201
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He Y, Chen S, Xie G, Yi X, Wang J. Surface plasmon resonance detection of UV irradiation-induced DNA damage and photoenzymatic repair processes through specific interaction between consensus double-stranded DNA and p53 protein. Analyst 2023; 148:849-855. [PMID: 36648133 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01847k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage, such as DNA lesions and strand breaks, impairs normal cell functions and failure in the DNA repair process could lead to gene mutation, cell apoptosis and disease occurrence. p53 is a tumor suppressor and DNA-binding protein, and DNA damage might affect their interaction and the subsequent p53 function. Herein, real-time monitoring of DNA damage and repair processes through DNA-p53 protein interaction was performed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The target DNA with consecutive pyrimidine nucleobases was first damaged upon UVC (254 nm) irradiation and then photoenzymatically repaired under UVA (365 nm) irradiation. The as-formed double-stranded (ds) DNA between probe DNA and normal, damaged or repaired target DNA was immobilized on the sensor chips, followed by the injection of p53 protein. By measuring the SPR signals under different cases, the DNA damage and repair processes could be conveniently monitored. The SPR signals were inversely proportional to the UVC doses ranging from 0.021 to 1.26 kJ m-2, providing a viable means for the quantification of the DNA damage level. The binding affinity between p53 and the dsDNA formed upon the hybridization of probe DNA and normal, damaged, or photoenzymatically repaired target DNA was estimated. This is the first report on measuring the equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) between the p53 protein and the dsDNA with photodamaged or repaired target sequences. The sensing strategy by SPR thus opens a new avenue for real-time measurement of the DNA damage and the repair processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China.
| | - Sijia Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China.
| | - Guoyang Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China.
| | - Xinyao Yi
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China.
| | - Jianxiu Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China.
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202
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Wang P, Wang HY, Gao XJ, Zhu HX, Zhang XP, Liu F, Wang W. Encoding and Decoding of p53 Dynamics in Cellular Response to Stresses. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030490. [PMID: 36766831 PMCID: PMC9914463 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the cellular response to stresses, the tumor suppressor p53 is activated to maintain genomic integrity and fidelity. As a transcription factor, p53 exhibits rich dynamics to allow for discrimination of the type and intensity of stresses and to direct the selective activation of target genes involved in different processes including cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In this review, we focused on how stresses are encoded into p53 dynamics and how the dynamics are decoded into cellular outcomes. Theoretical modeling may provide a global view of signaling in the p53 network by coupling the encoding and decoding processes. We discussed the significance of modeling in revealing the mechanisms of the transition between p53 dynamic modes. Moreover, we shed light on the crosstalk between the p53 network and other signaling networks. This review may advance the understanding of operating principles of the p53 signaling network comprehensively and provide insights into p53 dynamics-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Hang-Yu Wang
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xing-Jie Gao
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hua-Xia Zhu
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Zhang
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Correspondence: (X.-P.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Feng Liu
- Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Correspondence: (X.-P.Z.); (W.W.)
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203
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Minnelide combined with Angptl3 knockout completely protects mice with adriamycin nephropathy via suppression of TGF-β1-Smad2 and p53 pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109656. [PMID: 36608441 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Minimal change disease (MCD) is the common type of nephrotic syndrome in children. There is an urgent need to explore new treatment methods as current treatments have many drawbacks and cause significant side effects. Our group found that Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (Angptl3) is closely related to renal disease and Angptl3 knockout significantly alleviated proteinuria in mice with adriamycin nephropathy (AN), however, some proteinuria was still present. Minnelide is a water-soluble prodrug of triptolide which has been used for the treatment of glomerular diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether minnelide, combined with Angptl3 knockout, could completely protect mice with AN and its mechanism. AN was induced in B6;129S5 female mice by tail vein injection of 25 mg/kg of Adriamycin (ADR), and treatment with 200 ug/kg/d of minnelide. The results showed that minnelide combined with Angptl3 knockout completely reduced proteinuria and restored the foot processes in mice with AN. Moreover, in Angptl3 knockout mice with AN, minnelide restored the distribution of nephrin, podocin and cd2ap and reduced inflammatory factors (Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β)). Through RNA sequencing and related experiments, we found minnelide could ameliorate fibrosis and apoptosis by inhibiting TGF-β1-Smad2 and p53 pathways in Angptl3 knockout mice with AN, respectively. In Angptl3 knockout primary podocytes, triptolide alleviates ADR-induced decreases in nephrin, podocin and cd2ap, upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2. Overall, our study shows that minnelide combined with Angptl3 knockout completely protects mice with AN by inhibiting the TGF-β1-smad2 and p53 pathways.
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204
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Abstract
Significance: Thioredoxin (Trx) is a powerful antioxidant that reduces protein disulfides to maintain redox stability in cells and is involved in regulating multiple redox-dependent signaling pathways. Recent Advance: The current accumulation of findings suggests that Trx participates in signaling pathways that interact with various proteins to manipulate their dynamic regulation of structure and function. These network pathways are critical for cancer pathogenesis and therapy. Promising clinical advances have been presented by most anticancer agents targeting such signaling pathways. Critical Issues: We herein link the signaling pathways regulated by the Trx system to potential cancer therapeutic opportunities, focusing on the coordination and strengths of the Trx signaling pathways in apoptosis, ferroptosis, immunomodulation, and drug resistance. We also provide a mechanistic network for the exploitation of therapeutic small molecules targeting the Trx signaling pathways. Future Directions: As research data accumulate, future complex networks of Trx-related signaling pathways will gain in detail. In-depth exploration and establishment of these signaling pathways, including Trx upstream and downstream regulatory proteins, will be critical to advancing novel cancer therapeutics. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 403-424.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengjia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
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205
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Abramson HN. Recent Advances in the Applications of Small Molecules in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2645. [PMID: 36768967 PMCID: PMC9917049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy for multiple myeloma (MM), a hematologic neoplasm of plasma cells, has undergone remarkable changes over the past 25 years. Small molecules (molecular weight of less than one kDa), together with newer immunotherapies that include monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and most recently, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, have combined to double the disease's five-year survival rate to over 50% during the past few decades. Despite these advances, the disease is still considered incurable, and its treatment continues to pose substantial challenges, since therapeutic refractoriness and patient relapse are exceedingly common. This review focuses on the current pipeline, along with the contemporary roles and future prospects for small molecules in MM therapy. While small molecules offer prospective benefits in terms of oral bioavailability, cellular penetration, simplicity of preparation, and improved cost-benefit considerations, they also pose problems of toxicity due to off-target effects. Highlighted in the discussion are recent developments in the applications of alkylating agents, immunomodulators, proteasome inhibitors, apoptosis inducers, kinesin spindle protein inhibitors, blockers of nuclear transport, and drugs that affect various kinases involved in intracellular signaling pathways. Molecular and cellular targets are described for each class of agents in relation to their roles as drivers of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanley N Abramson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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206
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Sadowska A, Sawicka D, Godlewska K, Guzińska-Ustymowicz K, Zapora E, Sokołowska E, Car H. Beneficial Proapoptotic Effect of Heterobasidion Annosum Extract in Colorectal Cancer Xenograft Mouse Model. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031352. [PMID: 36771018 PMCID: PMC9919637 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal extracts possess potential anticancer activity against many malignant neoplastic diseases. In this research, we focused on the evaluation of Heterobasidion annosum (HA) extract in colorectal cancer in an in vivo model. The mice with implanted DLD-1 human cancer cells were given HA extract, the referential drug-5-fluorouracil (5FU), or were treated with its combination. Thereafter, tumor volume was measured and apoptotic proteins such as caspase-8, caspase-3, p53, Bcl-2, and survivin were analyzed in mice serum with an ELISA assay. The Ki-67 protein was assessed in tumor cells by immunohistochemical examination. The biggest volumes of tumors were confirmed in the DLD-1 group, while the lowest were observed in the population treated with 5FU and/or HA extract. The assessment of apoptosis showed increased concentrations of caspase 8 and p53 protein after the combined administration of 5FU and HA extract. The levels of survivin and Bcl-2 were decreased in all tested groups compared to the DLD-1 group. Moreover, we observed a positive reaction for Ki-67 protein in all tested groups. Our findings confirm the apoptotic effect of extract given alone or with 5FU. The obtained results are innovative and provide a basis for further research concerning the antitumor activity of the HA extract, especially in the range of its interaction with an anticancer chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sadowska
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-748-5554
| | - Diana Sawicka
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Godlewska
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Haematology, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Zapora
- Department of Silviculture and Forest Use, Institute of Forest Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Emilia Sokołowska
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Halina Car
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
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207
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Genomic instability caused by Arp2/3 complex inactivation results in micronucleus biogenesis and cellular senescence. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010045. [PMID: 36706133 PMCID: PMC9907832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Arp2/3 complex is an actin nucleator with well-characterized activities in cell morphogenesis and movement, but its roles in nuclear processes are relatively understudied. We investigated how the Arp2/3 complex affects genomic integrity and cell cycle progression using mouse fibroblasts containing an inducible knockout (iKO) of the ArpC2 subunit. We show that permanent Arp2/3 complex ablation results in DNA damage, the formation of cytosolic micronuclei, and cellular senescence. Micronuclei arise in ArpC2 iKO cells due to chromatin segregation defects during mitosis and premature mitotic exits. Such phenotypes are explained by the presence of damaged DNA fragments that fail to attach to the mitotic spindle, abnormalities in actin assembly during metaphase, and asymmetric microtubule architecture during anaphase. In the nuclei of Arp2/3-depleted cells, the tumor suppressor p53 is activated and the cell cycle inhibitor Cdkn1a/p21 mediates a G1 arrest. In the cytosol, micronuclei are recognized by the DNA sensor cGAS, which is important for stimulating a STING- and IRF3-associated interferon response. These studies establish functional requirements for the mammalian Arp2/3 complex in mitotic spindle organization and genome stability. They also expand our understanding of the mechanisms leading to senescence and suggest that cytoskeletal dysfunction is an underlying factor in biological aging.
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208
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The Effect of Citrus aurantium on Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Research Based on Network and Experimental Pharmacology. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:6407588. [PMID: 36726839 PMCID: PMC9886468 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6407588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To screen the main active components of Citrus aurantium through a network pharmacology approach, construct a component-disease target network, explore its molecular mechanism for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and validate it experimentally. Methods The active ingredients in Citrus aurantium and the targets of Citrus aurantium and NSCLC were collected through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), GeneCards, and OMIM databases. The protein interaction network was constructed using the STRING database, and the component-disease relationship network graph was analyzed using Cytoscape 3.9.1. The Metascape database can be used for GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. The Kaplan-Meier plotter was applied for overall survival analysis of key targets of Citrus aurantium in the treatment of NSCLC. Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to determine the mRNA and protein levels of key targets of Citrus aurantium for the treatment of NSCLC. Results Five active ingredients of Citrus aurantium were screened, and 54 potential targets for the treatment of NSCLC were found, of which the key ingredient was nobiletin and the key targets are TP53, CXCL8, ESR1, PPAR-α, and MMP9. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that the mechanism of nobiletin in treating NSCLC may be related to the regulation of cancer signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis signaling pathway, and neurodegenerative signaling pathway. The experimental results showed that nobiletin could inhibit the proliferation of NSCLC cells and upregulate the levels of P53 and PPAR-α and suppress the expression of MMP9 (P < 0.05). Conclusion Citrus aurantium can participate in the treatment of NSCLC through multiple targets and pathways.
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209
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An Atypical, Staged Cell Death Pathway Induced by Depletion of SNARE-Proteins MUNC18-1 or Syntaxin-1. J Neurosci 2023; 43:347-358. [PMID: 36517239 PMCID: PMC9864589 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0611-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The presynaptic proteins MUNC18-1, syntaxin-1, and SNAP25 drive SNARE-mediated synaptic vesicle fusion and are also required for neuronal viability. Their absence triggers rapid, cell-autonomous, neuron-specific degeneration, unrelated to synaptic vesicle deficits. The underlying cell death pathways remain poorly understood. Here, we show that hippocampi of munc18-1 null mice (unknown sex) express apoptosis hallmarks cleaved caspase 3 (CC-3) and phosphorylated p53, and have condensed nuclei. However, side-by-side in vitro comparison with classical apoptosis induced by camptothecin uncovered striking differences to syntaxin-1 and MUNC18-1 depleted neurons. First, live-cell imaging revealed consecutive neurite retraction hours before cell death in MUNC18-1 or syntaxin-1 depleted neurons, whereas all neurites retracted at once, directly before cell death in classical apoptosis. Second, CC-3 activation was observed only after loss of all neurites and cellular breakdown, whereas CC-3 is activated before any neurite loss in classical apoptosis. Third, a pan-caspase inhibitor and a p53 inhibitor both arrested classical apoptosis, as expected, but not cell death in MUNC18-1 or syntaxin-1 depleted neurons. Neuron-specific cell death, consecutive neurite retraction, and late CC-3 activation were conserved in syntaxin-1 depleted human neurons. Finally, no indications were observed for involvement of other established cell death pathways, including necroptosis, Wallerian degeneration, autophagic cell death, and pyroptosis. Together, these data show that depletion of presynaptic proteins MUNC18-1 or syntaxin-1 triggers an atypical, staged cell death pathway characterized by consecutive neurite retraction, ultimately leading to, but not driven by, apoptosis.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neuronal cell death can occur via a multitude of pathways and plays an important role in the developing nervous system as well as neurodegenerative diseases. One poorly understood pathway to neuronal cell death takes place on depletion of presynaptic SNARE proteins syntaxin-1, SNAP25, or MUNC18-1. The current study demonstrates that MUNC18-1 or syntaxin-1 depleted neurons show a new, atypical, staged cell death that does not resemble any of the established cell death pathways in neurons. Cell death on MUNC18-1 or syntaxin-1 depletion is characterized by consecutive neurite retraction, ultimately involving, but not driven by, classical apoptosis.
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210
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Maity D. Inhibition of Amyloid Protein Aggregation Using Selected Peptidomimetics. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202200499. [PMID: 36317359 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant protein aggregation leads to the formation of amyloid fibrils. This phenomenon is linked to the development of more than 40 irremediable diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. Plenty of research efforts have been given to understanding the underlying mechanism of protein aggregation, associated toxicity, and the development of amyloid inhibitors. Recently, the peptidomimetic approach has emerged as a potential tool to modulate several protein-protein interactions (PPIs). In this review, we discussed selected peptidomimetic-based approaches for the modulation of important amyloid proteins (Islet Amyloid Polypeptide, Amyloid Beta, α-synuclein, mutant p53, and insulin) aggregation. This approach holds a powerful platform for creating an essential stepping stone for the vital development of anti-amyloid therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Maity
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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211
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Hu J, Jiang W, Zuo J, Shi D, Chen X, Yang X, Zhang W, Ma L, Liu Z, Xing Q. Structural basis of bacterial effector protein azurin targeting tumor suppressor p53 and inhibiting its ubiquitination. Commun Biol 2023; 6:59. [PMID: 36650277 PMCID: PMC9845241 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 prevents tumorigenesis by promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through transcriptional regulation. Dysfunction of p53 occurs frequently in human cancers. Thus, p53 becomes one of the most promising targets for anticancer treatment. A bacterial effector protein azurin triggers tumor suppression by stabilizing p53 and elevating its basal level. However, the structural and mechanistic basis of azurin-mediated tumor suppression remains elusive. Here we report the atomic details of azurin-mediated p53 stabilization by combining X-ray crystallography with nuclear magnetic resonance. Structural and mutagenic analysis reveals that the p28 region of azurin, which corresponds to a therapeutic peptide, significantly contributes to p53 binding. This binding stabilizes p53 by disrupting COP1-mediated p53 ubiquitination and degradation. Using the structure-based design, we obtain several affinity-enhancing mutants that enable amplifying the effect of azurin-induced apoptosis. Our findings highlight how the structure of the azurin-p53 complex can be leveraged to design azurin derivatives for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjian Hu
- grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Wenxue Jiang
- grid.34418.3a0000 0001 0727 9022State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Jiaqi Zuo
- grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Dujuan Shi
- grid.34418.3a0000 0001 0727 9022State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Xiaoqi Chen
- grid.34418.3a0000 0001 0727 9022State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Xiao Yang
- grid.34418.3a0000 0001 0727 9022State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Lixin Ma
- grid.34418.3a0000 0001 0727 9022State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Zhu Liu
- grid.34418.3a0000 0001 0727 9022State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Qiong Xing
- grid.34418.3a0000 0001 0727 9022State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430074 China
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212
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Solomon O, Alshanski I, Shitrit A, Chen YJ, Friedler A, Yitzchaik S. Using a Single Peptide to Electrochemically Sense Multiple Kinases. Biochemistry 2023; 62:351-357. [PMID: 36239671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Kinases are responsible for regulating cellular and physiological processes, and abnormal kinase activity is associated with various diseases. Therefore, kinases are being used as biomarkers for disease and developing methods for their sensing is highly important. Usually more than one kinase is involved in phosphorylating a target protein. However, kinase detection methods usually detect the activity of only one specific kinase. Here we describe an electrochemical kinase sensing tool for the selective detection of two kinases using the same target peptide. We demonstrate the sensing of kinases ERK2 and PKCδ. This is based on a single sensing element, a peptide that contains two distinct phosphorylation sites of these two kinases. Reversibility experiments with alkaline phosphatase and reaction with the electrochemically active ferrocene-labeled ATP showed that the mechanism of sensing is by detecting the enzymatic phosphorylation. Our approach can be further utilized to develop devices for the detection of multiple kinases and can be expanded to other types of enzymes involved in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ohad Solomon
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Israel Alshanski
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ariel Shitrit
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Assaf Friedler
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Shlomo Yitzchaik
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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213
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Lu S, Chen Z, Liu Z, Liu Z. Unmasking the biological function and regulatory mechanism of NOC2L: a novel inhibitor of histone acetyltransferase. J Transl Med 2023; 21:31. [PMID: 36650543 PMCID: PMC9844006 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03877-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
NOC2 like nucleolar associated transcriptional repressor (NOC2L) was recently identified as a novel inhibitor of histone acetyltransferase (INHAT). NOC2L is found to have two INHAT function domains and regulates histone acetylation in a histone deacetylases (HDAC) independent manner, which is distinct from other INHATs. In this review, we summarize the biological function of NOC2L in histone acetylation regulation, P53-mediated transcription, ribosome RNA processing, certain development events and carcinogenesis. We propose that NOC2L may be explored as a potential biomarker and a therapeutic target in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Lu
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Zhaoyu Chen
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- grid.414360.40000 0004 0605 7104Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035 China
| | - Zhentao Liu
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Medical Oncology and Radiation Sickness, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China
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Hu Y, Rosado D, Lindbäck LN, Micko J, Pedmale UV. Cryptochromes and UBP12/13 deubiquitinases antagonistically regulate DNA damage response in Arabidopsis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.15.524001. [PMID: 36712126 PMCID: PMC9882212 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.15.524001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cryptochromes (CRYs) are evolutionarily conserved blue-light receptors that evolved from bacterial photolyases that repair damaged DNA. Today, CRYs have lost their ability to repair damaged DNA; however, prior reports suggest that human CRYs can respond to DNA damage. Currently, the role of CRYs in the DNA damage response (DDR) is lacking, especially in plants. Therefore, we evaluated the role of plant CRYs in DDR along with UBP12/13 deubiquitinases, which interact with and regulate the CRY2 protein. We found that cry1cry2 was hypersensitive, while ubp12ubp13 was hyposensitive to UVC-induced DNA damage. Elevated UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and the lack of DNA repair protein RAD51 accumulation in cry1cry2 plants indicate that CRYs are required for DNA repair. On the contrary, CPD levels diminished and RAD51 protein levels elevated in plants lacking UBP12 and UBP13, indicating their role in DDR repression. Temporal transcriptomic analysis revealed that DDR-induced transcriptional responses were subdued in cry1cry2, but elevated in ubp12ubp13 compared to WT. Through transcriptional modeling of the time-course transcriptome, we found that genes quickly induced by UVC (15 min) are targets of CAMTA 1-3 transcription factors, which we found are required for DDR. This transcriptional regulation seems, however, diminished in the cry1cry2 mutant, indicating that CAMTAs are required for CRY2-mediated DDR. Furthermore, we observed enhanced CRY2-UBP13 interaction and formation of CRY2 nuclear speckles under UVC, suggesting that UVC activates CRY2 similarly to blue light. Together, our data reveal the temporal dynamics of the transcriptional events underlying UVC-induced genotoxicity and expand our knowledge of the role of CRY and UBP12/13 in DDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhao Hu
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724
| | - Daniele Rosado
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724
| | - Louise N. Lindbäck
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724
| | - Julie Micko
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724
| | - Ullas V. Pedmale
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724
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Control of protein stability by post-translational modifications. Nat Commun 2023; 14:201. [PMID: 36639369 PMCID: PMC9839724 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35795-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) can occur on specific amino acids localized within regulatory domains of target proteins, which control a protein's stability. These regions, called degrons, are often controlled by PTMs, which act as signals to expedite protein degradation (PTM-activated degrons) or to forestall degradation and stabilize a protein (PTM-inactivated degrons). We summarize current knowledge of the regulation of protein stability by various PTMs. We aim to display the variety and breadth of known mechanisms of regulation as well as highlight common themes in PTM-regulated degrons to enhance potential for identifying novel drug targets where druggable targets are currently lacking.
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Zheng Y, Wang L, Niu X, Guo Y, Zhao J, Li L, Zhao J. EOAI, a ubiquitin-specific peptidase 5 inhibitor, prevents non-small cell lung cancer progression by inducing DNA damage. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:28. [PMID: 36611139 PMCID: PMC9826599 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Targeting deubiquitinases (DUBs) has emerged as a promising avenue for anticancer drug development. However, the effect and mechanism of pan-DUB inhibitor EOAI on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains to be studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 5 (USP5) in NSCLC was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The effect of the USP5 inhibitor, EOAI, on NSCLC cell growth and cell cycle was evaluated by CCK-8 and PI staining. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. Autophagy was examined by LC3 immunofluorescence. Comet assay and γ-H2AX immunofluorescence staining were used to detect DNA damage, and Western blotting was used to detect the expression of apoptosis, cycle, autophagy and DNA damage-related proteins. In vivo experiments demonstrated the effect of EOAI on NSCLC. RESULTS We also found that USP5 was significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues in this study. In addition, we show that EOAI can cause DNA damage in NSCLC cells while modulating the transcriptional activity of P53, thereby inducing cell cycle arrest in NSCLC cells, autophagy and apoptosis. In vivo experiments have shown that EOAI can inhibit tumors and synergistically enhance the anti-tumor effect of cisplatin. CONCLUSION USP5-mediated epigenetic regulation of oncogenes promotes the occurrence of NSCLC, which provides ideas for developing potential targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zheng
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Longhao Wang
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Xiaoyu Niu
- grid.414008.90000 0004 1799 4638Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 Henan China
| | - Yongjun Guo
- grid.414008.90000 0004 1799 4638Department of Molecular Pathology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 Henan China ,Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Zhengzhou, 450008 Henan China
| | - Jiuzhou Zhao
- grid.414008.90000 0004 1799 4638Department of Molecular Pathology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 Henan China ,Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Zhengzhou, 450008 Henan China
| | - Lifeng Li
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Jie Zhao
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
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Wang Q, Chen P, Wang X, Wu Y, Xia K, Mu X, Xuan Q, Xiao J, He Y, Liu W, Song X, Sun F. piR-36249 and DHX36 together inhibit testicular cancer cells progression by upregulating OAS2. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:174-186. [PMID: 36710986 PMCID: PMC9851840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs originally reported in the reproductive system of mammals and later found to be aberrantly expressed in tumors. However, the function and mechanism of piRNAs in testicular cancer are not very clear. Methods The expression level and distribution of piR-36249 were detected by RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence staining assay. Testicular cancer cell (NT2) progression was measured by CCK8 assay, colony formation assay and wound healing assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry and western blot. RNA sequencing and dual-luciferase reporter assay were conducted to identify the potential targets of piR-36249. The relationship between piR-36249 and OAS2 or DHX36 was confirmed using overexpression assay, knockdown assay, pull-down assay and RIP assay. Results piR-36249 is significantly downregulated in testicular cancer tissues compared to tumor-adjacent tissues. Functional studies demonstrate that piR-36249 inhibits testicular cancer cell proliferation, migration and activates the cell apoptosis pathway. Mechanically, we identify that piR-36249 binds to the 3'UTR of 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 (OAS2) mRNA. OAS2 has been shown in the literature to be a tumor suppressor modulating the occurrence and development of some tumors. Here, we show that OAS2 knockdown also promotes testicular cancer cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, piR-36249 interacts with DHX36, which has been reported to promote translation. DHX36 can also bind to OAS2 mRNA, and knockdown of DHX36 increases OAS2 mRNA but downregulates its protein, indicating the enhancing effect of DHX36 on OAS2 protein expression. Conclusion All these data suggest that piR-36249, together with DHX36, functions in inhibiting the malignant phenotype of testicular cancer cells by upregulating OAS2 protein and that piR-36249 may be used as a suppressor factor to regulate the development of testicular cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Peize Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226018, China
| | - Yueming Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Kaiguo Xia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xiangyu Mu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Qiang Xuan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yaohui He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Wen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Song
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Urology & Andrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
- Corresponding author.
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Körbelin J, Klein J, Matuszcak C, Runge J, Harbaum L, Klose H, Hennigs JK. Transcription factors in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension-Current knowledge and therapeutic potential. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1036096. [PMID: 36684555 PMCID: PMC9853303 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1036096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery pressure. Mortality remains high in severe cases despite significant advances in management and pharmacotherapy. Since currently approved PAH therapies are unable to significantly reverse pathological vessel remodeling, novel disease-modifying, targeted therapeutics are needed. Pathogenetically, PAH is characterized by vessel wall cell dysfunction with consecutive remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature and the right heart. Transcription factors (TFs) regulate the process of transcribing DNA into RNA and, in the pulmonary circulation, control the response of pulmonary vascular cells to macro- and microenvironmental stimuli. Often, TFs form complex protein interaction networks with other TFs or co-factors to allow for fine-tuning of gene expression. Therefore, identification of the underlying molecular mechanisms of TF (dys-)function is essential to develop tailored modulation strategies in PAH. This current review provides a compendium-style overview of TFs and TF complexes associated with PAH pathogenesis and highlights their potential as targets for vasculoregenerative or reverse remodeling therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Körbelin
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Medicine, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,*Correspondence: Jakob Körbelin,
| | - Julius Klein
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Medicine, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Pneumology and Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Matuszcak
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Medicine, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Pneumology and Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Runge
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Medicine, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Pneumology and Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lars Harbaum
- Division of Pneumology and Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Klose
- Division of Pneumology and Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan K. Hennigs
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Medicine, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Pneumology and Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Jan K. Hennigs,
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219
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Sato A, Kraynak J, Marciscano AE, Galluzzi L. Radiation therapy: An old dog learning new tricks. Methods Cell Biol 2023; 174:xv-xxv. [PMID: 37039770 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(23)00036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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220
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Sato A, Kraynak J, Marciscano AE, Galluzzi L. Radiation therapy: An old dog learning new tricks. Methods Cell Biol 2023; 180:xv-xxv. [PMID: 37890936 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(23)00166-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ai Sato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jeffrey Kraynak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ariel E Marciscano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
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221
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Yang L, Zhang YM, Guo MN, Zhang H, Zhu XY, Xu C, Liu YJ. Matrine Attenuates Lung Injury by Modulating Macrophage Polarization and Suppressing Apoptosis. J Surg Res 2023; 281:264-274. [PMID: 36219938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persistent lung inflammation is a characteristic of sepsis-induced lung injury. Matrine, the active ingredient from Sophora flavescens, has exhibited anti-inflammatory activities. This study investigated the effects of prophylactic administration of matrine on macrophage polarization, apoptosis, and tissue injury in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced murine lung injury model. METHODS Mice were randomly allocated into four groups: Sham, CLP, Sham + Matrine, and CLP + Matrine. Lung tissues were collected at 24 h post-CLP. Histopathology and immunofluorescence analysis were performed to evaluate lung injury and macrophage infiltration in the lung, respectively. Caspase-3 activities, TUNEL staining, and anti-apoptotic proteins were examined to assess apoptosis. To determine the mechanism of action of matrine, protein levels of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), p53 and the messenger RNA levels of p53-mediated proapoptotic genes were examined to elucidate the associated signaling pathways. RESULTS Histopathological evaluation showed that matrine prophylaxis attenuated sepsis-induced lung injury. Matrine prophylaxis attenuated sepsis-induced infiltration of the total population of macrophages in the lung. Matrine inhibited M1 macrophage infiltration, but increased M2 macrophage infiltration, thus resulting in a decrease in the proportion of M1 to M2 macrophages in septic lung. Sepsis-induced lung injury was associated with apoptotic cell death as evidenced by increases in caspase-3 activity, TUNEL-positive cells, and decreases in antiapoptotic proteins, all of which were reversed by matrine prophylaxis. Matrine restored sepsis-induced downregulation of SIRT1 and deacetylation of NF-κB p65 subunit and p53, thus inactivating NF-κB pathway and suppressing p53-induced proapoptotic pathway in septic lung. CONCLUSIONS In summary, this study demonstrated that matrine exhibited pro-M2 macrophage polarization and antiapoptotic effects in sepsis-induced lung injury, which might be, at least partly, due to the modulation of SIRT1/NF-κB and SIRT1/p53 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- School of Kinesiology, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China; Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Min Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Nan Guo
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Xu
- School of Kinesiology, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yu-Jian Liu
- School of Kinesiology, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
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The repression of oncoprotein SET by the tumor suppressor p53 reveals a p53-SET-PP2A feedback loop for cancer therapy. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:81-93. [PMID: 35881220 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2123-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The oncoprotein SET is frequently overexpressed in many types of tumors and contributes to malignant initiation and progression through multiple mechanisms, including the hijacking of the tumor suppressors p53 and PP2A. Targeting aberrant SET represents a promising strategy for cancer intervention. However, the mechanism by which endogenous SET is regulated in cancer cells remains largely unknown. Here, we identified the tumor suppressor p53 as a key regulator that transcriptionally repressed the expression of SET in both normal and cancer cells. In addition, p53 stimulated PP2A phosphatase activity via p53-mediated transcriptional repression of SET, whereby SET-mediated inhibition of PP2A was alleviated. Moreover, targeting the interaction between SET and PP2A catalytic subunit (PP2Ac) with FTY720 enhanced stress-induced p53 activation via PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of p53 on threonine 55 (Thr55). Therefore, our findings uncovered a previously unknown p53-SET-PP2A regulatory feedback loop. To functionally potentiate this feedback loop, we designed a combined therapeutic strategy by simultaneously administrating a p53 activator and SET antagonist in cancer cells and observed a dramatic synergistic effect on tumor suppression. Our study reveals mechanistic insight into the regulation of the oncoprotein SET and raises a potential strategy for cancer therapy by stimulating the p53-SET-PP2A feedback loop.
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Li K, Huang G, Wang Z, Yang R, Zhang W, Ni B, Guan J, Yi G, Li Z, Zhu Q, Peng Q, Yang L, Qi L, Liu Y. IKBIP, a novel glioblastoma biomarker, maintains abnormal proliferation of tumor cells by inhibiting the ubiquitination and degradation of CDK4. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166571. [PMID: 36244542 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sustained proliferative signaling is a crucial hallmark and therapeutic target in glioblastoma (GBM); however, new intrinsic regulators and their underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this study, I kappa B kinase interacting protein (IKBIP) was identified to be correlated with the progression of GBM by analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. TCGA database analysis indicated that higher IKBIP expression was associated with high tumor grade and poor prognosis in GBM patients, and these correlations were subsequently validated in clinical samples. IKBIP knockdown induced G1/S arrest by blocking the Cyclin D1/CDK4/CDK6/CDK2 pathway. Our results showed that IKBIP may bind directly to CDK4, a key cell cycle checkpoint protein, and prevent its ubiquitination-mediated degradation in GBM cells. An in vivo study confirmed that IKBIP knockdown strongly suppressed cell proliferation and tumor growth and prolonged survival in a mouse xenograft model established with human GBM cells. In conclusion, IKBIP functions as a novel driver of GBM by binding and stabilizing the CDK4 protein. IKBIP could be a potential therapeutic target in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaishu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Institute of digestive disease of Guangzhou Medical University, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, China
| | - Guanglong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Medical Research Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde 528300, China
| | - Runwei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wanghao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bowen Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery & Medical Research Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde 528300, China
| | - Jingyu Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, China
| | - Guozhong Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qihui Zhu
- Institute of digestive disease of Guangzhou Medical University, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, China
| | - Qian Peng
- Institute of digestive disease of Guangzhou Medical University, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, China
| | - Lunhao Yang
- Institute of digestive disease of Guangzhou Medical University, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, China
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, China; Institute of digestive disease of Guangzhou Medical University, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, China.
| | - Yawei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Medical Research Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde 528300, China.
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Wang L, Li D, Su X, Zhao Y, Huang A, Li H, Li J, Xia W, Jia T, Zhang H, Dong J, Liu X, Shao N. AGO4 suppresses tumor growth by modulating autophagy and apoptosis via enhancing TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination of GRP78 in a p53-independent manner. Oncogene 2023; 42:62-77. [PMID: 36371565 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Argonaute proteins, which consist of AGO1, AGO2, AGO3 and AGO4, are key players in microRNA-mediated gene silencing. So far, few non-microRNA related biological roles of AGO4 have been reported. Here, we first found that AGO4 had low expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient tumor tissues and could suppress NSCLC cell proliferation and metastasis. Subsequent studies on the mechanism showed that AGO4 could interact with the tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21) and the glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78). AGO4 promoted ubiquitination of GRP78 by stabilizing TRIM21, a new specific ubiquitin E3 ligase for promoting K48-linked polyubiquitination of GRP78 confirmed in this paper, which resulted in induced cell apoptosis and inhibited autophagy by activating mTOR signal pathway. Further studies showed that p53 had dominant effects on TRIM21-GRP78 axis by directly increasing the expression of TRIM21 in p53 wild-type cells and AGO4 may alternatively regulate TRIM21-GRP78 axis in p53-deficient cells. We also found that overexpression of AGO4 results in suppression of multiple p53-deficient cell growth both in vivo and vitro. Together, we showed for the first time that the AGO4-TRIM21-GRP78 axis, as a new regulatory pathway, may be a novel potential therapeutic target for p53-deficient tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Da Li
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.,Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xueting Su
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.,Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yuechao Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Aixue Huang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jie Li
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Tianqi Jia
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hongwen Zhang
- Interventional Ward, Dongfang Hospital, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Ningsheng Shao
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
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225
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Liu S, Liu T, Jiang J, Guo H, Yang R. p53 mutation and deletion contribute to tumor immune evasion. Front Genet 2023; 14:1088455. [PMID: 36891151 PMCID: PMC9986462 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1088455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
TP53 (or p53) is widely accepted to be a tumor suppressor. Upon various cellular stresses, p53 mediates cell cycle arrest and apoptosis to maintain genomic stability. p53 is also discovered to suppress tumor growth through regulating metabolism and ferroptosis. However, p53 is always lost or mutated in human and the loss or mutation of p53 is related to a high risk of tumors. Although the link between p53 and cancer has been well established, how the different p53 status of tumor cells help themselves evade immune response remains largely elusive. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of different status of p53 and tumor immune evasion can help optimize the currently used therapies. In this context, we discussed the how the antigen presentation and tumor antigen expression mode altered and described how the tumor cells shape a suppressive tumor immune microenvironment to facilitate its proliferation and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Liu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyao Liu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxuan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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226
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The c-MYC-WDR43 signalling axis promotes chemoresistance and tumour growth in colorectal cancer by inhibiting p53 activity. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 66:100909. [PMID: 36525936 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin chemoresistance is a major challenge in the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), which is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. In this study, we identified the tryptophan-aspartate repeat domain 43 (WDR43) as a potentially critical oncogenic factor in CRC pathogenesis through bioinformatics analysis. It was found that WDR43 is highly expressed in CRC tissues, and WDR43 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis of CRC patients. WDR43 knockdown significantly inhibits cell growth by arresting cell cycle and enhancing the effect of oxaliplatin chemotherapy both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, upon oxaliplatin stimulation, c-MYC promotes the transcriptional regulation and expression of WDR43. WDR43 enhances the ubiquitination of p53 by MDM2 through binding to RPL11, thereby reducing the stability of the p53 protein, which induces proliferation and chemoresistance of CRC cells. Thus, the overexpression of WDR43 promotes CRC progression, and could be a potential therapeutic target of chemoresistance in CRC.
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227
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Kossinna P, Cai W, Lu X, Shemanko CS, Zhang Q. Stabilized COre gene and Pathway Election uncovers pan-cancer shared pathways and a cancer-specific driver. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo2846. [PMID: 36542714 PMCID: PMC9770999 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo2846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Approaches systematically characterizing interactions via transcriptomic data usually follow two systems: (i) coexpression network analyses focusing on correlations between genes and (ii) linear regressions (usually regularized) to select multiple genes jointly. Both suffer from the problem of stability: A slight change of parameterization or dataset could lead to marked alterations of outcomes. Here, we propose Stabilized COre gene and Pathway Election (SCOPE), a tool integrating bootstrapped least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and coexpression analysis, leading to robust outcomes insensitive to variations in data. By applying SCOPE to six cancer expression datasets (BRCA, COAD, KIRC, LUAD, PRAD, and THCA) in The Cancer Genome Atlas, we identified core genes capturing interaction effects in crucial pan-cancer pathways related to genome instability and DNA damage response. Moreover, we highlighted the pivotal role of CD63 as an oncogenic driver and a potential therapeutic target in kidney cancer. SCOPE enables stabilized investigations toward complex interactions using transcriptome data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pathum Kossinna
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Weijia Cai
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Xuewen Lu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Carrie S. Shemanko
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Qingrun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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228
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Bharti V, Watkins R, Kumar A, Shattuck-Brandt RL, Mossing A, Mittra A, Shen C, Tsung A, Davies AE, Hanel W, Reneau JC, Chung C, Sizemore GM, Richmond A, Weiss VL, Vilgelm AE. BCL-xL inhibition potentiates cancer therapies by redirecting the outcome of p53 activation from senescence to apoptosis. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111826. [PMID: 36543138 PMCID: PMC10030045 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapies trigger diverse cellular responses, ranging from apoptotic death to acquisition of persistent therapy-refractory states such as senescence. Tipping the balance toward apoptosis could improve treatment outcomes regardless of therapeutic agent or malignancy. We find that inhibition of the mitochondrial protein BCL-xL increases the propensity of cancer cells to die after treatment with a broad array of oncology drugs, including mitotic inhibitors and chemotherapy. Functional precision oncology and omics analyses suggest that BCL-xL inhibition redirects the outcome of p53 transcriptional response from senescence to apoptosis, which likely occurs via caspase-dependent down-modulation of p21 and downstream cytostatic proteins. Consequently, addition of a BCL-2/xL inhibitor strongly improves melanoma response to the senescence-inducing drug targeting mitotic kinase Aurora kinase A (AURKA) in mice and patient-derived organoids. This study shows a crosstalk between the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and cell cycle regulation that can be targeted to augment therapeutic efficacy in cancers with wild-type p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Bharti
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, 460 W. 12th Avenue, Office 496, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Reese Watkins
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, 460 W. 12th Avenue, Office 496, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amrendra Kumar
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, 460 W. 12th Avenue, Office 496, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rebecca L Shattuck-Brandt
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alexis Mossing
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Arjun Mittra
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA; Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chengli Shen
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Alexander E Davies
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Walter Hanel
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John C Reneau
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Catherine Chung
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, 460 W. 12th Avenue, Office 496, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gina M Sizemore
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ann Richmond
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Vivian L Weiss
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Anna E Vilgelm
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, 460 W. 12th Avenue, Office 496, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA.
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229
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Vladejić J, Yang F, Dvořák Tomaštíková E, Doležel J, Palecek JJ, Pecinka A. Analysis of BRCT5 domain-containing proteins reveals a new component of DNA damage repair in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1023358. [PMID: 36578335 PMCID: PMC9791218 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1023358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The integrity of plant genetic information is constantly challenged by various internal and external factors. Therefore, plants use a sophisticated molecular network to identify, signal and repair damaged DNA. Here, we report on the identification and analysis of four uncharacterized Arabidopsis BRCT5 DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEINs (BCPs). Proteins with the BRCT5 domain are frequently involved in the maintenance of genome stability across eukaryotes. The screening for sensitivity to induced DNA damage identified BCP1 as the most interesting candidate. We show that BCP1 loss of function mutants are hypersensitive to various types of DNA damage and accumulate an increased number of dead cells in root apical meristems upon DNA damage. Analysis of publicly available sog1 transcriptomic and SOG1 genome-wide DNA binding data revealed that BCP1 is inducible by gamma radiation and is a direct target of this key DNA damage signaling transcription factor. Importantly, bcp1 plants showed a reduced frequency of somatic homologous recombination in response to both endogenous and induced DNA damage. Altogether, we identified a novel plant-specific DNA repair factor that acts downstream of SOG1 in homology-based repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovanka Vladejić
- Institute of Experimental Botany (IEB), Czech Acad Sci, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research (CRH), Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Fen Yang
- Institute of Experimental Botany (IEB), Czech Acad Sci, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research (CRH), Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Eva Dvořák Tomaštíková
- Institute of Experimental Botany (IEB), Czech Acad Sci, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research (CRH), Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Institute of Experimental Botany (IEB), Czech Acad Sci, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research (CRH), Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jan J. Palecek
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research (NCBR), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ales Pecinka
- Institute of Experimental Botany (IEB), Czech Acad Sci, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research (CRH), Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
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230
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TP53 Co-Mutation Status Association with Clinical Outcomes in Patients with EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246127. [PMID: 36551611 PMCID: PMC9776757 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53 co-mutations have shown association with poor prognosis in various solid tumors. For EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC), conflicting results exist regarding its impact on survival. Clinical outcomes and genomic data were obtained retrospectively from the real-world (rw) de-identified clinicogenomic database. Patients who initiated therapy for EGFR-mutated aNSCLC between January 2014 and December 2020 were identified. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by TP53-mutational status. In 356 eligible EGFR-mutated aNSCLC patients (median age 68 years), 210 (59.0%) had TP53 co-mutation and 146 (41.0%) had TP53 wild-type tumor. Unadjusted analysis showed significantly shorter survival in patients with TP53 co-mutation versus TP53 wild-type (rw progression-free survival [rwPFS]: HR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.9, p = 0.0196; overall survival [OS]: HR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.2, p = 0.0088). Multivariable analysis confirmed independent association between TP53 co-mutation and worse rwPFS (HR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-0.9, p = 0.0280) and OS (HR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-2.0, p = 0.0345). Directionally consistent findings were observed for response rates, and subgroups by EGFR-activating mutation and first-line (1 L) therapy, with more pronounced negative effect in 1 L EGFR-TKI subgroup. TP53 co-mutations negatively affected survival in patients with EGFR-mutated aNSCLC receiving standard 1 L therapy in real-world practice.
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231
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Lemaitre F, Chakrama F, O’Grady T, Peulen O, Rademaker G, Deward A, Chabot B, Piette J, Colige A, Lambert C, Dequiedt F, Habraken Y. The transcription factor c-Jun inhibits RBM39 to reprogram pre-mRNA splicing during genotoxic stress. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:12768-12789. [PMID: 36477312 PMCID: PMC9825188 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genotoxic agents, that are used in cancer therapy, elicit the reprogramming of the transcriptome of cancer cells. These changes reflect the cellular response to stress and underlie some of the mechanisms leading to drug resistance. Here, we profiled genome-wide changes in pre-mRNA splicing induced by cisplatin in breast cancer cells. Among the set of cisplatin-induced alternative splicing events we focused on COASY, a gene encoding a mitochondrial enzyme involved in coenzyme A biosynthesis. Treatment with cisplatin induces the production of a short isoform of COASY lacking exons 4 and 5, whose depletion impedes mitochondrial function and decreases sensitivity to cisplatin. We identified RBM39 as a major effector of the cisplatin-induced effect on COASY splicing. RBM39 also controls a genome-wide set of alternative splicing events partially overlapping with the cisplatin-mediated ones. Unexpectedly, inactivation of RBM39 in response to cisplatin involves its interaction with the AP-1 family transcription factor c-Jun that prevents RBM39 binding to pre-mRNA. Our findings therefore uncover a novel cisplatin-induced interaction between a splicing regulator and a transcription factor that has a global impact on alternative splicing and contributes to drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tina O’Grady
- Laboratory of Gene Expression and Cancer, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, B34, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Olivier Peulen
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, B23, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Gilles Rademaker
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, B23, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Adeline Deward
- Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, B34, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Benoit Chabot
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Jacques Piette
- Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, B34, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Alain Colige
- Laboratory of Connective Tissues Biology, GIGA-Cancer, B23, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Charles Lambert
- Laboratory of Connective Tissues Biology, GIGA-Cancer, B23, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Franck Dequiedt
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Franck Dequiedt. Tel: +32 366 9028;
| | - Yvette Habraken
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +32 4 366 2447; Fax: +32 4 366 4198;
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232
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Pan T, Wang S, Feng H, Xu J, Zhang M, Yao Y, Xu K, Niu M. Preclinical evaluation of the ROCK1 inhibitor, GSK269962A, in acute myeloid leukemia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1064470. [PMID: 36561342 PMCID: PMC9763303 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1064470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy with high mortality that urgently requires new treatments. ROCK1 plays an essential role in regulating growth and survival in AML cells. In this study, we evaluated GSK269962A, a selective ROCK1 inhibitor, in preclinical models of AML. Compared with solid tumors, GSK269962A selectively inhibited cell growth and clonogenicity of AML cells. Furthermore, GSK269962A arrested AML cells in the G2 phase and induced apoptosis by regulating multiple cell cycle- and apoptosis-associated proteins. Strikingly, GSK269962A could eliminate leukemia cells from bone marrow, liver, and spleen in an animal model of AML and significantly prolong mouse survival. Mechanistically, GSK269962A could inhibit the growth of AML by blocking ROCK1/c-Raf/ERK signaling pathway. Notably, a correlation was found between the expression levels of ROCK1 protein and the sensitivity of GSK269962A in AML. These data highlight the potential role of ROCK1 as an attractive target for treating AML, as well as the potential of GSK269962A for use in clinical trials of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Pan
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Feng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiawen Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Kailin Xu, ; Mingshan Niu,
| | - Mingshan Niu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Kailin Xu, ; Mingshan Niu,
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233
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Uhlemeyer C, Müller N, Rieck M, Kuboth J, Schlegel C, Grieß K, Dorweiler TF, Heiduschka S, Eckel J, Roden M, Lammert E, Stoffel M, Belgardt BF. Selective ablation of P53 in pancreatic beta cells fails to ameliorate glucose metabolism in genetic, dietary and pharmacological models of diabetes mellitus. Mol Metab 2022; 67:101650. [PMID: 36470401 PMCID: PMC9791454 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Beta cell dysfunction and death are critical steps in the development of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T1D and T2D), but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Activation of the essential tumor suppressor and transcription factor P53 (also known as TP53 and Trp53 in mice) was linked to beta cell death in vitro and has been reported in several diabetes mouse models and beta cells of humans with T2D. In this article, we set out to determine the beta cell specific role of P53 in beta cell dysfunction, cell death and development of diabetes in vivo. METHODS We generated beta cell specific P53 knockout (P53BKO) mice and used complementary genetic, dietary and pharmacological models of glucose intolerance, beta cell dysfunction and diabetes development to evaluate the functional role of P53 selectively in beta cells. We further analyzed the effect of P53 ablation on beta cell survival in isolated pancreatic islets exposed to diabetogenic stress inducers ex vivo by flow cytometry. RESULTS Beta cell specific ablation of P53/Trp53 failed to ameliorate glucose tolerance, insulin secretion or to increase beta cell numbers in genetic, dietary and pharmacological models of diabetes. Additionally, loss of P53 in beta cells did not protect against streptozotocin (STZ) induced hyperglycemia and beta cell death, although STZ-induced activation of classical pro-apoptotic P53 target genes was significantly reduced in P53BKO mice. In contrast, Olaparib mediated PARP1 inhibition protected against acute ex vivo STZ-induced beta cell death and islet destruction. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that ablation of P53 specifically in beta cells is unexpectedly unable to attenuate beta cell failure and death in vivo and ex vivo. While during development and progression of diabetes, P53 and P53-regulated pathways are activated, our study suggests that P53 signaling is not essential for loss of beta cells or beta cell dysfunction. P53 in other cell types and organs may predominantly regulate systemic glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Uhlemeyer
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Nadine Müller
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Rieck
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Kuboth
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Caroline Schlegel
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Grieß
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tim Florian Dorweiler
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sonja Heiduschka
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eckel
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany,Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany,Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes, Düsseldorf, Germany,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eckhard Lammert
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany,Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus Stoffel
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences (IMHS), ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Competence Center Personalized Medicine, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Medical Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bengt-Frederik Belgardt
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany.
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234
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Bayazid AB, Lim BO. Quercetin Is An Active Agent in Berries against Neurodegenerative Diseases Progression through Modulation of Nrf2/HO1. Nutrients 2022; 14:5132. [PMID: 36501161 PMCID: PMC9737775 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Berries are well-known fruits for their antioxidant effects due to their high content of flavonoids, and quercetin is one of the potent bioactive flavonoids. Although oxidative stress is an inevitable outcome in cells due to energy uptake and metabolism and other factors, excessive oxidative stress is considered a pivotal mediator for the cell death and leads to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Furthermore, oxidative stress triggers inflammation that leads to neuronal cell loss. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and so on are the main neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, AD and PD are the most affected NDDs and cause the most lethality without any effective cure. Since AD and PD are the most common NDDs, therefore, in this study, we will describe the effect of oxidative stress on AD and PD. Targeting oxidative stress could be a very effective way to prevent and cure NDDs. Thus, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO1) are potent endogenous antioxidant modulatory pathways, which also show cytoprotective activities. Modulation of Nrf2/HO1 signaling pathways through a biological approach could be an effective way to treat with NDDs. Quercetin is a natural polyphenol, which protects neurodegeneration, remarkably by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation. Thus, quercetin could be a very effective agent against NDDs. We will discuss the benefits and challenges of quercetin to treat against NDDs, focusing on molecular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Borhan Bayazid
- Medicinal Biosciences, Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Beong Ou Lim
- Medicinal Biosciences, Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
- Human Bioscience Corporate R&D Center, Human Bioscience Corp. 268 Chungwondaero, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
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235
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Ervin EH, French R, Chang CH, Pauklin S. Inside the stemness engine: Mechanistic links between deregulated transcription factors and stemness in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 87:48-83. [PMID: 36347438 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cell identity is largely determined by its transcriptional profile. In tumour, deregulation of transcription factor expression and/or activity enables cancer cell to acquire a stem-like state characterised by capacity to self-renew, differentiate and form tumours in vivo. These stem-like cancer cells are highly metastatic and therapy resistant, thus warranting a more complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms downstream of the transcription factors that mediate the establishment of stemness state. Here, we review recent research findings that provide a mechanistic link between the commonly deregulated transcription factors and stemness in cancer. In particular, we describe the role of master transcription factors (SOX, OCT4, NANOG, KLF, BRACHYURY, SALL, HOX, FOX and RUNX), signalling-regulated transcription factors (SMAD, β-catenin, YAP, TAZ, AP-1, NOTCH, STAT, GLI, ETS and NF-κB) and unclassified transcription factors (c-MYC, HIF, EMT transcription factors and P53) across diverse tumour types, thereby yielding a comprehensive overview identifying shared downstream targets, highlighting unique mechanisms and discussing complexities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle-Helene Ervin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Rhiannon French
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Chao-Hui Chang
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Siim Pauklin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
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236
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Li F, Li S, Wang X, Liu C, Li X, Li Y, Liu Y. To investigate the prognostic factors of stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ gastric cancer based on P53 mutation and tumor budding. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 240:154195. [PMID: 36356333 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND P53 is a tumor suppressor and genome guardian factor, and tumor budding is a key link in tumor metastasis. The purpose of this study was to investigate P53 mutation and tumor budding in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ gastric cancer, to explore the correlation with clinicopathological features, and to reveal the independent prognostic factors of gastric cancer. METHODS The data of 588 patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ gastric cancer who underwent radical surgical resection from April 2015 to December 2016 in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University were retrospectively analyzed and followed up. Immunohistochemistry Envision method was used to conduct P53 staining for paraffin-embedded gastric cancer tissues, and ITBCC recommended tumor budding evaluation method was used to count tumor budding in gastric cancer tissues. The factors affecting the prognosis of gastric cancer were analyzed. RESULTS There were 209 cases (35.54%) of P53 wild-type and 379 cases (64.46 %) of P53 mutant in 588 patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ gastric cancer. P53 mutation rate were closely correlated with Lauren classification (χ2 =8.152, p = 0.017), degree of differentiation (χ2 =10.495, p = 0.004), number of lymph node metastasis (χ2 =25.550, p < 0.001), and clinical stage (χ2 =7.617, p = 0.016). Tumor budding were closely correlated with Lauren classification (χ2 =194.533, p < 0.001), degree of tissue differentiation (χ2 =22.719, p < 0.001), depth of tumor invasion (χ2 =19.204, p = 0.004), number of lymph node metastasis (χ2 =22.555, p = 0.001), clinical stage (χ2 =10.769, p = 0.005), and vascular tumors bolt (χ2 =12.478, p = 0.002). The higher the tumor budding grade was, the higher the P53 mutation rate was (χ2 =12.933, p = 0.002). Lauren classification (p < 0.001), degree of tissue differentiation (p = 0.005), vascular tumors bolt (p < 0.001) and P53 mutation (p = 0.006) were independent influencing factors for 5-year survival of patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ gastric cancer. CONCLUSION P53 mutation status is an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer patients and a promising cancer treatment target. Tumor budding is a very reliable independent prognostic parameter with important clinical value and should be routinely reported as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shi Li
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinran Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- Department of Scientific Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yueping Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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UV-induced senescence of human dermal fibroblasts restrained by low-stiffness matrix by inhibiting NF-κB activation. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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238
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Li J, Zhao B, Chen S, Wang Z, Shi K, Lei B, Cao C, Ke Z, Wang R. Downhill running induced DNA damage enhances mitochondrial membrane permeability by facilitating ER-mitochondria signaling. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2022; 43:185-193. [PMID: 36350502 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-022-09634-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To observe whether downhill running can lead to DNA damage in skeletal muscle cells and changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability and to explore whether the DNA damage caused by downhill running can lead to changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability by regulating the components of the endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrial coupling structure (MAM). A total of 48 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (C, n = 8) and a motor group (E, n = 40). Rats in Group E were further divided into 0 h (E0), 12 h (E12), 24 h (E24), 48 h (E48) and 72 h (E72) after prescribed exercise, with 8 rats in each group. At each time point, flounder muscle was collected under general anaesthesia. The DNA oxidative damage marker 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was detected by immunofluorescence. The expression levels of the DNA damage-related protein p53 in the nucleus and the EI24 protein and reep1 protein in whole cells were detected by Western blot. The colocalization coefficients of the endoplasmic reticulum protein EI24 and the mitochondrial protein Vdac2 were determined by immunofluorescence double staining, and the concentration of Ca2+ in skeletal muscle mitochondria was detected by a fluorescent probe. Finally, the opening of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (mPTP) was detected by immunofluorescence. Twelve hours after downhill running, the mitochondrial membrane permeability of the mPTP opened the most (P < 0.05), the content of 8-OHdG in skeletal muscle peaked (P < 0.05), and the levels of the regulatory protein p53, mitochondrial Ca2+, and the EI24 and reep1 proteins peaked (P < 0.01). Moreover, the colocalization coefficients of EI24 and Vdac2 and the Mandes coefficients of the two proteins increased first and then recovered 72 h after exercise (P < 0.05). (1) Downhill running can lead to DNA damage in skeletal muscle cells, overload of mitochondrial Ca2+ and large opening of membrane permeability transformation pores. (2) The DNA damage caused by downhill running may result in p53 promoting the transcriptional activation of reep1 and EI24, enhancing the interaction between EI24 and Vdac2, and then leading to an increase in Ca2+ in skeletal muscle mitochondria and the opening of membrane permeability transition pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Li
- School of Human Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Sports and Physical Health of Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Sport University, Room 314, Teaching Laboratory Building, No. 48, Xinxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
| | - Binting Zhao
- School of Human Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengju Chen
- School of Human Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.,Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Human Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Shi
- School of Human Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Binkai Lei
- School of Human Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxia Cao
- School of Human Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifei Ke
- School of Human Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyuan Wang
- School of Human Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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239
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Tang S, Ling Z, Jiang J, Gu X, Leng Y, Wei C, Cheng H, Li X. Integrating the tumor-suppressive activity of Maspin with p53 in retuning the epithelial homeostasis: A working hypothesis and applicable prospects. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1037794. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1037794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial malignant transformation and tumorous development were believed to be closely associated with the loss of its microenvironment integrity and homeostasis. The tumor-suppressive molecules Maspin and p53 were demonstrated to play a crucial role in body epithelial and immune homeostasis. Downregulation of Maspin and mutation of p53 were frequently associated with malignant transformation and poor prognosis in various human cancers. In this review, we focused on summarizing the progress of the molecular network of Maspin in studying epithelial tumorous development and its response to clinic treatment and try to clarify the underlying antitumor mechanism. Notably, Maspin expression was reported to be transcriptionally activated by p53, and the transcriptional activity of p53 was demonstrated to be enhanced by its acetylation through inhibition of HDAC1. As an endogenous inhibitor of HDAC1, Maspin possibly potentiates the transcriptional activity of p53 by acetylating the p53 protein. Hereby, it could form a “self-propelling” antitumor mechanism. Thus, we summarized that, upon stimulation of cellular stress and by integrating with p53, the aroused Maspin played the epigenetic surveillant role to prevent the epithelial digressional process and retune the epithelial homeostasis, which is involved in activating host immune surveillance, regulating the inflammatory factors, and fine-tuning its associated cell signaling pathways. Consequentially, in a normal physiological condition, activation of the above “self-propelling” antitumor mechanism of Maspin and p53 could reduce cellular stress (e.g., chronic infection/inflammation, oxidative stress, transformation) effectively and achieve cancer prevention. Meanwhile, designing a strategy of mimicking Maspin’s epigenetic regulation activity with integrating p53 tumor-suppressive activity could enhance the chemotherapy efficacy theoretically in a pathological condition of cancer.
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240
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Wang L, Tan X, Chen L, Xu S, Huang W, Chen N, Wu Y, Wang C, Zhou D, Li M. Sall4 Guides p53-Mediated Enhancer Interference upon DNA Damage in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2022; 40:1008-1019. [PMID: 35977539 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
p53 plays a pivotal role in maintaining the genomic stability of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) through transcriptionally activating and repressing target genes. However, how p53 recognizes its repressed targets remains largely unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that Sall4 negatively regulates DNA damage induced apoptosis (DIA) of mESCs through mediating p53 recruitment to enhancers of ESC-associated genes repressed by p53 from promoters of p53-activated genes. Upon DNA damage, Sall4 is transcriptionally repressed by p53 and plays an anti-apoptotic role without altering p53 activation. Moreover, Sall4 is identified as a novel p53-interacting partner. Consistently, Sall4 exerts its anti-apoptotic function in a p53-dependent manner. Intriguingly, Sall4 depletion not only promotes the transcriptional activation of several p53-regulated pro-apoptotic genes but also compromises p53-mediated repression of ESC master transcription factors in response to DNA damage. Mechanistically, Sall4 balances p53-binding affinity between p53-activated and -repressed genes through tethering p53 to ESC enhancers. In light of our study, Sall4 may contribute to tumorigenesis by antagonizing p53-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Tan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sisi Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhou Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Daqiang Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mangmang Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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241
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Büyük B, Aydeğer C, Öztopuz Ö, Ovalı MA, Makav M, Eroğlu HA. Effects of Ozone Therapy on Chronic Arsenic Poisoning in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022:10.1007/s12011-022-03486-y. [PMID: 36437433 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03486-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid that affects many organs through drinking water. This study aims to examine the efficacy of ozone therapy on chronic arsenic toxicity. Twenty-four male Wistar albino rats were housed in individual cages and grouped as control, As, O3, and As + O3. As was applied by adding 5 mg/kg/day in drinking water for 60 days. Ozone therapy was applied at 0.5 mg/kg/day (i.p.) O3 in the last 5 days of the experimental period. Tissues were harvested and analyzed for histopathological injury and apoptotic markers. There was no significant difference between the As + O3 and O3 groups (p = 0.186 and p = 0.599) for light microscopic criteria: inflammatory cell infiltration and hydropic degeneration in liver tissue.In TUNEL assessments, similar outcomes were obtained in the control and As + O3 groups. A statistically significant increase was observed in p53 and Caspase 3 (Casp-3) expression levels in the As group compared to the O3 and As + O3 groups. There was no significant difference between the As + O3 and O3 groups on peritubular hemorrhage and desquamation parameters in kidneys (p = 0.147 and p = 0.094). The KIM-1 expression level was significantly increased in the As group compared to the As + O3 group (p = 0.01), and the Casp-3 expression level was not significantly changed in the O3 group compared to the As + O3 group (p = 0.59). In conclusion, it is determined that ozone therapy has ameliorative effects on the microscopic injury of liver and kidney tissues. In addition to microscopic improvement, KIM-1 gene expression levels were ameliorated in the kidneys. The apoptotic cell counts and the Casp-3 and p53 gene expression levels were decreased by O3 administration. Thus, ozone therapy can be a treatment choice for As toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Büyük
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Democracy University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Cemre Aydeğer
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Campus, Çanakkale, 17100, Turkey
| | - Özlem Öztopuz
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Ovalı
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Campus, Çanakkale, 17100, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Makav
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avni Eroğlu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Campus, Çanakkale, 17100, Turkey.
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Nur G, Caylak E, Kilicle PA, Sandayuk S, Celebi OO. Immunohistochemical distribution of Bcl-2 and p53 apoptotic markers in acetamiprid-induced nephrotoxicity. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1788-1796. [DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Pesticides, which adversely affect the critical metabolic processes of organisms, disrupt the physiological balance by specifically targeting enzymes and may lead to such consequences that may lead to death. It provides benefits in agricultural activities. The p53 protein antagonizes bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein character, and induces apoptosis by causing mitochondrial membrane permeability. This study aims to show the effect of acetamiprid, which is an insecticide from the neonicotinoid class, on bcl-2 and p53 immunoreactivity, which has an important place in the apoptotic mechanism in kidney tissue. A total of four groups including control and three experimental groups (the acetamiprid was administered 5, 10, and 15 mg kg−1) were formed in the study. After acetamiprid was administered via gavage for 14 days, the kidney tissues taken from the mice, which were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution for histological and immunohistochemical analyses, and as a result of routine tissue follow-up, the sections were blocked in paraffin and stained with haematoxylin–eosin and immunostaining. The histopathological examinations revealed that while the kidney tissue had a normal structure in the control group, degeneration in the distal and proximal tubules, glomerular degeneration, increase in the capsular area, glomerular atrophy, and haemorrhage were determined in the acetamiprid groups at increasing severity and frequency depending on the dose of the applied substance. In the kidney tissue, Bcl-2 and p53 immunoreactivity was observed in glomerular cells, sinusoidal epithelium, and proximal and distal tubule cells. The acetamiprid caused pathological changes in the kidneys in the dose range used. This effect also affects the expression of bcl-2 and p53 genes, which are biomarkers in the apoptotic mechanism. As acetamiprid accumulates in tissues, it increases the expression of p53 from cell death receptors, while suppressing the anti-apoptotic bcl-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Nur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Iskenderun Technical University , Hatay , Turkey
| | - Emrah Caylak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Girne American University , Kyrenia , Cyprus
| | - Pinar Aksu Kilicle
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Kafkas University , Kars , Turkey
| | - Safak Sandayuk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Kafkas University , Kars , Turkey
| | - Ozlem Onen Celebi
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Kafkas University , Kars , Turkey
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Pieroni S, Castelli M, Piobbico D, Ferracchiato S, Scopetti D, Di-Iacovo N, Della-Fazia MA, Servillo G. The Four Homeostasis Knights: In Balance upon Post-Translational Modifications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214480. [PMID: 36430960 PMCID: PMC9696182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A cancer outcome is a multifactorial event that comes from both exogenous injuries and an endogenous predisposing background. The healthy state is guaranteed by the fine-tuning of genes controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, and development, whose alteration induces cellular behavioral changes finally leading to cancer. The function of proteins in cells and tissues is controlled at both the transcriptional and translational level, and the mechanism allowing them to carry out their functions is not only a matter of level. A major challenge to the cell is to guarantee that proteins are made, folded, assembled and delivered to function properly, like and even more than other proteins when referring to oncogenes and onco-suppressors products. Over genetic, epigenetic, transcriptional, and translational control, protein synthesis depends on additional steps of regulation. Post-translational modifications are reversible and dynamic processes that allow the cell to rapidly modulate protein amounts and function. Among them, ubiquitination and ubiquitin-like modifications modulate the stability and control the activity of most of the proteins that manage cell cycle, immune responses, apoptosis, and senescence. The crosstalk between ubiquitination and ubiquitin-like modifications and post-translational modifications is a keystone to quickly update the activation state of many proteins responsible for the orchestration of cell metabolism. In this light, the correct activity of post-translational machinery is essential to prevent the development of cancer. Here we summarize the main post-translational modifications engaged in controlling the activity of the principal oncogenes and tumor suppressors genes involved in the development of most human cancers.
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244
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Mutant p53 in cancer: from molecular mechanism to therapeutic modulation. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:974. [PMID: 36400749 PMCID: PMC9674619 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05408-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
TP53, a crucial tumor suppressor gene, is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancers. Aside from losing its tumor suppressor function, mutant p53 (mutp53) often acquires inherent, novel oncogenic functions, which is termed "gain-of-function". Emerging evidence suggests that mutp53 is highly associated with advanced malignancies and poor prognosis, which makes it a target for development of novel cancer therapies. Herein, we provide a summary of our knowledge of the mutp53 types and mutp53 spectrum in cancers. The mechanisms of mutp53 accumulation and gain-of-function are also summarized. Furthermore, we discuss the gain-of-function of mutp53 in cancers: genetic instability, ferroptosis, microenvironment, and stemness. Importantly, the role of mutp53 in the clinic is also discussed, particularly with regard to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Last, emphasis is given to emerging strategies on how to target mutp53 for tumor therapy. Thus, this review will contribute to better understanding of the significance of mutp53 as a target for therapeutic strategies.
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245
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Enhanced recombinant protein production in CHO cell continuous cultures under growth-inhibiting conditions is associated with an arrested cell cycle in G1/G0 phase. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277620. [PMCID: PMC9662745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low temperature and sodium butyrate (NaBu) are two of the most used productivity-enhancing strategies in CHO cell cultures during biopharmaceutical manufacturing. While these two approaches alter the balance in the reciprocal relationship between cell growth and productivity, we do not fully understand their mechanisms of action beyond a gross cell growth inhibition. Here, we used continuous culture to evaluate the differential effect of low temperature and NaBu supplementation on CHO cell performance and gene expression profile. We found that an increase in cell-productivity under growth-inhibiting conditions was associated with the arrest of cells in the G1/G0 phase. A transcriptome analysis revealed that the molecular mechanisms by which low temperature and NaBu arrested cell cycle in G1/G0 differed from each other through the deregulation of different cell cycle checkpoints and regulators. The individual transcriptome changes in pattern observed in response to low temperature and NaBu were retained when these two strategies were combined, leading to an additive effect in arresting the cell cycle in G1/G0 phase. The findings presented here offer novel molecular insights about the cell cycle regulation during the CHO cell bioprocessing and its implications for increased recombinant protein production. This data provides a background for engineering productivity-enhanced CHO cell lines for continuous manufacturing.
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246
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Traweek RS, Cope BM, Roland CL, Keung EZ, Nassif EF, Erstad DJ. Targeting the MDM2-p53 pathway in dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1006959. [PMID: 36439412 PMCID: PMC9684653 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1006959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is an aggressive adipogenic cancer with poor prognosis. DDLPS tumors are only modestly sensitive to chemotherapy and radiation, and there is a need for more effective therapies. Genetically, DDLPS is characterized by a low tumor mutational burden and frequent chromosomal structural abnormalities including amplification of the 12q13-15 chromosomal region and the MDM2 gene, which are defining features of DDLPS. The MDM2 protein is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets the tumor suppressor, p53, for proteasomal degradation. MDM2 amplification or overexpression in human malignancies is associated with cell-cycle progression and worse prognosis. The MDM2-p53 interaction has thus garnered interest as a therapeutic target for DDLPS and other malignancies. MDM2 binds p53 via a hydrophobic protein interaction that is easily accessible with synthetic analogues. Multiple agents have been developed, including Nutlins such as RG7112 and small molecular inhibitors including SAR405838 and HDM201. Preclinical in vitro and animal models have shown promising results with MDM2 inhibition, resulting in robust p53 reactivation and cancer cell death. However, multiple early-phase clinical trials have failed to show a benefit with MDM2 pathway inhibition for DDLPS. Mechanisms of resistance are being elucidated, and novel inhibitors and combination therapies are currently under investigation. This review provides an overview of these strategies for targeting MDM2 in DDLPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond S. Traweek
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Brandon M. Cope
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Christina L. Roland
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Emily Z. Keung
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Elise F. Nassif
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Derek J. Erstad
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Opposing Roles of IGFBP-3 and Heparanase in Regulating A549 Lung Cancer Cell Survival. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223533. [PMID: 36428962 PMCID: PMC9688904 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined the roles of heparanase and IGFBP-3 in regulating A549 and H1299 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) survival. We found that H1299 cells, known to be p53-null with no expression of IGFBP-3, had higher heparanase levels and activity and higher levels of heparan sulfate (HS) in the media compared to the media of A549 cells. Inhibiting heparanase activity or its expression using siRNA had no effect on the levels of IGFBP-3 in the media of A549 cells, reduced the levels of soluble HS fragments, and led to decreased interactions between IGFBP-3 and HS in the media. HS competed with HA for binding to IGFBP-3 or IGFBP-3 peptide (215-KKGFYKKKQCRPSKGRKR-232) but not the mutant peptide (K228AR230A). HS abolished the cytotoxic effects of IGFBP-3 but not upon blocking HA-CD44 signaling with the anti-CD44 antibody (5F12). Blocking HA-CD44 signaling decreased the levels of heparanase in the media of both A549 and H1299 cell lines and increased p53 activity and the levels of IGFBP-3 in A549 cell media. Knockdown of p53 led to increased heparanase levels and reduced IGFBP-3 levels in A549 cell media while knockdown of IGFBP-3 in A549 cells blocked p53 activity and increased heparanase levels in the media.
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248
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Gamallat Y, Bakker A, Khosh Kish E, Choudhry M, Walker S, Aldakheel S, Seyedi S, Huang KC, Ghosh S, Gotto G, Bismar TA. The Association between Cyclin Dependent Kinase 2 Associated Protein 1 (CDK2AP1) and Molecular Subtypes of Lethal Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113326. [PMID: 36362115 PMCID: PMC9658869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed types of malignancy and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men in developed countries. Cyclin dependent kinase 2 associate protein 1(CDK2AP1) is an epigenetic and cell cycle regulator gene which has been downregulated in several malignancies, but its involvement in PCa has not yet been investigated in a clinical setting. We assessed the prognostic value of CDK2AP1 expression in a cohort of men diagnosed with PCa (n = 275) treated non-surgically by transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and studied the relationship between CDK2AP1 expression to various PCa molecular subtypes (ERG, PTEN, p53 and AR) and evaluated the association with clinical outcome. Further, we used bioinformatic tools to analyze the available TCGA PRAD transcriptomic data to explore the underlying mechanism. Our data confirmed increased expression of CDK2AP1 with higher Gleason Grade Group (GG) and metastatic PCa (p <0.0001). High CDK2AP1 expression was associated with worse overall survival (OS) (HR: 1.62, CI: 1.19−2.21, p = 0.002) and cause-specific survival (CSS) (HR: 2.012, CI 1.29−3.13, p = 0.002) using univariate analysis. When compared to each sub-molecular type. High CDK2AP1/PTEN-loss, abnormal AR or p53 expression showed even worse association to poorer OS and CCS and remained significant when adjusted for GG. Our data indicates that CDK2AP1 directly binds to p53 using the Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) technique, which was validated using molecular docking tools. This suggests that these two proteins have a significant association through several binding features and correlates with our observed clinical data. In conclusion, our results indicated that the CDK2AP1 overexpression is associate with worse OS and CSS when combined with certain PCa molecular subtypes; interaction between p53 stands out as the most prominent candidate which directly interacts with CDK2AP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Gamallat
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Departments of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute and Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Andrea Bakker
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Ealia Khosh Kish
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Departments of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Muhammad Choudhry
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Departments of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Simon Walker
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Saood Aldakheel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Sima Seyedi
- Departments of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Kuo-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Sunita Ghosh
- Departments of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences and Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada
| | | | - Tarek A. Bismar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Departments of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute and Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-403-943-8430; Fax: +1-403-943-3333
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S-phase arrest and apoptosis in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells via mitochondrial dependent pathway induced by tricyclohexylphosphine gold (I) n-mercaptobenzoate complexes. Life Sci 2022; 311:121161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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250
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NOP53 undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation and promotes tumor radio-resistance. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:436. [PMCID: PMC9622906 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01226-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant DNA damage response (DDR) axis remains the major molecular mechanism for tumor radio-resistance. We recently characterized liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) as an essential mechanism of DDR, and identified several key DDR factors as potential LLPS proteins, including nucleolar protein NOP53. In this study, we found that NOP53 formed highly concentrated droplets in vivo and in vitro, which had liquid-like properties including the fusion of adjacent condensates, rapid fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and the sensitivity to 1,6-hexanediol. Moreover, the intrinsically disordered region 1 (IDR1) is required for NOP53 phase separation. In addition, multivalent-arginine-rich linear motifs (M-R motifs), which are enriched in NOP53, were essential for its nucleolar localization, but were dispensable for the LLPS of NOP53. Functionally, NOP53 silencing diminished tumor cell growth, and significantly sensitized colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to radiotherapy. Mechanically, NOP53 negatively regulated p53 pathway in CRC cells treated with or without radiation. Importantly, data from clinical samples confirmed a correlation between NOP53 expression and tumor radio-resistance. Together, these results indicate an important role of NOP53 in radio-resistance, and provide a potential target for tumor radio-sensitization.
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