201
|
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa B. Maia
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento
de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - José J. G. Moura
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento
de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Ghosh A, Trivedi PP, Timbalia SA, Griffin AT, Rahn JJ, Chan SSL, Gohil VM. Copper supplementation restores cytochrome c oxidase assembly defect in a mitochondrial disease model of COA6 deficiency. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:3596-606. [PMID: 24549041 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiratory chain biogenesis is orchestrated by hundreds of assembly factors, many of which are yet to be discovered. Using an integrative approach based on clues from evolutionary history, protein localization and human genetics, we have identified a conserved mitochondrial protein, C1orf31/COA6, and shown its requirement for respiratory complex IV biogenesis in yeast, zebrafish and human cells. A recent next-generation sequencing study reported potential pathogenic mutations within the evolutionarily conserved Cx₉CxnCx₁₀C motif of COA6, implicating it in mitochondrial disease biology. Using yeast coa6Δ cells, we show that conserved residues in the motif, including the residue mutated in a patient with mitochondrial disease, are essential for COA6 function, thus confirming the pathogenicity of the patient mutation. Furthermore, we show that zebrafish embryos with zfcoa6 knockdown display reduced heart rate and cardiac developmental defects, recapitulating the observed pathology in the human mitochondrial disease patient who died of neonatal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The specific requirement of Coa6 for respiratory complex IV biogenesis, its intramitochondrial localization and the presence of the Cx₉CxnCx₁₀C motif suggested a role in mitochondrial copper metabolism. In support of this, we show that exogenous copper supplementation completely rescues respiratory and complex IV assembly defects in yeast coa6Δ cells. Taken together, our results establish an evolutionarily conserved role of Coa6 in complex IV assembly and support a causal role of the COA6 mutation in the human mitochondrial disease patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alok Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA and
| | - Prachi P Trivedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA and
| | - Shrishiv A Timbalia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA and
| | - Aaron T Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA and
| | - Jennifer J Rahn
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Sherine S L Chan
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Vishal M Gohil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA and
| |
Collapse
|
203
|
Kommuguri UN, Bodiga S, Bodiga VL. Role of mitochondrial respiration in sensitization of copper-deficient yeast to cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. FRONTIERS IN LIFE SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/21553769.2014.882868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
204
|
Alvarez-Paggi D, Zitare U, Murgida DH. The role of protein dynamics and thermal fluctuations in regulating cytochrome c/cytochrome c oxidase electron transfer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:1196-207. [PMID: 24502917 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this overview we present recent combined electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical, spectroscopic and computational studies from our group on the electron transfer reactions of cytochrome c and of the primary electron acceptor of cytochrome c oxidase, the CuA site, in biomimetic complexes. Based on these results, we discuss how protein dynamics and thermal fluctuations may impact on protein ET reactions, comment on the possible physiological relevance of these results, and finally propose a regulatory mechanism that may operate in the Cyt/CcO electron transfer reaction in vivo. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: 18th European Bioenergetic Conference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damian Alvarez-Paggi
- INQUIMAE-CONICET, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, pab. 2, piso 3, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ulises Zitare
- INQUIMAE-CONICET, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, pab. 2, piso 3, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel H Murgida
- INQUIMAE-CONICET, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, pab. 2, piso 3, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
205
|
No laughing matter: the unmaking of the greenhouse gas dinitrogen monoxide by nitrous oxide reductase. Met Ions Life Sci 2014; 14:177-210. [PMID: 25416395 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-9269-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The gas nitrous oxide (N₂O) is generated in a variety of abiotic, biotic, and anthropogenic processes and it has recently been under scrutiny for its role as a greenhouse gas. A single enzyme, nitrous oxide reductase, is known to reduce N₂O to uncritical N₂, in a two-electron reduction process that is catalyzed at two unusual metal centers containing copper. Nitrous oxide reductase is a bacterial metalloprotein from the metabolic pathway of denitrification, and it forms a 130 kDa homodimer in which the two metal sites CuA and CuZ from opposing monomers are brought into close contact to form the active site of the enzyme. CuA is a binuclear, valence-delocalized cluster that accepts and transfers a single electron. The CuA site of nitrous oxide reductase is highly similar to that of respiratory heme-copper oxidases, but in the denitrification enzyme the site additionally undergoes a conformational change on a ligand that is suggested to function as a gate for electron transfer from an external donor protein. CuZ, the tetranuclear active center of nitrous oxide reductase, is isolated under mild and anoxic conditions as a unique [4Cu:2S] cluster. It is easily desulfurylated to yield a [4Cu:S] state termed CuZ (*) that is functionally distinct. The CuZ form of the cluster is catalytically active, while CuZ (*) is inactive as isolated in the [3Cu(1+):1Cu(2+)] state. However, only CuZ (*) can be reduced to an all-cuprous state by sodium dithionite, yielding a form that shows higher activities than CuZ. As the possibility of a similar reductive activation in the periplasm is unconfirmed, the mechanism and the actual functional state of the enzyme remain under debate. Using enzyme from anoxic preparations with CuZ in the [4Cu:2S] state, N2O was shown to bind between the CuA and CuZ sites, suggesting direct electron transfer from CuA to the substrate after its activation by CuZ.
Collapse
|
206
|
Pirota V, Gennarini F, Dondi D, Monzani E, Casella L, Dell'Acqua S. Dinuclear heme and non-heme metal complexes as bioinspired catalysts for oxidation reactions. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj01279d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
207
|
Karpefors M, Ädelroth P, Aagaard A, Smirnova IA, Brzezinski P. The Deuterium Isotope Effect as a Tool to Investigate Enzyme Catalysis: Proton-Transfer Control Mechanisms in CytochromecOxidase. Isr J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.199900048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
208
|
Ording-Wenker EC, Siegler MA, Lutz M, Bouwman E. CuI Thiolate Reactivity with Dioxygen: The Formation of CuII Sulfinate and CuII Sulfonate Species via a CuII Thiolate Intermediate. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:13113-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ic402001t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erica C.M. Ording-Wenker
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus
Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maxime A. Siegler
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Martin Lutz
- Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Bouwman
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus
Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
209
|
Duneau JP, Sturgis JN. Lateral organization of biological membranes. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2013; 42:843-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-013-0933-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
210
|
Woelke AL, Galstyan G, Galstyan A, Meyer T, Heberle J, Knapp EW. Exploring the Possible Role of Glu286 in CcO by Electrostatic Energy Computations Combined with Molecular Dynamics. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:12432-41. [DOI: 10.1021/jp407250d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lena Woelke
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Physics Department, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gegham Galstyan
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Physics Department, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Artur Galstyan
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Physics Department, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim Meyer
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Physics Department, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Heberle
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Physics Department, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ernst-Walter Knapp
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Physics Department, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Vygodina T, Kirichenko A, Konstantinov AA. Direct regulation of cytochrome c oxidase by calcium ions. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74436. [PMID: 24058566 PMCID: PMC3769247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase from bovine heart binds Ca2+ reversibly at a specific Cation Binding Site located near the outer face of the mitochondrial membrane. Ca2+ shifts the absorption spectrum of heme a, which allowed previously to determine the kinetics and equilibrium characteristics of the binding. However, no effect of Ca2+ on the functional characteristics of cytochrome oxidase was revealed earlier. Here we report that Ca2+ inhibits cytochrome oxidase activity of isolated bovine heart enzyme by 50–60% with Ki of ∼1 µM, close to Kd of calcium binding with the oxidase determined spectrophotometrically. The inhibition is observed only at low, but physiologically relevant, turnover rates of the enzyme (∼10 s−1 or less). No inhibitory effect of Ca2+ is observed under conventional conditions of cytochrome c oxidase activity assays (turnover number >100 s−1 at pH 8), which may explain why the effect was not noticed earlier. The inhibition is specific for Ca2+ and is reversed by EGTA. Na+ ions that compete with Ca2+ for binding with the Cation Binding Site, do not affect significantly activity of the enzyme but counteract the inhibitory effect of Ca2+. The Ca2+-induced inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase is observed also with the uncoupled mitochondria from several rat tissues. At the same time, calcium ions do not inhibit activity of the homologous bacterial cytochrome oxidases. Possible mechanisms of the inhibition are discussed as well as potential physiological role of Ca2+ binding with cytochrome oxidase. Ca2+- binding at the Cation Binding Site is proposed to inhibit proton-transfer through the exit part of the proton conducting pathway H in the mammalian oxidases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Vygodina
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Kirichenko
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Konstantinov
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
212
|
Muramatsu W, Yoshimatsu H. Regio- and Stereochemical Controlled Koenigs-Knorr-Type Monoglycosylation of Secondary Hydroxy Groups in Carbohydrates Utilizing the High Site Recognition Ability of Organotin Catalysts. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
213
|
McRae E, Boris J. Independent evaluation of low-level laser therapy at 635 nm for non-invasive body contouring of the waist, hips, and thighs. Lasers Surg Med 2013; 45:1-7. [PMID: 23355338 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The non-invasive body-contouring segment continues to exhibit uninhibited growth, a trend that has provoked the emergence of numerous body-contouring devices. One particular device, low-level laser therapy at 635 nm (LLLT-635), has exhibited promising clinical results. We performed an independent, physician-led trial to evaluate the utility of LLLT-635 nm for non-invasive body contouring of the waist, hips, and thighs. METHODS Eighty-six participants were retrospectively assessed at an individual clinic in the United States. A multi-head laser device was administered every-other-day for 2 weeks. Each treatment consisted of 20 minutes of anterior and posterior treatment. Patients received concurrent treatment of the waist, hips, and bilateral thighs. Circumferential measurements were evaluated at baseline and one week following the 2-week treatment administration phase. RESULTS Compared with baseline, a statistically significant 2.99 in. (7.59 cm) mean loss was observed at the post-procedure evaluation point (P < 0.0001). When analyzed individually, the waist, hips, and thighs each reported a statistically significant reduction of -1.12, -0.769, and -1.17, respectively. Furthermore, linear regression analysis revealed a weak linear dependence (r = 0.179) between the reported weight and circumference change. CONCLUSION These data further validate the clinical efficacy and safety of LLLT at 635 nm.
Collapse
|
214
|
Sun F, Zhou Q, Pang X, Xu Y, Rao Z. Revealing various coupling of electron transfer and proton pumping in mitochondrial respiratory chain. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2013; 23:526-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
215
|
Wang B, Dong D, Kang YJ. Copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase-1 transfers copper to mitochondria but does not affect cytochrome c oxidase activity. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2013; 238:1017-23. [PMID: 23900152 DOI: 10.1177/1535370213497327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase-1 (CCS-1) is present in the cytosol and in the intermembrane space of mitochondria. It transfers copper ions to superoxide dismutase 1 in the cytosol, but its function in the mitochondria is not clear. The present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that CCS-1 functions in mitochondrial copper homeostasis. Mitochondria were isolated from human umbilical vein endothelial cells and copper concentrations in the mitochondria were measured in the CCS-1 deficient cells made by siRNA targeting the protein. Copper concentrations in the mitochondria were about 10 fold higher than its total concentrations in the cell and the CCS-1 deficiency significantly reduced the copper level in the mitochondria. However, this decrease in the mitochondrial copper concentration did not affect cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) activity. On the other hand, siRNA targeting COX17, a copper chaperone for the CCO, significantly increased the mitochondrial copper concentration, but suppressed the CCO activity. This study thus demonstrates that CCS-1 facilitates copper trafficking to the mitochondria, but does not affect the transfer of copper to the CCO. In addition, the COX17 not only functions in the copper shuttling to the CCO, but also may participate in the copper efflux from the mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Daoyin Dong
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Y James Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
216
|
Lloyd RE, McGeehan JE. Structural analysis of mitochondrial mutations reveals a role for bigenomic protein interactions in human disease. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69003. [PMID: 23874847 PMCID: PMC3706435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the energy producing organelles of the cell, and mutations within their genome can cause numerous and often severe human diseases. At the heart of every mitochondrion is a set of five large multi-protein machines collectively known as the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC). This cellular machinery is central to several processes important for maintaining homeostasis within cells, including the production of ATP. The MRC is unique due to the bigenomic origin of its interacting proteins, which are encoded in the nucleus and mitochondria. It is this, in combination with the sheer number of protein-protein interactions that occur both within and between the MRC complexes, which makes the prediction of function and pathological outcome from primary sequence mutation data extremely challenging. Here we demonstrate how 3D structural analysis can be employed to predict the functional importance of mutations in mtDNA protein-coding genes. We mined the MITOMAP database and, utilizing the latest structural data, classified mutation sites based on their location within the MRC complexes III and IV. Using this approach, four structural classes of mutation were identified, including one underexplored class that interferes with nuclear-mitochondrial protein interactions. We demonstrate that this class currently eludes existing predictive approaches that do not take into account the quaternary structural organization inherent within and between the MRC complexes. The systematic and detailed structural analysis of disease-associated mutations in the mitochondrial Complex III and IV genes significantly enhances the predictive power of existing approaches and our understanding of how such mutations contribute to various pathologies. Given the general lack of any successful therapeutic approaches for disorders of the MRC, these findings may inform the development of new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as new drugs and targets for gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon E. Lloyd
- Cellular and Molecular Neuro-Oncology Group, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - John E. McGeehan
- Biophysics Laboratories, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
217
|
Li Y, Sharma SK, Karlin KD. New heme-dioxygen and carbon monoxide adducts using pyridyl or imidazolyl tailed porphyrins. Polyhedron 2013; 58. [PMID: 24223452 DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2012.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the chemistry relevant to dioxygen storage, transport and activation by metalloproteins, in particular for heme/copper oxidases, and carbon monoxide binding to metal-containing active sites as a probe or surrogate for dioxygen binding, a series of heme derived dioxygen and CO complexes have been designed, synthesized, and characterized with respect to their physical properties and reactivity. The focus of this study is in the description and comparison of three types heme-superoxo and heme-CO adducts. The starting point is in the characterization of the reduced heme complexes, [(F8)FeII], [(PPy)FeII] and [(PIm)FeII], where F8, PPy and PIm are iron(II)-porphyrinates and where PPy and PIm possess a covalently tethered axial base pyridyl or imidazolyl group, respectively. The spin-state properties of these complexes vary with solvent. The low temperature reaction between O2 and these reduced porphyrin FeII complex yield distinctive low spin heme-superoxo adducts. The dioxygen binding properties for all three complexes are shown to be reversible, via alternate argon or O2 bubbling. Carbon monoxide binds to the reduced heme-FeII precursors to form low spin heme-CO adducts. The implications for future investigations of these heme O2 and CO adducts are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
218
|
Zuo X, Dong D, Sun M, Xie H, Kang YJ. Homocysteine restricts copper availability leading to suppression of cytochrome C oxidase activity in phenylephrine-treated cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67549. [PMID: 23818984 PMCID: PMC3688604 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by phenylephrine (PE) is accompanied by suppression of cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) activity, and copper (Cu) supplementation restores CCO activity and reverses the hypertrophy. The present study was aimed to understand the mechanism of PE-induced decrease in CCO activity. Primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with PE at a final concentration of l00 µM in cultures for 72 h to induce cell hypertrophy. The CCO activity was determined by enzymatic assay and changes in CCO subunit COX-IV as well as copper chaperones for CCO (COX17, SCO2, and COX11) were determined by Western blotting. PE treatment increased both intracellular and extracellular homocysteine concentrations and decreased intracellular Cu concentrations. Studies in vitro found that homocysteine and Cu form complexes. Inhibition of the intracellular homocysteine synthesis in the PE-treated cardiomyocytes prevented the increase in the extracellular homocysteine concentration, retained the intracellular Cu concentration, and preserved the CCO activity. PE treatment decreased protein concentrations of the COX-IV, and the Cu chaperones COX17, COX11, and SCO2. These PE effects were prevented by either inhibition of the intracellular homocysteine synthesis or Cu supplementation. Therefore, PE-induced elevation of homocysteine restricts Cu availability through its interaction with Cu and suppression of Cu chaperones, leading to the decrease in CCO enzyme activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zuo
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Daoyin Dong
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huiqi Xie
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y. James Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
219
|
He Q, Cheng X, Wang Y, Qiao R, Yang W, Guo J. Electrochemical and spectroscopic characterization of a dicobalt macrocyclic Pacman complex in the catalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction in acid media. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424612501490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The dicobalt complex [ Co2(L2) ] of a Schiff-base pyrrole macrocycle adopts a Pacman structure in solution and the solid state and shows much greater catalytic activity and selectivity for the four-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) than the mononuclear cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) counterpart. Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) shows that the Co center in Co2(L2) is of the same valence as mononuclear CoPc . However, the former complex shows higher unoccupied Co 3d density which is believed to be beneficial for electron transfers. Furthermore, the XAS data suggests that the crystal fields for Co2(L2) and CoPc are different, and that an interaction remains between two Co atoms in Co2(L2) . DFT calculations imply that the sterically hindered, cofacial structure of the dicobalt complex is critical for the operation of the four-electron reaction pathway during the ORR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinggang He
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry & Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ruimin Qiao
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Wanli Yang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
220
|
Abstract
The mitochondrion is arguably the most complex organelle in the budding yeast cell cytoplasm. It is essential for viability as well as respiratory growth. Its innermost aqueous compartment, the matrix, is bounded by the highly structured inner membrane, which in turn is bounded by the intermembrane space and the outer membrane. Approximately 1000 proteins are present in these organelles, of which eight major constituents are coded and synthesized in the matrix. The import of mitochondrial proteins synthesized in the cytoplasm, and their direction to the correct soluble compartments, correct membranes, and correct membrane surfaces/topologies, involves multiple pathways and macromolecular machines. The targeting of some, but not all, cytoplasmically synthesized mitochondrial proteins begins with translation of messenger RNAs localized to the organelle. Most proteins then pass through the translocase of the outer membrane to the intermembrane space, where divergent pathways sort them to the outer membrane, inner membrane, and matrix or trap them in the intermembrane space. Roughly 25% of mitochondrial proteins participate in maintenance or expression of the organellar genome at the inner surface of the inner membrane, providing 7 membrane proteins whose synthesis nucleates the assembly of three respiratory complexes.
Collapse
|
221
|
Pinakoulaki E, Daskalakis V, Ohta T, Richter OMH, Budiman K, Kitagawa T, Ludwig B, Varotsis C. The protein effect in the structure of two ferryl-oxo intermediates at the same oxidation level in the heme copper binuclear center of cytochrome c oxidase. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:20261-6. [PMID: 23723073 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.468488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of the intermediates and determination of their structures in the reduction of dioxygen to water by cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) are particularly important to understanding both O2 activation and proton pumping by the enzyme. In this work, we report the products of the rapid reaction of O2 with the mixed valence form (CuA(2+), heme a(3+), heme a3(2+)-CuB(1+)) of the enzyme. The resonance Raman results show the formation of two ferryl-oxo species with characteristic Fe(IV)=O stretching modes at 790 and 804 cm(-1) at the peroxy oxidation level (PM). Density functional theory calculations show that the protein environment of the proximal H-bonded His-411 determines the strength of the distal Fe(IV)=O bond. In contrast to previous proposals, the PM intermediate is also formed in the reaction of Y167F with O2. These results suggest that in the fully reduced enzyme, the proton pumping ν(Fe(IV)=O) = 804 cm(-1) to ν(Fe(IV)=O) = 790 cm(-1) transition (P→F, where P is peroxy and F is ferryl) is triggered not only by electron transfer from heme a to heme a3 but also by the formation of the H-bonded form of the His-411-Fe(IV)=O conformer in the proximal site of heme a3. The implications of these results with respect to the role of an O=Fe(IV)-His-411-H-bonded form to the ring A propionate of heme a3-Asp-399-H2O site and, thus, to the exit/output proton channel (H2O) pool during the proton pumping P→F transition are discussed. We propose that the environment proximal to the heme a3 controls the spectroscopic properties of the ferryl intermediates in cytochrome oxidases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eftychia Pinakoulaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P. O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
222
|
Sun T, Ma M, Yan H, Shen J, Su J, Hao A. Vesicular particles directly assembled from the cyclodextrin/UR-144 supramolecular amphiphiles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
223
|
Kakuda S, Peterson RL, Ohkubo K, Karlin KD, Fukuzumi S. Enhanced catalytic four-electron dioxygen (O2) and two-electron hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) reduction with a copper(II) complex possessing a pendant ligand pivalamido group. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:6513-22. [PMID: 23509853 PMCID: PMC3682076 DOI: 10.1021/ja3125977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A copper complex, [(PV-tmpa)Cu(II)](ClO4)2 (1) [PV-tmpa = bis(pyrid-2-ylmethyl){[6-(pivalamido)pyrid-2-yl]methyl}amine], acts as a more efficient catalyst for the four-electron reduction of O2 by decamethylferrocene (Fc*) in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid (CF3COOH) in acetone as compared with the corresponding copper complex without a pivalamido group, [(tmpa)Cu(II)](ClO4)2 (2) (tmpa = tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine). The rate constant (k(obs)) of formation of decamethylferrocenium ion (Fc*(+)) in the catalytic four-electron reduction of O2 by Fc* in the presence of a large excess CF3COOH and O2 obeyed first-order kinetics. The k(obs) value was proportional to the concentration of catalyst 1 or 2, whereas the k(obs) value remained constant irrespective of the concentration of CF3COOH or O2. This indicates that electron transfer from Fc* to 1 or 2 is the rate-determining step in the catalytic cycle of the four-electron reduction of O2 by Fc* in the presence of CF3COOH. The second-order catalytic rate constant (k(cat)) for 1 is 4 times larger than the corresponding value determined for 2. With the pivalamido group in 1 compared to 2, the Cu(II)/Cu(I) potentials are -0.23 and -0.05 V vs SCE, respectively. However, during catalytic turnover, the CF3COO(-) anion present readily binds to 2 shifting the resulting complex's redox potential to -0.35 V. The pivalamido group in 1 is found to inhibit anion binding. The overall effect is to make 1 easier to reduce (relative to 2) during catalysis, accounting for the relative k(cat) values observed. 1 is also an excellent catalyst for the two-electron two-proton reduction of H2O2 to water and is also more efficient than is 2. For both complexes, reaction rates are greater than for the overall four-electron O2-reduction to water, an important asset in the design of catalysts for the latter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saya Kakuda
- Department of Material and Life Science, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, ALCA (JST), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryan L. Peterson
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Material and Life Science, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, ALCA (JST), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenneth D. Karlin
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Bioinspired Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Bioinspired Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
224
|
Ashe D, Alleyne T, Sampson V. Substrate binding-dissociation and intermolecular electron transfer in cytochrome c oxidase are driven by energy-dependent conformational changes in the enzyme and substrate. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2013; 59:213-22. [PMID: 23586831 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of O₂ by cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is critical to the cellular production of adenosine-5'-triphosphate; COX obtains the four electrons required for this process from ferrocytochrome c. The COX-cytochrome c enzyme-substrate complex is stabilized by electrostatic interactions via carboxylates on COX and lysines on cytochrome c. Conformational changes are believed to play a role in ferrocytochrome c oxidation and release and in rapid intramolecular transfer of electrons within COX, but the details are unclear. To gather specific information about the extent and relevance of conformational changes, we performed bioinformatics studies using the published structures of both proteins. For both proteins, we studied the surface accessibility and energy, as a function of the proteins' oxidation state. The residues of reduced cytochrome c showed greater surface accessibility and were at a higher energy than those of the oxidized cytochrome c. Also, most residues of the core subunits (I, II, and III) of COX showed low accessibility, ∼35%, and compared to the oxidized subunits, the reduced subunits had higher energies. We concluded that substrate binding and dissociation is modulated by specific redox-dependent conformational changes. We further conclude that high energy and structural relaxation of reduced cytochrome c and core COX subunits drive their rapid electron transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damian Ashe
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad, West Indies
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
225
|
Warner DS, Limberg C, Mebs S. Synthesis of a Chiral, Polydentate Ligand System Setting Out fromL-Cysteine and First Nickel Complexes Thereof. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
226
|
Woo DK, Jung YW, O'Brien KM, Poyton RO. Molecular characterization of a mitochondrial mutant carrying point mutations in the 3′ untranslated region of theCOX3mRNA fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2013.782898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
227
|
Ladomenou K, Charalambidis G, Coutsolelos AG. CO and O2 binding studies of new model complexes for CcO. Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2013.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
228
|
|
229
|
Das D, Lee YM, Ohkubo K, Nam W, Karlin KD, Fukuzumi S. Acid-induced mechanism change and overpotential decrease in dioxygen reduction catalysis with a dinuclear copper complex. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:4018-26. [PMID: 23442145 DOI: 10.1021/ja312256u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic four-electron reduction of O2 by ferrocene (Fc) and 1,1'-dimethylferrocene (Me2Fc) occurs efficiently with a dinuclear copper(II) complex [Cu(II)2(XYLO)(OH)](2+) (1), where XYLO is a m-xylene-linked bis[(2-(2-pyridyl)ethyl)amine] dinucleating ligand with copper-bridging phenolate moiety], in the presence of perchloric acid (HClO4) in acetone at 298 K. The hydroxide and phenoxo group in [Cu(II)2(XYLO)(OH)](2+) (1) undergo protonation with HClO4 to produce [Cu(II)2(XYLOH)](4+) (2) where the two copper centers become independent and the reduction potential shifts from -0.68 V vs SCE in the absence of HClO4 to 0.47 V; this makes possible the use of relatively weak one-electron reductants such as Fc and Me2Fc, significantly reducing the effective overpotential in the catalytic O2-reduction reaction. The mechanism of the reaction has been clarified on the basis of kinetic studies on the overall catalytic reaction as well as each step in the catalytic cycle and also by low-temperature detection of intermediates. The O2-binding to the fully reduced complex [Cu(I)2(XYLOH)](2+) (3) results in the reversible formation of the hydroperoxo complex ([Cu(II)2(XYLO)(OOH)](2+)) (4), followed by proton-coupled electron-transfer (PCET) reduction to complete the overall O2-to-2H2O catalytic conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipanwita Das
- Department of Bioinspired Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
230
|
Das D, Lee YM, Ohkubo K, Nam W, Karlin KD, Fukuzumi S. Temperature-independent catalytic two-electron reduction of dioxygen by ferrocenes with a copper(II) tris[2-(2-pyridyl)ethyl]amine catalyst in the presence of perchloric acid. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:2825-34. [PMID: 23394287 DOI: 10.1021/ja312523u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Selective two-electron plus two-proton (2e(-)/2H(+)) reduction of O(2) to hydrogen peroxide by ferrocene (Fc) or 1,1'-dimethylferrocene (Me(2)Fc) in the presence of perchloric acid is catalyzed efficiently by a mononuclear copper(II) complex, [Cu(II)(tepa)](2+) (1; tepa = tris[2-(2-pyridyl)ethyl]amine) in acetone. The E(1/2) value for [Cu(II)(tepa)](2+) as measured by cyclic voltammetry is 0.07 V vs Fc/Fc(+) in acetone, being significantly positive, which makes it possible to use relatively weak one-electron reductants such as Fc and Me(2)Fc for the overall two-electron reduction of O(2). Fast electron transfer from Fc or Me(2)Fc to 1 affords the corresponding Cu(I) complex [Cu(I)(tepa)](+) (2), which reacts at low temperature (193 K) with O(2), however only in the presence of HClO(4), to afford the hydroperoxo complex [Cu(II)(tepa)(OOH)](+) (3). A detailed kinetic study on the homogeneous catalytic system reveals the rate-determining step to be the O(2)-binding process in the presence of HClO(4) at lower temperature as well as at room temperature. The O(2)-binding kinetics in the presence of HClO(4) were studied, demonstrating that the rate of formation of the hydroperoxo complex 3 as well as the overall catalytic reaction remained virtually the same with changing temperature. The apparent lack of activation energy for the catalytic two-electron reduction of O(2) is shown to result from the existence of a pre-equilibrium between 2 and O(2) prior to the formation of the hydroperoxo complex 3. No further reduction of [Cu(II)(tepa)(OOH)](+) (3) by Fc or Me(2)Fc occurred, and instead 3 is protonated by HClO(4) to yield H(2)O(2) accompanied by regeneration of 1, thus completing the catalytic cycle for the two-electron reduction of O(2) by Fc or Me(2)Fc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipanwita Das
- Department of Bioinspired Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
231
|
Clemente P, Peralta S, Cruz-Bermudez A, Echevarría L, Fontanesi F, Barrientos A, Fernandez-Moreno MA, Garesse R. hCOA3 stabilizes cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COX1) and promotes cytochrome c oxidase assembly in human mitochondria. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:8321-8331. [PMID: 23362268 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.422220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) or complex IV of the mitochondrial respiratory chain plays a fundamental role in energy production of aerobic cells. In humans, COX deficiency is the most frequent cause of mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. Human COX is composed of 13 subunits of dual genetic origin, whose assembly requires an increasing number of nuclear-encoded accessory proteins known as assembly factors. Here, we have identified and characterized human CCDC56, an 11.7-kDa mitochondrial transmembrane protein, as a new factor essential for COX biogenesis. CCDC56 shares sequence similarity with the yeast COX assembly factor Coa3 and was termed hCOA3. hCOA3-silenced cells display a severe COX functional alteration owing to a decreased stability of newly synthesized COX1 and an impairment in the holoenzyme assembly process. We show that hCOA3 physically interacts with both the mitochondrial translation machinery and COX structural subunits. We conclude that hCOA3 stabilizes COX1 co-translationally and promotes its assembly with COX partner subunits. Finally, our results identify hCOA3 as a new candidate when screening for genes responsible for mitochondrial diseases associated with COX deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Clemente
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Peralta
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Cruz-Bermudez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Echevarría
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Flavia Fontanesi
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Antoni Barrientos
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136; Department of Biochemistry, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Miguel A Fernandez-Moreno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28029 Madrid, Spain; MITOLAB Consortium P2010/BMD-2402, Comunidad de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Garesse
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28029 Madrid, Spain; MITOLAB Consortium P2010/BMD-2402, Comunidad de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
232
|
Maas AE, Blanco-Bercial L, Lawson GL. Reexamination of the species assignment of Diacavolinia pteropods using DNA barcoding. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53889. [PMID: 23335979 PMCID: PMC3545881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Thecosome pteropods (Mollusca, Gastropoda) are an ecologically important, diverse, and ubiquitous group of holoplanktonic animals that are the focus of intense research interest due to their external aragonite shell and vulnerability to ocean acidification. Characterizing the response of these animals to low pH and other environmental stressors has been hampered by continued uncertainty in their taxonomic identification. An example of this confusion in species assignment is found in the genus Diacavolinia. All members of this genus were originally indentified as a single species, Cavolinia longirostris, but over the past fifty years the taxonomy has been revisited multiple times; currently the genus comprises 22 different species. This study examines five species of Diacavolinia, including four sampled in the Northeast Atlantic (78 individuals) and one from the Eastern tropical North Pacific (15 individuals). Diacavolina were identified to species based on morphological characteristics according to the current taxonomy, photographed, and then used to determine the sequence of the "DNA barcoding" region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). Specimens from the Atlantic, despite distinct differences in shell morphology, showed polyphyly and a genetic divergence of <3% (K2P distance) whereas the Pacific and Atlantic samples were more distant (≈ 19%). Comparisons of Diacavolinia spp. with other Cavolinia spp. reveal larger distances (≈ 24%). These results indicate that specimens from the Atlantic comprise a single monophyletic species and suggest possible species-level divergence between Atlantic and Pacific populations. The findings support the maintenance of Diacavolinia as a separate genus, yet emphasize the inadequacy of our current taxonomic understanding of pteropods. They highlight the need for accurate species identifications to support estimates of biodiversity, range extent and natural exposure of these planktonic calcifiers to environmental variability; furthermore, the apparent variation of the pteropods shell may have implications for our understanding of the species' sensitivity to ocean acidification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Maas
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
233
|
Horan MP, Rumbley JN, Melvin RG, Le Couteur DG, Ballard JWO. Quaternary protein modeling to predict the function of DNA variation found in human mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. J Hum Genet 2013; 58:127-34. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2012.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
234
|
García-Sánchez MA, Rojas-González F, Menchaca-Campos EC, Tello-Solís SR, Quiroz-Segoviano RIY, Diaz-Alejo LA, Salas-Bañales E, Campero A. Crossed and linked histories of tetrapyrrolic macrocycles and their use for engineering pores within sol-gel matrices. Molecules 2013; 18:588-653. [PMID: 23292327 PMCID: PMC6270341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18010588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The crossed and linked histories of tetrapyrrolic macrocycles, interwoven with new research discoveries, suggest that Nature has found in these structures a way to ensure the continuity of life. For diverse applications porphyrins or phthalocyanines must be trapped inside solid networks, but due to their nature, these compounds cannot be introduced by thermal diffusion; the sol-gel method makes possible this insertion through a soft chemical process. The methodologies for trapping or bonding macrocycles inside pristine or organo-modified silica or inside ZrO₂ xerogels were developed by using phthalocyanines and porphyrins as molecular probes. The sizes of the pores formed depend on the structure, the cation nature, and the identities and positions of peripheral substituents of the macrocycle. The interactions of the macrocyclic molecule and surface Si-OH groups inhibit the efficient displaying of the macrocycle properties and to avoid this undesirable event, strategies such as situating the macrocycle far from the pore walls or to exchange the Si-OH species by alkyl or aryl groups have been proposed. Spectroscopic properties are better preserved when long unions are established between the macrocycle and the pore walls, or when oligomeric macrocyclic species are trapped inside each pore. When macrocycles are trapped inside organo-modified silica, their properties result similar to those displayed in solution and their intensities depend on the length of the alkyl chain attached to the matrix. These results support the prospect of tuning up the pore size, surface area, and polarity inside the pore cavities in order to prepare efficient catalytic, optical, sensoring, and medical systems. The most important feature is that research would confirm again that tetrapyrrolic macrocycles can help in the development of the authentic pore engineering in materials science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A García-Sánchez
- Departamento de Quimica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Vicentina, D. F. 09340, Mexico.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
235
|
Zhang S, Warren TH. Three coordinate models for the binuclear CuA electron-transfer site. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc21936d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
236
|
Wilson TD, Yu Y, Lu Y. Understanding copper-thiolate containing electron transfer centers by incorporation of unnatural amino acids and the CuA center into the type 1 copper protein azurin. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
237
|
Saen-Oon S, Lucas MF, Guallar V. Electron transfer in proteins: theory, applications and future perspectives. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:15271-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50484k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
238
|
Sun T, Yan H, Liu G, Hao J, Su J, Li S, Xing P, Hao A. Strategy of Directly Employing Paclitaxel To Construct Vesicles. J Phys Chem B 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/jp310261j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Hui Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng Universtiy, Liaocheng 252000,
PR China
| | - Guangcun Liu
- Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250018,
PR China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Jie Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Shangyang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Pengyao Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Aiyou Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
239
|
Cotelesage JJ, Pushie MJ, Grochulski P, Pickering IJ, George GN. Metalloprotein active site structure determination: Synergy between X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 115:127-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
240
|
Shiga D, Funahashi Y, Masuda H, Kikuchi A, Noda M, Uchiyama S, Fukui K, Kanaori K, Tajima K, Takano Y, Nakamura H, Kamei M, Tanaka T. Creation of a Binuclear Purple Copper Site within a de Novo Coiled-Coil Protein. Biochemistry 2012; 51:7901-7. [DOI: 10.1021/bi3007884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Shiga
- Department
of Material Sciences,
Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-chou, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Funahashi
- Department
of Material Sciences,
Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-chou, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hideki Masuda
- Department
of Material Sciences,
Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-chou, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kikuchi
- Department of Disease Control
and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, 13-1 Takara-machi Kanazawa, Ishikawa
920-8641 Japan
- Biometal Science
Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1,
Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148,
Japan
| | - Masanori Noda
- Department of Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Susumu Uchiyama
- Department of Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kiichi Fukui
- Department of Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenji Kanaori
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyou-ku,
Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Tajima
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyou-ku,
Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yu Takano
- Institute
for Protein Research, Osaka University,
3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - Haruki Nakamura
- Institute
for Protein Research, Osaka University,
3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - Misato Kamei
- Department
of Material Sciences,
Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-chou, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Toshiki Tanaka
- Department
of Material Sciences,
Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-chou, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
241
|
Balsa E, Marco R, Perales-Clemente E, Szklarczyk R, Calvo E, Landázuri MO, Enríquez JA. NDUFA4 is a subunit of complex IV of the mammalian electron transport chain. Cell Metab 2012; 16:378-86. [PMID: 22902835 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative phosphorylation system is one of the best-characterized metabolic pathways. In mammals, the protein components and X-ray structures are defined for all complexes except complex I. Here, we show that NDUFA4, formerly considered a constituent of NADH Dehydrogenase (CI), is instead a component of the cytochrome c oxidase (CIV). Deletion of NDUFA4 does not perturb CI. Rather, proteomic, genetic, evolutionary, and biochemical analyses reveal that NDUFA4 plays a role in CIV function and biogenesis. The change in the attribution of the NDUFA4 protein requires renaming of the gene and reconsideration of the structure of CIV. Furthermore, NDUFA4 should be considered a candidate gene for CIV rather than CI deficiencies in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Balsa
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
242
|
Kellett A, Howe O, O'Connor M, McCann M, Creaven BS, McClean S, Foltyn-Arfa Kia A, Casey A, Devereux M. Radical-induced DNA damage by cytotoxic square-planar copper(II) complexes incorporating o-phthalate and 1,10-phenanthroline or 2,2'-dipyridyl. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:564-76. [PMID: 22659117 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
DNA-targeting copper(II) reagents have emerged as suitable drug candidates owing to the clinical success of the copper-activated, natural chemotherapeutic drug bleomycin. This agent and the synthetic chemical nuclease copper(II) bis-1,10-phenanthroline represent important templates for inorganic drug design owing to their ability to initiate free radical DNA scission. Herein, we report the synthesis and biological properties of 1:1:1 square-planar copper(II) complexes incorporating the dicarboxylate o-phthalate and 1,10-phenanthroline (1) or 2,2'-dipyridyl (2) ligands. Their broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic potential has been assessed at 24- and 96-h intervals, along with that of the clinical agent cisplatin, using breast (MCF-7), prostate (DU145), colon (HT29), and intrinsically cisplatin-resistant ovarian (SK-OV-3) human cancer cells. 1 represents a potent cytotoxic agent with IC(50) values ranging from 5.6 to 3.4μM across all cell lines, including SK-OV-3. The production of endogenous reactive oxygen species within SK-OV-3 cancer cells was monitored using the fluorophore 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate, and results indicate a concentration-dependent propensity toward ROS generation by 1 and 2 that mirrors their antitumoral behavior. DNA interaction studies, using fluorescence and viscosity measurements, were conducted in tandem with the DNA-targeting drugs actinomycin D and pentamidine, using calf thymus DNA, poly[d(A-T)(2)], and poly[d(G-C)(2)], with intercalation of 1 and 2 at the minor groove appearing to be the likely interaction mode. DNA cleavage reactions using superhelical plasmid DNA, in the presence of exogenous reductant, l-ascorbic acid, revealed excellent agreement between double-stranded DNA scission capability and antitumoral IC(50) concentration. The presence of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) was confirmed within SK-OV-3 cancer cells using immunodetection of γ-H2AX foci by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry, with complex 1 quantitatively producing superior numbers of DSBs compared with complex 2. Superoxide dismutase and catalase mimetic activity assays were conducted, and these activities are related to the ability of both complexes to cleave DNA through free radical generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kellett
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
243
|
Gamberi T, Puglia M, Bianchi L, Gimigliano A, Landi C, Magherini F, Guidi F, Ranaldi F, Armini A, Cipriano M, Gagliardi A, Modesti A, Bini L. Evaluation ofSCO1deletion onSaccharomyces cerevisiaemetabolism through a proteomic approach. Proteomics 2012; 12:1767-80. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Gamberi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences; University of Florence; Florence Italy
| | - Michele Puglia
- Department of Biotechnologies; University of Siena; Siena Italy
| | - Laura Bianchi
- Department of Biotechnologies; University of Siena; Siena Italy
| | - Anna Gimigliano
- Department of Biotechnologies; University of Siena; Siena Italy
| | - Claudia Landi
- Department of Biotechnologies; University of Siena; Siena Italy
| | | | - Francesca Guidi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences; University of Florence; Florence Italy
| | - Francesco Ranaldi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences; University of Florence; Florence Italy
| | | | - Maria Cipriano
- Department of Biotechnologies; University of Siena; Siena Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Modesti
- Department of Biochemical Sciences; University of Florence; Florence Italy
| | - Luca Bini
- Department of Biotechnologies; University of Siena; Siena Italy
| |
Collapse
|
244
|
Soto IC, Fontanesi F, Liu J, Barrientos A. Biogenesis and assembly of eukaryotic cytochrome c oxidase catalytic core. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2012; 1817:883-97. [PMID: 21958598 PMCID: PMC3262112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Revised: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. COX is a multimeric enzyme formed by subunits of dual genetic origin which assembly is intricate and highly regulated. The COX catalytic core is formed by three mitochondrial DNA encoded subunits, Cox1, Cox2 and Cox3, conserved in the bacterial enzyme. Their biogenesis requires the action of messenger-specific and subunit-specific factors which facilitate the synthesis, membrane insertion, maturation or assembly of the core subunits. The study of yeast strains and human cell lines from patients carrying mutations in structural subunits and COX assembly factors has been invaluable to identify these ancillary factors. Here we review the current state of knowledge of the biogenesis and assembly of the eukaryotic COX catalytic core and discuss the degree of conservation of the players and mechanisms operating from yeast to human. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Biogenesis/Assembly of Respiratory Enzyme Complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ileana C. Soto
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. Miami, FL
| | - Flavia Fontanesi
- Department of Neurology. University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. Miami, FL
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. Miami, FL
| | - Antoni Barrientos
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. Miami, FL
- Department of Neurology. University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. Miami, FL
| |
Collapse
|
245
|
Peralta S, Clemente P, Sánchez-Martínez A, Calleja M, Hernández-Sierra R, Matsushima Y, Adán C, Ugalde C, Fernández-Moreno MÁ, Kaguni LS, Garesse R. Coiled coil domain-containing protein 56 (CCDC56) is a novel mitochondrial protein essential for cytochrome c oxidase function. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:24174-85. [PMID: 22610097 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.343764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In Drosophila melanogaster, the mitochondrial transcription factor B1 (d-mtTFB1) transcript contains in its 5'-untranslated region a conserved upstream open reading frame denoted as CG42630 in FlyBase. We demonstrate that CG42630 encodes a novel protein, the coiled coil domain-containing protein 56 (CCDC56), conserved in metazoans. We show that Drosophila CCDC56 protein localizes to mitochondria and contains 87 amino acids in flies and 106 in humans with the two proteins sharing 42% amino acid identity. We show by rapid amplification of cDNA ends and Northern blotting that Drosophila CCDC56 protein and mtTFB1 are encoded on a bona fide bicistronic transcript. We report the generation and characterization of two ccdc56 knock-out lines in Drosophila carrying the ccdc56(D6) and ccdc56(D11) alleles. Lack of the CCDC56 protein in flies induces a developmental delay and 100% lethality by arrest of larval development at the third instar. ccdc56 knock-out larvae show a significant decrease in the level of fully assembled cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and in its activity, suggesting a defect in complex assembly; the activity of the other oxidative phosphorylation complexes remained either unaffected or increased in the ccdc56 knock-out larvae. The lethal phenotype and the decrease in COX were partially rescued by reintroduction of a wild-type UAS-ccdc56 transgene. These results indicate an important role for CCDC56 in the oxidative phosphorylation system and in particular in COX function required for proper development in D. melanogaster. We propose CCDC56 as a candidate factor required for COX biogenesis/assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Peralta
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) Facultad de Medicina, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
246
|
Larsen R, Gouveia Z, Soares MP, Gozzelino R. Heme cytotoxicity and the pathogenesis of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Front Pharmacol 2012; 3:77. [PMID: 22586395 PMCID: PMC3343703 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2012.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme, iron (Fe) protoporphyrin IX, functions as a prosthetic group in a range of hemoproteins essential to support life under aerobic conditions. The Fe contained within the prosthetic heme groups of these hemoproteins can catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species. Presumably for this reason, heme must be sequestered within those hemoproteins, thereby shielding the reactivity of its Fe-heme. However, under pathologic conditions associated with oxidative stress, some hemoproteins can release their prosthetic heme groups. While this heme is not necessarily damaging per se, it becomes highly cytotoxic in the presence of a range of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor. This can lead to tissue damage and, as such, exacerbate the pathologic outcome of several immune-mediated inflammatory conditions. Presumably, targeting “free heme” may be used as a therapeutic intervention against these diseases.
Collapse
|
247
|
Kim HJ, Khalimonchuk O, Smith PM, Winge DR. Structure, function, and assembly of heme centers in mitochondrial respiratory complexes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2012; 1823:1604-16. [PMID: 22554985 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The sequential flow of electrons in the respiratory chain, from a low reduction potential substrate to O(2), is mediated by protein-bound redox cofactors. In mitochondria, hemes-together with flavin, iron-sulfur, and copper cofactors-mediate this multi-electron transfer. Hemes, in three different forms, are used as a protein-bound prosthetic group in succinate dehydrogenase (complex II), in bc(1) complex (complex III) and in cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV). The exact function of heme b in complex II is still unclear, and lags behind in operational detail that is available for the hemes of complex III and IV. The two b hemes of complex III participate in the unique bifurcation of electron flow from the oxidation of ubiquinol, while heme c of the cytochrome c subunit, Cyt1, transfers these electrons to the peripheral cytochrome c. The unique heme a(3), with Cu(B), form a catalytic site in complex IV that binds and reduces molecular oxygen. In addition to providing catalytic and electron transfer operations, hemes also serve a critical role in the assembly of these respiratory complexes, which is just beginning to be understood. In the absence of heme, the assembly of complex II is impaired, especially in mammalian cells. In complex III, a covalent attachment of the heme to apo-Cyt1 is a prerequisite for the complete assembly of bc(1), whereas in complex IV, heme a is required for the proper folding of the Cox 1 subunit and subsequent assembly. In this review, we provide further details of the aforementioned processes with respect to the hemes of the mitochondrial respiratory complexes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Cell Biology of Metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung J Kim
- University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Department of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
248
|
Hederstedt L. Heme A biosynthesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2012; 1817:920-7. [PMID: 22484221 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Respiration in plants, most animals and many aerobic microbes is dependent on heme A. This is a highly specialized type of heme found as prosthetic group in cytochrome a-containing respiratory oxidases. Heme A differs structurally from heme B (protoheme IX) by the presence of a hydroxyethylfarnesyl group instead of a vinyl side group at the C2 position and a formyl group instead of a methyl side group at position C8 of the porphyrin macrocycle. Heme A synthase catalyzes the formation of the formyl side group and is a poorly understood heme-containing membrane bound atypical monooxygenase. This review presents our current understanding of heme A synthesis at the molecular level in mitochondria and aerobic bacteria. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Biogenesis/Assembly of Respiratory Enzyme Complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Hederstedt
- Microbiology Group, Department of Biology, Lund University, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
249
|
Copper(I)/(II) or silver(I) ions towards 2-mercaptopyrimidine: An exploration of a chemical variability with possible biological implication. Inorganica Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2011.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
250
|
Jackson RF, Stern FA, Neira R, Ortiz-Neira CL, Maloney J. Application of Low-Level Laser Therapy for Noninvasive Body Contouring. Lasers Surg Med 2012; 44:211-7. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|