201
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Plougastel L, Koniev O, Specklin S, Decuypere E, Créminon C, Buisson DA, Wagner A, Kolodych S, Taran F. 4-Halogeno-sydnones for fast strain promoted cycloaddition with bicyclo-[6.1.0]-nonyne. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:9376-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03816a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
4-Halogeno-sydnones were found to be efficient dipole partners for the strain promoted click reaction with bicyclo-[6.1.0]-nonyne. This bioorthogonal reaction has been applied to protein labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Plougastel
- CEA
- iBiTecS
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage
- Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Oleksandr Koniev
- Laboratory of Functional Chemo-Systems UMR 7199 CNRS-UdS
- LabEx MEDALIS
- Illkirch, France
| | - Simon Specklin
- CEA
- iBiTecS
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage
- Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Elodie Decuypere
- CEA
- iBiTecS
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage
- Gif sur Yvette, France
| | | | | | - Alain Wagner
- Laboratory of Functional Chemo-Systems UMR 7199 CNRS-UdS
- LabEx MEDALIS
- Illkirch, France
| | - Sergii Kolodych
- Laboratory of Functional Chemo-Systems UMR 7199 CNRS-UdS
- LabEx MEDALIS
- Illkirch, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- CEA
- iBiTecS
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage
- Gif sur Yvette, France
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202
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203
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Abstract
The use of covalent chemistry to track biomolecules in their native environment-a focus of bioorthogonal chemistry-has received considerable interest recently among chemical biologists and organic chemists alike. To facilitate wider adoption of bioorthogonal chemistry in biomedical research, a central effort in the last few years has been focused on the optimization of a few known bioorthogonal reactions, particularly with respect to reaction kinetics improvement, novel genetic encoding systems, and fluorogenic reactions for bioimaging. During these optimizations, three strategies have emerged, including the use of ring strain for substrate activation in the cycloaddition reactions, the discovery of new ligands and privileged substrates for accelerated metal-catalysed reactions, and the design of substrates with pre-fluorophore structures for rapid "turn-on" fluorescence after selective bioorthogonal reactions. In addition, new bioorthogonal reactions based on either modified or completely unprecedented reactant pairs have been reported. Finally, increasing attention has been directed toward the development of mutually exclusive bioorthogonal reactions and their applications in multiple labeling of a biomolecule in cell culture. In this feature article, we wish to present the recent progress in bioorthogonal reactions through the selected examples that highlight the above-mentioned strategies. Considering increasing sophistication in bioorthogonal chemistry development, we strive to project several exciting opportunities where bioorthogonal chemistry can make a unique contribution to biology in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo P Ramil
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA.
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204
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Molina-Pinilla I, Bueno-Martínez M, Hakkou K, Galbis JA. Linear poly(amide triazole)s derived from d
-glucose. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Molina-Pinilla
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica; Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Sevilla; 41012-Sevilla Spain
| | - Manuel Bueno-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica; Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Sevilla; 41012-Sevilla Spain
| | - Khalid Hakkou
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica; Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Sevilla; 41012-Sevilla Spain
| | - Juan A. Galbis
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica; Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Sevilla; 41012-Sevilla Spain
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205
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Basavaiah D, Reddy BS, Lingam H. Synthesis of fused nine-membered rings: a simple protocol for synthesis of [1,2,3]-triazolo-[1,4]-benzoxazonine frameworks from the Baylis–Hillman acetates. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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206
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Cruchter T, Harms K, Meggers E. Strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition with ruthenium(II)-azido complexes. Chemistry 2013; 19:16682-9. [PMID: 24173767 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of an exemplary ruthenium(II)-azido complex towards non-activated, electron-deficient, and towards strain-activated alkynes at room temperature and low millimolar azide and alkyne concentrations has been investigated. Non-activated terminal and internal alkynes failed to react under such conditions, even under copper(I) catalysis conditions. In contrast, as expected, rapid cycloaddition was observed with electron-deficient dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) as the dipolarophile. Since DMAD and related propargylic esters are excellent Michael acceptors and thus unsuitable for biological applications, we investigated the reactivity of the azido complex towards cycloaddition with derivatives of cyclooctyne (OCT), bicyclo[6.1.0]non-4-yne (BCN), and azadibenzocyclooctyne (ADIBO). While no reaction could be observed in the case of the less strained cyclooctyne OCT, the highly strained cyclooctynes BCN and ADIBO readily reacted with the azido complex, providing the corresponding stable triazolato complexes, which were amenable to purification by conventional silica gel column chromatography. An X-ray crystal structure of an ADIBO cycloadduct was obtained and verified that the formed 1,2,3-triazolato ligand coordinates the metal center through the central N2 atom. Importantly, the determined second-order rate constant for the ADIBO cycloaddition with the azido complex (k2=6.9 × 10(-2) M(-1) s(-1)) is comparable to the rate determined for the ADIBO cycloaddition with organic benzyl azide (k2=4.0 × 10(-1) M(-1) s(-1)). Our results demonstrate that it is possible to transfer the concept of strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) from purely organic azides to metal-coordinated azido ligands. The favorable reaction kinetics for the ADIBO-azido-ligand cycloaddition and the well-proven bioorthogonality of strain-activated alkynes should pave the way for applications in living biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Cruchter
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35043 Marburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6421-282-2189
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207
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Ito K, Liu H, Komiyama M, Hayashi T, Xu Y. Direct light-up of cAMP derivatives in living cells by click reactions. Molecules 2013; 18:12909-15. [PMID: 24141242 PMCID: PMC6269988 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181012909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
8-Azidoadenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (8-azido cAMP) was directly detected in living cells, by applying Cu-free azide-alkyne cycloaddition to probe cAMP derivatives by fluorescence light-up. Fluorescence emission was generated by two non-fluorescent molecules, 8-azido cAMP as a model target and difluorinated cyclooctyne (DIFO) reagent as a probe. The azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction between 8-azido cAMP and DIFO induces fluorescence in 8-azido cAMP. The fluorescence emission serves as a way to probe 8-azido cAMP in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Ito
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.
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208
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Zhang H, Tanimoto H, Morimoto T, Nishiyama Y, Kakiuchi K. Regioselective Rapid Synthesis of Fully Substituted 1,2,3-Triazoles Mediated by Propargyl Cations. Org Lett 2013; 15:5222-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol402387w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanimoto
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tsumoru Morimoto
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nishiyama
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Kakiuchi
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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209
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Karmann L, Kazmaier U. Thiol-Ene Click Reactions - Versatile Tools for the Modification of Unsaturated Amino Acids and Peptides. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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210
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Kharkar PM, Kiick KL, Kloxin AM. Designing degradable hydrogels for orthogonal control of cell microenvironments. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:7335-72. [PMID: 23609001 PMCID: PMC3762890 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60040h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 471] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Degradable and cell-compatible hydrogels can be designed to mimic the physical and biochemical characteristics of native extracellular matrices and provide tunability of degradation rates and related properties under physiological conditions. Hence, such hydrogels are finding widespread application in many bioengineering fields, including controlled bioactive molecule delivery, cell encapsulation for controlled three-dimensional culture, and tissue engineering. Cellular processes, such as adhesion, proliferation, spreading, migration, and differentiation, can be controlled within degradable, cell-compatible hydrogels with temporal tuning of biochemical or biophysical cues, such as growth factor presentation or hydrogel stiffness. However, thoughtful selection of hydrogel base materials, formation chemistries, and degradable moieties is necessary to achieve the appropriate level of property control and desired cellular response. In this review, hydrogel design considerations and materials for hydrogel preparation, ranging from natural polymers to synthetic polymers, are overviewed. Recent advances in chemical and physical methods to crosslink hydrogels are highlighted, as well as recent developments in controlling hydrogel degradation rates and modes of degradation. Special attention is given to spatial or temporal presentation of various biochemical and biophysical cues to modulate cell response in static (i.e., non-degradable) or dynamic (i.e., degradable) microenvironments. This review provides insight into the design of new cell-compatible, degradable hydrogels to understand and modulate cellular processes for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathamesh M. Kharkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , DE 19716 , USA . ;
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , DE 19716 , USA . ;
- Biomedical Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , DE 19716 , USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute , University of Delaware , Newark , DE 19716 , USA
| | - April M. Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , DE 19716 , USA . ;
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , DE 19716 , USA
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211
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Kim EJ, Kang DW, Leucke HF, Bond MR, Ghosh S, Love DC, Ahn JS, Kang DO, Hanover JA. Optimizing the selectivity of DIFO-based reagents for intracellular bioorthogonal applications. Carbohydr Res 2013; 377:18-27. [PMID: 23770695 PMCID: PMC6396314 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
One of the most commonly employed bioorthogonal reactions with azides is copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne [3+2] cycloaddition (CuAAC, a 'click' reaction). More recently, the strain-promoted azide-alkyne [3+2] cycloaddition (SPAAC, a copper-free 'click' reaction) was developed, in which an alkyne is sufficiently strained to promote rapid cycloaddition with an azide to form a stable triazole conjugate. In this report, we show that an internal alkyne in a strained ring system with two electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms adjacent to the carbon-carbon triple bond reacts to yield covalent adducts not only with azide moieties but also reacts with free sulfhydryl groups abundant in the cytosol. We have identified conditions that allow the enhanced reactivity to be tolerated when using such conformationally strained reagents to enhance reaction rates and selectivity for bioorthogonal applications such as O-GlcNAc detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun J. Kim
- Department of Science Education-Chemistry Major, Daegu University, GyeongBuk 712-714, South Korea
| | - Dong W. Kang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Catholic University of Daegu, GyeongBuk 712-702, South Korea
| | - Hans F. Leucke
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, NIDDK, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michelle R. Bond
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Biology, NIDDK, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Salil Ghosh
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Biology, NIDDK, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dona C. Love
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Biology, NIDDK, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jong-Seog Ahn
- Chemical Biology Research Center, Bio-Therapeutics Research Institutes, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongwon 363-883, South Korea
| | - Dae-Ook Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Health Science, College of Natural Sciences, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773, South Korea
| | - John A. Hanover
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Biology, NIDDK, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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212
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Zhang Z, Bi J, Liu Q, Zhang G. The synthesis of α,α-difluoroacetamides via electrophilic fluorination in the mixed-solvent of water and PEG-400. J Fluor Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2013.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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213
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Abstract
Dibenzoselenacycloheptynes were prepared in three steps from commercially available reagents and trapped in situ with benzyl azide to form the corresponding triazoles. Surprisingly, the dibenzoselenacycloheptynes also abstracted hydrogen atoms from solvents such as THF or toluene, forming dibenzoselenacycloheptene products. These alkenyl compounds arise from a hydrogen transfer reaction from solvent to the unisolable intermediate, and we postulate that the reaction proceeds via a radical mechanism originating from the strained alkynyl bond that has unusually high radical character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela de Almeida
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Lisa C. Townsend
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Carolyn R. Bertozzi
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
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214
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Adam Hendricks J, Hanson RN, Amolins M, Mihelcic JM, Blagg BS. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation steroidal antiestrogen-geldanamycin conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:3635-9. [PMID: 23648180 PMCID: PMC4123820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.03.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Three novel steroidal antiestrogen-geldanamycin conjugates were prepared using a convergent strategy. The antiestrogenic component utilized the 11β-(4-functionalized-oxyphenyl) estradiol scaffold, while the geldanamycin component was derived by replacement of the 17-methoxy group with an appropriately functionalized amine. Ligation was achieved in high yield using azide alkyne cyclization reactions. Evaluation of the products against two breast cancer cell lines indicated that the conjugates retained significant antiproliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adam Hendricks
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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215
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Arumugam S, Orski SV, Mbua NE, McNitt C, Boons GJ, Locklin J, Popik VV. Photo-click chemistry strategies for spatiotemporal control of metal-free ligation, labeling, and surface derivatization. PURE APPL CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1351/pac-con-13-01-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Three photo-click ligation strategies described in this account provide
scientists with efficient and selective tools for derivatization of various
molecules, polymers, and surfaces. Fast photochemical reactions that are
utilized in these techniques permit spatiotemporal control of the process. The
absence of activating reagents and catalysts, as well as compatibility with
aqueous media, makes photo-click ligations suitable for biomedical applications.
The first of these approaches relies on the photochemical decarbonylation of
cyclopropenones to produce cyclooctynes. The latter undergo rapid catalyst-free
strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) to azide-tagged substrates.
The second method is based on a very fast (>104 M–1
s–1) light-triggered hetero-Diels–Alder reaction and permits
efficient derivatization of substrates bearing vinyl ether moiety. An even
faster reaction between photochemically generated naphthoquinone methides
(oNQMs) and thiols (~2 × 105 M–1
s–1) serves as a basis for a third method. This thiol photo-click
chemistry allows for the selective derivatization of thiol-functionalized
substrates or labeling of free cysteine residues in proteins. The thioether
linkage produced by the reaction of oNQMs and a thiol is stable
under ambient conditions, but can be cleaved by UV irradiation, regenerating
free thiol. This feature permits the removal or replacement of immobilized
compounds, as well as traceless substrate release.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara V. Orski
- 1Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ngalle Eric Mbua
- 3Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - Geert-Jan Boons
- 3Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Jason Locklin
- 1Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Vladimir V. Popik
- 1Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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216
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Lancuški A, Bossard F, Fort S. Carbohydrate-Decorated PCL Fibers for Specific Protein Adhesion. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1877-84. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400263d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anica Lancuški
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (affiliated with Université de Grenoble, member of Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble and member of the Polynat
Carnot Institute), UPR CNRS 5301, BP53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Laboratoire Rhéologie
et Procédés, Université Joseph-Fourier − Grenoble Institut National Polytechnique, 1301
rue de la piscine, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Frédéric Bossard
- Laboratoire Rhéologie
et Procédés, Université Joseph-Fourier − Grenoble Institut National Polytechnique, 1301
rue de la piscine, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sébastien Fort
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (affiliated with Université de Grenoble, member of Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble and member of the Polynat
Carnot Institute), UPR CNRS 5301, BP53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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217
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Goldmann AS, Glassner M, Inglis AJ, Barner-Kowollik C. Post-Functionalization of Polymers via Orthogonal Ligation Chemistry. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 34:810-49. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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218
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Gong T, Adzima BJ, Baker NH, Bowman CN. Photopolymerization reactions using the photoinitiated copper (I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:2024-2028. [PMID: 23401189 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201203815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The first bulk photopolymerization of multifunctional alkyne and azide monomers using the CuAAC reaction is successfully carried out from low molecular weight, nonviscous monomer resins. Compared to other traditional step-growth bulk photopolymerization, this approach readily provides crosslinked, high glass transition temperature polymers that incorporate triazole linkages throughout the polymer structure with great temporal control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Gong
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0596, USA
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219
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Thirumurugan P, Matosiuk D, Jozwiak K. Click Chemistry for Drug Development and Diverse Chemical–Biology Applications. Chem Rev 2013; 113:4905-79. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200409f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1309] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prakasam Thirumurugan
- Laboratory
of Medical Chemistry and Neuroengineering, Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of
Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin
20093, Poland
| | - Dariusz Matosiuk
- Laboratory
of Medical Chemistry and Neuroengineering, Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of
Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin
20093, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jozwiak
- Laboratory
of Medical Chemistry and Neuroengineering, Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of
Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin
20093, Poland
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220
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Li Q, Dong T, Liu X, Lei X. A Bioorthogonal Ligation Enabled by Click Cycloaddition of o-Quinolinone Quinone Methide and Vinyl Thioether. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:4996-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja401989p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ting Dong
- Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin
300072, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing 102206, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin
300072, China
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221
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Takaoka Y, Ojida A, Hamachi I. Organische Proteinchemie und ihre Anwendung für Markierungen und Engineering in Lebendzellsystemen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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222
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Alge DL, Azagarsamy MA, Donohue DF, Anseth KS. Synthetically tractable click hydrogels for three-dimensional cell culture formed using tetrazine-norbornene chemistry. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:949-53. [PMID: 23448682 PMCID: PMC3623454 DOI: 10.1021/bm4000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The implementation of bio-orthogonal
click chemistries is a topic
of growing importance in the field of biomaterials, as it is enabling
the development of increasingly complex hydrogel materials capable
of providing dynamic, cell-instructive microenvironments. Here, we
introduce the tetrazine–norbornene inverse electron demand
Diels–Alder reaction as a new cross-linking chemistry for the
formation of cell laden hydrogels. The fast reaction rate and irreversible
nature of this click reaction allowed for hydrogel formation within
minutes when a multifunctional PEG-tetrazine macromer was reacted
with a dinorbornene peptide. In addition, the cytocompatibility of
the polymerization led to high postencapsulation viability of human
mesenchymal stem cells, and the specificity of the tetrazine–norbornene
reaction was exploited for sequential modification of the network
via thiol–ene photochemistry. These advantages, combined with
the synthetic accessibility of the tetrazine molecule compared to
other bio-orthogonal click reagents, make this cross-linking chemistry
an interesting and powerful new tool for the development of cell-instructive
hydrogels for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Alge
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the BioFrontiers Institute, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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223
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Lewis KJ, Anseth KS. Hydrogel scaffolds to study cell biology in four dimensions. MRS BULLETIN 2013; 38:260-268. [PMID: 25221384 PMCID: PMC4160230 DOI: 10.1557/mrs.2013.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels represent a versatile material scaffold for culturing cells in two or three dimensions with the advantages of limited protein fouling and cytocompatible polymerization to enable cell encapsulation. By using light-based chemistries for gelation and for incorporating biomolecules into the network, dynamic niches can be created that facilitate the study of how cells respond to user-dictated or cell-dictated changes in environmental signals. Specifically, we demonstrate integration of a photo-cleavable molecule into network cross-links and into pendant functional groups to construct gels with biophysical and biochemical properties that are spatiotemporally tunable with light. Complementary to this approach, an enzymatically cleavable peptide sequence can be introduced within hydrogel networks, in this case through photoinitiated addition reactions between thiol-containing biomacromolecules and ene-containing synthetic polymers, to enable cellular remodeling of their surrounding hydrogel microenvironment. With such tunable material platforms, researchers can employ a systematic approach for 3D cell culture experiments, spatially and temporally modulating physical properties (e.g., stiffness) as well as biological signals (e.g., adhesive ligands) to study cell behavior in response to environmental stimuli. Collectively, these material systems suggest routes for new experimentation to study and manipulate cellular functions in four dimensions.
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224
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Tallman KA, Armstrong MD, Milne SB, Marnett LJ, Brown HA, Porter NA. Cobalt carbonyl complexes as probes for alkyne-tagged lipids. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:859-868. [PMID: 23307946 PMCID: PMC3617960 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d033332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring lipid distribution and metabolism in cells and biological fluids poses many challenges because of the many molecular species and metabolic pathways that exist. This study describes the synthesis and study of molecules that contain an alkyne functional group as surrogates for natural lipids in cultured cells. Thus, hexadec-15-ynoic and hexadec-7-ynoic acids were readily incorporated into RAW 264.7 cells, principally as phosphocholine esters; the alkyne was used as a "tag" that could be transformed to a stable dicobalt-hexacarbonyl complex; and the complex could then be detected by HPLC/MS or HPLC/UV(349nm). The 349 nm absorbance of the cobalt complexes was used to provide qualitative and quantitative information about the distribution and cellular concentrations of the alkyne lipids. The alkyne group could also be used as an affinity tag for the lipids by a catch-and-release strategy on phosphine-coated silica beads. Lipid extracts were enriched in the tagged lipids in this way, making the approach of potential utility to study lipid transformations in cell culture. Both terminal alkynes and internal alkynes were used in this affinity "pull-down" strategy. This method facilitates measuring lipid species that might otherwise fall below limits of detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keri A. Tallman
- Departments of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- the Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Michelle D. Armstrong
- Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- the Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Stephen B. Milne
- Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- the Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Lawrence J. Marnett
- Departments of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Biochemistry,Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- the Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - H. Alex Brown
- Departments of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Biochemistry,Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- the Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Ned A. Porter
- Departments of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Biochemistry,Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- the Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
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225
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McNitt CD, Popik VV. Photochemical generation of oxa-dibenzocyclooctyne (ODIBO) for metal-free click ligations. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 10:8200-2. [PMID: 22987146 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26581h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxa-dibenzocyclooctynes (ODIBO, 2a-c) are prepared by photochemical decarbonylation of corresponding cyclopropenones (photo-ODIBO, 1a-c). While photo-ODIBO does not react with azides, ODIBO is one of the most reactive cyclooctynes exhibiting rates of cycloaddition over 45 M(-1) s(-1) in aqueous solutions. ODIBO is stable under ambient conditions and has low reactivity towards thiols. Photo-ODIBO survives heating up to 160 °C and does not react with thiols.
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226
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Takaoka Y, Ojida A, Hamachi I. Protein organic chemistry and applications for labeling and engineering in live-cell systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:4088-106. [PMID: 23426903 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The modification of proteins with synthetic probes is a powerful means of elucidating and engineering the functions of proteins both in vitro and in live cells or in vivo. Herein we review recent progress in chemistry-based protein modification methods and their application in protein engineering, with particular emphasis on the following four strategies: 1) the bioconjugation reactions of amino acids on the surfaces of natural proteins, mainly applied in test-tube settings; 2) the bioorthogonal reactions of proteins with non-natural functional groups; 3) the coupling of recognition and reactive sites using an enzyme or short peptide tag-probe pair for labeling natural amino acids; and 4) ligand-directed labeling chemistries for the selective labeling of endogenous proteins in living systems. Overall, these techniques represent a useful set of tools for application in chemical biology, with the methods 2-4 in particular being applicable to crude (living) habitats. Although still in its infancy, the use of organic chemistry for the manipulation of endogenous proteins, with subsequent applications in living systems, represents a worthy challenge for many chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Takaoka
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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227
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1-Thiacyclooct-4-yne (=5,6-Didehydro-3,4,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-thiocin), and Its Sulfoxide and Its Sulfone. Helv Chim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201200260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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228
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Singh H, Sindhu J, Khurana JM. Efficient, green and regioselective synthesis of 1,4,5-trisubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles in ionic liquid [bmim]BF4 and in task-specific basic ionic liquid [bmim]OH. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-013-0224-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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229
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Evaluation of strained alkynes for Cu-free click reaction in live mice. Nucl Med Biol 2013; 40:415-23. [PMID: 23380519 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We report on our evaluation of the strain-promoted cyclooctyne-azide cycloaddition reaction for use in tumor pretargeting, comprising a side-by-side comparison of probes 1-3 bearing three distinct cyclooctyne moieties based respectively on the 1st and 2nd generation difluorinated cyclooctyne and the 1st generation dibenzocyclooctyne. METHODS The probes were synthesized and labeled with (177)Lu with high yields. The probe stability and reactivity towards azides were evaluated in PBS and mouse serum, and their blood clearance, biodistribution and in vivo reactivity were evaluated in tumor-free mice. RESULTS In serum the three probes exhibited sufficient stability for a pretargeting application with half-lives of 12-19h. In PBS, probes 2 and 3 were more reactive towards azido-conjugated Rituximab (Rtx-N3) than 1, but in contrast to 1, their reactivity decreased in mouse serum and mouse serum albumin solutions, as a result of covalent and non-covalent interactions with albumin. Biodistribution data confirmed the interactions with serum proteins in circulation: (177)Lu-1 showed a fast elimination from blood (t1/2,β = 0.31h), while (177)Lu-2 and (177)Lu-3 were retained in blood for longer periods of time (t1/2,β = 1.08 and 3.58h, respectively). Dual isotope biodistribution experiments assessing the reaction between (125)I-Rtx-N3 and (177)Lu-1-3 in circulation in mice showed a very limited retention of 2 and 3 in blood rich organs, indicating a minimal reactivity, while no such retention was observed for 1. CONCLUSION The low reactivity of the studied cyclooctynes, and their serum interactions preclude their use at the low in vivo concentrations typical for pretargeting applications.
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230
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Gold B, Dudley GB, Alabugin IV. Moderating Strain without Sacrificing Reactivity: Design of Fast and Tunable Noncatalyzed Alkyne–Azide Cycloadditions via Stereoelectronically Controlled Transition State Stabilization. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:1558-69. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3114196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Gold
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306-4390, United States
| | - Gregory B. Dudley
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306-4390, United States
| | - Igor V. Alabugin
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306-4390, United States
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231
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Azagarsamy M, Anseth KS. Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry: An Indispensable Tool to Create Multifaceted Cell Culture Scaffolds. ACS Macro Lett 2013; 2:5-9. [PMID: 23336091 PMCID: PMC3547663 DOI: 10.1021/mz300585q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, bioorthogonal click chemistry has led the field of biomaterial science into a new era of diversity and complexity by its extremely selective, versatile, and biocompatible nature. In this viewpoint, we seek to emphasize recent endeavors of exploiting this versatile chemistry toward the development of poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels as cell culture scaffolds. In these cell-laden materials, the orthogonality of these reactions has played an effective role in allowing the creation of diverse biochemical patterns in complex biological environments that provide new found opportunities for researchers to delineate and control cellular phenotypes more precisely than ever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malar
A. Azagarsamy
- Department of Chemical
and Biological Engineering, the BioFrontiers
Institute, and the Howard Hughes Medical
Institute, University
of Colorado at Boulder, 596 UCB Boulder, Colorado 80303,
United States
| | - Kristi S. Anseth
- Department of Chemical
and Biological Engineering, the BioFrontiers
Institute, and the Howard Hughes Medical
Institute, University
of Colorado at Boulder, 596 UCB Boulder, Colorado 80303,
United States
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232
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Martin AR, Vasseur JJ, Smietana M. Boron and nucleic acid chemistries: merging the best of both worlds. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:5684-713. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60038f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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233
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Chigrinova M, McKay CS, Beaulieu LPB, Udachin KA, Beauchemin AM, Pezacki JP. Rearrangements and addition reactions of biarylazacyclooctynones and the implications to copper-free click chemistry. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:3436-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40683k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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234
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Li L, Li J, Kulkarni A, Liu S. Polyurethane (PU)-derived photoactive and copper-free clickable surface based on perfluorophenyl azide (PFPA) chemistry. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:571-582. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00248e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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235
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Debets MF, van Hest JCM, Rutjes FPJT. Bioorthogonal labelling of biomolecules: new functional handles and ligation methods. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:6439-55. [PMID: 23969529 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41329b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marjoke F Debets
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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236
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Dürr CJ, Hlalele L, Kaiser A, Brandau S, Barner-Kowollik C. Mild and Efficient Modular Synthesis of Poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene) Block and Miktoarm Star Copolymer Architectures. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma302017c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph J. Dürr
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry,
Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr.
18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lebohang Hlalele
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry,
Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr.
18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andreas Kaiser
- Lanxess Emulsion Rubber, BP 7 − Z.I. Rue du Ried, 67610 La Wantzenau,
France
| | - Sven Brandau
- Lanxess Emulsion Rubber, BP 7 − Z.I. Rue du Ried, 67610 La Wantzenau,
France
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry,
Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr.
18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
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237
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238
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Feldborg LN, Jølck RI, Andresen TL. Quantitative Evaluation of Bioorthogonal Chemistries for Surface Functionalization of Nanoparticles. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:2444-50. [DOI: 10.1021/bc3005057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lise N. Feldborg
- DTU Nanotech,
Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 423 2800
Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rasmus I. Jølck
- DTU Nanotech,
Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 423 2800
Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas L. Andresen
- DTU Nanotech,
Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 423 2800
Lyngby, Denmark
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239
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Liang Y, Mackey JL, Lopez SA, Liu F, Houk KN. Control and Design of Mutual Orthogonality in Bioorthogonal Cycloadditions. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:17904-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja309241e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095,
United States
| | - Joel L. Mackey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095,
United States
| | - Steven A. Lopez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095,
United States
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095,
United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095,
United States
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240
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Thomas JD, Cui H, North PJ, Hofer T, Rader C, Burke TR. Application of strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition and tetrazine ligation to targeted Fc-drug conjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:2007-13. [PMID: 22988967 PMCID: PMC3474869 DOI: 10.1021/bc300052u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We have previously described an approach whereby antibody Fc fragments harboring a single C-terminal selenocysteine residue (Fc-Sec) are directed against a variety of targets by changing the peptide or small molecule to which they are conjugated. In the present work, we describe methodology for improving the efficacy of these Fc-Sec conjugates by incorporating cytotoxic drugs. The Fc-Sec protein is first programmed to target specific tumor cell types by attachment of a bifunctional linker that contains a "clickable" handle (e.g., cyclobutane or cyclooctyne) in addition to a tumor cell-binding peptide or small molecule. Following Fc-Sec conjugation, a cytotoxic warhead is then attached by cycloaddition reactions of tetrazine or azide-containing linker. To validate this approach, we used a model system in which folic acid (FA) is the targeting moiety and a disulfide-linked biotin moiety serves as a cytotoxic drug surrogate. We demonstrated successful targeting of Fc-Sec proteins to folate-receptor expressing tumor cells. Tetrazine ligation was found to be an efficient method for biotin "arming" of the folate-targeted Fc-Sec proteins. We also report novel bioconjugation methodologies that use [4 + 2] cycloaddition reactions between tetrazines and cyclooctynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Thomas
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, U.S.A
| | - Huiting Cui
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Patrick J North
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Thomas Hofer
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Christoph Rader
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Terrence R. Burke
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, U.S.A
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241
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Orski SV, Sheppard GR, Arumugam S, Arnold RM, Popik VV, Locklin J. Rate determination of azide click reactions onto alkyne polymer brush scaffolds: a comparison of conventional and catalyst-free cycloadditions for tunable surface modification. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:14693-702. [PMID: 23009188 DOI: 10.1021/la3032418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The postpolymerization functionalization of poly(N-hydroxysuccinimide 4-vinylbenzoate) brushes with reactive alkynes that differ in relative rates of activity of alkyne-azide cycloaddition reactions is described. The alkyne-derived polymer brushes undergo "click"-type cycloadditions with azido-containing compounds by two mechanisms: a strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with dibenzocyclooctyne (DIBO) and azadibenzocyclooctyne (ADIBO) or a copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) to a propargyl group (PPG). Using a pseudo-first-order limited rate equation, rate constants for DIBO, ADIBO, and PPG-derivatized polymer brushes functionalized with an azide-functionalized dye were calculated as 7.7 × 10(-4), 4.4 × 10(-3), and 2.0 × 10(-2) s(-1), respectively. The SPAAC click reactions of the surface bound layers were determined to be slower than the equivalent reactions in solution, but the relative ratio of the reaction rates for the DIBO and ADIBO SPAAC reactions was consistent between solution and the polymer layer. The rate of functionalization was not influenced by the diffusion of azide into the polymer scaffold as long as the concentration of azide in solution was sufficiently high. The PPG functionalization by CuAAC had an extremely fast rate, which was comparable to other surface click reaction rates. Preliminary studies of dilute solution azide functionalization indicate that the diffusion-limited regime of brush functionalization impacts a 50 nm polymer brush layer and decreases the pseudo-first-order rate by a constant diffusion-limited factor of 0.233.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara V Orski
- Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering, and the Center for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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242
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Ueda M, Yang G, Ishimaru Y, Itabashi T, Tamura S, Kiyota H, Kuwahara S, Inomata S, Shoji M, Sugai T. Hybrid stereoisomers of a compact molecular probe based on a jasmonic acid glucoside: Syntheses and biological evaluations. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:5832-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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243
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Qian YC, Huang XJ, Chen C, Ren N, Huang X, Xu ZK. A versatile approach to the synthesis of polyphosphazene derivatives via the thiol-ene reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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244
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Schittmayer M, Birner-Gruenberger R. Lipolytic proteomics. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2012; 31:570-582. [PMID: 22392637 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Activity-based proteomics (ABP) employs small molecular probes to specifically label sets of enzymes based on their shared catalytic mechanism. Given that the vast majority of lipases belong to the family of serine hydrolases and share a nucleophilic active-site serine as part of a catalytic triad, activity-based probes are ideal tools to study lipases and lipolysis. Moreover, the ability of ABP to highlight or isolate specific subproteomes results in a massive decrease of sample complexity. Thereby, in-depth analysis of enzymes of interest with mass spectrometry becomes feasible. In this review, we cover probe design, technological developments, and applications of ABP of lipases, as well as give an overview of relevant identified proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schittmayer
- Research Group Functional Proteomics, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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245
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246
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McGrath NA, Raines RT. Diazo Compounds as Highly Tunable Reactants in 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions with Cycloalkynes(). Chem Sci 2012; 3:3237-3240. [PMID: 23227302 DOI: 10.1039/c2sc20806g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diazo compounds, which can be accessed directly from azides by deimidogenation, are shown to be extremely versatile dipoles in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions with a cyclooctyne. The reactivity of a diazo compound can be much greater or much less than its azide analog, and is enhanced markedly in polar-protic solvents. These reactivities are predictable from frontier molecular orbital energies. The most reactive diazo compound exhibited the highest known second-order rate constant to date for a dipolar cycloaddition with a cycloalkyne. These data provide a new modality for effecting chemoselective reactions in a biological context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A McGrath
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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247
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Khatwani SL, Mullen DG, Hast MA, Beese LS, Distefano MD, Taton TA. Covalent protein-oligonucleotide conjugates by copper-free click reaction. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:4532-9. [PMID: 22682299 PMCID: PMC3682506 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Covalent protein-oligodeoxynucleotide (protein-ODN) conjugates are useful in a number of biological applications, but synthesizing discrete conjugates-where the connection between the two components is at a defined location in both the protein and the ODN-under mild conditions with significant yield can be a challenge. In this article, we demonstrate a strategy for synthesizing discrete protein-ODN conjugates using strain-promoted azide-alkyne [3+2] cycloaddition (SPAAC, a copper-free 'click' reaction). Azide-functionalized proteins, prepared by enzymatic prenylation of C-terminal CVIA tags with synthetic azidoprenyl diphosphates, were 'clicked' to ODNs that had been modified with a strained dibenzocyclooctyne (DIBO-ODN). The resulting protein-ODN conjugates were purified and characterized by size-exclusion chromatography and gel electrophoresis. We find that the yields and reaction times of the SPAAC bioconjugation reactions are comparable to those previously reported for copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne [3+2] cycloaddition (CuAAC) bioconjugation, but require no catalyst. The same SPAAC chemistry was used to immobilize azide-modified proteins onto surfaces, using surface-bound DIBO-ODN as a heterobifunctional linker. Cu-free click bioconjugation of proteins to ODNs is a simple and versatile alternative to Cu-catalyzed click methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel G. Mullen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Michael A. Hast
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Lorena S. Beese
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mark D. Distefano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - T. Andrew Taton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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248
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Zeng D, Lee NS, Liu Y, Zhou D, Dence CS, Wooley KL, Katzenellenbogen JA, Welch MJ. 64Cu Core-labeled nanoparticles with high specific activity via metal-free click chemistry. ACS NANO 2012; 6:5209-19. [PMID: 22548282 PMCID: PMC3383893 DOI: 10.1021/nn300974s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy based on metal-free "click" chemistry was developed for the copper-64 radiolabeling of the core in shell-cross-linked nanoparticles (SCK-NPs). Compared with Cu(I)-catalyzed click chemistry, this metal-free strategy provides the following advantages for Cu-64 labeling of the core of SCK-NPs: (1) elimination of copper exchange between nonradioactive Cu in the catalyst and DOTA-chelated Cu-64; (2) elimination of the internal click reactions between the azide and acetylene groups in the same NPs; and (3) increased efficiency of the click reaction because water-soluble Cu(I) does not need to reach the hydrophobic core of the NPs. When 50 mCi Cu-64 was used for the radiolabeling, the specific activity of the radiolabeled product was 975 Ci/μmol at the end of synthesis, which represents the attachment of ca. 500 Cu-64 atoms per SCK-NP, giving in essence a 500-fold amplification of specific activity of the NP over that of the Cu-64 chelate. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest specific activity obtained for Cu-64-labeled nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexing Zeng
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Nam S. Lee
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77842
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Dong Zhou
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Carmen S. Dence
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77842
| | | | - Michael J. Welch
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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249
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Gordon C, Mackey JL, Jewett JC, Sletten EM, Houk KN, Bertozzi CR. Reactivity of biarylazacyclooctynones in copper-free click chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:9199-208. [PMID: 22553995 PMCID: PMC3368396 DOI: 10.1021/ja3000936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of cyclooctynes with azides, also called "copper-free click chemistry", is a bioorthogonal reaction with widespread applications in biological discovery. The kinetics of this reaction are of paramount importance for studies of dynamic processes, particularly in living subjects. Here we performed a systematic analysis of the effects of strain and electronics on the reactivity of cyclooctynes with azides through both experimental measurements and computational studies using a density functional theory (DFT) distortion/interaction transition state model. In particular, we focused on biarylazacyclooctynone (BARAC) because it reacts with azides faster than any other reported cyclooctyne and its modular synthesis facilitated rapid access to analogues. We found that substituents on BARAC's aryl rings can alter the calculated transition state interaction energy of the cycloaddition through electronic effects or the calculated distortion energy through steric effects. Experimental data confirmed that electronic perturbation of BARAC's aryl rings has a modest effect on reaction rate, whereas steric hindrance in the transition state can significantly retard the reaction. Drawing on these results, we analyzed the relationship between alkyne bond angles, which we determined using X-ray crystallography, and reactivity, quantified by experimental second-order rate constants, for a range of cyclooctynes. Our results suggest a correlation between decreased alkyne bond angle and increased cyclooctyne reactivity. Finally, we obtained structural and computational data that revealed the relationship between the conformation of BARAC's central lactam and compound reactivity. Collectively, these results indicate that the distortion/interaction model combined with bond angle analysis will enable predictions of cyclooctyne reactivity and the rational design of new reagents for copper-free click chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea
G. Gordon
- Departments
of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California - Berkeley,
Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Joel L. Mackey
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - John C. Jewett
- Departments
of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California - Berkeley,
Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ellen M. Sletten
- Departments
of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California - Berkeley,
Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Carolyn R. Bertozzi
- Departments
of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California - Berkeley,
Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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250
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Rashidian M, Song JM, Pricer RE, Distefano MD. Chemoenzymatic reversible immobilization and labeling of proteins without prior purification. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:8455-67. [PMID: 22435540 DOI: 10.1021/ja211308s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Site-specific chemical modification of proteins is important for many applications in biology and biotechnology. Recently, our laboratory and others have exploited the high specificity of the enzyme protein farnesyltransferase (PFTase) to site-specifically modify proteins through the use of alternative substrates that incorporate bioorthogonal functionality including azides and alkynes. In this study, we evaluate two aldehyde-containing molecules as substrates for PFTase and as reactants in both oxime and hydrazone formation. Using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a model system, we demonstrate that the purified protein can be enzymatically modified with either analogue to yield aldehyde-functionalized proteins. Oxime or hydrazone formation was then employed to immobilize, fluorescently label, or PEGylate the resulting aldehyde-containing proteins. Immobilization via hydrazone formation was also shown to be reversible via transoximization with a fluorescent alkoxyamine. After characterizing this labeling strategy using pure protein, the specificity of the enzymatic process was used to selectively label GFP present in crude E. coli extract followed by capture of the aldehyde-modified protein using hydrazide-agarose. Subsequent incubation of the immobilized protein using a fluorescently labeled or PEGylated alkoxyamine resulted in the release of pure GFP containing the desired site-specific covalent modifications. This procedure was also employed to produce PEGylated glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), a protein with potential therapeutic activity for diabetes. Given the specificity of the PFTase-catalyzed reaction coupled with the ability to introduce a CAAX-box recognition sequence onto almost any protein, this method shows great potential as a general approach for selective immobilization and labeling of recombinant proteins present in crude cellular extract without prior purification. Beyond generating site-specifically modified proteins, this approach for polypeptide modification could be particularly useful for large-scale production of protein conjugates for therapeutic or industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rashidian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55454, United States
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