201
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Yang L, Liang H, Meng X, Shen L, Guan Z, Hei B, Yu H, Qi S, Wen X. mmu_circ_0000790 Is Involved in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Mice with HPH via MicroRNA-374c-Mediated FOXC1. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 20:292-307. [PMID: 32199127 PMCID: PMC7082500 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the identification of several circular RNAs (circRNAs) as vital regulators of microRNAs (miRNAs) underlines the increasing complexity of non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-mediated regulatory networks. This study aimed to explore the effects of mmu_circ_0000790 on the biological behaviors of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). The HPH mouse model and hypoxia-induced PASMC model were initially established, and the expression of mmu_circ_0000790 in the pulmonary vascular tissues and hypoxic PASMCs was determined using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A series of in vitro experiments such as dual-luciferase, RNA pull-down, and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were conducted to evaluate the interactions among mmu_circ_0000790, microRNA-374c (miR-374c), and forkhead transcription factor 1 (FOXC1). The potential physiological functions of mmu_circ_0000790, miR-374c, and FOXC1 in hypoxic PASMCs were investigated through gain- and loss-of function approaches. Upregulated mmu_circ_0000790 was found in both the HPH-pulmonary vascular tissues and hypoxic PASMCs. Additionally, mmu_circ_0000790 could competitively bind to miR-374c and consequently upregulate the target gene of miR-374c, FOXC1. It was also observed that mmu_circ_0000790 induced proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of hypoxic PASMCs, which further promoted the pulmonary vascular remodeling in mice with HPH. Therefore, we speculate that mmu_circ_0000790 may serve as a prospective target for the treatment of patients with HPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China.
| | - Huan Liang
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Xianguo Meng
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Li Shen
- Glorious Community, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Zhanjiang Guan
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Bingchang Hei
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Yu
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Qi
- ICU, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China
| | - Xianchun Wen
- Institute of Medical Science, Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar 161002, P.R. China.
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202
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Wang X, Dong Y, Wu Q, Lu T, Wang Y, Liu W, Liu C, Xu W. Analysis of circular RNA-associated competing endogenous RNA network in breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:1619-1634. [PMID: 32002039 PMCID: PMC6960389 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As the most common type of cancer in female patients, the morbidity and mortality rates of breast cancer (BC) are high, and its incidence is gradually increasing worldwide. However, the underlying molecular and genetic mechanisms involved in the etiopathogenesis of BC remain unclear. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel type of non-coding RNAs that have been verified to serve a crucial role in tumorigenesis. However, the majority of functions and mechanisms of circRNAs remain unknown. The present study identified 47 differentially expressed circRNAs in a dataset from Gene Expression Omnibus. Using the cancer-specific circRNA database, the potential microRNA (miRNA) response elements, RNA-binding proteins and open reading frames of the candidate circRNAs were predicted. Combing the predictions of miRNAs and target mRNAs, a competing endogenous RNA network was constructed, which may serve as the theoretical basis for further research. Furthermore, the analyses conducted using Gene Ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways indicated that candidate circRNAs may serve a role in transcriptional regulation. Moreover, 20 BC tissue specimens and their paired adjacent normal tissue specimens were used to evaluate the expression levels of the screened circRNAs. Thus, the analyses of the raw microarray data conducted in the present study offer perspectives on the exploration of mechanisms associated with BC tumorigenesis with regard to the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuekang Wang
- Department of Inspection, Medical Faculty of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Yanhan Dong
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Hiser Medical Center, Qingdao, Shandong 266034, P.R. China
| | - Tong Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- Clinical Laboratory Blood Transfusion Service, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Department of Inspection, Medical Faculty of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Wenhua Xu
- Department of Inspection, Medical Faculty of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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203
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Zhao Z, Ji M, Wang Q, He N, Li Y. Circular RNA Cdr1as Upregulates SCAI to Suppress Cisplatin Resistance in Ovarian Cancer via miR-1270 Suppression. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 18:24-33. [PMID: 31479922 PMCID: PMC6726918 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the roles of circular RNA (circRNA) Cdr1as on cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer and explore the underlying mechanisms. We investigated the expression of circRNAs in five paired cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant tissues of ovarian cancer by microarray analysis. The quantitative real-time PCR analysis was to investigate the expression pattern of Cdr1as in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer patient tissues and cell lines. Then, the effects of Cdr1as on cisplatin resistance, cell proliferation, and apoptosis were assessed in ovarian cancer cells. In this study, Cdr1as was observed to be downregulated in cisplatin-resistant patient tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of Cdr1as inhibited cell proliferation and promoted the cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Then we demonstrated that repressed Cdr1as promoted the miR-1270 expression, and miR-1270 could bind to the predicted binding site of Cdr1as. Furthermore, we found that miR-1270 displayed its role via modulating the Suppressor of Cancer Cell Invasion (SCAI) expression. Importantly, we demonstrated that Cdr1as was downregulated in serum exosomes from cisplatin-resistant patients. In summary, our study demonstrated that Cdr1as sensitizes ovarian cancer to cisplatin by regulating the miR-1270/SCAI signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Mei Ji
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Qianqing Wang
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Nannan He
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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204
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Singh AP, Hung YH, Shanahan MT, Kanke M, Bonfini A, Dame MK, Biraud M, Peck BC, Oyesola OO, Freund JM, Cubitt RL, Curry EG, Gonzalez LM, Bewick GA, Tait-Wojno ED, Kurpios NA, Ding S, Spence JR, Dekaney CM, Buchon N, Sethupathy P. Enteroendocrine Progenitor Cell-Enriched miR-7 Regulates Intestinal Epithelial Proliferation in an Xiap-Dependent Manner. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 9:447-464. [PMID: 31756561 PMCID: PMC7021555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The enteroendocrine cell (EEC) lineage is important for intestinal homeostasis. It was recently shown that EEC progenitors contribute to intestinal epithelial growth and renewal, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. MicroRNAs are under-explored along the entire EEC lineage trajectory, and comparatively little is known about their contributions to intestinal homeostasis. METHODS We leverage unbiased sequencing and eight different mouse models and sorting methods to identify microRNAs enriched along the EEC lineage trajectory. We further characterize the functional role of EEC progenitor-enriched miRNA, miR-7, by in vivo dietary study as well as ex vivo enteroid in mice. RESULTS First, we demonstrate that miR-7 is highly enriched across the entire EEC lineage trajectory and is the most enriched miRNA in EEC progenitors relative to Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells. Next, we show in vivo that in EEC progenitors miR-7 is dramatically suppressed under dietary conditions that favor crypt division and suppress EEC abundance. We then demonstrate by functional assays in mouse enteroids that miR-7 exerts robust control of growth, as determined by budding (proxy for crypt division), EdU and PH3 staining, and likely regulates EEC abundance also. Finally, we show by single-cell RNA sequencing analysis that miR-7 regulates Xiap in progenitor/stem cells and we demonstrate in enteroids that the effects of miR-7 on mouse enteroid growth depend in part on Xiap and Egfr signaling. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates for the first time that EEC progenitor cell-enriched miR-7 is altered by dietary perturbations and that it regulates growth in enteroids via intact Xiap and Egfr signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet P. Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Yu-Han Hung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Michael T. Shanahan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Matt Kanke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Alessandro Bonfini
- Cornell Institute of Host-Microbe Interactions and Disease. Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York
| | - Michael K. Dame
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Mandy Biraud
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Bailey C.E. Peck
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Oyebola O. Oyesola
- Baker Institute of Animal Health and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - John M. Freund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Rebecca L. Cubitt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Ennessa G. Curry
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Liara M. Gonzalez
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Gavin A. Bewick
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elia D. Tait-Wojno
- Baker Institute of Animal Health and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Natasza A. Kurpios
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Shengli Ding
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jason R. Spence
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Christopher M. Dekaney
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Nicolas Buchon
- Cornell Institute of Host-Microbe Interactions and Disease. Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Praveen Sethupathy, PhD, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 618 Tower Road T7 006D, Veterinary Research Tower, Ithaca, New York 14850. fax: (607) 253–4447.
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205
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Rosado JA, Diez-Bello R, Salido GM, Jardin I. Fine-tuning of microRNAs in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4102-4118. [PMID: 29210640 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666171205163944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease widely spread across industrialized countries. Sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy alimentary habits lead to obesity, boosting both glucose and fatty acid in the bloodstream and eventually, insulin resistance, pancreas inflammation and faulty insulin production or secretion, all of them very well-defined hallmarks of type 2 diabetes mellitus. miRNAs are small sequences of non-coding RNA that may regulate several processes within the cells, fine-tuning protein expression, with an unexpected and subtle precision and in time-frames ranging from minutes to days. Since the discovery of miRNA and their possible implication in pathologies, several groups aimed to find a relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and miRNAs. Here we discuss the pattern of expression of different miRNAs in cultured cells, animal models and diabetic patients. We summarize the role of the most important miRNAs involved in pancreas growth and development, insulin secretion and liver, skeletal muscle or adipocyte insulin resistance in the context of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Rosado
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers & Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Raquel Diez-Bello
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers & Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Ginés M Salido
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers & Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Isaac Jardin
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers & Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
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206
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Identification of Circular RNAs Regulating Islet β-Cell Autophagy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:4128315. [PMID: 31815137 PMCID: PMC6878796 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4128315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study is to identify the circular RNA (circRNA) expression profile that is functionally related to pancreatic islet β-cell autophagy and their potential regulation mechanisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM rat model was constructed by administration of high-fat and high-sugar diet. β-cells were isolated from islets by flow cytometry. CircRNA expression profile in β-cells was detected by circRNA microarrays, and the differentially expressed circRNAs were identified and validated by qRT-PCR. MicroRNA (miRNA) target prediction software and multiple bioinformatic approaches were used to construct a map of circRNA-miRNA interactions for the differentially expressed circRNAs. A total of 825 differentially expressed circular transcripts were identified in T2DM rats compared with control rats, among which 388 were upregulated and 437 were downregulated. Ten circRNAs were identified to have significant differences by qRT-PCR. GO analysis enriched terms such as organelle membrane and protein binding and the top enriched pathways for the circRNAs included MAPK signaling pathway. The differentially expressed circRNAs might involve in MAPK signaling pathway, apoptosis, and Ras signaling pathway. We speculate that these circRNAs, especially rno_circRNA_008565, can regulate the autophagy of islet β-cells via interactions with miRNA. Dysregulation of several circRNAs may play a role in T2DM development, and rno_circRNA_008565 may be a potential regulator of β-cell autophagy.
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207
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The expression profile of circRNA and its potential regulatory targets in the placentas of severe pre-eclampsia. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2019; 58:769-777. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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208
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Circular RNA expression profile of liver tissues in an EtOH-induced mouse model of alcoholic hepatitis. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 862:172642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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209
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Kristensen LS, Andersen MS, Stagsted LVW, Ebbesen KK, Hansen TB, Kjems J. The biogenesis, biology and characterization of circular RNAs. Nat Rev Genet 2019; 20:675-691. [PMID: 31395983 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-019-0158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2783] [Impact Index Per Article: 556.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed, endogenous biomolecules in eukaryotes with tissue-specific and cell-specific expression patterns, whose biogenesis is regulated by specific cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors. Some circRNAs are abundant and evolutionarily conserved, and many circRNAs exert important biological functions by acting as microRNA or protein inhibitors ('sponges'), by regulating protein function or by being translated themselves. Furthermore, circRNAs have been implicated in diseases such as diabetes mellitus, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Although the circular nature of these transcripts makes their detection, quantification and functional characterization challenging, recent advances in high-throughput RNA sequencing and circRNA-specific computational tools have driven the development of state-of-the-art approaches for their identification, and novel approaches to functional characterization are emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse S Kristensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (MBG), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Maria S Andersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (MBG), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lotte V W Stagsted
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (MBG), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Karoline K Ebbesen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (MBG), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas B Hansen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (MBG), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Kjems
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (MBG), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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210
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Lin J, Cai D, Li W, Yu T, Mao H, Jiang S, Xiao B. Plasma circular RNA panel acts as a novel diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer. Clin Biochem 2019; 74:60-68. [PMID: 31669510 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and emerging lines of evidence have implicated circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of endogenous noncoding RNAs, in CRC development. However, whether plasma circRNAs might be novel diagnostic biomarkers for CRC remains unclear. METHODS We investigated the plasma levels of selected circRNAs by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The presence of the candidate circRNAs was confirmed through RNase R assays, qRT-PCR and DNA sequencing, and their diagnostic value was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS The plasma levels of three circRNAs (circ-CCDC66, circ-ABCC1 and circ-STIL) were significantly decreased in CRC patients (n = 45) compared with healthy controls (n = 61). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the three-circRNA panel was 0.780, which is higher than that of traditional protein biomarkers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). Combining the circRNA panel with CEA and CA19-9 might improve the ability to diagnose CRC (AUC = 0.855). In addition, the plasma circ-ABCC1 level was related to tumor growth and progression, and the plasma circ-CCDC66 and circ-ABCC1 levels were decreased in precursor lesions of CRC, including colon adenomas and adenomatous polyps. More importantly, circ-CCDC66 and circ-STIL were found to be useful for diagnosing early-stage CRC, and the three-circRNA panel improved the ability to diagnose CEA-negative and CA19-9-negative CRC. CONCLUSION Our study provides the first identification of a panel of three plasma circRNAs that could serve as a novel and independent diagnostic biomarker for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 904th Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Wuxi 214044, PR China.
| | - Dongping Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 904th Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Wuxi 214044, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 89th Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Weifang 261000, PR China
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 904th Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Wuxi 214044, PR China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
| | - Bin Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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211
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circPUM1 Promotes Tumorigenesis and Progression of Ovarian Cancer by Sponging miR-615-5p and miR-6753-5p. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 18:882-892. [PMID: 31751911 PMCID: PMC6881671 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to participate in the molecular mechanism of human cancers. The PUM1 gene has been confirmed to be closely related to tumorigenesis and progression of ovarian cancer. In the present study, we explored the function and underlying molecular mechanism of circPUM1 in ovarian cancer. qRT-PCR analysis showed upregulation of circPUM1 in ovarian cancer tissues compared with normal ovaries. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments indicated that circPUM1 increased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibited cell apoptosis. Intraperitoneal injection of circPUM1-knockout tumor cells in nude mice resulted in a decrease in the metastatic ability of the tumor. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed that circPUM1 upregulated the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and MMP2 by sponging miR-615-5p and miR-6753-5p. Further studies showed that exosomal circPUM1 acted on peritoneal mesothelial cells and increased tumor metastasis. In conclusion, our study indicates that circPUM1 not only promotes ovarian cancer proliferation, migration and invasion, but also acts on the peritoneum and contributes to metastasis of cancer in the form of cancer-derived exosomes.
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212
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Fang X, Wen J, Sun M, Yuan Y, Xu Q. CircRNAs and its relationship with gastric cancer. J Cancer 2019; 10:6105-6113. [PMID: 31762820 PMCID: PMC6856571 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), as a type of tissue specific RNA with more stable structure than linear RNAs, was poorly understood on its correlation with gastric cancer (GC). In this review, we outline the synthesis and characteristics of circRNAs and generalize their categories and functions. Through comprehensive analysis of the reported results, we find that circRNAs not only participate in the regulation of gastric cancer (GC) cell biological behaviors, such as proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), but also are related to the clinicopathological features of GC such as tumor differentiation, TNM stage and metastasis, etc. According to the present screening and verification results, circRNAs are suggested to be used as biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of GC, and those circRNAs involved in the genesis and development of GC have the potential as novel targets for the individualized treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Fang
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Mingjun Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Etiology and Screening, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Etiology and Screening, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Etiology and Screening, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110001, China
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213
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Plotnikova O, Baranova A, Skoblov M. Comprehensive Analysis of Human microRNA-mRNA Interactome. Front Genet 2019; 10:933. [PMID: 31649721 PMCID: PMC6792129 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs play a key role in the regulation of gene expression. A majority of microRNA–mRNA interactions remain unidentified. Despite extensive research, our ability to predict human microRNA-mRNA interactions using computational algorithms remains limited by a complexity of the models for non-canonical interactions, and an abundance of false-positive results. Here, we present the landscape of human microRNA–mRNA interactions derived from comprehensive analysis of HEK293 and Huh7.5 datasets, along with publicly available microRNA and mRNA expression data. We show that, while only 1–2% of human genes were the most regulated by microRNAs, few cell line–specific RNAs, including EEF1A1 and HSPA1B in HEK293 and AFP, APOB, and MALAT1 genes in Huh7.5, display substantial “sponge-like” properties. We revealed a group of microRNAs that are expressed at a very high level, while interacting with only a few mRNAs, which, indeed, serve as their specific expression regulators. In order to establish reliable microRNA-binding regions, we collected and systematically analyzed the data from 79 CLIP datasets of microRNA-binding sites. We report 46,805 experimentally confirmed mRNA–miRNA duplex regions. Resulting dataset is available at http://score.generesearch.ru/services/mirna/. Our study provides initial insight into the complexity of human microRNA–mRNA interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Plotnikova
- Laboratory of Functional Genome Analysis, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ancha Baranova
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | - Mikhail Skoblov
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
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214
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Cheng Y, Sun H, Wang H, Jiang W, Tang W, Lu C, Zhang W, Chen Z, Lv C. Star Circular RNAs In Human Cancer: Progress And Perspectives. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8249-8261. [PMID: 31632075 PMCID: PMC6789430 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s215390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a recently discovered subclass of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) characterized by a covalently closed loop structure created by reverse splicing. Because they do not have a 5' cap structure and a 3' poly A tail, circRNAs have higher stability, abundance and evolutionary conservation than linear RNA between species. These features produce various potential biological functions of circRNAs, such as miRNA sponges, RNA-binding proteins that form RNA protein complexes. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that circRNAs play a vital role in the occurrence and development of human diseases. At the same time, their enormous potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target is also evolving. The purpose of this review is to summarize existing cancer-associated circRNAs and to try to find circRNAs that are abnormally expressed in many cancers. Therefore, we reviewed previous circRNAs studies related to cancer and selected them by statistics. The eight circRNAs that have the highest frequency in different cancers or involve key pathways are called star circRNAs. Here, we review the classification, features, and functions of emerging star circRNAs, with particular attention to the role of circRNAs in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanzhi Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanjin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengyu Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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215
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Zhong Q, Huang J, Wei J, Wu R. Circular RNA CDR1as sponges miR-7-5p to enhance E2F3 stability and promote the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:252. [PMID: 31582908 PMCID: PMC6771089 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0959-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNA (circRNA) CDR1as plays an important role in the occurrence and development of human tumors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanism of circRNA CDR1as in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods The mRNA expressions of circRNA CDR1as, miR-7-5p, and E2F3 were detected by qRT-PCR. The effects of circRNA CDR1as, miR-7-5p, and E2F3 on NPC cells were investigated using cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) method, colony formation assay, and representative metabolite assay. The molecular mechanism of circRNA CDR1 in NPC was studied by bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay. In addition, the biological activity of circRNA CDR1as was also investigated in NPC xenograft tumor mice model. Results The results showed that the circRNA CDR1as expression was significantly up-regulated in NPC tissues by comparison with non-tumor NPE tissues (p < 0.01), suggesting that circRNA CDR1as was associated with poor prognosis in NPC patients. Moreover, circRNA CDR1as could up-regulate E2F3 expression by binding miR-7-5p, and promote the growth and glucose metabolism of NPC cells. Meanwhile, circRNA CDR1as could promote NPC progression through the negative regulation of miR-7-5p in the xenograft tumor model. Conclusion CircRNA CDR1as promoted the occurrence and development of NPCs by successively up-regulating the expression of miR-7-5p and E2F3, suggesting CircRNA CDR1as as a potential target for the treatment of NPC patients. Trial registration The study was approved by the cancer center’s institutional research ethics committee on Oct 18, 2008 (2008GZ2847462)
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhong
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Ganzhou, No. 18 Mei Guang Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000 Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Juncong Huang
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Ganzhou, No. 18 Mei Guang Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000 Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawang Wei
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Ganzhou, No. 18 Mei Guang Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000 Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Renrui Wu
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Ganzhou, No. 18 Mei Guang Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000 Guangdong People's Republic of China
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216
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Dong Z, Deng L, Peng Q, Pan J, Wang Y. CircRNA expression profiles and function prediction in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with acute ischemic stroke. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2609-2618. [PMID: 31502677 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofei Dong
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
- Departments of Neurology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Lingna Deng
- Scientific Research Center and Department of Orthopaedic, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Shenzhen 518107 China
| | - Qingxia Peng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Jingrui Pan
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yidong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
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217
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circRNA CDR1as Regulated the Proliferation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells under a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Condition. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:1625381. [PMID: 31582895 PMCID: PMC6754938 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1625381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
circRNA CDR1as (CDR1as) has been demonstrated to play important roles in a variety of inflammation-related diseases by acting as miRNA sponges. The present study is aimed at investigating the potential roles of CDR1as in the proliferation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) under an inflammatory condition induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) were isolated from periodontal ligament tissue, and PDLSCs were sorted from PDLCs based on the STRO-1 expression through fluorescence-activated cell sorting. We further found that CDR1as was significantly downregulated in LPS-treated PDLSCs compared to untreated cells, as well as in normal periodontal ligament tissues compared to periodontitis tissues. Knockdown of CDR1as promoted LPS-induced proliferative inhibition of PDLSCs, whereas overexpression of CDR1as alleviated the LPS-induced proliferative ability of PDLSCs. Mechanistically, CDR1as functioned as an miR-7 sponge to activate the ERK signal pathway to mediate the inhibition effect of LPS on cell proliferation. Taken together, our findings revealed the effects of the interacting pair of CDR1as/miR-7 on the proliferation ability of PDLSCs within their surrounding inflammatory microenvironment of periodontitis.
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218
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Li G, Liu H, Ma C, Chen Y, Wang J, Yang Y. Exosomes are the novel players involved in the beneficial effects of exercise on type 2 diabetes. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14896-14905. [PMID: 30756380 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes contain regulatory signals such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids which can be transferred to adjacent or remote cells to mediate cell-to-cell communication. Exercise is a positive lifestyle for metabolic health and a nonpharmacological treatment of insulin resistance and metabolic diseases. Moreover, exercise is a stressor that induces cellular responses including gene expression and exosome release in various types of cells. Exosomes can carry the characters of parent cells by their modified cargoes, representing novel mechanisms for the effects of exercise. Here, we present a review of exosomes as the perspective players in mediating exercise's beneficial impacts on type 2 diabetes (T2D).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaohua Li
- School of Physical Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring,College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring,College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunlian Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring,College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio
| | - Jinju Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio
| | - Yi Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring,College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
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219
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Jin G, Wang Q, Hu X, Li X, Pei X, Xu E, Li M. Profiling and functional analysis of differentially expressed circular RNAs in high glucose-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1640-1651. [PMID: 31369204 PMCID: PMC6722901 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells often results in diabetic vascular complications. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including diabetes and many vascular diseases. This study aimed to explore the roles of circRNAs in high glucose‐induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to elucidate the contributions of circRNAs to diabetic vascular complications. We subjected control and high glucose‐induced HUVECs to RNA sequencing and identified 214 differentially expressed circRNAs (versus control HUVECs, fold change ≥ 2.0, P < 0.05). We then validated seven of these differentially expressed circRNAs by qPCR (hsa_circ_0008360, hsa_circ_0005741, hsa_circ_0003250, hsa_circ_0045462, hsa_circ_0064772, hsa_circ_0007976, and hsa_circ_0005263). A representative circRNA–microRNA (miRNA) network was constructed using the three most up‐regulated circRNAs (hsa_circ_0008360, hsa_circ_0000109, and hsa_circ_0002317) and their putative miRNA. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that these circRNAs regulate the expressions of genes involved in vascular endothelial function and angiogenesis through targeting miRNAs. Our work highlights the potential regulatory mechanisms of three crucial circRNAs in diabetes‐associated endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxi Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaolei Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pei
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Erqin Xu
- Room of Physical Diagnostics, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Minglong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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220
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Circular RNAs add diversity to androgen receptor isoform repertoire in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Oncogene 2019; 38:7060-7072. [PMID: 31409897 PMCID: PMC6842090 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) is associated with various human diseases, including many types of cancer. Despite their growing links to cancer, there has been limited characterization of circRNAs in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, the major cause of prostate cancer mortality. Here, through the analysis of an exome-capture RNA-seq dataset from 47 metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer samples and ribodepletion and RNase R RNA-sequencing of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and cell models, we identified 13 circRNAs generated from the key prostate cancer driver gene-androgen receptor (AR). We validated and characterized the top four most abundant, clinically relevant AR circRNAs. Expression of these AR circRNAs was upregulated during castration-resistant progression of PDXs. The upregulation was not due to global increase of circRNA formation in these tumors. Instead, the levels of AR circRNAs correlated strongly with that of the linear AR transcripts (both AR and AR-variants) in clinical samples and PDXs, indicating a transcriptional mechanism of regulation. In cultured cells, androgen suppressed the expression of these AR circRNAs and the linear AR transcripts, and the suppression was attenuated by an antiandrogen. Using nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation and RNA in-situ hybridization assays, we demonstrated predominant cytoplasmic localization of these AR circRNAs, indicating likely cytoplasmic functions. Overall, this is the first comprehensive characterization of circRNAs arising from the AR gene. With greater resistance to exoribonuclease compared to the linear AR transcripts and detectability of AR circRNAs in patient plasma, these AR circRNAs may serve as surrogate circulating markers for AR/AR-variant expression and castration-resistant prostate cancer progression.
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221
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Exosomes and Their Noncoding RNA Cargo Are Emerging as New Modulators for Diabetes Mellitus. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080853. [PMID: 31398847 PMCID: PMC6721737 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes belongs to a group of metabolic disorders characterized by long term high blood glucose levels due to either inadequate production of insulin (Type 1 diabetes, T1DM) or poor response of the recipient cell to insulin (Type 2 diabetes, T2DM). Organ dysfunctions are the main causes of morbidity and mortality due to high glucose levels. Understanding the mechanisms of organ crosstalk may help us improve our basic knowledge and find novel strategies to better treat the disease. Exosomes are part of a newly emerged research area and have attracted a great deal of attention for their capacity to regulate communications between cells. In conditions of diabetes, exosomes play important roles in the pathological processes in both T1DM and T2DM, such as connecting the immune cell response to pancreatic tissue injury, as well as adipocyte stimulation to insulin resistance of skeletal muscle or liver. Furthermore, in recent years, nucleic acids containing exosomes—especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs)—have been shown to mainly regulate communications between organs in pathological processes of diabetes, including influencing metabolic signals and insulin signals in target tissues, affecting cell viability, and modulating inflammatory pancreatic cells. Moreover, exosome miRNAs show promise in their use as biomarkers or in treatments for diabetes and diabetic complications. Thus, this paper summarizes the recent work on exosomes related to diabetes as well as the roles of exosomal miRNAs and lncRNAs in diabetic pathology and diagnosis in order to help us better understand the exact roles of exosomes in diabetes development.
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222
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Fan C, Liu X, Li W, Wang H, Teng Y, Ren J, Huang Y. Circular RNA circ KMT2E is up-regulated in diabetic cataract lenses and is associated with miR-204-5p sponge function. Gene 2019; 710:170-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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223
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Zhou ZB, Du D, Chen KZ, Deng LF, Niu YL, Zhu L. Differential Expression Profiles and Functional Predication of Circular Ribonucleic Acid in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury of Rats. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:2287-2297. [PMID: 30681027 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Du
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Zhe Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian-Fu Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Long Niu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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224
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Li L, Chen Y, Nie L, Ding X, Zhang X, Zhao W, Xu X, Kyei B, Dai D, Zhan S, Guo J, Zhong T, Wang L, Zhang H. MyoD-induced circular RNA CDR1as promotes myogenic differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2019; 1862:807-821. [PMID: 31323434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Many protein coding and non-coding genes interplay in governing skeletal muscle formation. Nevertheless, comparing with the linear transcripts, functions of covalently closed circular RNAs (circRNAs), the new frontier of regulatory non-coding RNA (ncRNAs) molecules, remain largely unknown. Here, we identify CDR1as (antisense to the cerebellar degeneration-related protein 1 transcript, also termed as ciRS-7), a well-known cancer and neuron circRNA, plays a significant role in virtually controlling muscle differentiation. CDR1as is highly expressed in muscles of the mid-embryonic goat foetus, and activated at the initiation of myogenic differentiation in vitro. MyoD (myogenic differentiation protein 1), a driven transcription factor for myogenesis, promotes CDR1as by binding on its 5' flank region (-646 to -634 bp, neighbouring the predicted transcription start site at -580 bp). Overexpression or knockdown of CDR1as dramatically induces or impedes muscle differentiation program, respectively. By competitively binding to miR-7 (microRNA 7), CDR1as relieves the downregulation of IGF1R (insulin like growth factor 1 receptor) caused by miR-7 and consequently activates muscle differentiation. These results unveil that CDR1as plays critical roles in myogenic differentiation, which extends the versatile functions of CDR1as in mammal development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lu Nie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xue Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bismark Kyei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Dinghui Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Siyuan Zhan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiazhong Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tao Zhong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Linjie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hongping Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211# Huimin Rd., Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China.
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225
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Zhang Q, Wang JY, Zhou SY, Yang SJ, Zhong SL. Circular RNA expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:2923-2930. [PMID: 31452773 PMCID: PMC6676441 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulatory roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in cancer are attracting increasing attention. The aim of the present study was to explore the roles of circRNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) using microarray data. The circRNA and microRNA (miRNA) microarray data were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. A total of 256 differentially expressed circRNAs were obtained by analyzing the circRNA microarray data from 26 pairs of PDAC and adjacent normal tissues. Differentially expressed miRNAs were analyzed using a dataset of 6 PDAC tissues and 5 non-neoplastic pancreas samples (GSE43796); 20 differentially expressed miRNAs were detected. circRNA/miRNA interactions were predicted between differentially expressed circRNAs and miRNAs using miRanda and RNAhybrid algorithms and 51 circRNA/miRNA interactions were obtained. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis using gene symbols of differentially expressed circRNAs demonstrated that 41 circRNAs were enriched in 17 pathways. Subnetworks that were associated with apoptosis or proliferation were extracted from the 17 pathways and a new network was constructed using Cytoscape software, which identified that mitogen-activated protein kinase, PI3K/AKT and WNT/β-catenin signaling pathways may be associated with PDAC development. In conclusion, 256 differentially expressed circRNAs and 20 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in PDAC tissues compared with normal tissues; the circRNA/miRNA interactions and the networks of KEGG pathways provided a global view of the function of these differentially expressed circRNAs and miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jin Yan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Si Ying Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Su Jin Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Shan Liang Zhong
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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226
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Ghasemi H, Sabati Z, Ghaedi H, Salehi Z, Alipoor B. Circular RNAs in β-cell function and type 2 diabetes-related complications: a potential diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:5631-5643. [PMID: 31302804 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent investigations have indicated that altered expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) could be associated with human diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new discovered class of ncRNAs with unique structural characteristics that involved in several molecular and cellular functions. Exploring of the circulating circRNAs as a reliable non-invasive biomarker for monitoring and diagnosing of human diseases has grown significantly. However, the molecular functions and clinical relevance of circRNAs are not yet well clarified in T2D. Accordingly, in this review, the involvement of circRNAs in the β-cell function and T2D-related complications is highlighted. The study also shed light on the possibility of using circRNAs as a biomarker for T2D diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ghasemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Zolfaghar Sabati
- Student Research Committee, Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghaedi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zaker Salehi
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Behnam Alipoor
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
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227
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Arcinas C, Tan W, Fang W, Desai TP, Teh DCS, Degirmenci U, Xu D, Foo R, Sun L. Adipose circular RNAs exhibit dynamic regulation in obesity and functional role in adipogenesis. Nat Metab 2019; 1:688-703. [PMID: 32694641 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-019-0078-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs are emerging as novel regulators in adipocyte differentiation and function. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new class of non-coding transcripts generated across all eukaryotic tissues, but their function in adipose biology remains unknown. Here we perform deep sequencing of visceral and subcutaneous fat to discover thousands of adipose circRNAs, many of which are species conserved, tissue specific and dynamically regulated during adipogenesis and obesity. We identify circTshz2-1 and circArhgap5-2 as indispensable regulators of adipogenesis in vitro. To characterize the function of circRNAs in vivo, we deliver adenoviral shRNA targeting circArhgap5-2 into mouse inguinal tissue and show that the expression of this circRNA is essential in maintaining the global adipocyte transcriptional programme involved in lipid biosynthesis and metabolism. We also demonstrate that the pro-adipogenic function of circArhgap5-2 is conserved in human adipocytes. Our results provide important evidence that circRNAs serve as important regulators in adipocyte differentiation and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Arcinas
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wilson Tan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wenning Fang
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tresha P Desai
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Diana Chee Siang Teh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ufuk Degirmenci
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dan Xu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Roger Foo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Lei Sun
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
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228
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Yang W, Yang X, Wang X, Gu J, Zhou D, Wang Y, Yin B, Guo J, Zhou M. Silencing CDR1as enhances the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to drug resistance by acting as a miR-7 sponge to down-regulate REGγ. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:4921-4932. [PMID: 31245927 PMCID: PMC6652952 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In our study, we aimed to investigate the role of CDR1as during competitive inhibition of miR‐7 in the regulation of cisplatin chemosensitivity in breast cancer via regulating REGγ. RT‐qPCR was applied to detect the expression of CDR1as and miR‐7 in breast cancer tissues, breast cancer cell lines and corresponding drug‐resistant cell lines. The correlation between CDR1as and miR‐7 and between miR‐7 and REGγ was evaluated. MCF‐7‐R and MDA‐MB‐231‐R cells were selected followed by transfection of a series of mimics, inhibitors or siRNA. The effect of CDR1as on the half maximal inhibitor concentration (IC50), cisplatin sensitivity and cell apoptosis was also analysed. Furthermore, a subcutaneous xenograft nude mouse model was established to further confirm the effect of CDR1as on the chemosensitivity of breast cancer to cisplatin in vivo. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to test the Ki‐67 expression in nude mice. A positive correlation was found between the drug resistance and CDR1as expression in breast cancer. CDR1as could increase the resistance of breast cancer cells to cisplatin. miR‐7 expression was low, while REGγ was highly expressed in MCF‐7‐R and MDA‐MB‐231‐R cells. CDR1as competitively inhibited miR‐7 and up‐regulated REGγ. Overexpression of miR‐7 could reverse the enhanced sensitivity of silenced CDR1as to drug‐resistant breast cancer cells. Additionally, in vivo experiments demonstrated that CDR1as mediated breast cancer occurrence and its sensitivity to cisplatin. Silencing CDR1as decreased Ki‐67 expression. Silencing CDR1as may inhibit the expression of REGγ by removing the competitive inhibitory effect on miR‐7 and thus enhancing the sensitivity of drug‐resistant breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaojuan Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Juan Gu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Daoping Zhou
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Yueping Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,Department of Biology, College of Arts & Science, Massachusetts University, Boston, MA
| | - Bin Yin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianmin Guo
- Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.,Guangdong Lewwin Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
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229
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The Role of CDR1as in Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:2316834. [PMID: 31281369 PMCID: PMC6594288 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2316834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells derived from human umbilical cord (hucMSCs) are considered a promising tool for regenerative medicine. circRNAs as newly discovered noncoding RNAs are involved in multiple biological processes. However, little has been known about the function of circRNAs in the proliferation and differentiation of hucMSCs. In this study, we selected several circRNAs expressed in MSCs from circBase and found that CDR1as expression level was markedly significant. We observed that, compared with that of uninduced hucMSCs, the CDR1as expression level of induced hucMSCs decreased with cell induction differentiation. By using siRNA to knock down CDR1as of hucMSCs, we discovered that proliferation was inhibited but the apoptosis increased. In addition, we found that the expression of stemness transcription factors (STFs) was downregulated after CDR1as knockdown and the adipogenesis and osteogenesis potential of hucMSCs was impaired. Our findings suggest that CDR1as takes a part in maintaining proliferation and differentiation of hucMSCs, providing clues for MSC modification and further for stem cell therapy and tissue regeneration.
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230
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Lu S, Yang X, Wang C, Chen S, Lu S, Yan W, Xiong K, Liu F, Yan J. Current status and potential role of circular RNAs in neurological disorders. J Neurochem 2019; 150:237-248. [PMID: 31099046 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Given the importance of non-coding RNAs in modulating normal brain functions and their implications in the treatment of neurological disorders, non-coding RNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have shown great clinical potential. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as potentially important players in this field. Recent studies have indicated that circRNAs might play vital roles in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ischemic brain injury, and neurotoxicity. However, the mechanisms of action of circRNAs have not been fully characterized. We aimed to review recent advances in circRNA research in the brain to provide new insights on the roles of circRNAs in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Lu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chudong Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Lu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weitao Yan
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fengxia Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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231
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Zeng N, Wang T, Chen M, Yuan Z, Qin J, Wu Y, Gao L, Shen Y, Chen L, Wen F. Cigarette smoke extract alters genome-wide profiles of circular RNAs and mRNAs in primary human small airway epithelial cells. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5532-5541. [PMID: 31140741 PMCID: PMC6653042 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As a novel kind of non-coding RNA, circular RNAs (circRNAs) were involved in various biological processes. However, the role of circRNAs in the developmental process of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is still unclear. In the present study, by using a cell model of COPD in primary human small airway epithelial cells (HSAECs) treated with or without cigarette smoke extract (CSE), we uncovered 4,379 previously unknown circRNAs in human cells and 903 smoke-specific circRNAs, with the help of RNA-sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Moreover, 3,872 up- and 4,425 down-regulated mRNAs were also identified under CSE stimulation. Furthermore, a putative circRNA-microRNA-mRNA network was constructed for in-depth mechanism exploration, which indicated that differentially expressed circRNAs could influence expression of some key genes that participate in response to pentose phosphate pathway, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis pathway and cancer-related pathways. Our research indicated that cigarette smoke had an influence on the biogenesis of circRNAs and mRNAs. CircRNAs might be involved in the response to CSE in COPD through the circRNA-mediated ceRNA networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Zeng
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhicheng Yuan
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiangyue Qin
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanqiu Wu
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijuan Gao
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongchun Shen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuqiang Wen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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232
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Wang H, She G, Zhou W, Liu K, Miao J, Yu B. Expression profile of circular RNAs in placentas of women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Endocr J 2019; 66:431-441. [PMID: 30814439 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej18-0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Forty-five pregnant women who underwent cesarean section, including 30 cases of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 15 normal pregnant women, were enrolled in this study to examine the differential expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the placentas of women with GDM by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis. The differentially expressed circRNAs were analyzed bioinformatically using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment and circRNA-microRNA (miRNA) interaction prediction. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the results. A total of 8,321 circRNAs were identified in the human placenta, among which 46 were differentially expressed (fold change ≥2 and p < 0.05), including three that were upregulated and 43 that were downregulated. According to the GO and KEGG enrichment results, these circRNAs may be associated with vital biological processes, cellular components, molecular functions, and signaling pathways. In particular, KEGG analysis shown they may be involved in advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGE-RAGE) signaling pathway in diabetic complications, indicating that these circRNAs might participate in the occurrence and pathogenesis of GDM. qRT-PCR verified that the expression of circ_5824, circ_3636, and circ_0395 was consistent with RNA-seq analysis; their expression levels were significantly lower in the GDM group than in the control group. The circRNA-miRNA interaction was analyzed according to the molecular sponge mechanism, and its potential function is discussed. These results shed light on future functional studies of circRNAs related to GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Wang
- Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Guangtong She
- Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Wenbai Zhou
- Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Kezhuo Liu
- Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Jun Miao
- Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
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Lim TB, Aliwarga E, Luu TDA, Li YP, Ng SL, Annadoray L, Sian S, Ackers-Johnson MA, Foo RSY. Targeting the highly abundant circular RNA circSlc8a1 in cardiomyocytes attenuates pressure overload induced hypertrophy. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 115:1998-2007. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAimsWe and others have previously described the expression landscape of circular RNA (circRNA) in mouse and human hearts. However, the functional relevance of many of these abundantly expressed cardiomyocyte circRNA remains to be fully explored. Among the most abundant circRNA, one stems from the sodium-calcium exchanger gene, Slc8a1, exon 2 locus. Because of its very high abundance in cardiomyocytes we investigated the possible role of circSlc8a1 in the heart.Methods and resultsWe performed a miRNA screen using an array of 752 miRNAs with RNA recovered from a pull-down of endogenous cardiomyocyte circSlc8a1. MicroRNA-133a (miR-133a), with a prior well-recognized role in cardiac hypertrophy, was highly enriched in the fraction of circSlc8a1 pull-down (adjusted P-value < 0.001). We, therefore, followed-up validation of the functional interaction between circSlc8a1 and miR-133 using luciferase assays and reciprocal pull-down assays. In vivo, AAV9-mediated RNAi knockdown of circSlc8a1 attenuates cardiac hypertrophy from pressure-overload, whereas forced cardiomyocyte specific overexpression of circSlc8a1 resulted in heart failure. Molecular analyses showed targets of miR-133a including serum response factor (Srf), connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf), adrenoceptor beta 1 (Adrb1), and adenylate cyclase 6 (Adcy6) to be regulated by circSlc8a1-directed intervention of knockdown and overexpression.ConclusionIn summary, circSlc8a1 can function as an endogenous sponge for miR-133a in cardiomyocytes. We propose that circSlc8a1 may serve as a novel therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingsen Benson Lim
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health Systems, MD6 Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Genome, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Edita Aliwarga
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health Systems, MD6 Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Genome, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tuan Danh Anh Luu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health Systems, MD6 Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yiqing Peter Li
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health Systems, MD6 Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi Ling Ng
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health Systems, MD6 Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Genome, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lavenniah Annadoray
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health Systems, MD6 Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Genome, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephanie Sian
- Cancer Science Institute, National University Health Systems, MD6 Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matthew Andrew Ackers-Johnson
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health Systems, MD6 Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger Sik-Yin Foo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health Systems, MD6 Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Genome, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, Singapore
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234
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Differential expression and bioinformatics analysis of circRNA in osteosarcoma. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181514. [PMID: 31036604 PMCID: PMC6522716 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This research aims to investigate the expression profile of circRNA in osteosarcoma and to identify the underlying pathogenesis core genes of osteosarcoma.Methods: Illumina HiSeq was used to screen differentially expressed circRNAs between the tumour tissues and paracancerous tissues of three osteosarcoma patients. Bioinformatics analysis was used to analyse their potential functions. Five differentially expressed circRNAs were selected to detect the relative expression level in tumour and paracancerous tissues of ten osteosarcoma patients by real-time PCR. The databases such as DisGeNET and miRWalk were used to collect related genes or miRNAs. RESULTS A total of 259 differentially expressed circRNAs were evaluated in patients with osteosarcoma, of which 132 were up-regulated and 127 were down-regulated. Compared with that in paracancerous tissues, circ_32279 and circ_24831 were significantly down-regulated while circ_2137 and circ_20403 were significantly up-regulated in osteosarcoma tissues. The differential expression of circRNA is closely linked to biological processes and molecular functions. The difference in circRNA was mainly linked to the 'phosphatidylinositol signalling system' signal pathway and the 'inositol phosphate metabolism' signal pathway. CONCLUSION The present study identified a profile of abnormal regulation of circRNA in osteosarcoma. Bioinformatics analysis indicates that the deregulated circRNAs may be related to the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma.
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235
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Role of Circular RNAs in Preeclampsia. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:7237495. [PMID: 31191755 PMCID: PMC6525895 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7237495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs characterized by circular covalently closed structures, which are generated by back-splicing. circRNA is more stable and conserved than linear RNA and exists in various organisms. Preeclampsia (PE), a common hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, has a profound impact on maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Recent studies demonstrated that circRNAs were differentially expressed in PE maternal-fetal interface compared with those in the control and might mediate pathological processes in pregnancy complications. However, the mechanisms of action of circRNAs in PE are still unclear. Here, we provide a comprehensive review on the current state of knowledge on circRNAs associated with PE. We summarize the known expression profiles of circRNAs and discuss their potential application as biomarkers of PE. The possible mechanisms underlying circRNA dysregulation in the etiology of PE are also explored.
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236
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Ma H, Xu Y, Zhang R, Guo B, Zhang S, Zhang X. Differential expression study of circular RNAs in exosomes from serum and urine in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:738-753. [PMID: 31110542 PMCID: PMC6524185 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.84690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to further explore the pathogenesis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), gene-sequencing was used to analyze the differentially expressed circRNAs in exosomes of patients with IMN, which may lay the foundation for the research of circRNAs as a new class of exosome-based IMN diagnosis biomarkers. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten patients with IMN and ten normal controls were recruited as experimental subjects in our study. The exosomes were extracted from the collected serum and urine. Then, pure circRNAs were extracted from the exosomes with a series of enzymatic reactions. Afterwards, the significantly differentially expressed circRNAs were chosen by the method of gene-sequencing. RESULTS Compared with normal controls, the circRNAs were reduced in the exosomes from serum of patients with IMN, which mostly originated from intron gene regions. Meanwhile, a total of 89 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed, which were also mostly derived from intron gene regions, including 49 up-regulated and 40 down-regulated genes. However, the species were increased in the exosomes from the urine of patients with IMN compared to normal controls, and they mainly originated from exon gene regions. Simultaneously, 60 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed, which primarily belonged to intron gene regions, including 54 up-regulated and 6 down-regulated regions. CONCLUSIONS The significant differential and specific expression of circRNAs in the exosomes from patients with IMN were observed. For example, MUC3A, which originated from chr7:100550808|100551062, could be considered a potential diagnostic biomarker of IMN. Furthermore, these figures may be used as a reference or supplement in the research of the pathogenesis of IMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualin Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou city, Guangdong province, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou city, Guangdong province, China
| | - Baochun Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou city, Guangdong province, China
| | - Shuyan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou city, Guangdong province, China
| | - Xinzhou Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou city, Guangdong province, China
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237
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Yu CY, Kuo HC. The emerging roles and functions of circular RNAs and their generation. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:29. [PMID: 31027496 PMCID: PMC6485060 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0523-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closed long non-coding RNAs, in which the 5’ and 3’ termini are covalently linked by back-splicing of exons from a single pre-mRNA. Emerging evidence indicates that circRNAs are broadly expressed in mammalian cells and show cell type- or tissue-specific expression patterns. Importantly, circRNAs have been shown to participate in regulating various biological processes. Functionally, circRNAs can influence cellular physiology through various molecular mechanisms, such as serving as a decoy for microRNAs or RNA-binding proteins to modulate gene expression or translation of regulatory proteins. The biogenesis of circRNAs is known to be tightly regulated by cis- (intronic complementary sequences) and/or trans-factors (splicing factors) that constitute a cell- and context-dependent regulatory layer in the control of gene expression. However, our understanding of the regulation and function of circRNAs is still limited. In this review, we summarize the current progress in elucidating the functional roles, mechanisms and biogenesis of circRNAs. We also discuss the relationship between regulation and formation of circRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ying Yu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Kuo
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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238
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Zhao W, Chu S, Jiao Y. Present Scenario of Circular RNAs (circRNAs) in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:379. [PMID: 31001302 PMCID: PMC6454147 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are new endogenous non-coding RNA family members that arise during pre-mRNA splicing in a reversed order in which the 3' and 5' ends are covalently closed. Compared to the comprehensive investigation of circRNAs in animals, circRNA research in plants is still in its infancy. Genome-wide identification and characterization of circRNAs have recently been performed in several plant species. CircRNAs are ubiquitously expressed and abundant in plants. The expression of circRNAs is often dependent on cell-type, tissue, and developmental stage, and it is particularly stress-inducible in plants. CircRNAs might play important roles in various biological processes in plants, including development and the response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we review the current literature and provide a brief overview of circRNAs and their research status in plants, as well as the bioinformatic tools and database resources for circRNA analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Chu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongqing Jiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
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239
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Huang R, Zhou P. Double-edged effects of noncoding RNAs in responses to environmental genotoxic insults: Perspectives with regards to molecule-ecology network. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 247:64-71. [PMID: 30654255 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Numerous recent studies have underlined the crucial players of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), i.e., microRNAs(miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs) and circle RNAs(circRNAs) participating in genotoxic responses induced by a wide variety of environmental genotoxicants consistently. Genotoxic-derived ncRNAs provide us a new epigenetic molecular-ecological network (MEN) insights into the underlying mechanisms regarding genotoxicant exposure and genotoxic effects, which can modify ncRNAs to render them "genotoxic" and inheritable, thus potentially leading to disease risk via epigenetic changes. In fact, the spatial structures of ncRNAs, particularly of secondary and three-dimensional structures, diverse environmental genotoxicants as well as RNA splicing and editing forma dynamic pool of ncRNAs, which constructs a MEN in cells together with their enormous targets and interactions, making biological functions more complicated. We nonetheless suggest that ncRNAs have both beneficial(positive) and harmful(negative) effects, i.e., are "double-edged" in regulating genotoxicant toxic responses. Understanding the "double-edged" effects of ncRNAs is of crucial importance for our further comprehension of the pathogenesis of human diseases induced by environmental toxicants and for the construction of novel prevention and therapy targets. Furthermore, the MEN formed by ncRNAs and their interactions each other as well as downstream targets in the cells is important for considering the active relationships between external agents (environmental toxicants) and inherent genomic ncRNAs, in terms of suppression or promotion (down- or upregulation), and engineered ncRNA therapies can suppress or promote the expression of inherent genomic ncRNAs that are targets of environmental toxicants. Moreover, the MEN would be expected to be would be applied to the mechanistic explanation and risk assessment at whole scene level in environmental genotoxicant exposure. As molecular biology evolves rapidly, the proposed MEN perspective will provide a clearer or more comprehensive holistic view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - PingKun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing, 100850, PR China.
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240
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Braicu C, Zimta AA, Gulei D, Olariu A, Berindan-Neagoe I. Comprehensive analysis of circular RNAs in pathological states: biogenesis, cellular regulation, and therapeutic relevance. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1559-1577. [PMID: 30805658 PMCID: PMC11105679 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are members of the non-coding transcriptome; however, some of them are translated into proteins. These transcripts have important roles in both physiological and pathological mechanisms due to their ability to directly influence cellular signaling pathways. Specifically, circRNAs are regulators of transcription, translation, protein interaction, and signal transduction. An increased knowledge within their area is observed over the last few years, concomitant with the development of next-generation sequencing techniques. circRNAs are mostly tissue and disease specific with the ability of specifically changing the biological behavior of cells. The altered expression profile is currently investigated as novel minimally invasive diagnosis/prognosis tool and also therapeutic target in human disease. The diagnosis approach is based on their level modification within pathological states, especially cancer, where circRNAs' therapies are intensively explored in anti-aging strategies, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and malignant pathologies, and are relying on the restoration of homeostatic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Andreea-Alina Zimta
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Gulei
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Olariu
- Nordlogic Software, 10-12, Rene Descartes Street, 400486, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta" The Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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241
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Yang W, Gu J, Wang X, Wang Y, Feng M, Zhou D, Guo J, Zhou M. Inhibition of circular RNA CDR1as increases chemosensitivity of 5-FU-resistant BC cells through up-regulating miR-7. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3166-3177. [PMID: 30884120 PMCID: PMC6484300 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the mechanism of Circular RNA CDR1as implicating in regulating 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemosensitivity in breast cancer (BC) by competitively inhibiting miR-7 to regulate CCNE1. Expressions of CDR1as and miR-7 in 5-FU-resistant BC cells were determined by RT-PCR. CCK-8, colony formation assay and flow cytometry were applied to measure half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), 5-Fu chemosensitivity and cell apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of apoptosis-related factors. CDR1as was elevated while miR-7 was inhibited in 5-FU-resistant BC cells. Cells transfected with si-CDR1as or miR-7 mimic had decreased IC50 and colony formation rate, increased expressions of Bax/Bcl2 and cleaved-Caspase-3/Caspase-3, indicating inhibition of CDR1as and overexpression of miR-7 enhances the chemosensitity of 5-FU-resistant BC cells. Targetscan software indicates a binding site of CDR1as and miR-7 and that CCNE1 is a target gene of miR-7. miR-7 can gather CDR1as in BC cells and can inhibit CCNE1. In comparison to si-CDR1as group, CCNE1 was increased and chemosensitivity to 5-Fu was suppressed in si-CDR1as + miR-7 inhibitor group. When compared with miR-7 mimic group, CDR1as + miR-7 mimic group had increased CCNE1 and decreased chemosensitivity to 5-Fu. Nude mouse model of BC demonstrated that the growth of xenotransplanted tumour in si-CDR1as + miR-7 inhibitor group was faster than that in si-CDR1as group. The tumour growth in CDR1as + miR-7 mimic group was faster than that in miR-7 mimic group. CDR1as may regulate chemosensitivity of 5-FU-resistant BC cells by inhibiting miR-7 to regulate CCNE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, The Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Gu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, The Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, The Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Second People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yueping Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, The Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Biology, College of Arts & Science, Massachusetts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mei Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Second People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Daoping Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Second People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianmin Guo
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Guangdong Lewwin Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co.,Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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242
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Harries LW. RNA Biology Provides New Therapeutic Targets for Human Disease. Front Genet 2019; 10:205. [PMID: 30906315 PMCID: PMC6418379 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA is the messenger molecule that conveys information from the genome and allows the production of biomolecules required for life in a responsive and regulated way. Most genes are able to produce multiple mRNA products in response to different internal or external environmental signals, in different tissues and organs, and at specific times in development or later life. This fine tuning of gene expression is dependent on the coordinated effects of a large and intricate set of regulatory machinery, which together orchestrate the genomic output at each locus and ensure that each gene is expressed at the right amount, at the right time and in the correct location. This complexity of control, and the requirement for both sequence elements and the entities that bind them, results in multiple points at which errors may occur. Errors of RNA biology are common and found in association with both rare, single gene disorders, but also more common, chronic diseases. Fortunately, complexity also brings opportunity. The existence of many regulatory steps also offers multiple levels of potential therapeutic intervention which can be exploited. In this review, I will outline the specific points at which coding RNAs may be regulated, indicate potential means of intervention at each stage, and outline with examples some of the progress that has been made in this area. Finally, I will outline some of the remaining challenges with the delivery of RNA-based therapeutics but indicate why there are reasons for optimism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna W. Harries
- RNA-Mediated Mechanisms of Disease, College of Medicine and Health, The Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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243
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Han DX, Wang CJ, Sun XL, Liu JB, Jiang H, Gao Y, Chen CZ, Yuan B, Zhang JB. Identification of circular RNAs in the immature and mature rat anterior pituitary. J Endocrinol 2019; 240:393-402. [PMID: 30657740 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new class of RNA that have a stable structure characterized by covalently closed circular molecules and are involved in invasive pituitary adenomas and recurrent clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. However, information on circRNAs in the normal pituitary, especially in rats, is limited. In this study, we identified 4123 circRNAs in the immature (D15) and mature (D120) rat anterior pituitary using the Illumina platform, and 32 differentially expressed circRNAs were found. A total of 150 Gene Ontology terms were significantly enriched, and 16 KEGG pathways were found to contain differentially expressed genes. Moreover, we randomly selected eight highly expressed circRNAs and detected their relative expression levels in the mature and immature rat pituitary by qPCR. In addition, we predicted 90 interactions between 53 circRNAs and 57 miRNAs using miRanda. Notably, circ_0000964 and circ_0001303 are potential miRNA sponges that may regulate the Fshb gene. The expression profile of circRNAs in the immature and mature rat anterior pituitary may provide more information about the roles of circRNAs in the development and reproduction in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xu Han
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Jiang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Lei Sun
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Bo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Zhen Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Bao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
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244
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Wu H, Wu S, Zhu Y, Ye M, Shen J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Bu S. Hsa_circRNA_0054633 is highly expressed in gestational diabetes mellitus and closely related to glycosylation index. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:22. [PMID: 30736847 PMCID: PMC6368772 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0610-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNA (circRNA) is involved in the pathological processes of various diseases. CircRNA is more stable than linear RNAs and is expressed in high levels in tissues, making it a better biomarker candidate than linear RNAs. In this study, we aimed to identify potential circRNA biomarkers of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A retrospective case–control study was conducted using data and samples from women treated at a hospital in China between July 10, 2017, and February 15, 2018. We collected serum samples from 40 healthy pregnant women (controls) and 40 women with GDM (cases) during the second trimester as well as 65 controls and 65 cases during the third trimester of pregnancy. Placenta tissues and neonatal cord blood were each from another 20 cases and 20 controls. We selected six circRNAs (hsa_circRNA_0054633, hsa_circRNA_103410, hsa_circRNA_063981, hsa_circRNA_102682, hsa_circRNA_0018508, and hsa_circRNA_406918) as candidate biomarkers and used quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to measure their concentrations in the serum and placental tissues. The Pearson correlation test was used to assess the correlation between various circRNAs and between circRNA and clinical variables. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnostic value of circRNAs for GDM at each stage. Results Hsa_circRNA_0054633 was highly expressed in the blood during the second and third trimesters; its expression was also high in the placenta but low in the cord blood (P < 0.05). Hsa_cirRNA_0054633 was highly correlated with GHBA1 and GHBA1c levels in maternal blood samples at various stages of the GDM group (including placental tissue and umbilical cord blood) (P < 0.05). Hsa_circRNA_063981, hsa_circRNA_102682, and hsa_circRNA_103410 were also differentially expressed between the case and control groups at different stages (P < 0.05). There was a strong correlation between hsa_circRNA_0054633 and hsa_circRNA_103410 levels in third-trimester maternal blood (P = 0.000, r = 0.554) and in neonatal umbilical cord blood (P = 0.000, r = 0.866). Hsa_circRNA_0054633 showed a significant diagnostic value in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, placenta, and cord blood (AUC = 0.793, 0.664, 0.747, and 0.783, respectively, P < 0.001). Conclusion This study suggests that hsa_cirRNA_0054633 is abnormally expressed in GDM patients and may play a potential role in the development of GDM. The possibility of using circRNAs for the diagnosis of GDM requires additional investigation in future studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-019-0610-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangyu Wu
- Diabetes Research Center, Medical School, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyang Wu
- Diabetes Research Center, Medical School, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingchao Zhu
- Diabetes Research Center, Medical School, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei Ye
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ningbo University Medical Center Lihuili Eastern Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 1111 Jiangnan Road, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ningbo University Medical Center Lihuili Eastern Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 1111 Jiangnan Road, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ningbo University Medical Center Lihuili Eastern Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 1111 Jiangnan Road, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yisheng Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ningbo University Medical Center Lihuili Eastern Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 1111 Jiangnan Road, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shizhong Bu
- Diabetes Research Center, Medical School, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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245
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Ou Q, Zhao Y, Zhou J, Wu X. Comprehensive circular RNA expression profiles in a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2636-2648. [PMID: 30720095 PMCID: PMC6423634 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the development of various liver diseases. However, the regulatory role of circRNAs in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, the circRNA profiles in a NASH mouse model were investigated, and their functions in NASH were predicted using bioinformatics analysis, with the aim of providing novel clues for delineating the mechanisms of action. A NASH mouse model was established by feeding mice with a methionine and choline‑deficient diet. The liver circRNA profile was screened using a circRNA microarray, and the differentially expressed circRNAs were verified by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Subsequently, circRNA‑microRNA (miRNA) interactions were predicted. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to annotate the biological functions of host linear transcripts of circRNA. A total of 450 circRNAs were revealed to be dysregulated, with 298 circRNAs upregulated and 152 circRNAs downregulated in the NASH model mice. circRNA_29981 was identified as a significantly differentially expressed circRNA. The results from the circRNA‑miRNA pathway interaction analysis revealed that circRNA_29981 was a potential regulator of hepatic stellate cell activation. The host linear transcripts were also analyzed, and the top 10 enriched GO entries and KEGG pathways were annotated. These findings suggested that circRNAs may be important regulators of NASH. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that the circRNA profile in NASH may provide potential candidates for future studies aimed at elucidating the pathogenic mechanism(s) involved in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ou
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Eighth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200235, P.R. China
| | - Yajuan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200235, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Central Laboratory of The Eighth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200235, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Central Laboratory of The Eighth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200235, P.R. China
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247
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Zhang ZB, Tan YX, Zhao Q, Xiong LL, Liu J, Xu FF, Xu Y, Bobrovskaya L, Zhou XF, Wang TH. miRNA-7a-2-3p Inhibits Neuronal Apoptosis in Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation (OGD) Model. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:16. [PMID: 30728764 PMCID: PMC6351497 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal apoptosis is a major pathological hallmark of the neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD); however, the role of miR-7a-2-3p in the regulation of HIBD remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible roles of miR-7a-2-3p in brain injury using a hypoxia-ischemia model in rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model in vitro. Firstly, we established the hypoxia-ischemia (HI) model and verified the model using Zea Longa scores and MRI in rats. Next, the changes of miR-7a-2-3p were screened in the ischemic cortex of neonatal rats by qRT-PCR at 12, 48, and 96 h after HIBD. We have found that the expression of miR-7a-2-3p in the HI rats decreased significantly, compared with the sham group (P < 0.01). Then, we established the OGD model in PC12 cells, SH-SY5Y cells and primary cortical neurons in vitro and qRT-PCR was used to confirm the changes of miR-7a-2-3p in these cells after the OGD. In order to determine the function of miR-7a-2-3p, PC12 cells, SH-SY5Y cells and rat primary cortical neurons were randomly divided into normal, OGD, mimic negative control (mimic-NC) and miR-7a-2-3p groups. Then, Tuj1+ (neuronal marker) staining, TUNEL assay (to detect apoptotic cells) and MTT assay (to investigate cell viability) were performed. We have found that the number of PC12 cells, SH-SY5Y cells and cortical neurons in the miR-7a-2-3p groups increased significantly (P < 0.01) in comparison to the OGD groups. The survival of cortical neurons in the miR-7a-2-3p group was improved markedly (P < 0.01), while the apoptosis of neurons in the miR-7a-2-3p group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), compared with the normal group. Lastly, we investigated the target genes of miR-7a-2-3p by using the prediction databases (miRDB, TargetScan, miRWalk, and miRmap) and verified the target genes with qRT-PCR in the HI rats. Bioinformatics prediction showed that Vimentin (VIM), pleiomorphic adenoma gene 1(PLAG1), dual specificity phosphatase 10 (DUSP10), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 (NQO1) and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B (TNFRSF1B) might be the targets of miR-7a-2-3p and the qRT-PCR confirmed that VIM increased in the HI rats (P < 0.01). In conclusion, miR-7a-2-3p plays a crucial role in the hypoxic-ischemic injury, and is associated with regulation of VIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Bin Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ya-Xin Tan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liu-Lin Xiong
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fei-Fei Xu
- Institute of Neurological Diseases, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Institute of Neurological Diseases, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Larisa Bobrovskaya
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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248
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Zhou ZB, Huang GX, Fu Q, Han B, Lu JJ, Chen AM, Zhu L. circRNA.33186 Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis by Sponging miR-127-5p. Mol Ther 2019; 27:531-541. [PMID: 30692016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent age-related joint disorder, is characterized by chronic inflammation, progressive articular cartilage destruction, and subchondral bone sclerosis. Accumulating evidences indicate that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a critical role in various diseases, but the function of circRNAs in OA remains largely unknown. Here we showed that circRNA.33186 was significantly upregulated in IL-1β)-treated chondrocytes and in cartilage tissues of a destabilized medial meniscus (DMM)-induced OA mouse model. Knockdown of circRNA.33186 increased anabolic factor (type II collagen) expression and decreased catabolic factor (MMP-13) expression. Knockdown of circRNA.33186 also promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. Silencing of circRNA.33186 in vivo markedly alleviated DMM-induced OA. Mechanistic study showed that circRNA.33186 directly binds to and inhibits miR-127-5p, thereby increasing MMP-13 expression, and contributes to OA pathogenesis. Taken together, our findings demonstrated a fundamental role of circRNA.33186 in OA progression and provide a potential drug target in OA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Gao-Xiang Huang
- Department of Pathology, No.924 (No.181) Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Guilin, Guangxi, 541002, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Jia-Jia Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Ai-Min Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
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249
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Circular RNAs as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Metabolic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1134:177-191. [PMID: 30919338 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12668-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies provide evidence of a continuous rise in metabolic diseases throughout industrialized countries. Metabolic diseases are commonly associated with different abnormalities that hold a key role in the emergence and progression of frequent disorders including diabetes mellitus (DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. The burden of metabolic diseases is believed to arise through complex interaction between genetic and epigenetic factors, lifestyle changes and environmental exposure to triggering stimuli. The diagnosis and treatment of metabolic disorders continue to be an overwhelming challenge. Thus, the development of novel biomarkers may enhance the accuracy of the diagnosis at an early stage of the disease and allow effective intervention. Over the past decade, progress has been made in exploring the potential role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the regulation of gene networks involved in metabolic diseases. A growing body of evidence now suggests that aberrant expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) is relevant to the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases. Accordingly, circRNAs are proposed as predictive biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for these diseases. As the field of circRNAs is rapidly evolving and knowledge is increasing, the present paper provides current understanding of the regulatory roles of these RNA species mainly in the pathogenesis of DM, NAFLD and obesity. Furthermore, some of the limitations to the promise of circRNAs and perspectives on their future research are discussed.
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250
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Tabatabaiefar MA, Sajjadi RS, Narrei S. Epigenetics and Common Non Communicable Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1121:7-20. [PMID: 31392648 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-10616-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Common Non communicable diseases (NCDs), such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, schizophrenia, and diabetes, have become the major cause of death in the world. They result from an interaction between genetics, lifestyle and environmental factors. The prevalence of NCDs are increasing, and researchers hopes to find efficient strategies to predict, prevent and treat them. Given the role of epigenome in the etiology of NCDs, insight into epigenetic mechanisms may offer opportunities to predict, detect, and prevent disease long before its clinical onset.Epigenetic alterations are exerted through several mechanisms including: chromatin modification, DNA methylation and controlling gene expression by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). In this chapter, we will discuss about NCDs, with focus on cancer, diabetes and schizophrenia. Different epigenetic mechanisms, categorized into two main groups DNA methylation and chromatin modifications and non-coding RNAs, will be separately discussed for these NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. .,Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. .,Genetics Department, Erythron Pathobiology and Genetics lab, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Roshanak S Sajjadi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sina Narrei
- Genetics Department, Erythron Pathobiology and Genetics lab, Isfahan, Iran
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