201
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Zhou XD, Yang XJ, Zheng Y, Qin ZS, Sha W, Chen G, Zhang ZJ. Jie-Yu Pill, A Proprietary Herbal Medicine, Ameliorates Mood Disorder-Like Behavior and Cognitive Impairment in Estrogen-Deprived Mice Exposed to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress: Implication for a Potential Therapy of Menopause Syndrome. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:579995. [PMID: 33329121 PMCID: PMC7673394 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.579995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Jie-Yu Pill (JYP) is a proprietary herbal medicine initially developed to treat menstrual mood disorders. This study sought to determine whether JYP could alleviate menopausal psychiatric symptoms in ovariectomized (OVX) mice, an animal model of estrogen deprivation, exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and the underlying mechanisms in comparison with estrogen therapy. The OVX+CUMS mice were treated with 0.3 mg/kg estradiol (E2), 2.5 g/kg or 5 g/kg JYP for 36 days, and tested in multiple behavioral paradigms. Serum, uterus, and brain tissues were collected for the measurement of hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis (HPO) and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hormones, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, neurotrophins, and estrogen receptors. JYP and E2 had comparable efficacy in reducing anxiety- and depression-like behavior and cognitive impairment of the OVX+CUMS mice. E2 strikingly increased ratio of uterus to body weight of the OVX+CUMS mice, but JYP did not. Both agents suppressed HPO-axis upstream hormones, inhibited HPA-axis hyperactivity by reinstating hypothalamic GABA, restored hippocampal and prefrontal glutamate contents and its receptor expression in the OVX+CUMS mice. While JYP and E2 protected against decreases in hippocampal and prefrontal neurotrophins and estrogen receptors of the OVX+CUMS mice, unlike E2, JYP had no significant effects on these biomarkers in the uterus. These results suggest that JYP has comparable efficacy in ameliorating mood disorder-like behavior and cognitive impairment induced by a combination of estrogen deprivation and chronic stress in association with certain differential uterus-brain mechanisms compared to estrogen therapy. JYP may be a potential therapy for menopause-associated psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Dan Zhou
- Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin-Jing Yang
- Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zong-Shi Qin
- Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Sha
- Department of Research and Development, Henan Taifeng Biological Technology Corporation Limited, Kaifeng, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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202
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Huang S, Chen Y, Liang ZM, Li NN, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Liao D, Zhou XZ, Lu KP, Yao Y, Luo ML. Targeting Pin1 by All-Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) Overcomes Tamoxifen Resistance in Breast Cancer via Multifactorial Mechanisms. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:322. [PMID: 31867329 PMCID: PMC6908472 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent tumor in women worldwide and about 70% patients are estrogen receptor positive. In these cancer patients, resistance to the anticancer estrogen receptor antagonist tamoxifen emerges to be a major clinical obstacle. Peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 is prominently overexpressed in breast cancer and involves in tamoxifen-resistance. Here, we explore the mechanism and effect of targeting Pin1 using its chemical inhibitor all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in the treatment of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer. We found that Pin1 was up-regulated in tamoxifen-resistant human breast cancer cell lines and tumor tissues from relapsed patients. Pin1 overexpression increased the phosphorylation of ERα on S118 and stabilized ERα protein. ATRA treatment, resembling the effect of Pin1 knockdown, promoted ERα degradation in tamoxifen-resistant cells. Moreover, ATRA or Pin1 knockdown decreased the activation of ERK1/2 and AKT pathways. ATRA also reduced the nuclear expression and transcriptional activity of ERα. Importantly, ATRA inhibited cell viability and proliferation of tamoxifen-resistant human breast cancer cells in vitro. Slow-releasing ATRA tablets reduced the growth of tamoxifen-resistant human breast cancer xenografts in vivo. In conclusion, ATRA-induced Pin1 ablation inhibits tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer growth by suppressing multifactorial mechanisms of tamoxifen resistance simultaneously, which demonstrates an attractive strategy for treating aggressive and endocrine-resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyin Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Mei Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na-Na Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinghua Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingzhun Liao
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kun Ping Lu
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yandan Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Man-Li Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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203
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Jauset-Rubio M, Botero ML, Skouridou V, Aktas GB, Svobodova M, Bashammakh AS, El-Shahawi MS, Alyoubi AO, O’Sullivan CK. One-Pot SELEX: Identification of Specific Aptamers against Diverse Steroid Targets in One Selection. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:20188-20196. [PMID: 31815219 PMCID: PMC6893951 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers are well-established biorecognition molecules used in a wide variety of applications for the detection of their respective targets. However, individual SELEX processes typically performed for the identification of aptamers for each target can be quite time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly. An alternative strategy is proposed herein for the simultaneous identification of different aptamers binding distinct but structurally similar targets in one single selection. This one-pot SELEX approach, using the steroids estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone as model targets, was achieved by combining the benefits of counter-SELEX with the power of next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. The pools from the last stage of the selection were compared in order to discover sequences with preferential abundance in only one of the pools. This led to the identification of aptamer candidates with potential specificity to a single steroid target. Binding studies demonstrated the high affinity of each selected aptamer for its respective target, and low nanomolar range dissociation constants calculated were similar to those previously reported for steroid-binding aptamers selected using traditional SELEX approaches. Finally, the selected aptamers were exploited in microtiter plate assays, achieving nanomolar limits of detection, while the specificity of these aptamers was also demonstrated. Overall, the one-pot SELEX strategy led to the discovery of aptamers for three different steroid targets in one single selection without compromising their affinity or specificity, demonstrating the power of this approach of aptamer discovery for the simultaneous selection of aptamers against multiple targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Jauset-Rubio
- INTERFIBIO
Research Group, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans
26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mary Luz Botero
- INTERFIBIO
Research Group, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans
26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Vasso Skouridou
- INTERFIBIO
Research Group, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans
26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- E-mail: . Phone: +34977558576 (V.S.)
| | - Gülsen Betül Aktas
- INTERFIBIO
Research Group, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans
26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marketa Svobodova
- INTERFIBIO
Research Group, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans
26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Abdulaziz S. Bashammakh
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz
University, P.O. Box 80203, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S. El-Shahawi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz
University, P.O. Box 80203, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman O. Alyoubi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz
University, P.O. Box 80203, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ciara K. O’Sullivan
- INTERFIBIO
Research Group, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans
26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- E-mail: . Phone: +34977559651 (C.K.O.)
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204
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Cai H, Yao H, Li T, Tang Y, Li D. High-level heterologous expression of the human transmembrane sterol Δ8,Δ7-isomerase in Pichia pastoris. Protein Expr Purif 2019; 164:105463. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.105463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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205
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Sánchez-Zamorano LM, Angeles-Llerenas A, Salinas-Rodríguez A, Lazcano-Ponce EC, Romieu I, Pérez-Rodríguez E, Flores-Luna L, Torres-Mejía G. Synergistic action of folate intake and testosterone associated with breast cancer risk. Nutr Res 2019; 71:100-110. [PMID: 31757629 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The amount of irreparable DNA damage is a function of the rate of cell division, and the association between sex hormones and the risk of breast cancer has been explained by an increase in cell division. Folate intake insufficiency leads to disturbances in DNA replication and DNA repair. We hypothesized that folate intake insufficiency and high serum concentrations of sex hormones act synergistically on the risk of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between sex hormones (exposure of interest A) and dietary folate intake (exposure of interest B) on the risk of breast cancer. We included 342 breast cancer primary postmenopausal cases and 294 controls obtained from a large population-based case-control study. Multiple conditional logistic regression models were used for the analysis and interactions were tested. The joint effect of the lowest dietary folate intake (T1 < 259.40 mg/d) and the highest serum concentration of testosterone (T3 ≥ 0.410 on the risk of breast cancer was odds ratio = 9.18 (95% confidence interval 2.56-32.88) when compared to the lowest-risk category, namely, the group of women with the highest dietary folate intake (T3 > 381.29 mg/d) and the lowest serum concentration of testosterone (T1 ≤ 0.25 pg/mL). There were some indications that the estimated join effect was greater than the product of the estimated effects alone (P = .001). These findings have important public health implications with respect to reducing the risk of the most frequent cancer in women worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa María Sánchez-Zamorano
- Population Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Avenida Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico.
| | - Angélica Angeles-Llerenas
- Population Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Avenida Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico.
| | - Aaron Salinas-Rodríguez
- Evaluation and Surveys Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Avenida Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico.
| | - Eduardo C Lazcano-Ponce
- Population Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Avenida Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico.
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- Population Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Avenida Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico; Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd. NE Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
| | - Edelmiro Pérez-Rodríguez
- Hospital Universitario, Dr. José Eleuterio González, Gonzalitos 235, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
| | - Lourdes Flores-Luna
- Population Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Avenida Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico.
| | - Gabriela Torres-Mejía
- Population Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Avenida Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico.
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206
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Gallez A, Palazzo C, Blacher S, Tskitishvili E, Noël A, Foidart JM, Evrard B, Pequeux C, Piel G. Liposomes and drug-in-cyclodextrin-in-liposomes formulations encapsulating 17β-estradiol: An innovative drug delivery system that prevents the activation of the membrane-initiated steroid signaling (MISS) of estrogen receptor α. Int J Pharm 2019; 573:118861. [PMID: 31765774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The encapsulation into liposomes of several types of molecules presents the advantages to protect the activity of these molecules and to target specific tissues. Nevertheless, a major obstacle remains the incomplete understanding of nano-bio interactions. Specifically, the impact that inclusion of drug into liposomes or of drug-in-cyclodextrin-in liposomes (DCL) could have on the molecular and cellular mechanism of drug action is largely unknown. As a proof of concept, we evaluated the impact of 17β-estradiol (E2) included into liposomes or DCL on estrogen receptor (ER)α signaling pathways. Indeed, ERα relays the pleiotropic actions of E2 in physiology and pathophysiology through two major pathways: (1) the genomic/nuclear effects associated to the transcriptional activity of the ERα and (2) the rapid/nongenomic/membrane-initiated steroid signaling (MISS) effects related to the induction of fast signaling pathways occurring when ERα is anchored to the plasma membrane. We evidenced that the inclusion of E2 into liposomes (Lipo-E2) or into DCL (DCL-E2) prevented the activation of the rapid/nongenomic/extranuclear/MISS pathway of ERα, while the activation of the genomic/nuclear pathway was maintained. These results support that Lipo-E2 and DCL-E2 could be a useful tool to delineate the complex molecular mechanisms associated to ERα. In conclusion, this study supports the notion that inclusion of drugs into liposomes or DCL could modify some specific pathways of their molecular and cellular mechanisms of action. These results emphasized that attention should be paid to nano-bio interactions induced by the use of nanovectors in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gallez
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology (LBTD), GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Quartier hôpital, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Claudio Palazzo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy (LTPB), Nanomedicine Development, CIRM, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Silvia Blacher
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology (LBTD), GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Quartier hôpital, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Ekaterine Tskitishvili
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology (LBTD), GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Quartier hôpital, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Agnès Noël
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology (LBTD), GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Quartier hôpital, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Jean-Michel Foidart
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology (LBTD), GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Quartier hôpital, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Brigitte Evrard
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy (LTPB), Nanomedicine Development, CIRM, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Christel Pequeux
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology (LBTD), GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Quartier hôpital, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Geraldine Piel
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy (LTPB), Nanomedicine Development, CIRM, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.
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207
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Bellemin-Laponnaz S. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Platinum Complexes: A Big Step Forward for Effective Antitumor Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Bellemin-Laponnaz
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg; IPCMS; CNRS Université de Strasbourg; 23, rue du Loess 67034 Strasbourg France
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208
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Binding partners of NRF2: Functions and regulatory mechanisms. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 678:108184. [PMID: 31733215 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
NRF2 is a redox-sensitive transcription factor that plays an important role in protecting organisms against diverse types of electrophiles or oxidants. The level of NRF2 is maintained low in normal cells, but highly elevated in cancer provoking chemoresistance or radioresistance. It is now recognized that NRF2 does not merely maintain the redox balance, but also plays significant roles in autophagy, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and stem cell differentiation, all of which could be possibly attributable to the existence of multiple binding proteins. In the present manuscript, we summarize direct binding partners of NRF2 and illustrate how they bind to NRF2 and regulate its stability or activity.
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209
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Ramsey JT, Li Y, Arao Y, Naidu A, Coons LA, Diaz A, Korach KS. Lavender Products Associated With Premature Thelarche and Prepubertal Gynecomastia: Case Reports and Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Activities. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:5393-5405. [PMID: 31393563 PMCID: PMC6773459 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Previous case reports associated prepubertal gynecomastia with lavender-containing fragrances, but there appear to be no reports of premature thelarche. OBJECTIVE To add to a case series about lavender-fragranced product use and breast growth in children and to measure endocrine-disrupting chemical activity of essential oil components. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS Patients experiencing premature thelarche or prepubertal gynecomastia with continuous exposure to lavender-fragranced products were evaluated in the pediatric endocrinology departments of two institutions. Mechanistic in vitro experiments using eight components of lavender and other essential oils were performed at National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Case reports and in vitro estrogen and androgen receptor gene expression activities in human cell lines with essential oils. RESULTS Three prepubertal girls and one boy with clinical evidence of estrogenic action and a history of continuous exposure to lavender-containing fragrances were studied. Breast growth dissipated in all patients with discontinuation of the fragranced products. Some of the components tested elicited estrogenic and antiandrogenic properties of varying degrees. CONCLUSION We report cases of premature thelarche that resolved upon cessation of lavender-containing fragrance exposure commonly used in Hispanic communities. The precise developmental basis for such conditions could be multifactorial. In vitro demonstration of estrogenic and antiandrogenic properties of essential oil components suggests essential oils in these cases could be considered a possible source and supports a possible link with idiopathic prepubertal breast development. Whether the level of lavender oil estrogenic potency is sufficient to cause these effects is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tyler Ramsey
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
- Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, North Carolina
| | - Yin Li
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Yukitomo Arao
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Ajanta Naidu
- University of California, Irvine Health, Pediatric Endocrinology, Irvine, California
| | - Laurel A Coons
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Alejandro Diaz
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Nicklaus Children’s Hospital, Miami, Florida
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Kenneth S. Korach, PhD, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 111 Alexander Drive, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. E-mail:
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210
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Guo D, Liu X, Zeng C, Cheng L, Song G, Hou X, Zhu L, Zou K. Estrogen receptor β activation ameliorates DSS-induced chronic colitis by inhibiting inflammation and promoting Treg differentiation. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 77:105971. [PMID: 31678865 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER) β activation has anti-inflammatory activity. However, its effect on the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the underlying mechanism have not been clarified. This study aimed to assess the clinical value of ERβ+CD4+ T cells in IBD patients and examine the anti-inflammatory role of ERβ activation in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced chronic colitis in mice. We investigated the effects of ERB041 (an ERβ-specific agonist) on inflammatory cytokines and pro-inflammatory T-cell and regulatory T-cell (Treg) responses in murine colitis. We tested the role of ERβ activation on Treg differentiation and its activity to suppress T-cell proliferation in vitro. We found that reduced frequency of circulating ERβ+CD4+ T cells in IBD patients was negatively correlated with inflammation and disease severity. ERβ and FoxP3 expression co-localized in the intestinal tissues of IBD patients. Treatment with ERB041 significantly mitigated colitis-induced weight loss, inflammation, and disease severity. It also restored the ERβ+CD4+ T cell population in the spleen and colon lamina propria of these mice. ERB041 treatment inhibited CD4+CD25- and CD8+ T cell infiltration and restored Tregs and activated T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT)+ Tregs in the colon lamina propria. In vitro, we found that ERβ activation enhanced Treg differentiation, immunosuppression, and TGF-β1/Smad signaling in CD4+ T cells. Our data suggest that ERβ+CD4+ T cells represent a potential biomarker for evaluating IBD disease severity, and ERβ activation may be valuable for the treatment of IBD by enhancing the Treg response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Guo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Cui Zeng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ling Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Gengqing Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Liangru Zhu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Kaifang Zou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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211
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Walsh-Wilkinson E, Beaumont C, Drolet MC, Roy ÈM, Le Houillier C, Beaudoin J, Arsenault M, Couet J. Effects of the loss of estrogen on the heart's hypertrophic response to chronic left ventricle volume overload in rats. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7924. [PMID: 31656705 PMCID: PMC6812667 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) can result in heart failure from chronic overloading of the left ventricle (LV). Little is known of the role of estrogens in the LV responses to this condition. The aim of the study was to compare LV remodeling in female rats with severe AR in absence of estrogens by ovariectomy (Ovx). In a first study, we investigated over 6 months the development of hypertrophy in four groups of female Wistar rats: AR or sham-operated (sham) and Ovx or not. Ovx reduced normal heart growth. As expected, volume overload (VO) from AR resulted in significant LV dilation (42% and 32% increase LV end-diastolic diameter in intact and Ovx groups vs. their respective sham group; p < 0.0001). LV weight was also significantly and similarly increased in both AR groups (non-Ovx and Ovx). Increase in stroke volume or cardiac output and loss of systolic function were similar between AR intact and AR Ovx groups compared to sham. We then investigated what were the effects of 17beta-estradiol (E2; 0.03 mg/kg/day) treatment on the parameters studied in Ovx rats. Ovx reduced uterus weight by 85% and E2 treatment restored up to 65% of the normal weight. E2 also helped normalize heart size to normal values. On the other hand, it did not influence the extent of the hypertrophic response to AR. In fact, E2 treatment further reduced LV hypertrophy in AR Ovx rats (41% over Sham Ovx + E2). Systolic and diastolic functions parameters in AR Ovx + E2 were similar to intact AR animals. Ovx in sham rats had a significant effect on the LV gene expression of several hypertrophy markers. Atrial natriuretic peptide (Nppa) gene expression was reduced by Ovx in sham-operated females whereas brain natriuretic peptide (Nppb) expression was increased. Alpha (Myh6) and beta (Myh7) myosin heavy chain genes were also significantly modulated by Ovx in sham females. In AR rats, LV expression of both Nppa and Nppb genes were increased as expected. Ovx further increased it of AR rats for Nppa and did the opposite for Nppb. Interestingly, AR in Ovx rats had only minimal effects on Myh6 and Myh7 genes whereas they were modulated as expected for intact AR animals. In summary, loss of estrogens by Ovx in AR rats was not accompanied by a worsening of hypertrophy or cardiac function. Normal cardiac growth was reduced by Ovx in sham females but not the hypertrophic response to AR. On the other hand, Ovx had important effects on LV gene expression both in sham and AR female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Walsh-Wilkinson
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Beaumont
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Drolet
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Ève-Marie Roy
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Charlie Le Houillier
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Beaudoin
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie Arsenault
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jacques Couet
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Zhou XD, Shi DD, Zhang ZJ. Ameliorative effects of Radix rehmanniae extract on the anxiety- and depression-like symptoms in ovariectomized mice: A behavioral and molecular study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 63:153012. [PMID: 31301535 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menopause is closely associated with the risk of anxiety and depression in a woman's life. Despite the numerous reports on the effects of Radix rehmanniae extract (RRE) on various types of depression, there are few studies exploring the effects of RRE on the menopausal anxiety and depression. PURPOSE To investigate whether RRE could alleviate the menopausal anxiety and depression in ovariectomized (OVX) mice submitted to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). METHODS OVX mice were treated with 2.6 g/kg RRE for 5 weeks. After a series of behavior tests, serum, uterus, and brain tissues were collected for the measurement of neurotransmitters and their related biomarkers, neurotrophins, and estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ). RESULTS RRE showed antidepressant and anxiolytic effects through these behavior tests, but had no effects on the OVX-induced weight gains, uterine shrinkage and drop of serum estrogen level. RRE restored the levels of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA) and its metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), Glutamate (Glu), gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and their related biomarkers in different brain regions. RRE also reversed OVX-induced decrease in the expression levels of neurotrophins in uterus and brain regions except for uterine nerve growth factor (NGF). Moreover, RRE restored and even enhanced ERβ expression levels in uterus and brain without affecting uterine, hippocampal and cortical ERα. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of RRE in OVX mice, which were possibly mediated via their modulation of brain neurotransmitters, and regulation of neurotrophins and activation of ERβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Dan Zhou
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dong-Dong Shi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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Zhou XD, Shi DD, Wang HN, Tan QR, Zhang ZJ. Aqueous extract of lily bulb ameliorates menopause-like behavior in ovariectomized mice with novel brain-uterus mechanisms distinct from estrogen therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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214
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Javan MR, Khosrojerdi A, Moazzeni SM. New Insights Into Implementation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cancer Therapy: Prospects for Anti-angiogenesis Treatment. Front Oncol 2019; 9:840. [PMID: 31555593 PMCID: PMC6722482 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment interacts with tumor cells, establishing an atmosphere to contribute or suppress the tumor development. Among the cells which play a role in the tumor microenvironment, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to possess the ability to orchestrate the fate of tumor cells, drawing the attention to the field. MSCs have been considered as cells with double-bladed effects, implicating either tumorigenic or anti-tumor activity. On the other side, the promising potential of MSCs in treating human cancer cells has been observed from the clinical studies. Among the beneficial characteristics of MSCs is the natural tumor-trophic migration ability, providing facility for drug delivery and, therefore, targeted treatment to detach tumor and metastatic cells. Moreover, these cells have been the target of engineering approaches, due to their easily implemented traits, in order to obtain the desired expression of anti-angiogenic, anti-proliferative, and pro-apoptotic properties, according to the tumor type. Tumor angiogenesis is the key characteristic of tumor progression and metastasis. Manipulation of angiogenesis has become an attractive approach for cancer therapy since the introduction of the first angiogenesis inhibitor, namely bevacizumab, for metastatic colorectal cancer therapy. This review tries to conclude the approaches, with focus on anti-angiogenesis approach, in implementing the MSCs to combat against tumor cell progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Javan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Khosrojerdi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Moazzeni
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Novella S, Pérez‐Cremades D, Mompeón A, Hermenegildo C. Mechanisms underlying the influence of oestrogen on cardiovascular physiology in women. J Physiol 2019; 597:4873-4886. [DOI: 10.1113/jp278063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Novella
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Valenciaand INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute Valencia Spain
| | - Daniel Pérez‐Cremades
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Valenciaand INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute Valencia Spain
| | - Ana Mompeón
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Valenciaand INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute Valencia Spain
| | - Carlos Hermenegildo
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Valenciaand INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute Valencia Spain
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216
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ZO-2 Is a Master Regulator of Gene Expression, Cell Proliferation, Cytoarchitecture, and Cell Size. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174128. [PMID: 31450555 PMCID: PMC6747478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ZO-2 is a cytoplasmic protein of tight junctions (TJs). Here, we describe ZO-2 involvement in the formation of the apical junctional complex during early development and in TJ biogenesis in epithelial cultured cells. ZO-2 acts as a scaffold for the polymerization of claudins at TJs and plays a unique role in the blood–testis barrier, as well as at TJs of the human liver and the inner ear. ZO-2 movement between the cytoplasm and nucleus is regulated by nuclear localization and exportation signals and post-translation modifications, while ZO-2 arrival at the cell border is triggered by activation of calcium sensing receptors and corresponding downstream signaling. Depending on its location, ZO-2 associates with junctional proteins and the actomyosin cytoskeleton or a variety of nuclear proteins, playing a role as a transcriptional repressor that leads to inhibition of cell proliferation and transformation. ZO-2 regulates cell architecture through modulation of Rho proteins and its absence induces hypertrophy due to inactivation of the Hippo pathway and activation of mTOR and S6K. The interaction of ZO-2 with viral oncoproteins and kinases and its silencing in diverse carcinomas reinforce the view of ZO-2 as a tumor regulator protein.
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217
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Krela-Kaźmierczak I, Skrzypczak-Zielińska M, Kaczmarek-Ryś M, Michalak M, Szymczak-Tomczak A, Hryhorowicz ST, Szalata M, Łykowska-Szuber L, Eder P, Stawczyk-Eder K, Tomczak M, Słomski R, Dobrowolska A. ESR1 Gene Variants Are Predictive of Osteoporosis in Female Patients with Crohn's Disease. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091306. [PMID: 31450614 PMCID: PMC6780775 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreased bone mass in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is a clinical problem with extremely severe consequences of osteoporotic fractures. Despite its increasing prevalence and the need for mandatory intervention and monitoring, it is often ignored in IBD patients’ care. Determining the biomarkers of susceptibility to bone mineral density disorder in IBD patients appears to be indispensable. We aim to investigate the impact of estrogen receptor gene (ESR1) gene polymorphisms on bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), as they may contribute both, to osteoporosis and inflammatory processes. We characterised 197 patients with IBD (97 with UC, 100 with CD), and 41 controls carrying out vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus serum levels, and bone mineral density assessment at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), ESR1 genotyping and haplotype analysis. We observed that women with CD showed the lowest bone density parameters, which corresponded to the ESR1 c.454-397T and c.454-351A allele dose. The ESR1 gene PvuII and XbaI TA (px) haplotype correlated with decreased femoral neck T-score (OR = 2.75, CI = [1.21–6.27], P-value = 0.016) and may be predictive of osteoporosis in female patients with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Krela-Kaźmierczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Marta Kaczmarek-Ryś
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Michał Michalak
- Department of Computer Sciences and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 7, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szymczak-Tomczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Szymon T Hryhorowicz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marlena Szalata
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Liliana Łykowska-Szuber
- Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Eder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Kamila Stawczyk-Eder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Tomczak
- Department of Psychology, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ryszard Słomski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dobrowolska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
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218
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Total Polysaccharides of Lily Bulb Ameliorate Menopause-Like Behavior in Ovariectomized Mice: Multiple Mechanisms Distinct from Estrogen Therapy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:6869350. [PMID: 31428228 PMCID: PMC6683782 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6869350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study has demonstrated the effects of aqueous extract of lily bulb in alleviating menopause-related psychiatric symptoms in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. This study sought to further investigate the psychotropic effects of total polysaccharides of lily bulb (TPLB) against anxiety, depression, and cognitive deterioration and the underlying mechanisms in OVX mice using behavioral, neurochemical, molecular, and proteomic approaches in comparison with estrogen therapy. While TPLB and estradiol showed similar effects in reducing OVX-induced anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment, the psychotropic effects of TPLB were more closely associated with the predominant activation of estrogen receptors (ERs) and regulation of brain regional neurotransmitters and neurotrophins with minor effects on the uterus. Estradiol had similar potencies in binding affinity at ERα and ERβ, which caused widespread genetic and epigenetic effects. In contrast, TPLB displayed a higher affinity at ERβ than ERα, triggering the specific Ras/Akt/ERK/CREB signaling pathway without affecting any epigenetic activity. TPLB additionally modulated multiple proteins associated with mitochondrial oxidative stress, but estradiol did not. These results indicate that TPLB has comparable efficacy in reducing menopause-associated neuropsychological symptoms with a better safety profile compared to estrogen therapy. We suggest that TPLB could serve as a novel agent for menopause syndrome.
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219
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Estrogen and EGFR Pathways Regulate Notch Signaling in Opposing Directions for Multi-Ciliogenesis in the Fallopian Tube. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080933. [PMID: 31430961 PMCID: PMC6721734 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The lumen of the fallopian tube (FT) is lined with columnar epithelium composed of secretory and ciliated cells, both of which are important for reproduction. However, the molecular mechanism regulating cell fate remains controversial. In this study, we established a primary culture system using porcine fallopian tube epithelial cells (FTECs) to study the differentiation mechanism. We found that estrogen promoted the differentiation of multi-ciliated cells (MCCs) through estrogen receptor β, following the reduction of DLL1, a ligand of Notch. Meanwhile, epidermal growth factor (EGF), a regulator of epithelial homeostasis and differentiation, suppressed ciliogenesis by the activation of Notch signaling. However, the estrogen pathway did not affect the activation of the EGF pathway. Taken together, the differentiation of MMCs in FT depends on the balance of EGF and estrogen signaling, either of which inhibits or stimulates the Notch signaling pathway respectively.
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220
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Whitman NA, Lin ZW, Kenney RM, Albertini L, Lockett MR. Hypoxia differentially regulates estrogen receptor alpha in 2D and 3D culture formats. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 671:8-17. [PMID: 31163125 PMCID: PMC6688900 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature in solid tumors. Clinical samples show a positive correlation between the expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor HIF-1α and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and a negative correlation between HIF-1α and hormone sensitivity. Results from monolayer cultures are in contention with clinical observations, showing that ER (+) cell lines no longer express ERα under hypoxic conditions (1% O2). Here, we compared the impact of hypoxia on the ERα signaling pathway for T47D cells in a 2D and 3D culture format. In the 2D format, the cells were cultured as monolayers. In the 3D format, paper-based scaffolds supported cells suspended in a collagen matrix. Using ELISA, Western blot, and immunofluorescence measurements, we show that hypoxia differentially regulates ERα protein levels in a culture environment-dependent manner. In the 2D format, the protein levels are significantly decreased in hypoxia. In the 3D format, the protein levels are maintained in hypoxia. Hypoxia reduced ERα transcriptional activation in both culture formats. These results highlight the importance of considering tissue dimensionality for in vitro studies. They also show that ERα protein levels in hypoxia are not an accurate indicator of ERα transcriptional activity, and confirm that a positive stain for ERα in a clinical sample may not necessarily indicate hormone sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Whitman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - Zhi-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - Rachael M Kenney
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - Leonardo Albertini
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - Matthew R Lockett
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7295, USA.
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221
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Samani M, Kordi Yoosefinejad A, Campos MH, de Lira CAB, Motealleh A. Changes in Knee Vastii Muscle Activity in Women with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome During the Menstrual Cycle. PM R 2019; 12:382-390. [PMID: 31408276 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in hormonal levels during the menstrual cycle are known to affect muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity, but no studies have investigated the effect of hormonal changes on the EMG activity of muscles around the knee in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the EMG activity of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles during toe rise and heel rock tasks in different phases of the menstrual cycle in women with PFPS. DESIGN Cross sectional study. SETTING Rehabilitation Research Center at the School of Rehabilitation Sciences of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. PARTICIPANTS Ten women with PFPS between 18 and 40 years of age. INTERVENTION Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The VL/VMO amplitude ratio and differences between onset (onset VL-onset VMO) of vastii muscle activity were measured in the affected limb during rise and rock tasks in the follicular and ovulatory phases of the menstrual cycle. The signals were analyzed with MATLAB software. RESULTS During both tasks, there were no significant changes in onset differences in vastii muscles between the ovulatory and follicular phases. However, the amplitude ratio (VL/VMO) was significantly lower in the ovulatory phase compared to the follicular phase (P = .035 for rise tasks and .010 for rock tasks). CONCLUSION The menstrual cycle may affect some EMG parameters. These factors can be taken into account when planning sports and rehabilitation training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahbobeh Samani
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amin Kordi Yoosefinejad
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mario H Campos
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Claudio A B de Lira
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Alireza Motealleh
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Pelch KE, Li Y, Perera L, Thayer KA, Korach KS. Characterization of Estrogenic and Androgenic Activities for Bisphenol A-like Chemicals (BPs): In Vitro Estrogen and Androgen Receptors Transcriptional Activation, Gene Regulation, and Binding Profiles. Toxicol Sci 2019; 172:23-37. [PMID: 31388671 PMCID: PMC6813750 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high production volume chemical widely used in plastics, food packaging, and many other products. It is well known that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC) might be harmful to human health due to interference with normal hormone actions. Recent studies report widespread usage and exposure to many BPA-like chemicals (BPs) that are structurally or functionally similar to BPA. However, the biological actions and toxicity of those BPs are still relatively unknown. To address this data gap, we used in vitro cell models to evaluate the ability of twenty-two BPs to induce or inhibit estrogenic and androgenic activity. BPA, Bisphenol AF (BPAF), bisphenol Z (BPZ), bisphenol C (BPC), tetramethyl bisphenol A (TMBPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol E (BPE), 4,4-bisphenol F (4,4-BPF), bisphenol AP (BPAP), bisphenol B (BPB), tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA), and benzylparaben (PHBB) induced estrogen receptor (ER)α and/or ERβ-mediated activity. With the exception of BPS, TCBPA, and PHBB, these same BPs were also androgen receptor (AR) antagonists. Only three BPs were found to be ER antagonists. Bisphenol P (BPP) selectively inhibited ERβ-mediated activity and 4-(4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)sulfonylphenol (BPS-MPE) and 2,4-bisphenol S (2,4-BPS) selectively inhibited ERα-mediated activity. None of the BPs induced AR mediated activity. In addition, we identify that the BPs can bind to ER or AR with varying degrees by a molecular modeling analysis. Taken together, these findings help us to understand the molecular mechanism of BPs and further consideration of their usage in consumer products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yin Li
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory
| | - Lalith Perera
- Genome Integrity and Structure Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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Bajusz D, Rácz A, Héberger K. Comparison of Data Fusion Methods as Consensus Scores for Ensemble Docking. Molecules 2019; 24:E2690. [PMID: 31344902 PMCID: PMC6695709 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ensemble docking is a widely applied concept in structure-based virtual screening-to at least partly account for protein flexibility-usually granting a significant performance gain at a modest cost of speed. From the individual, single-structure docking scores, a consensus score needs to be produced by data fusion: this is usually done by taking the best docking score from the available pool (in most cases- and in this study as well-this is the minimum score). Nonetheless, there are a number of other fusion rules that can be applied. We report here the results of a detailed statistical comparison of seven fusion rules for ensemble docking, on five case studies of current drug targets, based on four performance metrics. Sevenfold cross-validation and variance analysis (ANOVA) allowed us to highlight the best fusion rules. The results are presented in bubble plots, to unite the four performance metrics into a single, comprehensive image. Notably, we suggest the use of the geometric and harmonic means as better alternatives to the generally applied minimum fusion rule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Bajusz
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anita Rácz
- Plasma Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Károly Héberger
- Plasma Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
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Association of the ESR1 polymorphism with menopause and MLXIPL genetic variant influence serum uric acid levels in Slovak midlife women. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:1185-1192. [PMID: 31268920 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examines associations between the ESR1 (XbaI, PvuII) and the MLXIPL (rs3812316) gene polymorphisms, and uric acid (UA) levels in Slovak midlife women, subdivided according to their menopause status. METHODS We assessed a total of 362 women from 38 to 65 years of age. Women were recruited from different localities in the western and middle parts of Slovakia. Participants were interviewed during their medical examination at local health centers. They were investigated with respect to a variety of aspects such as medical, anthropometrical, and lifestyle. Participants provided a blood sample for biochemical analyses and DNA genotyping. The MLXIPL gene (rs3812316 SNP variant) and ESR1 gene (PvuII and XbaI) genotypes were then detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Data were analyzed using general linear models and multiple linear regression analyses to adjust for risk factors elevating the UA level such as fat mass (FM), triglycerides (TGs) and creatinine. RESULTS A positive association between MLXIPL and UA level was observed in the total sample of women after control for confounding covariates, including FM, TGs, and creatinine (P = 0.027). Women with the CC genotype had higher UA levels than the G-allele carriers (261.5 μmol/L ± 68.3 vs 241.1 μmol/L ± 55.1 P = 0.013). A statistically significant association was noticed between postmenopause status and the ESR1 XbaI genotype and their effect on UA (P = 0.028). The Bonferroni pairwise comparison determined that the G-allele carriers in the postmenopausal period had higher estimated UA marginal mean (269.7 μmol/L) than the AA-allele postmenopausal women (236.5 μmol/L) (P = 0.012). The estimated UA marginal mean showed a significant increasing trend according to the MS in G allele carriers (248.5 μmol/L in pre/peri-menopausal vs 269.7 μmol/L in postmenopausal, P = 0.009). In contrast, a decreasing trend was observed in AA carriers (250.6 μmol/L in pre/perimenopausal women vs 236.5 μmol/L in postmenopausal). However, this trend was not statistically significant (P = 0.288). CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study suggests that MLXIPL (rs3812316) polymorphism is associated with higher serum UA levels and that the ESR1 (XbaI) polymorphism is associated with UA levels only in the postmenopausal cohort.
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Milon A, Kaczmarczyk M, Pawlicki P, Bilinska B, Duliban M, Gorowska-Wojtowicz E, Tworzydlo W, Kotula-Balak M. Do estrogens regulate lipid status in testicular steroidogenic Leydig cell? Acta Histochem 2019; 121:611-618. [PMID: 31126612 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study mouse Leydig cell (MA-10) were treated with G-protein coupled membrane estrogen receptor antagonist (G-15; 10 nM). Cells were analyzed by Western blotting for expression of estrogen-related receptors (ERRα, β and γ), steroidogenic markers (lutropin receptor; LHR and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; 3β-HSD) and lipid droplet markers (perilipin; PLIN and microtubule-associated protein 1 A/1B-light chain 3; LC3). Concomitantly, microscopic analyses by light microscope (immunofluorescent staining for lipid droplets, PLIN and LC3) as well as by electron microscope (for lipid droplet ultrastructure) were utilized. For analysis of cholesterol content, cAMP level and progesterone secretion, G-15, estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist (ICI 182,780; 10 μM), 17β-estradiol (10 mM) and, bisphenol A (BPA; 10 nM) were used alone or in combinations. We revealed no changes in ERRs expression but alterations in ERRβ and γ localization in G-15-treated cells when compared to control. Partial translocation of ERRβ and γ from the cell nucleus to cytoplasm was observed. Decreased expression of LHR, 3β-HSD, PLIN and LC3 was detected. Moreover, in treated cells large lipid droplets and differences in their distribution were found. Very strong signal of co-localization for PLIN and LC3 was found in treated cells when compared to control. In ultrastructure of treated cells, degenerating lipid droplets and double membrane indicating on presence of lipophagosome were observed. We found, that only (i) BPA and G-15 did not effect on cholesterol content, (ii) BPA, G-15 and ICI did not effect on cAMP level and (iii) BPA, ICI alone and in combination, and BPA with G-15 did not modulate progesterone secretion. These findings showed complex and diverse estrogen effects on mouse Leydig cells at various steps of steroid hormone production (cholesterol storage, release and processing). Lipid homeostasis and metabolism in these cells were affected by endogenous and exogenous estrogen, interactions of receptors (GPER, ER and ERR) and GPER and ER antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Milon
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Kaczmarczyk
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - P Pawlicki
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - B Bilinska
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Duliban
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - E Gorowska-Wojtowicz
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - W Tworzydlo
- Department of Developmental Biology and Invertebrate Morphology Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Kotula-Balak
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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226
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Mahamuni D, Shrinithivihahshini N. Inferring Bisphenol-A influences on estrogen-mediated signalling in estrogen and androgen receptors: an in silico approach. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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227
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Salvador F, Llorente A, Gomis RR. From latency to overt bone metastasis in breast cancer: potential for treatment and prevention. J Pathol 2019; 249:6-18. [PMID: 31095738 PMCID: PMC6771808 DOI: 10.1002/path.5292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastasis is present in a high percentage of breast cancer (BCa) patients with distant disease, especially in those with the estrogen receptor‐positive (ER+) subtype. Most cells that escape primary tumors are unable to establish metastatic lesions, which suggests that target organ microenvironments are hostile for tumor cells. This implies that BCa cells must achieve a process of speciation to adapt to the new conditions imposed in the new organ. Bone has unique characteristics that can be exploited by cancer cells: it undergoes constant remodeling and comprises diverse environments (including osteogenic, perivascular, and hematopoietic stem cell niches). This allows colonizing cells to take advantage of numerous adhesion molecules, matrix proteins, and soluble factors that facilitate homing, survival, and, eventually, metastatic outgrowth. However, in most cases, metastatic lesions enter into a latency state that can last months, years, or even decades, before forming a clinically detectable macrometastasis. This dormant state challenges the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy. Detecting which tumors are more prone to metastasize to bone and developing new specific therapies that target bone metastasis represent urgent clinical needs. Here, we review the biological mechanisms of BCa bone metastasis and provide the latest options of treatments and predictive markers that are currently in clinical use or are being tested in clinical assays. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Salvador
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger R Gomis
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain.,School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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228
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Cornel KMC, Bongers MY, Kruitwagen RPFM, Romano A. Local estrogen metabolism (intracrinology) in endometrial cancer: A systematic review. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 489:45-65. [PMID: 30326245 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common malignancy of the female gynaecological tract and increased exposure to estrogens is a risk factor. EC cells are able to produce estrogens locally using precursors like, among others, adrenal steroids present in the serum. This is referred to as local estrogen metabolism (or intracrinology) and consists of a complex network of multiple enzymes. Particular relevant to the final generation of active estrogens in endometrial cells are: steroid sulfatase (STS), estrogen sulfotransferase (SULT1E1), aromatase (CYP19A1), 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD17B) type 1 and type 2. During the last decades, a plethora of studies explored the level of these enzymes in EC but contrasting data were reported, which generated vigorous debate and controversies. Several reviews attempted at clarifying some of the debated issues, but published reviews are based on investigator-defined bibliography selection and not on systematic analysis. Therefore, we performed a systematic review of the literature reporting about the level of STS, SULT1E1, CYP19A1, HSD17B1 and HSD17B2 in EC. Additional intracrine enzymes and networks (e.g., HSD17Bs other than types 1 and 2, aldo-keto reductases, progesterone and androgen metabolism) were non-systematically reviewed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M C Cornel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - M Y Bongers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, the Netherlands
| | - R P F M Kruitwagen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - A Romano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands.
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229
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Zheng N, Hsieh E, Cai H, Shi L, Gu K, Zheng Y, Bao PP, Shu XO. Soy Food Consumption, Exercise, and Body Mass Index and Osteoporotic Fracture Risk Among Breast Cancer Survivors: The Shanghai Breast Cancer Survival Study. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2019; 3:pkz017. [PMID: 31157323 PMCID: PMC6527440 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer survivors have a high incidence of osteoporosis-related fractures; the associated factors are understudied. We investigated incidence of bone fracture and its associations with soy food consumption, exercise, and body mass index among breast cancer survivors. Methods This prospective study included 4139 stage 0–III breast cancer patients and 1987 pre-/perimenopausal and 2152 postmenopausal patients. Fractures were assessed at 18 months and at 3, 5, and 10 years after cancer diagnosis. Osteoporotic fractures were defined as fractures caused by falls from standing height and at sites associated with osteoporosis. Exercise and soy isoflavone intake were assessed at 6 and 18 months postdiagnosis. Weight and height were measured at baseline. Lifetable and Cox regression analyses were employed. All statistical tests were two sided. Results The 10-year incidence for osteoporotic fractures was 2.9% and 4.4% for pre-/perimenopausal and postmenopausal patients, respectively. High soy isoflavone intake was associated with reduced risk among pre-/perimenopausal patients (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.09 to 0.53, for soy isoflavone mg/d ≥56.06 vs <31.31; Ptrend < .001) but not among postmenopausal patients (Pinteraction < .01). Overweight (vs normal weight) was a risk factor for pre-/perimenopausal patients (HR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.04 to 3.14) but not for postmenopausal patients (HR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.43 to 1.03; Pinteraction = .01). Exercise was inversely associated with osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal patients (HR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.33 to 0.97, for metabolic equivalents hours ≥12.6 vs <4.5) following a dose-response pattern (Ptrend = .035), an association not modified by menopausal status. Conclusions Our findings, especially the novel association of soy food intake with osteoporotic fractures in breast cancer survivors, if confirmed, can help guide future strategies for fracture risk reduction in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Zheng
- Yale College, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Evelyn Hsieh
- Section of Rheumatology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Liang Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Gu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping-Ping Bao
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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230
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Bechmann N, Kniess T, Pietzsch J. Nitric Oxide-Releasing Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators: A Bifunctional Approach to Improve the Therapeutic Index. J Med Chem 2019; 62:6525-6539. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bechmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Torsten Kniess
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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231
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Saha T, Makar S, Swetha R, Gutti G, Singh SK. Estrogen signaling: An emanating therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 177:116-143. [PMID: 31129450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer, a most common malignancy in women, was known to be associated with steroid hormone estrogen. The discovery of estrogen receptor (ER) gave us not only a powerful predictive and prognostic marker, but also an efficient target for the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer with various estrogen ligands. ER consists of two subtypes i.e. ERα and ERβ, that are mostly G-protein-coupled receptors and activated by estrogen, specially 17β-estradiol. The activation is followed by translocation into the nucleus and binding with DNA to modulate activities of different genes. ERs can manage synthesis of RNA through genomic actions without directly binding to DNA. Receptors are tethered by protein-protein interactions to a transcription factor complex to communicate with DNA. Estrogens also exhibit nongenomic actions, a characteristic feature of steroid hormones, which are so rapid to be considered by the activation of RNA and translation. These are habitually related to stimulation of different protein kinase cascades. Majority of post-menopausal breast cancer is estrogen dependent, mostly potent biological estrogen (E2) for continuous growth and proliferation. Estrogen helps in regulating the differentiation and proliferation of normal breast epithelial cells. In this review we have investigated the important role of ER in development and progression of breast cancer, which is complicated by receptor's interaction with co-regulatory proteins, cross-talk with other signal transduction pathways and development of treatment strategies viz. selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), selective estrogen receptor down regulators (SERDs), aromatase and sulphatase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Saha
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, U.P, India
| | - Subhajit Makar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, U.P, India
| | - Rayala Swetha
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, U.P, India
| | - Gopichand Gutti
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, U.P, India
| | - Sushil K Singh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, U.P, India.
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232
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Yang F, Lin ZW, Huang TY, Chen TT, Cui J, Li MY, Hua YQ. Ligustilide, a major bioactive component of Angelica sinensis, promotes bone formation via the GPR30/EGFR pathway. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6991. [PMID: 31061445 PMCID: PMC6502875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43518-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels is a widely-used traditional Chinese herbal medicine in treating osteoporosis. Ligustilide (LIG) is the main component of A. sinensis and is considered to be the most effective biologically active ingredient in this plant. LIG has been found to have multiple pharmacological activities, such as anti-atherosclerosis, neuroprotection, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and analgesic. However, little is known regarding its anti-osteoporotic effects. The aims of this study were to investigate any protective effect of LIG on bone formation. The results showed that LIG significantly ameliorated inhibition of bone formation in zebrafish caused by prednisolone. LIG promoted osteoblast differentiation, including that of the pre-osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. LIG greatly improved the viability of MC3T3-E1 cells exposed to H2O2, attenuated H2O2-induced apoptosis and increased the expression of Bcl-2. Furthermore, LIG treatment lead to marked activation of phosphorylated EGFR and ERK1/2. These effects could be obviously inhibited by blocking GPR30 signaling with the specific inhibitor G15. Collectively, the results reveal that GPR30 is a positive switch for LIG to increase bone formation via regulation of EGFR, and these results provide evidence for the potential of LIG to treat osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Z W Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - T Y Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - T T Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - J Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - M Y Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Y Q Hua
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Bhardwaj P, Au CC, Benito-Martin A, Ladumor H, Oshchepkova S, Moges R, Brown KA. Estrogens and breast cancer: Mechanisms involved in obesity-related development, growth and progression. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 189:161-170. [PMID: 30851382 PMCID: PMC6502693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer after menopause. The pro-proliferative effects of estrogens are well characterized and there is a growing body of evidence to also suggest an important role in tumorigenesis. Importantly, obesity not only increases the risk of breast cancer, but it also increases the risk of recurrence and cancer-associated death. Aromatase is the rate-limiting enzyme in estrogen biosynthesis and its expression in breast adipose stromal cells is hypothesized to drive the growth of breast tumors and confer resistance to endocrine therapy in obese postmenopausal women. The molecular regulation of aromatase has been characterized in response to many obesity-related molecules, including inflammatory mediators and adipokines. This review is aimed at providing an overview of our current knowledge in relation to the regulation of estrogens in adipose tissue and their role in driving breast tumor development, growth and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Bhardwaj
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - CheukMan C Au
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | | | - Heta Ladumor
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA; Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ruth Moges
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Kristy A Brown
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA; Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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234
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Taskin O, Rikhraj K, Tan J, Sedlak T, Rowe TC, Bedaiwy MA. Link between Endometriosis, Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, and the Health of Women Midlife. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019; 26:781-784. [PMID: 31028947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) are both essentially diseases of inflammation. It is well established that inflammation is the leading mechanism in the initiation and maintenance of vascular injury and in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Thus, if women with endometriosis do indeed have increased general inflammation, they are at increased risk of developing microvascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Currently available evidence suggests that young female patients with proven endometriosis may be at a higher lifetime risk of developing cardiovascular disease; this may be unrecognized due to the relatively young age of women found to have endometriosis. Other mechanisms proposed to explain the link between endometriosis and ASCVD include similarities in the genetic underpinnings of each condition, including microRNA dysfunction and the association between endometriosis and early menopause, a risk for developing ASCVD. Although physicians today primarily focus on traditional risk factors when evaluating an individual female patient's risk of developing ASCVD, we believe that a history of endometriosis should be included as a possible risk factor and needs further exploration. A better understanding of the mechanisms linking endometriosis with ASCVD will hopefully guide the implementation of new therapies to mitigate the increased cardiovascular disease burden that patients with endometriosis might face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omur Taskin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Taskin, Tan, Rowe, and Bedaiwy and Ms. Rikhraj)
| | - Kiran Rikhraj
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Taskin, Tan, Rowe, and Bedaiwy and Ms. Rikhraj)
| | - Justin Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Taskin, Tan, Rowe, and Bedaiwy and Ms. Rikhraj)
| | - Tara Sedlak
- Department of Cardiology (Dr. Sedlak), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Timothy C Rowe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Taskin, Tan, Rowe, and Bedaiwy and Ms. Rikhraj)
| | - Mohamed A Bedaiwy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Taskin, Tan, Rowe, and Bedaiwy and Ms. Rikhraj).
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235
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Pepe G, Locati M, Della Torre S, Mornata F, Cignarella A, Maggi A, Vegeto E. The estrogen-macrophage interplay in the homeostasis of the female reproductive tract. Hum Reprod Update 2019; 24:652-672. [PMID: 30256960 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmy026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogens are known to orchestrate reproductive events and to regulate the immune system during infections and following tissue damage. Recent findings suggest that, in the absence of any danger signal, estrogens trigger the physiological expansion and functional specialization of macrophages, which are immune cells that populate the female reproductive tract (FRT) and are increasingly being recognized to participate in tissue homeostasis beyond their immune activity against infections. Although estrogens are the only female gonadal hormones that directly target macrophages, a comprehensive view of this endocrine-immune communication and its involvement in the FRT is still missing. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE Recent accomplishments encourage a revision of the literature on the ability of macrophages to respond to estrogens and induce tissue-specific functions required for reproductive events, with the aim to envision macrophages as key players in FRT homeostasis and mediators of the regenerative and trophic actions of estrogens. SEARCH METHODS We conducted a systematic search using PubMed and Ovid for human, animal (rodents) and cellular studies published until 2018 on estrogen action in macrophages and the activity of these cells in the FRT. OUTCOMES Our search identified the remarkable ability of macrophages to activate biochemical processes in response to estrogens in cell culture experiments. The distribution at specific locations, interaction with selected cells and acquisition of distinct phenotypes of macrophages in the FRT, as well as the cyclic renewal of these properties at each ovarian cycle, demonstrate the involvement of these cells in the homeostasis of reproductive events. Moreover, current evidence suggests an association between estrogen-macrophage signaling and the generation of a tolerant and regenerative environment in the FRT, although a causative link is still missing. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Dysregulation of the functions and estrogen responsiveness of FRT macrophages may be involved in infertility and estrogen- and macrophage-dependent gynecological diseases, such as ovarian cancer and endometriosis. Thus, more research is needed on the physiology and pharmacological control of this endocrine-immune interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Pepe
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, via Balzaretti, 9 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Locati
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Segrate, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, via fratelli Cervi, Segrate, Italy
| | - Sara Della Torre
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, via Balzaretti, 9 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Mornata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, via Balzaretti, 9 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Cignarella
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Largo Meneghetti 2, Padua, Italy
| | - Adriana Maggi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, via Balzaretti, 9 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Vegeto
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, via Balzaretti, 9 Milan, Italy
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236
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Okafor CD, Colucci JK, Ortlund EA. Ligand-Induced Allosteric Effects Governing SR Signaling. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.32527/2019/101382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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237
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ERα condensates: chronic stimulation is hard to ignore. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2019; 26:153-154. [PMID: 30833783 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-019-0198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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238
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Label-free quantification of protein expression in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in response to short-term exposure to heat stress. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 30:158-168. [PMID: 30851505 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are a cold-water salmonid species that is highly susceptible to heat stress. Summer temperature stress is a common issue in trout aquaculture. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of the heat-stress response in the trout, we used label-free quantitative proteome techniques to identify differentially expressed proteins in the livers of rainbow trout exposed to heat stress. We identified 3362 proteins and 152 differentially expressed proteins (p < 0.05; fold-change >2). Of these, 37 were uniquely expressed in the heat-stress group and 35 were uniquely expressed in the control group. In addition, 42 proteins were significantly upregulated (fold-change >2) and 38 proteins were significantly downregulated (fold-change >2). GO (Gene Ontology) analysis indicated that these differentially expressed proteins were primarily expressed in the nucleus, extracellular matrix, and cytoplasm, and were associated with a variety of functions, including protein binding/bridging and enzyme facilitation. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis of the differentially expressed proteins showed that, during high temperature stress, many biological processes were extensively altered, particularly the estrogen signaling pathway, the complement and coagulation cascades, and the platelet activation pathway. Our study focused on the identification of a systematic approach for the characterization of regulatory networks. Our results provide a framework for further studies of the heat-stress response in fish.
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239
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Mobini K, Tamaddon G, Fardid R, Keshavarzi M, Mohammadi-Bardbori A. Aryl hydrocarbon-estrogen alpha receptor-dependent expression of miR-206, miR-27b, and miR-133a suppress cell proliferation and migration in MCF-7 cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22304. [PMID: 30779469 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The underlying functions of miR-206, miR-133a, miR-27b, and miR-21, and their link to the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathways remain largely unexplored. In this study, we detect the expression of miR-206, miR-133a, miR-27b, and miR-21 in MCF-7 through quantificational real-time polymerase chain reaction assay along with the activation/inhibition of ERα and AhR receptors. Aside from this, cell proliferation and migration as well as AhR-dependent CYP1A1 enzyme activity were measured. Here, we found that the forced increased expression of miR-206, miR-133a, and miR-27b were closely associated with the suppression of MCF-7 cell proliferation and migration. The anti-proliferative-metastatic effect of miR-206, miR-133a, and miR-27b was probably mediated by targeting the ERα and AhR signaling pathways. Considered together, our study indicated that the overexpression of miR-206, miR-133a, and miR-27b might be potential biomarkers for prognosis and therapeutic strategies in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keivan Mobini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Tamaddon
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Shiraz, Iran.,Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Fardid
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Keshavarzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Afshin Mohammadi-Bardbori
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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240
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Yang L, Jeong KW. Flightless-I mediates the repression of estrogen receptor α target gene expression by the glucocorticoid receptor in MCF-7 cells. Endocr J 2019; 66:65-74. [PMID: 30369516 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej18-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The human homologue of flightless-I (FLII) belong to the gelsolin protein family and contain a gelsolin-like domain at the C-terminus and a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain at the N-terminus. FLII regulates estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-mediated transcription by direct interaction through different domains, suggestive of its potential role in the crosstalk between the ERα and GR signaling pathway. Here, we demonstrate that FLII plays a critical role in GR-mediated repression of ERα target gene expression. In FLII-depleted cells, the reduction in 17-β-estradiol (E2)-induced ERα occupancy following treatment with dexamethasone (Dex) at the estrogen responsive element (ERE) site of the ERα target gene was significantly inhibited. The ERE binding of GR by the cotreatment with E2 and Dex was significantly inhibited by FLII depletion, indicating that FLII is required for the recruitment of GR at the ERE sites of ERα target genes. In addition, the recruitment of ERα-induced FLII to ERE sites was significantly reduced by Dex treatment. In protein binding assays, GR inhibited the E2-induced interaction between ERα and FLII, suggesting that GR interferes with the binding of ERα and FLII at the ERα target genes, resulting in the release of ERα and FLII from EREs. Taken together, our data reveal an unknown mechanism by which the transcription coactivator FLII regulates the GR-mediated repression of ERα target gene expression in MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Won Jeong
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
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241
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Gökmen-Polar Y, Neelamraju Y, Goswami CP, Gu Y, Gu X, Nallamothu G, Vieth E, Janga SC, Ryan M, Badve SS. Splicing factor ESRP1 controls ER-positive breast cancer by altering metabolic pathways. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:embr.201846078. [PMID: 30665944 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201846078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial splicing regulatory proteins 1 and 2 (ESRP1 and ESRP2) control the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) splicing program in cancer. However, their role in breast cancer recurrence is unclear. In this study, we report that high levels of ESRP1, but not ESRP2, are associated with poor prognosis in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast tumors. Knockdown of ESRP1 in endocrine-resistant breast cancer models decreases growth significantly and alters the EMT splicing signature, which we confirm using TCGA SpliceSeq data of ER+ BRCA tumors. However, these changes are not accompanied by the development of a mesenchymal phenotype or a change in key EMT-transcription factors. In tamoxifen-resistant cells, knockdown of ESRP1 affects lipid metabolism and oxidoreductase processes, resulting in the decreased expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), and phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) at both the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, ESRP1 knockdown increases the basal respiration and spare respiration capacity. This study reports a novel role for ESRP1 that could form the basis for the prevention of tamoxifen resistance in ER+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesim Gökmen-Polar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yaseswini Neelamraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Chirayu P Goswami
- Department of Bioinformatics, Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yuan Gu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xiaoping Gu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gouthami Nallamothu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Edyta Vieth
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sarath C Janga
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michael Ryan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,In Silico Solutions, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Sunil S Badve
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA .,Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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242
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Brown AR, Green JM, Moreman J, Gunnarsson LM, Mourabit S, Ball J, Winter MJ, Trznadel M, Correia A, Hacker C, Perry A, Wood ME, Hetheridge MJ, Currie RA, Tyler CR. Cardiovascular Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Bisphenol A and Its Metabolite MBP in Zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:463-474. [PMID: 30520632 PMCID: PMC6333396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The plastic monomer bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the highest production volume chemicals in the world and is frequently detected in wildlife and humans, particularly children. BPA has been associated with numerous adverse health outcomes relating to its estrogenic and other hormonal properties, but direct causal links are unclear in humans and animal models. Here we simulated measured (1×) and predicted worst-case (10× ) maximum fetal exposures for BPA, or equivalent concentrations of its metabolite MBP, using fluorescent reporter embryo-larval zebrafish, capable of quantifying Estrogen Response Element (ERE) activation throughout the body. Heart valves were primary sites for ERE activation by BPA and MBP, and transcriptomic analysis of microdissected heart tissues showed that both chemicals targeted several molecular pathways constituting biomarkers for calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD), including extra-cellular matrix (ECM) alteration. ECM collagen deficiency and impact on heart valve structural integrity were confirmed by histopathology for high-level MBP exposure, and structural defects (abnormal curvature) of the atrio-ventricular valves corresponded with impaired cardiovascular function (reduced ventricular beat rate and blood flow). Our results are the first to demonstrate plausible mechanistic links between ERE activation in the heart valves by BPA's reactive metabolite MBP and the development of valvular-cardiovascular disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Ross Brown
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - Jon M. Green
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - John Moreman
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - Lina M. Gunnarsson
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - Sulayman Mourabit
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - Jonathan Ball
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - Matthew J. Winter
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - Maciej Trznadel
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - Ana Correia
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - Christian Hacker
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - Alexis Perry
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - Mark E. Wood
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - Malcolm J. Hetheridge
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
| | - Richard A. Currie
- Jealott’s
Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42
6EY, U.K.
| | - Charles R. Tyler
- Biosciences,
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K.
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243
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Kalaiarasi C, Manjula S, Kumaradhas P. Combined quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods to understand the charge density distribution of estrogens in the active site of estrogen receptors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:40758-40771. [PMID: 35542636 PMCID: PMC9076430 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08607b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ligand binding to protein and host–guest interactions are ubiquitous for molecular recognition. In drug design, the ligand binding to the active site of proteins is influenced by the charge density distribution and the electrostatic interactions of ligands and the nearby amino acids of the protein. The charge density analyses of ligand–protein complexes need accurate positions of hydrogen atoms and their valence electron distribution and the fine structure of proteins. Such information cannot be obtained from the conventional protein X-ray crystallography analysis in the resolution range of 1.5 to 3.5 Å. This can be realized from QM/MM based structure and charge density analysis of estrogens with the estrogen receptor. The charge density properties such as electron density, Laplacian of electron density and electrostatic properties of estrogens in the presence of active site amino acid residues have been determined and compared with the isolated estrogen molecules from theory and experimental. The present study reveals the chemical bonding nature of estrogen molecules and the strength of the intermolecular interactions in the active site of estrogen receptor, and also the importance of π⋯π interactions between the estrogens and Phe404 amino acid residue and protonation state of His524 amino acid residue have been identified using electrostatic potential maps. The difference in the electrostatic potential map of estrogens displays the hormone dependent actions of estrogen receptor. This method is very helpful to derive the charge density distribution of macromolecules to understand their biological recognition and interactions. The ligand binding to protein and host–guest interactions are ubiquitous for molecular recognition.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Kalaiarasi
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology
- Department of Physics
- Periyar University
- Salem-636 011
- India
| | - S. Manjula
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology
- Department of Physics
- Periyar University
- Salem-636 011
- India
| | - P. Kumaradhas
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology
- Department of Physics
- Periyar University
- Salem-636 011
- India
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244
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Mokale S, Sakle N, Lokwani D. Caesalpinia pulcherrima sarrests cell cycle and triggers reactive oxygen species-induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and necroptosis via modulating estrogen and estrogen receptors. Pharmacogn Mag 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_100_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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245
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Sachdeva G, Desouza J, Gadkar S, Jagtap D. Size, site, and signaling: Three attributes of estrogen receptors. BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/bmrj.bmrj_24_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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246
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Cancer of Reproductive System: Receptors and Targeting Strategies. TARGETED INTRACELLULAR DRUG DELIVERY BY RECEPTOR MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS 2019. [PMCID: PMC7122620 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-29168-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Carcinogenesis in the different organs of the reproductive system, particularly, prostate, ovarian, and cervical tissues, involves aberrant expression of various physiological receptors belonging to different superfamilies. This chapter provides insights into the physiological receptors that are associated with the genesis, progression, metastasis, management, as well as the prognosis of the cancers of the male and female reproductive systems. It also highlights the structural and binding characteristics of the highly predominant receptors, namely, androgen, estrogen, progesterone, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors, which are overexpressed in these cancers and discusses various strategies to target them.
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247
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Joseph S, Mahale SD. Endometriosis Knowledgebase: a gene-based resource on endometriosis. Database (Oxford) 2019; 2019:baz062. [PMID: 31169291 PMCID: PMC6551373 DOI: 10.1093/database/baz062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a complex, benign, estrogen-dependent gynecological disorder with an incidence of ~10% women in reproductive age. The implantation and growth of endometrial cells outside the uterus leads to the development of endometriosis. Endometriosis is also associated with comorbid conditions like cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. The absence of non-invasive diagnostic markers, delayed diagnosis, high risk of recurrence of the disease on surgical removal of the tissue and absence of a definitive cure for endometriosis makes it imperative to gain insights into the complex etiology of endometriosis. A plethora of genes identified from blood and endometrial biopsies, involved in different pathways like steroid metabolism, angiogenesis, inflammation, etc. have been associated with endometriosis. However, the exact mechanism and genetic etiology of endometriosis still remain unclear. The polygenic nature of the disease, incongruent phenotypic manifestations in different ethnic populations and information scattered in literature makes it difficult to delineate the sub-network of genes that will aid in disease diagnosis and effective treatment. Endometriosis Knowledgebase is a manually curated database with information on genes associated with endometriosis. It holds information on 831 genes, their associated polymorphisms, gene ontologys, pathways and diseases. Genes in the database are enriched in pathways important for cell signaling, immune regulation and reproduction. A genetic overlap is seen between endometriosis and cancers, endocrine/reproductive, nervous system, immune and metabolic diseases. Network analysis of genes in the Endometriosis Knowledgebase helped predict 13 new candidate genes for endometriosis. These genes were found to be enriched in biological processes associated with endometriosis. The Endometriosis Knowledgebase and incorporated tools for gene and sequence-based analysis will benefit both researchers and clinicians working in the realm of reproductive biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaini Joseph
- ICMR-Biomedical Informatics Center, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Smita D Mahale
- ICMR-Biomedical Informatics Center, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, India
- Division of Structural Biology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, India
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248
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Ofosu WA, Mohamed D, Corcoran O, Ojo OO. The Role of Oestrogen Receptor Beta (ERβ) in the Aetiology and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Diabetes Rev 2019; 15:100-104. [PMID: 29357808 DOI: 10.2174/1573399814666180119141836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Challenges facing the treatment of type 2 diabetes necessitate the search for agents which act via alternative pathways to provide better therapeutic outcomes. Recently, an increasing body of evidence implicates the activation of oestrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) in the development and treatment of underlying conditions in type 2 diabetes. This article summarizes available evidence for the involvement of oestrogen receptors in insulin secretion, insulin resistance as well as glucose uptake and highlights the potential of ERβ as a therapeutic target. BACKGROUND Recent studies indicate an association between the activation of each of the isoforms of ER and recent findings indicate that ERβ shows promise as a potential target for antidiabetic drugs. In vitro and in vivo studies in receptor knockout mice indicate beneficial actions of selective agonists of ERβ receptor and underscore its therapeutic potential. CONCLUSION Studies are needed to further elucidate the exact mechanism underlying the role of ERβ activation as a therapeutic approach in the management of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Amy Ofosu
- School of Health, Sport and Biosciences, College of Health and Communities, University of East London, Stratford, E15 4LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Dahir Mohamed
- School of Health, Sport and Biosciences, College of Health and Communities, University of East London, Stratford, E15 4LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Olivia Corcoran
- School of Health, Sport and Biosciences, College of Health and Communities, University of East London, Stratford, E15 4LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Opeolu Oyejide Ojo
- School of Health, Sport and Biosciences, College of Health and Communities, University of East London, Stratford, E15 4LZ, United Kingdom
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, United Kingdom
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249
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Arid J, Oliveira DB, Evangelista SS, Vasconcelos KRF, Dutra ALT, de Oliveira SS, de Queiroz AM, Nelson-Filho P, Vieira AR, Küchler EC. Oestrogen receptor alpha, growth hormone receptor, and developmental defect of enamel. Int J Paediatr Dent 2019; 29:29-35. [PMID: 30341791 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oestrogen (ES) and growth hormone (GH) are hormones that may have a role in caries aetiology and developmental defects of enamel (DDE) since their receptors (ERs and GHR) are expressed during amelogenesis. AIM To evaluate whether genetic polymorphisms in the genes that codify the ERα (ESR1) and GHR are associated with caries experience and DDE in children. DESIGN Two hundred and sixteen children of both genders, aged 9-12 years, were examined and classified according to caries and DDE phenotype. Genomic DNA was extracted from buccal cells in saliva. Genetic polymorphisms in ERS1 (rs1884051 and rs12154178) and GHR (rs297305, rs2940913, rs2910875, and rs1509460) were genotyped using TaqMan chemistry. Data were analysed by PLINK, while the chi-square test was used to compare allele and genotype distributions (alpha of 5%). RESULTS A total of 131 children (60.7%) had caries experience, and 43 (19.9%) presented DDE. Genotype and allele distributions were not associated with caries experience (P > 0.05). Genotype and allele distributions between DDE, affected and unaffected, were associated with the polymorphism rs12154178 in ESR1 (P = 0.01 and P = 0.001, respectively) and with the polymorphism rs1509460 in GHR (P = 0.05 and P = 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Genetic polymorphisms in ERS1 (rs12154178) and GHR (rs1509460) are associated with DDE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Arid
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela B Oliveira
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Silvane S Evangelista
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katia R F Vasconcelos
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André L T Dutra
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Sara S de Oliveira
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Alexandra M de Queiroz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Nelson-Filho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Erika C Küchler
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
As plant-derived natural products, saponins have been widely applied for the dietary modification of metabolic syndrome. However, the underlying mechanisms of their preventive and therapeutic effects are still largely unclear. Nuclear receptors have been identified as potential pharmaceutical targets for treating various types of metabolic disorders. With similar structure to endogenous hormones, several saponins may serve as selective ligands for nuclear receptors. Recently, a series of saponins are proved to exert their physiological activities through binding to nuclear receptors. This review summarizes the biological and pharmacological activities of typical saponins mediated by some of the most well described nuclear receptors, including the classical steroid hormone receptors (ER, GR, MR, and AR) and the adopted orphan receptors (PPAR, LXR, FXR, and PXR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiehua Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuning Zhong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tiezhu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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