to research on the viral-host interactions and on developing expeditious solutions, the kinds of which seem to spring from promising domains such as nanotechnology. Inducing activity at scales comparable to the viruses themselves, nanotechnology-based preventive measures, diagnostic tools and therapeutics for COVID-19 have been rapidly growing during the pandemic. This review covers the recent and promising nanomedicine-based solutions relating to COVID-19 and how some of these are possibly applicable to a wider range of viruses and pathogens. We also discuss the type, composition, and utility of nanostructures which play various roles specifically under prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Further, we have highlighted the adoption and commercialization of some the solutions by large and small corporations alike, as well as providing herewith an exhaustive list on nanovaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giredhar Muthiah
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
| | - Ankita Sarkar
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
| | - Shounak Roy
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
| | - Prem Singh
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
| | - Keshav Bhardwaj
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
| | - Amit Jaiswal
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
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230
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Khizar S, Elaissari A, Al-Dossary AA, Zine N, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Errachid A. Advancement in Nanoparticle-Based Biosensors for Point-of-Care In Vitro Diagnostics. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:807-833. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220401160121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Recently, there has been great progress in the field of extremely sensitive and precise detection of bioanalytes. The importance of the utilization of nanoparticles in biosensors has been recognized due to their unique properties. Specifically, nanoparticles of gold, silver, and magnetic plus graphene, quantum dots, and nanotubes of carbon are being keenly considered for utilizations within biosensors to detect nucleic acids, glucose, or pathogens (bacteria as well as a virus). Taking advantage of nanoparticles, faster and sensitive biosensors can be developed. Here we review the nanoparticles' contribution to the biosensors field and their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumera Khizar
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Amal Ali Al-Dossary
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadia Zine
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | | | - Abdelhamid Errachid
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, F-69622 Lyon, France
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231
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Watanabe K, Wu HY, Xavier J, Joshi LT, Vollmer F. Single Virus Detection on Silicon Photonic Crystal Random Cavities. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107597. [PMID: 35218293 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
On-chip silicon microcavity sensors are advantageous for the detection of virus and biomolecules due to their compactness and the enhanced light-matter interaction with the analyte. While their theoretical sensitivity is at the single-molecule level, the fabrication of high quality (Q) factor silicon cavities and their integration with optical couplers remain as major hurdles in applications such as single virus detection. Here, label-free single virus detection using silicon photonic crystal random cavities is proposed and demonstrated. The sensor chips consist of free-standing silicon photonic crystal waveguides and do not require pre-fabricated defect cavities or optical couplers. Residual fabrication disorder results in Anderson-localized cavity modes which are excited by a free space beam. The Q ≈105 is sufficient for observing discrete step-changes in resonance wavelength for the binding of single adenoviruses (≈50 nm radius). The authors' findings point to future applications of CMOS-compatible silicon sensor chips supporting Anderson-localized modes that have detection capabilities at the level of single nanoparticles and molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Watanabe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Hsin-Yu Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Jolly Xavier
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Lovleen Tina Joshi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Frank Vollmer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
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232
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Deng Y, Peng Y, Wang L, Wang M, Zhou T, Xiang L, Li J, Yang J, Li G. Target-triggered cascade signal amplification for sensitive electrochemical detection of SARS-CoV-2 with clinical application. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1208:339846. [PMID: 35525596 PMCID: PMC9020774 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Entesari M, Zamani M, Heidarizadeh M, Moradi R, Khakdan F, Rafiei F. An Insight Into Detection Pathways/Biosensors of Highly Infectious Coronaviruses. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 64:339-354. [PMID: 34655396 PMCID: PMC8520350 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00417-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences have inflicted a substantial damage on the world. In this study, it was attempted to review the recent coronaviruses appeared among the human being and their epidemic/pandemic spread throughout the world. Currently, there is an inevitable need for the establishment of a quick and easily available biosensor for tracing COVID-19 in all countries. It has been known that the incubation time of COVID-19 lasts about 14 days and 25% of the infected individuals are asymptomatic. To improve the ability to determine SARS-CoV-2 precisely and reduce the risk of eliciting false-negative results produced by mutating nature of coronaviruses, many researchers have established a real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay using mismatch-tolerant molecular beacons as multiplex real-time RT-PCR to distinguish between pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of coronaviruses. The possible mechanisms and pathways for the detection of coronaviruses by biosensors have been reviewed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Entesari
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Genetics, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mina Zamani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Heidarizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rasoul Moradi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | | | - Fariba Rafiei
- Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Collage of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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234
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Sheffield Z, Alafeef M, Moitra P, Ray P, Pan D. N-gene-complementary antisense-oligonucleotide directed molecular aggregation of dual-colour carbon dots, leading to efficient fluorometric sensing of SARS-COV-2 RNA. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:5112-5120. [PMID: 35297914 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07169f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic punctuated the need for rapid, mass testing for early detection of viral infection. Carbon dots are easily synthesized, cost-effective fluorescent nanoparticles whose surface functionalities enable facile conjugation with biorecognition elements suitable for molecular detection of viral RNA. Herein, we report that a pair of complementary antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) sequences can lead to a highly specific molecular aggregation of dual colour carbon dots (CDs) in the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The nanoprobes used ASOs highly specific to the N-gene of SARS-COV-2. When the ASOs are conjugated to blue and yellow citric acid-derived CDs, the combination of the ASO-CD pairs facilitates aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) of the measured fluorescence after hybridization with SARS-CoV-2 RNA. We found the sensor capable of differentiating between MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 samples and was found to have a limit of detection of 81 copies per μL. Additionally, we used dialysis to demonstrate that the change in emission upon aggregation is dependent on the compositional heterogeneity of the conjugated-carbon dot mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zach Sheffield
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA.
- Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, 670 W Baltimroe St., Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Maha Alafeef
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA.
- Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, 670 W Baltimroe St., Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
- Bioengineering Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Parikshit Moitra
- Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, 670 W Baltimroe St., Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Priyanka Ray
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA.
- Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, 670 W Baltimroe St., Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA.
- Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, 670 W Baltimroe St., Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
- Bioengineering Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
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Razeghi M, Üstünçelik M, Shabani F, Demir HV, Kasırga TS. Plasmon-enhanced photoresponse of single silver nanowires and their network devices. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:396-402. [PMID: 35196367 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00629k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The photo-bolometric effect is critically important in optoelectronic structures and devices employing metallic electrodes with nanoscale features due to heating caused by the plasmonic field enhancement. One peculiar case is individual silver nanowires (Ag NWs) and their networks. Ag NW-networks exhibit excellent thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties, providing a simple yet reliable alternative to common flexible transparent electrode materials used in optoelectronic devices. To date, there have been no reports on the photoresponse of Ag NWs. In this study, we show that single Ag NWs and networks of such Ag NWs possess a significant, intrinsic photoresponse, thanks to the photo-bolometric effect, as directly observed and measured using scanning photocurrent microscopy. Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) created at the contact metals or plasmons created at the nanowire-metal structures cause heating at the junctions where a plasmonic field enhancement is possible. The local heating of the Ag NWs results in negative photoconductance due to the bolometric effect. Here an open-circuit response due to the plasmon-enhanced Seebeck effect was recorded at the NW-metal contact junctions. The SPP-assisted bolometric effect is found to be further enhanced by decorating the Ag NWs with Ag nanoparticles. These observations are relevant to the use of metallic nanowires in plasmonic applications in particular and in optoelectronics in general. Our findings may pave the path for plasmonics-enabled sensing without spectroscopic detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadali Razeghi
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology - UNAM, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Merve Üstünçelik
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology - UNAM, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Farzan Shabani
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology - UNAM, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Hilmi Volkan Demir
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology - UNAM, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
- Department of Physics, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- LUMINOUS! Centre of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, The Photonics Institute, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - T Serkan Kasırga
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology - UNAM, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
- Department of Physics, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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Hatamluyi B, Rezayi M, Amel Jamehdar S, Rizi KS, Mojarrad M, Meshkat Z, Choobin H, Soleimanpour S, Boroushaki MT. Sensitive and specific clinically diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 employing a novel biosensor based on boron nitride quantum dots/flower-like gold nanostructures signal amplification. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 207:114209. [PMID: 35339072 PMCID: PMC8938305 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The sudden increase of the COVID-19 outbreak and its continued growth with mutations in various forms has created a global health crisis as well as devastating social and economic effects over the past two years. In this study, a screen-printed carbon electrode reinforced with boron nitride quantum dots/flower-like gold nanostructures (BNQDs/FGNs/SPCE) and functionalized by highly specific antisense DNA oligonucleotide presents an alternative and promising solution for targeting SARS-CoV-2 RNA without nucleic acid amplification. The platform was tested on 120 SARS-CoV-2 RNA isolated from real clinical samples (60 positive and 60 negative confirmed by conventional RT-PCR method). Based on obtained quantitative results and statistical analysis (box-diagram, cutoff value, receiver operating characteristic curve, and t-test), the biosensor revealed a significant difference between the two positive and negative groups with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. To evaluate the quantitation capacity and detection limit of the biosensor for clinical trials, the detection performance of the biosensor for continuously diluted RNA isolated from SARS-CoV-2-confirmed patients was compared to those obtained by RT-PCR, demonstrating that the detection limit of the biosensor is lower than or comparable to that of RT-PCR. The ssDNA/BNQDs/FGNs/SPCE showed negligible cross-reactivity with RNA fragments isolated from Influenza A (IAV) clinical samples and also remained stable for up to 14 days. In conclusion, the fabricated biosensor may serve as a promising tool for point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Hatamluyi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Rezayi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeid Amel Jamehdar
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kobra Salimian Rizi
- Isfahan University of Technology, Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majid Mojarrad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Meshkat
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamzeh Choobin
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Soleimanpour
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taher Boroushaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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237
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Liv L, Kayabay H. An Electrochemical Biosensing Platform for the SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike Antibody Detection Based on the Functionalised SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike Antigen Modified Electrode. ChemistrySelect 2022; 7:e202200256. [PMID: 35601978 PMCID: PMC9111083 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We developed an electrochemical biosensing platform using gold‐clusters, cysteamine, the spike protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) antigen and bovine serum albumin on a glassy carbon electrode able to determine the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike antibody. The developed biosensor could detect 9.3 ag/mL of the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike antibody in synthetic media in 20 min in a linear range from 0.1 fg/mL to 10.0 pg/mL. The developed method demonstrated good selectivity in the presence of spike antigens from other viruses. Clinical samples consisting of gargle and mouthwash liquids were analyzed with both RT‐PCR and the developed biosensor system to reveal the sensitivity and specificity of the proposed method. Moreover, the developed method was compared with the lateral flow immunoassay method in terms of sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokman Liv
- Electrochemistry Laboratory Chemistry Group The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey National Metrology Institute TUBITAK UME) 41470 Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Hilal Kayabay
- Electrochemistry Laboratory Chemistry Group The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey National Metrology Institute TUBITAK UME) 41470 Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
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238
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Liang J, Zhang W, Qin Y, Li Y, Liu GL, Hu W. Applying Machine Learning with Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors to Detect SARS-CoV-2 Particles. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:173. [PMID: 35323443 PMCID: PMC8946137 DOI: 10.3390/bios12030173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 rapidly developed into a global pandemic, which caused tens of millions of infections and millions of deaths. Although SARS-CoV-2 is known to cause COVID-19, effective approaches to detect SARS-CoV-2 using a convenient, rapid, accurate, and low-cost method are lacking. To date, most of the diagnostic methods for patients with early infections are limited to the detection of viral nucleic acids via polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or antigens, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or a chemiluminescence immunoassay. This study developed a novel method that uses localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors, optical imaging, and artificial intelligence methods to directly detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus particles without any sample preparation. The virus concentration can be qualitatively and quantitatively detected in the range of 125.28 to 106 vp/mL through a few steps within 12 min with a limit of detection (LOD) of 100 vp/mL. The accuracy of the SARS-CoV-2 positive or negative assessment was found to be greater than 97%, and this was demonstrated by establishing a regression machine learning model for the virus concentration prediction (R2 > 0.95).
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239
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Amara U, Rashid S, Mahmood K, Nawaz MH, Hayat A, Hassan M. Insight into prognostics, diagnostics, and management strategies for SARS CoV-2. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8059-8094. [PMID: 35424750 PMCID: PMC8982343 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07988c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The foremost challenge in countering infectious diseases is the shortage of effective therapeutics. The emergence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has posed a great menace to the public health system globally, prompting unprecedented endeavors to contain the virus. Many countries have organized research programs for therapeutics and management development. However, the longstanding process has forced authorities to implement widespread infrastructures for detailed prognostic and diagnostics study of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS CoV-2). This review discussed nearly all the globally developed diagnostic methodologies reported for SARS CoV-2 detection. We have highlighted in detail the approaches for evaluating COVID-19 biomarkers along with the most employed nucleic acid- and protein-based detection methodologies and the causes of their severe downfall and rejection. As the variable variants of SARS CoV-2 came into the picture, we captured the breadth of newly integrated digital sensing prototypes comprised of plasmonic and field-effect transistor-based sensors along with commercially available food and drug administration (FDA) approved detection kits. However, more efforts are required to exploit the available resources to manufacture cheap and robust diagnostic methodologies. Likewise, the visualization and characterization tools along with the current challenges associated with waste-water surveillance, food security, contact tracing, and their role during this intense period of the pandemic have also been discussed. We expect that the integrated data will be supportive and aid in the evaluation of sensing technologies not only in current but also future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umay Amara
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 608000 Pakistan
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus 54000 Pakistan
| | - Sidra Rashid
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus 54000 Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mahmood
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 608000 Pakistan
| | - Mian Hasnain Nawaz
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus 54000 Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Hayat
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus 54000 Pakistan
| | - Maria Hassan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 608000 Pakistan
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240
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Baidya S, Hassan AM. SARS-CoV-2 Detection using Colorimetric Plasmonic Sensors: A Proof-of-Concept Computational Study. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2022; 22:71-77. [PMID: 35235520 PMCID: PMC9983695 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2022.3156077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Traditional molecular techniques for SARS-CoV-2 viral detection are time-consuming and can exhibit a high probability of false negatives. In this work, we present a computational study of SARS-CoV-2 detection using plasmonic gold nanoparticles. The resonance wavelength of a SARS-CoV-2 virus was recently estimated to be in the near-infrared region. By engineering gold nanospheres to specifically bind with the outer surface of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the resonance frequency can be shifted to the visible range (380 nm - 700 nm). Moreover, we show that broadband absorption will emerge in the visible spectrum when the virus is partially covered with gold nanoparticles at a specific coverage percentage. This broadband absorption can be used to guide the development of an efficient and accurate colorimetric plasmon sensor for COVID-19 detection. Our observation also suggests that this technique is unaffected by the number of protein spikes present on the virus outer surface, hence can pave a potential path for a label-free COVID-19 diagnostic tool independent of the number of protein spikes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somen Baidya
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Missouri–Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Ahmed M. Hassan
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Missouri–Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
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241
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Aghamirza Moghim Aliabadi H, Eivazzadeh‐Keihan R, Beig Parikhani A, Fattahi Mehraban S, Maleki A, Fereshteh S, Bazaz M, Zolriasatein A, Bozorgnia B, Rahmati S, Saberi F, Yousefi Najafabadi Z, Damough S, Mohseni S, Salehzadeh H, Khakyzadeh V, Madanchi H, Kardar GA, Zarrintaj P, Saeb MR, Mozafari M. COVID-19: A systematic review and update on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e115. [PMID: 35281790 PMCID: PMC8906461 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the rapid onset of the COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the world in 2019, extensive studies have been conducted to unveil the behavior and emission pattern of the virus in order to determine the best ways to diagnosis of virus and thereof formulate effective drugs or vaccines to combat the disease. The emergence of novel diagnostic and therapeutic techniques considering the multiplicity of reports from one side and contradictions in assessments from the other side necessitates instantaneous updates on the progress of clinical investigations. There is also growing public anxiety from time to time mutation of COVID-19, as reflected in considerable mortality and transmission, respectively, from delta and Omicron variants. We comprehensively review and summarize different aspects of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19. First, biological characteristics of COVID-19 were explained from diagnosis standpoint. Thereafter, the preclinical animal models of COVID-19 were discussed to frame the symptoms and clinical effects of COVID-19 from patient to patient with treatment strategies and in-silico/computational biology. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of nanoscience/nanotechnology in identification, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 were discussed. This review covers almost all SARS-CoV-2-related topics extensively to deepen the understanding of the latest achievements (last updated on January 11, 2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Aghamirza Moghim Aliabadi
- Protein Chemistry LaboratoryDepartment of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
- Advance Chemical Studies LaboratoryFaculty of ChemistryK. N. Toosi UniversityTehranIran
| | | | - Arezoo Beig Parikhani
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur InstituteTehranIran
| | | | - Ali Maleki
- Department of ChemistryIran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran
| | | | - Masoume Bazaz
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur InstituteTehranIran
| | | | | | - Saman Rahmati
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur InstituteTehranIran
| | - Fatemeh Saberi
- Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Advanced Technologies in MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Zeinab Yousefi Najafabadi
- Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- ImmunologyAsthma & Allergy Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Shadi Damough
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur InstituteTehranIran
| | - Sara Mohseni
- Non‐metallic Materials Research GroupNiroo Research InstituteTehranIran
| | | | - Vahid Khakyzadeh
- Department of ChemistryK. N. Toosi University of TechnologyTehranIran
| | - Hamid Madanchi
- School of MedicineSemnan University of Medical SciencesSemnanIran
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics UnitDepartment of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Gholam Ali Kardar
- Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- ImmunologyAsthma & Allergy Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School of Chemical EngineeringOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahomaUSA
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer TechnologyFaculty of ChemistryGdańsk University of TechnologyGdańskPoland
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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242
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Rapid electrochemical detection of COVID-19 genomic sequence with dual-function graphene nanocolloids based biosensor. FLATCHEM 2022; 32. [PMCID: PMC8771053 DOI: 10.1016/j.flatc.2022.100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Discovered in December 2019, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (aka SARS-CoV-2 or 2019-nCoV) has attracted worldwide attention and concerns due to its high transmissibility and the severe health consequences experienced upon its infection, particularly by elderly people. Over 329 million people have been infected till date and over 5.5 million people could not survive the respiratory illness known as COVID-19 syndrome. Rapid and low-cost detection methods are of utmost importance to monitor the diffusion of the virus and to aid in the global fight against the pandemic. We propose here the use of graphene oxide nanocolloids (GONC) as an electroactive nanocarbon material that can act simultaneously as a transducing platform as well as the electroactive label for the detection of 2019-nCoV genomic sequences. The ability of GONC to provide an intrinsic electrochemical signal arising from the reduction of the electrochemically reducible oxygen functionalities present on its surface, allows GONC to be used as a simple and sensitive biosensing platform. Different intrinsic electroactivity of the material was obtained at each step of the genosensing process, starting from the immobilization of a short-stranded DNA probe and followed by the incubation with different concentrations of the target 2019-nCoV DNA strand. Monitoring such variations enabled the quantification of the target analyte over a wide dynamic range between 10−10 and 10−5 M. All in all, this proof-of-concept system serves as a stepping stone for the development of a rapid, sensitive and selective analytical tool for the detection of 2019-nCoV as well as other similar viral vectors. The use of cost-effective electrochemical detection methods coupled with the vast availability and suitability of carbon-based nanomaterials make this sensing system a valid candidate for low-cost and point-of-care analysis.
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243
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Torres MD, de Lima LF, Ferreira AL, de Araujo WR, Callahan P, Dávila A, Abella BS, de la Fuente-Nunez C. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 with RAPID: a prospective cohort study. iScience 2022; 25:104055. [PMID: 35291265 PMCID: PMC8913428 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has killed over 6 million people worldwide. Currently available methods to detect SARS-CoV-2 are limited by their cost and need for multistep sample preparation and trained personnel. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop fast, inexpensive, and scalable point-of-care diagnostics that can be used for mass testing. Between January and March 2021, we obtained 321 anterior nare swab samples from individuals in Philadelphia (PA, USA). For the Real-time Accurate Portable Impedimetric Detection prototype 1.0 (RAPID) test, anterior nare samples were tested via an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) approach. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of RAPID in this cohort study were 80.6%, 89.0%, and 88.2%, respectively. We present a rapid, accurate, inexpensive (<$5.00 per unit), and scalable test for diagnosing COVID-19 at the point-of-care. We anticipate that further iterations of this approach will enable widespread deployment, large-scale testing, and population-level surveillance. RAPID shows high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in prospective cohort study RAPID was successfully validated using 321 clinical samples Effective point-of-care diagnosis of a heterogeneous sample set
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo D.T. Torres
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lucas F. de Lima
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Portable Chemical Sensors Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - André L. Ferreira
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Portable Chemical Sensors Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - William R. de Araujo
- Portable Chemical Sensors Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paul Callahan
- Penn Acute Research Collaboration, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Antonio Dávila
- Penn Acute Research Collaboration, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin S. Abella
- Penn Acute Research Collaboration, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Corresponding author
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244
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Jin C, Wu Z, Molinski JH, Zhou J, Ren Y, Zhang JX. Plasmonic nanosensors for point-of-care biomarker detection. Mater Today Bio 2022; 14:100263. [PMID: 35514435 PMCID: PMC9062760 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancement of materials along with their fascinating properties play increasingly important role in facilitating the rapid progress in medicine. An excellent example is the recent development of biosensors based on nanomaterials that induce surface plasmon effect for screening biomarkers of various diseases ranging from cancer to Covid-19. The recent global pandemic re-confirmed the trend of real-time diagnosis in public health to be in point-of-care (POC) settings that can screen interested biomarkers at home, or literally anywhere else, at any time. Plasmonic biosensors, thanks to its versatile designs and extraordinary sensitivities, can be scaled into small and portable devices for POC diagnostic tools. In the meantime, efforts are being made to speed up, simplify and lower the cost of the signal readout process including converting the conventional heavy laboratory instruments into lightweight handheld devices. This article reviews the recent progress on the design of plasmonic nanomaterial-based biosensors for biomarker detection with a perspective of POC applications. After briefly introducing the plasmonic detection working mechanisms and devices, the selected highlights in the field focusing on the technology's design including nanomaterials development, structure assembly, and target applications are presented and analyzed. In parallel, discussions on the sensor's current or potential applicability in POC diagnosis are provided. Finally, challenges and opportunities in plasmonic biosensor for biomarker detection, such as the current Covid-19 pandemic and its testing using plasmonic biosensor and incorporation of machine learning algorithms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Junhu Zhou
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, NH, USA
| | - Yundong Ren
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, NH, USA
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245
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Electrochemical Biosensor Based on Laser-Induced Graphene for COVID-19 Diagnosing: Rapid and Low-Cost Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Biomarker Antibodies. SURFACES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/surfaces5010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome originated by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged in late 2019, known to be a highly transmissible and pathogenic disease, has caused the COVID-19 global pandemic outbreak. Thus, diagnostic devices that help epidemiological public safety measures to reduce undetected cases and isolation of infected patients, in addition to significantly help to control the population’s immune response to vaccine, are required. To address the negative issues of clinical research, we developed a Diagnostic on a Chip platform based on a disposable electrochemical biosensor containing laser-induced graphene and a protein (SARS-CoV-2 specific antigen) for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The biosensors were produced via direct laser writing using a CO2 infrared laser cutting machine on commercial polyimide sheets. The presence of specific antibodies reacting with the protein and the K3[Fe(CN)6] redox indicator produced characteristic and concentration-dependent electrochemical signals, with mean current values of 9.6757 and 8.1812 µA for reactive and non-reactive samples, respectively, proving the effectiveness of testing in clinical samples of serum from patients. Thus, the platform is being expanded to be measured in a portable microcontrolled potentiostat to be applied as a fast and reliable monitoring and mapping tool, aiming to assess the vaccinal immune response of the population.
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246
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Chen WY, Lin H, Barui AK, Gomez AMU, Wendt MK, Stanciu LA. DNA-Functionalized Ti 3C 2T x MXenes for Selective and Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Gene. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2022; 5:1902-1910. [PMID: 37556277 PMCID: PMC8751632 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.1c03520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging human infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2, initially called novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV) virus. Thus, an accurate and specific diagnosis of COVID-19 is urgently needed for effective point-of-care detection and disease management. The reported promise of two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal carbides (Ti3C2Tx MXene) for biosensing owing to a very high surface area, high electrical conductivity, and hydrophilicity informed their selection for inclusion in functional electrodes for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Here, we demonstrate a new and facile functionalization strategy for Ti3C2Tx with probe DNA molecules through noncovalent adsorption, which eliminates expensive labeling steps and achieves sequence-specific recognition. The 2D Ti3C2Tx functionalized with complementary DNA probes shows a sensitive and selective detection of nucleocapsid (N) gene from SARS-CoV-2 through nucleic acid hybridization and chemoresistive transduction. The fabricated sensors are able to detect the SARS-CoV-2 N gene with sensitive and rapid response, a detection limit below 105 copies/mL in saliva, and high specificity when tested against SARS-CoV-1 and MERS. We hypothesize that the MXenes' interlayer spacing can serve as molecular sieving channels for hosting organic molecules and ions, which is a key advantage to their use in biomolecular sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Yenyu Chen
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United
States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United
States
| | - Hang Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular
Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
United States
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United
States
| | - Amit Kumar Barui
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United
States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United
States
| | - Ana Maria Ulloa Gomez
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United
States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United
States
| | - Michael K. Wendt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular
Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
United States
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United
States
| | - Lia A. Stanciu
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United
States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United
States
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247
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Souri M, Chiani M, Farhangi A, Mehrabi MR, Nourouzian D, Raahemifar K, Soltani M. Anti-COVID-19 Nanomaterials: Directions to Improve Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:783. [PMID: 35269270 PMCID: PMC8912597 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Following the announcement of the outbreak of COVID-19 by the World Health Organization, unprecedented efforts were made by researchers around the world to combat the disease. So far, various methods have been developed to combat this "virus" nano enemy, in close collaboration with the clinical and scientific communities. Nanotechnology based on modifiable engineering materials and useful physicochemical properties has demonstrated several methods in the fight against SARS-CoV-2. Here, based on what has been clarified so far from the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2, through an interdisciplinary perspective based on computational science, engineering, pharmacology, medicine, biology, and virology, the role of nano-tools in the trio of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment is highlighted. The special properties of different nanomaterials have led to their widespread use in the development of personal protective equipment, anti-viral nano-coats, and disinfectants in the fight against SARS-CoV-2 out-body. The development of nano-based vaccines acts as a strong shield in-body. In addition, fast detection with high efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 by nanomaterial-based point-of-care devices is another nanotechnology capability. Finally, nanotechnology can play an effective role as an agents carrier, such as agents for blocking angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, gene editing agents, and therapeutic agents. As a general conclusion, it can be said that nanoparticles can be widely used in disinfection applications outside in vivo. However, in in vivo applications, although it has provided promising results, it still needs to be evaluated for possible unintended immunotoxicity. Reviews like these can be important documents for future unwanted pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Souri
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran
| | - Mohsen Chiani
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Ali Farhangi
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Mohammad Reza Mehrabi
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Dariush Nourouzian
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Kaamran Raahemifar
- Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Program, College of Information Sciences and Technology (IST), Penn State University, State College, PA 16801, USA;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - M. Soltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CBB), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Advanced Bioengineering Initiative Center, Multidisciplinary International Complex, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran
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248
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Amouzadeh Tabrizi M, Acedo P. An Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy-Based Aptasensor for the Determination of SARS-CoV-2-RBD Using a Carbon Nanofiber-Gold Nanocomposite Modified Screen-Printed Electrode. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12030142. [PMID: 35323412 PMCID: PMC8945915 DOI: 10.3390/bios12030142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, human health is affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hence, the fabrication of the biosensors to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 is critical. In this paper, we report an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based aptasensor for the determination of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (SARS-CoV-2-RBD). For this purpose, the carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were first decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Then, the surface of the carbon-based screen-printed electrode (CSPE) was modified with the CNF-AuNP nanocomposite (CSPE/CNF-AuNP). After that, the thiol-terminal aptamer probe was immobilized on the surface of the CSPE/CNF-AuNP. The surface coverage of the aptamer was calculated to be 52.8 pmol·cm-2. The CSPE/CNF-AuNP/Aptamer was then used for the measurement of SARS-CoV-2-RBD by using the EIS method. The obtained results indicate that the signal had a linear-logarithmic relationship in the range of 0.01-64 nM with a limit of detection of 7.0 pM. The proposed aptasensor had a good selectivity to SARS-CoV-2-RBD in the presence of human serum albumin; human immunoglobulins G, A, and M, hemagglutinin, and neuraminidase. The analytical performance of the aptasensor was studied in human saliva samples. The present study indicates a practical application of the CSPE/CNF-AuNP/Aptamer for the determination of SARS-CoV-2-RBD in human saliva samples with high sensitivity and accuracy.
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Dhar BC. Diagnostic assay and technology advancement for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infections causing the COVID-19 pandemic. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:2903-2934. [PMID: 35211785 PMCID: PMC8872642 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-03918-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-caused COVID-19 pandemic has transmitted to humans in practically all parts of the world, producing socio-economic turmoil. There is an urgent need for precise, fast, and affordable diagnostic testing to be widely available for detecting SARS-CoV-2 and its mutations in various phases of the disease. Early diagnosis with great precision has been achieved using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and similar other molecular methods, but theseapproaches are costly and involve rigorous processes that are not easily obtainable. Conversely, immunoassays that detect a small number of antibodies have been employed for quick, low-cost tests, but their efficiency in diagnosing infected people has been restricted. The use of biosensors in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 is vital for the COVID-19 pandemic’s control. This review gives an overview of COVID-19 diagnostic approaches that are currently being developed as well as nanomaterial-based biosensor technologies, to aid future technological advancement and innovation. These approaches can be integrated into point-of-care (POC) devices to quickly identify a large number of infected patients and asymptomatic carriers. The ongoing research endeavors and developments in complementary technologies will play a significant role in curbing the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and fill the knowledge gaps in current diagnostic accuracy and capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidhan C Dhar
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina (UNC), 205 S Columbia St, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.
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Akouibaa A, Masrour R, Jabar A, Benhamou M, Ouarch M, Derouiche A. Study of the Optical and Thermoplasmonics Properties of Gold Nanoparticle Embedded in Al 2O 3 Matrix. PLASMONICS (NORWELL, MASS.) 2022; 17:1157-1169. [PMID: 35228839 PMCID: PMC8865734 DOI: 10.1007/s11468-022-01607-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the optical and thermoplasmonics properties of nanocomposites consisting of spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) integrated in Al 2 O 3 matrix are determined using the Finite Element Method (FEM). Firstly, the refractive index ( n ) , extinction coefficient ( κ ) , absorption coefficient ( μ a ) , and optical conductivity ( σ ) are calculated from the effective complex permittivity obtained by solving the Laplace's equation for different size and concentration of nanoparticles. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties of AuNPs are optimized from the peak presented in the absorption coefficient spectrum. The results show that the optical parameters n , κ , μ a , and σ undergo a strong variation around the wavelength λ max corresponding to the SPR phenomenon. The value of λ max increases from 560 to 600 n m when the radius of the particles varies between r = 5 and r = 30 n m . The effect of the AuNP concentration on the band gap energy E g ( e V ) of Au- Al 2 O 3 nanocomposites is also studied, a shift from E g = 5.34 to E g = 5.49 e V is observed when the concentration of the AuNPs increases from 0 to 0.82 % . The electric field enhancement induced by the AuNPs at plasmonic resonance is also determined depending to the particle size; the results show that the enhancement factor increases from g = 4.71 to g = 6.95 when the radius of the AuNPs increases from r = 5 to 30 n m . The thermal dissipation of the plasmonic energy of spherical of our system dispersed in the Al 2 O 3 matrix is determined considering the Joule effect which occurs by the oscillation of the charges at the plasmonic resonance. The generated thermal power by particles is calculated for different sizes, which allows to calculate the thermal power per gram of particles depending on the intensity of the incident electric field. The results show that the plasmonic thermal power is almost identical for small particles when the radius is less than r = 15 n m and increases considerably when the size increases from r = 15 to 30 n m . For a fixed size and incident field amplitude, we calculated the temperature change in the nanocomposites Au- Al 2 O 3 depending of time for different particle concentrations; the temperature variation curves obtained are linear as a function of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelilah Akouibaa
- LPPPC, Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’sik, Casablanca, Hassan II University Casablanca, P.O. Box 7955, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Rachid Masrour
- Laboratory of Solid Physics, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, BP 1796, Fez, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim Jabar
- Laboratory of Solid Physics, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, BP 1796, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mabrouk Benhamou
- Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, EDSC, Moulay Ismail University, P.O. Box 11201, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ouarch
- CRMEF, Casablanca-Settat (Annex El-Jadida), Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdelali Derouiche
- LPPPC, Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’sik, Casablanca, Hassan II University Casablanca, P.O. Box 7955, Casablanca, Morocco
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