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Haghighi A, Alvandi Z, Nilipour Y, Haghighi A, Kornreich R, Nafissi S, Desnick RJ. Nemaline myopathy: reclassification of previously reported variants according to ACMG guidelines, and report of novel genetic variants. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:1237-1250. [PMID: 37460656 PMCID: PMC10620380 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01378-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nemaline myopathy (NM) is a heterogeneous genetic neuromuscular disorder characterized by rod bodies in muscle fibers resulting in multiple complications due to muscle weakness. NM patients and their families could benefit from genetic analysis for early diagnosis, carrier and prenatal testing; however, clinical classification of variants is subject to change as further information becomes available. Reclassification can significantly alter the clinical management of patients and their families. We used the newly published data and ACMG/AMP guidelines to reassess NM-associated variants previously reported by clinical laboratories (ClinVar). Our analyses on rare variants that were not canonical loss-of-function (LOF) resulted in the downgrading of ~29% (28/97) of variants from pathogenic or likely-pathogenic (P/LP) to variants of uncertain significance (VUS). In addition, we analyzed the splicing effect of variants identified in NM patients by clinical laboratories or research, using an accurate in silico prediction tool that applies a deep-learning network. We identified 55 rare variants that may impact splicing (cryptic splicing). We also analyzed six new NM families and identified eight variants in NEB and ACTA1, including three novel variants: homozygous pathogenic c.164A > G (p.Tyr55Cys), and homozygous likely pathogenic c.980T > C (p.Met327Thr) in ACTA1, and heterozygous VUS c.18694-3T > G in NEB. This study demonstrates the importance of reclassifying variants to facilitate more definitive "calls" on causality or no causality in clinical genetic testing of patients with NM. Reclassification of ~150 variants is now available for improved clinical management, risk counseling and screening of NM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Haghighi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Zahra Alvandi
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yalda Nilipour
- Pediatric Pathology Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, and Mofid Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Haghighi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ruth Kornreich
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shahriar Nafissi
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Robert J Desnick
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Koch EM, Du J, Dressner M, Alwasti HE, Al Taif Z, Shehab F, Mohamed AM, Ghanem A, Alhajeri A, Alawadhi A, Almoamen N, Ashoor K, Hasan S, Haghighi A, Sunyaev S, Farhat M. Demographic and Viral-Genetic Analyses of COVID-19 Severity in Bahrain Identify Local Risk Factors and a Protective Effect of Polymerase Mutations. medRxiv 2023:2022.08.13.22278740. [PMID: 36032980 PMCID: PMC9413726 DOI: 10.1101/2022.08.13.22278740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A multitude of demographic, health, and genetic factors are associated with the risk of developing severe COVID-19 following infection by the SARS-CoV-2. There is a need to perform studies across human societies and to investigate the full spectrum of genetic variation of the virus. Using data from 869 COVID-19 patients in Bahrain between March 2020 and March 2021, we analyzed paired viral sequencing and non-genetic host data to understand host and viral determinants of severe COVID-19. We estimated the effects of demographic variables specific to the Bahrain population and found that the impact of health factors are largely consistent with other populations. To extend beyond the common variants of concern in the Spike protein analyzed by previous studies, we used a viral burden approach and detected a protective effect of low-frequency missense viral mutations in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (Pol) gene on disease severity. Our results contribute to the survey of severe COVID-19 in diverse populations and highlight the benefits of studying rare viral mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan M. Koch
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School
| | | | | | | | - Zahra Al Taif
- Public Health Laboratories, Public Health Directorate, Bahrain Ministry of Health
| | - Fatima Shehab
- Public Health Laboratories, Public Health Directorate, Bahrain Ministry of Health
| | - Afaf Merza Mohamed
- Public Health Laboratories, Public Health Directorate, Bahrain Ministry of Health
| | - Amjad Ghanem
- Public Health Laboratories, Public Health Directorate, Bahrain Ministry of Health
| | - Amani Alhajeri
- Genetic Department, Government Hospitals, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Amna Alawadhi
- Genetic Department, Government Hospitals, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Nabeel Almoamen
- Genetic Department, Government Hospitals, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Khulood Ashoor
- Genetic Department, Government Hospitals, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Sara Hasan
- Genetic Department, Government Hospitals, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
| | - Shamil Sunyaev
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
| | - Maha Farhat
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital
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Sweis NWG, Zayed AA, Jaberi MA, AlQirem L, Hyasat TB, Khraisat FA, Maaita W, Naser AM, Nimer A, Qatamin M, Sweis JJG, Sweis N, Al-Ani AT, Alghrabli AM, Haghighi A. Geographic variation in the association between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Papillary thyroid carcinoma, a meta-analysis. Endocrine 2023; 81:432-449. [PMID: 37129757 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The association between papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) remains a matter of debate. Several genetic and environmental factors have been found to influence this association. Because of the variation in these factors among different populations, we conducted a country- and region-based meta-analysis to examine whether the geographic area influences this association. METHODS We searched PubMed and Web of Science databases for original articles that investigated the association between HT and PTC from February 1955 to February 28, 2023. The included studies were stratified according to their country and region of origin. Various subgroup analyses were conducted. The primary outcome was the pooled relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) for each region and country. RESULTS Forty-six studies including a total of 93,970 participants met our inclusion criteria. They originated from 16 countries distributed in five regions. Significant variation was found among countries but not among regions. Upon analysis of all 46 included studies, countries were classified based on their RR and its 95% CI. Excluding countries with pooled sample sizes <500, Sri Lanka (RR 4.23, 95% CI 2.91-6.14), Poland (RR 3.16, 95% CI 2.79-3.57) and Japan (2.68, 2.14-3.36) showed the strongest association between HT and PTC while Greece (RR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.13), Spain (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.23-2.11), and Jordan (0.62, 0.32-1.32) showed no significant association. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed a variation in the association between HT and PTC among countries but not among regions. The country-to-country variation could be due to certain genetic and/or environmental factors subject to geographic variation that influence this association. These findings may help guide health policies aiming to mitigate the risk of PTC in the HT population by helping identify high-risk and low-risk countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil W G Sweis
- The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Ayman A Zayed
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
| | - Mira Al Jaberi
- The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Lina AlQirem
- The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | | | - Farah A Khraisat
- The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Ward Maaita
- The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Moayad Naser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Abdullah Nimer
- The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Mamoon Qatamin
- The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Jaleel J G Sweis
- The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Nadia Sweis
- The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Abdallah T Al-Ani
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, 11941, Jordan
| | - Ahmad M Alghrabli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Jang MY, Patel PN, Pereira AC, Willcox JA, Haghighi A, Tai AC, Ito K, Morton SU, Gorham JM, McKean DM, DePalma SR, Bernstein D, Brueckner M, Chung WK, Giardini A, Goldmuntz E, Kaltman JR, Kim R, Newburger JW, Shen Y, Srivastava D, Tristani-Firouzi M, Gelb BD, Porter GA, Seidman CE, Seidman JG. Contribution of Previously Unrecognized RNA Splice-Altering Variants to Congenital Heart Disease. Circ Genom Precis Med 2023; 16:224-231. [PMID: 37165897 PMCID: PMC10404383 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.122.003924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Known genetic causes of congenital heart disease (CHD) explain <40% of CHD cases, and interpreting the clinical significance of variants with uncertain functional impact remains challenging. We aim to improve diagnostic classification of variants in patients with CHD by assessing the impact of noncanonical splice region variants on RNA splicing. METHODS We tested de novo variants from trio studies of 2649 CHD probands and their parents, as well as rare (allele frequency, <2×10-6) variants from 4472 CHD probands in the Pediatric Cardiac Genetics Consortium through a combined computational and in vitro approach. RESULTS We identified 53 de novo and 74 rare variants in CHD cases that alter splicing and thus are loss of function. Of these, 77 variants are in known dominant, recessive, and candidate CHD genes, including KMT2D and RBFOX2. In 1 case, we confirmed the variant's predicted impact on RNA splicing in RNA transcripts from the proband's cardiac tissue. Two probands were found to have 2 loss-of-function variants for recessive CHD genes HECTD1 and DYNC2H1. In addition, SpliceAI-a predictive algorithm for altered RNA splicing-has a positive predictive value of ≈93% in our cohort. CONCLUSIONS Through assessment of RNA splicing, we identified a new loss-of-function variant within a CHD gene in 78 probands, of whom 69 (1.5%; n=4472) did not have a previously established genetic explanation for CHD. Identification of splice-altering variants improves diagnostic classification and genetic diagnoses for CHD. REGISTRATION URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01196182.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Jang
- Departments of Genetics (M.Y.J., P.N.P., A.C.P., J.A.L.W., A.H., A.C.T., S.U.M., J.M.G., D.M.M., S.R.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine (M.Y.J., A.H.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Parth N. Patel
- Departments of Genetics (M.Y.J., P.N.P., A.C.P., J.A.L.W., A.H., A.C.T., S.U.M., J.M.G., D.M.M., S.R.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (P.N.P.)
| | - Alexandre C. Pereira
- Departments of Genetics (M.Y.J., P.N.P., A.C.P., J.A.L.W., A.H., A.C.T., S.U.M., J.M.G., D.M.M., S.R.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jon A.L. Willcox
- Departments of Genetics (M.Y.J., P.N.P., A.C.P., J.A.L.W., A.H., A.C.T., S.U.M., J.M.G., D.M.M., S.R.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Departments of Genetics (M.Y.J., P.N.P., A.C.P., J.A.L.W., A.H., A.C.T., S.U.M., J.M.G., D.M.M., S.R.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine (M.Y.J., A.H.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Angela C. Tai
- Departments of Genetics (M.Y.J., P.N.P., A.C.P., J.A.L.W., A.H., A.C.T., S.U.M., J.M.G., D.M.M., S.R.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kaoru Ito
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan (K.I.)
| | - Sarah U. Morton
- Departments of Genetics (M.Y.J., P.N.P., A.C.P., J.A.L.W., A.H., A.C.T., S.U.M., J.M.G., D.M.M., S.R.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Pediatrics (S.U.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Joshua M. Gorham
- Departments of Genetics (M.Y.J., P.N.P., A.C.P., J.A.L.W., A.H., A.C.T., S.U.M., J.M.G., D.M.M., S.R.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - David M. McKean
- Departments of Genetics (M.Y.J., P.N.P., A.C.P., J.A.L.W., A.H., A.C.T., S.U.M., J.M.G., D.M.M., S.R.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Steven R. DePalma
- Departments of Genetics (M.Y.J., P.N.P., A.C.P., J.A.L.W., A.H., A.C.T., S.U.M., J.M.G., D.M.M., S.R.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Cardiology (S.R.D., C.E.S.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel Bernstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA (D.B.)
| | - Martina Brueckner
- Departments of Genetics (M.B.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Pediatric Cardiology (M.B.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics (W.K.C.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
- Medicine (W.K.C.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Alessandro Giardini
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom (A.G.)
| | - Elizabeth Goldmuntz
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (E.G.)
| | - Jonathan R. Kaltman
- Heart Development and Structural Diseases Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.R.K.)
| | - Richard Kim
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (R.K.)
| | - Jane W. Newburger
- Department of Cardiology (J.W.N.), Boston Children’s Hospital, MA
- Department of Cardiology (J.W.N.), Boston Children’s Hospital, MA
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Systems Biology (Y.S.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
- Biomedical Informatics (Y.S.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Deepak Srivastava
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA (D.S.)
| | - Martin Tristani-Firouzi
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (M.T.-F.)
| | - Bruce D. Gelb
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute (B.D.G.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
- Department of Pediatrics (B.D.G.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
- Department of Genetics (B.D.G.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
- Department of Genomic Sciences (B.D. co-occurrence G.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
| | - George A. Porter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (G.A.P.)
| | - Christine E. Seidman
- Departments of Genetics (M.Y.J., P.N.P., A.C.P., J.A.L.W., A.H., A.C.T., S.U.M., J.M.G., D.M.M., S.R.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Cardiology (S.R.D., C.E.S.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Jonathan G. Seidman
- Departments of Genetics (M.Y.J., P.N.P., A.C.P., J.A.L.W., A.H., A.C.T., S.U.M., J.M.G., D.M.M., S.R.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Brownstein CA, Douard E, Haynes RL, Koh HY, Haghighi A, Keywan C, Martin B, Alexandrescu S, Haas EA, Vargas SO, Wojcik MH, Jacquemont S, Poduri AH, Goldstein RD, Holm IA. Copy Number Variation and Structural Genomic Findings in 116 Cases of Sudden Unexplained Death between 1 and 28 Months of Age. Adv Genet (Hoboken) 2023; 4:2200012. [PMID: 36910592 PMCID: PMC10000288 DOI: 10.1002/ggn2.202200012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In sudden unexplained death in pediatrics (SUDP) the cause of death is unknown despite an autopsy and investigation. The role of copy number variations (CNVs) in SUDP has not been well-studied. Chromosomal microarray (CMA) data are generated for 116 SUDP cases with age at death between 1 and 28 months. CNVs are classified using the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines and CNVs in our cohort are compared to an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) cohort, and to a control cohort. Pathogenic CNVs are identified in 5 of 116 cases (4.3%). Variants of uncertain significance (VUS) favoring pathogenic CNVs are identified in 9 cases (7.8%). Several CNVs are associated with neurodevelopmental phenotypes including seizures, ASD, developmental delay, and schizophrenia. The structural variant 47,XXY is identified in two cases (2/69 boys, 2.9%) not previously diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. Pathogenicity scores for deletions are significantly elevated in the SUDP cohort versus controls (p = 0.007) and are not significantly different from the ASD cohort. The finding of pathogenic or VUS favoring pathogenic CNVs, or structural variants, in 12.1% of cases, combined with the observation of higher pathogenicity scores for deletions in SUDP versus controls, suggests that CMA should be included in the genetic evaluation of SUDP.
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Haghighi A, Shahanipour K, Monajemi R, Yazdanpanahi N, Fouladgar M. Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Effect of Thymol Loaded Chitosan Coated Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles on MDA-MB-231 Cell Line and Expression of Autophagic MAP1LC3A Gene. Russ J Bioorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162023010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Koh HY, Haghighi A, Keywan C, Alexandrescu S, Plews-Ogan E, Haas EA, Brownstein CA, Vargas SO, Haynes RL, Berry GT, Holm IA, Poduri AH, Goldstein RD. Genetic Determinants of Sudden Unexpected Death in Pediatrics. Genet Med 2022; 24:839-850. [PMID: 35027292 PMCID: PMC9164313 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate genetic contributions to sudden unexpected death in pediatrics (SUDP). METHODS We phenotyped and performed exome sequencing for 352 SUDP cases. We analyzed variants in 294 "SUDP genes" with mechanisms plausibly related to sudden death. In a subset of 73 cases with parental data (trios), we performed exome-wide analyses and conducted cohort-wide burden analyses. RESULTS In total, we identified likely contributory variants in 37 of 352 probands (11%). Analysis of SUDP genes identified pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in 12 of 352 cases (SCN1A, DEPDC5 [2], GABRG2, SCN5A [2], TTN [2], MYBPC3, PLN, TNNI3, and PDHA1) and variants of unknown significance-favor-pathogenic in 17 of 352 cases. Exome-wide analyses of the 73 cases with family data additionally identified 4 de novo pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants (SCN1A [2], ANKRD1, and BRPF1) and 4 de novo variants of unknown significance-favor-pathogenic. Comparing cases with controls, we demonstrated an excess burden of rare damaging SUDP gene variants (odds ratio, 2.94; 95% confidence interval, 2.37-4.21) and of exome-wide de novo variants in the subset of 73 with trio data (odds ratio, 3.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.91-5.16). CONCLUSION We provide strong evidence for a role of genetic factors in SUDP, involving both candidate genes and novel genes for SUDP and expanding phenotypes of disease genes not previously associated with sudden death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Yong Koh
- Robert's Program for Sudden Unexpected Death in Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Epilepsy Genetics Program, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics and Manton Center for Orphan Diseases Research, Boston Children's Hospital, MA
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Christine Keywan
- Robert's Program for Sudden Unexpected Death in Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Sanda Alexandrescu
- Robert's Program for Sudden Unexpected Death in Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Erin Plews-Ogan
- Robert's Program for Sudden Unexpected Death in Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Elisabeth A Haas
- Department of Research, Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Catherine A Brownstein
- Robert's Program for Sudden Unexpected Death in Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics and Manton Center for Orphan Diseases Research, Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sara O Vargas
- Robert's Program for Sudden Unexpected Death in Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Robin L Haynes
- Departments of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gerard T Berry
- Robert's Program for Sudden Unexpected Death in Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics and Manton Center for Orphan Diseases Research, Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ingrid A Holm
- Robert's Program for Sudden Unexpected Death in Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics and Manton Center for Orphan Diseases Research, Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Annapurna H Poduri
- Robert's Program for Sudden Unexpected Death in Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Epilepsy Genetics Program, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Richard D Goldstein
- Robert's Program for Sudden Unexpected Death in Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
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Patel PN, Ito K, Willcox JAL, Haghighi A, Jang MY, Gorham JM, DePalma SR, Lam L, McDonough B, Johnson R, Lakdawala NK, Roberts A, Barton PJR, Cook SA, Fatkin D, Seidman CE, Seidman JG. Contribution of Noncanonical Splice Variants to TTN Truncating Variant Cardiomyopathy. Circ Genom Precis Med 2021; 14:e003389. [PMID: 34461741 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.121.003389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterozygous TTN truncating variants cause 10% to 20% of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Although variants which disrupt canonical splice signals (ie, invariant dinucleotide of the splice donor site, invariant dinucleotide of the splice acceptor site) at exon-intron junctions are readily recognized as TTN truncating variants, the effects of other nearby sequence variations on splicing and their contribution to disease is uncertain. METHODS Rare variants of unknown significance located in the splice regions of highly expressed TTN exons from 203 DCM cases, 3329 normal subjects, and clinical variant databases were identified. The effects of these variants on splicing were assessed using an in vitro splice assay. RESULTS Splice-altering variants of unknown significance were enriched in DCM cases over controls and present in 2% of DCM patients (P=0.002). Application of this method to clinical variant databases demonstrated 20% of similar variants of unknown significance in TTN splice regions affect splicing. Noncanonical splice-altering variants were most frequently located at position +5 of the donor site (P=4.4×107) and position -3 of the acceptor site (P=0.002). SpliceAI, an emerging in silico prediction tool, had a high positive predictive value (86%-95%) but poor sensitivity (15%-50%) for the detection of splice-altering variants. Alternate exons spliced out of most TTN transcripts frequently lacked the consensus base at +5 donor and -3 acceptor positions. CONCLUSIONS Noncanonical splice-altering variants in TTN explain 1-2% of DCM and offer a 10-20% increase in the diagnostic power of TTN sequencing in this disease. These data suggest rules that may improve efforts to detect splice-altering variants in other genes and may explain the low percent splicing observed for many alternate TTN exons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth N Patel
- Department of Genetics (P.N.P., K.I., J.A.L.W., A.H., M.Y.J., J.M.G., S.R.D., L.L., B.M., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (P.N.P., A.H., M.Y.J.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kaoru Ito
- Department of Genetics (P.N.P., K.I., J.A.L.W., A.H., M.Y.J., J.M.G., S.R.D., L.L., B.M., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genomics and Informatics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan (K.I.)
| | - Jon A L Willcox
- Department of Genetics (P.N.P., K.I., J.A.L.W., A.H., M.Y.J., J.M.G., S.R.D., L.L., B.M., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Department of Genetics (P.N.P., K.I., J.A.L.W., A.H., M.Y.J., J.M.G., S.R.D., L.L., B.M., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (P.N.P., A.H., M.Y.J.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA (A.H.)
| | - Min Young Jang
- Department of Genetics (P.N.P., K.I., J.A.L.W., A.H., M.Y.J., J.M.G., S.R.D., L.L., B.M., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (P.N.P., A.H., M.Y.J.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Joshua M Gorham
- Department of Genetics (P.N.P., K.I., J.A.L.W., A.H., M.Y.J., J.M.G., S.R.D., L.L., B.M., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Steven R DePalma
- Department of Genetics (P.N.P., K.I., J.A.L.W., A.H., M.Y.J., J.M.G., S.R.D., L.L., B.M., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lien Lam
- Department of Genetics (P.N.P., K.I., J.A.L.W., A.H., M.Y.J., J.M.G., S.R.D., L.L., B.M., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Barbara McDonough
- Department of Genetics (P.N.P., K.I., J.A.L.W., A.H., M.Y.J., J.M.G., S.R.D., L.L., B.M., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Renee Johnson
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst (R.J., D.F.).,Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia (R.J., D.F.)
| | - Neal K Lakdawala
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (N.K.L., C.E.S.)
| | - Amy Roberts
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.R.)
| | - Paul J R Barton
- National Heart and Lung Institute (P.J.R.B., S.A.C.).,Cardiovascular Research Centre, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, United Kingdom (P.J.R.B.)
| | - Stuart A Cook
- National Heart and Lung Institute (P.J.R.B., S.A.C.).,MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London (S.A.C.).,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School (S.A.C.).,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore (S.A.C.)
| | - Diane Fatkin
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst (R.J., D.F.).,Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia (R.J., D.F.).,Cardiology Department, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia (D.F.)
| | - Christine E Seidman
- Department of Genetics (P.N.P., K.I., J.A.L.W., A.H., M.Y.J., J.M.G., S.R.D., L.L., B.M., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute (C.E.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (N.K.L., C.E.S.)
| | - J G Seidman
- Department of Genetics (P.N.P., K.I., J.A.L.W., A.H., M.Y.J., J.M.G., S.R.D., L.L., B.M., C.E.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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9
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Zayed AA, Amarin JZ, Al-Ani AT, Altell TL, Abdelhamid SS, Qirem MM, Fahmawi SM, Elshebli SM, Hamo KM, Zaghlol LY, Tierney ME, Zayed JA, Haghighi A. Association of Parental Consanguinity With Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case-Control Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e2769-e2774. [PMID: 33585882 PMCID: PMC8208659 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma. Uncommonly, PTC is associated with multiple genetic alterations and chromosomal abnormalities and displays familial patterns of inheritance. Parental consanguinity increases susceptibility to many genetic disorders. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to investigate the association of parental consanguinity with PTC. METHODS This case-control study of PTC patients compared with healthy controls took place in a tertiary referral hospital. We recruited 200 PTC patients who were managed at the endocrinology outpatient clinics of the Jordan University Hospital, and we recruited 515 healthy controls from a nonclinical setting. We interviewed all participants and collected sociodemographic data. We reviewed the family pedigrees of each participant four generations back and excluded any participant who was related. We established whether the parents of each participant were first cousins, first cousins once removed, second cousins, or unrelated. We then used binary logistic regression to assess the association of parental consanguinity with PTC adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, body mass index, and parental education. RESULTS We recruited 715 participants. The numbers of PTC patients and healthy controls were 200 (28.0%) and 515 (72.0%), respectively. The rate of parental consanguinity was 25.5% in PTC patients and 12.2% in healthy controls. Parental consanguinity was significantly associated with PTC (adjusted odds ratio, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.63-4.17; P < .001). CONCLUSION Parental consanguinity is a risk factor for PTC. Our findings should be considered during familial risk assessment and genetic counseling, especially in populations with high rates of consanguinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman A Zayed
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | | | | | - Tareq L Altell
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Murad M Qirem
- The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | | | | | - Khair M Hamo
- The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | | | | | - Jana A Zayed
- The University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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10
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Goli R, Li J, Brandimarto J, Levine LD, Riis V, McAfee Q, DePalma S, Haghighi A, Seidman JG, Seidman CE, Jacoby D, Macones G, Judge DP, Rana S, Margulies KB, Cappola TP, Alharethi R, Damp J, Hsich E, Elkayam U, Sheppard R, Alexis JD, Boehmer J, Kamiya C, Gustafsson F, Damm P, Ersbøll AS, Goland S, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, McNamara DM, Arany Z. Genetic and Phenotypic Landscape of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2021; 143:1852-1862. [PMID: 33874732 PMCID: PMC8113098 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.052395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) occurs in ≈1:2000 deliveries in the United States and worldwide. The genetic underpinnings of PPCM remain poorly defined. Approximately 10% of women with PPCM harbor truncating variants in TTN (TTNtvs). Whether mutations in other genes can predispose to PPCM is not known. It is also not known if the presence of TTNtvs predicts clinical presentation or outcomes. Nor is it known if the prevalence of TTNtvs differs in women with PPCM and preeclampsia, the strongest risk factor for PPCM. METHODS Women with PPCM were retrospectively identified from several US and international academic centers, and clinical information and DNA samples were acquired. Next-generation sequencing was performed on 67 genes, including TTN, and evaluated for burden of truncating and missense variants. The impact of TTNtvs on the severity of clinical presentation, and on clinical outcomes, was evaluated. RESULTS Four hundred sixty-nine women met inclusion criteria. Of the women with PPCM, 10.4% bore TTNtvs (odds ratio=9.4 compared with 1.2% in the reference population; Bonferroni-corrected P [P*]=1.2×10-46). We additionally identified overrepresentation of truncating variants in FLNC (odds ratio=24.8, P*=7.0×10-8), DSP (odds ratio=14.9, P*=1.0×10-8), and BAG3 (odds ratio=53.1, P*=0.02), genes not previously associated with PPCM. This profile is highly similar to that found in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Women with TTNtvs had lower left ventricular ejection fraction on presentation than did women without TTNtvs (23.5% versus 29%, P=2.5×10-4), but did not differ significantly in timing of presentation after delivery, in prevalence of preeclampsia, or in rates of clinical recovery. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first extensive genetic and phenotypic landscape of PPCM and demonstrates that predisposition to heart failure is an important risk factor for PPCM. The work reveals a degree of genetic similarity between PPCM and dilated cardiomyopathy, suggesting that gene-specific therapeutic approaches being developed for dilated cardiomyopathy may also apply to PPCM, and that approaches to genetic testing in PPCM should mirror those taken in dilated cardiomyopathy. Last, the clarification of genotype/phenotype associations has important implications for genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Goli
- Cardiovascular Institute, and Penn Muscle Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jian Li
- Cardiovascular Institute, and Penn Muscle Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jeff Brandimarto
- Cardiovascular Institute, and Penn Muscle Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lisa D. Levine
- Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Valerie Riis
- Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Quentin McAfee
- Cardiovascular Institute, and Penn Muscle Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Steven DePalma
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - J. G. Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Christine E. Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - Daniel Jacoby
- Yale School of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - George Macones
- Department of Women’s Health, Dell Medical School- University of Texas Austin, Austin, TX
| | | | - Sarosh Rana
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Kenneth B. Margulies
- Cardiovascular Institute, and Penn Muscle Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Thomas P. Cappola
- Cardiovascular Institute, and Penn Muscle Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Julie Damp
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Eileen Hsich
- Heart and Vascular Institute at the Cleveland Clinic and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Uri Elkayam
- University of Southern California, Keck school of medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Jeffrey D. Alexis
- Division of Cardiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
| | - John Boehmer
- Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
| | - Chizuko Kamiya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Finn Gustafsson
- Departments of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Damm
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne S. Ersbøll
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sorel Goland
- Department of Cardiology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner
- Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, and Phillips University Marburg, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Zolt Arany
- Cardiovascular Institute, and Penn Muscle Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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11
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LANKTREE M, Guiard E, Akbari P, Pourafkari M, Iliuta I, Ahmed S, Haghighi A, He N, Song X, Paterson A, Khalili K, Pei Y. POS-428 PROTEIN-TRUNCATING PKD1 MUTATIONS YET MILD AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE IS UNDER-RECOGNIZED. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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12
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Ward T, Tai W, Morton S, Impens F, Van Damme P, Van Haver D, Timmerman E, Venturini G, Zhang K, Jang MY, Willcox JAL, Haghighi A, Gelb BD, Chung WK, Goldmuntz E, Porter GA, Lifton RP, Brueckner M, Yost HJ, Bruneau BG, Gorham J, Kim Y, Pereira A, Homsy J, Benson CC, DePalma SR, Varland S, Chen CS, Arnesen T, Gevaert K, Seidman C, Seidman JG. Mechanisms of Congenital Heart Disease Caused by NAA15 Haploinsufficiency. Circ Res 2021; 128:1156-1169. [PMID: 33557580 PMCID: PMC8048381 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.316966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarsha Ward
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School
| | - Warren Tai
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School
| | - Sarah Morton
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School.,Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (S.M.)
| | - Francis Impens
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium (F.I., D.V.H., E.T., K.G.).,VIB Proteomics Core, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium (F.I., D.V.H., E.T.).,Biomolecular Medicine (F.I., D.V.H., E.T., K.G.), Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Petra Van Damme
- Biochemistry and Microbiology (P.V.D.), Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Delphi Van Haver
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium (F.I., D.V.H., E.T., K.G.).,VIB Proteomics Core, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium (F.I., D.V.H., E.T.).,Biomolecular Medicine (F.I., D.V.H., E.T., K.G.), Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evy Timmerman
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium (F.I., D.V.H., E.T., K.G.).,VIB Proteomics Core, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium (F.I., D.V.H., E.T.).,Biomolecular Medicine (F.I., D.V.H., E.T., K.G.), Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gabriela Venturini
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School.,University of Sao Paulo (G.V.)
| | - Kehan Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, MA (K.Z., C.S.C.).,The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA (K.Z., C.S.C.)
| | - Min Young Jang
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School
| | - Jon A L Willcox
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute (A.H., C.S.), Harvard Medical School.,Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (A.H., C.S.)
| | - Bruce D Gelb
- Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.D.G.)
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (W.K.C.)
| | - Elizabeth Goldmuntz
- Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (E.G.)
| | | | - Richard P Lifton
- Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven (R.P.L., M.B.).,Laboratory of Human Genetics and Genomics, Rockefeller University, New York (R.P.L.)
| | - Martina Brueckner
- Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven (R.P.L., M.B.).,Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven (M.B.)
| | - H Joseph Yost
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.J.Y.)
| | | | - Joshua Gorham
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School
| | - Yuri Kim
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (Y.K.)
| | - Alexandre Pereira
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School
| | - Jason Homsy
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School
| | - Craig C Benson
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School
| | - Steven R DePalma
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School
| | - Sylvia Varland
- Biomedicine (S.V., T.A.), University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.,Biological Sciences (S.V., T.A.), University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.,Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Toronto, Canada (S.V.)
| | - Christopher S Chen
- Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, MA (K.Z., C.S.C.).,The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA (K.Z., C.S.C.)
| | - Thomas Arnesen
- Biomedicine (S.V., T.A.), University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.,Biological Sciences (S.V., T.A.), University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.,Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway (T.A.)
| | - Kris Gevaert
- Biomolecular Medicine (F.I., D.V.H., E.T., K.G.), Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christine Seidman
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute (A.H., C.S.), Harvard Medical School.,Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (A.H., C.S.)
| | - J G Seidman
- Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School
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13
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Herkert JC, Verhagen JM, Yotti R, Haghighi A, Phelan DG, James PA, Brown NJ, Stutterd C, Macciocca I, Leong K, Bulthuis ML, van Bever Y, van Slegtenhorst MA, Boven LG, Roberts AE, Agarwal R, Seidman J, Lakdawala NK, Fernández-Avilés F, Burke MA, Pierpont ME, Braunlin E, Ḉağlayan AO, Barge-Schaapveld DQ, Birnie E, van Osch-Gevers L, van Langen IM, Jongbloed JD, Lockhart PJ, Amor DJ, Seidman CE, van de Laar IM. Expanding the clinical and genetic spectrum of ALPK3 variants: Phenotypes identified in pediatric cardiomyopathy patients and adults with heterozygous variants. Am Heart J 2020; 225:108-119. [PMID: 32480058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2020.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biallelic damaging variants in ALPK3, encoding alpha-protein kinase 3, cause pediatric-onset cardiomyopathy with manifestations that are incompletely defined. METHODS AND RESULTS We analyzed clinical manifestations of damaging biallelic ALPK3 variants in 19 pediatric patients, including nine previously published cases. Among these, 11 loss-of-function (LoF) variants, seven compound LoF and deleterious missense variants, and one homozygous deleterious missense variant were identified. Among 18 live-born patients, 8 exhibited neonatal dilated cardiomyopathy (44.4%; 95% CI: 21.5%-69.2%) that subsequently transitioned into ventricular hypertrophy. The majority of patients had extracardiac phenotypes, including contractures, scoliosis, cleft palate, and facial dysmorphisms. We observed no association between variant type or location, disease severity, and/or extracardiac manifestations. Myocardial histopathology showed focal cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, subendocardial fibroelastosis in patients under 4 years of age, and myofibrillar disarray in adults. Rare heterozygous ALPK3 variants were also assessed in adult-onset cardiomyopathy patients. Among 1548 Dutch patients referred for initial genetic analyses, we identified 39 individuals with rare heterozygous ALPK3 variants (2.5%; 95% CI: 1.8%-3.4%), including 26 missense and 10 LoF variants. Among 149 U.S. patients without pathogenic variants in 83 cardiomyopathy-related genes, we identified six missense and nine LoF ALPK3 variants (10.1%; 95% CI: 5.7%-16.1%). LoF ALPK3 variants were increased in comparison to matched controls (Dutch cohort, P = 1.6×10-5; U.S. cohort, P = 2.2×10-13). CONCLUSION Biallelic damaging ALPK3 variants cause pediatric cardiomyopathy manifested by DCM transitioning to hypertrophy, often with poor contractile function. Additional extracardiac features occur in most patients, including musculoskeletal abnormalities and cleft palate. Heterozygous LoF ALPK3 variants are enriched in adults with cardiomyopathy and may contribute to their cardiomyopathy. Adults with ALPK3 LoF variants therefore warrant evaluations for cardiomyopathy.
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Habeb AM, Flanagan SE, Zulali MA, Abdullah MA, Pomahačová R, Boyadzhiev V, Colindres LE, Godoy GV, Vasanthi T, Al Saif R, Setoodeh A, Haghighi A, Haghighi A, Shaalan Y, Hattersley AT, Ellard S, De Franco E. Pharmacogenomics in diabetes: outcomes of thiamine therapy in TRMA syndrome. Diabetologia 2018; 61:1027-1036. [PMID: 29450569 PMCID: PMC6449001 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-018-4554-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Diabetes is one of the cardinal features of thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia (TRMA) syndrome. Current knowledge of this rare monogenic diabetes subtype is limited. We investigated the genotype, phenotype and response to thiamine (vitamin B1) in a cohort of individuals with TRMA-related diabetes. METHODS We studied 32 individuals with biallelic SLC19A2 mutations identified by Sanger or next generation sequencing. Clinical details were collected through a follow-up questionnaire. RESULTS We identified 24 different mutations, of which nine are novel. The onset of the first TRMA symptom ranged from birth to 4 years (median 6 months [interquartile range, IQR 3-24]) and median age at diabetes onset was 10 months (IQR 5-27). At presentation, three individuals had isolated diabetes and 12 had asymptomatic hyperglycaemia. Follow-up data was available for 15 individuals treated with thiamine for a median 4.7 years (IQR 3-10). Four patients were able to stop insulin and seven achieved better glycaemic control on lower insulin doses. These 11 patients were significantly younger at diabetes diagnosis (p = 0.042), at genetic testing (p = 0.01) and when starting thiamine (p = 0.007) compared with the rest of the cohort. All patients treated with thiamine became transfusion-independent and adolescents achieved normal puberty. There were no additional benefits of thiamine doses >150 mg/day and no reported side effects up to 300 mg/day. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In TRMA syndrome, diabetes can be asymptomatic and present before the appearance of other features. Prompt recognition is essential as early treatment with thiamine can result in improved glycaemic control, with some individuals becoming insulin-independent. DATA AVAILABILITY SLC19A2 mutation details have been deposited in the Decipher database ( https://decipher.sanger.ac.uk/ ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhadi M Habeb
- Paediatric Department, Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital, National Guard Ministry, P.O. Box 40740, Al Madinah, 41511, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sarah E Flanagan
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Mohamed A Zulali
- Paediatric Department, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Renata Pomahačová
- Department of Paediatrics, Charles University, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | - Ramlah Al Saif
- Paediatric Department, Maternity and Children's Hospital, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aria Setoodeh
- Growth & Development Research Centre, University of Tehran, Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Haghighi
- Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Department of Genetics and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institutes of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Partners HealthCare Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Andrew T Hattersley
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Sian Ellard
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Elisa De Franco
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK.
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Haghighi A, Athey A, Killgore W, Gehrels J, Alfonso-Miller P, Grandner M. 0979 Insufficient Sleep Duration and Insomnia Symptoms Independently Predict Suicide Ideation in Student Athletes and Non-Athletes. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - A Athey
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
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16
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Johnson MB, De Franco E, Lango Allen H, Al Senani A, Elbarbary N, Siklar Z, Berberoglu M, Imane Z, Haghighi A, Razavi Z, Ullah I, Alyaarubi S, Gardner D, Ellard S, Hattersley AT, Flanagan SE. Erratum. Recessively Inherited LRBA Mutations Cause Autoimmunity Presenting as Neonatal Diabetes. Diabetes 2017;66:2316-2322. Diabetes 2018; 67:532. [PMID: 29305528 PMCID: PMC5828457 DOI: 10.2337/db18-er03b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Shafiee MA, Parastandechehr G, Taba Taba Vakili S, Shahroukh M, Haghighi A, Broumand B. Post-transplantation Presentation of ANCA-associated Vasculitis: Granulomatosis with Polyangitis. Int J Organ Transplant Med 2018; 9:184-191. [PMID: 30863522 PMCID: PMC6409092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulomatosis with polyangitis (GPA) is characterized by necrotizing granulomatosis of the upper and lower respiratory tract and glomerulonephritis. If GPA does not respond to appropriate management, it might result in end-stage renal disease, which may remit the disease severity. The overall impression is that immunosuppression following renal transplantation would further subside the vasculitis. However, several studies have shown that systemic vasculitis recur in 25% of patients following renal transplantation. This may indicate the perplexing nature of the immune system. One of the key factors in prevention of relapse of GPA is following up of patients by careful immunosuppressive dose adjustment and regular measurement of biomarkers for vasculitis. Herein, we describe an interesting case of biopsy-proven GPA who had a complex long history of several post-transplantation relapses in different organs with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies seroconversion. This case emphasizes that vasculitis in particular GPA can mimic various diseases depending on which vessels and organs are affected by the inflammation and is one of the reversible causes of failure of transplanted kidney. Bearing the diagnosis in mind as one of the potential differential diagnoses of failure of renal transplantation will lead to early diagnosis and treatment of recurrent GPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Shafiee
- Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth St, 14 EN-208 Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada,Correspondence: Mohammad Ali Shafiee MD, MSc, FRCPC, Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth St, 14 EN208 Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada. Tel: +1-416-340-4800 ext 6244, Fax: +1-416-595-5826, E-mail:
| | - G. Parastandechehr
- Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth St, 14 EN-208 Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - S. Taba Taba Vakili
- Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth St, 14 EN-208 Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - M. Shahroukh
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Manners Center, Pars Hospital, and Department of Nephrology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1415944911, Iran
| | - A. Haghighi
- Department of Rheumatology, Rasool Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1445613131, Iran
| | - B. Broumand
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Manners Center, Pars Hospital, and Department of Nephrology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1415944911, Iran
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18
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Moin Vaziri V, Heidari A, Farokhi Z, Haghighi A, Seyyed Tabaei SJ, Keshavarz H, Salimi M. PCR-RFLP analysis of Plasmodium vivax reticulocyte binding protein2c gene in field isolates of Iran. Trop Biomed 2017; 34:533-539. [PMID: 33592921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A family of reticulocyte-binding proteins of Plasmodium vivax (PvRBP) is localised at the apical pole of the merozoites and appears to bind to reticulocytes specifically and has also been involved in identifying host cells. Protein component produced by the Pvrbp2c gene is highly antigenic. The aim of this study was to detect the genetic diversity in the Pvrbp2c gene of Iranian P. vivax field isolates using the polymerase chain reaction- restricted fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. A total of 79 P. vivax malaria patients with fever participated in the study. Alu1 and Apo1 restriction enzymes were independently used to identify allelic variants of the Pvrbp2c gene. All of the samples exhibited a single band of about 2 Kb in nested PCR. Among 79 P. vivax field isolates in the RFLP with Apo1 and Alu1 restriction enzymes, 15 and nine patterns were observed, respectively. In total, 24 various patterns were detected from the combined findings of both Alu1 and Apo1 fragments in RFLP. This study revealed that Pvrbp2c has genetic diversity in southeast Iran. Genotyping of Pvrbp2c not only shows the heterogeneity of P. vivax but also provides important information that could be used to control vivax malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Moin Vaziri
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Heidari
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Z Farokhi
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Haghighi
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S J Seyyed Tabaei
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Keshavarz
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Salimi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Johnson MB, De Franco E, Lango Allen H, Al Senani A, Elbarbary N, Siklar Z, Berberoglu M, Imane Z, Haghighi A, Razavi Z, Ullah I, Alyaarubi S, Gardner D, Ellard S, Hattersley AT, Flanagan SE. Recessively Inherited LRBA Mutations Cause Autoimmunity Presenting as Neonatal Diabetes. Diabetes 2017; 66:2316-2322. [PMID: 28473463 PMCID: PMC5524180 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Young-onset autoimmune diabetes associated with additional autoimmunity usually reflects a polygenic predisposition, but rare cases result from monogenic autoimmunity. Diagnosing monogenic autoimmunity is crucial for patients' prognosis and clinical management. We sought to identify novel genetic causes of autoimmunity presenting with neonatal diabetes (NDM) (diagnosis <6 months). We performed exome sequencing in a patient with NDM and autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome and his unrelated, unaffected parents and identified compound heterozygous null mutations in LRBA Biallelic LRBA mutations cause common variable immunodeficiency-8; however, NDM has not been confirmed in this disorder. We sequenced LRBA in 169 additional patients with diabetes diagnosed <1 year without mutations in the 24 known NDM genes. We identified recessive null mutations in 8 additional probands, of which, 3 had NDM (<6 months). Diabetes was the presenting feature in 6 of 9 probands. Six of 17 (35%) patients born to consanguineous parents and with additional early-onset autoimmunity had recessive LRBA mutations. LRBA testing should be considered in patients with diabetes diagnosed <12 months, particularly if they have additional autoimmunity or are born to consanguineous parents. A genetic diagnosis is important as it can enable personalized therapy with abatacept, a CTLA-4 mimetic, and inform genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Johnson
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, U.K
| | - Elisa De Franco
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, U.K
| | - Hana Lango Allen
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, U.K
| | | | - Nancy Elbarbary
- Department of Pediatrics, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeynep Siklar
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merih Berberoglu
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zineb Imane
- Rabat Children's Hospital, Université Mohammed V Souissi, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Division of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA
| | - Zahra Razavi
- Department of Pediatrics, Besat Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Daphne Gardner
- Academia Endocrinology Department, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Sian Ellard
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, U.K
| | - Andrew T Hattersley
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, U.K.
| | - Sarah E Flanagan
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, U.K
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20
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Dodangeh S, Niyyati M, Kamalinejad M, Lorenzo-Morales J, Haghighi A, Azargashb E. The amoebicidal activity of Ziziphus vulgaris extract and its fractions on pathogenic Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts. Trop Biomed 2017; 34:127-136. [PMID: 33592990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba genus includes pathogenic species which are causal agents of a severe sight-threatening infection of the eye known as Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Furthermore, the number of AK is worryingly increasing worldwide, mostly in contact lens users. Until present, there is a general failure to reach a fully effective treatment against AK which is mainly due to the amoebic double-walled cyst stage which forms a protective barrier against drugs. Therefore, drug discovery research towards AK treatment is a must. In this study, Ziziphus vulgaris, a native plant of Asian countries, was checked for its activity against Acanthamoeba. For this purpose and in order to determine the in vitro amoebicidal effects of Ziziphus vulgaris aqueous extract and its fractions (chloroformic, remaining aqueous and primary alcoholic) against Acanthmoeba trophozoites and cysts, activity and sensitivity assays were performed. Moreover, the toxic effect of the extract and its fractions was also tested on murine peritoneal macrophages using a colorimetric tetrazolium salt (MTT) test. The obtained results showed that the chloroformic fraction presented a higher anti-Acanthamoeba activity when compared to the other fractions (Trophozoites/cysts were eliminated, when incubated in a concentration of 50 mg/ml of the fraction, after 24 hours). The calculated active concentrations against Acanthamoeba of these extracts did not shown any high cytotoxicity levels.This study suggests that the Ziziphus vulgaris chloroformic fraction, may present compounds with relevance for the development of novel antiAcanthamoeba drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dodangeh
- Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Niyyati
- Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Kamalinejad
- School of Pharmacology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - J Lorenzo-Morales
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - A Haghighi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Azargashb
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most common autoimmune thyroid disease that may lead to hypothyroidism due to progressive destruction of the thyroid. The etiology of HT is unclear. However, it is associated with multiple genetic predispositions. Consanguinity has been associated with an increased susceptibility to different inherited conditions. This study investigated the association between consanguinity and risk of HT for the first time. METHODS Using a case-control study design, 298 HT patients were compared with two subject groups: (i) 299 participants with non-HT hypothyroidism, and (ii) 298 healthy control participants. The three groups were age and sex matched. Presence of consanguinity among the parents was compared in these groups, and odds ratios (OR) were calculated to establish a correlation. RESULTS Consanguinity significantly increased the risk of HT (compared with healthy subjects; OR = 3.3; p < 0.0001). In addition, consanguinity was a significant risk factor for HT compared with non-HT hypothyroidism patients (OR = 2.8; p < 0.0001). However, the prevalence of consanguinity was not significantly different in non-HT hypothyroidism patients and healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the risk for HT is increased in consanguineous unions, but no significant increase in the risk of non-HT hypothyroidism was observed. However, for more precise risk estimates, larger studies that include different populations may be helpful. These findings highlight the health impact of consanguinity and have applications in empiric risk estimations in genetic counseling, particularly in countries with high rates of consanguineous marriages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Y Zaghlol
- 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Jordan University Hospital , Amman, Jordan
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- 2 Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
- 3 Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
- 4 Howard Hughes Medical Institute , Chevy Chase, Maryland
- 5 Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
- 6 Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Motasem M Alkhayyat
- 7 Department of Internal Medicine, Prince Hamza Hospital , The Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan
| | - Othman F Theyab
- 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Jordan University Hospital , Amman, Jordan
| | - Amal M Owaydah
- 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Jordan University Hospital , Amman, Jordan
| | - Mu'taz M Massad
- 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Jordan University Hospital , Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad A Atari
- 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Jordan University Hospital , Amman, Jordan
| | - Ayman A Zayed
- 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Jordan University Hospital , Amman, Jordan
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23
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Salehi Z, Haghighi A, Haghighi S, Aminian K, Asl SF, Mashayekhi F. [Mitochondrial DNA deletion Δ4977 in peptic ulcer disease]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2017; 51:37-41. [PMID: 28251964 DOI: 10.7868/s0026898417010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Due to the high rate of ROS production and limited capacity for DNA repair within mitochondria, mtDNA is susceptible to oxidative damage and mutations. mtDNA deletion Δ4977 is one of the most common deletion events identified in mitochondria. We examined the association of 4977-bp mtDNA deletion with PUD. Genotypes were determined in bioptic samples of 150 PUD patients and 190 controls. The 4977-bp mtDNA deletion was found more frequently among patients with PUD (52%) than among controls (22.63%). The strong association between the mtDNA 4977-bp deletion and PUD was confirmed (OR = 3.7; 95% CI, 2.32-5.91; P = 0.0001). The 4977-bp deletion in mitochondrial DNA may be a risk factor for PUD, or may reflect an increase in oxidative stress that commonly accompanies underlying PUD disease. Larger population-based studies are needed to uncover the possible causal relationship between this deletion and peptic ulcer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Salehi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - A Haghighi
- University of Guilan, University campus 2, Rasht, Iran
| | - S Haghighi
- Department of Biology/Genetic, Tabrize Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabrize, Iran
| | - K Aminian
- Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - S F Asl
- Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - F Mashayekhi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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Ng YS, Alston CL, Diodato D, Morris AA, Ulrick N, Kmoch S, Houštěk J, Martinelli D, Haghighi A, Atiq M, Gamero MA, Garcia-Martinez E, Kratochvílová H, Santra S, Brown RM, Brown GK, Ragge N, Monavari A, Pysden K, Ravn K, Casey JP, Khan A, Chakrapani A, Vassallo G, Simons C, McKeever K, O'Sullivan S, Childs AM, Østergaard E, Vanderver A, Goldstein A, Vogt J, Taylor RW, McFarland R. The clinical, biochemical and genetic features associated with RMND1-related mitochondrial disease. J Med Genet 2016; 53:768-775. [PMID: 27412952 PMCID: PMC5264221 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-103910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Mutations in the RMND1 (Required for Meiotic Nuclear Division protein 1) gene have recently been linked to infantile onset mitochondrial disease characterised by multiple mitochondrial respiratory chain defects. Methods We summarised the clinical, biochemical and molecular genetic investigation of an international cohort of affected individuals with RMND1 mutations. In addition, we reviewed all the previously published cases to determine the genotype–phenotype correlates and performed survival analysis to identify prognostic factors. Results We identified 14 new cases from 11 pedigrees that harbour recessive RMND1 mutations, including 6 novel variants: c.533C>A, p.(Thr178Lys); c.565C>T, p.(Gln189*); c.631G>A, p.(Val211Met); c.1303C>T, p.(Leu435Phe); c.830+1G>A and c.1317+1G>T. Together with all previously published cases (n=32), we show that congenital sensorineural deafness, hypotonia, developmental delay and lactic acidaemia are common clinical manifestations with disease onset under 2 years. Renal involvement is more prevalent than seizures (66% vs 44%). In addition, median survival time was longer in patients with renal involvement compared with those without renal disease (6 years vs 8 months, p=0.009). The neurological phenotype also appears milder in patients with renal involvement. Conclusions The clinical phenotypes and prognosis associated with RMND1 mutations are more heterogeneous than that were initially described. Regular monitoring of kidney function is imperative in the clinical practice in light of nephropathy being present in over 60% of cases. Furthermore, renal replacement therapy should be considered particularly in those patients with mild neurological manifestation as shown in our study that four recipients of kidney transplant demonstrate good clinical outcome to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shiau Ng
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Charlotte L Alston
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daria Diodato
- Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Children Research Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrew A Morris
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Nicole Ulrick
- Department of Neurology, George Washington University Medical School, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stanislav Kmoch
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Houštěk
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Diego Martinelli
- Division of Metabolism, Children Research Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mehnaz Atiq
- Department of Pediatrics, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Hana Kratochvílová
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Saikat Santra
- Department of Clinical Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ruth M Brown
- Oxford Medical Genetics Laboratories, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Garry K Brown
- Oxford Medical Genetics Laboratories, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola Ragge
- Clinical Genetics Unit, West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Ahmad Monavari
- National Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Temple Street Children's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karen Pysden
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Kirstine Ravn
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jillian P Casey
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Temple Street Children's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arif Khan
- Leicester Children's Hospital, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | - Anupam Chakrapani
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Grace Vassallo
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Cas Simons
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Karl McKeever
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, The Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK
| | - Siobhan O'Sullivan
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, The Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK
| | - Anne-Marie Childs
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Elsebet Østergaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adeline Vanderver
- Department of Neurology, George Washington University Medical School, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Amy Goldstein
- Division of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julie Vogt
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Centre for Rare Diseases and Personalised Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robert McFarland
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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25
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Fahed AC, Candan Ş, Haghighi A, DePalma S, McDonough B, Erer B, Ekmekçi A, Bornaun H, Öztarhan K, Aydin H, Seidman J, Seidman C. PEDIATRIC CARDIOMYOPATHY MUTATIONS IN A HIGHLY CONSANGUINEOUS POPULATION. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(16)31400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Hinson JT, Chopra A, Nafissi N, Polacheck WJ, Benson CC, Swist S, Gorham J, Yang L, Schafer S, Sheng CC, Haghighi A, Homsy J, Hubner N, Church G, Cook SA, Linke WA, Chen CS, Seidman JG, Seidman CE. HEART DISEASE. Titin mutations in iPS cells define sarcomere insufficiency as a cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. Science 2016; 349:982-6. [PMID: 26315439 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa5458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human mutations that truncate the massive sarcomere protein titin [TTN-truncating variants (TTNtvs)] are the most common genetic cause for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a major cause of heart failure and premature death. Here we show that cardiac microtissues engineered from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are a powerful system for evaluating the pathogenicity of titin gene variants. We found that certain missense mutations, like TTNtvs, diminish contractile performance and are pathogenic. By combining functional analyses with RNA sequencing, we explain why truncations in the A-band domain of TTN cause DCM, whereas truncations in the I band are better tolerated. Finally, we demonstrate that mutant titin protein in iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes results in sarcomere insufficiency, impaired responses to mechanical and β-adrenergic stress, and attenuated growth factor and cell signaling activation. Our findings indicate that titin mutations cause DCM by disrupting critical linkages between sarcomerogenesis and adaptive remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Hinson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Anant Chopra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Navid Nafissi
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - William J Polacheck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Craig C Benson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sandra Swist
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, MA 3/56 D-44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Joshua Gorham
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Luhan Yang
- The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sebastian Schafer
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Calvin C Sheng
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Jason Homsy
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Norbert Hubner
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany. DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - George Church
- The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stuart A Cook
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease at Royal Brompton and Harefield National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK. National Heart Centre and Duke-National University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, MA 3/56 D-44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christopher S Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - J G Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christine E Seidman
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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27
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Khosropanah MH, Dinarvand A, Nezhadhosseini A, Haghighi A, Hashemi S, Nirouzad F, Khatamsaz S, Entezari M, Hashemi M, Dehghani H. Analysis of the Antiproliferative Effects of Curcumin and Nanocurcumin in MDA-MB231 as a Breast Cancer Cell Line. Iran J Pharm Res 2016; 15:231-9. [PMID: 27610163 PMCID: PMC4986125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of mortality in the world which appears by the effect of enviromental physico-chemical mutagen and carcinogen agents. The identification of new cytotoxic drug with low sid effects on immune system has developed as important area in new studies of immunopharmacology. Curcumin is a natural polyphenol with anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Its therapeutic potential is substantially hindered by the rather low water solubility and bioavailability, hence the need for suitable carriers. In this report we employed nanogel-based nanoparticle approach to improve upon its effectiveness. Myristic acid-chitosan (MA-chitosan) nanogels were prepared by the technique of self-assembly. Curcumin was loaded into the nanogels. The surface morphology of the prepared nanoparticles was determined using SEM and TEM. The other objective of this study was to examine the in vitro cytotoxic activity of cell death of curcumin and nanocurcumin on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MDA-MB231). Cytotoxicity and viability of curcumin and nanocurcumin were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and dye exclusion assay. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the particle diameter was between 150 to 200 nm. Proliferation of MDA-MB231 cells was significantly inhibited by curcumin and nanocurcumin in a concentration-dependent manner in defined times. There were significant differences in IC50 curcumin and nanocurcumin. curcumin -loaded nanoparticles proved more effective compared to TQ solution. The high drug-targeting potential and efficiency demonstrates the significant role of the anticancer properties of curcumin -loaded nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amin Dinarvand
- Department of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
| | | | - Alireza Haghighi
- Department of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
| | - Sima Hashemi
- Department of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
| | - Fereidon Nirouzad
- Department of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Khatamsaz
- Department of Medicine,Tehran medical Sciences Branch,IslamicAzad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Medicine,Tehran medical Sciences Branch,IslamicAzad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Medicine,Tehran medical Sciences Branch,IslamicAzad University, Tehran, Iran.,
| | - Hossein Dehghani
- Department of Laboratory Sciences,Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,
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28
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Sepehri Z, Kiani Z, Nasiri AA, Mashhadi MA, Javadian F, Haghighi A, Kohan F, Bahari A, Sargazi A. Human Toll like receptor 4 gene expression of PBMCs in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2015; 61:92-95. [PMID: 26255137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) is one of the most pivotal pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) in innate immune systems. In this study, we evaluate the expression of the TLR4 in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) in comparison to healthy controls. Expression of TLR4 in 32 human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with DM2 and 20 control samples was assessed using Real—Time PCR technique. For each patient, body mass index (BMI) and blood glucose levels were measured. The results of Real—Time PCR showed a 5—folds increase in expression of TLR4 on the PBMCs of DM2 patients in comparison to controls. No correlation was observed between the TLR4 expression and sex or BMI. Our results confirmed that DM2 can increase TLR4 expression independent from sex, blood glucose concentrations and BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Sepehri
- Zabol University of Medical Sciences Zabol Iran
| | - Z Kiani
- Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - A A Nasiri
- Zabol University of Medical Sciences Zabol Iran
| | - M A Mashhadi
- Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Zahedan Iran
| | - F Javadian
- Zabol University of Medical Sciences Zabol Medicinal Plant Research Center Zabol Iran fer.javadian@gmail.com
| | - A Haghighi
- Harvard Medical School Department of Genetics Boston USA
| | - F Kohan
- Zabol University of Medical Sciences Zabol Iran
| | - A Bahari
- University of Zanjan Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques Zanjan Iran
| | - A Sargazi
- Zabol University of Medical Sciences Zabol Iran
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29
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Haghighi A, Kavehmanesh Z, Haghighi A, Salehzadeh F, Santos-Simarro F, Van Maldergem L, Cimbalistiene L, Collins F, Chopra M, Al-Sinani S, Dastmalchian S, de Silva DC, Bakhti H, Garg A, Hilbert P. Congenital generalized lipodystrophy: identification of novel variants and expansion of clinical spectrum. Clin Genet 2015; 89:434-441. [PMID: 26072926 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) is an autosomal recessive disorder with two major subtypes. Variants in AGPAT2 result in CGL type 1 with milder manifestations, whereas BSCL2 variants cause CGL type 2 with more severe features. Muscle hypertrophy caused by lack of adipose tissue is present early in life in CGL patients. Our aim was to investigate 10 CGL patients from 7 different countries and report genotype-phenotype relationships. Genetic analysis identified disease-causing variants in AGPAT2 (five patients) and in BSCL2 (five patients), including three novel variants; c.134C>A (p.Ser45*), c.216C>G (p.Tyr72*) in AGPAT2 and c.458C>A (p.Ser153*) in BSCL2. We also report possible novel clinical features such as anemia, breast enlargement, steatorrhea, intraventricular hemorrhage and nephrolithiasis in CGL patients. Generalized lipodystrophy and muscular hypertrophy were the only features in all of our patients. Hepatomegaly was the second common feature. Some manifestations were exclusively noticed in our CGL2 patients; hypertrichosis, high-pitched voice and umbilical hernia. Bone cysts and history of seizures were noticed only in CGL1 patients. The findings of this study expand our knowledge of genotype-phenotype correlations in CGL patients. These results have important clinical applications in diagnosis and management of the CGL patients as well as in genetic counseling in families at-risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Haghighi
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Z Kavehmanesh
- Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Haghighi
- Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - F Salehzadeh
- Pediatric Department, Bouali Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - F Santos-Simarro
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Clinical Genetics Unit, INGEMM, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Van Maldergem
- Centre de génétique humaine, Université de FRanche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - L Cimbalistiene
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - F Collins
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Chopra
- Department of Medical Genomics, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia
| | - S Al-Sinani
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - S Dastmalchian
- Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - D C de Silva
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - H Bakhti
- Pathology Department, Takht-e Jamshid Hospital, Karaj, Iran
| | - A Garg
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - P Hilbert
- Institute of Pathology and Genetics, Gosselies, Belgium
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30
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Haghighi A, Borhany M, Ghazi A, Edwards N, Tabaksert A, Haghighi A, Fatima N, Shamsi TS, Sayer JA. Glanzmann thrombasthenia in Pakistan: molecular analysis and identification of novel mutations. Clin Genet 2015; 89:187-92. [PMID: 26096001 PMCID: PMC4737203 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is an inherited genetic disorder affecting platelets, which is characterized by spontaneous mucocutaneous bleeding and abnormally prolonged bleeding in response to injury or trauma. The underlying defect is failure of platelet aggregation due to qualitative and/or quantitative deficiency of platelet integrin αIIbβ3 resulting from molecular genetic defects in either ITGA2B or ITGB3. Here, we examine a Pakistani cohort of 15 patients with clinical symptoms of GT who underwent laboratory and molecular genetic analysis. In patients with a broad range of disease severity and age of presentation, we identified pathogenic mutations in ITGA2B in 11 patients from 8 different families, including 2 novel homozygous mutations and 1 novel heterozygous mutation. Mutations in ITGB3 were identified in 4 patients from 3 families, two of which were novel homozygous truncating mutations. A molecular genetic diagnosis was established in 11 families with GT, including 5 novel mutations extending the spectrum of mutations in this disease within a region of the world where little is known about the incidence of GT. Mutational analysis is a key component of a complete diagnosis of GT and allows appropriate management and screening of other family members to be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Haghighi
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Borhany
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis & Thrombosis of National Institute of Blood Disease & Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Ghazi
- Chronic Pain Clinic, Wilderman Medicine Professional Corporation, Toronto, Canada
| | - N Edwards
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - A Tabaksert
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - A Haghighi
- Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - N Fatima
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis & Thrombosis of National Institute of Blood Disease & Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - T S Shamsi
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis & Thrombosis of National Institute of Blood Disease & Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - J A Sayer
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
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31
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Mahmoudi MR, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Kazemi B, Haghighi A, Mirzaei A, Mohammadiha A, Jahantab S, Xiao L, Karanis P. Cryptosporidium genotypes and subtypes distribution in river water in Iran. J Water Health 2015; 13:600-606. [PMID: 26042990 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2014.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the diversity and public health significance of Cryptosporidium species in river waters in Iran. In the present study, we determined the genotype and subtype distribution of Cryptosporidium spp. in river water samples in Iran. A total of 49 surface water samples were collected from rivers and surface water in Guilan and Tehran provinces during 2009-2010. Water samples were filtrated through a 1.2-μm pore size membrane filter or by Filta-Max filter followed by immunomagnetic separation or sucrose purification methods. Genotype and subtype of Cryptosporidium were identified by sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA and 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) genes, respectively. A total of 24 (48.97%) water samples were positive for Cryptosporidium species by the 18sRNA-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequencing technique. DNA sequencing revealed the presence of five species of Cryptosporidium (C. parvum, C. hominis, C. muris, C. andersoni, and C. canis) in the water samples of the study area and, to our knowledge, the first report of C. muris in Iran. The results of GP60 gene analysis showed that all C. parvum and C. hominis isolates belonged to the IId and Id subtype families, respectively. The investigated river water supplies were heavily contaminated by pathogenic species of Cryptosporidium from humans and livestock. There is potential risk of waterborne cryptosporidiosis in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Mahmoudi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran E-mail: ; Research Center of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Chamran Expressway, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Kazemi
- Research Center of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Haghighi
- Department of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Chamran Expressway, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Mirzaei
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Iilam University of Medical Sciences, Iilam, Iran
| | - A Mohammadiha
- Department of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Chamran Expressway, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Jahantab
- Tehran Province Water & Wastewater Co. (TPWW), Tehran, Iran
| | - L Xiao
- Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Services, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - P Karanis
- Qinghai University, Medical School, Center for Biomedicine and Infectious Diseases (CBID), Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Quinghai, China
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32
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Haghighi A, Nafissi S, Qurashi A, Tan Z, Shamshiri H, Nilipour Y, Haghighi A, Desnick RJ, Kornreich R. Genetics of GNE myopathy in the non-Jewish Persian population. Eur J Hum Genet 2015; 24:243-51. [PMID: 25966635 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2015.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
GNE myopathy is an autosomal recessive adult-onset disorder characterized by progressive muscle atrophy and weakness, initially involving the distal muscles, while often sparing the quadriceps. It is caused by variants in the GNE gene that encodes a key bifunctional enzyme in the sialic acid biosynthetic pathway. We investigated the clinical and molecular characteristics of 18 non-Jewish Persian patients from 11 unrelated GNE myopathy families. In addition, we reviewed the previously reported cases and suggest genotype-phenotype correlations for the identified variants. Comprehensive clinical and laboratory evaluations were carried out. Sequencing of the GNE gene was performed using genomic DNA from the patients. Screening of the identified variants was performed in all relevant family members. Molecular analyses identified three causative homozygous GNE variants in 11 families: c.2228T>C (p. M743T) in 7, c.830G>A (p.R277Q) in 2, and one novel variation (c.804G>A) in 2 families that results in a synonymous codon change (p.L268=) and likely creates a novel splice site affecting the protein function. This study confirms that c.2228T>C (p.M743T) is the most prevalent disease-causing variant in the non-Jewish Persian population, but other GNE variants can cause GNE myopathy in this population. The patients with all three different variants had similar ages of onset. The youngest patient was an 18-year-old girl in whom the c.830G>A (p.R277Q) variant was identified, whereas the oldest onset age (31 years) was seen in a male patient with c.804G>A (p.L268=). The results of this investigation expand our knowledge about the genotype-phenotype correlations in GNE myopathy and aid in clinical management and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Haghighi
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Shahriar Nafissi
- Department of Neurology, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abrar Qurashi
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zheng Tan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hosein Shamshiri
- Department of Neurology, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yalda Nilipour
- Department of Pathology, Pediatric Pathology Research Center, Mofid Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Robert J Desnick
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth Kornreich
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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33
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Hildebrandt J, Yalcin E, Bresser HG, Cinel G, Gappa M, Haghighi A, Kiper N, Khalilzadeh S, Reiter K, Sayer J, Schwerk N, Sibbersen A, Van Daele S, Nübling G, Lohse P, Griese M. Characterization of CSF2RA mutation related juvenile pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9:171. [PMID: 25425184 PMCID: PMC4254258 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-014-0171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Juvenile pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) due to CSF2RA mutations is a rare disorder with only a few cases described worldwide. Methods We identified nine children with severe diffuse interstitial lung disease due to CSF2RA mutations. Clinical course, diagnostic findings and treatment were evaluated and correlated to the genotype. Functional impairment of the intracellular JAK/pStat5 signaling pathway was assessed using flow-cytometry of peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) and granulocytes. Results We identified six individuals with homozygous missense/nonsense/frameshift mutations and three individuals homozygous for a deletion of the complete CSF2RA gene locus. Overall, four novel mutations (c.1125 + 1G > A, duplication exon 8, deletion exons 2–13, Xp22.3/Yp11.3) were found. Reduced STAT5 phosphorylation in PBMC and granulocytes was seen in all cases examined (n = 6). Pulmonary symptoms varied from respiratory distress to clinically silent. Early disease onset was associated with a more severe clinical phenotype (p = 0.0092). No association was seen between severity of phenotype at presentation and future clinical course or extent of genetic damage. The clinical course was favorable in all subjects undergoing whole lung lavage (WLL) treatment. Conclusions Our cohort broadens the spectrum of knowledge about the clinical variability and genotype-phenotype correlations of juvenile PAP, and illustrates the favorable outcome of WLL treatment in severely affected patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13023-014-0171-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Hildebrandt
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
| | - Ebru Yalcin
- Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Çocuk Göğüs Hastalıkları, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Hans-Georg Bresser
- Department of Paediatrics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Guzin Cinel
- Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Çocuk Göğüs Hastalıkları, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Monika Gappa
- Children's Hospital, Marien Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany.
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Nural Kiper
- Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Çocuk Göğüs Hastalıkları, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Soheila Khalilzadeh
- Pediatric Respiratory Disease Research Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Teheran, Iran.
| | - Karl Reiter
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
| | - John Sayer
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Nicolaus Schwerk
- Clinic for Paediatric Pneumonology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Anke Sibbersen
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
| | - Sabine Van Daele
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Georg Nübling
- Departments of Neurology and Palliative Care, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Peter Lohse
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Human Genetics, Singen, Germany.
| | - Matthias Griese
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
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Aghamolaie S, Rostami A, Fallahi S, Tahvildar Biderouni F, Haghighi A, Salehi N. Evaluation of modified Ziehl-Neelsen, direct fluorescent-antibody and PCR assay for detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in children faecal specimens. J Parasit Dis 2014; 40:958-63. [PMID: 27605818 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-014-0614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the sensitivity and specificity of routine screening methods for cryptosporidiosis, three methods including conventional modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN), direct fluorescent-antibody (DFA) and Nested-PCR assay compared together. To this end, their ability to identify the low concentrations of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in children fecal samples was evaluated. The sample population of this study was children under 12 years old who had diarrhea and referred to pediatric hospitals in Tehran, Iran. 2,510 stool specimens from patients with diarrhea were screened for Cryptosporidium oocysts by concentration method and MZN. To determine sensitivity and specificity, Nested-PCR and DFA were performed on 30 positive and 114 negative samples which previously had been proved by MZN. By using the microscopic method, DFA assay and PCR analysis, a total of 30 (1.2 %), 28 (1.1 %) and 32 (1.27 %) positive samples were detected respectively. According to the results, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the Nested-PCR assay were 100 %, compared to 94, 100, 100, and 98 %, respectively, for MZN and 87.5, 100, 100, and 96 %, respectively, for DFA. Results of the present study showed that the Nested-PCR assay was more sensitive than the other two methods and laboratories can use the Nested-PCR method for precise diagnosis of Cryptosporidium spp. However, regarding the costs of Nested-PCR and its unavailability in all laboratories and hospitals, MZN staining on smears has also enough accuracy for Cryptosporidium diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Aghamolaie
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Rostami
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sh Fallahi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - F Tahvildar Biderouni
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Haghighi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Salehi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Obihiro Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
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Ghanizadeh A, Haghighi A. Aripiprazole versus risperidone for treating children and adolescents with tic disorder: a randomized double blind clinical trial. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2014; 45:596-603. [PMID: 24343476 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-013-0427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
There are some uncontrolled studies about the efficacy and safety of both aripiprazole and risperidone for treating tic disorder. Moreover, the efficacy of these medications has never been compared. This is the first double blind randomized clinical trial comparing the safety and efficacy of aripiprazole and risperidone for treating patients with tic disorder. Sixty children and adolescents with tic disorder were randomly allocated into one of the two groups to receive either aripiprazole or risperidone for 2 months. The primary outcome measure was the score of Yale Global Tic Severity Scale. In addition, health related quality of life and adverse events were assessed. Both aripiprazole and risperidone decreased the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale score during this trial. Moreover, both medications increased the health related quality of life score. Both aripiprazole and risperidone were tolerated well. Aripiprazole [3.22 (1.9) mg/day] decreased tic score as much as risperidone [0.6 (0.2) mg/day]. Their adverse effects and their effects on health related quality of life were comparable. However, risperidone increased the patients' social functioning more than aripiprazole in short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,
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Haghighi A, Haack TB, Atiq M, Mottaghi H, Haghighi-Kakhki H, Bashir RA, Ahting U, Feichtinger RG, Mayr JA, Rötig A, Lebre AS, Klopstock T, Dworschak A, Pulido N, Saeed MA, Saleh-Gohari N, Holzerova E, Chinnery PF, Taylor RW, Prokisch H. Sengers syndrome: six novel AGK mutations in seven new families and review of the phenotypic and mutational spectrum of 29 patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9:119. [PMID: 25208612 PMCID: PMC4167147 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-014-0119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sengers syndrome is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by congenital cataract, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy and lactic acidosis. Mutations in the acylglycerol kinase (AGK) gene have been recently described as the cause of Sengers syndrome in nine families. Methods We investigated the clinical and molecular features of Sengers syndrome in seven new families; five families with the severe and two with the milder form. Results Sequence analysis of AGK revealed compound heterozygous or homozygous predicted loss-of-function mutations in all affected individuals. A total of eight different disease alleles were identified, of which six were novel, homozygous c.523_524delAT (p.Ile175Tyrfs*2), c.424-1G > A (splice site), c.409C > T (p.Arg137*) and c.877 + 3G > T (splice site), and compound heterozygous c.871C > T (p.Gln291*) and c.1035dup (p.Ile346Tyrfs*39). All patients displayed perinatal or early-onset cardiomyopathy and cataract, clinical features pathognomonic for Sengers syndrome. Other common findings included blood lactic acidosis and tachydyspnoea while nystagmus, eosinophilia and cervical meningocele were documented in only either one or two cases. Deficiency of the adenine nucleotide translocator was found in heart and skeletal muscle biopsies from two patients associated with respiratory chain complex I deficiency. In contrast to previous findings, mitochondrial DNA content was normal in both tissues. Conclusion We compare our findings to those in 21 previously reported AGK mutation-positive Sengers patients, confirming that Sengers syndrome is a clinically recognisable disorder of mitochondrial energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Haghighi
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Ave Louis Pasteur, Boston 02115, MA, USA.
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Masri A, Liao J, Kornreich R, Haghighi A. Homozygous p.R284* mutation in HEXB gene causing Sandhoff disease with nystagmus. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2014; 18:399-403. [PMID: 24613245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Sandhoff disease is a rare, genetic, lipid storage disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of the nerve cells (neurons) in the brain and spinal cord. This disease is caused by mutations in the beta-hexosaminidase beta-subunit (HEXB) gene. Here, we investigated the clinical characteristics and molecular basis of Sandhoff disease in an infant female patient from Jordan. The initial sign was nystagmus, which was noted at birth. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Sandhoff disease from Jordan. Introducing lysosomal enzyme assays to the testing of children with global developmental delay with unknown etiology in countries with high rates of consanguinity will not only increase the percentage of diagnosed cases, but will also help orient genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis and eventually will reduce the overall burden of disabilities in these countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Masri
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Jun Liao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth Kornreich
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Haghighi A, Nikuei P, Haghighi-Kakhki H, Saleh-Gohari N, Baghestani S, Krawitz PM, Hecht J, Mundlos S. Whole-exome sequencing identifies a novel missense mutation in EDAR causing autosomal recessive hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with bilateral amastia and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. Br J Dermatol 2014; 168:1353-6. [PMID: 23210707 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Setoodeh A, Haghighi A, Saleh-Gohari N, Ellard S, Haghighi A. Identification of a SLC19A2 nonsense mutation in Persian families with thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia. Gene 2013; 519:295-7. [PMID: 23454484 PMCID: PMC3725413 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) is an autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by early-onset anemia, diabetes, and hearing loss caused by mutations in the SLC19A2 gene. We studied the genetic cause and clinical features of this condition in patients from the Persian population. A clinical and molecular investigation was performed in four patients from three families and their healthy family members. All had the typical diagnostic criteria. The onset of hearing loss in three patients was at birth and one patient also had a stroke and seizure disorder. Thiamine treatment effectively corrected the anemia in all of our patients but did not prevent hearing loss. Diabetes was improved in one patient who presented at the age of 8months with anemia and diabetes after 2months of starting thiamine. The coding regions of SLC19A2 were sequenced in all patients. The identified mutation was tested in all members of the families. Molecular analyses identified a homozygous nonsense mutation c.697C>T (p.Gln233*) as the cause of the disease in all families. This mutation was previously reported in a Turkish patient with TRMA and is likely to be a founder mutation in the Persian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aria Setoodeh
- Growth & Development Research Centre, University of Tehran, Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Haghighi
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sian Ellard
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Alireza Haghighi
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Kheirandish F, Bandehpour M, Davoudi N, Mosaffa N, Dawood S, Kazemi B, Haghighi A, Khamesipour A, Masjedi H, Mohebali M, Mahboudi F. Gene regulation of pteridine reductase 1 in leishmania promastigotes and amastigotes using a full-length antisense construct. Iran J Parasitol 2013; 8:190-6. [PMID: 23914230 PMCID: PMC3724142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pteridine metabolic pathway is unusual features of Leishmania, which is necessary for the growth of parasite. Leishmania has evolved a complex and versatile pteridine salvage network which has the ability of scavenging a wide area of the conjugated and unconjugated pteridines especially folate and biopterin. In this study, we focus on the inhibition of ptr1 gene expression. METHODS L. major ptr1 gene was cloned into pcDNA3 and digested using KpnI and BamHI. The gene was subcloned so that antisense will transcribe and called pcDNA-rPTR. Leishmania major was cultured and late logarithmic-phase promastigotes were harvested. The promastigotes were divided into two groups. One group was transfected with 50 µg of pcDNA-rPTR, whereas the other group was transfected with pcDNA3. Transfected cells were cultured and plated onto semi-solid media. Mouse pritonean macrophages were transfected using pcDNA-rPTR-tansfected promastigotes. Western blotting was performed on mouse transfected pritonean macrophages and extracts from transfected promastigotes of L. major using a L. major ptr1 antibody raised in rabbits. RESULTS The PTR1 protein was not expressed in pcDNA-rPTR- tansfected promastigotes and mouse macrophage transfected with pcDNA-rPTR- tansfected promastigotes. CONCLUSION This approach might be used to study the pteridine salvage pathway in Leishmania or to assess the possibility of using gene expression inhibition in the treatment of leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kheirandish
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - M Bandehpour
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences., Tehran, Iran
| | - N Davoudi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute Pasteur of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Mosaffa
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Dawood
- Skin Disease Hospital, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - B Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences., Tehran, Iran
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Haghighi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Khamesipour
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Disease and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Masjedi
- Skin Disease Hospital, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - M Mohebali
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Mahboudi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute Pasteur of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Haghighi A, Scott CA, Poon DS, Yaghoobi R, Saleh-Gohari N, Plagnol V, Kelsell DP. A Missense Mutation in the MBTPS2 Gene Underlies the X-Linked Form of Olmsted Syndrome. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 133:571-3. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Heidary S, Bandehpour M, Valadkhani Z, Seyyed–Tabaee SJ, Haghighi A, Abadi AR, Kazemi B. Double-Stranded RNA Viral Infection in Tehran Trichomonas vaginalis Isolates. Iran J Parasitol 2013; 8:60-4. [PMID: 23682261 PMCID: PMC3655241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trichomonas vaginalis is a pathogenic protozoon and may be contaminated with dsRNA virus called Trichomonas vaginalis virus (TVV). The viral infection is an important factor for its pathogenesis and sensitivity to metronidazole. The presence of TVV is associated with qualitative and quantitative expression of cysteine proteinases and surface immunogenic; P270. The purpose of this study was to determine TVV frequency in T. vaginalis clinical isolates in Tehran, Iran. METHODS The 46 T. vaginalis isolates were collected from Tehran Province and cultured in TYI-S-33 culture medium. Viral RNA was extracted and RT-PCR was done. RESULTS Of 46 T. vaginalis isolates, 8 isolates (17.39%) were infected with TVV-1. There was not any association between patient age and TVV- infected T. vaginalis. There were 17.39% viral infection in T. vaginalis isolates which was lower than that reported by other researchers. CONCLUSION This is the first report on T. vaginalis isolates infection by TVV-1 in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Heidary
- Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Bandehpour
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Dept. of Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Z Valadkhani
- Dept. of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - SJ Seyyed–Tabaee
- Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Haghighi
- Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - AR Abadi
- Dept. of Social Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Dept. of Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author:,
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Mohammadiha A, Mohebali M, Haghighi A, Mahdian R, Abadi AR, Zarei Z, Yeganeh F, Kazemi B, Taghipour N, Akhoundi B. Comparison of real-time PCR and conventional PCR with two DNA targets for detection of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum infection in human and dog blood samples. Exp Parasitol 2012; 133:89-94. [PMID: 23159412 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in northwestern Iran. Real-time PCR, conventional PCR, and the direct agglutination test (DAT) were used to diagnose Leishmania infantum infection in blood samples from 100 domestic dogs and 100 humans. Based on clinical evaluation, 82 humans and 72 dogs from the endemic area were categorized as having asymptomatic infection, DAT positive with no clinical signs of VL, or symptomatic infection, DAT positive with at least one sign of VL. Eighteen human samples containing no Leishmania antibodies (DAT(-)) and 28 dog DAT(-) sera from non-endemic areas with no history of VL constituted negative controls. All 46 DAT(-) samples were also negative by Dipstick rK39. Bone marrow material was used for parasitological examinations in symptomatic VL, and peripheral blood samples were used for detection of L. infantum infection using conventional PCR and real-time PCR in non-symptomatic subjects. Two DNA targets (ITS1 kDNA) were used for conventional PCR. L. infantum antibodies in sera were detected by DAT. Parasitemia was measured by real-time PCR targeting kDNA using Taqman Assay. All 72 (100%) symptomatic (38/38) and asymptomatic (34/34) dog DAT(+)samples, 45 of 48 (93.8%) symptomatic human DAT(+) samples, and 32 of 34 (94.1%) human asymptomatic cases were identified by real-time PCR. The mean (59.19 vs 12.38 parasite equivalents/mL of blood) and median (16.15 vs 1 parasite equivalents/mL of blood) ranges of parasitemia were higher in dogs than in humans (P<0.05). The highest agreement was obtained between real-time PCR and DAT (99% in dogs and 95% in humans). Sensitivity of 100% and 93.9%, specificity of 96.4% and 100%, positive predictive values of 98.6% and 100%, and negative predictive values of 100% and 78.3% were found by real-time PCR for dog and human samples, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mohammadiha
- Department of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Moosavi A, Haghighi A, Mojarad EN, Zayeri F, Alebouyeh M, Khazan H, Kazemi B, Zali MR. Genetic variability of Blastocystis sp. isolated from symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals in Iran. Parasitol Res 2012; 111:2311-5. [PMID: 22948205 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Blastocystis is an unusual enteric protozoan parasite of humans and many animals whose pathogenic potential is still controversial. To increase the understanding of the molecular epidemiology of this emerging parasite and due to its potential impact on public health, its subtypes (STs) in Iranian symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals were determined. A total of 100 Blastocystis isolates by microscopy and culture methods were obtained. DNA was extracted from the positive culture isolates, and the Blastocystis subtypes were identified using seven subtype-specific sequenced-tagged site (STS) primers. Four subtypes, ST3 as dominant (53 %), followed by ST1 (48 %), ST5 (33 %), and ST2 (7 %) were identified. In this study, ST1 in gastrointestinal patients compared to asymptomatic individuals was significantly dominant (p = 0.001). From 33 (33 %) mixed subtype infections, ST1, 3 (14 %) was significantly related to GI symptoms (p = 0.045), and eight mixed infections with three different STs, which are under reported, were also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Moosavi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 19395-4719, Yeman Street, Chamran Expressway, Tehran, Iran
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Haghighi A, Razzaghy-Azar M, Talea A, Sadeghian M, Ellard S, Haghighi A. Identification of a novel nonsense mutation and a missense substitution in the AGPAT2 gene causing congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 1. Eur J Med Genet 2012; 55:620-4. [PMID: 22902344 PMCID: PMC3471069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2012.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by the generalized scant of adipose tissue. CGL type 1 is caused by mutations in gene encoding 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase-2 (AGPAT2). A clinical and molecular genetic investigation was performed in affected and unaffected members of two families with CGL type 1. The AGPAT2 coding region was sequenced in index cases of the two families. The presence of the identified mutations in relevant parents was tested. We identified a novel nonsense mutation (c.685G>T, p.Glu229*) and a missense substitution (c.514G>A, p.Glu172Lys). The unaffected parents in both families were heterozygous carrier of the relevant mutation. The results expand genotype–phenotype spectrum in CGL1 and will have applications in prenatal and early diagnosis of the disease. This is the first report of Persian families identified with AGPAT2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirreza Haghighi
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Kheirandish F, Bandehpour M, Haghighi A, Mahboudi F, Mohebali M, Kazemi B. Inhibition of Leishmania major PTR1 Gene Expression by Antisense in Escherichia coli. Iran J Public Health 2012; 41:65-71. [PMID: 23113195 PMCID: PMC3468993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protozoa related to Trypanosome family including Leishmania, synthesize enzymes to escape from drug therapy. One of them is PTR1 that its enzymatic activity is similar to dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). Dihydrofolate reductase - thymidylate synthase has a major role in DNA synthesis, if it is inhibited, the result would be the death of parasite. Since PTR1 activity is similar to DHFR, causes the decrease of inhibition effect of drug. The aim of this study was inhibition of Iranian L. major PTR1 expression with mRNA antisense in prokaryotic system as an approach to appear of the drugs therapeutic effects more. METHODS PTR1 gene was ligated to pACYCDuet-1 and pcDNA3 plasmids as sense and antisense plasmids, respectively. Simultaneously transfer of sense and antisense plasmids was done in E. coli strain M15. SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis were carried out to analyze the expression. RESULTS Sense and antisense plasmids were prepared and confirmed by restriction analysis and PCR then simultaneously transfer of them was done. SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis showed PTR1 gene was inhibited by mRNA antisense in bacterial cells. CONCLUSION Expression of PTR1 gene in sense plasmid was inhibited successfully by antisense plasmid.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kheirandish
- Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - M Bandehpour
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Biotechnology Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
| | - A Haghighi
- Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Mahboudi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Mohebali
- Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Biotechnology Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
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Haghighi A, Verdin H, Haghighi-Kakhki H, Piri N, Gohari NS, De Baere E. Missense mutation outside the forkhead domain of FOXL2 causes a severe form of BPES type II. Mol Vis 2012; 18:211-8. [PMID: 22312189 PMCID: PMC3272052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a developmental disease characterized by a complex eyelid malformation associated or not with premature ovarian failure (POF). BPES is essentially an autosomal dominant disease, due to mutations in the forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) gene, encoding a forkhead transcription factor. More than one hundred unique FOXL2 mutations have been described in BPES in different populations, many of which are missense mutations in the forkhead domain. Here, we report on a very severe form of BPES resulting from a missense mutation outside the forkhead domain. METHODS A clinical and molecular genetic investigation was performed in affected and unaffected members of an Iranian family with BPES. The FOXL2 coding region was sequenced in an index case. Targeted mutation testing was performed in 8 family members. RESULTS We have identified a heterozygous FOXL2 missense mutation c.650C→G (p.Ser217Cys) co-segregating with disease in members of a three-generation family with BPES type II. Only few missense mutations have been reported outside the forkhead domain so far. They were all found in mild BPES, in line with in vitro studies demonstrating mostly normal localization and normal or increased transactivation properties of the mutant proteins. Unlike previous studies, affected members of the family studied here showed a severe BPES phenotype, with bilateral amblyopia due to uncorrected ptosis. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study demonstrating a severe BPES phenotype resulting from a FOXL2 missense mutation outside the forkhead domain, expanding our knowledge about the phenotypic consequences of missense mutations outside the forkhead domain in BPES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Haghighi
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hannah Verdin
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Niloofar Piri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Alavi Eye Hospital, Ardebil University of Medical Sciences, Ardebil, Iran
| | | | - Elfride De Baere
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Maleki SH, Athari A, Haghighi A, Taghipour N, Gohardehi SH, Tabaei SS. Species identification of birds nasal trichobilharzia in sari, north of iran. Iran J Parasitol 2012; 7:82-5. [PMID: 23323095 PMCID: PMC3537472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cercarial dermatitis is known as an endemic parasitic disease in North of Iran, a hypersensitive skin reaction to the penetration of nonhuman schistosome larvae into human skin. In recent studies in this region, final and intermediate hosts were recognized and Trichobilharzia was identified as the main causative agent of cercarial dermatitis in this region, but to date the parasite species haven't been identified. Therefore this study was performed to species identification of nasal Trichobilharzia in infected birds for the first time. METHODS A total of 45 Anas clypeata birds identified as final host, were collected from Sari in North of Iran and infected nasal tissues analyzed using molecular techniques. Genomic DNA was isolated by phenol/chloroform extraction method and ITS region of rDNA were amplified with specific primers its5Trem and its4Trem, then sequenced area were compared with existing records in GenBank. RESULTS Twelve samples were infected with Trichobilharzia and results of PCR reaction indicated that all of them belonged to T. regenti. The sequence alignment of present work isolates and those deposited in GenBank showed differences in nucleotide sequences of repeat region in ITS1. CONCLUSION Trichobilharzia regenti is the most frequent parasite of Anatid birds in North of Iran. This corresponds to the distribution of this parasite along the flyway of migratory birds, which annually migrate from Siberia and northern countries of Caspian Sea to wintering areas in southern regions of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- SH Maleki
- Dept. of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University, M. C., Tehran, Iran
| | - A Athari
- Dept. of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University, M. C., Tehran, Iran
| | - A Haghighi
- Dept. of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University, M. C., Tehran, Iran
| | - N Taghipour
- Dept. of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University, M. C., Tehran, Iran
| | - SH Gohardehi
- Dept. of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University, M. C., Sari, Iran
| | - S Seyyed Tabaei
- Dept. of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University, M. C., Tehran, Iran
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Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Azimirad M, Nochi Z, Romani S, Tajbakhsh M, Rostami-Nejad M, Haghighi A, Zali MR. Sequence Diversity in tRNA Gene Locus A-L among Iranian Isolates of Entamoeba dispar. Iran J Parasitol 2012; 7:97-103. [PMID: 23133479 PMCID: PMC3488828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of methods for detecting diversity in Entamoeba have been described over the years. In the present study the genetic polymorphism of noncoding locus A-L was analyzed using PCR and sequencing in order to clarify the genotypic differences among E. dispar isolates. METHODS A total of 28 E. dispar from patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were determined and the genomic DNA was extracted directly from stool. For genotype analysis; Locus A-L was amplified by PCR and PCR products were sequenced. The sequences obtained were edited manually and aligned using Gene Runner software. RESULTS With sequencing of PCR products a reliable genetic diversity in size, number and position of the repeat units were observed among the Iranian E. dispar isolates in locus A-L gene. Sequences showed variation in length from 448bp to 507bp and seven distinct types were identified. CONCLUSION The genetic diversity of loci like A-L shows them to be suitable for epidemiological studies such as the characterization of the routes of transmission of these parasites in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author:Fax: + 98 21 22432517, E-mail:
| | - M Azimirad
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Z Nochi
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Romani
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Tajbakhsh
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Rostami-Nejad
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Haghighi
- Department of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - MR Zali
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Solgi R, Niyyati M, Haghighi A, Mojarad EN. Occurrence of Thermotolerant Hartmannella vermiformis and Naegleria Spp. in Hot Springs of Ardebil Province, Northwest Iran. Iran J Parasitol 2012; 7:47-52. [PMID: 23109945 PMCID: PMC3469187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geothermal waters could be suitable niches for thermophilic free living amoebae including Naegleria and Hartmannella. Ardebil Province, northwest Iran is popular for having many hot springs for recreational and health purposes activity. The present research is the first molecular based investigation regarding the presence of Naegleria and Hartmannella in the hot springs of Ardebil Province in Iran. METHODS Overall, 30 water samples were taken from waters of thermal hot springs in Ardebil Province, Iran during 2010-2011. All collected samples were transferred to Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Cultivation of concentrated water samples was performed using culture-enrichment method. Cloning of the target amoebae was obtained and morphological and molecular analysis was done using page key combined with two sets of primers, respectively. Sequence analysis and homology search was used for strains identification. RESULTS Of 30 water samples, 8 (26.7%) were positive for thermotolerant Vahlkampfiids and Hartmannella based on morphological characteristics of vegetative form and double walled cysts. Cloning of the target amoebae were done successfully. Sequencing of the positive isolates revealed that the strains belonged to Naegleria (N. carteri and N. spp) and H. vermiformis. CONCLUSION The result highlights a need for improved filtration and disinfection and periodic monitoring of recreational thermal waters in order to prevent disease related to free- living amoebae. This is the first comprehensive molecular study of thermophilic Naegleria and Hartmannella in hot springs of Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Solgi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Niyyati
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author:Tel: +989122407432, E-mail:
| | - A Haghighi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Nazemalhosseini Mojarad
- Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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