201
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Afonso AM. Isolation and characterisation of glycopeptides from digests of human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. Carbohydr Res 1981; 89:309-19. [PMID: 7237482 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)85256-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Glycopeptides were isolated from pronase digests of human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein and its asialo derivative. The carbohydrate moiety of the major glycopeptide preparation isolated from the former digests had an apparent molecular weight of 4300, and those of two glycopeptides isolated from the latter digests had molecular weights of 3600 and 2300. These data, together with the compositions of the glycopeptides, indicate that the Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein has at least five asparagine residues substituted by complex carbohydrate moieties, three being of one type, relatively rich in galactose, and two containing more sialic acid but less galactose. A small amount of a mannose-rich glycopeptide was also recovered from the digests of the Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein.
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202
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Lynn KL, Marshall RD. The presence in serum of proteins which are immunologically cross-reactive with Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. Biochem J 1981; 194:561-8. [PMID: 7306003 PMCID: PMC1162780 DOI: 10.1042/bj1940561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Affinity chromatography, with rabbit anti-(human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein) IgG, was applied to the isolation from normal human serum of protein, which is immunologically cross-reactive with the urinary glycoprotein. The antigen-antibody complex was dissociated with the use of sodium thiocyanate solution, a medium which fails to dissociate urinary Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein-antigen complex. The cross-reactive serum proteins were isolated in amounts of 19-24 mg/l of serum. They have apparent molecular weights, assessed by disc-gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate, of 125 000, 84 000 and 74 000 respectively, with mobilities differing from that of urinary Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. They have a much lower immunoreactivity towards the antibody than does the urinary glycoprotein. Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein could not be demonstrated in normal serum by the techniques used. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of pathology involving Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein.
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203
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Sophasan S, Chatasingh S, Thanphaichitr P, Dhanamitta S. Tamm Horsfall mucoprotein in urine of potential bladder stone formers. J Urol 1980; 124:522-4. [PMID: 6775093 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)55521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The excretion rate of Tamm Horsfall mucoprotein was determined in normal and endemic boys. This latter group of boys showed presumptive signs of bladder stone, which include oxalate crystalluria, and difficult and sometimes painful voiding. At least 2 distinct forms of this mucoprotein are present in the urine. Semiquantitatively, there was no apparent difference in the excretion rate of this mucoprotein between the 2 groups of boys. The kidney function of these 2 groups was comparable and within the normal range. Furthermore, the presence of 5 mg. per cent of this mucoprotein in the solution of calcium and oxalate did not increase the ability of the solution to form more calcium oxalate precipitate nor did it induce precipitation of calcium oxalate from the dilute solution. We conclude that Tamm Horsfall mucoprotein may not have a role in the formation of oxalate crystalluria or bladder stone.
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204
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Goodall AA, Marshall RD. Effects of freezing on the estimated amounts of Tamm--Horsfall glycoprotein in urine, as determined by radioimmunoassay. Biochem J 1980; 189:533-9. [PMID: 7213344 PMCID: PMC1162033 DOI: 10.1042/bj1890533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Freeze-drying or freezing of salt-free solutions of human Tamm--Horsfall glycoprotein appeared to lead to changes in the structure of the latter, changes that increased its ability to bind with antibody raised, in rabbits, against it. This alteration in avidity of the glycoprotein was observed irrespective of whether antiserum was raised against freeze-dried or non-frozen antigen. The implications of this finding for the radioimmunoassay of the glycoprotein in urine samples were studied. Appropriate treatment for urine samples, before assay, was devised. The amount of Tamm--Horsfall glycoprotein excreted was shown to range from 30 to 138 mg in normal males and 43 to 126 mg in normal females per 24 h.
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205
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206
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von Nicolai H, Müller HE, Zilliken F. Purification and properties of two neuraminidases from Streptococcus viridans II. FEBS Lett 1980; 117:107-10. [PMID: 7409155 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(80)80923-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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207
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Kumar S, Marsden HB, Kumar P. A study of childhood renal tumours using xenogeneic antiserum. BRITISH JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 1980; 52:245-52. [PMID: 6252999 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1980.tb08911.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Fifty-six primary childhood renal tumours, 14 normal and 12 fetal kidneys were examined for their staining reaction with xenogeneic anti-Wilms' antiserum. The antiserum was raised by injecting Wilms' tumour extracts into 6-month-old rabbits which had been rendered tolerant in utero with pooled normal kidney extracts. Renal carcinomas, mesoblastic nephroma and a large proportion of tubular wilms' tumours were stained by the antiserum. In contrast, 6 of 7 bone-metastasising renal tumours of childhood (BMRTC) failed to fluoresce when treated with the antiserum, suggesting that the BMRTC has a different origin from the other childhood renal tumours studied.
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208
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Serafini-Cessi F. Haemagglutinating activity of leucoagglutinin after neuraminidase treatment of human erythrocytes. FEBS Lett 1980; 114:299-301. [PMID: 7389908 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(80)81138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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209
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Aitken DA, Hoogeveen A. Alkaline phosphatase activity of normal and cystic fibrosis fibroblasts. J Med Genet 1980; 17:187-90. [PMID: 7401129 PMCID: PMC1048544 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.17.3.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were compared in fibroblasts from three cystic fibrosis patients and two normal controls after culturing the cells in normal growth medium and in medium containing Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein, isoproterenol, and theophylline. No consistent alterations in ALP activities were noted, either between the same cell lines grown under different conditions, or between normal and cystic cell lines. It is concluded that it is not possible to use changes in ALP activity in cultured cells for the prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.
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210
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Abbondanza A, Franceschi C, Licastro F, Serafini-Cessi F. Properties of a glycopeptide isolated from human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. Interaction with leucoagglutinin and anti-(human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein) antibodies. Biochem J 1980; 187:525-8. [PMID: 6967312 PMCID: PMC1161820 DOI: 10.1042/bj1870525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A sialylated glycopeptide isolated after Pronase digestion of human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein behaves as a powerful monovalent hapten in the precipitin reaction between human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein and leucoagglutinin, but fails to inhibit the interaction of the glycoprotein with rabbit anti-(human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein) antibodies. The glycopeptide is much less active than the intact glycoprotein as an inhibitor of lymphocyte transformation induced by leucoagglutinin.
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211
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Soh CP, Morgan WT, Watkins WM, Donald AS. The relationship between the N-acetylgalactosamine content and the blood group Sda activity of Tamm and Horsfall urinary glycoprotein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1980; 93:1132-9. [PMID: 6156677 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(80)90607-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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212
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Shope RE, Peters CJ, Walker JS. Serological relation between Rift Valley fever virus and viruses of phlebotomus fever serogroup. Lancet 1980; 1:886-7. [PMID: 6103252 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(80)91395-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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213
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Orskov I, Ferencz A, Orskov F. Tamm-Horsfall protein or uromucoid is the normal urinary slime that traps type 1 fimbriated Escherichia coli. Lancet 1980; 1:887. [PMID: 6103253 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(80)91396-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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214
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Dawnay A, McLean C, Cattell WR. The development of a radioimmunoassay for Tamm--Horsfall glycoprotein in serum. Biochem J 1980; 185:679-87. [PMID: 7387630 PMCID: PMC1161445 DOI: 10.1042/bj1850679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein prepared by salt precipitation from urine was found to comprise a heterogeneous collection of aggregates. These could be disaggregated with 8m-urea, following which chromatography on a column of Bio-Gel A.15m yielded a homogeneous glycoprotein of mol.wt. 73000 together with several unidentified impurities. Gel filtration of normal plasma showed the glycoprotein to exist predominantly in a form that is eluted identically with the purified preparation. In one case, material of higher molecular weight was also detected. The purified glycoprotein was used to develop a rapid specific radioimmunoassay for its measurement in human serum or plasma by the use of the Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein, labelled with (125)I by the chloramine-t method as the tracer, an antiserum raised in rabbits, and separation of the bound and free fractions by a second antibody covalently linked to magnetizable particles. Parallelism was demonstrated between the standard preparation and samples. Recovery of added standard to serum varied between 99 and 109%. Total assay time was less than 4h with an intra-assay and inter-assay coefficient of variation of less than 10%. There were no significant differences in the ranges covered with regard to either age or sex, and no circadian rhythm was observed in normal subjects. A physiological range of 70-540ng/ml was established based on serum samples from 95 subjects with normal renal function, as defined by their serum creatinine and urea concentrations. No Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein was detected in the serum of six anephric patients.
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215
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Hoyer JR. Tubulointerstitial immune complex nephritis in rats immunized with Tamm-Horsfall protein. Kidney Int 1980; 17:284-92. [PMID: 6447222 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1980.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Rats immunized with Tamm-Horsfall protein (TH) developed autoantibodies to TH and tubulointerstitial nephritis with granular deposits of IgG, C3, and TH at the base of tubular cells of the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop and selective infiltration of leukocytes around this distal nephron segment. Selective IgG deposition at the base of cells in the tubular segment containing TH and the direct relationships of the amount of immune deposits and the severity of histologic lesions to serum levels of anti-TH antibodies suggest a pathogenetic role for the autoantibodies to TH. The immune deposits in this model of tubulointerstitial nephritis appear to be the consequence of in situ formation of immune complexes. This mechanism involves the diffusion of circulating antibodies to TH across tubular basement membranes and their combination with TH molecules associated with tubular cell surface membranes.
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216
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Crampen M, von Nicolai H, Zilliken F. Properties and substrate specificities of two neuraminidases from Trichomonas fetus. HOPPE-SEYLER'S ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIOLOGISCHE CHEMIE 1979; 360:1703-12. [PMID: 527938 DOI: 10.1515/bchm2.1979.360.2.1703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Trichomonas fetus, a protozoon belonging to the class of flagellates causes vaginal infections in cows, leading to sterility or abortion in early stage of pregnancy. Two neuraminidases were isolated from the culture medium and purified by various procedures of gel chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and by affinity chromatography on N-(4-nitrophenyl)-oxamic acid-Sepharose 4B. The molecular weights of the two neuraminidases were determined as 320 000 (enzyme I) and 38 000 (enzyme II) respectively. However, enzyme I seems to consist of two isoenzymes containing four subunits of almost equal molecular weight. The pH optima of both enzymes depend on the substrates and range from pH 4.7 to 5.5. Due to the type of substrate, the Michaelis constants (Km) vary between 5.0 x 10(-2)M and 6.6 x 10(-3)M for enzyme I and between 1.4 x 10(-2)M and 4.9 x 10(-3)M for enzyme II. Among the different groups of NeuAc-containing substrates, i.e. glycoproteins, glycolipids, oligosaccharides and synthetic ketosides, enzyme I preferably cleaves high molecular weight glycoprotein type substrates whereas enzyme II shows higher affinities to low-molecular weight oligosaccharides. The ganglioside II3NeuAcGgOse4Cer is susceptible to both enzymes only after removal of the lipophilic ceramide residue. Both enzymes show differences in the specificity towards alpha 2 leads 3 to 3, alpha 2 leads to 6, and alpha 2 leads to 8 glycosidic linkages of NeuAc. Taking the rate of cleavage of the alpha 2 leads to linkage in II3NeuAc-Lac as 100, enzyme I reveals 65 for the alpha 2 leads to 6 linkage in II6NeuAc-Lac, and 15 for the alpha 2 leads to 8 linkage in II3(comes from 2 alpha NeuAc8)2-Lac, whereas enzyme II exhibits values around 50 for both the alpha 2 leads to 6- and the alpha 2 leads to 8-linked substrates. The activity of neuraminidase I and II is not influenced by Ca2 but is inhibited by Cu2, Hg2, ann 4-hydroxymercurisulfonic acid. The inhibition by Hg2 and by the latter is reversible with enzyme I by addition of dithioerythritol.
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217
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Abstract
Tamm-Horsfall protein, a renal glycoprotein present in normal urine, is the primary constituent of urinary casts. Immunoelectron microscopy has shown that this protein is localized selectively along surface membranes of the thick ascending loop of Henle. In this surface membrane site, the unique aggregation and gel formation of Tamm-Horsfall protein in response to increasing concentrations of electrolytes within physiologic ranges may influence the permeability characteristics of this nephron segment. These aggregation characteristics also play a role in pathologic conditions and lead to the prolonged persistence of interstitial Tamm-Horsfall protein deposits in several tubulointerstitial diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated immunologic responses to this protein, including an immune complex tubulointerstitial nephritis in rats mediated by autoantibodies to Tamm-Horsfall protein.
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218
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Sikri KL, Foster CL, Bloomfield FJ, Marshall RD. Localization by immunofluorescence and by light- and electron-microscopic immunoperoxidase techniques of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein in adult hamster kidney. Biochem J 1979; 181:525-32. [PMID: 391220 PMCID: PMC1161191 DOI: 10.1042/bj1810525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
1. Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein was isolated from hamster urine and antiserum against it was produced in rabbits. Immunoglobulin G was isolated from the antiserum. 2. Indirect methods of immunofluorescence staining were applied to kidney sections previously fixed by both perfusion and immersion methods. Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein was identified associated with only the cells of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle and the distal convoluted tubule. Maculae densae were free of the glycoprotein. 3. Indirect immunoperoxidase procedures with light microscopy were applied to kidney sections. The results extended those found by immunofluorescence by showing that the glycoprotein is largely associated with the plasma membrane of the cells. Macula densa cells were shown to be free of the glycoprotein, although the luminal surface of the remaining cells in the transverse section of the nephron at that region was shown to contain it. 4. A variety of immuno-electron-microscopic techniques were applied to sections previously fixed in a number of ways. Providing periodate/lysine/paraformaldehyde was used as the fixative, the glycoprotein was often seen to be present not only on the luminal surface of the cells of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle and of the distal convoluted tubule, but also on the basal plasma membrane, including the infoldings. 5. It is generally accepted that the hyperosmolarity in the medulla of the kidney results from passage of Cl(-) ions with their accompanying Na(+) ions across the single cell layer of the lumen of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, a region of the nephron with relatively high impermeability to water. We suggest that Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein operates as a barrier to decrease the passage of water molecules by trapping the latter at the membrane of the cells. Our hypothesis requires the glycoprotein on the basal plasma membrane also.
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219
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Wijcik L, Buchwald M, Riordan JR. Induction of alkaline phosphatase in cultured human fibroblasts. Comparison of normal cells and those from patients with cystic fibrosis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1979; 585:374-82. [PMID: 486538 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(79)90081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The membrane glycoprotein enzyme, alkaline phosphatase was induced in cultured human fibroblasts by dibutyryl cyclic AMP, sodium butyrate, the serum glycoprotein fetuin, the Tamm-Horsfall urinary glycoprotein, and by a number of inhibitors of DNA synthesis. The uninduced basal enzyme activity increased at later stages of growth when the cells became confluent. Induction by dibutyryl cyclic AMP or fetuin was most effective when the agents were added after the cells had reached stationary phase and was maximal after at least two days of exposure. The levels of induction resulting from the addition of pairs of the agents, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, n-butyrate and fetuin were additive indicating that these have different modes of action. The inhibitors of DNA synthesis, cytosine arabinoside, hydroxyurea, and methothrexate were less effective inducers. Bromodeoxyuridine which also has non-DNA mediated effects induced to the same extent as dibutyryl cyclic AMP. Similar experiments with sex- and age-matched cell strains derived from patients with cystic fibrosis failed to detect differences in the levels of induction from those observed in normal cells. In addition, the combined inductive effects of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein, isoproterenol and theophylline, were similar with normal and cystic fibrosis cells.
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220
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Abstract
By the indirect immunofluorescent and immunoenzymatic techniques with monospecific antiserum against urinary procoagulant (a tissue factor which accelerates blood coagulation), we found the urinary procoagulant in the kidney distributed to the loop of Henle and distal convoluted tubules. In these areas urinary procoagulant was found in association with the luminal and intercellular borders as well as in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells. Both the descending and ascending limbs of Henle were equally stained. The cytoplasmic staining was patchy in distribution among cells of distal tubules and was predominantly localized in the supranuclear areas. Glomeruli, the proximal tubular cells, the vascular wall, and the interstitium were not stained. There was, however, fluorescent staining along the epithelial layers of the Bowman's capsule, which was observed only in the frozen sections. Casts in the distal tubules were also positively stained. These findings suggest that urinary procoagulant is synthesized in the epithelial cells of these particular parts of nephron and is secreted into urine, although its physiologic roles and pathologic significance are not entirely known.
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221
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Swain RR, Briggs SL. Measurement of total protein in urine: Comparison of two dye-binding procedures with a gel filtration/modified biuret method. Microchem J 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/0026-265x(79)90037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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222
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223
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Millman I, McMichael JC. Glycoproteins of natural origin with an affinity for hepatitis B surface antigen. Infect Immun 1978; 21:879-85. [PMID: 213390 PMCID: PMC422079 DOI: 10.1128/iai.21.3.879-885.1978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sera from certain animal species contain a substance(s) which binds hepatitis B surface antigen. The hepatitis B binding substance found in animals is not antibody, but appears to be a glycoprotein which reacted with antigen-coated beads and produced a "false positive" test for antibody. This glycoprotein could be selectively and quantitatively removed by reaction with purified hepatitis B surface antigen and centrifugation. Pili fractions isolated from Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Escherichia coli bound to hepatitis B surface antigen and produced false positive anti-hepatitis B surface antigen reactions. Mouse anti-bovine hepatitis B binding substance and rabbit anti-E. coli pili were capable of neutralizing bovine hepatitis B binding substance.
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224
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Cahour A, Hartmann L. Study of neutral and aminomonosaccharides by gas—liquid differential chromatography: application to three reference glycoproteins. J Chromatogr A 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)85084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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225
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Abstract
An electroimmunoassay technique for the estimation of urine uromucoid has been studied in an effort to improve its performance. It was found that strict attention to specimen collection, preservation and storage was important. The conditions used for the production of immunologically active uromucoid subunits utilising sodium dodecyl sulphate were found to be critical, needing rigid standardisation if acceptable precision is to be achieved.
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226
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Tumilowicz JJ, Latlief MA. Reduction of herpes simplex virus-type 2 plaque formation by urea. J Med Virol 1978; 3:151-6. [PMID: 215721 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.1890030209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The effect of urea on plaque formation by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) was examined in two systems at concentrations within or approximating the range found in human urine. Approximately 7--10 mg urea/ml, added 2, 4, or 8 hours after infection, reduced plaque formation by 50% in African green monkey kidney cells. The growth of this system was affected slightly by continuous treatment with urea at 7--10 mg/ml. Plaque formation was reduced in the monkey kidney system, albeit diminishingly, even after addition of urea 12 hours after infection. In the human lung fibroblast system, urea at 10 mg/ml reduced plaque numbers by 50% but depressed the growth of cells completely.
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227
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Abstract
Liver microsomal fractions catalyse the transfer of sialic acid from CMP-N-acetyl-neuraminic acid to various exogenous acceptors such as desialylated fetuin, desialylated human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein and desialylated bovine submaxillary-gland mucin. An increase in the rate of incorporation of sialic acid into desialylated glycoproteins was found after a lag period (7h) in regenerating liver. The increase was maximum 24h after partial hepatectomy for all acceptors tested. At later times after operation the sialyltransferase activity remained high only for desialylated fetuin. No soluble factors from liver or serum of partially hepatectomized animals influenced the activity of the sialyltransferases bound to the microsomal fraction. The sensitivity of sialyltransferases to activation by Triton X-100, added to the incubation medium, was unchanged in the microsomal preparation from animals 24h after sham operation or partial hepatectomy. The full activity of sialyltransferases towards the various desialylated acceptors showed some differences. Human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein was a good acceptor of sialic acid only when desialylated by mild acid hydrolysis. After this treatment, but not after enzymic hydrolysis, a decrease in molecular weight of human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein was observed. Further, the sialyltransferase activity as a function of incubation temperature gave different curves according to the acceptor used. The relationship between the biosynthesis of glycoproteins by regenerating liver and the sialyltransferase activity of microsomal fraction after partial hepatectomy is discussed.
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228
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Wieslander J, Bygren P, Heinegård D. Determination of the Tamm and Horsfall glycoprotein in human urine. Clin Chim Acta 1977; 78:391-400. [PMID: 18305 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(77)90072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A method for the routine determination of the Tamm and Horsfall glycoprotein in human urine is presented. The method is based on quantitative electroimmunoassay. It was demonstrated that the solubility of the Tamm and Horsfall glycoprotein was dependent on urinary ionic strength and pH. To minimize these variables all urines were buffered to pH 5.5 and then preincubated at 37 degrees C in 0.3% sodium dodecyl sulphate. This procedure solubilized and maintained the Tamm and Horsfall glycoprotein in solution. Excess sodium dodecyl sulphate was removed by gel filtration before the quantities of the Tamm and Horsfall glycoprotein were determined by electroimmunoassay. The method is simple, reproducible, has high precision and compares favourably with earlier published methods for the determinations of the Tamm and Horsfall glycoprotein.
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229
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Bloomfield FJ, Dunstan DR, Foster CL, Serafini-Cessi F, Marshall RD. Some factors affecting the production, by cultured baby-hamster kidney cells, of BHK glycoprotein I which cross-reacts immunologically with Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. Biochem J 1977; 164:41-51. [PMID: 328011 PMCID: PMC1164756 DOI: 10.1042/bj1640041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cultured baby-hamster kidney cells (BHK-21/C13), which are adapted to grow in suspension (strain 2P), roduce a glycoprotein, termed BHK glycoprotein I, which cross-reacts immunologically with hamster urinary (Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. BHK glycoprotein I was isolated in an electrophoretically (sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel) homogeneous form by application of affinity chromatography to the medium in which cells had been cultured. Insolubilized anti-(Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein immunoglobulin G) was used as the adsorbent. The amount of BHK glycoprotein I associated with the cultured cells was found by both radioimmunoassay and immunofluorescence to be related to the amount of Ca2+ in the medium and to the particular stage of the cell cycle. 5'-Nucleotidase was also shed by the cells into the culture medium in amounts related to the stage of the cell cycle. The turnover of hamster Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein in vivo appeared to be considerably more rapid than can be accounted for by cell turnover. Hamster Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein was shown to be ineffective in inhibiting agglutination of chicken erythrocytes caused by influenza virus.
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230
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Puett D, Holladay LA, Robinson JP. Circular dichroism of human urinary Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. Mol Cell Biochem 1977; 15:109-16. [PMID: 895729 DOI: 10.1007/bf01793332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human urinary Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein, which contains 28% carbohydrate, has a monomeric molecular weight of about 80,000 but is isolated from urine in the form of intertwining helical suprastructures with molecular weights greater than 10(7). The native glycoprotein was dissociated and denatured with 6 M guanidinium chloride and was subsequently renatured by dialysis against a Tris-HCl buffer. Using sedimetation equilibrium, the renatured glycoprotein was characterized by a Mw cell of 256,800 and a Mz cell of 356,000. The ratio, Mz/Mw, of 1.39 indicates some polydispersity with regard to molecular size. There was no evidence of helical suprastructures in the renatured glycoprotein as judged by electron microscopy. Ca2+ concentrations of up to 50 mM failed to precipitate the renatured glycoprotein; in contrast, the native glycoprotein is precipitated by Ca2+ concentrations between 5-10 mM. The circular dichroic spectrum of renatured Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein was obtained, resolved, and tentative band assignments made. The spectrum, which is quite similar to that of native Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein, exhibited negative extrema at 269 nm (due in large part to disulfides and tyrosines) and at 215 nm (due to protein beta-structure and the N-acetylated hexosamines). The alpha-helical content of the glycoprotein was estimated to be no more than 10% and the amount of beta-structure to be about 33%; these values were not affected by the presence of Ca2+ (1 mM). A glcopeptide fraction (ca. 90% carbohydrate), prepared by extensive pronase digestion of the reduced, S-carboxymethylated glycoprotein, exhibited an ellipticity extremum at 212 nm of + 4,750 deg-cm2/dmole, referred to the concentration of (N-acetylated) hexosamines and neuraminic acid.
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231
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Hösli P, Erickson RP, Vogt E. Prospects for prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis: induction of biochemical abnormalities in fibroblasts from patients with cystic fibrosis by a urinary glycoprotein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1976; 73:209-16. [PMID: 999707 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(76)90695-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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232
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Drescher J, Desselberger U, Lubach D. Kinetics of inhibition of influenza virus hemagglutination by homologous antihemagglutinin and antineuraminidase antibodies as measured by means of the photometric antibody concentration unit method. J Virol 1974; 14:1361-8. [PMID: 4431084 PMCID: PMC355663 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.14.6.1361-1368.1974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The kinetics of the reactions of antihemagglutinin (AH) and antineuraminidase (AN) antibodies with homologous influenza virus were examined by use of a photometric hemagglutination inhibition test (antibody concentration unit [ACU] test). The following results were obtained. (i) The isotherms describing the reaction of AN antibodies with homologous virus were found to have much steeper slopes than did the corresponding AH antibody isotherm. This finding indicates that the photometric ACU method can discriminate objectively between AH and AN antibodies. (ii) The reaction of mixtures of AH and AN antibodies with homologous virus was examined and found that AH antibodies combine with virus independently from the presence of AN antibodies, whereas AH antibodies were found to reduce greatly the measurable degree of hemagglutination inhibition by AN antibodies. (iii) A formula was developed and experimentally confirmed by means of which the binding of virus by mixtures of AH and AN antibodies can be predicted. Thereby, the influence of the relative concentration of AH and AN antibodies on the establishing of isotherms and on their subsequent use for antibody titration by means of the photometric ACU method was investigated. It was found that the procedure routinely employed for establishing isotherms yielded data reflecting the reaction of AH antibodies only. As a consequence, the use of these isotherms will identify AH antibodies.
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György P, Jeanloz RW, von Nicolai H, Zilliken F. Undialyzable growth factors for Lactobacillus bifidus var. pennsylvanicus. Protective effect of sialic acid bound to glycoproteins and oligosaccharides against bacterial degradation. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1974; 43:29-33. [PMID: 4838871 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03380.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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234
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Robinson JP, Puett D. Morphological and conformational studies of Tamm-Horsfall urinary glycoprotein. Arch Biochem Biophys 1973. [DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(73)90498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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235
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Kirschenbaum DM. Molar absorptivity and A 1 per cent-1 cm values for proteins at selected wavelengths of the ultraviolet and visible regions. 8. Anal Biochem 1973; 55:166-92. [PMID: 4753144 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(73)90302-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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236
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Schoenfeld LS, Glassock RJ. Renal tubular antigen excretion in normal human urine. I. Immunochemical indentification. Kidney Int 1973; 3:309-14. [PMID: 4209575 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1973.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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237
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Bichler KH, Haupt H, Uhlemann G, Schwick HG. Human uromucoid. I. Quantitative immunoassay. UROLOGICAL RESEARCH 1973; 1:50-9. [PMID: 4204525 DOI: 10.1007/bf00256119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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238
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Kollberg H, Lundblad A, Ekbohm G. Studies in cystic fibrosis. Urinary excretion of hexosamine, sialic acid and fucose. ACTA PAEDIATRICA SCANDINAVICA 1973; 62:279-88. [PMID: 4267340 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1973.tb08104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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239
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Cleave AJ, Kent PW, Peacocke AR. The binding of hydrogen and calcium ions by Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972; 285:208-33. [PMID: 4347237 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(72)90192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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240
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Stevenson FK. The immunological demonstration of an association between maltase activity and proximal tubular cell borders in the rabbit kidney. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972; 282:226-33. [PMID: 4115987 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(72)90328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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241
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Imhof PR, Hushak J, Schumann G, Dukor P, Wagner J, Keller HM. Excretion of urinary casts after the administration of diuretics. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1972; 2:199-202. [PMID: 4553942 PMCID: PMC1787903 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.5807.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The administration of ethacrynic acid and frusemide to healthy volunteers was regularly followed by the excretion of hyaline casts, without any concomitant proteinuria. Hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone did not themselves induce cylindruria but augmented that provoked by acidifying agents. It was shown by the indirect immunofluorescence method that the casts were composed of uromucoid (Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein), which is always present in the urine, usually in solution, and originates predominantly from the tubule cells of the ascending limb of Henle's loop. The urinary excretion of Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein was not increased after the administration of ethacrynic acid. This mucoprotein is precipitated and forms aggregates when the concentration of electrolytes increases and when the pH of the urine declines. The casts that appear in the urine after strenuous physical exertion are of essentially the same composition. Casts produced by patients with kidney diseases, on the other hand, contain various protein fractions derived from the blood as well as mucoprotein. Cylindruria occurring during diuretic therapy and physical exertion is of no pathological significance, and the diagnostic value of byaline casts is very much limited if their exact composition cannot be determined.
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Maury P, Huttunsen JK. Effects of age, sex, fasting and surgery on the excretion of neuraminyllactose and neuraminyl-N-acetyllactosamine in rat urine. Clin Chim Acta 1972; 37:433-41. [PMID: 5022106 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(72)90466-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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244
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Reid PE, Culling CF, Livingstone DJ, Dunn WL. Staining of polymeric carbohydrate half sulphate esters with high iron diamine after cellulose acetate electrophoresis. STAIN TECHNOLOGY 1972; 47:101-2. [PMID: 4113100 DOI: 10.3109/10520297209116458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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245
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Baars AJ, Frankena H, Masurel N. Antigenic relationship of influenza-virus neuraminidases from Asian, Hong Kong, and Equi-2 strains. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1971; 37:209-18. [PMID: 4103831 DOI: 10.1007/bf02218483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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246
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247
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Dudzinski PJ, Petrone AF, Persoff M, Callaghan EE. Acute renal failure following high dose excretory urography in dehydrated patients. J Urol 1971; 106:619-21. [PMID: 5115709 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)61355-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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248
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Oliver CJ, Pike ER, Cleave AJ, Peacocke AR. Determination of the diffusion coefficient and molecular weight of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein by intensity fluctuation spectroscopy. Biopolymers 1971; 10:1731-3. [PMID: 5126136 DOI: 10.1002/bip.360100925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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249
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Candotti A, Ibañez N, Monis B. Carbohydrate content of transitional epithelium of the urinary system. EXPERIENTIA 1971; 27:551-2. [PMID: 5132595 DOI: 10.1007/bf02147595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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250
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Stevenson FK, Cleave AJ, Kent PW. The effect of ions on the viscometric and ultracentrifugal behaviour of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 236:59-66. [PMID: 5577473 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(71)90149-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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