201
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Wei Q, Arami H, Santos HA, Zhang H, Li Y, He J, Zhong D, Ling D, Zhou M. Intraoperative Assessment and Photothermal Ablation of the Tumor Margins Using Gold Nanoparticles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2002788. [PMID: 33717843 PMCID: PMC7927626 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Surgical resection is commonly used for therapeutic management of different solid tumors and is regarded as a primary standard of care procedure, but precise localization of tumor margins is a major intraoperative challenge. Herein, a generalized method by optimizing gold nanoparticles for intraoperative detection and photothermal ablation of tumor margins is introduced. These nanoparticles are detectable by highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering imaging. This non-invasive technique assists in delineating the two surgically challenged tumors in live mice with orthotopic colon or ovarian tumors. Any remaining residual tumors are also ablated by using post-surgical adjuvant photothermaltherapy (aPTT), which results in microscale heat generation due to interaction of these nanoparticles with near-infrared laser. Ablation of these post-operative residual micro-tumors prolongs the survival of mice significantly and delays tumor recurrence by 15 days. To validate clinical translatability of this method, the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, Raman contrast, aPTT efficiency, and toxicity of these nanoparticles are also investigated. The nanoparticles have long blood circulation time (≈24 h), high tumor accumulation (4.87 ± 1.73%ID g-1) and no toxicity. This high-resolution and sensitive intraoperative approach is versatile and can be potentially used for targeted ablation of residual tumor after resection within different organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaolin Wei
- The Fourth Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineYiwu322000P. R. China
- Institute of Translational MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical InstrumentationsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
| | - Hamed Arami
- Molecular Imaging Program at StanfordDepartment of RadiologyStanford UniversityStanfordCA94305‐5427USA
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Drug Research ProgramDivision of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and TechnologyFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE)University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Science LaboratoryÅbo Akademi UniversityTurku20520Finland
| | - Yangyang Li
- Institute of Translational MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009P. R. China
| | - Jian He
- Institute of Translational MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009P. R. China
| | - Danni Zhong
- Institute of Translational MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009P. R. China
| | - Daishun Ling
- Institute of PharmaceuticsCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- The Fourth Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineYiwu322000P. R. China
- Institute of Translational MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical InstrumentationsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and InterventionNational Ministry of Education Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009P. R. China
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202
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Tekin V, Aweda T, Kozgus Guldu O, Biber Muftuler FZ, Bartels J, Lapi SE, Unak P. A novel anti-angiogenic radio/photo sensitizer for prostate cancer imaging and therapy: 89Zr-Pt@TiO 2-SPHINX, synthesis and in vitro evaluation. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 94-95:20-31. [PMID: 33482596 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy and leading cause of cancer deaths in men. Thus, the development of novel strategies for performing combined prostate cancer imaging and therapy methods is crucial and could have a significant impact on patient care. This current study aimed to design a multimodality nanoconjugate to be used for both PET and optical imaging and as a therapeutic radio/photo sensitizer and anti-angiogenesis agent. Initial characterization of this novel nanoconjugate was performed via HPLC, FTIR, TEM and DLS analyses. Pt@TiO2-SPHINX was further evaluated using fluorometric and radiochromatographic methods. Cytotoxicity, cell uptake and internalization were also investigated as well as therapy with photodynamic/radio therapy combinations. Both nanoparticles and nanoconjugates were robustly synthesized according to literature methods. Radiochemistry and cell culture assays showed high 89Zr radiolabeling efficiency with sufficient stability for studies at later time points. Pt@TiO2-SPHINX was shown to target prostate cancer cells (PC3 and LNCaP), and was non-toxic to normal prostate cells (RWPE-1). This finding was supported by the WST-8 assay and AFM images. The uptake of the compound in prostate cancer cells is significantly higher than prostate normal cells and according to ELISA results, Pt@TiO2-SPHINX can increase anti-angiogenic VEGFA165b. Additionally, Pt@TiO2-SPHINX dramatically decreased the cell viability of prostate cancer cells when photodynamic and radio therapy were performed at the same time. In vitro results are promising for future studies of Pt@TiO2-SPHINX as a PET imaging agent and anti-angiogenic radio sensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Tekin
- Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Tolulope Aweda
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | | | | | - Jennifer Bartels
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Suzanne E Lapi
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Perihan Unak
- Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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203
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Al-Kattan A, Tselikov G, Metwally K, Popov AA, Mensah S, Kabashin AV. Laser Ablation-Assisted Synthesis of Plasmonic Si@Au Core-Satellite Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:592. [PMID: 33652885 PMCID: PMC7996915 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Owing to strong plasmonic absorption and excellent biocompatibility, gold nanostructures are among best candidates for photoacoustic bioimaging and photothermal therapy, but such applications require ultrapure Au-based nanoformulations of complex geometry (core-shells, nanorods) in order to shift the absorption band toward the region of relative tissue transparency (650-1000 nm). Here, we present a methodology for the fabrication of Si@Au core-satellite nanostructures, comprising of a Si core covered with small Au nanoparticles (NP), based on laser ablative synthesis of Si and Au NPs in water/ethanol solutions, followed by a chemical modification of the Si NPs by 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) and their subsequent decoration by the Au NPs. We show that the formed core-satellites have a red-shifted plasmonic absorption feature compared to that of pure Au NPs (520 nm), with the position of the peak depending on APTMS amount, water-ethanol solvent percentage and Si-Au volume ratio. As an example, even relatively small 40-nm core-satellites (34 nm Si core + 4 nm Au shell) provided a much red shifted peak centered around 610 nm and having a large tail over 700 nm. The generation of the plasmonic peak is confirmed by modeling of Si@Au core-shells of relevant parameters via Mie theory. Being relatively small and exempt of any toxic impurity due to ultraclean laser synthesis, the Si@Au core-satellites promise a major advancement of imaging and phototherapy modalities based on plasmonic properties of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Kattan
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, LP3, Campus de Luminy, 13013 Marseille, France; (G.T.); (A.A.P.)
| | - Gleb Tselikov
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, LP3, Campus de Luminy, 13013 Marseille, France; (G.T.); (A.A.P.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Khaled Metwally
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, LMA, 13013 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (S.M.)
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Institut Fresnel, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Anton A. Popov
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, LP3, Campus de Luminy, 13013 Marseille, France; (G.T.); (A.A.P.)
- MEPhI, Bio-Nanophotonics Laboratory, Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), 31 Kashirskoe sh., 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Serge Mensah
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, LMA, 13013 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Andrei V. Kabashin
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, LP3, Campus de Luminy, 13013 Marseille, France; (G.T.); (A.A.P.)
- MEPhI, Bio-Nanophotonics Laboratory, Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), 31 Kashirskoe sh., 115409 Moscow, Russia
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204
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Preparation, Functionalization, Modification, and Applications of Nanostructured Gold: A Critical Review. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14051278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) play a significant role in science and technology because of their unique size, shape, properties and broad range of potential applications. This review focuses on the various approaches employed for the synthesis, modification and functionalization of nanostructured Au. The potential catalytic applications and their enhancement upon modification of Au nanostructures have also been discussed in detail. The present analysis also offers brief summaries of the major Au nanomaterials synthetic procedures, such as hydrothermal, solvothermal, sol-gel, direct oxidation, chemical vapor deposition, sonochemical deposition, electrochemical deposition, microwave and laser pyrolysis. Among the various strategies used for improving the catalytic performance of nanostructured Au, the modification and functionalization of nanostructured Au produced better results. Therefore, various synthesis, modification and functionalization methods employed for better catalytic outcomes of nanostructured Au have been summarized in this review.
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205
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Nguyen HTM, Katta N, Widman JA, Takematsu E, Feng X, Torres-Hurtado SA, Betancourt T, Baker AB, Suggs LJ, Milner TE, Tunnell JW. Laser nanobubbles induce immunogenic cell death in breast cancer. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:3644-3653. [PMID: 33538275 PMCID: PMC8710258 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06587k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in immunotherapy have highlighted a need for therapeutics that initiate immunogenic cell death in tumors to stimulate the body's immune response to cancer. This study examines whether laser-generated bubbles surrounding nanoparticles ("nanobubbles") induce an immunogenic response for cancer treatment. A single nanosecond laser pulse at 1064 nm generates micron-sized bubbles surrounding gold nanorods in the cytoplasm of breast cancer cells. Cell death occurred in cells treated with nanorods and irradiated, but not in cells with irradiation treatment alone. Cells treated with nanorods and irradiation had increased damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), including increased expression of chaperone proteins human high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). This enhanced expression of DAMPs led to the activation of dendritic cells. Overall, this treatment approach is a rapid and highly specific method to eradicate tumor cells with simultaneous immunogenic cell death signaling, showing potential as a combination strategy for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieu T M Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA.
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206
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Mahdi WA, Hussain A, Ramzan M, Faruk A, Bukhari SI, Dev A. Pluronic-Coated Biogenic Gold Nanoparticles for Colon Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil: In vitro and Ex vivo Studies. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:64. [PMID: 33533992 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01922-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to prepare 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-loaded biogenic gold nanoparticles with pluronic-based coating (PFGNPs), their optimization (full factorial predicted OBPN-1) and in vitro-ex vivo evaluation. Several formulations were prepared, selected for optimization using Design Expert®, and compared for morphology, 5-FU release kinetics, compatibility, cell line toxicity, in vitro hemocompatibility, and ex vivo intestinal permeation across the rat duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The pluronic-coated 5-FU-carrying GNPs were spherical, 29.11-178.21 nm in diameter, with a polydispersity index (PDI) range of 0.191-292, and a zeta potential (ZP) range of 11.19-29.21 (-mV). The optimized OBPN-1 (desirability = 0.95) demonstrated optimum size (175.1 nm), %DL as 73.8%, ZP as 21.7 mV, % drug release (DR) as 75.7%, and greater cytotoxicity (viability ~ 8.9%) against the colon cancer cell lines than 5-FU solution (~ 24.91%), and less hemocompatibility. Moreover, OBPN-1 exhibited 4.5-fold permeation across the rat jejunum compared with 5-FU solution. Thus, the PFGNPs exhibit high DL capacity, sustained delivery, hemocompatibility, improved efficacy, and enhanced permeation profiles compared with 5-FU solution and several other NPs preparations suggesting it is a promising formulation for effective colon cancer control with reduced side effects.
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207
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Im NR, Yang TD, Park K, Lee JH, Lee J, Hyuck Kim Y, Lee JS, Kim B, Jung KY, Choi Y, Baek SK. Application of M1 macrophage as a live vector in delivering nanoparticles for in vivo photothermal treatment. J Adv Res 2021; 31:155-163. [PMID: 34194839 PMCID: PMC8240114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction To enhance photothermal treatment (PTT) efficiency, a delivery method that uses cell vector for nanoparticles (NPs) delivery has drawn attention and studied widely in recent years. Objectives In this study, we demonstrated the feasibility of M1 activated macrophage as a live vector for delivering NPs and investigated the effect of NPs loaded M1 stimulated by Lipopolysaccharide on PTT efficiency in vivo. Methods M1 was used as a live vector for delivering NPs and further to investigate the effect of NPs loaded M1 on PTT efficiency. Non-activated macrophage (MФ) was stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into M1 and assessed for tumor cell phagocytic capacity towards NPs Results We found M1 exhibited a 20-fold higher uptake capacity of NPs per cell volume and 2.9-fold more active infiltration into the tumor site, compared with non-activated macrophage MФ. We injected M1 cells peritumorally and observed that these cells penetrated into the tumor mass within 12 h. Then, we conducted PTT using irradiation of a near-infrared laser for 1 min at 1 W/cm2. As a result, we confirmed that using M1 as an active live vector led to a more rapid reduction in tumor size within 1 day indicating that the efficacy of PTT with NPs-loaded M1 is higher than that with NPs-loaded MФ. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the potential role of M1 as a live vector for enhancing the feasibility of PTT in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nu-Ri Im
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Taeseok Daniel Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Kwanjun Park
- Department of Bioengineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Jang-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Jonghwan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Yoon Hyuck Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Byoungjae Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea.,Department of Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Yoon Jung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Youngwoon Choi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea.,Department of Bioengineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Seung-Kuk Baek
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
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208
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Asadi S, Bianchi L, De Landro M, Korganbayev S, Schena E, Saccomandi P. Laser-induced optothermal response of gold nanoparticles: From a physical viewpoint to cancer treatment application. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202000161. [PMID: 32761778 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs)-based photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising minimally invasive thermal therapy for the treatment of focal malignancies. Although GNPs-based PTT has been known for over two decades and GNPs possess unique properties as therapeutic agents, the delivery of a safe and effective therapy is still an open question. This review aims at providing relevant and recent information on the usage of GNPs in combination with the laser to treat cancers, pointing out the practical aspects that bear on the therapy outcome. Emphasis is given to the assessment of the GNPs' properties and the physical mechanisms underlying the laser-induced heat generation in GNPs-loaded tissues. The main techniques available for temperature measurement and the current theoretical simulation approaches predicting the therapeutic outcome are reviewed. Topical challenges in delivering safe thermal dosage are also presented with the aim to discuss the state-of-the-art and the future perspective in the field of GNPs-mediated PTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Asadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bianchi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina De Landro
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Emiliano Schena
- Laboratory of Measurement and Biomedical Instrumentation, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Saccomandi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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209
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Gschwend PM, Hintze JM, Herrmann IK, Pratsinis SE, Starsich FHL. Precision in Thermal Therapy: Clinical Requirements and Solutions from Nanotechnology. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal M. Gschwend
- Particle Technology Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH Zurich Sonneggstrasse 3 Zurich CH‐8092 Switzerland
| | - Justin M. Hintze
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland 123 St Stephen's Green, Saint Peter's Dublin 2 D02 YN77 Ireland
| | - Inge K. Herrmann
- Particles‐Biology Interactions Department Materials Meet Life Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 St. Gallen CH‐9014 Switzerland
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH Zurich Sonneggstrasse 3 Zurich CH‐8092 Switzerland
| | - Sotiris E. Pratsinis
- Particle Technology Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH Zurich Sonneggstrasse 3 Zurich CH‐8092 Switzerland
| | - Fabian H. L. Starsich
- Particles‐Biology Interactions Department Materials Meet Life Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 St. Gallen CH‐9014 Switzerland
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH Zurich Sonneggstrasse 3 Zurich CH‐8092 Switzerland
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210
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Ling C, Wang X, Shen Y. Advances in Hollow Inorganic Nanomedicines for Photothermal-Based Therapies. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:493-513. [PMID: 33519198 PMCID: PMC7837554 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s285115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has prompted the development of hollow inorganic nanomedicine. These medicines are now widely investigated as photothermal-based therapies for various diseases due to their high loading capacity, tuneable wavelength, relatively small size and low density. We begin this review with a brief introduction, followed by a summary of the development of imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) for cancer treatment during the last three years (from 2017 to 2020). We then introduce the antibacterial effects of these medicines on some bacterial infections, in which the pathogenic bacteria can be killed by mild photothermal effects, ions and antibiotic release. Other diseases can also be treated using hollow inorganic photothermal agents. Specifically, we discuss the use of PTT for treating Alzheimer's disease, obesity and endometriosis. Finally, we share our perspectives on the current challenges and future prospects of using hollow inorganic materials in clinical PTT for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ling
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, People's Republic of China
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211
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Labouta HI, Hooshmand N, Upreti T, El-Sayed MA. Localized Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy as a Life-saving Treatment Paradigm for Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients. PLASMONICS (NORWELL, MASS.) 2021; 16:1029-1033. [PMID: 33495692 PMCID: PMC7815498 DOI: 10.1007/s11468-020-01353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Lung failure is the main reason for mortality in COVID-19 patients, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To date, no drug has been clinically approved for treatment of COVID-19. Nanotechnology has a great potential in contributing significantly to the fight against COVID-19 by developing effective therapies that can selectively eradicate the respiratory virus load. We propose a novel COVID-19 management approach that is efficient in eliminating the virus load from the airways and protecting the lungs from the fatal effects of the virus. This approach relies on targeting the virus using ACE-2-functionalized gold nanorods (AuNRs) followed by irradiation with near-infrared (NIR) light for the selective eradication of SARS-CoV-2 without off-target effects, i.e., targeted plasmonic photothermal therapy. Using discrete dipole approximation (DDA), we quantitatively determined the efficiency of AuNRs (31 nm × 8 nm) in absorbing NIR when present at different orientations relative to one another on the surface of the virus. The safety and the local administration of AuNRs using a well-tolerated flexible bronchoscopy technique, commonly used for hospitalized COVID-19 patients, ensure feasibility and clinical translation. While requiring further research, we anticipate this approach to result in a first-line treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients that are experiencing severe respiratory conditions or belong to a high-risk population, e.g., seniors and diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagar I. Labouta
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Alexandria , Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nasrin Hooshmand
- Laser Dynamics Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Tushar Upreti
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
| | - Mostafa A. El-Sayed
- Laser Dynamics Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA USA
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212
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Mochizuki C, Nakamura J, Nakamura M. Development of Non-Porous Silica Nanoparticles towards Cancer Photo-Theranostics. Biomedicines 2021; 9:73. [PMID: 33451074 PMCID: PMC7828543 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles have demonstrated several advantages for biomedical applications, including for the development of multifunctional agents as innovative medicine. Silica nanoparticles hold a special position among the various types of functional nanoparticles, due to their unique structural and functional properties. The recent development of silica nanoparticles has led to a new trend in light-based nanomedicines. The application of light provides many advantages for in vivo imaging and therapy of certain diseases, including cancer. Mesoporous and non-porous silica nanoparticles have high potential for light-based nanomedicine. Each silica nanoparticle has a unique structure, which incorporates various functions to utilize optical properties. Such advantages enable silica nanoparticles to perform powerful and advanced optical imaging, from the in vivo level to the nano and micro levels, using not only visible light but also near-infrared light. Furthermore, applications such as photodynamic therapy, in which a lesion site is specifically irradiated with light to treat it, have also been advancing. Silica nanoparticles have shown the potential to play important roles in the integration of light-based diagnostics and therapeutics, termed "photo-theranostics". Here, we review the recent development and progress of non-porous silica nanoparticles toward cancer "photo-theranostics".
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Mochizuki
- Department of Organ Anatomy & Nanomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan; (C.M.); (J.N.)
- Core Clusters for Research Initiatives of Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Junna Nakamura
- Department of Organ Anatomy & Nanomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan; (C.M.); (J.N.)
- Core Clusters for Research Initiatives of Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Michihiro Nakamura
- Department of Organ Anatomy & Nanomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan; (C.M.); (J.N.)
- Core Clusters for Research Initiatives of Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
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213
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Rodrigues HF, Capistrano G, Bakuzis AF. In vivo magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia: a review on preclinical studies, low-field nano-heaters, noninvasive thermometry and computer simulations for treatment planning. Int J Hyperthermia 2021; 37:76-99. [PMID: 33426989 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2020.1800831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia (MNH) is a promising nanotechnology-based cancer thermal therapy that has been approved for clinical use, together with radiation therapy, for treating brain tumors. Almost ten years after approval, few new clinical applications had appeared, perhaps because it cannot benefit from the gold standard noninvasive MRI thermometry technique, since static magnetic fields inhibit heat generation. This might limit its clinical use, in particular as a single therapeutic modality. In this article, we review the in vivo MNH preclinical studies, discussing results of the last two decades with emphasis on safety as a clinical criteria, the need for low-field nano-heaters and noninvasive thermal dosimetry, and the state of the art of computational modeling for treatment planning using MNH. Limitations to more effective clinical use are discussed, together with suggestions for future directions, such as the development of ultrasound-based, computed tomography-based or magnetic nanoparticle-based thermometry to achieve greater impact on clinical translation of MNH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harley F Rodrigues
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil.,Curso de Licenciatura em Física, Instituto Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil
| | - Gustavo Capistrano
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil.,Campus Fronteira Oeste, Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso, Pontes e Lacerda, Brasil
| | - Andris F Bakuzis
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil
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214
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Zafar M, Ijaz M, Iqbal T. Efficient Au nanostructures for NIR-responsive controlled drug delivery systems. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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215
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Zhang Y, Jiang C. Postoperative cancer treatments: In-situ delivery system designed on demand. J Control Release 2021; 330:554-564. [PMID: 33359583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The keys to the prevention of tumor recurrence after operation are the elimination of residual tumor cells and the reversal of microenvironments that induce recurrence. In the formulation of a treatment scheme, building an appropriate drug delivery system is essential. An in-situ drug delivery system (ISDDS) is regarded as an effective treatment route for postoperative use that increases drug delivery efficiency and mitigates side-effects. ISDDS technology has been considerably improved through a clearer understanding of the mechanisms of postoperative recurrence and the development of drug delivery materials. This paper describes the initiation and characteristics of postoperative recurrence mechanisms. Based on this information, design principles for ISDDS are proposed, and a variety of practical drug delivery systems that fulfil specific therapeutic needs are presented. Challenges and future opportunities related to the application of in-situ drug carriers for inhibiting cancer recurrence are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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216
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Nanoparticle-Mediated Heating: A Theoretical Study for Photothermal Treatment and Photo Immunotherapy. Bioanalysis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78338-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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217
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Müller MM, Kosik M, Pelc M, Bryant GW, Ayuela A, Rockstuhl C, Słowik K. From single-particle-like to interaction-mediated plasmonic resonances in graphene nanoantennas. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 2021; 129:10.1063/5.0038883. [PMID: 36575704 PMCID: PMC9791988 DOI: 10.1063/5.0038883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures attract tremendous attention as they confine electromagnetic fields well below the diffraction limit while simultaneously sustaining extreme local field enhancements. To fully exploit these properties, the identification and classification of resonances in such nanostructures is crucial. Recently, a novel figure of merit for resonance classification has been proposed1 and its applicability was demonstrated mostly to toy model systems. This novel measure, the energy-based plasmonicity index (EPI), characterizes the nature of resonances in molecular nanostructures. The EPI distinguishes between either a single-particle-like or a plasmonic nature of resonances based on the energy space coherence dynamics of the excitation. To advance the further development of this newly established measure, we present here its exemplary application to characterize the resonances of graphene nanoantennas. In particular, we focus on resonances in a doped nanoantenna. The structure is of interest, as a consideration of the electron dynamics in real space might suggest a plasmonic nature of selected resonances in the low doping limit but our analysis reveals the opposite. We find that in the undoped and moderately doped nanoantenna, the EPI classifies all emerging resonances as predominantly single-particle-like and only after doping the structure heavily, the EPI observes plasmonic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin M. Müller
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Miriam Kosik
- Institute of Physics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Marta Pelc
- Institute of Physics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales, CFM-MPC CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Garnett W. Bryant
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Andrés Ayuela
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales, CFM-MPC CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Carsten Rockstuhl
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Karolina Słowik
- Institute of Physics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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218
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Yue Y, Zhao X. Melanin-Like Nanomedicine in Photothermal Therapy Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E399. [PMID: 33401518 PMCID: PMC7795111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) mediated by nanomaterial has become an attractive tumor treatment method due to its obvious advantages. Among various nanomaterials, melanin-like nanoparticles with nature biocompatibility and photothermal conversion properties have attracted more and more attention. Melanin is a natural biological macromolecule widely distributed in the body and displays many fascinating physicochemical properties such as excellent biocompatibility and prominent photothermal conversion ability. Due to the similar properties, Melanin-like nanoparticles have been extensively studied and become promising candidates for clinical application. In this review, we give a comprehensive introduction to the recent advancements of melanin-like nanoparticles in the field of photothermal therapy in the past decade. In this review, the synthesis pathway, internal mechanism and basic physical and chemical properties of melanin-like nanomaterials are systematically classified and evaluated. It also summarizes the application of melanin-like nanoparticles in bioimaging and tumor photothermal therapy (PTT)in detail and discussed the challenges they faced in clinical translation rationally. Overall, melanin-like nanoparticles still have significant room for development in the field of biomedicine and are expected to applied in clinical PTT in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yale Yue
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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219
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Chen X, Zou J, Zhang K, Zhu J, Zhang Y, Zhu Z, Zheng H, Li F, Piao JG. Photothermal/matrix metalloproteinase-2 dual-responsive gelatin nanoparticles for breast cancer treatment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:271-282. [PMID: 33532192 PMCID: PMC7838055 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemotherapy combined with photothermal therapy has been a favorable approach for the treatment of breast cancer. In present study, nanoparticles with the characteristics of photothermal/matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) dual-responsive, tumor targeting, and size-variability were designed for enhancing the antitumor efficacy and achieving "on-demand" drug release markedly. Based on the thermal sensitivity of gelatin, we designed a size-variable gelatin nanoparticle (GNP) to encapsulate indocyanine green (ICG) and doxorubicin (DOX). Under an 808 nm laser irradiation, GNP-DOX/ICG responded photothermally and swelled in size from 71.58 ± 4.28 to 160.80 ± 9.51 nm, which was beneficial for particle retention in the tumor sites and release of the loaded therapeutics. Additionally, GNP-DOX/ICG showed a size reduction of the particles to 33.24 ± 4.11 nm and further improved drug release with the degradation of overexpressed MMP-2 in tumor. In the subsequently performed in vitro experiments, it was confirmed that GNP-DOX/ICG could provide a therapeutic effect that was enhanced and synergistic. Consequently, GNP-DOX/ICG could efficiently suppress the growth of 4T1 tumor in vivo. In conclusion, this study may provide a promising strategy in the rational design of drug delivery nanosystems based on gelatin for chemo-photothermal therapy to achieve synergistically enhanced therapeutic efficacy against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jiafeng Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Zhihong Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Hongyue Zheng
- Libraries of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Fanzhu Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Ji-Gang Piao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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220
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221
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Vo-Dinh T. The New Frontier in Medicine at the Convergence of Nanotechnology and Immunotherapy. Bioanalysis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78338-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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222
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Chang M, Hou Z, Wang M, Li C, Lin J. Recent Advances in Hyperthermia Therapy-Based Synergistic Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004788. [PMID: 33289219 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed hyperthermia therapy (HTT) as an emerging strategy against malignant tumors. Nanomaterial-based photothermal therapy (PTT) and magnetic hyperthermia (MHT), as highly effective and noninvasive treatment models, offer advantages over other strategies in the treatment of different types of tumors. However, both PTT and MHT cannot completely cure cancer due to recurrence and distal metastasis. In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has attracted widespread attention owing to its capability to activate the body's own natural defense to identify, attack, and eradicate cancer cells. Significant efforts have been devoted to studying the activated immune responses caused by hyperthermia-ablated tumors. In this article, the synergistic mechanism of HTT in immunotherapy, including immunogenic cell death and reversal of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment is discussed. The reports of the combination of HTT or HTT-based multimodal therapy with immunotherapy, including immunoadjuvant exploitation, immune checkpoint blockade therapy, and adoptive cellular immunotherapy are summarized. As highlighted, these strategies could achieve synergistically enhanced therapeutic outcomes against both primary tumors and metastatic lesions, prevent cancer recurrence, and prolong the survival period. Finally, current challenges and prospective developments in HTT-synergized immunotherapy are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Sciences and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyao Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, 511436, P. R. China
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, P. R. China
| | - Man Wang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Sciences and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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223
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Katoozi D, Clayton AHA, Moss DJ, Chon JWM. Uptake quantification of gold nanoparticles inside of cancer cells using high order image correlation spectroscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:539-552. [PMID: 33659088 PMCID: PMC7899503 DOI: 10.1364/boe.417321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The application of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in cancer therapeutics and diagnostics has recently reached a clinical level. Functional use of the AuNP in theranostics first requires effective uptake into the cells, but accurate quantification of AuNPs cellular uptake in real-time is still a challenge due to the destructive nature of existing characterization methods. The optical imaging-based quantification method is highly desirable. Here, we propose the use of high-order image correlation spectroscopy (HICS) as an optical imaging-based nanoparticle quantification technique. Coupled with dark field microscopy (DFM), a non-destructive and easy quantification method could be achieved. We demonstrate HICS analysis on 80 nm AuNPs coated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) uptake in HeLa cells to calculate the percentage of aggregate species (dimer) in the total uptake and their relative scattering quantum yield inside the cells, the details of which are not available with other quantification techniques. The total particle uptake kinetics measured were in a reasonable agreement with the literature.
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224
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Horny MC, Dupuis V, Siaugue JM, Gamby J. Release and Detection of microRNA by Combining Magnetic Hyperthermia and Electrochemistry Modules on a Microfluidic Chip. SENSORS 2020; 21:s21010185. [PMID: 33383936 PMCID: PMC7796339 DOI: 10.3390/s21010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The heating of a biologic solution is a crucial part in an amplification process such as the catalytic detection of a biological target. However, in many situations, heating must be limited in microfluidic devices, as high temperatures can cause the denaturation of the chip components. Local heating through magnetic hyperthermia on magnetic nano-objects has opened the doors to numerous improvements, such as for oncology where a reduced heating allows the synergy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy. Here we report on the design and implementation of a lab on chip without global heating of samples. It takes advantage of the extreme efficiency of DNA-modified superparamagnetic core-shell nanoparticles to capture complementary sequences (microRNA-target), uses magnetic hyperthermia to locally release these targets, and detects them through electrochemical techniques using ultra-sensitive channel DNA-modified ultramicroelectrodes. The combination of magnetic hyperthermia and microfluidics coupled with on-chip electrochemistry opens the way to a drastic reduction in the time devoted to the steps of extraction, amplification and nucleic acids detection. The originality comes from the design and microfabrication of the microfluidic chip suitable to its insertion in the millimetric gap of toric inductance with a ferrite core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Charlotte Horny
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, 91120 Palaiseau, France;
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physico-Chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France; (V.D.); (J.-M.S.)
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques, LISE, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Dupuis
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physico-Chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France; (V.D.); (J.-M.S.)
| | - Jean-Michel Siaugue
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physico-Chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France; (V.D.); (J.-M.S.)
| | - Jean Gamby
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, 91120 Palaiseau, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-70-27-06-70
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225
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Yang K, Liao Z, Wu Y, Li M, Guo T, Lin J, Li Y, Hu C. Curcumin and Glu-GNPs Induce Radiosensitivity against Breast Cancer Stem-Like Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3189217. [PMID: 33457406 PMCID: PMC7785366 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3189217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells are an important cause of radiotherapy resistance in the clinical treatment of breast cancer patients. How to target breast cancer stem cells is the key to improving the efficacy of breast cancer radiotherapy. We proposed for the first time that curcumin combined with glucose nanogold particles (Glu-GNPs) targeted breast cancer stem cells to reduce radiotherapy resistance, which can significantly enhance the apoptosis level of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer stem-like cells (BCSCs) after radiotherapy and antiproliferation and colony-forming. Under simulated hypoxic conditions, curcumin combined with Glu-GNPs can significantly improve the ROS level of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 mammospheres; reduce the expression of HIF-1α and HSP90, thereby inhibiting the tumor cells' own stress ability; promote the apoptosis of tumor stem cells; and enhance the sensitivity of radiotherapy. The current results indicate that the combination of curcumin and Glu-GNPs has great potential to relieve tumor hypoxia and increase radiosensitivity on BCSCs, providing scientific research data for developing a novel radiosensitizer with high efficiency and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiwei Liao
- Guangzhou Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou 510635, China
| | - Yujian Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiayi Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanwu Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chenxia Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
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226
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Nurakhmetova Z, Tatykhanova G, Kudaibergenov S. Immobilized anticancer agents and metal nanoparticles in a matrix of gellan: achievements and prospects. CHEMICAL BULLETIN OF KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.15328/cb1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A review is devoted to recent achievements in development of anticancer drugs based on natural polysaccharide – gellan that possesses coil-helix conformational transition, sol-gel phase transition, thermo- and salt sensitivity. The characteristics of high- and low-acyl gellan are briefly given and the influence of mono- and multivalent metal ions on the gelation efficiency is described. The mucoadhesive properties of gellan and its modified derivatives are briefly considered in the context of application in pharmacy as oral, buccal, nasal, ophthalmologic, vaginal forms. The main attention is paid to anticancer drugs, gold and silver nanoparticles immobilized within gellan matrix by chemical bonds, physical adsorption and chemosorption. The state-of-the art and perspectives of development of plasmonic photothermal therapy of cancer cells that is one of the promising direction of nanomedicine in diagnosis and treatment of oncological diseases are highlighted. It is outlined that the further strategy of development and application of plasmonic photothermal therapy into clinical practice is due to selection of metal nanoparticles with optimal sizes, high concentration, low cytotoxicity and suitable optical characteristics.
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227
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Costa E, Ferreira-Gonçalves T, Cardoso M, Coelho JMP, Gaspar MM, Faísca P, Ascensão L, Cabrita AS, Reis CP, Figueiredo IV. A Step Forward in Breast Cancer Research: From a Natural-Like Experimental Model to a Preliminary Photothermal Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9681. [PMID: 33353068 PMCID: PMC7765974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies and common causes of cancer death in women. Recent studies suggest that environmental exposures to certain chemicals, such as 7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA), a chemical present in tobacco, may increase the risk of developing breast cancer later in life. The first-line treatments for breast cancer (surgery, chemotherapy or a combination of both) are generally invasive and frequently associated with severe side effects and high comorbidity. Consequently, novel approaches are strongly required to find more natural-like experimental models that better reflect the tumors' etiology, physiopathology and response to treatments, as well as to find more targeted, efficient and minimally invasive treatments. This study proposes the development and an in deep biological characterization of an experimental model using DMBA-tumor-induction in Sprague-Dawley female rats. Moreover, a photothermal therapy approach using a near-infrared laser coupled with gold nanoparticles was preliminarily assessed. The gold nanoparticles were functionalized with Epidermal Growth Factor, and their physicochemical properties and in vitro effects were characterized. DMBA proved to be a very good and selective inductor of breast cancer, with 100% incidence and inducing an average of 4.7 tumors per animal. Epigenetic analysis showed that tumors classified with worst prognosis were hypomethylated. The tumor-induced rats were then subjected to a preliminary treatment using functionalized gold nanoparticles and its activation by laser (650-900 nm). The treatment outcomes presented very promising alterations in terms of tumor histology, confirming the presence of necrosis in most of the cases. Although this study revealed encouraging results as a breast cancer therapy, it is important to define tumor eligibility and specific efficiency criteria to further assess its application in breast cancer treatment on other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Costa
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (E.C.); (I.V.F.)
- Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.); (A.S.C.)
- iMed.ULisboa– Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-G.); (M.M.G.)
- Vasco da Gama Research Group (CIVG), Vasco da Gama University School (EUVG), 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tânia Ferreira-Gonçalves
- iMed.ULisboa– Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-G.); (M.M.G.)
| | - Miguel Cardoso
- Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.); (A.S.C.)
- Dentistry Area, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Biophysics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João M. P. Coelho
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Maria Manuela Gaspar
- iMed.ULisboa– Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-G.); (M.M.G.)
| | - Pedro Faísca
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (ULHT)/IGC, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Lia Ascensão
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Faculdade de Ciências, Campo Grande, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - António S. Cabrita
- Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.); (A.S.C.)
| | - Catarina Pinto Reis
- iMed.ULisboa– Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-G.); (M.M.G.)
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Isabel V. Figueiredo
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (E.C.); (I.V.F.)
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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228
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Misra S, Zhang D, Lu P, Wang H. Thermal stability of self-assembled ordered three-phase Au-BaTiO 3-ZnO nanocomposite thin films via in situ heating in TEM. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:23673-23681. [PMID: 33216070 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06115h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thermal stability of oxide-metal nanocomposites is important for designing practical devices for high temperature applications. Here, we study the thermal stability of the self-assembled ordered three-phase Au-BaTiO3-ZnO nanocomposite by both ex situ annealing under air and vacuum conditions, and by in situ heating in TEM in a vacuum. The study reveals that the variation of the annealing conditions greatly affects the resulting microstructure and the associated dominant diffusion mechanism. Specifically, Au nanoparticles show coarsening upon air annealing, while Au and Zn either form a solid solution, with Zn atomic percentage less than 10%, or undergo a reverse Vapor-Liquid-Solid (VLS) mechanism upon vacuum annealing. The distinct microstructures obtained also show different permittivity response in the visible and near-infrared region, while retaining their hyperbolic dispersion characteristics enabled by their highly anisotropic structures. Such in situ heating study in TEM provides critical information about microstructure evolution, growth mechanisms at the nanoscale, and thermal stability of the multi-phase nanocomposites for future electronic device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikhar Misra
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
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229
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Yasun E, Gandhi S, Choudhury S, Mohammadinejad R, Benyettou F, Gozubenli N, Arami H. Hollow micro and nanostructures for therapeutic and imaging applications. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020; 60:102094. [PMID: 34335877 PMCID: PMC8320649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hollow particles have been extensively used in bioanalytical and biomedical applications for almost two decades due to their unique and tunable optoelectronic properties as well as their significantly high loading capacities. These intrinsic properties led them to be used in various bioimaging applications as contrast agents, controlled delivery (i.e. drugs, nucleic acids and other biomolecules) platforms and photon-triggered therapies (e.g. photothermal and photodynamic therapies). Since recent studies showed that imaging-guided targeted therapeutics have higher success rates, multimodal theranostic platforms (combination of one or more therapy and diagnosis modality) have been employed more often and hollow particles (i.e. nanoshells) have been one of the most efficient candidates to be used in multiple-purpose platforms, owing to their intrinsic properties that enable synergistic multimodal performance. In this review, recent advances in the applications of such hollow particles fabricated with various routes (either inorganic or organic based) were summarized to delineate strategies for tuning their properties for more efficient biomedical performance by overcoming common biological barriers. This review will pave the ways for expedited progress in design of next generation of hollow particles for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emir Yasun
- University of California, Santa Barbara and California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Sonu Gandhi
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, 500032, Telangana, India
| | - Samraggi Choudhury
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, 500032, Telangana, India
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farah Benyettou
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Numan Gozubenli
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Hamed Arami
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), The James H Clark Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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230
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Ghorbani F, Kokhaei P, Ghorbani M, Eslami M. Application of different nanoparticles in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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231
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Zelepukin IV, Popov AA, Shipunova VO, Tikhonowski GV, Mirkasymov AB, Popova-Kuznetsova EA, Klimentov SM, Kabashin AV, Deyev SM. Laser-synthesized TiN nanoparticles for biomedical applications: Evaluation of safety, biodistribution and pharmacokinetics. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 120:111717. [PMID: 33545869 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Having plasmonic absorption within the biological transparency window, titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles (NPs) can potentially outperform gold counterparts in phototheranostic applications, but characteristics of available TiN NPs are still far from required parameters. Recently emerged laser-ablative synthesis opens up opportunities to match these parameters as it makes possible the production of ultrapure low size-dispersed spherical TiN NPs, capable of generating a strong phototherapy effect under 750-800 nm excitation. This study presents the first assessment of toxicity, biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of laser-synthesized TiN NPs. Tests in vitro using 8 cell lines from different tissues evidenced safety of both as-synthesized and PEG-coated NPs (TiN-PEG NPs). After systemic administration in mice, they mainly accumulated in liver and spleen, but did not cause any sign of toxicity or organ damage up to concentration of 6 mg kg-1, which was confirmed by the invariability of blood biochemical parameters, weight and hemotoxicity examination. The NPs demonstrated efficient passive accumulation in EMT6/P mammary tumor, while concentration of TiN-PEG NPs was 2.2-fold higher due to "stealth" effect yielding 7-times longer circulation in blood. The obtained results evidence high safety of laser-synthesized TiN NPs for biological systems, which promises a major advancement of phototheranostic modalities on their basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Zelepukin
- MEPhI, Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Anton A Popov
- MEPhI, Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria O Shipunova
- MEPhI, Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Gleb V Tikhonowski
- MEPhI, Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), Moscow, Russia
| | - Aziz B Mirkasymov
- MEPhI, Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Sergey M Klimentov
- MEPhI, Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei V Kabashin
- MEPhI, Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), Moscow, Russia; Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, LP3, Marseille, France.
| | - Sergey M Deyev
- MEPhI, Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Sechenov University, Center of Biomedical Engineering, Moscow, Russia; Tomsk Polytechnic University, Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Tomsk, Russia.
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232
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Vinnacombe-Willson GA, Chiang N, Scarabelli L, Hu Y, Heidenreich LK, Li X, Gong Y, Inouye DT, Fisher TS, Weiss PS, Jonas SJ. In Situ Shape Control of Thermoplasmonic Gold Nanostars on Oxide Substrates for Hyperthermia-Mediated Cell Detachment. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:2105-2116. [PMID: 33274287 PMCID: PMC7706095 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanostars (AuNSTs) are biocompatible, have large surface areas, and are characterized by high near-infrared extinction, making them ideal for integration with technologies targeting biological applications. We have developed a robust and simple microfluidic method for the direct growth of anisotropic AuNSTs on oxide substrates including indium tin oxide and glass. The synthesis was optimized to yield AuNSTs with high anisotropy, branching, uniformity, and density in batch and microfluidic systems for optimal light-to-heat conversion upon laser irradiation. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectra and mesoscale temperature measurements were combined with spatially correlated scanning electron microscopy to monitor nanostar and ligand stability and microbubble formation at different laser fluences. The capability of the platform for generating controlled localized heating was used to explore hyperthermia-assisted detachment of adherent glioblastoma cells (U87-GFP) grafted to the capillary walls. Both flow and laser fluence can be tuned to induce different biological responses, such as ablation, cell deformation, release of intracellular components, and the removal of intact cells. Ultimately, this platform has potential applications in biological and chemical sensing, hyperthermia-mediated drug delivery, and microfluidic soft-release of grafted cells with single-cell specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail A. Vinnacombe-Willson
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Naihao Chiang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Leonardo Scarabelli
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yuan Hu
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Mechanical
and Aerospace Engineering Department, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Liv K. Heidenreich
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xi Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yao Gong
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Derek T. Inouye
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Timothy S. Fisher
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Mechanical
and Aerospace Engineering Department, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Paul S. Weiss
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Materials
Science and Engineering Department, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Steven J. Jonas
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Children’s
Discovery and Innovation Institute, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Eli
& Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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233
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Lin X, Song X, Zhang Y, Cao Y, Xue Y, Wu F, Yu F, Wu M, Zhu X. Multifunctional theranostic nanosystems enabling photothermal-chemo combination therapy of triple-stimuli-responsive drug release with magnetic resonance imaging. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:1875-1884. [PMID: 32010912 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01482a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Theranostic nanosystems are emerging as a promising approach for controlled drug delivery, diagnosis and multimodal therapeutics. Herein, a multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform is reported for photothermal-chemo combination therapy functioned with magnetic and thermal imaging. Hyaluronic acid (HA) coated Fe3O4@polydopamine nanoparticles equipped with redox-sensitive disulfide linkers have been subsequently deposited with an anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX) (termed as FPCH-DOX NPs). These nanocomposites possess an average diameter of 120 nm, a saturation magnetization of 28.5 emu g-1, DOX loading capacity of 7.13% and a transverse relaxation rate of 171.76 mM-1 s-1. The drug release could be triggered by pH, glutathione (GSH) concentration and light irradiation. Prussian blue staining and confocal microscopy demonstrate that these nanoplatforms have improved biocompatibility and cellular uptake in CD44-positive HeLa cell lines rather than in CD44-negative NIH 3T3 normal cell lines. In vitro evaluations demonstrate that the combination therapy of FPCH-DOX NPs lowers the cell viability to 16.2%, less than that of individual chemotherapy (55.3%) or PTT (52.1%). In vivo MRI indicates that the tumor accumulation of FPCH-DOX NPs provides enhanced MRI contrast, and in vivo thermal imaging verified their localized photothermal conversion effect in tumor tissues. Importantly, FPCH-DOX NPs present remarkable anti-tumor efficacy by photothermal-chemo combination therapy. H&E and Ki67 staining tests show obvious necrosis and weak cell proliferation at the region of the tumor. Thus, FPCH-DOX NPs are promising multifunctional nanoplatforms for highly effective cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaofang Song
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P.R. China.
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P.R. China.
| | - Yanbing Cao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P.R. China.
| | - Yanan Xue
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P.R. China.
| | - Fengshou Wu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P.R. China.
| | - Faquan Yu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P.R. China.
| | - Ming Wu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P. R. China.
| | - Xunjin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
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234
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Wen H, Tamarov K, Happonen E, Lehto V, Xu W. Inorganic Nanomaterials for Photothermal‐Based Cancer Theranostics. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huang Wen
- Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio 70211 Finland
| | - Konstantin Tamarov
- Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio 70211 Finland
| | - Emilia Happonen
- Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio 70211 Finland
| | - Vesa‐Pekka Lehto
- Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio 70211 Finland
| | - Wujun Xu
- Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio 70211 Finland
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235
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Khan AA, Allemailem KS, Almatroudi A, Almatroodi SA, Mahzari A, Alsahli MA, Rahmani AH. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Provocation by Different Nanoparticles: An Innovative Approach to Manage the Cancer and Other Common Diseases. Molecules 2020; 25:E5336. [PMID: 33207628 PMCID: PMC7697255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A proper execution of basic cellular functions requires well-controlled homeostasis including correct protein folding. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) implements such functions by protein reshaping and post-translational modifications. Different insults imposed on cells could lead to ER stress-mediated signaling pathways, collectively called the unfolded protein response (UPR). ER stress is also closely linked with oxidative stress, which is a common feature of diseases such as stroke, neurodegeneration, inflammation, metabolic diseases, and cancer. The level of ER stress is higher in cancer cells, indicating that such cells are already struggling to survive. Prolonged ER stress in cancer cells is like an Achilles' heel, if aggravated by different agents including nanoparticles (NPs) may be exhausted off the pro-survival features and can be easily subjected to proapoptotic mode. Different types of NPs including silver, gold, silica, graphene, etc. have been used to augment the cytotoxicity by promoting ER stress-mediated cell death. The diverse physico-chemical properties of NPs play a great role in their biomedical applications. Some special NPs have been effectively used to address different types of cancers as these particles can be used as both toxicological or therapeutic agents. Several types of NPs, and anticancer drug nano-formulations have been engineered to target tumor cells to enhance their ER stress to promote their death. Therefore, mitigating ER stress in cancer cells in favor of cell death by ER-specific NPs is extremely important in future therapeutics and understanding the underlying mechanism of how cancer cells can respond to NP induced ER stress is a good choice for the development of novel therapeutics. Thus, in depth focus on NP-mediated ER stress will be helpful to boost up developing novel pro-drug candidates for triggering pro-death pathways in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.H.R.)
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.H.R.)
| | - Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.H.R.)
| | - Ali Mahzari
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha 65527, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.H.R.)
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.H.R.)
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236
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Baldea I, Florea A, Olteanu D, Clichici S, David L, Moldovan B, Cenariu M, Achim M, Suharoschi R, Danescu S, Vulcu A, Filip GA. Effects of silver and gold nanoparticles phytosynthesized with Cornus mas extract on oral dysplastic human cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:55-75. [PMID: 31868110 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral cancer is highly aggressive due to difficult diagnosis, therapy resistance and increasing frequency; thus finding prevention therapies is very important. Aim: This study evaluates the use of gold and silver nanoparticles (NPs), phyto-synthesized with Cornus mas extract against oral dysplastic lesions. Methods: NPs were characterized by UV-Vis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and laser Doppler microelectrophoresis. Biological testing employed two human oral cell lines: gingival fibroblasts and dysplastic keratinocytes and evaluated viability, cell death mechanisms and cellular uptake. Results: NPs induced selective toxic effects against dysplastic cells. p53/BAX/BCL2 activation and PI3K/AKT inhibition led to cell death through necrosis and apoptosis. NPs also induced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Conclusion: NPs of gold and silver showed promising beneficial effects in the therapy of oral dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Baldea
- Department of Physiology, 'Iuliu Hatieganu' University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Florea
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, 'Iuliu Hatieganu' University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Olteanu
- Department of Physiology, 'Iuliu Hatieganu' University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona Clichici
- Department of Physiology, 'Iuliu Hatieganu' University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Luminita David
- Faculty of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bianca Moldovan
- Faculty of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- Department of Animal Reproduction, University of Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marcela Achim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology & Biopharmaceutics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ramona Suharoschi
- Faculty of Food Science & Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sorina Danescu
- Department of Dermatology, 'Iuliu Hatieganu' University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Vulcu
- National Institute for Research & Development of Isotopic & Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, 'Iuliu Hatieganu' University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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237
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Alrahili M, Savchuk V, McNear K, Pinchuk A. Absorption cross section of gold nanoparticles based on NIR laser heating and thermodynamic calculations. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18790. [PMID: 33139828 PMCID: PMC7606525 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75895-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a method for measuring the optical absorption cross section ([Formula: see text]) of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) based on optically heating the solution of GNPs with an 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) laser and measuring the temperature increase of the solution. We rely on the theoretical calculations based on the heat diffusion equations and experimental measurements based on the energy balance equations to measure the [Formula: see text] and the temperature distribution of single GNPs. Several morphologies, including gold nanospheres (GNSs), spherical gold nanoparticle conjugate (AuNPC), which are 20 nm GNSs surface-functionalized with an IR 808 dye, gold nanorods (GNRs), and gold nanourchins (GNUs), were studied. The study found that a single 20 nm GNS has the lowest [Formula: see text] and temperature distribution as compared to 100 nm GNUs. By increasing the size of GNSs from 20 to 30 nm, the magnitude of [Formula: see text] as well as temperature distribution increases by a factor of 5. The [Formula: see text] values of 20 and 30 nm GNSs calculated by Mie theory and the experimentally measured are in a good agreement. GNRs with equivalent radius ([Formula: see text]) 9.16 nm show the second lowest [Formula: see text]. By increasing the [Formula: see text] by a factor of 2 to 19.2 nm, the measured [Formula: see text] and temperature distribution also increased by a factor of 2. We also estimated [Formula: see text] for GNUs with diameters at 80 and 100 nm, which also have higher [Formula: see text] values. This work confirms that we can use temperature to accurately measure the [Formula: see text] of a variety of GNPs in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazen Alrahili
- Department of Physics and Energy Science, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, 1420 Austin Bluffs Parkway, Colorado Springs, CO, 80918, USA. .,Physics Department, School of Science, Taibah University, Janadah Bin Umayyah Road, Medina, 42353, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Viktoriia Savchuk
- Department of Physics and Energy Science, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, 1420 Austin Bluffs Parkway, Colorado Springs, CO, 80918, USA
| | - Kelly McNear
- UCCS BioFrontiers Center, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, 1420 Austin Bluffs Parkway, Colorado Springs, CO, 80918, USA
| | - Anatoliy Pinchuk
- Department of Physics and Energy Science, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, 1420 Austin Bluffs Parkway, Colorado Springs, CO, 80918, USA.,UCCS BioFrontiers Center, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, 1420 Austin Bluffs Parkway, Colorado Springs, CO, 80918, USA
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Wang R, Yang H, Fu R, Su Y, Lin X, Jin X, Du W, Shan X, Huang G. Biomimetic Upconversion Nanoparticles and Gold Nanoparticles for Novel Simultaneous Dual-Modal Imaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy of Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3136. [PMID: 33120892 PMCID: PMC7692180 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Multimodal imaging-guided near-infrared (NIR) photothermal therapy (PTT) is an interesting and promising cancer theranostic method. However, most of the multimodal imaging systems provide structural and functional information used for imaging guidance separately by directly combining independent imaging systems with different detectors, and many problems arise when trying to fuse different modal images that are serially taken by inviting extra markers or image fusion algorithms. Further, most imaging and therapeutic agents passively target tumors through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, which leads to low utilization efficiency. To address these problems and systematically improve the performance of the imaging-guided PTT methodology, we report a novel simultaneous dual-modal imaging system combined with cancer cell membrane-coated nanoparticles as a platform for PTT-based cancer theranostics. A novel detector with the ability to detect both high-energy X-ray and low-energy visible light at the same time, as well as a dual-modal imaging system based on the detector, was developed for simultaneous dual-modal imaging. Cancer cell membrane-coated upconversion nanoparticles (CC-UCNPs) and gold nanoparticles (CC-AuNPs) with the capacity for immune evasion and active tumor targeting were engineered for highly specific imaging and high-efficiency PTT therapy. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of macrophage escape and active homologous tumor targeting were performed. Cancer cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CC-NPs) displayed excellent immune evasion ability, longer blood circulation time, and higher tumor targeting specificity compared to normal PEGylated nanoparticles, which led to highly specific upconversion luminescence (UCL) imaging and PTT-based anti-tumor efficacy. The anti-cancer efficacy of the dual-modal imaging-guided PTT was also evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Dual-modal imaging yielded precise anatomical and functional information for the PTT process, and complete tumor ablation was achieved with CC-AuNPs. Our biomimetic UCNP/AuNP and novel simultaneous dual-modal imaging combination could be a promising platform and methodology for cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruliang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (R.W.); (H.Y.); (R.F.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (W.D.); (X.S.)
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (R.W.); (H.Y.); (R.F.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (W.D.); (X.S.)
| | - Rongxin Fu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (R.W.); (H.Y.); (R.F.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (W.D.); (X.S.)
| | - Ya Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (R.W.); (H.Y.); (R.F.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (W.D.); (X.S.)
| | - Xue Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (R.W.); (H.Y.); (R.F.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (W.D.); (X.S.)
| | - Xiangyu Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (R.W.); (H.Y.); (R.F.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (W.D.); (X.S.)
| | - Wenli Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (R.W.); (H.Y.); (R.F.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (W.D.); (X.S.)
| | - Xiaohui Shan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (R.W.); (H.Y.); (R.F.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (W.D.); (X.S.)
| | - Guoliang Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (R.W.); (H.Y.); (R.F.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (W.D.); (X.S.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China
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239
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Sonodynamic therapy-derived multimodal synergistic cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2020; 497:229-242. [PMID: 33122099 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) represents a promising modality that provides the possibility of non-invasively eliminating solid tumors in a site-directed manner. In light of the complexity and heterogeneity of tumors, more and more studies are attempting to combine SDT with other therapeutic methods so as to achieve better tumor treatment effect, which sheds new light on the potential of SDT-based synergistic therapeutics. Herein, the representative studies of SDT-instructed multimodal synergistic cancer therapy are comprehensively presented, such as sono-chemotherapy, sono-radiotherapy, sono-immunotherapy, and sono-chemodynamic therapy, etc., and their incorporate mechanisms are discussed in detail. The current challenges and future prospects to promote the advanced development of SDT-based nanomedicines in this burgeoning research field are highlighted. It is believed that such an emerging synergistic therapeutic modality based on SDT will play a more significant role in the field of tumor precision treatment medicine.
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240
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Whitener R, Mosley RJ, Wower J, Byrne ME. Nucleic acid biohybrid nanocarriers with high-therapeutic payload and controllable extended release of daunomycin for cancer therapy. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:1256-1265. [PMID: 33047466 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a novel, nanosized drug carrier with high-therapeutic payload, controllable release, and the potential for active tumor targeting. It consists of a 15 nm gold nanoparticle with dense surface loading of DNA duplexes. We utilize the natural intercalating behavior of daunomycin to load the drug between DNA base pairs. We obtained a high-therapeutic payload of >1,000 drug molecules per gold nanoparticle (AuNP), one of the highest loadings reported in literature to date. We have engineered unique DNA sequences to control release of daunomycin for over 48 hr and show higher cell death compared to equivalent concentrations of free daunomycin. We have also explored cell internalization mechanisms to identify the pathways by which our gold nanoparticles enter the cell. This nanocarrier is in the ideal size range of 16-100 nm in diameter to utilize the enhanced permeability and retention effect for passive targeting to tumors. Our AuNP platform is effective as a therapeutic drug delivery device and can easily incorporate any aptamer of choice through complementary base pairing. Our work has produced an innovative nanoscale drug-delivery platform potentially leading to personalized cancer therapies through careful selection of aptamers and an adjustable drug release profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricky Whitener
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Robert J Mosley
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jacek Wower
- RNA Biochemistry Laboratories, Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Mark Edward Byrne
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
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241
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D’Hollander A, Vande Velde G, Jans H, Vanspauwen B, Vermeersch E, Jose J, Struys T, Stakenborg T, Lagae L, Himmelreich U. Assessment of the Theranostic Potential of Gold Nanostars-A Multimodal Imaging and Photothermal Treatment Study. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10112112. [PMID: 33114177 PMCID: PMC7690792 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles offer the possibility to combine both imaging and therapy of otherwise difficult to treat tumors. To validate and further improve their potential, we describe the use of gold nanostars that were functionalized with a polyethyleneglycol-maleimide coating for in vitro and in vivo photoacoustic imaging (PAI), computed tomography (CT), as well as photothermal therapy (PTT) of cancer cells and tumor masses, respectively. Nanostar shaped particles show a high absorption coefficient in the near infrared region and have a hydrodynamic size in biological medium around 100 nm, which allows optimal intra-tumoral retention. Using these nanostars for in vitro labeling of tumor cells, high intracellular nanostar concentrations could be achieved, resulting in high PAI and CT contrast and effective PTT. By injecting the nanostars intratumorally, high contrast could be generated in vivo using PAI and CT, which allowed successful multi-modal tumor imaging. PTT was successfully induced, resulting in tumor cell death and subsequent inhibition of tumor growth. Therefore, gold nanostars are versatile theranostic agents for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine D’Hollander
- Biomedical MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (A.D.); (G.V.V.); (E.V.)
- Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Life Science Technology, IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (H.J.); (B.V.); (T.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Greetje Vande Velde
- Biomedical MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (A.D.); (G.V.V.); (E.V.)
- Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hilde Jans
- Department of Life Science Technology, IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (H.J.); (B.V.); (T.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Bram Vanspauwen
- Department of Life Science Technology, IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (H.J.); (B.V.); (T.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Elien Vermeersch
- Biomedical MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (A.D.); (G.V.V.); (E.V.)
- Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jithin Jose
- Fujifilm Visualsonics, Joop Geesinkweg140, 1114 AB Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Tom Struys
- Lab of Histology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agora Laan Gebouw C, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;
| | - Tim Stakenborg
- Department of Life Science Technology, IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (H.J.); (B.V.); (T.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Liesbet Lagae
- Department of Life Science Technology, IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (H.J.); (B.V.); (T.S.); (L.L.)
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Soft Matter and Biophysics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (A.D.); (G.V.V.); (E.V.)
- Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-16-330925
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242
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Soomro NA, Amur SA, Wei Y, Shah AH, Jiao M, Liang H, Yuan Q. Facile Grafting of Silver Nanoparticles into Copper and Guanosine 5′-Monophosphate Metal Organic Frameworks (AgNPs@Cu/GMP): Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity. J CLUST SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-020-01908-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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243
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Hanatani K, Yoshihara K, Sakamoto M, Saitow KI. Nanogap-Rich TiO 2 Film for 2000-Fold Field Enhancement with High Reproducibility. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:8799-8809. [PMID: 32902290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a crucial semiconductor for photocatalysts, solar cells, hydrogen evolution reactions, and antivirus agents. The properties and performances of these applications can improve significantly if the integrated TiO2 acts as a light harvester through a large field enhancement. This study investigates the electromagnetic field enhancement of a nanogap-rich TiO2 film with a large area, prepared by a facile dry process at room temperature. Herein, the loading pressure is applied to the TiO2 particles for closely packing them in the film. The field enhancement, as a function of the loading pressure, is explored from the fluorescence intensity enhancement of a dye molecule. An average enhancement factor >2000 is achieved, which is a remarkable record for semiconductors. Furthermore, the reproducibility is significant; the relative standard deviation value is small (∼4%). Calculations were performed using the finite-difference-time-domain method. A nanogap of 5 nm yields the highest EF for triangular-prism TiO2 particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaito Hanatani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Kumi Yoshihara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Masanori Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Saitow
- Department of Materials Science, Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development (N-BARD), Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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244
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Ding Z, Sigdel K, Yang L, Liu Y, Xuan M, Wang X, Gu Z, Wu J, Xie H. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for enhanced diagnosis and therapy of oral cancer. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:8781-8793. [PMID: 33026383 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00957a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer is a common malignant life-threatening tumor. Despite some advances in traditional therapy, mortality and mobidity rates are high due to delayed diagnosis and ineffective treatment. Additionally, some patients inevitably suffer from various fatal adverse effects during the course of therapy. Therefore, it is imperative to develop novel methods to eradicate oral cancer cells with minimal adverse effects on normal cells. Nanotechnology is a promising and novel vehicle for the diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer with encouraging recent achievements. In this review, we present state-of-the-art nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems employed in the domain of oral cancer, especially for its enhanced diagnosis and therapy. We describe in detail the types of nanotechnology used in the management of oral cancer and summarize administration routes of nanodrugs. Finally, the potential and prospects of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems as promising modalities of diagnosis and therapy of oral cancer are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangfan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
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245
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Gibbs SL, Dean C, Saad J, Tandon B, Staller CM, Agrawal A, Milliron DJ. Dual-Mode Infrared Absorption by Segregating Dopants within Plasmonic Semiconductor Nanocrystals. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:7498-7505. [PMID: 32959661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
When aliovalent dopants are sufficiently segregated to the core or near the surface of semiconductor nanocrystals, charge carriers donated by the dopants are also segregated to the core or near the surface, respectively. In Sn-doped indium oxide nanocrystals, we find that this contrast in free charge carrier concentration creates a core and shell with differing dielectric properties and results in two distinctly observable plasmonic extinction peaks. The trends in this dual-mode optical response with shell growth differ from core/shell nanoparticles composed of traditional plasmonic metals such as Au and Ag. We developed a model employing a core/shell effective medium approximation that can fit the dual-mode spectra and explain the trends in the extinction response. Lastly, we show that dopant segregation can improve sensitivity of plasmon spectra to changes in refractive index of the surrounding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen L Gibbs
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Christopher Dean
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Joey Saad
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Bharat Tandon
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Corey M Staller
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Ankit Agrawal
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- The Molecular Foundry, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Delia J Milliron
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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246
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Fritzen DL, Giordano L, Rodrigues LCV, Monteiro JHSK. Opportunities for Persistent Luminescent Nanoparticles in Luminescence Imaging of Biological Systems and Photodynamic Therapy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2015. [PMID: 33066063 PMCID: PMC7600618 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of luminescence in biological systems allows us to diagnose diseases and understand cellular processes. Persistent luminescent materials have emerged as an attractive system for application in luminescence imaging of biological systems; the afterglow emission grants background-free luminescence imaging, there is no need for continuous excitation to avoid tissue and cell damage due to the continuous light exposure, and they also circumvent the depth penetration issue caused by excitation in the UV-Vis. This review aims to provide a background in luminescence imaging of biological systems, persistent luminescence, and synthetic methods for obtaining persistent luminescent materials, and discuss selected examples of recent literature on the applications of persistent luminescent materials in luminescence imaging of biological systems and photodynamic therapy. Finally, the challenges and future directions, pointing to the development of compounds capable of executing multiple functions and light in regions where tissues and cells have low absorption, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas L. Fritzen
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo-SP 05508-000, Brazil; (D.L.F.); (L.G.)
| | - Luidgi Giordano
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo-SP 05508-000, Brazil; (D.L.F.); (L.G.)
| | - Lucas C. V. Rodrigues
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo-SP 05508-000, Brazil; (D.L.F.); (L.G.)
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247
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Selenium Tethered Mesoporous Silica Nanocomposite Enhances Drug Delivering Efficiency to Target Breast Cancer. J CLUST SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-020-01906-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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248
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Özçelik S, Pratx G. Nuclear-targeted gold nanoparticles enhance cancer cell radiosensitization. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:415102. [PMID: 32585647 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aba02b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy aims to kill or inhibit proliferation of cancer cells while sparing normal cells. To enhance radiosensitization, we developed 40 nm-sized gold nanoparticles targeting the nucleus. We exploited a strategy that combined RGD and NLS peptides respectively targeting cancer cell and the nucleus to initiate cell-death activated by x-ray irradiation. We observed that the modified gold nanoparticles were either translocated in the nuclei or accumulated in the vicinity of the nuclei. We demonstrated that x-ray irradiation at 225 kVp energy reduced cell proliferation by 3.8-fold when the nuclear targeted gold nanoparticles were used. We determined that the radiation dose to have a 10% survival fraction was reduced from 11.0 Gy to 7.1 Gy when 10.0 µg ml-1 of the NLS/RGD/PEG-AuNP was incubated with A549 cancer cells. We conclude that the peptide-modified gold nanoparticles targeting the nucleus significantly enhance radiosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Özçelik
- İzmir Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Gülbahçe-Urla 35430, İzmir, Turkey. Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States of America
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249
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Preparation of Multifunctional Dopamine-Coated Zerovalent Iron/Reduced Graphene Oxide for Targeted Phototheragnosis in Breast Cancer. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10101957. [PMID: 33019538 PMCID: PMC7601037 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a multifunctional nanoparticle platform with properties that are beneficial in imaging, targeting, and synergistic cancer phototherapy. To this end, we synthesized novel nanoparticles composed of polydopamine, nano zero-valent iron (nZVI), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). We immobilized nZVI on the surface of GO (nZVI/GO), then further modified nZVI/GO with dopamine to form polydopamine-conjugated nZVI/rGO (nZVI/rGO@pDA). Because nZVI/rGO@pDA absorbs near infrared radiation (NIR) and binds biomolecules of cancer cells, this platform is highly efficacious in photothermal and photodynamic cancer therapy and enables specific targeting of breast cancer cells. Use of nZVI/rGO@pDA at a low concentration (10 μg/mL) resulted in irreversible damage to MCF-7 cells under NIR irradiation (808 nm) without inducing cytotoxic effects in normal cells. Furthermore, nZVI/rGO@pDA showed high sensitivity in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), comparable to nZVI@pDA, even at low concentration. Monitoring the treatment response through evaluation of MRI signal intensity of nZVI/rGO@pDA in phototherapeutic therapy revealed that the novel material combines the advantages of nZVI, rGO, and pDA to provide specific targeting capabilities, excellent biocompatibility, and cancer phototherapeutic and tumor imaging abilities. Thus, this platform offers great potential in terms of imaging and therapeutic effects in phototherapy treatment for breast cancer.
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250
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Medina MA, Oza G, Ángeles-Pascual A, González M. M, Antaño-López R, Vera A, Leija L, Reguera E, Arriaga LG, Hernández Hernández JM, Ramírez JT. Synthesis, Characterization and Magnetic Hyperthermia of Monodispersed Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapeutics. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194428. [PMID: 32992439 PMCID: PMC7583941 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles such as cobalt ferrite are investigated under clinical hyperthermia conditions for the treatment of cancer. Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFNPs) synthesized by the thermal decomposition method, using nonionic surfactant Triton-X100, possess hydrophilic polyethylene oxide chains acting as reducing agents for the cobalt and iron precursors. The monodispersed nanoparticles were of 10 nm size, as confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The X-ray diffraction patterns of CFNPs prove the existence of cubic spinel cobalt ferrites. Cs-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy–high-angle annular dark-field imaging (STEM–HAADF) of CFNPs confirmed their multi-twinned crystallinity due to the presence of atomic columns and defects in the nanostructure. Magnetic measurements proved that the CFNPs possess reduced remnant magnetization (MR/MS) (0.86), which justifies cubic anisotropy in the system. Microwave-based hyperthermia studies performed at 2.45 GHz under clinical conditions in physiological saline increased the temperature of the CFNP samples due to the transformation of radiation energy to heat. The specific absorption rate of CFNPs in physiological saline was 68.28 W/g. Furthermore, when triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC) in the presence of increasing CFNP concentration (5 mg/mL to 40 mg/mL) were exposed to microwaves, the cell cytotoxicity was enhanced compared to CFNPs alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio A. Medina
- Program on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CINVESTAV-IPN, Avenida IPN 2508, Gustavo A. Madero, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (G.O.); (J.T.R.)
| | - Goldie Oza
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica (CIDETEQ), Parque Tecnológico Querétaro s/n, Sanfandila, Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro C.P. 76703, Mexico; (R.A.-L.); (L.G.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (G.O.); (J.T.R.)
| | - A. Ángeles-Pascual
- Laboratorio Avanzado de Nanoscopía Electrónica-LANE, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios CINVESTAV-IPN, Avenida IPN 2508, Gustavo A. Madero, San Pedro Zacatenco, México City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Marlene González M.
- CONACyT-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y tecnología Avanzada, U. Legaria, Ciudad de México 11500, Mexico; (M.G.M.); (E.R.)
| | - R. Antaño-López
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica (CIDETEQ), Parque Tecnológico Querétaro s/n, Sanfandila, Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro C.P. 76703, Mexico; (R.A.-L.); (L.G.A.)
| | - A. Vera
- Bioelectronics Section, Department of Electrical Engineering, CINVESTAV-IPN, Avenida IPN 2508, Gustavo A. Madero, San Pedro Zacatenco, México City 07360, Mexico; (A.V.); (L.L.)
| | - L. Leija
- Bioelectronics Section, Department of Electrical Engineering, CINVESTAV-IPN, Avenida IPN 2508, Gustavo A. Madero, San Pedro Zacatenco, México City 07360, Mexico; (A.V.); (L.L.)
| | - Edilso Reguera
- CONACyT-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y tecnología Avanzada, U. Legaria, Ciudad de México 11500, Mexico; (M.G.M.); (E.R.)
| | - L. G. Arriaga
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica (CIDETEQ), Parque Tecnológico Querétaro s/n, Sanfandila, Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro C.P. 76703, Mexico; (R.A.-L.); (L.G.A.)
| | | | - José Tapia Ramírez
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, CINVESTAV-IPN, Avenida IPN 2508, Gustavo A. Madero, San Pedro Zacatenco, México City 07360, Mexico
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (G.O.); (J.T.R.)
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