201
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Yao CH, Wang R, Wang Y, Kung CP, Weber JD, Patti GJ. Mitochondrial fusion supports increased oxidative phosphorylation during cell proliferation. eLife 2019; 8:e41351. [PMID: 30694178 PMCID: PMC6351101 DOI: 10.7554/elife.41351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferating cells often have increased glucose consumption and lactate excretion relative to the same cells in the quiescent state, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. Despite an increase in glycolysis, however, here we show that non-transformed mouse fibroblasts also increase oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) by nearly two-fold and mitochondrial coupling efficiency by ~30% during proliferation. Both increases are supported by mitochondrial fusion. Impairing mitochondrial fusion by knocking down mitofusion-2 (Mfn2) was sufficient to attenuate proliferation, while overexpressing Mfn2 increased proliferation. Interestingly, impairing mitochondrial fusion decreased OXPHOS but did not deplete ATP levels. Instead, inhibition caused cells to transition from excreting aspartate to consuming it. Transforming fibroblasts with the Ras oncogene induced mitochondrial biogenesis, which further elevated OXPHOS. Notably, transformed fibroblasts continued to have elongated mitochondria and their proliferation remained sensitive to inhibition of Mfn2. Our results suggest that cell proliferation requires increased OXPHOS as supported by mitochondrial fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Hui Yao
- Department of ChemistryWashington UniversitySt. LouisUnited States
| | - Rencheng Wang
- Department of ChemistryWashington UniversitySt. LouisUnited States
| | - Yahui Wang
- Department of ChemistryWashington UniversitySt. LouisUnited States
| | - Che-Pei Kung
- Division of Molecular OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Jason D Weber
- Division of Molecular OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Gary J Patti
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
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202
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Hu P, Li S, Tian N, Wu F, Hu Y, Li D, Qi Y, Wei Z, Wei Q, Li Y, Yin B, Jiang T, Yuan J, Qiang B, Han W, Peng X. Acidosis enhances the self-renewal and mitochondrial respiration of stem cell-like glioma cells through CYP24A1-mediated reduction of vitamin D. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:25. [PMID: 30631035 PMCID: PMC6328565 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1242-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acidosis is a significant feature of the tumor microenvironment in glioma, and it is closely related to multiple biological functions of cancer stem cells. Here, we found that the self-renewal ability, the mitochondrial activity and ATP production were elevated in stem cell-like glioma cells (SLCs) under acidic microenvironment, which promoted and maintained the stemness of SLCs. Under acidosis, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) was upregulated and catalyzed the fast degradation of 1α,25(OH)2D3. We further revealed that the active form of vitamin D (1α,25(OH)2D3) could inhibit the expression of stemness markers, attenuate acidosis-induced increase of self-renewal ability and mitochondrial respiration in stem cell-like glioma cells. Our study indicates that the acidosis–CYP24A1–vitamin D pathway may be a key regulator of the cancer stem cell phenotype in malignant glioma and point out the potential value for the utilization of vitamin D to target cancer stem cells and to restrain the growth of malignant glioma in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peishan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Ningyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Dengke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjiao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Qunfang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Yanchao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Boqin Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaozhong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 100005, Beijing, China. .,Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.
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203
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Xie Y, Sundström A, Maturi NP, Tan EJ, Marinescu VD, Jarvius M, Tirfing M, Jin C, Chen L, Essand M, Swartling FJ, Nelander S, Jiang Y, Uhrbom L. LGR5 promotes tumorigenicity and invasion of glioblastoma stem-like cells and is a potential therapeutic target for a subset of glioblastoma patients. J Pathol 2019; 247:228-240. [PMID: 30357839 DOI: 10.1002/path.5186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary malignant brain tumor which lacks efficient treatment and predictive biomarkers. Expression of the epithelial stem cell marker Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) has been described in GBM, but its functional role has not been conclusively elucidated. Here, we have investigated the role of LGR5 in a large repository of patient-derived GBM stem cell (GSC) cultures. The consequences of LGR5 overexpression or depletion have been analyzed using in vitro and in vivo methods, which showed that, among those with highest LGR5 expression (LGR5high ), there were two phenotypically distinct groups: one that was dependent on LGR5 for its malignant properties and another that was unaffected by changes in LGR5 expression. The LGR5-responding cultures could be identified by their significantly higher self-renewal capacity as measured by extreme limiting dilution assay (ELDA), and these LGR5high -ELDAhigh cultures were also significantly more malignant and invasive compared to the LGR5high -ELDAlow cultures. This showed that LGR5 expression alone would not be a strict marker of LGR5 responsiveness. In a search for additional biomarkers, we identified LPAR4, CCND2, and OLIG2 that were significantly upregulated in LGR5-responsive GSC cultures, and we found that OLIG2 together with LGR5 were predictive of GSC radiation and drug response. Overall, we show that LGR5 regulates the malignant phenotype in a subset of patient-derived GSC cultures, which supports its potential as a predictive GBM biomarker. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xie
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Sundström
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Naga P Maturi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E-Jean Tan
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Voichita D Marinescu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Jarvius
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Tirfing
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chuan Jin
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Essand
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik J Swartling
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sven Nelander
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yiwen Jiang
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lene Uhrbom
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
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204
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Dai W, Jiang L. Dysregulated Mitochondrial Dynamics and Metabolism in Obesity, Diabetes, and Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:570. [PMID: 31551926 PMCID: PMC6734166 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism describes the life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms that provide both energy and building blocks for cellular survival and proliferation. Dysregulated metabolism leads to many life-threatening diseases including obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Mitochondria, subcellular organelles, contain the central energy-producing metabolic pathway, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Also, mitochondria exist in a dynamic network orchestrated by extracellular nutrient levels and intracellular energy needs. Upon stimulation, mitochondria undergo consistent interchange through fusion (small to big) and fission (big to small) processes. Mitochondrial fusion is primarily controlled by three GTPases, mitofusin 1 (Mfn1), Mfn2, and optic atrophy 1 (Opa1), while mitochondrial fission is primarily regulated by GTPase dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). Dysregulated activity of these GTPases results in disrupted mitochondrial dynamics and cellular metabolism. This review will update the metabolic roles of these GTPases in obesity, diabetes, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Dai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Duarte, CA, United States
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Lei Jiang
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205
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Pharmacological targeting of mitochondria in cancer stem cells: An ancient organelle at the crossroad of novel anti-cancer therapies. Pharmacol Res 2019; 139:298-313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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206
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Qi Z, Huang Z, Xie F, Chen L. Dynamin-related protein 1: A critical protein in the pathogenesis of neural system dysfunctions and neurodegenerative diseases. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10032-10046. [PMID: 30515821 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in the maintenance of neuronal function by continuously providing energy. Here, we will give a detailed review about the recent developments in regards to dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) induced unbalanced mitochondrial dynamics, excessive mitochondrial division, and neuronal injury in neural system dysfunctions and neurodegenerative diseases, including the Drp1 knockout induced mice embryonic death, the dysfunction of the Drp1-dependent mitochondrial division induced neuronal cell apoptosis and impaired neuronal axonal transportation, the abnormal interaction between Drp1 and amyloid β (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the mutant Huntingtin (Htt) in Huntington's disease (HD), and the Drp1-associated pathogenesis of other neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Drp1 is required for mitochondrial division determining the size, shape, distribution, and remodeling as well as maintaining of mitochondrial integrity in mammalian cells. In addition, increasing reports indicate that the Drp1 is involved in some cellular events of neuronal cells causing some neural system dysfunctions and neurodegenerative diseases, including impaired mitochondrial dynamics, apoptosis, and several posttranslational modification induced increased mitochondrial divisions. Recent studies also revealed that the Drp1 can interact with Aβ, phosphorylated τ, and mutant Htt affecting the mitochondrial shape, size, distribution, axonal transportation, and energy production in the AD and HD neuronal cells. These changes can affect the health of mitochondria and the function of synapses causing neuronal injury and eventually leading to the dysfunction of memory, cognitive impairment, resting tremor, posture instability, involuntary movements, and progressive muscle atrophy and paralysis in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Qi
- Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Feng Xie
- Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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207
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Xie LL, Shi F, Tan Z, Li Y, Bode AM, Cao Y. Mitochondrial network structure homeostasis and cell death. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3686-3694. [PMID: 30312515 PMCID: PMC6272111 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the major cellular energy‐producing organelles and intracellular source of reactive oxygen species. These organelles are responsible for driving cell life and death through mitochondrial network structure homeostasis, which is determined by a balance of fission and fusion. Recent advances revealed that a number of components of the fission and fusion machinery, including dynamin‐related protein 1 (Drp1), mitofusin1/2 (Mfn1/2) and Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), that have been implicated in mitochondrial shape changes are indispensible for autophagy, apoptosis and necroptosis. Drp1 is the main regulator of mitochondrial fission and has become a key point of contention. The controversy focuses on whether Drp1 is directly involved in the regulation of cell death and, if involved, whether is it a stimulator or a negative regulator of cell death. Here, we examine the relevance of the homeostasis of the mitochondrial network structure in 3 different types of cell death, including autophagy, apoptosis and necroptosis. Furthermore, a variety of cancers often exhibit a fragmented mitochondrial phenotype. Thus, the fragmented ratio can reflect tumor progression that predicts prognosis and therapeutic response. In addition, we investigate whether the targeting of the mitochondrial fission protein Drp1 could be a novel therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Long Xie
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies to Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Changsha Human Province, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies to Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Changsha Human Province, Changsha, China
| | - Zheqiong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies to Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Changsha Human Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yueshuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies to Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Changsha Human Province, Changsha, China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies to Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Changsha Human Province, Changsha, China
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208
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Rossi A, Pizzo P, Filadi R. Calcium, mitochondria and cell metabolism: A functional triangle in bioenergetics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1866:1068-1078. [PMID: 30982525 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The versatility of mitochondrial metabolism and its fine adjustments to specific physiological or pathological conditions regulate fundamental cell pathways, ranging from proliferation to apoptosis. In particular, Ca2+ signalling has emerged as a key player exploited by mitochondria to tune their activity according with cell demand. The functional interaction between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) deeply impacts on the correct mitochondrial Ca2+ signal, thus modulating cell bioenergetics and functionality. Indeed, Ca2+ released by the ER is taken up by mitochondria where, both in the intermembrane space and in the matrix, it regulates the activity of transporters, enzymes and proteins involved in organelles' metabolism. In this review, we will briefly summarize Ca2+-dependent mechanisms involved in the regulation of mitochondrial activity. Moreover, we will discuss some recent reports, in which alterations in mitochondrial Ca2+ signalling have been associated with specific pathological conditions, such as neurodegeneration and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Rossi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Pizzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy; Neuroscience Institute - Italian National Research Council (CNR), 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Filadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
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209
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Yu SB, Pekkurnaz G. Mechanisms Orchestrating Mitochondrial Dynamics for Energy Homeostasis. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:3922-3941. [PMID: 30089235 PMCID: PMC6186503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To maintain homeostasis, every cell must constantly monitor its energy level and appropriately adjust energy, in the form of ATP, production rates based on metabolic demand. Continuous fulfillment of this energy demand depends on the ability of cells to sense, metabolize, and convert nutrients into chemical energy. Mitochondria are the main energy conversion sites for many cell types. Cellular metabolic states dictate the mitochondrial size, shape, function, and positioning. Mitochondrial shape varies from singular discrete organelles to interconnected reticular networks within cells. The morphological adaptations of mitochondria to metabolic cues are facilitated by the dynamic events categorized as transport, fusion, fission, and quality control. By changing their dynamics and strategic positioning within the cytoplasm, mitochondria carry out critical functions and also participate actively in inter-organelle cross-talk, assisting metabolite transfer, degradation, and biogenesis. Mitochondrial dynamics has become an active area of research because of its particular importance in cancer, metabolic diseases, and neurological disorders. In this review, we will highlight the molecular pathways involved in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and their roles in maintaining energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyoon B Yu
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Gulcin Pekkurnaz
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, United States.
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210
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Positive feedback loop between mitochondrial fission and Notch signaling promotes survivin-mediated survival of TNBC cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1050. [PMID: 30323195 PMCID: PMC6189045 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1083-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial morphology is remodeled by continuous dynamic cycles of fission and fusion. Emerging data have shown that the disturbance of balance between mitochondrial fission and fusion is involved in the progression of several types of neoplasms. However, the status of mitochondrial dynamics and its potential biological roles in breast cancer (BC), particularly in triple negative BC (TNBC) are not fully clear. Here, we reported that the mitochondrial fission was significantly increased in BC tissues, especially in the TNBC tissues, when compared with that in the corresponding peritumor tissues. Meanwhile, our data showed that Drp1 was upregulated, while Mfn1 was downregulated in TNBC. Moreover, elevated mitochondrial fission was associated with poorer prognosis in TNBC patients. Mitochondrial fission promoted the survival of TNBC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we identified a positive feedback loop between mitochondrial fission and Notch signaling pathway in TNBC cells, as proved by the experimental evidence that the activation of Notch signaling enhanced Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission and Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission in turn promoted the activation of Notch signaling, which ultimately promoted the cell survival of TNBC via increasing survivin expression level. Inhibition of either Notch1 or Drp1 significantly impaired the activation of the other, leading to the suppression of TNBC cell survival and proliferation. Collectively, our data reveal a novel mechanism that the positive feedback loop between mitochondrial fission and Notch signaling promotes the survival, proliferation and apoptotic resistance of TNBC cells via increasing survivin expression and thus favors cancer progression.
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211
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Zhou K, Yao YL, He ZC, Chen C, Zhang XN, Yang KD, Liu YQ, Liu Q, Fu WJ, Chen YP, Niu Q, Ma QH, Zhou R, Yao XH, Zhang X, Cui YH, Bian XW, Shi Y, Ping YF. VDAC2 interacts with PFKP to regulate glucose metabolism and phenotypic reprogramming of glioma stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:988. [PMID: 30250190 PMCID: PMC6155247 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1015-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Plastic phenotype convention between glioma stem cells (GSCs) and non-stem tumor cells (NSTCs) significantly fuels glioblastoma heterogeneity that causes therapeutic failure. Recent progressions indicate that glucose metabolic reprogramming could drive cell fates. However, the metabolic pattern of GSCs and NSTCs and its association with tumor cell phenotypes remain largely unknown. Here we found that GSCs were more glycolytic than NSTCs, and voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2), a mitochondrial membrane protein, was critical for metabolic switching between GSCs and NSTCs to affect their phenotypes. VDAC2 was highly expressed in NSTCs relative to GSCs and coupled a glycolytic rate-limiting enzyme platelet-type of phosphofructokinase (PFKP) on mitochondrion to inhibit PFKP-mediated glycolysis required for GSC maintenance. Disruption of VDAC2 induced dedifferentiation of NSTCs to acquire GSC features, including the enhanced self-renewal, preferential expression of GSC markers, and increased tumorigenicity. Inversely, enforced expression ofVDAC2 impaired the self-renewal and highly tumorigenic properties of GSCs. PFK inhibitor clotrimazole compromised the effect of VDAC2 disruption on glycolytic reprogramming and GSC phenotypic transition. Clinically, VDAC2 expression inversely correlated with glioma grades (Immunohistochemical staining scores of VDAC2 were 4.7 ± 2.8, 3.2 ± 1.9, and 1.9 ± 1.9 for grade II, grade III, and IV, respectively, p < 0.05 for all) and the patients with high expression of VDAC2 had longer overall survival than those with low expression of VDAC2 (p = 0.0008). In conclusion, we demonstrate that VDAC2 is a new glycolytic regulator controlling the phenotype transition between glioma stem cells and non-stem cells and may serves as a new prognostic indicator and a potential therapeutic target for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhou
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yue-Liang Yao
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng He
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kai-Di Yang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu-Qi Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wen-Juan Fu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ya-Ping Chen
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qin Niu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qing-Hua Ma
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Yao
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - You-Hong Cui
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiu-Wu Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yu Shi
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yi-Fang Ping
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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212
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BH3 mimetics induce apoptosis independent of DRP-1 in melanoma. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:907. [PMID: 30185782 PMCID: PMC6125485 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite the recent advancement in treating melanoma, options are still limited for patients without BRAF mutations or in relapse from current treatments. BH3 mimetics against members of the BCL-2 family have gained excitement with the recent success in hematological malignancies. However, single drug BH3 mimetic therapy in melanoma has limited effectiveness due to escape by the anti-apoptotic protein MCL-1 and/or survival of melanoma-initiating cells (MICs). We tested the efficacy of the BH3 mimetic combination of A-1210477 (an MCL-1 inhibitor) and ABT-263 (a BCL-2/BCL-XL/BCL-W inhibitor) in killing melanoma, especially MICs. We also sought to better define Dynamin-Related Protein 1 (DRP-1)'s role in melanoma; DRP-1 is known to interact with members of the BCL-2 family and is a possible therapeutic target for melanoma treatment. We used multiple assays (cell viability, apoptosis, bright field, immunoblot, and sphere formation), as well as the CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing techniques. For clinical relevance, we employed patient samples of different mutation status, including some relapsed from current treatments such as anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. We found the BH3 mimetic combination kill both the MICs and non-MICs (bulk of melanoma) in all cell lines and patient samples irrespective of the mutation status or relapsed state (p < 0.05). Unexpectedly, the major pro-apoptotic proteins, NOXA and BIM, are not necessary for the combination-induced cell death. Furthermore, the combination impedes the activation of DRP-1, and inhibition of DRP-1 further enhances apoptosis (p < 0.05). DRP-1 effects in melanoma differ from those seen in other cancer cells. These results provide new insights into BCL-2 family's regulation of the apoptotic pathway in melanoma, and suggest that inhibiting the major anti-apoptotic proteins is sufficient to induce cell death even without involvement from major pro-apoptotic proteins. Importantly, our study also indicates that DRP-1 inhibition is a promising adjuvant for BH3 mimetics in melanoma treatment.
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213
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Gao X, Mi Y, Guo N, Xu H, Jiang P, Zhang R, Xu L, Gou X. Glioma in Schizophrenia: Is the Risk Higher or Lower? Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:289. [PMID: 30233327 PMCID: PMC6129591 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether persons with schizophrenia have a higher or lower incidence of cancer has been discussed for a long time. Due to the complex mechanisms and characteristics of different types of cancer, it is difficult to evaluate the exact relationship between cancers and schizophrenia without considering the type of tumor. Schizophrenia, a disabling mental illness that is now recognized as a neurodevelopmental disorder, is more correlated with brain tumors, such as glioma, than other types of tumors. Thus, we mainly focused on the relationship between schizophrenia and glioma morbidity. Glioma tumorigenesis and schizophrenia may share similar mechanisms; gene/pathway disruption would affect neurodevelopment and reduce the risk of glioma. The molecular defects of disrupted-in-schizophrenia-1 (DISC1), P53, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and C-X-C chemokine receptors type 4 (CXCR4) involved in schizophrenia pathogenesis might play opposite roles in glioma development. Many microRNAs (miRNAs) such as miR-183, miR-9, miR-137 and miR-126 expression change may be involved in the cross talk between glioma prevalence and schizophrenia. Finally, antipsychotic drugs may have antitumor effects. All these factors show that persons with schizophrenia have a decreased incidence of glioma; therefore, epidemiological investigation and studies comparing genetic and epigenetic aberrations involved in both of these complex diseases should be performed. These studies can provide more insightful knowledge about glioma and schizophrenia pathophysiology and help to determine the target/strategies for the prevention and treatment of the two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchun Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yajing Mi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengtao Jiang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruisan Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lixian Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingchun Gou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
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214
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Zhan L, Lu Z, Zhu X, Xu W, Li L, Li X, Chen S, Sun W, Xu E. Hypoxic preconditioning attenuates necroptotic neuronal death induced by global cerebral ischemia via Drp1-dependent signaling pathway mediated by CaMKIIα inactivation in adult rats. FASEB J 2018; 33:1313-1329. [PMID: 30148677 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800111rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) alleviates the selective and delayed neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region induced by transient global cerebral ischemia (tGCI). This type of cell death may include different programmed cell death mechanisms, namely, apoptosis and necroptosis. Although apoptotic signaling is well defined, the mechanisms that underlie neuronal necroptosis are yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether HPC protects neurons from cerebral ischemia-induced necroptosis. We observed that tGCI up-regulated the expression of receptor-interacting protein (RIP) 3 and increased the interaction of RIP1-RIP3 in CA1 at the early stage of reperfusion. The pretreatment with HPC or necrostatin-1 decreased the expression of RIP3 and the formation of RIP1-RIP3 after tGCI. We also found that HPC decreased the expression and the activity of caspase-8 in CA1 after tGCI, and notably, the pretreatment with Z-VAD-FMK, a pan-caspase inhibitor, did not trigger necroptosis but attenuated the tGCI-induced neuronal damage. Furthermore, we demonstrated that HPC decreased the activation of calcium-calmodulin kinase (CaMK) IIα and the interaction of RIP1 and CaMKIIα induced by tGCI. Intriguingly, the pretreatment with a CaMKs inhibitor KN-93 before tGCI resulted in significantly reduced RIP1-3 interaction and tGCI-induced neuronal damage. Finally, we ascertained that HPC prevented the dephosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-Ser637 (serine 637) and inhibited the translocation of Drp1 to mitochondria induced by tGCI. Importantly, the treatment with a Drp1 inhibitor Mdivi-1 or necrostatin-1 before tGCI also abolished Drp1 dephosphorylation at Ser637 and mitochondrial translocation. Taken together, our results highlight that HPC attenuates necroptotic neuronal death induced by tGCI via Drp1-dependent mitochondrial signaling pathways mediated by CaMKIIα inactivation.-Zhan, L., Lu, Z., Zhu, X., Xu, W., Li, L., Li, X., Chen, S., Sun, W., Xu, E. Hypoxic preconditioning attenuates necroptotic neuronal death induced by global cerebral ischemia via Drp1-dependent signaling pathway mediated by CaMKIIα inactivation in adult rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huai Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wensheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luxi Li
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - En Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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215
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Laaper M, Jahani-Asl A. Regulation of neural stem cell fate decisions by mitochondrial dynamics. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:1548-1549. [PMID: 30127113 PMCID: PMC6126118 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.237115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Laaper
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Arezu Jahani-Asl
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University; Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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216
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Possible Roles of Mitochondrial Dynamics and the Effects of Pharmacological Interventions in Chemoresistant Ovarian Cancer. EBioMedicine 2018; 34:256-266. [PMID: 30049609 PMCID: PMC6116427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the major cause of death out of all the gynecologic cancers. The prognosis of this cancer is quite poor since patients only seek treatment when it is at an advanced stage. Any early biomarkers for this cancer are still unknown. Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics with associated resistance to apoptosis plays a crucial role in several types of human carcinogenesis, including ovarian cancers. Previous studies showed that increased mitochondrial fission occurred in ovarian cancer cells. However, several pharmacological interventions and therapeutic strategies, which modify the mitochondrial dynamics through the promotion of mitochondrial fission and apoptosis of cancer cells, have been shown to potentially provide beneficial effects in ovarian cancer treatment. Therefore the aim of the present review is to summarize and discuss the current findings from in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies associated with the alteration of mitochondrial dynamics and ovarian cancers with and without interventions. Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics occurred in ovarian cancer. Increased mitochondrial dysregulation may correlate with the increasing degree of chemoresistance in ovarian cancers. Drugs-induced mitochondrial fission and apoptosis will be beneficial effect in ovarian cancer therapy.
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217
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Tang Q, Liu W, Zhang Q, Huang J, Hu C, Liu Y, Wang Q, Zhou M, Lai W, Sheng F, Li G, Zhang R. Dynamin-related protein 1-mediated mitochondrial fission contributes to IR-783-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4474-4485. [PMID: 29993201 PMCID: PMC6111821 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IR‐783 is a kind of heptamethine cyanine dye that exhibits imaging, cancer targeting and anticancer properties. A previous study reported that its imaging and targeting properties were related to mitochondria. However, the molecular mechanism behind the anticancer activity of IR‐783 has not been well demonstrated. In this study, we showed that IR‐783 inhibits cell viability and induces mitochondrial apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Exposure of MDA‐MB‐231 cells to IR‐783 resulted in the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and cytochrome c (Cyto C) release. Furthermore, we found that IR‐783 induced dynamin‐related protein 1 (Drp1) translocation from the cytosol to the mitochondria, increased the expression of mitochondrial fission proteins mitochondrial fission factor (MFF) and fission‐1 (Fis1), and decreased the expression of mitochondrial fusion proteins mitofusin1 (Mfn1) and optic atrophy 1 (OPA1). Moreover, knockdown of Drp1 markedly blocked IR‐783‐mediated mitochondrial fission, loss of MMP, ATP depletion, mPTP opening and apoptosis. Our in vivo study confirmed that IR‐783 markedly inhibited tumour growth and induced apoptosis in an MDA‐MB‐231 xenograft model in association with the mitochondrial translocation of Drp1. Taken together, these findings suggest that IR‐783 induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by increasing Drp1‐mediated mitochondrial fission. Our study uncovered the molecular mechanism of the anti‐breast cancer effects of IR‐783 and provided novel perspectives for the application of IR‐783 in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wuyi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingbin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changpeng Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjing Lai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangfang Sheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guobing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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218
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Coordinated autophagy modulation overcomes glioblastoma chemoresistance through disruption of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10348. [PMID: 29985441 PMCID: PMC6037778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28590-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is known to be one of the most malignant and aggressive forms of brain cancer due to its resistance to chemotherapy. Recently, GBM was found to not only utilise both oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and aerobic glycolysis, but also depend on the bulk protein degradation system known as macroautophagy to uphold proliferation. Although autophagy modulators hold great potential as adjuvants to chemotherapy, the degree of upregulation or inhibition necessary to achieve cell death sensitisation remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the degree of autophagy modulation necessary to impair mitochondrial bioenergetics to the extent of promoting cell death onset. It was shown that coordinated upregulation of autophagy followed by its inhibition prior to chemotherapy decreased electron transfer system (ETS) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity, impaired mitochondrial fission and fusion dynamics and enhanced apoptotic cell death onset in terms of cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved PARP expression. Therefore, coordinated autophagy modulation may present a favourable avenue for improved chemotherapeutic intervention in the future.
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219
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Cuyàs E, Verdura S, Folguera-Blasco N, Bastidas-Velez C, Martin ÁG, Alarcón T, Menendez JA. Mitostemness. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:918-926. [PMID: 29886796 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1467679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Unraveling the key mechanisms governing the retention versus loss of the cancer stem cell (CSC) state would open new therapeutic avenues to eradicate cancer. Mitochondria are increasingly recognized key drivers in the origin and development of CSC functional traits. We here propose the new term "mitostemness" to designate the mitochondria-dependent signaling functions that, evolutionary rooted in the bacterial origin of mitochondria, regulate the maintenance of CSC self-renewal and resistance to differentiation. Mitostemness traits, namely mitonuclear communication, mitoproteome components, and mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics, can be therapeutically exploited to target the CSC state. We briefly review the pre-clinical evidence of action of investigational compounds on mitostemness traits and discuss ongoing strategies to accelerate the clinical translation of new mitostemness drugs. The recognition that the bacterial origin of present-day mitochondria can drive decision-making signaling phenomena may open up a new therapeutic dimension against life-threatening CSCs. New therapeutics aimed to target mitochondria not only as biochemical but also as biophysical and morpho-physiological hallmarks of CSC might certainly guide improvements to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Cuyàs
- a Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group , Catalan Institute of Oncology , Girona , Spain.,b Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI) , Girona , Spain
| | - Sara Verdura
- a Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group , Catalan Institute of Oncology , Girona , Spain.,b Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI) , Girona , Spain
| | | | | | | | - Tomás Alarcón
- c Centre de Recerca Matemàtica , Barcelona , Spain.,e Barcelona Graduate School of Mathematics (BGSMath) , Barcelona , Spain.,f ICREA , Barcelona , Spain.,g Departament de Matemàtiques , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Javier A Menendez
- a Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group , Catalan Institute of Oncology , Girona , Spain.,b Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI) , Girona , Spain
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220
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FOXO1 inhibition potentiates endothelial angiogenic functions in diabetes via suppression of ROCK1/Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2481-2494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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221
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Aulestia FJ, Néant I, Dong J, Haiech J, Kilhoffer MC, Moreau M, Leclerc C. Quiescence status of glioblastoma stem-like cells involves remodelling of Ca 2+ signalling and mitochondrial shape. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9731. [PMID: 29950651 PMCID: PMC6021377 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Quiescence is a reversible cell-cycle arrest which allows cancer stem-like cells to evade killing following therapies. Here, we show that proliferating glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSLCs) can be induced and maintained in a quiescent state by lowering the extracellular pH. Through RNAseq analysis we identified Ca2+ signalling genes differentially expressed between proliferating and quiescent GSLCs. Using the bioluminescent Ca2+ reporter EGFP-aequorin we observed that the changes in Ca2+ homeostasis occurring during the switch from proliferation to quiescence are controlled through store-operated channels (SOC) since inhibition of SOC drives proliferating GSLCs to quiescence. We showed that this switch is characterized by an increased capacity of GSLCs’ mitochondria to capture Ca2+ and by a dramatic and reversible change of mitochondrial morphology from a tubular to a donut shape. Our data suggest that the remodelling of the Ca2+ homeostasis and the reshaping of mitochondria might favours quiescent GSLCs’ survival and their aggressiveness in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Aulestia
- Centre de Biologie du Développement (CBD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, F-31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Néant
- Centre de Biologie du Développement (CBD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, F-31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Jihu Dong
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIT UMR 7200, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jacques Haiech
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIT UMR 7200, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Claude Kilhoffer
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIT UMR 7200, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marc Moreau
- Centre de Biologie du Développement (CBD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, F-31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Leclerc
- Centre de Biologie du Développement (CBD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, F-31062, Toulouse, France.
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222
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NavaneethaKrishnan S, Rosales JL, Lee KY. Targeting Cdk5 for killing of breast cancer cells via perturbation of redox homeostasis. Oncoscience 2018; 5:152-154. [PMID: 30035173 PMCID: PMC6049304 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saranya NavaneethaKrishnan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jesusa L Rosales
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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223
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Pei S, Minhajuddin M, Adane B, Khan N, Stevens BM, Mack SC, Lai S, Rich JN, Inguva A, Shannon KM, Kim H, Tan AC, Myers JR, Ashton JM, Neff T, Pollyea DA, Smith CA, Jordan CT. AMPK/FIS1-Mediated Mitophagy Is Required for Self-Renewal of Human AML Stem Cells. Cell Stem Cell 2018; 23:86-100.e6. [PMID: 29910151 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are thought to drive the genesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as well as relapse following chemotherapy. Because of their unique biology, developing effective methods to eradicate LSCs has been a significant challenge. In the present study, we demonstrate that intrinsic overexpression of the mitochondrial dynamics regulator FIS1 mediates mitophagy activity that is essential for primitive AML cells. Depletion of FIS1 attenuates mitophagy and leads to inactivation of GSK3, myeloid differentiation, cell cycle arrest, and a profound loss of LSC self-renewal potential. Further, we report that the central metabolic stress regulator AMPK is also intrinsically activated in LSC populations and is upstream of FIS1. Inhibition of AMPK signaling recapitulates the biological effect of FIS1 loss. These data suggest a model in which LSCs co-opt AMPK/FIS1-mediated mitophagy as a means to maintain stem cell properties that may be otherwise compromised by the stresses induced by oncogenic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Pei
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Biniam Adane
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nabilah Khan
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Brett M Stevens
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Stephen C Mack
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Sisi Lai
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jeremy N Rich
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Anagha Inguva
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kevin M Shannon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hyunmin Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Aik-Choon Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jason R Myers
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - John M Ashton
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Tobias Neff
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel A Pollyea
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Clayton A Smith
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Craig T Jordan
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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224
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Noncanonical NF-κB in Cancer. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020066. [PMID: 29874793 PMCID: PMC6027307 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The NF-κB pathway is a critical regulator of immune responses and is often dysregulated in cancer. Two NF-κB pathways have been described to mediate these responses, the canonical and the noncanonical. While understudied compared to the canonical NF-κB pathway, noncanonical NF-κB and its components have been shown to have effects, usually protumorigenic, in many different cancer types. Here, we review noncanonical NF-κB pathways and discuss its important roles in promoting cancer. We also discuss alternative NF-κB-independent functions of some the components of noncanonical NF-κB signaling. Finally, we discuss important crosstalk between canonical and noncanonical signaling, which blurs the two pathways, indicating that understanding the full picture of NF-κB regulation is critical to deciphering how this broad pathway promotes oncogenesis.
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225
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Kashatus DF. The regulation of tumor cell physiology by mitochondrial dynamics. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 500:9-16. [PMID: 28676396 PMCID: PMC5748380 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics are increasingly recognized to play an important role in regulating mitochondrial function in response to diverse stimuli. Given the overlap in the physiological processes influenced by mitochondria and the physiological processes disrupted in tumor cells, we speculate that tumor cells alter mitochondrial shape to promote the tumorigenic phenotype. Here, we briefly review the evidence linking changes in mitochondrial fusion and fission to a number of key tumorigenic processes, including metabolic rewiring, inhibition of cell death, cell migration, cell proliferation and self-renewal capacity. The role of mitochondrial dynamics in tumor growth is an important emerging area of research, a better understanding of which may lead to promising new therapeutic options for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Kashatus
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, PO Box 800734, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA.
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226
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Cancer stem cells (CSCs): metabolic strategies for their identification and eradication. Biochem J 2018; 475:1611-1634. [PMID: 29743249 PMCID: PMC5941316 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity is one of the most relevant features of cancer cells within different tumor types and is responsible for treatment failure. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a population of cells with stem cell-like properties that are considered to be the root cause of tumor heterogeneity, because of their ability to generate the full repertoire of cancer cell types. Moreover, CSCs have been invoked as the main drivers of metastatic dissemination and therapeutic resistance. As such, targeting CSCs may be a useful strategy to improve the effectiveness of classical anticancer therapies. Recently, metabolism has been considered as a relevant player in CSC biology, and indeed, oncogenic alterations trigger the metabolite-driven dissemination of CSCs. More interestingly, the action of metabolic pathways in CSC maintenance might not be merely a consequence of genomic alterations. Indeed, certain metabotypic phenotypes may play a causative role in maintaining the stem traits, acting as an orchestrator of stemness. Here, we review the current studies on the metabolic features of CSCs, focusing on the biochemical energy pathways involved in CSC maintenance and propagation. We provide a detailed overview of the plastic metabolic behavior of CSCs in response to microenvironment changes, genetic aberrations, and pharmacological stressors. In addition, we describe the potential of comprehensive metabolic approaches to identify and selectively eradicate CSCs, together with the possibility to 'force' CSCs within certain metabolic dependences, in order to effectively target such metabolic biochemical inflexibilities. Finally, we focus on targeting mitochondria to halt CSC dissemination and effectively eradicate cancer.
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227
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Suresh K, Servinsky L, Jiang H, Bigham Z, Yun X, Kliment C, Huetsch J, Damarla M, Shimoda LA. Reactive oxygen species induced Ca 2+ influx via TRPV4 and microvascular endothelial dysfunction in the SU5416/hypoxia model of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 314:L893-L907. [PMID: 29388466 PMCID: PMC6008124 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00430.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a lethal disease characterized by elevations in pulmonary arterial pressure, in part due to formation of occlusive lesions in the distal arterioles of the lung. These complex lesions may comprise multiple cell types, including endothelial cells (ECs). To better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying EC dysfunction in PAH, lung microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) were isolated from normoxic rats (N-MVECs) and rats subjected to SU5416 plus hypoxia (SuHx), an experimental model of PAH. Compared with N-MVECs, MVECs isolated from SuHx rats (SuHx-MVECs) appeared larger and more spindle shaped morphologically and expressed canonical smooth muscle cell markers smooth muscle-specific α-actin and myosin heavy chain in addition to endothelial markers such as Griffonia simplicifolia and von Willebrand factor. SuHx-MVEC mitochondria were dysfunctional, as evidenced by increased fragmentation/fission, decreased oxidative phosphorylation, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Functionally, SuHx-MVECs exhibited increased basal levels of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and enhanced migratory and proliferative capacity. Treatment with global (TEMPOL) or mitochondria-specific (MitoQ) antioxidants decreased ROS levels and basal [Ca2]i in SuHx-MVECs. TEMPOL and MitoQ also decreased migration and proliferation in SuHx-MVECs. Additionally, inhibition of ROS-induced Ca2+ entry via pharmacologic blockade of transient receptor potential vanilloid-4 (TRPV4) attenuated [Ca2]i, migration, and proliferation. These findings suggest a role for mitochondrial ROS-induced Ca2+ influx via TRPV4 in promoting abnormal migration and proliferation in MVECs in this PAH model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Suresh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Laura Servinsky
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Zahna Bigham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Xin Yun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Corrine Kliment
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John Huetsch
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mahendra Damarla
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Larissa A Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
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228
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Meng J. Distinct functions of dynamin isoforms in tumorigenesis and their potential as therapeutic targets in cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:41701-41716. [PMID: 28402939 PMCID: PMC5522257 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamins and their related proteins participate in the regulation of neurotransmission, antigen presentation, receptor internalization, growth factor signalling, nutrient uptake, and pathogen infection. Recently, emerging findings have shown dynamin proteins can also contribute to the genesis of cancer. This up-to-date review herein focuses on the functionality of dynamin in cancer development. Dynamin 1 and 2 both enhance cancer cell proliferation, tumor invasion and metastasis, whereas dynamin 3 has tumor suppression role. Antisense RNAs encoded on the DNA strand opposite a dynamin gene regulate the function of dynamin, and manipulate oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Certain dynamin-related proteins are also upregulated in distinct cancer conditions, resulting in apoptotic resistance, cell migration and poor prognosis. Altogether, dynamins are potential biomarkers as well as representing promising novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. This study also summarizes the current available dynamin-targeted therapeutics and suggests the potential strategy based on signalling pathways involved, providing important information to aid the future development of novel cancer therapeutics by targeting these dynamin family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Meng
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,International Centre for Neurotherapeutics, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
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229
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Breitzig MT, Alleyn MD, Lockey RF, Kolliputi N. A mitochondrial delicacy: dynamin-related protein 1 and mitochondrial dynamics. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 315:C80-C90. [PMID: 29669222 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00042.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The constant physiological flux of mitochondrial fission and fusion is inextricably tied to the maintenance of cellular bioenergetics and the fluidity of mitochondrial networks. Yet, the intricacies of this dynamic duo remain unclear in diseases that encompass mitochondrial dysregulation. Particularly, the role of the GTPase fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is of profound interest. Studies have identified that Drp1 participates in complex signaling pathways, suggesting that the function of mitochondria in pathophysiology may extend far beyond energetics alone. Research indicates that, in stressed conditions, Drp1 translocation to the mitochondria leads to elevated fragmentation and mitophagy; however, despite this, there is limited knowledge about the mechanistic regulation of Drp1 in disease conditions. This review highlights literature about fission, fusion, and, more importantly, discusses Drp1 in cardiac, neural, carcinogenic, renal, and pulmonary diseases. The therapeutic desirability for further research into its contribution to diseases that involve mitochondrial dysregulation is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason T Breitzig
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida , Tampa, Florida
| | - Matthew D Alleyn
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida , Tampa, Florida
| | - Richard F Lockey
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida , Tampa, Florida
| | - Narasaiah Kolliputi
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida , Tampa, Florida
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230
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Discovery and characterization of selective small molecule inhibitors of the mammalian mitochondrial division dynamin, DRP1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:556-562. [PMID: 29601815 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Balanced rates of mitochondrial division and fusion are required to maintain mitochondrial function, as well as cellular and organismal homeostasis. In mammals, the cellular machines that mediate these processes are dynamin-related GTPases; the cytosolic DRP1 mediates division, while the outer membrane MFN1/2 and inner membrane OPA1 mediate fusion. Unbalanced mitochondrial dynamics are linked to varied pathologies, including cell death and neurodegeneration, raising the possibility that small molecules that target the division and fusion machines to restore balance may have therapeutic potential. Here we describe the discovery of novel small molecules that directly and selectively inhibit assembly-stimulated GTPase activity of the division dynamin, DRP1. In addition, these small molecules restore wild type mtDNA copy number in MFN1 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, a phenotype linked to deficient mitochondrial fusion activity. Thus, these compounds are unique tools to explore the roles of mitochondrial division in cells, and to assess the potential therapeutic efficacy of rebalancing mitochondrial dynamics in pathologies associated with excessive mitochondrial division.
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231
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Libby CJ, Tran AN, Scott SE, Griguer C, Hjelmeland AB. The pro-tumorigenic effects of metabolic alterations in glioblastoma including brain tumor initiating cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1869:175-188. [PMID: 29378228 PMCID: PMC6596418 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
De-regulated cellular energetics is an emerging hallmark of cancer with alterations to glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, the pentose phosphate pathway, lipid oxidation and synthesis and amino acid metabolism. Understanding and targeting of metabolic reprogramming in cancers may yield new treatment options, but metabolic heterogeneity and plasticity complicate this strategy. One highly heterogeneous cancer for which current treatments ultimately fail is the deadly brain tumor glioblastoma. Therapeutic resistance, within glioblastoma and other solid tumors, is thought to be linked to subsets of tumor initiating cells, also known as cancer stem cells. Recent profiling of glioblastoma and brain tumor initiating cells reveals changes in metabolism, as compiled here, that may be more broadly applicable. We will summarize the profound role for metabolism in tumor progression and therapeutic resistance and discuss current approaches to target glioma metabolism to improve standard of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J. Libby
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA 35294
| | - Anh Nhat Tran
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA 35294
| | - Sarah E. Scott
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA 35294
| | - Corinne Griguer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA 35294
| | - Anita B. Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA 35294,, corresponding author, Anita Hjelmeland, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, 1900 University Blvd, THT 979, Birmingham Al 35294,
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232
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Yanagi T, Kitamura S, Hata H. Novel Therapeutic Targets in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2018; 8:79. [PMID: 29629337 PMCID: PMC5876309 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the common cancers in Caucasians, accounting for 20–30% of cutaneous malignancies. The risk of metastasis is low in most patients; however, aggressive SCC is associated with very high mortality and morbidity. Although cutaneous SCC can be treated with surgical removal, radiation and chemotherapy singly or in combination, the prognosis of patients with metastatic SCC is poor. Recently, the usage of immune checkpoint blockades has come under consideration. To develop effective therapies that are less toxic than existing ones, it is crucial to achieve a detailed characterization of the molecular mechanisms that are involved in cutaneous SCC pathogenesis and to identify new drug targets. Recent studies have identified novel molecules that are associated with SCC carcinogenesis and progression. This review focuses on recent advances in molecular studies involving SCC tumor development, as well as in new therapeutics that have become available to clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruki Yanagi
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinya Kitamura
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroo Hata
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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233
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Abstract
Glycolysis has long been considered as the major metabolic process for energy production and anabolic growth in cancer cells. Although such a view has been instrumental for the development of powerful imaging tools that are still used in the clinics, it is now clear that mitochondria play a key role in oncogenesis. Besides exerting central bioenergetic functions, mitochondria provide indeed building blocks for tumor anabolism, control redox and calcium homeostasis, participate in transcriptional regulation, and govern cell death. Thus, mitochondria constitute promising targets for the development of novel anticancer agents. However, tumors arise, progress, and respond to therapy in the context of an intimate crosstalk with the host immune system, and many immunological functions rely on intact mitochondrial metabolism. Here, we review the cancer cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic mechanisms through which mitochondria influence all steps of oncogenesis, with a focus on the therapeutic potential of targeting mitochondrial metabolism for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ettore Porporato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Filigheddu
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, 75006 Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, 75006 Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, 75006 Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, 75006 Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hopitâl Européen George Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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234
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Martinvalet D. The role of the mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum contact sites in the development of the immune responses. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:336. [PMID: 29491398 PMCID: PMC5832423 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0237-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites (MERCs) are dynamic modules enriched in subset of lipids and specialized proteins that determine their structure and functions. The MERCs regulate lipid transfer, autophagosome formation, mitochondrial fission, Ca2+ homeostasis and apoptosis. Since these functions are essential for cell biology, it is therefore not surprising that MERCs also play a critical role in organ physiology among which the immune system stands by its critical host defense function. This defense system must discriminate and tolerate host cells and beneficial commensal microorganisms while eliminating pathogenic ones in order to preserve normal homeostasis. To meet this goal, the immune system has two lines of defense. First, the fast acting but unspecific innate immune system relies on anatomical physical barriers and subsets of hematopoietically derived cells expressing germline-encoded receptors called pattern recognition receptors (PRR) recognizing conserved motifs on the pathogens. Second, the slower but very specific adaptive immune response is added to complement innate immunity. Adaptive immunity relies on another set of specialized cells, the lymphocytes, harboring receptors requiring somatic recombination to be expressed. Both innate and adaptive immune cells must be activated to phagocytose and process pathogens, migrate, proliferate, release soluble factors and destroy infected cells. Some of these functions are strongly dependent on lipid transfer, autophagosome formation, mitochondrial fission, and Ca2+ flux; this indicates that MERCs could regulate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Martinvalet
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Geneva Medical School, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
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235
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Oo PS, Yamaguchi Y, Sawaguchi A, Tin Htwe Kyaw M, Choijookhuu N, Noor Ali M, Srisowanna N, Hino SI, Hishikawa Y. Estrogen Regulates Mitochondrial Morphology through Phosphorylation of Dynamin-related Protein 1 in MCF7 Human Breast Cancer Cells. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2018; 51:21-31. [PMID: 29622847 PMCID: PMC5880800 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.17034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen affects mitochondrial function in various tissues, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. We, therefore investigated the effect on estrogen-regulated mitochondrial morphology by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and its Ser616-phosphorylated derivative (pDrp1Ser616) are involved in mitochondrial fission. MCF7 human breast cancer cells were treated with 17β-estradiol (E2), an estrogen receptor (ER) α and β antagonist (ICI 182, 780), an ERα antagonist (MPP), and an ERβ antagonist (PHTPP) for 24 hr. The expression of Drp1 and pDrp1Ser616 was analyzed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Mitochondrial morphology was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In control cells, Drp1 was detected in the cytoplasm of all cells while pDrp1 was observed in the cytoplasm of 3.4 ± 1.0% of the total population. After E2 treatment, pDrp1Ser616-positive cells comprised 30.6 ± 5.6% of the total population, 10.5 ± 1.7% after E2 + ICI treatment, 12.4 ± 4.2% after E2 + MPP treatment, and 24.0 ± 2.2% after E2 + PHTPP treatment. In ERα knockdown MCF7 cells, pDrp1 expression was decreased after E2 treatment compared to E2-treated wild type cells. Tubular pattern mitochondria were found in the control cells but the number of short and small pattern mitochondria (< 0.5 μm2) was significantly increased after E2 treatment (as observed by TEM). We, therefore concluded that the phosphorylation of Drp1 is important for E2-dependent mitochondrial morphological changes through ERα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phyu Synn Oo
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | - Yuya Yamaguchi
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | - Akira Sawaguchi
- Department of Anatomy, Ultrastructural Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | - Myat Tin Htwe Kyaw
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | - Narantsog Choijookhuu
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | - Mohmand Noor Ali
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki
| | - Naparee Srisowanna
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | | | - Yoshitaka Hishikawa
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
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236
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Cheng J, Shuai X, Gao J, Cai M, Wang G, Tao K. Prognostic significance of AMPK in human malignancies: A meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:75739-75748. [PMID: 27716618 PMCID: PMC5342774 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background AMPK is a well-investigated kinase mediating cellular metabolism and stress responses. However, its indicative role in survival prognosis remains ill-defined. Therefore we performed this meta-analysis in order to clarify the prognostic impact of AMPK expression in human malignancies. Methods Literatures were retrieved via searching databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library. Studies comparing the prognostic significance between different AMPK levels among human malignancies were included into the pooled analysis. The statistical procedures were conducted by Review Manager 5.3 and the effect size was displayed by model of odds ratio. Subgroup analyses were additionally implemented to disclose the potential confounding elements. The outcome stability was examined by sensitivity analysis, and both Begg's test and Egger's test were utilized to detect the publication bias across the included studies. Results 21 retrospective cohorts were eventually obtained with a total sample-size of 9987 participants. Patients with higher AMPK expression had better outcomes of 3-year overall survival (P<0.0001), 5-year overall survival (P<0.0001), 10-year overall survival (P<0.0001), 3-year disease free survival (P<0.0001), 5-year disease free survival (P=0.002) and 10-year disease free survival (P=0.0004). Moreover, the majority of subgroup results also verified the favorably prognostic significance of AMPK over-expression. The outcome stability was confirmed by sensitivity analysis. Results of Begg's (P=0.76) and Egger's test (P=0.09) suggested that there was no publication bias within the included trials. Conclusions Higher expression of AMPK significantly indicates better prognosis in human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoming Shuai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinbo Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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237
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Zhan L, Cao H, Wang G, Lyu Y, Sun X, An J, Wu Z, Huang Q, Liu B, Xing J. Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission promotes cell proliferation through crosstalk of p53 and NF-κB pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:65001-65011. [PMID: 27542250 PMCID: PMC5323133 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic and undergo constant fusion and fission that are essential for maintaining physiological functions of cells. Recently, we have reported that increased mitochondrial fission promotes autophagy and apoptosis resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell through ROS-mediated coordinated regulation of NF-κB and p53 pathways. However, little is known about the roles of mitochondrial dynamics in HCC cell proliferation, another key feature of cancer cells. In this study, we systematically investigated the functional role of mitochondrial fission in the regulation of HCC cell proliferation. Furthermore, the underlying molecular mechanisms were deeply explored. We found that, increased mitochondrial fission by forced expression of Drp1 promoted the proliferation of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo mainly by facilitating G1/S phase transition of cell cycle. Whereas, Drp1 knockdown or treatment with mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 induced significant G1 phase arrest in HCC cells and reduced tumor growth in the xenotransplantation model. We further demonstrated that the proliferation-promoting role of Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission was mediated via p53/p21 and NF-κB/cyclins pathways. Moreover, the crosstalk between p53 and NF-κB pathways was proved to be involved in the regulation of mitochondrial fission-mediated cell proliferation. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission plays a critical role in the regulation of cell cycle progression and HCC cell proliferation. Thus, targeting Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission may provide a novel strategy for suppressing tumor growth of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Haiyan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yinghua Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiacheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jiaze An
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhenbiao Wu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qichao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Bingrong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Jinliang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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238
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Berberine induces autophagy in glioblastoma by targeting the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1-pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 7:66944-66958. [PMID: 27557493 PMCID: PMC5341849 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies for patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Previous studies have shown that berberine (BBR), a natural plant alkaloid, has potent anti-tumor activity. However, the mechanisms leading to cancer cell death have not been clearly elucidated. In this study, we show that BBR has profound effects on the metabolic state of GBM cells, leading to high autophagy flux and impaired glycolytic capacity. Functionally, these alterations reduce the invasive properties, proliferative potential and induce apoptotic cell death. The molecular alterations preceding these changes are characterized by inhibition of the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway. Finally, we demonstrate that BBR significantly reduces tumor growth in vivo, demonstrating the potential clinical benefits for autophagy modulating plant alkaloids in cancer therapy.
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239
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Disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) inhibits glioblastoma development by regulating mitochondria dynamics. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85963-85974. [PMID: 27852062 PMCID: PMC5349889 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma(GBM) is one of the most common and aggressive malignant primary tumors of the central nervous system and mitochondria have been proposed to participate in GBM tumorigenesis. Previous studies have identified a potential role of Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1), a multi-compartmentalized protein, in mitochondria. But whether DISC1 could regulate GBM tumorigenesis via mitochondria is still unknown. We determined the expression level of DISC1 by both bioinformatics analysis and tissue analysis, and found that DISC1 was highly expressed in GBM. Knocking down of DISC1 by shRNA in GBM cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, down-regulation of DISC1 decreased cell migration and invasion of GBM and self renewal capacity of glioblastoma stem-like cells. Furthermore, multiple independent rings or spheres could be observed in mitochondria in GBM depleted of DISC1, while normal filamentous morphology was observed in control cells, demonstrating that DISC1 affected the mitochondrial dynamic. Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) was reported to contribute to mitochondrial dynamic regulation and influence glioma cells proliferation and invasion by RHOA/ ROCK1 pathway. Our data showed a significant decrease of Drp1 both in mRNA and protein level in GBM lack of DISC1, indicating that DISC1 maybe affect the mitochondrial dynamic by regulating Drp1. Taken together, our findings reveal that DISC1 affects glioblastoma cell development via mitochondria dynamics partly by down regulation of Drp1.
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240
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Lima AR, Santos L, Correia M, Soares P, Sobrinho-Simões M, Melo M, Máximo V. Dynamin-Related Protein 1 at the Crossroads of Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9020115. [PMID: 29466320 PMCID: PMC5852611 DOI: 10.3390/genes9020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics are known to have an important role in so-called age-related diseases, including cancer. Mitochondria is an organelle involved in many key cellular functions and responds to physiologic or stress stimuli by adapting its structure and function. Perhaps the most important structural changes involve mitochondrial dynamics (fission and fusion), which occur in normal cells as well as in cells under dysregulation, such as cancer cells. Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), a member of the dynamin family of guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), is the key component of mitochondrial fission machinery. Dynamin-related protein 1 is associated with different cell processes such as apoptosis, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, metabolism, and cell proliferation, differentiation, and transformation. The role of DRP1 in tumorigenesis may seem to be paradoxical, since mitochondrial fission is a key mediator of two very different processes, cellular apoptosis and cell mitosis. Dynamin-related protein 1 has been associated with the development of distinct human cancers, including changes in mitochondrial energetics and cellular metabolism, cell proliferation, and stem cell maintenance, invasion, and promotion of metastases. However, the underlying mechanism for this association is still being explored. Herein, we review the published knowledge on the role of DRP1 in cancer, exploring its interaction with different biological processes in the tumorigenesis context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Lima
- Medical Faculty of University of Porto-FMUP, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
| | - Liliana Santos
- Cancer Signaling & Metabolism Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences) (I3S), University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Cancer Signaling & Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
| | - Marcelo Correia
- Cancer Signaling & Metabolism Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences) (I3S), University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Cancer Signaling & Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
| | - Paula Soares
- Cancer Signaling & Metabolism Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences) (I3S), University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Cancer Signaling & Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of University of Porto (FMUP), Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- Cancer Signaling & Metabolism Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences) (I3S), University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Cancer Signaling & Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of University of Porto (FMUP), Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Melo
- Cancer Signaling & Metabolism Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences) (I3S), University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Cancer Signaling & Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (Coimbra University Hospital Centre), Coimbra 3000-075, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal.
| | - Valdemar Máximo
- Cancer Signaling & Metabolism Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences) (I3S), University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Cancer Signaling & Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of University of Porto (FMUP), Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
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241
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Tandler B, Hoppel CL, Mears JA. Morphological Pathways of Mitochondrial Division. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7020030. [PMID: 29462856 PMCID: PMC5836020 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fission is essential for distributing cellular energy throughout cells and for isolating damaged regions of the organelle that are targeted for degradation. Excessive fission is associated with the progression of cell death as well. Therefore, this multistep process is tightly regulated and several physiologic cues directly impact mitochondrial division. The double membrane structure of mitochondria complicates this process, and protein factors that drive membrane scission need to coordinate the separation of both the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. In this review, we discuss studies that characterize distinct morphological changes associated with mitochondrial division. Specifically, coordinated partitioning and pinching of mitochondria have been identified as alternative mechanisms associated with fission. Additionally, we highlight the major protein constituents that drive mitochondrial fission and the role of connections with the endoplasmic reticulum in establishing sites of membrane division. Collectively, we review decades of research that worked to define the molecular framework of mitochondrial fission. Ongoing studies will continue to sort through the complex network of interactions that drive this critical event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Tandler
- Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Charles L Hoppel
- Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Jason A Mears
- Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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242
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Wang Y, Xu H, Liu T, Huang M, Butter PP, Li C, Zhang L, Kao GD, Gong Y, Maity A, Koumenis C, Fan Y. Temporal DNA-PK activation drives genomic instability and therapy resistance in glioma stem cells. JCI Insight 2018; 3:98096. [PMID: 29415883 PMCID: PMC5821187 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.98096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) - known to be resistant to genotoxic radiation and chemotherapy - are fundamental to therapy failure and cancer relapse. Here, we reveal that glioma CSCs are hypersensitive to radiation, but a temporal DNA repair mechanism converts the intrinsic sensitivity to genomic instability and treatment resistance. Transcriptome analysis identifies DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) as a predominant DNA repair enzyme in CSCs. Notably, DNA-PK activity is suppressed after irradiation when ROS induce the dissociation of DNA-PKcs with Ku70/80, resulting in delayed DNA repair and radiosensitivity; subsequently, after ROS clearance, the accumulated DNA damage and robust activation of DNA-PK induce genomic instability, facilitated by Rad50-mediated cell-cycle arrest, leading to enhanced malignancy, CSC overgrowth, and radioresistance. Finally, we show a requisite in vivo role for DNA-PK in CSC-mediated radioresistance and glioma progression. These findings identify a time-sensitive mechanism controlling CSC resistance to DNA-damaging treatments and suggest DNA-PK/Rad50 as promising targets for CSC eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology
| | | | - Yanqing Gong
- Division of Human Genetics and Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | | | | | - Yi Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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243
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Tanwar DK, Parker DJ, Gupta P, Spurlock B, Alvarez RD, Basu MK, Mitra K. Crosstalk between the mitochondrial fission protein, Drp1, and the cell cycle is identified across various cancer types and can impact survival of epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60021-60037. [PMID: 27509055 PMCID: PMC5312366 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of tumorigenesis. Although mitochondrial function can impact cell cycle regulation it has been an understudied area in cancer research. Our study highlights a specific involvement of mitochondria in cell cycle regulation across cancer types. The mitochondrial fission process, which is regulated at the core by Drp1, impacts various cellular functions. Drp1 has been implicated in various cancer types with no common mechanism reported. Our Drp1-directed large-scale analyses of the publically available cancer genomes reveal a robust correlation of Drp1 with cell-cycle genes in 29 of the 31 cancer types examined. Hypothesis driven investigation on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) revealed that Drp1 co-expresses specifically with the cell-cycle module responsible for mitotic transition. Repression of Drp1 in EOC cells can specifically attenuate mitotic transition, establishing a potential casual role of Drp1 in mitotic transition. Interestingly, Drp1-Cell-Cycle co-expression module is specifically detected in primary epithelial ovarian tumors that robustly responded to chemotherapy, suggesting that Drp1 driven mitosis may underlie chemo-sensitivity of the primary tumors. Analyses of matched primary and relapsed EOC samples revealed a Drp1-based-gene-expression-signature that could identify patients with poor survival probabilities from their primary tumors. Our results imply that around 60% of platinum-sensitive EOC patients undergoing relapse show poor survival, potentially due to further activation of a mitochondria driven cell-cycle regime in their recurrent disease. We speculate that this patient group could possibly benefit from mitochondria directed therapies that are being currently evaluated at various levels, thus enabling targeted or personalized therapy based cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar Tanwar
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Danitra J Parker
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Brian Spurlock
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ronald D Alvarez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Malay Kumar Basu
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kasturi Mitra
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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244
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HIF-1-alpha links mitochondrial perturbation to the dynamic acquisition of breast cancer tumorigenicity. Oncotarget 2018; 7:34052-69. [PMID: 27058900 PMCID: PMC5085137 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), even in normoxia, is a common feature of solid malignancies. However, the mechanisms of increased HIF-1α abundance, and its role in regulating breast cancer plasticity are not fully understood. We have previously demonstrated that dimethyl-2-ketoglutarate (DKG), a widely used cell membrane-permeable α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) analogue, transiently stabilizes HIF-1α by inhibiting prolyl hydroxylase 2. Here, we report that breast cancer tumorigenicity can be acquired through prolonged treatment with DKG. Our results indicate that, in response to prolonged DKG treatment, mitochondrial respiration becomes uncoupled, leading to the accumulation of succinate and fumarate in breast cancer cells. Further, we found that an early increase in the oxygen flux rate was accompanied by a delayed enhancement of glycolysis. Together, our results indicate that these events trigger a dynamic enrichment for cells with pluripotent/stem-like cell markers and tumorsphere-forming capacity. Moreover, DKG-mediated metabolic reprogramming results in HIF-1α induction and reductive carboxylation pathway activation. Both HIF-1α accumulation and the tumor-promoting metabolic state are required for DKG-promoted tumor repopulation capacity in vivo. Our data suggest that mitochondrial adaptation to DKG elevates the ratio of succinate or fumarate to α-KG, which in turn stabilizes HIF-1α and reprograms breast cancer cells into a stem-like state. Therefore, our results demonstrate that metabolic regulation, with succinate and/or fumarate accumulation, governs the dynamic transition of breast cancer tumorigenic states and we suggest that HIF-1α is indispensable for breast cancer tumorigenicity.
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245
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Wang J, Huang Y, Cai J, Ke Q, Xiao J, Huang W, Li H, Qiu Y, Wang Y, Zhang B, Wu H, Zhang Y, Sui X, Bardeesi ASA, Xiang AP. A Nestin-Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5-Dynamin-Related Protein 1 Axis Regulates Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Stemness via a Metabolic Shift. Stem Cells 2018; 36:589-601. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Wang
- Program of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yinong Huang
- Program of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurology; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jianye Cai
- Program of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver transplantation Center of the Third Affiliated Hospital; Organ Transplantation Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Ke
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Xiao
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Huang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Qiu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Haoxiang Wu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Sui
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College; Xi'an Shaanxi People's Republic of China
| | - Adham Sameer A. Bardeesi
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Andy Peng Xiang
- Program of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
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Mitochondrial fission as a driver of stemness in tumor cells: mDIVI1 inhibits mitochondrial function, cell migration and cancer stem cell (CSC) signalling. Oncotarget 2018; 9:13254-13275. [PMID: 29568355 PMCID: PMC5862576 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles frequently undergoing fission and fusion events to maintain their integrity, bioenergetics and spatial distribution, which is fundamental to the processes of cell survival. Disruption in mitochondrial dynamics plays a role in cancer. Therefore, proteins involved in regulating mitochondrial dynamics are potential targets for treatment. mDIVI1 is an inhibitor of the mitochondrial fission protein DRP1, which induces i) mitochondrial oxidative stress and ii) effectively reduces mitochondrial metabolism. We show here that mDIVI1 is able to inhibit 3D tumorsphere forming capacity, cell migration and stemness-related signalling in breast cancer cells, indicating that mDIVI1 can potentially be used for the therapeutic elimination of cancer stem cells (CSCs).
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247
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Loss of Cdk5 in breast cancer cells promotes ROS-mediated cell death through dysregulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Oncogene 2018; 37:1788-1804. [PMID: 29348461 PMCID: PMC5874258 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cdk5, which plays a role in the development and progression of many human cancers, localizes in the mitochondria, a key determinant of apoptotic cell death. Cdk5 is upregulated in breast cancer cells but it was shown that Cdk5 loss increases chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanism by which Cdk5 loss promotes cell death remains unclear. Here, we investigate the possibility that Cdk5 loss activates the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in breast cancer cells. We demonstrate that Cdk5-deficient breast cancer cells exhibit increased mitochondrial depolarization, mitochondrial ROS levels, and mitochondrial fragmentation that is associated with an increase in both intracellular Ca2+ level and calcineurin activity, and DRP1 S637 dephosphorylation. These events accompany increased apoptosis, indicating that Cdk5 loss promotes mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. To define this apoptotic pathway, we utilized various inhibitors of mitochondrial function. Apoptosis is completely prevented by mPTP inhibition, almost fully inhibited by blocking ROS and unaffected by inhibition of mitochondrial fission, suggesting that apoptosis in breast cancer cells due to Cdk5 loss occurs via a novel mPTP-dependent mechanism that acts primarily through ROS increase.
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Serasinghe MN, Gelles JD, Li K, Zhao L, Abbate F, Syku M, Mohammed JN, Badal B, Rangel CA, Hoehn KL, Celebi JT, Chipuk JE. Dual suppression of inner and outer mitochondrial membrane functions augments apoptotic responses to oncogenic MAPK inhibition. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:29. [PMID: 29348439 PMCID: PMC5833689 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0044-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway inhibitors show promise in treating melanoma, but are unsuccessful in achieving long-term remission. Concordant with clinical data, BRAFV600E melanoma cells eliminate glycolysis upon inhibition of BRAFV600E or MEK with the targeted therapies Vemurafenib or Trametinib, respectively. Consequently, exposure to these therapies reprograms cellular metabolism to increase mitochondrial respiration and restrain cell death commitment. As the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) is sub-organellar site of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) is the major site of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 protein function, we hypothesized that suppressing these critical mitochondrial membrane functions would be a rational approach to maximize the pro-apoptotic effect of MAPK inhibition. Here, we demonstrate that disruption of OXPHOS with the mitochondria-specific protonophore BAM15 promotes the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis only when oncogenic MAPK signaling is inhibited. Based on RNA-sequencing analyses of nevi and primary melanoma samples, increased pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family expression positively correlates with high-risk disease suggesting a highly active anti-apoptotic BCL-2 protein repertoire likely contributes to worse outcome. Indeed, combined inhibition of the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 repertoire with BH3-mimetics, OXPHOS, and oncogenic MAPK signaling induces fulminant apoptosis and eliminates clonogenic survival. Altogether, these data suggest that dual suppression of IMM and OMM functions may unleash the normally inadequate pro-apoptotic effects of oncogenic MAPK inhibition to eradicate cancer cells, thus preventing the development of resistant disease, and ultimately, supporting long-term remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavika N Serasinghe
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jesse D Gelles
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Kent Li
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Lauren Zhao
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Franco Abbate
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Marie Syku
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jarvier N Mohammed
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Brateil Badal
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Cuahutlehuanitzin A Rangel
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Kyle L Hoehn
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Julide Tok Celebi
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jerry Edward Chipuk
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,The Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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Ježek J, Cooper KF, Strich R. Reactive Oxygen Species and Mitochondrial Dynamics: The Yin and Yang of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cancer Progression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:E13. [PMID: 29337889 PMCID: PMC5789323 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles with a highly dynamic ultrastructure maintained by a delicate equilibrium between its fission and fusion rates. Understanding the factors influencing this balance is important as perturbations to mitochondrial dynamics can result in pathological states. As a terminal site of nutrient oxidation for the cell, mitochondrial powerhouses harness energy in the form of ATP in a process driven by the electron transport chain. Contemporaneously, electrons translocated within the electron transport chain undergo spontaneous side reactions with oxygen, giving rise to superoxide and a variety of other downstream reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondrially-derived ROS can mediate redox signaling or, in excess, cause cell injury and even cell death. Recent evidence suggests that mitochondrial ultrastructure is tightly coupled to ROS generation depending on the physiological status of the cell. Yet, the mechanism by which changes in mitochondrial shape modulate mitochondrial function and redox homeostasis is less clear. Aberrant mitochondrial morphology may lead to enhanced ROS formation, which, in turn, may deteriorate mitochondrial health and further exacerbate oxidative stress in a self-perpetuating vicious cycle. Here, we review the latest findings on the intricate relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and ROS production, focusing mainly on its role in malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Ježek
- Department of Molecular Biology, Rowan University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA.
| | - Katrina F Cooper
- Department of Molecular Biology, Rowan University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA.
| | - Randy Strich
- Department of Molecular Biology, Rowan University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA.
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250
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The mitochondrial dynamics in cancer and immune-surveillance. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 47:29-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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