201
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Lau WL, Lin HYH, Wang PH. Urine mitochondrial DNA and diabetic nephropathy—a new frontier. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018; 33:719-721. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfy013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ling Lau
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Hugo You-Hsien Lin
- UC Irvine Diabetes Center and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ping H Wang
- UC Irvine Diabetes Center and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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202
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Sukjamnong S, Chan YL, Zakarya R, Nguyen LT, Anwer AG, Zaky AA, Santiyanont R, Oliver BG, Goldys E, Pollock CA, Chen H, Saad S. MitoQ supplementation prevent long-term impact of maternal smoking on renal development, oxidative stress and mitochondrial density in male mice offspring. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6631. [PMID: 29700332 PMCID: PMC5919980 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24949-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of maternal MitoQ treatment on renal disorders caused by maternal cigarette smoke exposure (SE). We have demonstrated that maternal SE during pregnancy increases the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adult offspring. Mitochondrial oxidative damage contributes to the adverse effects of maternal smoking on renal disorders. MitoQ is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant that has been shown to protect against oxidative damage-related pathologies in many diseases. Female Balb/c mice (8 weeks) were divided into Sham (exposed to air), SE (exposed to cigarette smoke) and SEMQ (exposed to cigarette smoke with MitoQ supplemented from mating) groups. Kidneys from the mothers were collected when the pups weaned and those from the offspring were collected at 13 weeks. Maternal MitoQ supplementation during gestation and lactation significantly reversed the adverse impact of maternal SE on offspring’s body weight, kidney mass and renal pathology. MitoQ administration also significantly reversed the impact of SE on the renal cellular mitochondrial density and renal total reactive oxygen species in both the mothers and their offspring in adulthood. Our results suggested that MitoQ supplementation can mitigate the adverse impact of maternal SE on offspring’s renal pathology, renal oxidative stress and mitochondrial density in mice offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suporn Sukjamnong
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yik Lung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, 2037, Australia
| | - Razia Zakarya
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, 2037, Australia
| | - Long The Nguyen
- Renal group Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Ayad G Anwer
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, 2109, NSW, Australia
| | - Amgad A Zaky
- Renal group Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Rachana Santiyanont
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Brian G Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, 2037, Australia
| | - Ewa Goldys
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, 2109, NSW, Australia
| | - Carol A Pollock
- Renal group Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Sonia Saad
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia. .,Renal group Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia.
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203
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Bryant JL, Guda PR, Asemu G, Subedi R, Ray S, Khalid OS, Shukla V, Patel D, Davis H, Nimmagadda VKC, Makar TK. Glomerular mitochondrial changes in HIV associated renal injury. Exp Mol Pathol 2018; 104:175-189. [PMID: 29608912 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is an AIDs-related disease of the kidney. HIVAN is characterized by severe proteinuria, podocyte hyperplasia, collapse, glomerular, and tubulointerstitial damage. HIV-1 transgenic (Tg26) mouse is the most popular model to study the HIV manifestations that develop similar renal presentations as HIVAN. Viral proteins, including Tat, Nef, and Vpr play a significant role in renal cell damage. It has been shown that mitochondrial changes are involved in several kidney diseases, and therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction may be implicated in the pathology of HIVAN. In the present study, we investigated the changes of mitochondrial homeostasis, biogenesis, dynamics, mitophagy, and examined the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis in the Tg26 mouse model. The Tg26 mice showed significant impairment of kidney function, which was accompanied by increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine and protein urea level. In addition, histological, western blot and PCR analysis of the Tg26 mice kidneys showed a downregulation of NAMPT, SIRT1, and SIRT3 expressions levels. Furthermore, the kidney of the Tg26 mice showed a downregulation of PGC1α, MFN2, and PARKIN, which are coupled with decrease of mitochondrial biogenesis, imbalance of mitochondrial dynamics, and downregulation of mitophagy, respectively. Furthermore, our results indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction were associated with ER stress, ROS generation and apoptosis. These results strongly suggest that the impaired mitochondrial morphology, homeostasis, and function associated with HIVAN. These findings indicated that a new insight on pathological mechanism associated with mitochondrial changes in HIVAN and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Bryant
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Girma Asemu
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rogin Subedi
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sugata Ray
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Omar S Khalid
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vivek Shukla
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dhruvil Patel
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Harry Davis
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Tapas K Makar
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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204
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Mito-TEMPO Alleviates Renal Fibrosis by Reducing Inflammation, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:5828120. [PMID: 29765500 PMCID: PMC5889907 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5828120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Renal fibrosis is a common pathological symptom of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Many studies support that mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are implicated in the pathogenesis of CKD. In our study, we investigated the benefits and underlying mechanisms of Mito-TEMPO on renal fibrosis in 5/6 nephrectomy mice. Methods Mice were randomly divided into five groups as follows: control group, CKD group, CKD + Mito-TEMPO (1 mg·kg-1·day-1) group, CKD + Mito-TEMPO (3 mg·kg-1·day-1) group, and Mito-TEMPO group (3 mg·kg-1·day-1). Renal fibrosis was evaluated by PAS, Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, and real-time PCR. Oxidative stress markers such as SOD2 activity and MDA level in serum and isolated mitochondria from renal tissue were measured by assay kits. Mitochondrial superoxide production was evaluated by MitoSOX staining and Western blot. Mitochondrial dysfunction was assessed by electron microscopy and real-time PCR. ER stress-associated protein was measured by Western blot. Results Impaired renal function and renal fibrosis were significantly improved by Mito-TEMPO treatment. Furthermore, inflammation cytokines, profibrotic factors, oxidative stress markers, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ER stress were all increased in the CKD group. However, these effects were significantly ameliorated in the Mito-TEMPO treatment group. Conclusions Mito-TEMPO ameliorates renal fibrosis by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress possibly through the Sirt3-SOD2 pathway, which sheds new light on prevention of renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease.
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205
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Ding W, Yousefi K, Goncalves S, Goldstein BJ, Sabater AL, Kloosterboer A, Ritter P, Lambert G, Mendez AJ, Shehadeh LA. Osteopontin deficiency ameliorates Alport pathology by preventing tubular metabolic deficits. JCI Insight 2018; 3:94818. [PMID: 29563333 PMCID: PMC5926939 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.94818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alport syndrome is a rare hereditary renal disorder with no etiologic therapy. We found that osteopontin (OPN) is highly expressed in the renal tubules of the Alport mouse and plays a causative pathological role. OPN genetic deletion ameliorated albuminuria, hypertension, tubulointerstitial proliferation, renal apoptosis, and hearing and visual deficits in the Alport mouse. In Alport renal tubules we found extensive cholesterol accumulation and increased protein expression of dynamin-3 (DNM3) and LDL receptor (LDLR) in addition to dysmorphic mitochondria with defective bioenergetics. Increased pathological cholesterol influx was confirmed by a remarkably increased uptake of injected DiI-LDL cholesterol by Alport renal tubules, and by the improved lifespan of the Alport mice when crossed with the Ldlr-/- mice with defective cholesterol influx. Moreover, OPN-deficient Alport mice demonstrated significant reduction of DNM3 and LDLR expression. In human renal epithelial cells, overexpressing DNM3 resulted in elevated LDLR protein expression and defective mitochondrial respiration. Our results suggest a potentially new pathway in Alport pathology where tubular OPN causes DNM3- and LDLR-mediated enhanced cholesterol influx and impaired mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ding
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute
| | - Keyvan Yousefi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lina A. Shehadeh
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology
- Vascular Biology Institute, and
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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206
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Urinary Mitochondrial DNA Levels Identify Acute Kidney Injury in Surgical Critical Illness Patients. Shock 2018; 48:11-17. [PMID: 28060212 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies showed that mitochondrial injury and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage are associated with the initiation and progression of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, practical limitations of existing assays of mitochondrial function have limited our ability to study the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and renal injury. Therefore, we evaluated urinary mtDNA (UmtDNA) as a biomarker of AKI in critical illness patients. METHODS DNA was isolated from urine samples in surgical intensive care unit (SICU) patients and quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Correlation analyses showed the relationships between the UmtDNA and several biomarkers of renal dysfunction. Moreover, we evaluated the predictive and diagnostic values of UmtDNA in newly developed AKI, renal replacement therapy (RRT), and hospital mortality using receiver operating characteristics curves. RESULTS MtDNA were expressed as PCR threshold cycle (Tc) number. Lower Tc indicated increased urinary mtDNA concentration. The baseline UmtDNA levels were elevated in SICU patients especially in AKI patients, compared with that in healthy controls. UmtDNA Tc number inversely correlated with serum creatine and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and directly with estimated glomerular filtration rate. Furthermore, baseline UmtDNA levels had high effectiveness in predicting development of AKI, initiation of RRT, and hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS Elevated UmtDNA levels could identify newly developed AKI and predict RRT or hospital mortality in SICU patients. UmtDNA Tc number correlated with markers of renal injury and dysfunction, suggesting the involvement of mitochondrial injury in kidney damage among surgical critical illness patients.
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207
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Bosch-Panadero E, Mas S, Civantos E, Abaigar P, Camarero V, Ruiz-Priego A, Ortiz A, Egido J, González-Parra E. Bisphenol A is an exogenous toxin that promotes mitochondrial injury and death in tubular cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:325-332. [PMID: 29214717 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uremic toxins that accumulate in chronic kidney disease (CKD) contribute to CKD complications, such as CKD progression. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous environmental toxin, structurally related with p-cresol, that accumulates in CKD. Our aim was to characterize the nephrotoxic potential of BPA. Specifically, we addressed BPA toxicity over energy-demanding proximal tubular cells. METHODS Cell death and oxidative stress were evaluated by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy in HK-2 human proximal tubular epithelial cells. Functional assays tested ATP, intracellular Ca2+ , mitochondrial function (tetramethylrhodamine methyl [TMRM]), oxygen consumption, Nrf2-binding, MitoSOX, and NADPH oxidase activity. Gene expression was assessed by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Following acute exposure (24 hours), proximal tubular cell viability was decreased by BPA concentrations ≥50 μM while a seven-day exposure resulted in a progressive loss of cell viability at a nanomolar range. Within 24 hours, BPA promoted mitochondrial dysfunction leading to energy depletion and increased mitochondrial and cytoplasmic oxidative stress and apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. An antioxidant response was observed manifested by nuclear Nrf2 translocation and increased expression of the Nrf2 target genes Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 (NQO-1). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates for the first time that BPA causes mitochondrial injury, oxidative stress and apoptotic death in tubular cells. These results characterize BPA as an exogenous toxin that, similar to uremic toxins, may contribute to CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Bosch-Panadero
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Av Reyes Catolicos 2, Madrid, E-28040, Spain
| | - Sebastian Mas
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Av Reyes Catolicos 2, Madrid, E-28040, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - Esther Civantos
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - Pedro Abaigar
- Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - Vanesa Camarero
- Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - Alberto Ruiz-Priego
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Av Reyes Catolicos 2, Madrid, E-28040, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Av Reyes Catolicos 2, Madrid, E-28040, Spain
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Kidney Research Network (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Egido
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Av Reyes Catolicos 2, Madrid, E-28040, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Spain
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio González-Parra
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Av Reyes Catolicos 2, Madrid, E-28040, Spain
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Kidney Research Network (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
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208
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mitochondria are complex intracellular organelles with a variety of important functions. The kidney tubule is densely packed with mitochondria, and mitochondrial dysfunction is thought to be central to the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). Mitochondria therefore represent potential targets for novel therapeutic interventions in AKI. RECENT FINDINGS Several mitochondrial targeted approaches have shown promise in recent preclinical studies of AKI, including measures to: reduce oxidative stress within mitochondria; prevent mitochondrial fission and activation of cell death pathways; enhance recycling of damaged mitochondria via autophagy and mitophagy; and accelerate mitochondrial biogenesis postinsult. SUMMARY Recent studies show that it is now eminently feasible to pharmacologically manipulate various key aspects of mitochondrial biology in the kidney, and this has much potential for the future treatment of AKI. However, significant hurdles will have to be overcome in the translational pathway for these strategies to successfully migrate to the clinic.
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209
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Zhuang Y, Wang C, Wu C, Ding D, Zhao F, Hu C, Gong W, Ding G, Zhang Y, Chen L, Yang G, Zhu C, Zhang A, Jia Z, Huang S. Mitochondrial oxidative stress activates COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2 cascade induced by albumin in renal proximal tubular cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:9235-9245. [PMID: 29507686 PMCID: PMC5823666 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2 cascade is of importance in the pathogenesis of kidney injury. Meanwhile, recent studies documented a detrimental role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in kidney diseases. The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in albumin-induced activation of COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2 cascade in renal proximal tubular cells. Following albumin overload in mice, we observed a significant increase of oxidative stress and mitochondrial abnormality determined by transmission electron microscope, which was attenuated by the administration of MnTBAP, a mitochondrial SOD2 mimic. More interestingly, albumin overload-induced upregulation of COX-2 and mPGES-1 at mRNA and protein levels was largely abolished by MnTBAP treatment in mice. Meanwhile, urinary PGE2 excretion was also blocked by MnTBAP treatment. Furthermore, mouse proximal tubule epithelial cells (mPTCs) were treated with albumin. Similarly, COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2 cascade was significantly activated by albumin in dose- and time-dependent manners, which was abolished by MnTBAP treatment in parallel with a blockade of oxidative stress. Collectively, the findings from current study demonstrated that mitochondrial oxidative stress could activate COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2 cascade in proximal tubular cells under the proteinuria condition. Mitochondrial oxidative stress/COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2 could serve as the important targets for the treatment of proteinuria-associated kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Zhuang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chenhu Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chunfeng Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Dan Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Caiyu Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Guixia Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lihong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Guangrui Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chunhua Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Songming Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing 210008, China
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210
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Ingold I, Berndt C, Schmitt S, Doll S, Poschmann G, Buday K, Roveri A, Peng X, Porto Freitas F, Seibt T, Mehr L, Aichler M, Walch A, Lamp D, Jastroch M, Miyamoto S, Wurst W, Ursini F, Arnér ES, Fradejas-Villar N, Schweizer U, Zischka H, Friedmann Angeli JP, Conrad M. Selenium Utilization by GPX4 Is Required to Prevent Hydroperoxide-Induced Ferroptosis. Cell 2018; 172:409-422.e21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 458] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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211
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Perry HM, Huang L, Wilson RJ, Bajwa A, Sesaki H, Yan Z, Rosin DL, Kashatus DF, Okusa MD. Dynamin-Related Protein 1 Deficiency Promotes Recovery from AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 29:194-206. [PMID: 29084809 PMCID: PMC5748924 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017060659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The proximal tubule epithelium relies on mitochondrial function for energy, rendering the kidney highly susceptible to ischemic AKI. Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), a mediator of mitochondrial fission, regulates mitochondrial function; however, the cell-specific and temporal role of DRP1 in AKI in vivo is unknown. Using genetic murine models, we found that proximal tubule-specific deletion of Drp1 prevented the renal ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury, inflammation, and programmed cell death observed in wild-type mice and promoted epithelial recovery, which associated with activation of the renoprotective β-hydroxybutyrate signaling pathway. Loss of DRP1 preserved mitochondrial structure and reduced oxidative stress in injured kidneys. Lastly, proximal tubule deletion of DRP1 after ischemia-reperfusion injury attenuated progressive kidney injury and fibrosis. These results implicate DRP1 and mitochondrial dynamics as an important mediator of AKI and progression to fibrosis and suggest that DRP1 may serve as a therapeutic target for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Perry
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, and
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, and
| | | | - David F Kashatus
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine,
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212
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Lemoine S, Panaye M, Rabeyrin M, Errazuriz-Cerda E, Mousson de Camaret B, Petiot P, Juillard L, Guebre-Egziabher F. Renal Involvement in Neuropathy, Ataxia, Retinitis Pigmentosa (NARP) Syndrome: A Case Report. Am J Kidney Dis 2017; 71:754-757. [PMID: 29224958 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of a patient who had the mitochondrial cytopathy complex of neuropathy, ataxia, and retinitis pigmentosa (NARP) syndrome diagnosed at age 11 years with a biopsy-proven kidney involvement that progressed to end-stage renal disease at age 21 years. Mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are maternally inherited and lead to mitochondrial cytopathies with predominant neurologic manifestations: psychomotor retardation, epilepsy, ataxia, neuropathy, and myopathy. Given the ubiquitous nature of mitochondria, cellular dysfunction can also appear in tissues with high metabolic turnover; thus, there can be cardiac, digestive, ophthalmologic, and kidney complications. Mutations in the MT-ATP6 gene of mtDNA have been shown to cause NARP syndrome without renal involvement. We report a patient who had NARP syndrome diagnosed at age 11 years in whom glomerular proteinuria was present very early after diagnosis. Although neurologic manifestations were stable over time, he developed worsening proteinuria and kidney function. He started dialysis therapy at age 21 years. Kidney biopsy confirmed the mitochondrial cytopathy histologically, with abnormal mitochondria seen on electron microscopy. The MT-ATP6 gene mutation was detected in the kidney biopsy specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Lemoine
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Néphrologie, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, INSERM U1060, CarMeN, Université Lyon-1, Lyon, France
| | - Marine Panaye
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Néphrologie, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - Maud Rabeyrin
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Laboratoire d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologique, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | | | - Bénédicte Mousson de Camaret
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service des Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
| | - Philippe Petiot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Explorations fonctionnelles Neurologiques, Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuro-Musculaires, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Juillard
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Néphrologie, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, INSERM U1060, CarMeN, Université Lyon-1, Lyon, France
| | - Fitsum Guebre-Egziabher
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Néphrologie, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, INSERM U1060, CarMeN, Université Lyon-1, Lyon, France; Department of Nephrology Dialysis-Apheresis Transplantation, Centre hospitalier universitaire Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France.
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213
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Eirin A, Lerman A, Lerman LO. The Emerging Role of Mitochondrial Targeting in Kidney Disease. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2017; 240:229-250. [PMID: 27316914 DOI: 10.1007/164_2016_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Renal disease affects millions of people worldwide, imposing an enormous financial burden for health-care systems. Recent evidence suggests that mitochondria play an important role in the pathogenesis of different forms of renal disease, including genetic defects, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, aging, renal tumors, and transplant nephropathy. Renal mitochondrial abnormalities and dysfunction affect several cellular pathways, leading to increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, microvascular loss, and fibrosis, all of which compromise renal function. Over recent years, compounds that specifically target mitochondria have emerged as promising therapeutic options for patients with renal disease. Although the most compelling evidence is based on preclinical studies, several compounds are currently being tested in clinical trials. This chapter provides an overview of the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in renal disease and summarizes the current knowledge on mitochondria-targeted strategies to attenuate renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Eirin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. .,Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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214
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Ward MS, Flemming NB, Gallo LA, Fotheringham AK, McCarthy DA, Zhuang A, Tang PH, Borg DJ, Shaw H, Harvie B, Briskey DR, Roberts LA, Plan MR, Murphy MP, Hodson MP, Forbes JM. Targeted mitochondrial therapy using MitoQ shows equivalent renoprotection to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition but no combined synergy in diabetes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15190. [PMID: 29123192 PMCID: PMC5680236 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15589-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a pathological mediator of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Our objective was to test the mitochondrially targeted agent, MitoQ, alone and in combination with first line therapy for DKD. Intervention therapies (i) vehicle (D); (ii) MitoQ (DMitoQ;0.6 mg/kg/day); (iii) Ramipril (DRam;3 mg/kg/day) or (iv) combination (DCoAd) were administered to male diabetic db/db mice for 12 weeks (n = 11–13/group). Non-diabetic (C) db/m mice were followed concurrently. No therapy altered glycaemic control or body weight. By the study end, both monotherapies improved renal function, decreasing glomerular hyperfiltration and albuminuria. All therapies prevented tubulointerstitial collagen deposition, but glomerular mesangial expansion was unaffected. Renal cortical concentrations of ATP, ADP, AMP, cAMP, creatinine phosphate and ATP:AMP ratio were increased by diabetes and mostly decreased with therapy. A higher creatine phosphate:ATP ratio in diabetic kidney cortices, suggested a decrease in ATP consumption. Diabetes elevated glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and oxidised (NAD+ and NADP+) and reduced (NADH) nicotinamide dinucleotides, which therapy decreased generally. Diabetes increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption (OCR) at complex II-IV. MitoQ further increased OCR but decreased ATP, suggesting mitochondrial uncoupling as its mechanism of action. MitoQ showed renoprotection equivalent to ramipril but no synergistic benefits of combining these agents were shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micheal S Ward
- Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicole B Flemming
- Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,Schools of Biomedical Sciences, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Linda A Gallo
- Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,Schools of Biomedical Sciences, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amelia K Fotheringham
- Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,Schools of Biomedical Sciences, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Domenica A McCarthy
- Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Aowen Zhuang
- Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,Medicine, Schools of Biomedical Sciences, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter H Tang
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Danielle J Borg
- Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,Schools of Biomedical Sciences, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hannah Shaw
- Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Benjamin Harvie
- The University of Queensland Biological Resources, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - David R Briskey
- Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Llion A Roberts
- Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Manuel R Plan
- Metabolomics Australia Queensland Node, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael P Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark P Hodson
- Medicine, Schools of Biomedical Sciences, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,Pharmacy The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,Metabolomics Australia Queensland Node, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Josephine M Forbes
- Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia. .,Medicine, Schools of Biomedical Sciences, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia. .,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Australia.
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215
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Kirkman DL, Muth BJ, Ramick MG, Townsend RR, Edwards DG. Role of mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species in microvascular dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 314:F423-F429. [PMID: 29117995 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00321.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Mitochondrial dysfunction secondary to CKD is a potential source of oxidative stress that may impair vascular function. This study sought to determine if mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species contribute to microvascular dysfunction in stage 3-5 CKD. Cutaneous vasodilation in response to local heating was assessed in 20 CKD patients [60 ± 13 yr; estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 46 ± 13 ml·kg-1·1.73 m-2] and 11 matched healthy participants (58 ± 2 yr; eGFR >90 ml·kg-1·1.73 m-2). Participants were instrumented with two microdialysis fibers for the delivery of 1) Ringer solution, and 2) the mitochondria- specific superoxide scavenger MitoTempo. Skin blood flow was measured via laser Doppler flowmetry during standardized local heating (42°C). Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was calculated as a percentage of the maximum conductance achieved with sodium nitroprusside infusion at 43°C. Urinary isofuran/F2-isoprostane ratios were assessed by gas-chromatography mass spectroscopy. Isofuran-to-F2-isoprostane ratios were increased in CKD patients (3.08 ± 0.32 vs. 1.69 ± 0.12 arbitrary units; P < 0.01) indicative of mitochondria-derived oxidative stress. Cutaneous vasodilation was impaired in CKD compared with healthy controls (87 ± 1 vs. 92 ± 1%CVCmax; P < 0.01). Infusion of MitoTempo significantly increased the plateau phase CVC in CKD patients (CKD Ringer vs. CKD MitoTempo: 87 ± 1 vs. 93 ± 1%CVCmax; P < 0.01) to similar levels observed in healthy controls ( P = 0.9). These data provide in vivo evidence that mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species contribute to microvascular dysfunction in CKD and suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction may be a potential therapeutic target to improve CKD-related vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L Kirkman
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware
| | - Bryce J Muth
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware
| | - Meghan G Ramick
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware
| | - Raymond R Townsend
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David G Edwards
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware
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216
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Mitophagy and age-related pathologies: Development of new therapeutics by targeting mitochondrial turnover. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 178:157-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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217
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Leaf IA, Duffield JS. What can target kidney fibrosis? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017; 32:i89-i97. [PMID: 28391346 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfw388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis, a characteristic of all chronic kidney diseases, is now recognized to be an independent predictor of disease progression. Deposition of pathological matrix in the walls of glomerular capillaries, the interstitial space and around arterioles both predicts and contributes to functional demise of the nephron and its surrounding vasculature. Recent identification of the major cell populations of fibroblast precursors in the kidney interstitium as pericytes and tissue-resident mesenchymal stem cells, and in the glomerulus as podocytes, parietal epithelial and mesangial cells, has enabled the study of the fibrogenic process in much greater depth directly in the fibroblast precursors. These cells are not only matrix-producing cells, but are also important innate immune surveillance cells that regulate the inflammatory process, exacerbate tissue damage by release of radicals and cytokines, and contribute to parenchymal and microvascular dysfunction by aberrant wound-healing responses. Innate immune signaling in fibroblasts and their precursors is intimately intertwined with the process of fibrogenesis. In addition, genomic and genetic studies also point to defective responses in loci close to genes involved in solute transport, metabolism, autophagy, protein handling and vascular homeostasis, principally in the epithelium and endothelium, as upstream drivers of the fibrotic process, indicating that cellular crosstalk is vital for development of fibrosis. As we move beyond TGFβ inhibition as a central target for fibrosis, targeting innate immune signaling and metabolic dysfunction appear increasingly tenable alternative targets for novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Leaf
- Research & Development, Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jeremy S Duffield
- Research & Development, Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA.,University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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218
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He L, Wei Q, Liu J, Yi M, Liu Y, Liu H, Sun L, Peng Y, Liu F, Venkatachalam MA, Dong Z. AKI on CKD: heightened injury, suppressed repair, and the underlying mechanisms. Kidney Int 2017; 92:1071-1083. [PMID: 28890325 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are interconnected. Although AKI-to-CKD transition has been intensively studied, the information of AKI on CKD is very limited. Nonetheless, AKI, when occurring in patients with CKD, is known to be more severe and difficult to recover. CKD is associated with significant changes in cell signaling in kidney tissues, including the activation of transforming growth factor-β, p53, hypoxia-inducible factor, and major developmental pathways. At the cellular level, CKD is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and aberrant autophagy. At the tissue level, CKD is characterized by chronic inflammation and vascular dysfunction. These pathologic changes may contribute to the heightened sensitivity of, and nonrecovery from, AKI in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu He
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mixuan Yi
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Youming Peng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fuyou Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Manjeri A Venkatachalam
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
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219
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Park E, Kang HG, Choi YH, Lee KB, Moon KC, Jeong HJ, Nagata M, Cheong HI. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and medullary nephrocalcinosis in children with ADCK4 mutations. Pediatr Nephrol 2017; 32:1547-1554. [PMID: 28405841 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-017-3657-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the AarF domain containing kinase 4 gene (ADCK4), one of the novel genes causing steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), usually manifest as isolated adolescent-onset focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). ADCK4 interacts with components of the coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) biosynthesis pathway. METHODS The incidence and phenotypes of patients with ADCK4 mutations were investigated in a cohort of Korean pediatric patients with SRNS. RESULTS Among the 53 patients enrolled in the study the incidence of ADCK4-associated FSGS was 7.5% (n = 4) in children aged 5 years and older with multidrug-resistant FSGS. Two additional patients were included for phenotype analyses, one detected by family screening and the other with cyclosporine-responsive FSGS. These six patients presented proteinuria without overt nephrotic syndrome at a median age of 110 (range 60-153) months, of whom five progressed to end-stage renal disease within a median period of 46 (range 36-79) months after onset. Renal biopsies revealed mitochondrial abnormalities in podocytes and tubular cells of all patients. Notably, all patients showed accompanying medullary nephrocalcinosis. None of the patients showed other extrarenal manifestations. CONCLUSIONS ADCK4 mutations should be considered in older children presenting with steroid resistant FSGS. An early diagnosis of ADCK4 mutations is essential because the condition is treatable with CoQ10 supplementation at an early stage. The association with medullary nephrocalcinosis may be an additional diagnostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eujin Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Hee Gyung Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.,Research Coordination Center for Rare Diseases, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Young Hun Choi
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Bun Lee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Kyung Chul Moon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Joo Jeong
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Michio Nagata
- Kidney and Vascular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hae Il Cheong
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea. .,Research Coordination Center for Rare Diseases, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea. .,Kidney Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
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220
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Ke B, Shen W, Fang X, Wu Q. The NLPR3 inflammasome and obesity-related kidney disease. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:16-24. [PMID: 28857469 PMCID: PMC5742686 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the prevalence of obesity has increased, accompanied by a parallel increase in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Mounting evidence suggests that high body mass index (BMI) and obesity are important risk factors for CKD, but little is known about the mechanisms of obesity‐related kidney disease (ORKD). The NLRP3 inflammasome is a polyprotein complex that plays a crucial role in the inflammatory process, and numerous recent studies suggest that the NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in ORKD development and may serve as a key modulator of ORKD. Moreover, inhibiting activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been shown to attenuate ORKD. In this review, we summarize recent progress in understanding the link between the NLRP3 inflammasome and ORKD and discuss targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome as a novel therapeutic approach for ORKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Ke
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiangdong Fang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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221
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Abstract
The kidney requires a large number of mitochondria to remove waste from the blood and regulate fluid and electrolyte balance. Mitochondria provide the energy to drive these important functions and can adapt to different metabolic conditions through a number of signalling pathways (for example, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways) that activate the transcriptional co-activator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator 1α (PGC1α), and by balancing mitochondrial dynamics and energetics to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction leads to a decrease in ATP production, alterations in cellular functions and structure, and the loss of renal function. Persistent mitochondrial dysfunction has a role in the early stages and progression of renal diseases, such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and diabetic nephropathy, as it disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis and thus normal kidney function. Improving mitochondrial homeostasis and function has the potential to restore renal function, and administering compounds that stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis can restore mitochondrial and renal function in mouse models of AKI and diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, inhibiting the fission protein dynamin 1-like protein (DRP1) might ameliorate ischaemic renal injury by blocking mitochondrial fission.
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222
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Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Reduces Ischemia-Induced Kidney Mitochondrial Injury in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:1697018. [PMID: 28883899 PMCID: PMC5572631 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1697018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
During partial nephrectomy, the avoidance of ischemic renal damage is extremely important as duration of renal artery clamping (i.e., ischemia) influences postoperative kidney function. Mitochondria (main producer of ATP in the cell) are very sensitive to ischemia and undergo damage during oxidative stress. Finding of a compound which diminishes ischemic injury to kidney is of great importance. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), biologically active compound of propolis, might be one of the promising therapeutic agents against ischemia-caused damage. Despite wide range of biological activities of CAPE, detailed biochemical mechanisms of its action at the level of mitochondria during ischemia are poorly described and need to be investigated. We investigated if CAPE (22 mg/kg and 34 mg/kg, injected intraperitoneally) has protective effects against short (20 min) and longer time (40 min) rat kidney ischemia in an in vitro ischemia model. CAPE ameliorates in part ischemia-induced renal mitochondrial injury, improves oxidative phosphorylation with complex I-dependent substrate glutamate/malate, increases Ca2+ uptake by mitochondria, blocks ischemia-induced caspase-3 activation, and protects kidney cells from ischemia-induced necrosis. The protective effects on mitochondrial respiration rates were seen after shorter (20 min) time of ischemia whereas reduction of apotosis and necrosis and increase in Ca2+ uptake were revealed after both, shorter and longer time of ischemia.
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223
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The use of high-throughput screening techniques to evaluate mitochondrial toxicity. Toxicology 2017; 391:34-41. [PMID: 28789971 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Toxicologists and chemical regulators depend on accurate and effective methods to evaluate and predict the toxicity of thousands of current and future compounds. Robust high-throughput screening (HTS) experiments have the potential to efficiently test large numbers of chemical compounds for effects on biological pathways. HTS assays can be utilized to examine chemical toxicity across multiple mechanisms of action, experimental models, concentrations, and lengths of exposure. Many agricultural, industrial, and pharmaceutical chemicals classified as harmful to human and environmental health exert their effects through the mechanism of mitochondrial toxicity. Mitochondrial toxicants are compounds that cause a decrease in the number of mitochondria within a cell, and/or decrease the ability of mitochondria to perform normal functions including producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to apoptosis, necrosis, altered metabolism, muscle weakness, neurodegeneration, decreased organ function, and eventually disease or death of the whole organism. The development of HTS techniques to identify mitochondrial toxicants will provide extensive databases with essential connections between mechanistic mitochondrial toxicity and chemical structure. Computational and bioinformatics approaches can be used to evaluate compound databases for specific chemical structures associated with toxicity, with the goal of developing quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models and mitochondrial toxicophores. Ultimately these predictive models will facilitate the identification of mitochondrial liabilities in consumer products, industrial compounds, pharmaceuticals and environmental hazards.
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224
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Liu X, Wang W, Song G, Wei X, Zeng Y, Han P, Wang D, Shao M, Wu J, Sun H, Xiong G, Li S. Astragaloside IV ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by modulating the mitochondrial quality control network. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182558. [PMID: 28767702 PMCID: PMC5540580 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and possible mechanism of Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on retarding the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in a type 2 diabetic animal model, db/db mice. Eight-week-old male db/db diabetic mice and their nondiabetic littermate control db/m mice were used in the present study. AS-IV was administered to the db/db mice by adding it to standard feed at a dose of 1g/kg for 12 weeks. Renal injury was assessed by urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and Periodic acid-Schiff staining. The protein expression levels of mitochondrial quality-control-associated proteins were evaluated using Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining analysis. At the end of the experiment, db/db mice showed overt renal injury, as evidenced by increased UAE, increased urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), expansion of mesangial matrix, and increased renal tubular area. AS-IV administration significantly reduced UAE and urinary NAG and ameliorated the renal pathologic injury seen in db/db mice. Furthermore, the expression of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp-1), mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fis-1), and mitochondrial fission factor (MFF), the main regulators of mitochondrial fission, was significantly increased in db/db mice. Moreover, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin-mediated mitophagy was abnormally activated in db/db mice. AS-IV significantly reduced renal Drp-1, Fis-1, and MFF expression and downregulated PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in db/db mice. However, mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial fusion-associated protein levels were not significantly different between db/m and db/db mice in our study, with or without AS-IV treatment. In conclusion, administration of AS-IV could retard DN progression in type 2 diabetes mice, which might be associated with restoration of the mitochondrial quality control network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Gaofeng Song
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xian Wei
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Youjia Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Pengxun Han
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongtao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Mumin Shao
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huili Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoliang Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shunmin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail:
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225
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Park E, Ahn YH, Kang HG, Yoo KH, Won NH, Lee KB, Moon KC, Seong MW, Gwon TR, Park SS, Cheong HI. COQ6 Mutations in Children With Steroid-Resistant Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Am J Kidney Dis 2017; 70:139-144. [DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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226
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Choe Y, Park E, Hyun HS, Ko JM, Kang HG, Kim JH, Park SH, Cheong HI. A 7-year-old girl presenting with a Bartter-like phenotype: Answers. Pediatr Nephrol 2017; 32:983-985. [PMID: 27534763 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-016-3480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunsoo Choe
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Eujin Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Hye Sun Hyun
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Jung Min Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Korea.,Research Coordination Center for Rare Diseases, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Gyung Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Korea.,Research Coordination Center for Rare Diseases, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, and Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Il Cheong
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Korea. .,Research Coordination Center for Rare Diseases, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. .,Kidney Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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227
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Zakrocka I, Kocki T, Turski WA. The effect of three angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on kynurenic acid production in rat kidney in vitro. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:536-541. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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228
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Tanada Y, Okuda J, Kato T, Minamino-Muta E, Murata I, Soga T, Shioi T, Kimura T. The metabolic profile of a rat model of chronic kidney disease. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3352. [PMID: 28560105 PMCID: PMC5444364 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The kidney is always subjected to high metabolic demand. The aim of this study was to characterize metabolic profiles of a rat model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) induced by prolonged hypertension. Methods We used inbred male Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) rats fed an 8% NaCl diet from six weeks of age (high-salt; HS group) or a 0.3% NaCl diet as controls (low-salt; LS group). We analyzed function, pathology, metabolome, and the gene expression related to energy metabolism of the kidney. Results DS rats with a high-salt diet showed hypertension at 11 weeks of age and elevated serum levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen with heart failure at 21 weeks of age. The fibrotic area in the kidneys increased at 21 weeks of age. In addition, gene expression related to mitochondrial function was largely decreased. The levels of citrate and isocitrate increased and the gene expression of alpha-ketoglutaratedehydrogenase and succinyl-CoA synthetase decreased; these are enzymes that metabolize citrate and isocitrate, respectively. In addition, the levels of succinate and acetyl Co-A, both of which are metabolites of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, decreased. Conclusions DS rats fed a high-salt diet were deemed a suitable model of CKD with CRS. Gene expression and metabolites related to energy metabolism and mitochondria in the kidney significantly changed in DS rats with hypertension in accordance with the progression of renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Tanada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junji Okuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takao Kato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eri Minamino-Muta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ichijiro Murata
- Department of Chronic Kidney Disease, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Shioi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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229
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Ising C, Bharill P, Brinkkoetter S, Brähler S, Schroeter C, Koehler S, Hagmann H, Merkwirth C, Höhne M, Müller RU, Fabretti F, Schermer B, Bloch W, Kerjaschki D, Kurschat CE, Benzing T, Brinkkoetter PT. Prohibitin-2 Depletion Unravels Extra-Mitochondrial Functions at the Kidney Filtration Barrier. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 186:1128-39. [PMID: 27105734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial fusion is essential for maintenance of mitochondrial function and requires the prohibitin ring complex subunit prohibitin-2 (PHB2) at the mitochondrial inner membrane. Loss of the stomatin/PHB/flotillin/HflK/C (SPFH) domain containing protein PHB2 causes mitochondrial dysfunction and defective mitochondria-mediated signaling, which is implicated in a variety of human diseases, including progressive renal disease. Here, we provide evidence of additional, extra-mitochondrial functions of this membrane-anchored protein. Immunofluorescence and immunogold labeling detected PHB2 at mitochondrial membranes and at the slit diaphragm, a specialized cell junction at the filtration slit of glomerular podocytes. PHB2 coprecipitated with podocin, another SPFH domain-containing protein, essential for the assembly of the slit diaphragm protein-lipid supercomplex. Consistent with an evolutionarily conserved extra-mitochondrial function, the ortholog of PHB2 in Caenorhabditis elegans was also not restricted to mitochondria but colocalized with the mechanosensory complex that requires the podocin ortholog MEC2 for assembly. Knockdown of phb-2 partially phenocopied loss of mec-2 in touch neurons of the nematode, resulting in impaired gentle touch sensitivity. Collectively, these data indicate that, besides its established role in mitochondria, PHB2 may have an additional function in conserved protein-lipid complexes at the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Ising
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Puneet Bharill
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sibylle Brinkkoetter
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian Brähler
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Christina Schroeter
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sybille Koehler
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Hagmann
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carsten Merkwirth
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Martin Höhne
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne (Sybacol), Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman U Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne (Sybacol), Cologne, Germany
| | - Francesca Fabretti
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne (Sybacol), Cologne, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dontscho Kerjaschki
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine E Kurschat
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne (Sybacol), Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Benzing
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne (Sybacol), Cologne, Germany
| | - Paul T Brinkkoetter
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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230
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Ho PWL, Pang WF, Luk CCW, Ng JKC, Chow KM, Kwan BCH, Li PKT, Szeto CC. Urinary Mitochondrial DNA Level as a Biomarker of Acute Kidney Injury Severity. KIDNEY DISEASES 2017; 3:78-83. [PMID: 28868295 DOI: 10.1159/000475883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). The urinary mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) level was previously shown to predict renal function recovery in AKI following cardiac surgery. Herein, we determine whether urinary mtDNA is a marker of severity and predictor of recovery in AKI due to other etiologies. METHODS We recruited 107 AKI patients. The urinary mtDNA level was measured, the severity of AKI was quantified, and patients were followed for 90 days. RESULTS The urinary mtDNA level had modest but statistically significant correlations with the peak serum creatinine level (Spearman's r = -0.248, p = 0.010) and the duration of hospital stay (r = -0.217, p = 0.025). Patients who required temporary dialysis also tended to have higher urinary mtDNA levels than those without dialysis (22.6 ± 4.5 vs. 24.9 ± 5.7 cycles, p = 0.06). There was no definite relation between the urinary mtDNA level and renal function recovery. CONCLUSION The urinary mtDNA level is a marker of AKI severity, as reflected by its significant correlation with the peak serum creatinine level, duration of hospital stay, and probably the need for temporary dialysis. Our result suggests that urinary mtDNA has the potential to serve as a biomarker of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Wing-Lam Ho
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Fai Pang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cathy Choi-Wan Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jack Kit-Chung Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai-Ming Chow
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bonnie Ching-Ha Kwan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Philip Kam-Tao Li
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheuk-Chun Szeto
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Dahuang Fuzi Decoction Attenuates Renal Fibrosis and Ameliorates Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:9536458. [PMID: 28421124 PMCID: PMC5379088 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9536458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. The effects of the traditional formula Dahuang Fuzi Decoction (DFD) on chronic aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) in mice and its underlying mechanisms were studied. Methods. Mice were randomly divided into the following six groups: the control group, the model group (AAN), the saline-treated group (AAN + vehicle), the normal dose DFD-treated group (AAN + NDFD), the high dose DFD-treated group (AAN + HDFD), and the rosiglitazone treated group (AAN + Rosi). After treating for 8 weeks, 24 h urine and blood samples were collected and the mice sacrificed to study the biochemical parameters associated with renal function. The samples were analyzed for renal fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction (MtD) markers. To achieve that, collagen III, collagen I, mitochondrial DNA copy numbers (mtDNA), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP content, and ROS production were evaluated. Results. Our results showed that proteinuria, kidney function, and the renal pathological characteristics were improved by DFD and rosiglitazone. The expression of collagen III and collagen I decreased after treating with either DFD or rosiglitazone. Mitochondrial dysfunction based on the increase in ROS production, decrease in mitochondrial DNA copy numbers, and reduction of MMP and ATP content was improved by DFD and rosiglitazone. Conclusions. DFD could protect against renal impairments and ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic AAN mice.
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232
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Mitochondrial Dysregulation Secondary to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease - UMOD (ADTKD-UMOD). Sci Rep 2017; 7:42970. [PMID: 28220896 PMCID: PMC5318959 DOI: 10.1038/srep42970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
‘Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease – UMOD’ (ADTKD-UMOD) is caused by impaired maturation and secretion of mutant uromodulin (UMOD) in thick ascending limb of Henle loop (TAL) cells, resulting in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). To gain insight into pathophysiology, we analysed proteome profiles of TAL-enriched outer renal medulla samples from ADTKD-UMOD and control mice by quantitative LC-MS/MS. In total, 212 differentially abundant proteins were identified. Numerous ER proteins, including BiP (HSPA5), phosphorylated eIF2α (EIF2S1), ATF4, ATF6 and CHOP (DDIT3), were increased abundant, consistent with UPR. The abundance of hypoxia-inducible proteins with stress survival functions, i.e. HYOU1, TXNDC5 and ERO1L, was also increased. TAL cells in ADTKD-UMOD showed a decreased proportion of mitochondria and reduced abundance of multiple mitochondrial proteins, associated with disturbed post-translational processing and activation of the mitochondrial transcription factor NRF1. Impaired fission of organelles, as suggested by reduced abundance of FIS1, may be another reason for disturbed biogenesis of mitochondria and peroxisomes. Reduced amounts of numerous proteins of the OXPHOS and citrate cycle pathways, and activation of the LKB1-AMPK-pathway, a sensor pathway of cellular energy deficits, suggest impaired energy homeostasis. In conclusion, our study revealed secondary mitochondrial dysfunction in ADTKD-UMOD.
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233
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Avocado oil induces long-term alleviation of oxidative damage in kidney mitochondria from type 2 diabetic rats by improving glutathione status. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2017; 49:205-214. [DOI: 10.1007/s10863-017-9697-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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234
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Li S, Zhao J, Huang R, Steiner T, Bourner M, Mitchell M, Thompson DC, Zhao B, Xia M. Development and Application of Human Renal Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells for Assessment of Compound Toxicity. Curr Chem Genom Transl Med 2017; 11:19-30. [PMID: 28401035 PMCID: PMC5362976 DOI: 10.2174/2213988501711010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney toxicity is a major problem both in drug development and clinical settings. It is difficult to predict nephrotoxicity in part because of the lack of appropriate in vitro cell models, limited endpoints, and the observation that the activity of membrane transporters which plays important roles in nephrotoxicity by affecting the pharmacokinetic profile of drugs is often not taken into account. We developed a new cell model using pseudo-immortalized human primary renal proximal tubule epithelial cells. This cell line (SA7K) was characterized by the presence of proximal tubule cell markers as well as several functional properties, including transporter activity and response to a few well-characterized nephrotoxicants. We subsequently evaluated a group of potential nephrotoxic compounds in SA7K cells and compared them to a commonly used human immortalized kidney cell line (HK-2). Cells were treated with test compounds and three endpoints were analyzed, including cell viability, apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential. The results showed that most of the known nephrotoxic compounds could be detected in one or more of these endpoints. There were sensitivity differences in response to several of the chemicals between HK-2 and SA7K cells, which may relate to differences in expressions of key transporters or other components of nephrotoxicity pathways. Our data suggest that SA7K cells appear as promising for the early detection of renal toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaizhang Li
- 9800 Medical Center Drive, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3375, USA
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- 9800 Medical Center Drive, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3375, USA
| | - Ruili Huang
- 9800 Medical Center Drive, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3375, USA
| | - Toni Steiner
- Sigma-Aldrich Corporation, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA
| | | | | | | | - Bin Zhao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10085, China
| | - Menghang Xia
- 9800 Medical Center Drive, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3375, USA
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235
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Liu H, Li W, He Q, Xue J, Wang J, Xiong C, Pu X, Nie Z. Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Kidney Tissue Sections of Rat Subjected to Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41954. [PMID: 28157191 PMCID: PMC5291210 DOI: 10.1038/srep41954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a serious threat to the quality of human life and health with an increasing incidence worldwide. Renal fibrosis is closely related to CKD and regarded as the final common pathophysiological pathway in most cases of end-stage renal diseases. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying renal fibrosis and developing novel therapeutic strategies are of great importance. Herein, matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) based on 1, 5-diaminonaphthalene hydrochloride was applied to the rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) to investigate metabolic changes during renal fibrosis. Among identified endogenous compounds, twenty-one metabolites involved in metabolic networks such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, ATP metabolism, fatty acids metabolism, antioxidants, and metal ions underwent relatively obvious changes after 1 and 3 weeks of UUO. Unique distribution of the metabolites was obtained, and metabolic changes of kidneys during renal fibrosis were investigated simultaneously for the first time. These findings once again highlighted the promising potential of the organic salt matrix for application in small molecule in situ MSI and in the field of biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wan Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qing He
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinjuan Xue
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Caiqiao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaoping Pu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Zongxiu Nie
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Beijing Center for Mass Spectrometry, Beijing 100190, China
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236
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Ravindran S, Murali J, Amirthalingam SK, Gopalakrishnan S, Kurian GA. Vascular calcification abrogates the nicorandil mediated cardio-protection in ischemia reperfusion injury of rat heart. Vascul Pharmacol 2017; 89:31-38. [PMID: 28087358 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to determine the efficacy of nicorandil in treating cardiac reperfusion injury with an underlying co-morbidity of vascular calcification (VC). Adenine diet was used to induce VC in Wistar rat and the heart was isolated to induce global ischemia reperfusion (IR) by Langendorff method, with and without the nicorandil (7.5mg/kg) pre-treatment and compared with those fed on normal diet. The adenine-treated rats displayed abnormal ECG changes and altered mitochondrial integrity compared to a normal rat heart. These hearts, when subjected to IR increased the infarct size, cardiac injury (measured by lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase activity in the coronary perfusate) and significantly altered the hemodynamics compared to the normal perfused heart. Nicorandil pretreatment in rat fed on normal diet enhanced the hemodynamics significantly (P<0.05) along with a substantial reduction in the mitochondrial dysfunction (measured by high ADP to oxygen consumption ratio, respiratory control ratio, enzyme activities and less swelling behavior) when subjected to IR. However, this cardio-protective effect of nicorandil was absent in rat heart with underlying calcification. Our results suggest that, the protective effect of nicorandil, a known mitochondrial ATP linked K+ channel opener, against myocardial reperfusion injury was confined to normal rat heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Ravindran
- Vascular Biology Lab, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Jeyashri Murali
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | | | | | - Gino A Kurian
- Vascular Biology Lab, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India.
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237
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Collier JB, Whitaker RM, Eblen ST, Schnellmann RG. Rapid Renal Regulation of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Coactivator-1α by Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 in Physiological and Pathological Conditions. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:26850-26859. [PMID: 27875304 PMCID: PMC5207191 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.754762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) directly inhibits mitochondrial function during cellular injury. We evaluated the role of ERK1/2 on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) gene, a master regulator of mitochondrial function. The potent and specific MEK1/2 inhibitor trametinib rapidly blocked ERK1/2 phosphorylation, decreased cytosolic and nuclear FOXO3a/1 phosphorylation, and increased PGC-1α gene expression and its downstream mitochondrial biogenesis (MB) targets under physiological conditions in the kidney cortex and in primary renal cell cultures. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor erlotinib blocked ERK1/2 phosphorylation and increased PGC-1α gene expression similar to treatment with trametinib, linking EGFR activation and FOXO3a/1 inactivation to the down-regulation of PGC-1α and MB through ERK1/2. Pretreatment with trametinib blocked early ERK1/2 phosphorylation following ischemia/reperfusion kidney injury and attenuated the down-regulation of PGC-1α and downstream target genes. These results demonstrate that ERK1/2 rapidly regulates mitochondrial function through a novel pathway, EGFR/ERK1/2/FOXO3a/1/PGC-1α, under physiological and pathological conditions. As such, ERK1/2 down-regulates mitochondrial function directly by phosphorylation of upstream regulators of PGC-1α and subsequently decreasing MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Collier
- From the Departments of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences and
| | - Ryan M Whitaker
- From the Departments of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences and
| | - Scott T Eblen
- Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425 and
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- From the Departments of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences and
- the Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
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238
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Zhao C, Chen Z, Xu X, An X, Duan S, Huang Z, Zhang C, Wu L, Zhang B, Zhang A, Xing C, Yuan Y. Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy play a protective role in cisplatin induced renal tubular epithelial cells injury. Exp Cell Res 2016; 350:390-397. [PMID: 28024839 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin often causes acute kidney injury (AKI) in the treatment of a wide variety of malignancies. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the main reasons for cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Previous study showed that Pink1 and Parkin play central roles in regulating the mitophagy, which is a key protective mechanism by specifically eliminating dysfunctional or damaged mitochondria. However, the mechanisms that modulate mitophagy in cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity remain to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pink1/Parkin pathway in mitophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction and renal proximal tubular cells injury during cisplatin treatment. In cultured human renal proximal tubular cells, we found that knockdown of Pink1/Parkin induced the aggravation of mitochondrial function, leading to the increase of cell injury through inhibition of mitophagy. Additionally, the overexpression of Pink1/Parkin protected against cisplatin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell injury by promoting mitophagy. Our results provide clear evidence that Pink1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy has identified potential targets for the treatment of cisplatin-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyan Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuyun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueqiang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofei An
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Suyan Duan
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhimin Huang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengning Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changying Xing
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yanggang Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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239
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Ng YS, Hardy SA, Shrier V, Quaghebeur G, Mole DR, Daniels MJ, Downes SM, Freebody J, Fratter C, Hofer M, Nemeth AH, Poulton J, Taylor RW. Clinical features of the pathogenic m.5540G>A mitochondrial transfer RNA tryptophan gene mutation. Neuromuscul Disord 2016; 26:702-705. [PMID: 27618137 PMCID: PMC5066368 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Longitudinal increase in mtDNA mutant load reflects worsening muscle histochemistry. De novo m.5540G>A mtDNA mutation adds to its credentials as a pathogenic mutation. Additional clinical findings are cataract, kidney disease and stroke.
Mitochondrial DNA disease is one of the most common groups of inherited neuromuscular disorders and frequently associated with marked phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity. We describe an adult patient who initially presented with childhood-onset ataxia without a family history and an unremarkable diagnostic muscle biopsy. Subsequent multi-system manifestations included basal ganglia calcification, proteinuria, cataract and retinitis pigmentosa, prompting a repeat muscle biopsy that showed features consistent with mitochondrial myopathy 13 years later. She had a stroke with restricted diffusion change in the basal ganglia and internal capsule at age 44 years. Molecular genetic testing identified a previously-reported pathogenic, heteroplasmic mutation in the mitochondrial-encoded transfer RNA tryptophan (MT-TW) gene which based on family studies was likely to have arisen de novo in our patient. Interestingly, we documented an increase in the mutant mtDNA heteroplasmy level in her second biopsy (72% compared to 56%), reflecting the progression of clinical disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shiau Ng
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Steven A Hardy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Venice Shrier
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Gerardine Quaghebeur
- Department of Neuroradiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - David R Mole
- Oxford Kidney Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Matthew J Daniels
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, BHF Oxbridge Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Jane Freebody
- Neurosciences Offices, Level 3 West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Carl Fratter
- Oxford Medical Genetics Laboratories, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Monika Hofer
- Neuropathology and Ocular Pathology Department, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrea H Nemeth
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Joanna Poulton
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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240
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Benigni A, Perico L, Macconi D. Mitochondrial Dynamics Is Linked to Longevity and Protects from End-Organ Injury: The Emerging Role of Sirtuin 3. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 25:185-99. [PMID: 26972664 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Mitochondrial integrity is instrumental in protecting against damage associated with aging and a variety of chronic disease conditions. Mitochondrial silent information regulator 3 (Sirt3) plays pivotal roles in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating different aspects of the organelle processes. RECENT ADVANCES Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that constantly fuse and divide to maintain normal cell function, and perturbation in mitochondrial dynamics is responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction. Improved knowledge of mitochondrial physiology has disclosed the pleiotropic role of Sirt3 in mitochondria and shows how alterations in protein expression and/or activity may have an important impact on aging-associated organ dysfunction. CRITICAL ISSUES This review describes updated experimental evidence on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction during aging and renal diseases and highlights the emerging role of Sirt3 as a crucial regulator of mitochondrial dynamics. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Strategies that activate Sirt3 may offer attractive therapies to achieve healthy longevity and preserve functional integrity of multiple organs. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 185-199.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariela Benigni
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Luca Perico
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Daniela Macconi
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
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241
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Svensson K, Schnyder S, Cardel B, Handschin C. Loss of Renal Tubular PGC-1α Exacerbates Diet-Induced Renal Steatosis and Age-Related Urinary Sodium Excretion in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158716. [PMID: 27463191 PMCID: PMC4963111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney has a high energy demand and is dependent on oxidative metabolism for ATP production. Accordingly, the kidney is rich in mitochondria, and mitochondrial dysfunction is a common denominator for several renal diseases. While the mitochondrial master regulator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) is highly expressed in kidney, its role in renal physiology is so far unclear. Here we show that PGC-1α is a transcriptional regulator of mitochondrial metabolic pathways in the kidney. Moreover, we demonstrate that mice with an inducible nephron-specific inactivation of PGC-1α in the kidney display elevated urinary sodium excretion, exacerbated renal steatosis during metabolic stress but normal blood pressure regulation. Overall, PGC-1α seems largely dispensable for basal renal physiology. However, the role of PGC-1α in renal mitochondrial biogenesis indicates that activation of PGC-1α in the context of renal disorders could be a valid therapeutic strategy to ameliorate renal mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer Svensson
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Svenia Schnyder
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Cardel
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Handschin
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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242
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Ng YS, Alston CL, Diodato D, Morris AA, Ulrick N, Kmoch S, Houštěk J, Martinelli D, Haghighi A, Atiq M, Gamero MA, Garcia-Martinez E, Kratochvílová H, Santra S, Brown RM, Brown GK, Ragge N, Monavari A, Pysden K, Ravn K, Casey JP, Khan A, Chakrapani A, Vassallo G, Simons C, McKeever K, O'Sullivan S, Childs AM, Østergaard E, Vanderver A, Goldstein A, Vogt J, Taylor RW, McFarland R. The clinical, biochemical and genetic features associated with RMND1-related mitochondrial disease. J Med Genet 2016; 53:768-775. [PMID: 27412952 PMCID: PMC5264221 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-103910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Mutations in the RMND1 (Required for Meiotic Nuclear Division protein 1) gene have recently been linked to infantile onset mitochondrial disease characterised by multiple mitochondrial respiratory chain defects. Methods We summarised the clinical, biochemical and molecular genetic investigation of an international cohort of affected individuals with RMND1 mutations. In addition, we reviewed all the previously published cases to determine the genotype–phenotype correlates and performed survival analysis to identify prognostic factors. Results We identified 14 new cases from 11 pedigrees that harbour recessive RMND1 mutations, including 6 novel variants: c.533C>A, p.(Thr178Lys); c.565C>T, p.(Gln189*); c.631G>A, p.(Val211Met); c.1303C>T, p.(Leu435Phe); c.830+1G>A and c.1317+1G>T. Together with all previously published cases (n=32), we show that congenital sensorineural deafness, hypotonia, developmental delay and lactic acidaemia are common clinical manifestations with disease onset under 2 years. Renal involvement is more prevalent than seizures (66% vs 44%). In addition, median survival time was longer in patients with renal involvement compared with those without renal disease (6 years vs 8 months, p=0.009). The neurological phenotype also appears milder in patients with renal involvement. Conclusions The clinical phenotypes and prognosis associated with RMND1 mutations are more heterogeneous than that were initially described. Regular monitoring of kidney function is imperative in the clinical practice in light of nephropathy being present in over 60% of cases. Furthermore, renal replacement therapy should be considered particularly in those patients with mild neurological manifestation as shown in our study that four recipients of kidney transplant demonstrate good clinical outcome to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shiau Ng
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Charlotte L Alston
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daria Diodato
- Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Children Research Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrew A Morris
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Nicole Ulrick
- Department of Neurology, George Washington University Medical School, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stanislav Kmoch
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Houštěk
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Diego Martinelli
- Division of Metabolism, Children Research Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mehnaz Atiq
- Department of Pediatrics, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Hana Kratochvílová
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Saikat Santra
- Department of Clinical Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ruth M Brown
- Oxford Medical Genetics Laboratories, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Garry K Brown
- Oxford Medical Genetics Laboratories, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola Ragge
- Clinical Genetics Unit, West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Ahmad Monavari
- National Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Temple Street Children's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karen Pysden
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Kirstine Ravn
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jillian P Casey
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Temple Street Children's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arif Khan
- Leicester Children's Hospital, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | - Anupam Chakrapani
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Grace Vassallo
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Cas Simons
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Karl McKeever
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, The Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK
| | - Siobhan O'Sullivan
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, The Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK
| | - Anne-Marie Childs
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Elsebet Østergaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adeline Vanderver
- Department of Neurology, George Washington University Medical School, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Amy Goldstein
- Division of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julie Vogt
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Centre for Rare Diseases and Personalised Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robert McFarland
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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243
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Pedraza-Chaverri J, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Osorio-Alonso H, Tapia E, Scholze A. New Pathogenic Concepts and Therapeutic Approaches to Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:6043601. [PMID: 27429711 PMCID: PMC4939360 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6043601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In chronic kidney disease inflammatory processes and stimulation of immune cells result in overproduction of free radicals. In combination with a reduced antioxidant capacity this causes oxidative stress. This review focuses on current pathogenic concepts of oxidative stress for the decline of kidney function and development of cardiovascular complications. We discuss the impact of mitochondrial alterations and dysfunction, a pathogenic role for hyperuricemia, and disturbances of vitamin D metabolism and signal transduction. Recent antioxidant therapy options including the use of vitamin D and pharmacologic therapies for hyperuricemia are discussed. Finally, we review some new therapy options in diabetic nephropathy including antidiabetic agents (noninsulin dependent), plant antioxidants, and food components as alternative antioxidant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura G. Sánchez-Lozada
- Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, INC Ignacio Chávez, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
- Department of Nephrology, INC Ignacio Chávez, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Horacio Osorio-Alonso
- Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, INC Ignacio Chávez, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
- Department of Nephrology, INC Ignacio Chávez, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, INC Ignacio Chávez, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
- Department of Nephrology, INC Ignacio Chávez, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Alexandra Scholze
- Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
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244
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Tuma Z, Kuncova J, Mares J, Grundmanova M, Matejovic M. Proteomic approaches to the study of renal mitochondria. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2016; 160:173-82. [DOI: 10.5507/bp.2016.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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245
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Transcriptomics: A Step behind the Comprehension of the Polygenic Influence on Oxidative Stress, Immune Deregulation, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:9290857. [PMID: 27419142 PMCID: PMC4932167 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9290857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing and global health problem with a great economic burden for healthcare system. Therefore to slow down the progression of this condition is a main objective in nephrology. It has been extensively reported that microinflammation, immune system deregulation, and oxidative stress contribute to CKD progression. Additionally, dialysis worsens this clinical condition because of the contact of blood with bioincompatible dialytic devices. Numerous studies have shown the close link between immune system impairment and CKD but most have been performed using classical biomolecular strategies. These methodologies are limited in their ability to discover new elements and enable measuring the simultaneous influence of multiple factors. The “omics” techniques could overcome these gaps. For example, transcriptomics has revealed that mitochondria and inflammasome have a role in pathogenesis of CKD and are pivotal elements in the cellular alterations leading to systemic complications. We believe that a larger employment of this technique, together with other “omics” methodologies, could help clinicians to obtain new pathogenetic insights, novel diagnostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. Finally, transcriptomics could allow clinicians to personalize therapeutic strategies according to individual genetic background (nutrigenomic and pharmacogenomic). In this review, we analyzed the available transcriptomic studies involving CKD patients.
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246
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Eirin A, Saad A, Tang H, Herrmann SM, Woollard JR, Lerman A, Textor SC, Lerman LO. Urinary Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Identifies Chronic Renal Injury in Hypertensive Patients. Hypertension 2016; 68:401-10. [PMID: 27324229 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.07849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial injury contributes to renal dysfunction in several models of renal disease, but its involvement in human hypertension remains unknown. Fragments of the mitochondrial genome released from dying cells are considered surrogate markers of mitochondrial injury. We hypothesized that hypertension would be associated with increased urine mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy numbers. We prospectively measured systemic and urinary copy number of the mtDNA genes cytochrome-c oxidase-3 and NADH dehydrogenase subunit-1 by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in essential (n=25) and renovascular (RVH, n=34) hypertensive patients and compared them with healthy volunteers (n=22). Urinary kidney injury molecule-1 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin served as indices of renal injury. Renal blood flow and oxygenation were assessed by multidetector computed tomography and blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging. Blood pressure, urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and kidney injury molecule-1 were similarly elevated in essential hypertension and RVH, and estimated glomerular filtration rate was lower in RVH versus healthy volunteers and essential hypertension. Renal blood flow was lower in RVH compared with essential hypertension. Urinary mtDNA copy number was higher in hypertension compared with healthy volunteers, directly correlated with urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule-1 and inversely with estimated glomerular filtration rate. In RVH, urinary mtDNA copy number correlated directly with intrarenal hypoxia. Furthermore, in an additional validation cohort, urinary mtDNA copy number was higher in RVH compared with healthy volunteers (n=10 each). The change in serum creatinine levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate 3 months after medical therapy without or with revascularization correlated with the change in urinary mtDNA. Therefore, elevated urinary mtDNA copy numbers in hypertensive patients correlated with markers of renal injury and dysfunction, implicating mitochondrial injury in kidney damage in human hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Eirin
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (A.E., A.S., H.T., S.M.H., J.R.W., S.C.T., L.O.L.) and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (A.L., L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ahmed Saad
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (A.E., A.S., H.T., S.M.H., J.R.W., S.C.T., L.O.L.) and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (A.L., L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Hui Tang
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (A.E., A.S., H.T., S.M.H., J.R.W., S.C.T., L.O.L.) and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (A.L., L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sandra M Herrmann
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (A.E., A.S., H.T., S.M.H., J.R.W., S.C.T., L.O.L.) and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (A.L., L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - John R Woollard
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (A.E., A.S., H.T., S.M.H., J.R.W., S.C.T., L.O.L.) and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (A.L., L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Amir Lerman
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (A.E., A.S., H.T., S.M.H., J.R.W., S.C.T., L.O.L.) and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (A.L., L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Stephen C Textor
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (A.E., A.S., H.T., S.M.H., J.R.W., S.C.T., L.O.L.) and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (A.L., L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (A.E., A.S., H.T., S.M.H., J.R.W., S.C.T., L.O.L.) and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (A.L., L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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Liu X, Wu J, Wang J, Fan J, Feng X, Yu X, Yang X. Possible role of mitochondrial injury in Caulis Aristolochia manshuriensis-induced chronic aristolochic acid nephropathy. Drug Chem Toxicol 2016; 40:115-124. [PMID: 27250112 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2016.1188303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) are the primary target of aristolochic acids and especially vulnerable to mitochondrial injury from insults of toxic xenobiotics. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the possible role of mitochondrial injury in Caulis Aristolochia manshuriensis (CAM)-induced aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN). MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged with CAM extract every other week for 1, 4, 8 and 12 weeks, respectively. RESULTS The rats in the model group showed chronic AAN as evidenced by worsening kidney function evaluated by blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and proteinuria levels, and severe tubulointerstitial injury marked by massive tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis in kidney tissues. Moreover, overt apoptosis and impaired regeneration of PTECs were observed in AAN rats. Furthermore, the study revealed that mitochondria in PTECs were fragmented into small, punctuate suborganelles in AAN rats. Two mitochondrial respiratory chain proteins, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit І (COX-І) and nuclear DNA-encoded nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (ubiquinone)-1β subcomplex 8 (NDUFβ8), were both down-regulated after one week of CAM treatment. However, with AAN progression, NDUFβ8 level restored, while COX-І level maintained low. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, was significantly down-regulated at week 4 and week 8, but significantly up-regulated at week 12. In addition, mtDNA copy number reduced markedly along with AAN progression. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION A rat model of chronic AAN was successfully reproduced by gavage with CAM extract. Dynamic changes of mitochondrial injury induced by CAM might contribute to the AAN progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Liu
- a Department of Nephrology , The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China.,b Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health and Guangdong Province , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China , and.,c Department of Nephrology , Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Shenzhen , Guangdong , China
| | - Juan Wu
- a Department of Nephrology , The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China.,b Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health and Guangdong Province , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China , and
| | - Juan Wang
- a Department of Nephrology , The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China.,b Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health and Guangdong Province , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China , and
| | - Jinjin Fan
- a Department of Nephrology , The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China.,b Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health and Guangdong Province , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China , and
| | - Xiaoran Feng
- a Department of Nephrology , The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China.,b Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health and Guangdong Province , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China , and
| | - Xueqing Yu
- a Department of Nephrology , The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China.,b Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health and Guangdong Province , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China , and
| | - Xiao Yang
- a Department of Nephrology , The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China.,b Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health and Guangdong Province , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China , and
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Autophagy, Innate Immunity and Tissue Repair in Acute Kidney Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050662. [PMID: 27153058 PMCID: PMC4881488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney is a vital organ with high energy demands to actively maintain plasma hemodynamics, electrolytes and water homeostasis. Among the nephron segments, the renal tubular epithelium is endowed with high mitochondria density for their function in active transport. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important clinical syndrome and a global public health issue with high mortality rate and socioeconomic burden due to lack of effective therapy. AKI results in acute cell death and necrosis of renal tubule epithelial cells accompanied with leakage of tubular fluid and inflammation. The inflammatory immune response triggered by the tubular cell death, mitochondrial damage, associative oxidative stress, and the release of many tissue damage factors have been identified as key elements driving the pathophysiology of AKI. Autophagy, the cellular mechanism that removes damaged organelles via lysosome-mediated degradation, had been proposed to be renoprotective. An in-depth understanding of the intricate interplay between autophagy and innate immune response, and their roles in AKI pathology could lead to novel therapies in AKI. This review addresses the current pathophysiology of AKI in aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction, innate immunity, and molecular mechanisms of autophagy. Recent advances in renal tissue regeneration and potential therapeutic interventions are also discussed.
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249
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Emma F, Montini G, Parikh SM, Salviati L. Mitochondrial dysfunction in inherited renal disease and acute kidney injury. Nat Rev Nephrol 2016; 12:267-80. [PMID: 26804019 PMCID: PMC5469549 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2015.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are increasingly recognized as key players in genetic and acquired renal diseases. Most mitochondrial cytopathies that cause renal symptoms are characterized by tubular defects, but glomerular, tubulointerstitial and cystic diseases have also been described. For example, defects in coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) biosynthesis and the mitochondrial DNA 3243 A>G mutation are important causes of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in children and in adults, respectively. Although they sometimes present with isolated renal findings, mitochondrial diseases are frequently associated with symptoms related to central nervous system and neuromuscular involvement. They can result from mutations in nuclear genes that are inherited according to classic Mendelian rules or from mutations in mitochondrial DNA, which are transmitted according to more complex rules of mitochondrial genetics. Diagnosis of mitochondrial disorders involves clinical characterization of patients in combination with biochemical and genetic analyses. In particular, prompt diagnosis of CoQ10 biosynthesis defects is imperative because of their potentially reversible nature. In acute kidney injury (AKI), mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the physiopathology of tissue injury, whereas mitochondrial biogenesis has an important role in the recovery of renal function. Potential therapies that target mitochondrial dysfunction or promote mitochondrial regeneration are being developed to limit renal damage during AKI and promote repair of injured tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Emma
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù-IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Montini
- Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via della Commenda 9, Milano, Italy
| | - Samir M Parikh
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padova, Italy
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250
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Giam B, Kaye DM, Rajapakse NW. Role of Renal Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of the Cardiorenal Syndrome. Heart Lung Circ 2016; 25:874-80. [PMID: 27132623 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Renal dysfunction and heart failure commonly co-exist; it is termed the cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). This combination of renal and cardiac impairment presents a substantial clinical challenge and is associated with adverse prognosis. The pathogenesis of the CRS is complex, including chronic activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and the sympathetic nervous system, together with reduced renal perfusion. Chronic activation of the RAAS can impair mitochondrial function, and increase mitochondrial derived oxidative stress which in turn can lead to renal injury and sodium and water retention. For example, it has been shown that exogenous Ang II augments renal mitochondrial oxidative stress, reduces GFR and induces albuminuria in rats with heart failure. Administration of Ang II also augmented renal mitochondrial dysfunction in aged mice. Current treatments for CRS, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, exert limited renal protection if any at all. Therefore, novel treatments particularly those that can target renal mechanisms downstream to chronic activation of the renal renin-angiotensin system are likely to exert renoprotection in the setting of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly Giam
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia; Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
| | - David M Kaye
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Niwanthi W Rajapakse
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia; Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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