201
|
Sundar IK, Li D, Rahman I. Small RNA-sequence analysis of plasma-derived extracellular vesicle miRNAs in smokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as circulating biomarkers. J Extracell Vesicles 2019; 8:1684816. [PMID: 31762962 PMCID: PMC6848892 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1684816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a vital role in normal lung physiology to maintain homeostasis in the airways via intercellular communication. EVs include exosomes and microvesicles, and are characterized by their phospholipid bilayers. EVs have been recognized as novel circulating biomarkers of disease, which are released by different cell types. In this study, we used different EV isolation and purification methods to characterize the plasma-derived EV miRNAs from non-smokers, smokers and patients with COPD. A small RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) approach was adapted to identify novel circulating EV miRNAs. We found that plasma-derived EVs from non-smokers, smokers and patients with COPD vary in their size, concentration, distribution and phenotypic characteristics as confirmed by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and immunoblot analysis of EV surface markers. RNA-seq analysis confirmed the most abundant types of small RNAs, such as miRNAs, tRNAs, piRNAs snRNAs, snoRNAs and other biotypes in plasma-derived EVs. We mainly focused on miRNAs as novel biomarkers in smokers and patients with COPD for further analysis. Differential expression by DESeq2 identified distinct miRNA profiles (up-regulated: miR-22-3p, miR-99a-5p, miR-151a-5p, miR-320b, miR-320d; and down-regulated: miR-335-5p, miR-628-3p, miR-887-5p and miR-937-3p) in COPD versus smokers or non-smokers in a pairwise comparison. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of differentially expressed miRNAs revealed the top pathways, gene ontology and diseases associated with smokers and patients with COPD. We selectively validated miRNAs in EVs isolated from BEAS-2B cells treated with cigarette smoke extract by quantitative PCR analysis. For the first time, we report that plasma-derived EV miRNAs are novel circulating pulmonary disease biomarkers. Thus, molecular profiling of EV miRNAs has great translational potential for the development of biomarkers that may be used in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics of COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Clinical & Translational Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Barnes PJ. Small airway fibrosis in COPD. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 116:105598. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
203
|
Osteopontin Expression in Small Airway Epithelium in Copd is Dependent on Differentiation and Confined to Subsets of Cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15566. [PMID: 31664154 PMCID: PMC6820743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52208-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) plays a role in inflammation via recruitment of neutrophils and tissue remodeling. In this study, we investigated the distribution of OPN-expressing cells in the airway epithelium of normal lung tissue and that from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OPN was detected on the epithelial cell surface of small airways and in scattered cells within the epithelial cell layer. Staining revealed higher OPN concentrations in tissue showing moderate to severe COPD compared to that in controls. In addition, OPN expression was confined to goblet and club cells, and was absent from ciliated and basal cells as detected via immunohistochemistry. However, OPN expression was up-regulated in submerged basal cells cultures exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) extract. Cell fractioning of air-liquid interface cultures revealed increased OPN production from basal compartment cells compared to that in luminal fraction cells. Furthermore, both constitutive and CS-induced expression of OPN decreased during differentiation. In contrast, cultures stimulated with interleukin (IL)-13 to promote goblet cell hyperplasia showed increased OPN production in response to CS exposure. These results indicate that the cellular composition of the airway epithelium plays an important role in OPN expression and that these levels may reflect disease endotypes in COPD.
Collapse
|
204
|
Wu X, van Dijk EM, Ng-Blichfeldt JP, Bos IST, Ciminieri C, Königshoff M, Kistemaker LEM, Gosens R. Mesenchymal WNT-5A/5B Signaling Represses Lung Alveolar Epithelial Progenitors. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101147. [PMID: 31557955 PMCID: PMC6829372 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a worldwide concern with high morbidity and mortality, and is believed to be associated with accelerated ageing of the lung. Alveolar abnormalities leading to emphysema are a key characteristic of COPD. Pulmonary alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AT2) produce surfactant and function as progenitors for type 1 cells. Increasing evidence shows elevated WNT-5A/B expression in ageing and in COPD that may contribute to the disease process. However, supportive roles for WNT-5A/B in lung regeneration were also reported in different studies. Thus, we explored the role of WNT-5A/B on alveolar epithelial progenitors (AEPs) in more detail. We established a Precision-Cut-Lung Slices (PCLS) model and a lung organoid model by co-culturing epithelial cells (EpCAM+/CD45-/CD31-) with fibroblasts in matrigel in vitro to study the impact of WNT-5A and WNT-5B. Our results show that WNT-5A and WNT-5B repress the growth of epithelial progenitors with WNT-5B preferentially restraining the growth and differentiation of alveolar epithelial progenitors. We provide evidence that both WNT-5A and WNT-5B negatively regulate the canonical WNT signaling pathway in alveolar epithelium. Taken together, these findings reveal the functional impact of WNT-5A/5B signaling on alveolar epithelial progenitors in the lung, which may contribute to defective alveolar repair in COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Wu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Eline M van Dijk
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - John-Poul Ng-Blichfeldt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - I Sophie T Bos
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Chiara Ciminieri
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, CO 80045 Aurora, USA.
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, CO 80045 Aurora, USA.
| | - Loes E M Kistemaker
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Aquilo BV, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
205
|
Coste F, Benlala I, Dournes G, Girodet PO, Laurent F, Berger P. Assessing pulmonary hypertension in COPD. Is there a role for computed tomography? Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:2065-2079. [PMID: 31564854 PMCID: PMC6732516 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s207363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Reference standard method to diagnose PH is right heart catheterization. Several non-invasive imaging techniques have been employed in the detection of PH. Among them, computed tomography (CT) is the most commonly used for phenotyping and detecting complications of COPD. Several CT findings have also been described in patients with severe PH. Nevertheless, CT analysis is currently based on visual findings which can lead to reproducibility failure. Therefore, there is a need for quantification in order to assess objective criteria. In this review, progresses in automated analyses of CT parameters and their values in predicting PH and COPD outcomes are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florence Coste
- University Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Bordeaux, F-33000 France.,Inserm, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC1401, Bordeaux, F-33000 France
| | - Ilyes Benlala
- University Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Bordeaux, F-33000 France.,Inserm, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC1401, Bordeaux, F-33000 France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Imagerie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, CIC1401, Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Pessac, F-33600 France
| | - Gaël Dournes
- University Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Bordeaux, F-33000 France.,Inserm, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC1401, Bordeaux, F-33000 France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Imagerie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, CIC1401, Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Pessac, F-33600 France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Girodet
- University Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Bordeaux, F-33000 France.,Inserm, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC1401, Bordeaux, F-33000 France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Imagerie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, CIC1401, Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Pessac, F-33600 France
| | - François Laurent
- University Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Bordeaux, F-33000 France.,Inserm, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC1401, Bordeaux, F-33000 France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Imagerie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, CIC1401, Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Pessac, F-33600 France
| | - Patrick Berger
- University Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Bordeaux, F-33000 France.,Inserm, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC1401, Bordeaux, F-33000 France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Imagerie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, CIC1401, Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Pessac, F-33600 France
| |
Collapse
|
206
|
van Eeden SF, Hogg JC. Immune-Modulation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Current Concepts and Future Strategies. Respiration 2019; 99:550-565. [PMID: 31480060 DOI: 10.1159/000502261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is caused by the chronic inhalation of toxic particles and gases that are primarily but not exclusively derived from cigarette smoke that may be either actively or passively inhaled, which initiates a persistent innate and adaptive immune response in the lung. This immune response is associated with an aberrant tissue repair and remodeling process that results in varying degrees of chronic inflammation with excess production of mucus in the central airways and permanent destruction of the smaller conducting airways and gas exchanging surface in the peripheral lung. Currently, the primary aims of treatment in COPD are bronchodilation (inhaled short- and long-acting β-agonist and antimuscarinic therapies), to control symptoms and nonspecific broad-acting anti-inflammatory agents (inhaled and oral corticosteroids, phosphor-di-esterase inhibitors, and macrolides). That provide symptomatic relief but have little or no impact on either disease progression or mortality. As our understanding of the immune pathogenesis of the COPD improves, available immune modulation therapies have the potential to alter or interfere with damaging immune pathways, thereby slowing relentless progression of lung tissue destruction. The purpose of this brief review is to discuss our current understanding of the immune pathogenesis of both the airways and parenchymal injury as well as the dysfunctional tissue repair process to propose immune modulating interventions in an attempt to stabilize or return these pathological changes to their normal state. The ultimate goal of the immune modulation therapy is to improve both morbidity and mortality associated with COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan F van Eeden
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, .,Pacific Lung Health Centre, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada,
| | - James C Hogg
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
Martinez FJ, Han MK, Allinson JP, Barr RG, Boucher RC, Calverley PMA, Celli BR, Christenson SA, Crystal RG, Fagerås M, Freeman CM, Groenke L, Hoffman EA, Kesimer M, Kostikas K, Paine R, Rafii S, Rennard SI, Segal LN, Shaykhiev R, Stevenson C, Tal-Singer R, Vestbo J, Woodruff PG, Curtis JL, Wedzicha JA. At the Root: Defining and Halting Progression of Early Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 197:1540-1551. [PMID: 29406779 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201710-2028pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J Martinez
- 1 Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.,2 University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - MeiLan K Han
- 2 University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christine M Freeman
- 2 University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,10 Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Eric A Hoffman
- 12 University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Mehmet Kesimer
- 5 University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Robert Paine
- 14 University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,15 Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Shahin Rafii
- 1 Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jeffrey L Curtis
- 2 University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,10 Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | |
Collapse
|
208
|
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health problem that is poorly treated by current therapies as it has proved difficult to treat the underlying inflammation, which is largely corticosteroid-resistant in most patients. Although rare genetic endotypes of COPD have been recognized, despite the clinical heterogeneity of COPD, it has proved difficult to identify distinct inflammatory endotypes. Most patients have increased neutrophils and macrophages in sputum, reflecting the increased secretion of neutrophil and monocyte chemotactic mediators in the lungs. However, some patients also have increased eosinophils in sputum and this may be reflected by increased blood eosinophils. Increased blood and sputum eosinophils are associated with more frequent exacerbations and predict a good response to corticosteroids in reducing and treating acute exacerbations. Eosinophilic COPD may represent an overlap with asthma but the mechanism of eosinophilia is uncertain as, although an increase in sputum IL-5 has been detected, anti-IL-5 therapies are not effective in preventing exacerbations. More research is needed to link inflammatory endotypes to clinical manifestations and outcomes in COPD and in particular to predict response to precision medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Barnes
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London UK
| |
Collapse
|
209
|
Cigarette Smoke Induced Lung Barrier Dysfunction, EMT, and Tissue Remodeling: A Possible Link between COPD and Lung Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:2025636. [PMID: 31341890 PMCID: PMC6613007 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2025636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer, closely related to smoking, are major lung diseases affecting millions of individuals worldwide. The generated gas mixture of smoking is proved to contain about 4,500 components such as carbon monoxide, nicotine, oxidants, fine particulate matter, and aldehydes. These components were considered to be the principle factor driving the pathogenesis and progression of pulmonary disease. A large proportion of lung cancer patients showed a history of COPD, which demonstrated that there might be a close relationship between COPD and lung cancer. In the early stages of smoking, lung barrier provoked protective response and DNA repair are likely to suppress these changes to a certain extent. In the presence of long-term smoking exposure, these mechanisms seem to be malfunctioned and lead to disease progression. The infiltration of inflammatory cells to mucosa, submucosa, and glandular tissue caused by inhaled cigarette smoke is responsible for the destruction of matrix, blood supply shortage, and epithelial cell death. Conversely, cancer cells have the capacity to modulate the proliferation of epithelial cells and produce of new vascular networks. Comprehension understanding of mechanisms responsible for both pathologies is necessary for the prevention and treatment of COPD and lung cancer. In this review, we will summarize related articles and give a glance of possible mechanism between cigarette smoking induced COPD and lung cancer.
Collapse
|
210
|
Zhu R, Xie X, Wang N, Chen L, Hong Y. The T helper type 17/regulatory T cell imbalance was associated with Ras-GTPase overexpression in patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Immunology 2019; 157:304-311. [PMID: 31141166 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common but dangerous complication in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesized that dysregulation in the T helper type 17 (Th17) compartment could contribute to the development of COPD-associated PH (COPD-PH). To investigate this hypothesis, patients with COPD-PH and age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited, and their circulating CD4+ T cells were activated using anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies. The frequency of interleukin-17 (IL-17) -secreting cells was significantly higher in COPD-PH patients than in healthy controls. The secretion of IL-17 was significantly higher from COPD-PH CD4+ T cells than from control CD4+ T cells, whereas the secretion of interferon-γ and IL-4 was not significantly different. The expression of transforming growth factor-β, on the other hand, was significantly higher in healthy controls than in COPD-PH patients. Activated CD4+ T cells from COPD-PH patients also presented significantly lower forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) and higher retinoic acid receptor-related orphan C2 (RORC2) expression than CD4+ T cells from healthy controls. In both controls and patients, a negative correlation between RORC2 and FOXP3 was found, ex vivo and after CD3/CD28 activation. The serum IL-6 level was slightly higher in COPD-PH patients than in controls, but the IL-6 transcription by monocytes was comparable in COPD-PH patients and controls. Interestingly, CD4+ T cells from COPD-PH patients presented significantly higher levels of Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog and neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog than CD4+ T cells from healthy controls. Inhibiting Ras-GTPases using farnesylthiosalicylic acid significantly reduced the ratio of RORC2/FOXP3 expression in CD4+ T cells. Overall, we demonstrated that an imbalance of Th17/regulatory T cells was a hallmark of COPD-PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No.1, People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaochen Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No.1, People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No.1, People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No.1, People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongqing Hong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No.1, People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Moonwiriyakit A, Koval M, Muanprasat C. Pharmacological stimulation of G-protein coupled receptor 40 alleviates cytokine-induced epithelial barrier disruption in airway epithelial Calu-3 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:353-361. [PMID: 31129422 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Impairment of airway tight junctions induced by elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory airway diseases. Pharmacological stimulation of G-protein coupled receptor (GPR) 40, a receptor of polyunsaturated fatty acids, have recently been shown to promote tight junction assembly in airway epithelial cells under non-inflammatory conditions. However, roles of GPR40 in regulating airway epithelial integrity in response to inflammatory insults are unknown. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of GPR40 stimulation on proinflammatory cytokine (TNFα and IL-1β)-induced tight junction disruption in human airway epithelial Calu-3 cells using GW9508, a GPR40 agonist. We found that stimulation of GPR40 by GW9508 attenuated the cytokine-induced airway epithelial barrier leakage as analyzed by measurements of transepithelial electrical resistance and transepithelial flux of fluorescently labeled dextran (molecular weight of 4 kDa). Furthermore, GW9508 prevented the cytokine-induced dislocalization of zonula occludens (ZO)-1, occludin and claudin-1. The barrier-protective effect of GW9508 was abolished by a GPR40 antagonist, but not a GPR120 antagonist. Immunofluorescence staining of NF-ĸB indicated that GW9508 had no effect on cytokine-induced NF-ĸB activation. Intriguingly, GW9508 inhibited cytokine-induced airway epithelial barrier disruption through suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in a phospholipase C (PLC) and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase beta (CaMKKβ)-dependent manner. Collectively, this study uncovered the novel role of GPR40 in preventing cytokine-induced tight junction disruption in airway epithelial cells through mechanisms involving PLC-CaMKKβ-mediated suppression of ERK signaling. Pharmacological stimulation of GPR40 may be beneficial in the treatment of airway diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aekkacha Moonwiriyakit
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Michael Koval
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Chatchai Muanprasat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Excellent Center for Drug Discovery (ECDD), Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Research Center of Transport Proteins for Medical Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
212
|
Moore PJ, Sesma J, Alexis NE, Tarran R. Tobacco exposure inhibits SPLUNC1-dependent antimicrobial activity. Respir Res 2019; 20:94. [PMID: 31113421 PMCID: PMC6530064 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tobacco smoke exposure impairs the lung’s innate immune response, leading to an increased risk of chronic infections. SPLUNC1 is a secreted, multifunctional innate defense protein that has antimicrobial activity against Gram negative organisms. We hypothesize that tobacco smoke-induced SPLUNC1 dysfunction contributes to the observed defect in innate immunity in tobacco smokers and that this dysfunction can be used as a potential biomarker of harm. Methods We collected sputum from never-smokers and otherwise healthy smokers. We performed Western blotting to determine SPLUNC1 levels and determined antimicrobial activity against nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. An in vitro exposure model was utilized to measure the effect of tobacco exposure on human bronchial epithelial culture (HBEC) antimicrobial activity against H. influenzae. The direct effects of cigarette and little cigar smoke exposure on SPLUNC1 function was determined using 24 h growth measurements and LPS binding assays. Results H. influenzae growth in cigarette smoker’s sputum was significantly greater compared to never-smokers sputum over 24 h. HBEC supernatants and lysates contained significantly higher numbers of H. influenzae following chronic cigarette and little cigar smoke exposure compared to air-exposed controls. Furthermore, SPLUNC1’s antimicrobial activity and LPS-binding capability against both H. influenzae and P. aeruginosa was attenuated following cigarette and little cigar exposure. Conclusions These data suggest that cigarette and little cigar exposure impairs SPLUNC1’s antimicrobial ability and that this inhibition may serve as a novel biomarker of harm that can be used to assess the toxicity of commercial tobacco products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Moore
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 7118A Marsico Hall, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Juliana Sesma
- CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Neil E Alexis
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Robert Tarran
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 7118A Marsico Hall, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
213
|
Collum SD, Molina JG, Hanmandlu A, Bi W, Pedroza M, Mertens TCJ, Wareing N, Wei W, Wilson C, Sun W, Rajadas J, Bollyky PL, Philip KM, Ren D, Thandavarayan RA, Bruckner BA, Xia Y, Blackburn MR, Karmouty-Quintana H. Adenosine and hyaluronan promote lung fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm.038711. [PMID: 31036697 PMCID: PMC6550050 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.038711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) is a syndrome that predominantly affects male smokers or ex-smokers and it has a mortality rate of 55% and a median survival of 5 years. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a frequently fatal complication of CPFE. Despite this dismal prognosis, no curative therapies exist for patients with CPFE outside of lung transplantation and no therapies are recommended to treat PH. This highlights the need to develop novel treatment approaches for CPFE. Studies from our group have demonstrated that both adenosine and its receptor ADORA2B are elevated in chronic lung diseases. Activation of ADORA2B leads to elevated levels of hyaluronan synthases (HAS) and increased hyaluronan, a glycosaminoglycan that contributes to chronic lung injury. We hypothesize that ADORA2B and hyaluronan contribute to CPFE. Using isolated CPFE lung tissue, we characterized expression levels of ADORA2B and HAS. Next, using a unique mouse model of experimental lung injury that replicates features of CPFE, namely airspace enlargement, PH and fibrotic deposition, we investigated whether 4MU, a HAS inhibitor, was able to inhibit features of CPFE. Increased protein levels of ADORA2B and HAS3 were detected in CPFE and in our experimental model of CPFE. Treatment with 4MU was able to attenuate PH and fibrosis but not airspace enlargement. This was accompanied by a reduction of HAS3-positive macrophages. We have generated pre-clinical data demonstrating the capacity of 4MU, an FDA-approved drug, to attenuate features of CPFE in an experimental model of chronic lung injury. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: Fibrotic deposition and PH are inhibited by the FDA-approved drug hymecromone, suggesting hyaluronan synthesis inhibition as a potential therapy for CPFE and highlighting a novel mechanism through HAS3-positive macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott D Collum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jose G Molina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ankit Hanmandlu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Weizhen Bi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mesias Pedroza
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tinne C J Mertens
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nancy Wareing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wang Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cory Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wenchao Sun
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Lab, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Jayakumar Rajadas
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Lab, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Paul L Bollyky
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kemly M Philip
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dewei Ren
- Houston Methodist DeBakey Transplant Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Brian A Bruckner
- Houston Methodist DeBakey Transplant Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael R Blackburn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Harry Karmouty-Quintana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
214
|
Tiller NB, Campbell IG, Romer LM. Mechanical-ventilatory responses to peak and ventilation-matched upper- versus lower-body exercise in normal subjects. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:920-931. [PMID: 30919515 PMCID: PMC6594000 DOI: 10.1113/ep087648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
New Findings What is the central question of this study? To what extent are the mechanical‐ventilatory responses to upper‐body exercise influenced by task‐specific locomotor mechanics? What is the main finding and its importance? When compared with lower‐body exercise performed at similar ventilations, upper‐body exercise was characterized by tidal volume constraint, dynamic lung hyperinflation and an increased propensity towards neuromechanical uncoupling of the respiratory system. Importantly, these responses were independent of respiratory dysfunction and flow limitation. Thus, the mechanical ventilatory responses to upper‐body exercise are attributable, in part, to task‐specific locomotor mechanics (i.e. non‐respiratory loading of the thorax).
Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which the mechanical ventilatory responses to upper‐body exercise are influenced by task‐specific locomotor mechanics. Eight healthy men (mean ± SD: age, 24 ± 5 years; mass, 74 ± 11 kg; and stature, 1.79 ± 0.07 m) completed two maximal exercise tests, on separate days, comprising 4 min stepwise increments of 15 W during upper‐body exercise (arm‐cranking) or 30 W during lower‐body exercise (leg‐cycling). The tests were repeated at work rates calculated to elicit 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the peak ventilation achieved during arm‐cranking (V˙E, UBE ). Exercise measures included pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange, oesophageal pressure‐derived indices of respiratory mechanics, operating lung volumes and expiratory flow limitation. Subjects exhibited normal resting pulmonary function. Arm‐crank exercise elicited significantly lower peak values for work rate, O2 uptake, CO2 output, minute ventilation and tidal volume (p < 0.05). At matched ventilations, arm‐crank exercise restricted tidal volume expansion relative to leg‐cycling exercise at 60% V˙E, UBE (1.74 ± 0.61 versus 2.27 ± 0.68 l, p < 0.001), 80% V˙E, UBE (2.07 ± 0.70 versus 2.52 ± 0.67 l, p < 0.001) and 100% V˙E, UBE (1.97 ± 0.85 versus 2.55 ± 0.72 l, p = 0.002). Despite minimal evidence of expiratory flow limitation, expiratory reserve volume was significantly higher during arm‐cranking versus leg‐cycling exercise at 100% V˙E, UBE (39 ± 8 versus 29 ± 8% of vital capacity, p = 0.002). At any given ventilation, arm‐cranking elicited greater inspiratory effort (oesophageal pressure) relative to thoracic displacement (tidal volume). Arm‐cranking exercise is sufficient to provoke respiratory mechanical derangements (restricted tidal volume expansion, dynamic hyperinflation and neuromechanical uncoupling) in subjects with normal pulmonary function and expiratory flow reserve. These responses are likely to be attributable to task‐specific locomotor mechanics (i.e. non‐respiratory loading of the thorax).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas B Tiller
- Academy of Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.,Centre for Human Performance, Exercise and Rehabilitation, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Ian G Campbell
- Centre for Human Performance, Exercise and Rehabilitation, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.,School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Lee M Romer
- Centre for Human Performance, Exercise and Rehabilitation, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.,Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
215
|
Ito JT, Lourenço JD, Righetti RF, Tibério IFLC, Prado CM, Lopes FDTQS. Extracellular Matrix Component Remodeling in Respiratory Diseases: What Has Been Found in Clinical and Experimental Studies? Cells 2019; 8:E342. [PMID: 30979017 PMCID: PMC6523091 DOI: 10.3390/cells8040342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) components in the lungs are associated with the progression of respiratory diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Experimental and clinical studies have revealed that structural changes in ECM components occur under chronic inflammatory conditions, and these changes are associated with impaired lung function. In bronchial asthma, elastic and collagen fiber remodeling, mostly in the airway walls, is associated with an increase in mucus secretion, leading to airway hyperreactivity. In COPD, changes in collagen subtypes I and III and elastin, interfere with the mechanical properties of the lungs, and are believed to play a pivotal role in decreased lung elasticity, during emphysema progression. In ARDS, interstitial edema is often accompanied by excessive deposition of fibronectin and collagen subtypes I and III, which can lead to respiratory failure in the intensive care unit. This review uses experimental models and human studies to describe how inflammatory conditions and ECM remodeling contribute to the loss of lung function in these respiratory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana T Ito
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics/LIM-20, School of Medicine of University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Juliana D Lourenço
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics/LIM-20, School of Medicine of University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Renato F Righetti
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics/LIM-20, School of Medicine of University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
- Rehabilitation service, Sírio-Libanês Hospital, Sao Paulo 01308-050, Brazil.
| | - Iolanda F L C Tibério
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics/LIM-20, School of Medicine of University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Bioscience, Laboratory of Studies in Pulmonary Inflammation, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Santos 11015-020, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda D T Q S Lopes
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics/LIM-20, School of Medicine of University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
216
|
Shin SH, Park HY, Im Y, Jung HA, Sun JM, Ahn JS, Ahn MJ, Park K, Lee HY, Lee SH. Improved treatment outcome of pembrolizumab in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:2433-2439. [PMID: 30807641 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Emerging immune profiling data suggest a higher sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), compared to those without COPD. This study aimed to investigate the clinical impact of COPD on the treatment response to ICIs in a large number of patients with NSCLC. In total, 133 patients with spirometry test results were retrospectively identified among those who received palliative pembrolizumab for NSCLC. COPD was defined as pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity <0.7. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate were analyzed according to the presence of COPD. Spirometry-based COPD was present in 59 (44%) patients. Patients with COPD had better OS (hazard ratio [HR] for death, 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26-0.78) and PFS (HR for disease progression or death, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.31-0.79) than those without COPD. These associations persisted after adjusting for potential confounders including smoking history. The response rate was also higher in patients with COPD than in those without COPD (38.2% vs. 20.5%, p = 0.028). Spirometry-defined COPD was associated with a significantly longer OS and PFS in patients with NSCLC treated with palliative pembrolizumab. Identifying coexisting COPD could predict favorable treatment outcomes in patients with NSCLC treated with pembrolizumab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hye Shin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Yun Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yunjoo Im
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Ae Jung
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Mu Sun
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Seok Ahn
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keunchil Park
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Yun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
217
|
Wu JH, Zhou M, Jin Y, Meng ZJ, Xiong XZ, Sun SW, Miao SY, Han HL, Tao XN. Generation and Immune Regulation of CD4 +CD25 -Foxp3 + T Cells in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:220. [PMID: 30842769 PMCID: PMC6392103 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The imbalance of CD4+Foxp3+ T cell subsets is reportedly involved in abnormal inflammatory immune responses in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the possible role of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells in immune regulation in COPD remains to be investigated. In the current study, distribution and phenotypic characteristics of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells from peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry; the origin, immune function and ultimate fate of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells were further explored in vitro. It was observed that circulating CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells were significantly increased in stable COPD patients (SCOPD) and resembled central memory or effector memory T cells. Compared with peripheral CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells, peripheral CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells showed a lower expression of Foxp3, CTLA-4, HELIOS, and TIGIT, but a higher expression of CD127 and KI-67, suggesting that CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells lost the expression of Tregs-associated molecules following the reduction in CD25. Unexpectedly, our study found that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) decreased CD25 expression and played a critical role in the generation of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells from CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells. Phenotypic analysis further revealed that both inducible and peripheral CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells exhibited the features of activated conventional T cells. Importantly, memory CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells facilitated the proliferation and differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells into Th17 cells in the presence of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, and TGFβ1. Finally, a fraction of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells, exhibiting instability and plasticity, were converted to Th17 cells when subjected to Th17 cell-polarizing condition. Taken together, we propose that TGFβ1 is responsible for the generation of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells, and these cells functionally exert an auxiliary effect on Th17 cells generation and might perpetuate chronic inflammation in COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Hua Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao-Ji Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian-Zhi Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng-Wen Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai-Ying Miao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Li Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Tao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
218
|
Zuo H, Cattani-Cavalieri I, Musheshe N, Nikolaev VO, Schmidt M. Phosphodiesterases as therapeutic targets for respiratory diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 197:225-242. [PMID: 30759374 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, affect millions of people all over the world. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) which is one of the most important second messengers, plays a vital role in relaxing airway smooth muscles and suppressing inflammation. Given its vast role in regulating intracellular responses, cAMP provides an attractive pharmaceutical target in the treatment of chronic respiratory diseases. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides and help control cyclic nucleotide signals in a compartmentalized manner. Currently, the selective PDE4 inhibitor, roflumilast, is used as an add-on treatment for patients with severe COPD associated with bronchitis and a history of frequent exacerbations. In addition, other novel PDE inhibitors are in different phases of clinical trials. The current review provides an overview of the regulation of various PDEs and the potential application of selective PDE inhibitors in the treatment of COPD and asthma. The possibility to combine various PDE inhibitors as a way to increase their therapeutic effectiveness is also emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiao Zuo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Isabella Cattani-Cavalieri
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nshunge Musheshe
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
219
|
Selman M, Martinez FJ, Pardo A. Why Does an Aging Smoker’s Lung Develop Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Not Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199:279-285. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201806-1166pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Selman
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernando J. Martinez
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
- Deputy Editor, AJRCCM; and
| | - Annie Pardo
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
220
|
Cho DY, Skinner D, Mackey C, Lampkin HB, Elder JB, Lim DJ, Zhang S, McCormick J, Tearney GJ, Rowe SM, Woodworth BA. Herbal dry extract BNO 1011 improves clinical and mucociliary parameters in a rabbit model of chronic rhinosinusitis. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2019; 9:629-637. [PMID: 30657641 DOI: 10.1002/alr.22290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhancing chloride (Cl- ) secretion in sinus epithelia represents a novel therapeutic approach to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Herbal dry extract BNO 1011 enhances mucociliary clearance (MCC) via upregulation of Cl- secretion in sinonasal cultures in vitro and murine epithelium in vivo. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether the BNO 1011 improves MCC and clinical parameters in a rabbit model of CRS. METHODS After the development of CRS in 30 New Zealand white rabbits, animals were randomly assigned to receive oral placebo (n = 10), BNO 1011 (low dose [LD], 25 mg/kg/daily) (n = 10), or BNO1011 (high dose [HD], 125 mg/kg/daily) (n = 10) for 4 weeks. Outcomes included sinus opacification (Kerschner's rabbit sinus CT grade), maxillary epithelial Cl- secretion (sinus potential difference [PD] assay), airway surface liquid (ASL) depth using micro-optical coherence tomography (μOCT), and submucosal gland density (SMD) on histopathology. Outcome parameters were analyzed by 2 blinded investigators. RESULTS BNO 1011 significantly cleared sinus opacification (HD = 1.21 ± 0.63, LD = 1.26 ± 0.37,) compared to placebo (4.02 ± 0.92) (p = 0.009). BNO 1011 resulted in markedly greater mean sinus PD polarization (HD = -12.23 ± 1.4 mV, LD = -12.0 ± 3.0 mV) when compared to rabbits treated with placebo (-4.1 ± 1.1 mV) (p = 0.03). ASL depth was significantly improved when treated with HD (4.08 ± 0.06 μm) and LD (4.05 ± 0.06 μm) compared to placebo (3.5 ± 0.05 μm) (post hoc analysis, p < 0.0001). Histologically, epithelial thickness (HD = 10.0 ± 0.7 μm; LD = 13.7 ± 0.9 μm; placebo = 21.1 ± 2.3 μm; p < 0.005), subepithelial thickness (HD = 63.1 ± 6.6 μm; LD = 103.2 ± 6.7 μm; placebo = 113.3 ± 6.0 μm; p < 0.001), and SMD (HD = 22.2 ± 2.9%; LD = 31.8 ± 1.1%; placebo = 43.8 ± 1.7%; p < 0.0001) were noticeably better with the HD. CONCLUSION Herbal dry extract BNO 1011 improves radiographic, histologic, and MCC parameters in a rabbit model of CRS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Do-Yeon Cho
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.,Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Daniel Skinner
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Calvin Mackey
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Harold B Lampkin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jeffrey Brent Elder
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Dong Jin Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Shaoyan Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Justin McCormick
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Guillermo J Tearney
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Steven M Rowe
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.,Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.,Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Bradford A Woodworth
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.,Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| |
Collapse
|
221
|
Maarsingh H, Bidan CM, Brook BS, Zuidhof AB, Elzinga CRS, Smit M, Oldenburger A, Gosens R, Timens W, Meurs H. Small airway hyperresponsiveness in COPD: relationship between structure and function in lung slices. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L537-L546. [PMID: 30628486 PMCID: PMC6459292 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00325.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct relationship between pulmonary structural changes and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unclear. We investigated AHR in relation to airway and parenchymal structural changes in a guinea pig model of COPD and in COPD patients. Precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) were prepared from guinea pigs challenged with lipopolysaccharide or saline two times weekly for 12 wk. Peripheral PCLS were obtained from patients with mild to moderate COPD and non-COPD controls. AHR to methacholine was measured in large and small airways using video-assisted microscopy. Airway smooth muscle mass and alveolar airspace size were determined in the same slices. A mathematical model was used to identify potential changes in biomechanical properties underlying AHR. In guinea pigs, lipopolysaccharide increased the sensitivity of large (>150 μm) airways toward methacholine by 4.4-fold and the maximal constriction of small airways (<150 μm) by 1.5-fold. Similarly increased small airway responsiveness was found in COPD patients. In both lipopolysaccharide-challenged guinea pigs and patients, airway smooth muscle mass was unaltered, whereas increased alveolar airspace correlated with small airway hyperresponsiveness in guinea pigs. Fitting the parameters of the model indicated that COPD weakens matrix mechanical properties and enhances stiffness differences between the airway and the parenchyma, in both species. In conclusion, this study demonstrates small airway hyperresponsiveness in PCLS from COPD patients. These changes may be related to reduced parenchymal retraction forces and biomechanical changes in the airway wall. PCLS from lipopolysaccharide-exposed guinea pigs may be useful to study mechanisms of small airway hyperresponsiveness in COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harm Maarsingh
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University , West Palm Beach, Florida.,Groningen Research Institute of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Cécile M Bidan
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, Centre for Scientific Research, Université Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France.,Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Potsdam , Germany
| | - Bindi S Brook
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | - Annet B Zuidhof
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Carolina R S Elzinga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Smit
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Anouk Oldenburger
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Herman Meurs
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
222
|
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are regarded as a diseases of accelerated lung ageing and show all of the hallmarks of ageing, including telomere shortening, cellular senescence, activation of PI3 kinase-mTOR signaling, impaired autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, epigenetic changes, abnormal microRNA profiles, immunosenescence and a low grade chronic inflammation due to senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Many of these ageing mechanisms are driven by exogenous and endogenous oxidative stress. There is also a reduction in anti-ageing molecules, such as sirtuins and Klotho, which further accelerate the ageing process. Understanding these molecular mechanisms has identified several novel therapeutic targets and several drugs and dietary interventions are now in development to treat chronic lung disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Barnes
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
223
|
Zhong S, Chen C, Liu N, Yang L, Hu Z, Duan P, Shuai D, Zhang Q, Wang Y. Overexpression Of hsa-miR-664a-3p Is Associated With Cigarette Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Via Targeting FHL1. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:2319-2329. [PMID: 31632001 PMCID: PMC6790409 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s224763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is recognized as a chronic lung disease with incomplete reversible airflow limitation, but its pathophysiology was still not clear. This study aimed at investigating regulatory roles of special miRNA-mRNA axis in COPD development. METHODS Differentially expressed miRNAs and downstream mRNAs were screened from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset by using the LIMMA package in R software. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was used to construct a co-expression network for COPD. The correlation of dysregulated miRNA(s) and COPD was analyzed, and miRNAs with significant differences were validated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from COPD patients by real-time PCR. Regulatory roles of candidate miRNAs and targeted mRNAs were investigated in vitro study. RESULTS Thirteen modules of co-expressed miRNAs and mRNAs were constructed from a selected cohort with WGCNA. Turquoise module with 12 differentially expressed miRNAs and 120 mRNAs was significantly correlated with COPD. The expression of hsa-miR-664a-3p, an upregulated miRNA in the module, was increased both in lung tissue and PBMCs from COPD patients, whereas that targeted four and a half LIM domains 1 (FHL1) gene was decreased and positively correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC%) (r = 0.59, p < 0.01). In vitro, luciferase activity assay revealed FHL1 as a target of hsa-miR-664a-3p and it could be directly downregulated by overexpression of hsa-miR-664a-3p. Furthermore, cigarette smoke extract could increase hsa-miR-664a-3p level and decrease FHL1 level in Beas-2B cells. CONCLUSION The present study validated significant upregulation of hsa-miR-664a-3p in COPD patients, and its target gene FHL1 was downregulated and positively correlated with FEV1/FVC%; both hsa-miR-664a-3p and FHL1 could be regulated by cigarette smoke extract. Results of bioinformatic analyses and expanded validation suggest that the axis from hsa-miR-664a-3p to FHL1 might play a key role in cigarette smoke-induced COPD, and the exact mechanism should be confirmed in further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong515041, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Research and Technology of Precision Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang325000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Naijia Liu
- Center for Research and Technology of Precision Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang325000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Center for Research and Technology of Precision Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Duan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Diquan Shuai
- Center for Research and Technology of Precision Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingying Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong515041, People’s Republic of China
- Qingying Zhang Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong515041, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 754 8825 9850Fax +86 754 8856 6774 Email
| | - Yun Wang
- Center for Research and Technology of Precision Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yun Wang Center for Research and Technology of Precision Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University (Xili Campus), No. 1066, Xueyuan Ave, Nanshan Distract, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 755 2695 8895Fax +86 755 2653 4274 Email
| |
Collapse
|
224
|
Clinical Application of Stem/Stromal Cells in COPD. STEM CELL-BASED THERAPY FOR LUNG DISEASE 2019. [PMCID: PMC7121219 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-29403-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive life-threatening disease that is significantly increasing in prevalence and is predicted to become the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2030. At present, there are no true curative treatments that can stop the progression of the disease, and new therapeutic strategies are desperately needed. Advances in cell-based therapies provide a platform for the development of new therapeutic approaches in severe lung diseases such as COPD. At present, a lot of focus is on mesenchymal stem (stromal) cell (MSC)-based therapies, mainly due to their immunomodulatory properties. Despite increasing number of preclinical studies demonstrating that systemic MSC administration can prevent or treat experimental COPD and emphysema, clinical studies have not been able to reproduce the preclinical results and to date no efficacy or significantly improved lung function or quality of life has been observed in COPD patients. Importantly, the completed appropriately conducted clinical trials uniformly demonstrate that MSC treatment in COPD patients is well tolerated and no toxicities have been observed. All clinical trials performed so far, have been phase I/II studies, underpowered for the detection of potential efficacy. There are several challenges ahead for this field such as standardized isolation and culture procedures to obtain a cell product with high quality and reproducibility, administration strategies, improvement of methods to measure outcomes, and development of potency assays. Moreover, COPD is a complex pathology with a diverse spectrum of clinical phenotypes, and therefore it is essential to develop methods to select the subpopulation of patients that is most likely to potentially respond to MSC administration. In this chapter, we will discuss the current state of the art of MSC-based cell therapy for COPD and the hurdles that need to be overcome.
Collapse
|
225
|
Pose E, Trebicka J, Mookerjee RP, Angeli P, Ginès P. Statins: Old drugs as new therapy for liver diseases? J Hepatol 2019; 70:194-202. [PMID: 30075229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In addition to lowering cholesterol levels, statins have pleiotropic effects, particularly anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, and antifibrotic, that may be beneficial in some chronic inflammatory conditions. Statins have only recently been investigated as a potential treatment option in chronic liver diseases because of concerns related to their safety in patients with impaired liver function. A number of experimental studies in animal models of liver diseases have shown that statins decrease hepatic inflammation, fibrogenesis and portal pressure. In addition, retrospective cohort studies in large populations of patients with cirrhosis and pre-cirrhotic conditions have shown that treatment with statins, with the purpose of decreasing high cholesterol levels, was associated with a reduced risk of disease progression, hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma development, and death. These beneficial effects persisted after adjustment for disease severity and other potential confounders. Finally, a few randomised controlled trials have shown that treatment with simvastatin decreases portal pressure (two studies) and mortality (one study). Statin treatment was generally well tolerated but a few patients developed severe side effects, particularly rhabdomyolysis. Despite these promising beneficial effects, further randomised controlled trials in large series of patients with hard clinical endpoints should be performed before statins can be recommended for use in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pose
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jonel Trebicka
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Germany; European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure, Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Paolo Angeli
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Hepatology (UIMH), Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Pere Ginès
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Catalonia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
226
|
Burgess JK, Heijink IH. Chronic Lung Pathologies That Require Repair and Regeneration. STEM CELL-BASED THERAPY FOR LUNG DISEASE 2019. [PMCID: PMC7122311 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-29403-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary fibrosis, are a major cause of mortality worldwide. With the increasing incidence with ageing, the full impact of these diseases is yet to be realised. For most chronic lung diseases there are limited treatments options, with the existing approaches mainly addressing symptom relief. Little progress has been made, in recent years, in the development of new therapeutic strategies for managing these burdensome pathologies. There is an urgent need to increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying these diseases. Endogenous progenitor cells (stem cells) have been recognised in many organs, including the lungs where they are suggested to maintain a population of cells that are able to facilitate the endogenous repair processes. Emerging knowledge of how these repair processes are disrupted in chronic lung diseases and the potential to capitalise upon the regenerative capacity of stem cell populations raise the hopes of the field worldwide for innovative treatment approaches for these devastating diseases in the future. This chapter outlines the series of diseases that may benefit from these emerging new therapeutic outlooks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janette K. Burgess
- The University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene H. Heijink
- The University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
227
|
Pilecki B, Wulf-Johansson H, Støttrup C, Jørgensen PT, Djiadeu P, Nexøe AB, Schlosser A, Hansen SWK, Madsen J, Clark HW, Nielsen CH, Vestbo J, Palaniyar N, Holmskov U, Sorensen GL. Surfactant Protein D Deficiency Aggravates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Lung Inflammation by Upregulation of Ceramide Synthesis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:3013. [PMID: 30619359 PMCID: PMC6305334 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is the main cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is an important anti-inflammatory protein that regulates host immune defense in the lungs. Here, we investigated the role of SP-D in a murine model of CS-induced inflammation. Pulmonary SP-D localization and abundance was compared between smoker and non-smoker individuals. For in vivo studies, wildtype, and SP-D-deficient mice were exposed to CS for either 12 weeks or 3 days. Moreover, the effect of therapeutic administration of recombinant fragment of human SP-D on the acute CS-induced changes was evaluated. Pulmonary SP-D appeared with heterogenous expression in human smokers, while mouse lung SP-D was uniformly upregulated after CS exposure. We found that SP-D-deficient mice were more susceptible to CS-induced macrophage-rich airway inflammation. SP-D deficiency influenced local pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, with increased CCL3 and interleukin-6 but decreased CXCL1. Furthermore, CS exposure caused significant upregulation of pro-inflammatory ceramides and related ceramide synthase gene transcripts in SP-D-deficient mice compared to wildtype littermates. Administration of recombinant fragment of human SP-D (rfhSP-D) alleviated CS-induced macrophage infiltration and prevented induction of ceramide synthase gene expression. Finally, rfhSP-D treatment attenuated CS-induced human epithelial cell apoptosis in vitro. Our results indicate that SP-D deficiency aggravates CS-induced lung inflammation partly through regulation of ceramide synthesis and that local SP-D enrichment rescues CS-induced inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Pilecki
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Helle Wulf-Johansson
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Christian Støttrup
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Patricia Troest Jørgensen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Pascal Djiadeu
- Translational Medicine, Lung Innate Immunity Research Laboratory, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anders Bathum Nexøe
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anders Schlosser
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren Werner Karlskov Hansen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jens Madsen
- Department of Child Health, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, Academic Unit for Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research, Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Centre for Biomedical Research, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Howard William Clark
- Department of Child Health, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, Academic Unit for Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research, Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Centre for Biomedical Research, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Claus Henrik Nielsen
- Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Institute for Inflammation Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Vestbo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nades Palaniyar
- Translational Medicine, Lung Innate Immunity Research Laboratory, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, and Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Uffe Holmskov
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Grith Lykke Sorensen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
228
|
Aydindogan E, Penque D, Zoidakis J. Systematic review on recent potential biomarkers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2018; 19:37-45. [DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1559054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eda Aydindogan
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Natural Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Deborah Penque
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Human Genetics Department, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal
- ToxOmics- Centre of Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Department of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
229
|
Stolzenburg LR, Harris A. The role of microRNAs in chronic respiratory disease: recent insights. Biol Chem 2018; 399:219-234. [PMID: 29148977 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2017-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases encompass a group of diverse conditions affecting the airways, which all impair lung function over time. They include cystic fibrosis (CF), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, which together affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene repression, are now recognized as major regulators in the development and progression of chronic lung disease. Alterations in miRNA abundance occur in lung tissue, inflammatory cells, and freely circulating in blood and are thought to function both as drivers and modifiers of disease. Their importance in lung pathology has prompted the development of miRNA-based therapies and biomarker tools. Here, we review the current literature on miRNA expression and function in chronic respiratory disease and highlight further research that is needed to propel miRNA treatments for lung disorders towards the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay R Stolzenburg
- Human Molecular Genetics Program, Lurie Children's Research Center, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ann Harris
- Human Molecular Genetics Program, Lurie Children's Research Center, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
230
|
Xiong XF, Fan LL, Wu HX, Zhu M, Cheng DY. Effects of Tiotropium Combined with Theophylline on Stable COPD Patients of Group B, D and its Impact on Small Airway Function: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Adv Ther 2018; 35:2201-2213. [PMID: 30415298 PMCID: PMC6267715 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-018-0831-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tiotropium bromide has been widely used in clinical practice, while theophylline is another treatment option for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, only a few relevant studies have investigated the long-term outcomes and efficacy of both in patients with COPD. We evaluated the effects of tiotropium and low-dose theophylline on stable COPD patients of groups B and D. METHODS Eligible participants (n = 170) were randomized and received either tiotropium 18 µg once daily with theophylline 100 mg twice daily (Group I) or tiotropium 18 µg once daily (Group II) for 6 months. COPD assessment test (CAT), modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scores and pulmonary function tests were measured before randomization and during the treatment. RESULTS After 6 months of treatment, the CAT scores in both groups decreased significantly (11.41 ± 3.56 and 11.08 ± 3.05, p < 0.0001). The changes of CAT (p = 0.028) and mMRC scores (p = 0.049) between the two groups differed after 1 month of treatment. In Group I, forced expiratory flow after 25% of the FVC% predicted (MEF25% pred) was significantly improved after 3 months (4.84 ± 8.73%, p < 0.0001) and 6 months (6.21 ± 8.65%, p < 0.0001). There was a significant difference in small airway function tests (MEF50% pred, MEF25% pred, and MMEF% pred) between the two groups after 6 month of treatment (p = 0.003, p < 0.0001, and p = 0.021, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Tiotropium combined with low-dose theophylline significantly improved the symptoms and general health of patients with stable COPD of groups B and D after 6 months of follow-up. Additionally, this therapy also improved the indicators of small airway function. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registry ID: ChiCTR1800019027).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li-Li Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-Xia Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - De-Yun Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
231
|
NLRP3 Inflammasome Involves in the Acute Exacerbation of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Inflammation 2018; 41:1321-1333. [PMID: 29656319 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0780-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The NLR pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, a multi-protein complex, produces the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, which may contribute to the development of airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between circulating and local airway NLRP3 inflammasome activation with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). mRNA levels of NLRP3, Caspase (Casp)-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD (ASC), IL-18, and IL-1β in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and bronchial tissues were determined by real-time PCR in 32 smokers, 65 patients with AECOPD, 50 COPD patients in recovery stage, and 30 COPD patients in stable stage. The levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) supernatants were measured by ELISA. The load of six common pathogens in BALF samples were determined by real-time PCR. The potential correlation between the mRNA levels of NLRP3, Casp-1, ASC, IL-18 or IL-1β and the load of pathogens was evaluated individually. Significantly higher mRNA levels of NLRP3, Casp-1, ASC, IL-18, IL-1β and higher levels of IL-18 and IL-1β were found in patients with AECOPD than in smokers. These NLRP3 inflammasome mediators were significantly decreased when COPD patients in the same group became clinical stable. The increased mRNA levels of NLRP3 inflammasomes in bronchial tissues were positively correlated with the load of the six common pathogens in the lower respiratory tract. We conclude that systemic and local airway NLRP3 inflammasome activation is associated with the acute exacerbation, which might be predictive factors of the acute exacerbation and clinical outcomes in COPD patients.
Collapse
|
232
|
Hu WP, Zeng YY, Zuo YH, Zhang J. Identification of novel candidate genes involved in the progression of emphysema by bioinformatic methods. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:3733-3747. [PMID: 30532529 PMCID: PMC6241693 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s183100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose By reanalyzing the gene expression profile GSE76925 in the Gene Expression Omnibus database using bioinformatic methods, we attempted to identify novel candidate genes promoting the development of emphysema in patients with COPD. Patients and methods According to the Quantitative CT data in GSE76925, patients were divided into mild emphysema group (%LAA-950<20%, n=12) and severe emphysema group (%LAA-950>50%, n=11). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using Agilent GeneSpring GX v11.5 (corrected P-value <0.05 and |Fold Change|>1.3). Known driver genes of COPD were acquired by mining literatures and retrieving databases. Direct protein–protein interaction network (PPi) of DEGs and known driver genes was constructed by STRING.org to screen the DEGs directly interacting with driver genes. In addition, we used STRING.org to obtain the first-layer proteins interacting with DEGs’ products and constructed the indirect PPi of these interaction proteins. By merging the indirect PPi with driver genes’ PPi using Cytoscape v3.6.1, we attempted to discover potential pathways promoting emphysema’s development. Results All the patients had COPD with severe airflow limitation (age=62±8, FEV1%=28±12). A total of 57 DEGs (including 12 pseudogenes) and 135 known driving genes were identified. Direct PPi suggested that GPR65, GNB4, P2RY13, NPSR1, BCR, BAG4, and IMPDH2 were potential pathogenic genes. GPR65 could regulate the response of immune cells to the acidic microenvironment, and NPSR1’s expression on eosinophils was associated with asthma’s severity and IgE level. Indirect merging PPi demonstrated that the interacting network of TP53, IL8, CCR2, HSPA1A, ELANE, PIK3CA was associated with the development of emphysema. IL8, ELANE, and PIK3CA were molecules involved in the pathological mechanisms of emphysema, which also in return proved the role of TP53 in emphysema. Conclusion Candidate genes such as GPR65, NPSR1, and TP53 may be involved in the progression of emphysema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ping Hu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
| | - Ying-Ying Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
| | - Yi-Hui Zuo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
| |
Collapse
|
233
|
Iwanaga N, Kolls JK. Updates on T helper type 17 immunity in respiratory disease. Immunology 2018; 156:3-8. [PMID: 30260473 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing cells play a critical role in mucosal immunity including the respiratory tract. This review will highlight recent advances in our understanding of these cells in mucosal immunity in the lung as well as their potential pathogenic roles in respiratory diseases. The IL-17-producing cells include γδ T cells, natural killer cells, group 3 innate lymphoid cells, and T helper type 17 (Th17) cells. There have been recent advances in our understanding of these cell populations in the lung as well as emerging data on how these cells are regulated in the lung. Moreover, Th17 cells may be a key component of tissue-resident memory cells that may be acquired over time or elicited by mucosal immunization that provides the host with enhanced immunity against certain pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Iwanaga
- Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jay K Kolls
- Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
234
|
Wang Y, Xu J, Meng Y, Adcock IM, Yao X. Role of inflammatory cells in airway remodeling in COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:3341-3348. [PMID: 30349237 PMCID: PMC6190811 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s176122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
COPD is characterized by chronic bronchitis, chronic airway obstruction, and emphysema, leading to a progressive and irreversible decline in lung function. Inflammation is central for the development of COPD. Chronic inflammation in COPD mainly involves the infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and other inflammatory cells into the small airways. The contribution of resident airway structural cells to the inflammatory process is also important in COPD. Airway remodeling consists of detrimental changes in structural tissues and cells including airway wall thickening, epithelial metaplasia, goblet cell hypertrophy, and smooth muscle hyperplasia. Persistent airway inflammation might contribute to airway remodeling and small airway obstruction. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this review, we will provide an overview of recent insights into the role of major immunoinflammatory cells in COPD airway remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jiayan Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,
| | - Yaqi Meng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Cell and Molecular Biology Group, Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Xin Yao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,
| |
Collapse
|
235
|
Free Desmosine is a Sensitive Marker of Smoke-Induced Emphysema. Lung 2018; 196:659-663. [DOI: 10.1007/s00408-018-0163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
236
|
Kim M, Cai Q, Oh Y. Therapeutic potential of alpha-1 antitrypsin in human disease. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018; 23:131-135. [PMID: 30286568 PMCID: PMC6177666 DOI: 10.6065/apem.2018.23.3.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT), an alpha globulin glycoprotein, is a member of the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) superfamily. The clinical significance of AAT is highlighted by AAT deficiency. Genetic deficiency of AAT can present as several neutrophilic diseases associated with emphysema, liver cirrhosis, panniculitis, and systemic vasculitis. Recently, animal and human studies have shown that AAT can control inflammatory, immunological, and tissue-protective responses. In addition, AAT treatment can prevent overt hyperglycemia, increase insulin secretion, and reduce cytokine-mediated apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells in diabetes. These multifunctional roles of AAT draw attention to the glycoprotein's therapeutic potential for many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases beyond AAT deficiency. As underlying mechanisms, recent studies have suggested the importance of serine protease inhibitory activity of AAT in obesity-associated insulin resistance, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis. In this review, we explore the multiple functions of AAT, in particular, the anti-inflammatory and serine protease inhibitory functions, and AAT's therapeutic potential in a variety of human diseases through published literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minsun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Qing Cai
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Youngman Oh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA,Address for correspondence: Youngman Oh, PhD Department of Pathology, School of Medicine Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall St., P.O. Box 980662, Richmond, VA 23298-0662, USA Tel: +1-804-827-1324 Fax: +1-804-828-9749 E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
237
|
Mueller J, Karrasch S, Lorbeer R, Ivanovska T, Pomschar A, Kunz WG, von Krüchten R, Peters A, Bamberg F, Schulz H, Schlett CL. Automated MR-based lung volume segmentation in population-based whole-body MR imaging: correlation with clinical characteristics, pulmonary function testing and obstructive lung disease. Eur Radiol 2018; 29:1595-1606. [PMID: 30151641 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-018-5659-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Whole-body MR imaging is increasingly utilised; although for lung dedicated sequences are often not included, the chest is typically imaged. Our objective was to determine the clinical utility of lung volumes derived from non-dedicated MRI sequences in the population-based KORA-FF4 cohort study. METHODS 400 subjects (56.4 ± 9.2 years, 57.6% males) underwent whole-body MRI including a coronal T1-DIXON-VIBE sequence in inspiration breath-hold, originally acquired for fat quantification. Based on MRI, lung volumes were derived using an automated framework and related to common predictors, pulmonary function tests (PFT; spirometry and pulmonary gas exchange, n = 214) and obstructive lung disease. RESULTS MRI-based lung volume was 4.0 ± 1.1 L, which was 64.8 ± 14.9% of predicted total lung capacity (TLC) and 124.4 ± 27.9% of functional residual capacity. In multivariate analysis, it was positively associated with age, male, current smoking and height. Among PFT indices, MRI-based lung volume correlated best with TLC, alveolar volume and residual volume (RV; r = 0.57 each), while it was negatively correlated to FEV1/FVC (r = 0.36) and transfer factor for carbon monoxide (r = 0.16). Combining the strongest PFT parameters, RV and FEV1/FVC remained independently and incrementally associated with MRI-based lung volume (β = 0.50, p = 0.04 and β = - 0.02, p = 0.02, respectively) explaining 32% of the variability. For the identification of subjects with obstructive lung disease, height-indexed MRI-based lung volume yielded an AUC of 0.673-0.654. CONCLUSION Lung volume derived from non-dedicated whole-body MRI is independently associated with RV and FEV1/FVC. Furthermore, its moderate accuracy for obstructive lung disease indicates that it may be a promising tool to assess pulmonary health in whole-body imaging when PFT is not available. KEY POINTS • Although whole-body MRI often does not include dedicated lung sequences, lung volume can be automatically derived using dedicated segmentation algorithms • Lung volume derived from whole-body MRI correlates with typical predictors and risk factors of respiratory function including smoking and represents about 65% of total lung capacity and 125% of the functional residual capacity • Lung volume derived from whole-body MRI is independently associated with residual volume and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity and may allow detection of obstructive lung disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Mueller
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Karrasch
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany.,Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Roberto Lorbeer
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tatyana Ivanovska
- Department of Computational Neuroscience, Computer Vision, Georg-August-University, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Pomschar
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang G Kunz
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ricarda von Krüchten
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC) Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilian-University-Hospital, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Disease Research (DZHK e.V.), Partnersite Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Bamberg
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher L Schlett
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC) Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
238
|
Cantor JO, Turino GM. COPD Pathogenesis: Finding the Common in the Complex. Chest 2018; 155:266-271. [PMID: 30080996 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing an effective treatment for COPD, and especially pulmonary emphysema, will require an understanding of how fundamental changes at the molecular level affect the macroscopic structure of the lung. Currently, there is no accepted model that encompasses the biochemical and mechanical processes responsible for pulmonary airspace enlargement. We propose that pulmonary emphysematous changes may be more accurately described as an emergent phenomenon, involving alterations at the molecular level that eventually reach a critical structural threshold where uneven mechanical forces produce alveolar wall rupture, accompanied by advanced clinical signs of COPD. The coupling of emergent morphologic changes with biomarkers to detect the process, and counteract it therapeutically, represents a practical approach to the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerome O Cantor
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, St. John's University and St. Luke's-Mount Sinai Hospital Center, New York, NY.
| | - Gerard M Turino
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, St. John's University and St. Luke's-Mount Sinai Hospital Center, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
239
|
Moore PJ, Reidel B, Ghosh A, Sesma J, Kesimer M, Tarran R. Cigarette smoke modifies and inactivates SPLUNC1, leading to airway dehydration. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201800345R. [PMID: 29890087 PMCID: PMC6219833 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800345r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a growing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure, a major cause of COPD, dysregulates airway epithelial ion transport and diminishes airway surface liquid (ASL) volume. Short palate lung and nasal epithelial clone 1 (SPLUNC1) is secreted into the airway lumen where it maintains airway hydration via interactions with the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC). Although ASL hydration is dysregulated in CS-exposed/COPD airways, effects of CS on SPLUNC1 have not been elucidated. We hypothesized that CS alters SPLUNC1 activity, therefore contributing to ASL dehydration. CS exposure caused irreversible SPLUNC1 aggregation and prevented SPLUNC1 from internalizing ENaC and maintaining ASL hydration. Proteomic analysis revealed αβ-unsaturated aldehyde modifications to SPLUNC1's cysteine residues. Removal of these cysteines prevented SPLUNC1 from regulating ENaC/ASL volume. In contrast, SPX-101, a peptide mimetic of natural SPLUNC1, that internalizes ENaC, but does not contain cysteines was unaffected by CS. SPX-101 increased ASL hydration and attenuated ENaC activity in airway cultures after CS exposure and prolonged survival in a chronic airway disease model. These findings suggest that the CS-induced defects in SPLUNC1 can be circumvented, thus making SPX-101 a novel candidate for the treatment of mucus dehydration in COPD. -Moore, P. J., Reidel, B., Ghosh, A., Sesma, J., Kesimer, M., Tarran, R. Cigarette smoke modifies and inactivates SPLUNC1, leading to airway dehydration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Moore
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Boris Reidel
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Arunava Ghosh
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Mehmet Kesimer
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert Tarran
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
240
|
Segal LN, Martinez FJ. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subpopulations and phenotyping. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 141:1961-1971. [PMID: 29884286 PMCID: PMC5996762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been based largely on a one-size-fits-all approach. Diagnosis of COPD is based on meeting the physiologic criteria of fixed obstruction in forced expiratory flows and treatment focus on symptomatic relief, with limited effect on overall prognosis. However, patients with COPD have distinct features that determine very different evolutions of the disease. In this review we highlight distinct subgroups of COPD characterized by unique pathophysiologic derangements, response to treatment, and disease progression. It is likely that identification of subgroups of COPD will lead to discovery of much needed disease-modifying therapeutic approaches. We argue that a precision approach that integrates multiple dimensions (clinical, physiologic, imaging, and endotyping) is needed to move the field forward in the treatment of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leopoldo N Segal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY.
| | - Fernando J Martinez
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cornell University, Joan and Sanford I Weill Medical College, Ithaca, NY
| |
Collapse
|
241
|
Xu F, Lin J, Cui W, Kong Q, Li Q, Li L, Wei Y, Dong J. Scutellaria baicalensis Attenuates Airway Remodeling via PI3K/Akt/NF- κB Pathway in Cigarette Smoke Mediated-COPD Rats Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:1281420. [PMID: 29861765 PMCID: PMC5971322 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1281420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background. Scutellaria baicalensis (SB) is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for chronic inflammatory diseases. This study aims to investigate the effects of the early intervention with SB on airway remodeling in a well-established rat model of COPD induced by cigarette smoking. Methods. COPD model in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were established by exposing them to smoke for 6 days/week, for 12 weeks, 24 weeks, or 36 weeks. Meanwhile, rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, Budesonide (BUD) group, and the SB (low, middle, and high) dose groups with 8 rats in each group and 3 stages (12 weeks, 24 weeks, and 36 weeks). After treatment, the pulmonary function was evaluated by BUXCO system and the morphology changes of the lungs were observed with HE and Masson staining. The serum IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 and TNF-α, TGF-beta (TGF-β1), MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 levels in BALF were detected by ELISA-kit assay. The protein expression levels of AKT and NF-κB (p65) were determined by western blot (WB). Results. The oral of SB significantly improved pulmonary function (PF) and ameliorated the pathological damage and attenuated inflammatory cytokines infiltration into the lungs. Meanwhile, the levels of TGF-β, MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 were partially significantly decreased. The levels of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway were also markedly suppressed by SB. Conclusions. SB could significantly improve the condition of airway remodeling by inhibiting airway inflammation and partially quenching TGF-β and MMPs via PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinpei Lin
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqiang Cui
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture Research, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Kong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuping Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lulu Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
242
|
Chen Y, Thomas PS, Kumar RK, Herbert C. The role of noncoding RNAs in regulating epithelial responses in COPD. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L184-L192. [PMID: 29722561 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00063.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), one of the leading causes of death in the world, is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways usually caused by long-term exposure to inhaled irritants. Airway epithelial cells (AECs) play a key role in initializing COPD and driving the exacerbation of this disease through the release of various cytokines. This AEC-derived cytokine response is tightly regulated possibly through the regulatory effects of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Although the importance of ncRNAs in pulmonary diseases has been increasingly realized, little is known about the role of ncRNA in the regulation of inflammatory responses in COPD. This review outlines the features of AEC-derived cytokine responses in COPD and how ncRNAs regulate these inflammatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia
| | - Paul S Thomas
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital , Sydney , Australia
| | - Rakesh K Kumar
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia
| | - Cristan Herbert
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
243
|
Kruk DMLW, Heijink IH, Slebos DJ, Timens W, Ten Hacken NH. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Regenerate Emphysema: On the Horizon? Respiration 2018; 96:148-158. [PMID: 29719298 DOI: 10.1159/000488149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that play a pivotal role in various phases of lung development and lung homeostasis, and potentially also lung regeneration. MSCs do not only self-renew and differentiate into renew tissues, but also have anti-inflammatory and paracrine properties to reduce damage and to support tissue regeneration, constituting a promising cell-based treatment strategy for the repair of damaged alveolar tissue in emphysema. This review discusses the current state of the art regarding the potential of MSCs for the treatment of emphysema. The optimism regarding this treatment strategy is supported by promising results from animal models. Still, there are considerable challenges before effective stem cell treatment can be realized in emphysema patients. It is difficult to draw definitive conclusions from the available animal studies, as different models, dosage protocols, administration routes, and sources of MSCs have been used with different measures of effectiveness. Moreover, the regrowth potential of differentiated tissues and organs differs between species. Essential questions about MSC engraftment, retention, and survival have not been sufficiently addressed in a systematic manner. Few human studies have investigated MSC treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, demonstrating short-term safety but no convincing benefits on clinical outcomes. Possible explanations for the lack of beneficial effects on clinical outcomes could be the source (bone marrow), route, dosage, frequency of administration, and delivery (lack of a bioactive scaffold). This review will provide a comprehensive overview of the (pre)clinical studies on MSC effects in emphysema and discuss the current challenges regarding the optimal use of MSCs for cell-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis M L W Kruk
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Irene H Heijink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk-Jan Slebos
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nick H Ten Hacken
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
244
|
Huo Y, Xu J, Guan L, Wu W, Guo B, Yang Y, Lin L, Ou Y, Jiang F, Zhou L, Chen R. Methacholine induces extracellular matrix production by human airway smooth muscle cells through β-catenin signaling. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2018; 254:55-63. [PMID: 29715518 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Altered extracellular matrix (ECM) production by airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is an important feature of airway remodeling. Muscarinic receptor agonists contribute to ECM production in vivo, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. This study attempted to investigate the role of methacholine in promoting ECM production by human ASMCs (HASMCs) and the underlying mechanism. We found that methacholine induced the expression of collagen I protein and multiple ECM genes. β-catenin signaling was activated in this process upon GSK3β phosphorylation, leading to upregulation of total and active β-catenin. Silencing β-catenin by specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) or with the β-catenin inhibitor, PKF115-584, decreased collagen I expression. Conversely, overexpression of active β-catenin by adenoviruses carrying the S33Y-β-catenin mutant increased the methacholine-induced collagen I expression. Furthermore, methacholine induced TGF-β expression in HASMCs, while pan-TGF-β-neutralizing antibody only partially decreased collagen I expression. These findings suggest that methacholine induced ECM production through β-catenin signaling and partially through TGF-β.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yating Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yan Jiang Rd., Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Jiawen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yan Jiang Rd., Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Lili Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yan Jiang Rd., Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Weiliang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yan Jiang Rd., Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Bingpeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yan Jiang Rd., Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Yuqiong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yan Jiang Rd., Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yan Jiang Rd., Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Yonger Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yan Jiang Rd., Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Fangfang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yan Jiang Rd., Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Luqian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yan Jiang Rd., Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Rongchang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yan Jiang Rd., Guangzhou 510120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
245
|
Guan R, Wang J, Li Z, Ding M, Li D, Xu G, Wang T, Chen Y, Yang Q, Long Z, Cai Z, Zhang C, Liang X, Dong L, Zhao L, Zhang H, Sun D, Lu W. Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate Decreases Cigarette Smoke-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via Blocking the Activation of MAPK/HIF-1α Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:263. [PMID: 29765317 PMCID: PMC5938387 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α is frequently encountered and promotes oxidative stress and inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study investigated whether sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS), a water-soluble derivative of tanshinone IIA, can mediate its effect through inhibiting HIF-1α–induced oxidative stress and inflammation in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced COPD in mice. Here, we found that STS improved pulmonary function, ameliorated emphysema and decreased the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lungs of CS-exposed mice. STS reduced CS- and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced upregulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β in the lungs and macrophages. STS also inhibited CSE-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as well as the upregulation of heme oxygenase (HO)-1, NOX1 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in macrophages. In addition, STS suppressed HIF-1α expression in vivo and in vitro, and pretreatment with HIF-1α siRNA reduced CSE-induced elevation of TNF-α, IL-1β, and HO-1 content in the macrophages. Moreover, we found that STS inhibited CSE-induced the phosphorylation of ERK, p38 MAPK and JNK in macrophages, and inhibition of these signaling molecules significantly repressed CSE-induced HIF-1α expression. It indicated that STS inhibits CSE-induced HIF-1α expression likely by blocking MAPK signaling. Furthermore, STS also promoted HIF-1α protein degradation in CSE-stimulated macrophages. Taken together, these results suggest that STS prevents COPD development possibly through the inhibition of HIF-1α signaling, and may be a novel strategy for the treatment of COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Guan
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziying Li
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingjing Ding
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Defu Li
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihua Xu
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Long
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Cai
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenting Zhang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Liang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian Dong
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyun Zhang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dejun Sun
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
246
|
De Rose V, Molloy K, Gohy S, Pilette C, Greene CM. Airway Epithelium Dysfunction in Cystic Fibrosis and COPD. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:1309746. [PMID: 29849481 PMCID: PMC5911336 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1309746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, whereas chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is mainly caused by environmental factors (mostly cigarette smoking) on a genetically susceptible background. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases are different, both are associated with progressive airflow obstruction, airway neutrophilic inflammation, and recurrent exacerbations, suggesting common mechanisms. The airway epithelium plays a crucial role in maintaining normal airway functions. Major molecular and morphologic changes occur in the airway epithelium in both CF and COPD, and growing evidence suggests that airway epithelial dysfunction is involved in disease initiation and progression in both diseases. Structural and functional abnormalities in both airway and alveolar epithelium have a relevant impact on alteration of host defences, immune/inflammatory response, and the repair process leading to progressive lung damage and impaired lung function. In this review, we address the evidence for a critical role of dysfunctional airway epithelial cells in chronic airway inflammation and remodelling in CF and COPD, highlighting the common mechanisms involved in the epithelial dysfunction as well as the similarities and differences of the two diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia De Rose
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, A.O.U. S. Luigi Gonzaga, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Kevin Molloy
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sophie Gohy
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pole of Pneumology, ENT and Dermatology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pole of Pneumology, ENT and Dermatology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine M. Greene
- Lung Biology Group, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
247
|
A large lung gene expression study identifying IL1B as a novel player in airway inflammation in COPD airway epithelial cells. Inflamm Res 2018; 67:539-551. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
|
248
|
Franceschi C, Garagnani P, Morsiani C, Conte M, Santoro A, Grignolio A, Monti D, Capri M, Salvioli S. The Continuum of Aging and Age-Related Diseases: Common Mechanisms but Different Rates. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:61. [PMID: 29662881 PMCID: PMC5890129 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Geroscience, the new interdisciplinary field that aims to understand the relationship between aging and chronic age-related diseases (ARDs) and geriatric syndromes (GSs), is based on epidemiological evidence and experimental data that aging is the major risk factor for such pathologies and assumes that aging and ARDs/GSs share a common set of basic biological mechanisms. A consequence is that the primary target of medicine is to combat aging instead of any single ARD/GSs one by one, as favored by the fragmentation into hundreds of specialties and sub-specialties. If the same molecular and cellular mechanisms underpin both aging and ARDs/GSs, a major question emerges: which is the difference, if any, between aging and ARDs/GSs? The hypothesis that ARDs and GSs such as frailty can be conceptualized as accelerated aging will be discussed by analyzing in particular frailty, sarcopenia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson as well as Down syndrome as an example of progeroid syndrome. According to this integrated view, aging and ARDs/GSs become part of a continuum where precise boundaries do not exist and the two extremes are represented by centenarians, who largely avoided or postponed most ARDs/GSs and are characterized by decelerated aging, and patients who suffered one or more severe ARDs in their 60s, 70s, and 80s and show signs of accelerated aging, respectively. In between these two extremes, there is a continuum of intermediate trajectories representing a sort of gray area. Thus, clinically different, classical ARDs/GSs are, indeed, the result of peculiar combinations of alterations regarding the same, limited set of basic mechanisms shared with the aging process. Whether an individual will follow a trajectory of accelerated or decelerated aging will depend on his/her genetic background interacting lifelong with environmental and lifestyle factors. If ARDs and GSs are manifestations of accelerated aging, it is urgent to identify markers capable of distinguishing between biological and chronological age to identify subjects at higher risk of developing ARDs and GSs. To this aim, we propose the use of DNA methylation, N-glycans profiling, and gut microbiota composition to complement the available disease-specific markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Franceschi
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, University of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Applied Biomedical Research Center (CRBA), S. Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy.,CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Morsiani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Conte
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aurelia Santoro
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Grignolio
- Unit and Museum of History of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Monti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
249
|
Yang L, Jiao X, Wu J, Zhao J, Liu T, Xu J, Ma X, Cao L, Liu L, Liu Y, Chi J, Zou M, Li S, Xu J, Dong L. Cordyceps sinensis inhibits airway remodeling in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:2731-2738. [PMID: 29456676 PMCID: PMC5795554 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps sinensis is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been used for centuries in Asia as a tonic to soothe the lung for the treatment of respiratory diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of C. sinensis on airway remodeling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Rats with COPD were orally administered C. sinensis at low, moderate or high doses (2.5, 5 or 7.5 g/kg/day, respectively) for 12 weeks. Airway tissue histopathology, lung inflammation and airway remodeling were evaluated. C. sinensis treatment significantly ameliorated airway wall thickening, involving collagen deposition, airway wall fibrosis, smooth muscle hypertrophy and epithelial hyperplasia in model rats with COPD. Additionally, C. sinensis administration in rats with COPD reduced inflammatory cell accumulation and decreased inflammatory cytokine production, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-8 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Meanwhile, the increased levels of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen I in the COPD group were also markedly decreased by C. sinensis treatment. Furthermore, compared with untreated rats with COPD, C. sinensis reduced the expression level of phosphorylated (p)-Smad2, p-Smad3, TGF-β1 and its receptors, with the concomitant increased expression of Smad7 in the lungs of rats with COPD. These results indicated that treatment with C. sinensis may be a useful approach for COPD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
- Department of Tuberculosis, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Xingai Jiao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jinxiang Wu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jiping Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
- Department of Tuberculosis, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Liuzao Cao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Chi
- Department of Tuberculosis, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Minfang Zou
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
250
|
Lee SY, Cho JH, Cho SS, Bae CS, Kim GY, Park DH. Establishment of a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mouse model based on the elapsed time after LPS intranasal instillation. Lab Anim Res 2018; 34:1-10. [PMID: 29628971 PMCID: PMC5876158 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2018.34.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was the 3rd leading cause of death in 2012 worldwide. It is particularly severe in the elderly, who are at risk of death by coughing, mucous hypersecretion, and finally breathlessness. Recently, anti-COPD drug development has increased, and many animal screening systems have been studied. Tobacco smoke animal models are the best known animal screening system, but have several preparation requirements, such as a tobacco smoke generator and a separate facility to prevent smoke release. Accordingly, we evaluated the properties of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) murine model for COPD screening and the effect of the time elapsed from 0 to 72 hr after LPS intranasal instillation on various biomarkers of COPD severity, such as WBC and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF), IgE in serum, histopathology in the lung, and cytokines (IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and TGF-β) and chemokines (CCL-2, CXCL1, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11) in the respiratory system. Although from 48 hr after LPS treatment several factors which could be evaluated as biomarkers for COPD establishment such as WBC and neutrophil in BALF, IgE in serum, cytokines (IL-8, TNF-α, and IFN-γ), and chemokines (CCL-2, CXCL1, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11) increased at 72 hr the increment of important factors for COPD establishment such as IgE, fibrosis in the lung, and cytokines (IL-8, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) was more clear. Based on our results, we concluded that the optimal time after LPS intranasal instillation is 72 hr.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jin-Ho Cho
- Department of Nursing, Dongshin University, Naju, Korea
| | - Seung Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan, Korea
| | - Chun-Sik Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Gye-Yeop Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Dongshin University, Naju, Korea
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- Department of Nursing, Dongshin University, Naju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|