201
|
El-Ashmawy NE, Al-Ashmawy GM, Hamouda SM. Long non-coding RNA FAM83H-AS1 as an emerging marker for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic targeting of cancer. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 39:350-356. [PMID: 33159470 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Incidence and mortality rates of cancer continue to increase greatly despite the improved diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Based on GLOBOCAN estimates, the numbers of new cancer cases reported in 2018 were ~18.1 million, while the numbers of cancer mortalities were ~9.6 million. It remains difficult to diagnose most cancer patients at early stages. Although cancer therapy market is rapidly evolving, the effectiveness of therapy is still inadequate. Therefore, exploring new biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment is essential for cancer management. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are unique regulatory molecules that control several cellular processes and are implicated in diverse human diseases including cancer. LncRNAs could serve as potential biomarkers for cancer patients to aid diagnosis and determine prognosis. In addition, numerous lncRNAs have proved their ability to predict response to cancer treatment. FAM83H antisense RNA 1 (FAM83H-AS1) is among those highly dysregulated lncRNAs in cancer. FAM83H-AS1 was demonstrated to participate in the progression of different malignancies and also shown to play a vital role in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Here, we analyse recent studies concerning the oncogenic role and molecular mechanisms of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 in the following cancer types: bladder, breast, lung, hepatocellular, colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, ovarian, cervical cancer as well as glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahla E El-Ashmawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Al-Ashmawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Sara M Hamouda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
New Target Therapies in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Review of the Literature and Future Perspectives. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113543. [PMID: 33153004 PMCID: PMC7693900 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Lung cancer (LC) is the most common neoplasm worldwide, and 85% of these tumors are classified as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). LC treatment was initially restricted to cytotoxic chemotherapy—platinum compounds associated with 3rd generation cytotoxic agents (paclitaxel, gemcitabine, pemetrexed) and, more recently, with monoclonal antibodies (bevacizumab, ramucirumab). Advancements in treatment are correlated with prolonged overall survival (OS). Current advances are focused on target therapies. Target agents: Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy consists of 1st and 2nd generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs such as erlotinib, afatinib). In 60% of cases, resistance to these TKIs occurs due to T790M mutation in EGFR, which is overcome 3rd generation drugs (osimertinib). Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is the target for drugs such as crizotinib, alectinib, ceritinib. Programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand serve as targets for immunotherapy agents such as pembrolizumab, nivolumab, atezolizumab. Discussion: Challenges in NSCLC treatment include resistance to 3rd generation TKIs, the high cost of ALK inhibitors, and the need for further research on new drugs.
Collapse
|
203
|
Frequent Germline and Somatic Single Nucleotide Variants in the Promoter Region of the Ribosomal RNA Gene in Japanese Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112409. [PMID: 33153169 PMCID: PMC7692307 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA), the most abundant non-coding RNA species, is a major component of the ribosome. Impaired ribosome biogenesis causes the dysfunction of protein synthesis and diseases called “ribosomopathies,” including genetic disorders with cancer risk. However, the potential role of rRNA gene (rDNA) alterations in cancer is unknown. We investigated germline and somatic single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the rDNA promoter region (positions −248 to +100, relative to the transcription start site) in 82 lung adenocarcinomas (LUAC). Twenty-nine tumors (35.4%) carried germline SNVs, and eight tumors (9.8%) harbored somatic SNVs. Interestingly, the presence of germline SNVs between positions +1 and +100 (n = 12; 14.6%) was associated with significantly shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) by univariate analysis (p < 0.05, respectively), and was an independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS by multivariate analysis. LUAC cell line PC9, carrying rDNA promoter SNV at position +49, showed significantly higher ribosome biogenesis than H1650 cells without SNV. Upon nucleolar stress induced by actinomycin D, PC9 retained significantly higher ribosome biogenesis than H1650. These results highlight the possible functional role of SNVs at specific sites of the rDNA promoter region in ribosome biogenesis, the progression of LUAC, and their potential prognostic value.
Collapse
|
204
|
LINC00857 Interacting with YBX1 to Regulate Apoptosis and Autophagy via MET and Phosphor-AMPKa Signaling. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 22:1164-1175. [PMID: 33312753 PMCID: PMC7701017 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00857 has been reported to be upregulated in lung cancer and related to poor patient survival. It can regulate cell proliferation and tumor growth in lung cancer as well as several other cancers. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that are regulated by LINC00857 are unclear. In this study, we found that LINC00857 silencing can impair cell proliferation in 14 different genomic alterations of lung cancer cell lines. These alterations are EGFR, KRAS, TP53, MET, and LKB1 mutations. The cell apoptosis and autophagy were induced upon LINC00857 silencing in lung cancer cells. Mechanistically, LINC00857 can bind to the Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) protein, prevent it from proteasomal degradation, and increase its nuclear translocation. LINC00857 regulated MET expression via YBX1 at a transcriptional level. Induced cell autophagy by LINC00857 knockdown was mainly through increased phosphor-AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK)a. Collectively, LINC00857-YBX1-MET/p-AMPKa signaling is critical to regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy, which may provide a potential clinically therapeutic target in lung cancer.
Collapse
|
205
|
Nakhaie M, Charostad J, Kaydani GA, Faghihloo E. The role of viruses in adenocarcinoma development. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 86:104603. [PMID: 33091575 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading public health issue that accounts for million deaths around the world every year. Human cancers contain over 100 types, which are categorized into different groups. Adenocarcinoma is one of those categories of cancer that begins from the glans and involves various tissues such as lung, esophagus, pancreas, prostate and colorectal. A range of risk factors has been identified for the development and progression of adenocarcinomas. One of these risk factors are viruses that serves special mechanisms to affect important host cell factors and tumorigenic pathways, contributing in development and promotion of adenocarcinomas. Here, we summarized the main viruses and their mechanisms implicated in the course of various adenocarcinomas development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Nakhaie
- Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Medical Microbiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Javad Charostad
- Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Microbiology, Shahid Sadoghi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran
| | - Gholam Abbas Kaydani
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Student Research Committee, School of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Faghihloo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
206
|
Predicting Deep Learning Based Multi-Omics Parallel Integration Survival Subtypes in Lung Cancer Using Reverse Phase Protein Array Data. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101460. [PMID: 33086649 PMCID: PMC7603376 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortality attributed to lung cancer accounts for a large fraction of cancer deaths worldwide. With increasing mortality figures, the accurate prediction of prognosis has become essential. In recent years, multi-omics analysis has emerged as a useful survival prediction tool. However, the methodology relevant to multi-omics analysis has not yet been fully established and further improvements are required for clinical applications. In this study, we developed a novel method to accurately predict the survival of patients with lung cancer using multi-omics data. With unsupervised learning techniques, survival-associated subtypes in non-small cell lung cancer were first detected using the multi-omics datasets from six categories in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The new subtypes, referred to as integration survival subtypes, clearly divided patients into longer and shorter-surviving groups (log-rank test: p = 0.003) and we confirmed that this is independent of histopathological classification (Chi-square test of independence: p = 0.94). Next, an attempt was made to detect the integration survival subtypes using only one categorical dataset. Our machine learning model that was only trained on the reverse phase protein array (RPPA) could accurately predict the integration survival subtypes (AUC = 0.99). The predicted subtypes could also distinguish between high and low risk patients (log-rank test: p = 0.012). Overall, this study explores novel potentials of multi-omics analysis to accurately predict the prognosis of patients with lung cancer.
Collapse
|
207
|
Interactive Verification Analysis of Multiple Sequencing Data for Identifying Potential Biomarker of Lung Adenocarcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8931419. [PMID: 33062704 PMCID: PMC7547331 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8931419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) comprises around 40% of all lung cancers, and in about 70% of patients, it has spread locally or systemically when first detected leading to a worse prognosis. Methods We filtered out differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on the RNA sequencing data in the Gene Expression Omnibus database and verified and deeply analyzed screened DEGs using a combined bioinformatics approach. Results Expressions of 11,143 genes in 694 nontumor lung tissues and LUAD cases from 8 independent laboratories were analyzed; 188 mRNAs were identified as differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A PPI network constructed with 188 DEGs screened out 8 hub DEGs (CDH5, PECAM1, VWF, CLDN5, COL1A1, MMP9, SPP1, and IL6) which highly interconnected with other nodes. The expression levels of 8 hub genes in LUAD and control were assessed in the Oncomine database, and the results were consistent. The survival curves of 8 hub genes showed that their expressions are significantly related to the prognosis of lung cancer and LUAD patients except for IL6. Since the expression of IL6 is nonspecific and highly sensitive, we choose the other 7 hub genes we had verified to do the next analysis. Mutual exclusivity or cooccurrence analysis of 7 hub genes identified a tendency towards cooccurrence between CDH5, PECAM1, and VWF in LUAD. The coexpression profiles of CDH5 in LUAD were identified, and we found that PECAM1 and VWF coexpressed with CDH5. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR analysis showed that higher levels of CDH5, PECAM1, and VWF were expressed in normal lung tissues but a low or undetectable level was found in LUAD tissues. Conclusions Taken together, we speculate that CDH5, PECAM1, and VWF played an important role in LUAD.
Collapse
|
208
|
Xing P, Yang N, Hu X, Mu Y, Wang S, Guo Y, Hao X, Hu X, Zhang X, Li J. The clinical significance of RET gene fusion among Chinese patients with lung cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:6455-6463. [PMID: 35117253 PMCID: PMC8797800 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background The incidence of lung cancer is growing fast in China, however, the prognosis remains dismal due to the limited therapeutic approaches. The “ret proto-oncogene mutation” (RET) fusions have been proven to be the driver gene in lung cancer development and the therapeutic target of several multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Methods We applied formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples of 39 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using the Lung Plasma panel covering 168 cancer-associated genes and performed capture-based targeted deep sequencing to identify the RET fusion partners and concurrent gene mutation with Miseq. The log-rank test was used to compare the survival difference of patients according to treatment strategies. Statistical analyses and graphs were performed using R language and GraphPad Prism. Results Most of the samples were advanced (stage IIIb and IV) lung adenocarcinomas (80.77%). KIF5B-RET fusions were identified in 52% of the samples and K15-E12 was the most common variant. 6 (15%) samples harbored concurrent TP53 mutation and 3 samples were positive with EGFR mutation including a mutation in exon 19. Of these patients included, ten received cabozantinib, two received anlotinib, and one received crizotinib. Two (20%; 0–45) samples achieved stable disease and two were progressed in the cabozantinib treated group. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4 months (95% CI: 3.2–4.8) and median overall survival (OS) was 25 months (95% CI: 1.5–48.5). Three (11.54%; 0–24) samples achieved partial response in patients without RET inhibitor treatment and 4 (15.38%; 2–29) were stable disease. The median PFS was 11 months (95% CI: 1.2–20.8). There was no significant difference in PFS and OS between groups with or without RET inhibitors treatment. Conclusion This study provided insight into the RET fusions patients treatment. The survival benefit of current RET inhibitors was limited. More precise and potent RET inhibitors should be developed in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puyuan Xing
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nong Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xue Hu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxin Mu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shouzheng Wang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yiying Guo
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuezhi Hao
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xingsheng Hu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Junling Li
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
209
|
Gowthami J, Gururaj N, Mahalakshmi V, Sathya R, Sabarinath TR, Doss DM. Genetic predisposition and prediction protocol for epithelial neoplasms in disease-free individuals: A systematic review. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2020; 24:293-307. [PMID: 33456239 PMCID: PMC7802851 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_348_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial neoplasm is an important global health-care problem, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential for increased life survival. Prediction of occurrence of malignancy in a disease-free individual by any means will be a great breakthrough for healthy living. Aims and Objectives The aims and objectives were to predict the genetic predisposition and propose a prediction protocol for epithelial malignancy of various systems in our body, in a disease-free individual. Methods We have searched databases both manually and electronically, published in English language in Cochrane group, Google search, MEDLINE and PubMed from 2000 to 2019. We have included all the published, peer-reviewed, narrative reviews; randomized controlled trials; case-control studies; and cohort studies and excluded the abstract-only articles and duplicates. Specific words such as "etiological factors," "pathology and mutations," "signs and symptoms," "genetics and IHC marker," and "treatment outcome" were used for the search. A total of 1032 citations were taken, and only 141 citations met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Results After analyzing various articles, the etiological factors, clinical signs and symptoms, genes and the pathology involved and the commonly used blood and tissue markers were analyzed. A basic investigation strategy using immunohistochemistry markers was established. Conclusion The set of proposed biomarkers should be studied in future to predict genetic predisposition in disease-free individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Gowthami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Gururaj
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Mahalakshmi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Sathya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T R Sabarinath
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Daffney Mano Doss
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
210
|
Zhou Y, Xu X, Song L, Wang C, Guo J, Yi Z, Li W. The application of artificial intelligence and radiomics in lung cancer. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2020; 3:214-227. [PMID: 35694416 PMCID: PMC8982538 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most leading causes of death throughout the world, and there is an urgent requirement for the precision medical management of it. Artificial intelligence (AI) consisting of numerous advanced techniques has been widely applied in the field of medical care. Meanwhile, radiomics based on traditional machine learning also does a great job in mining information through medical images. With the integration of AI and radiomics, great progress has been made in the early diagnosis, specific characterization, and prognosis of lung cancer, which has aroused attention all over the world. In this study, we give a brief review of the current application of AI and radiomics for precision medical management in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaojie Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiuyuan Xu
- Machine Intelligence Laboratory, College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lujia Song
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chengdi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jixiang Guo
- Machine Intelligence Laboratory, College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhang Yi
- Machine Intelligence Laboratory, College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Chang YW, Hsu CL, Tang CW, Chen XJ, Huang HC, Juan HF. Multiomics Reveals Ectopic ATP Synthase Blockade Induces Cancer Cell Death via a lncRNA-mediated Phospho-signaling Network. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:1805-1825. [PMID: 32788343 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra120.002219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib is commonly used for lung cancer patients. However, some patients eventually become resistant to gefitinib and develop progressive disease. Here, we indicate that ecto-ATP synthase, which ectopically translocated from mitochondrial inner membrane to plasma membrane, is considered as a potential therapeutic target for drug-resistant cells. Quantitative multi-omics profiling reveals that ecto-ATP synthase inhibitor mediates CK2-dependent phosphorylation of DNA topoisomerase IIα (topo IIα) at serine 1106 and subsequently increases the expression of long noncoding RNA, GAS5. Additionally, we also determine that downstream of GAS5, p53 pathway, is activated by ecto-ATP synthase inhibitor for regulation of programed cell death. Interestingly, GAS5-proteins interactomic profiling elucidates that GAS5 associates with topo IIα and subsequently enhancing the phosphorylation level of topo IIα. Taken together, our findings suggest that ecto-ATP synthase blockade is an effective therapeutic strategy via regulation of CK2/phospho-topo IIα/GAS5 network in gefitinib-resistant lung cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Chang
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lang Hsu
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Tang
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xiang-Jun Chen
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Cheng Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsueh-Fen Juan
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
212
|
Jung HY, Kim TH, Lee JE, Kim HK, Cho JH, Choi YS, Shin S, Lee SH, Rhee H, Lee HK, Choi HJ, Jang HY, Lee S, Kang JH, Choi YA, Lee S, Lee J, Choi YL, Kim J. PDX models of human lung squamous cell carcinoma: consideration of factors in preclinical and co-clinical applications. J Transl Med 2020; 18:307. [PMID: 32762722 PMCID: PMC7409653 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment of human lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) using current targeted therapies is limited because of their diverse somatic mutations without any specific dominant driver mutations. These mutational diversities preventing the use of common targeted therapies or the combination of available therapeutic modalities would require a preclinical animal model of this tumor to acquire improved clinical responses. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models have been recognized as a potentially useful preclinical model for personalized precision medicine. However, whether the use of LUSC PDX models would be appropriate enough for clinical application is still controversial. Methods In the process of developing PDX models from Korean patients with LUSC, the authors investigated the factors influencing the successful initial engraftment of tumors in NOD scid gamma mice and the retainability of the pathological and genomic characteristics of the parental patient tumors in PDX tumors. Conclusions The authors have developed 62 LUSC PDX models that retained the pathological and genomic features of parental patient tumors, which could be used in preclinical and co-clinical studies. Trial registration Tumor samples were obtained from 139 patients with LUSC between November 2014 and January 2019. All the patients provided signed informed consents. This study was approved by the institutional review board (IRB) of Samsung Medical Center (2018-03-110)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Yun Jung
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Ho Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Hong Kwan Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Ho Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Soo Choi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sumin Shin
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jung Hee Kang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Ae Choi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Lee
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology (ERCSB) and Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinseon Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Yoon La Choi
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jhingook Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
213
|
Alipoor B, Parvar SN, Sabati Z, Ghaedi H, Ghasemi H. An updated review of the H19 lncRNA in human cancer: molecular mechanism and diagnostic and therapeutic importance. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:6357-6374. [PMID: 32743775 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05695-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has reported that H19 long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression level is deregulated in human cancer. It has been also demonstrated that de-regulated levels of H19 could affect cancer biology by various mechanisms including microRNA (miRNA) production (like miR-675), miRNA sponging and epigenetic modifications. Furthermore, lncRNA could act as a potential diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers and also a candidate therapeutic approach for different human cancers. In this narrative review, we shed light on the molecular mechanism of H19 in cancer development and pathogenesis. Moreover, we discussed the expression pattern and diagnostic and therapeutic importance of H19 as a potential biomarker in a range of human malignancies from breast to osteosarcoma cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Alipoor
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Nasrin Parvar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Zolfaghar Sabati
- Student Research Committee, Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghaedi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Ghasemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
214
|
Śliwińska-Mossoń M, Wadowska K, Trembecki Ł, Bil-Lula I. Markers Useful in Monitoring Radiation-Induced Lung Injury in Lung Cancer Patients: A Review. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10030072. [PMID: 32722546 PMCID: PMC7565537 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2018, lung cancer was the most common cancer and the most common cause of cancer death, accounting for a 1.76 million deaths. Radiotherapy (RT) is a widely used and effective non-surgical cancer treatment that induces remission in, and even cures, patients with lung cancer. However, RT faces some restrictions linked to the radioresistance and treatment toxicity, manifesting in radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). About 30–40% of lung cancer patients will develop RILI, which next to the local recurrence and distant metastasis is a substantial challenge to the successful management of lung cancer treatment. These data indicate an urgent need of looking for novel, precise biomarkers of individual response and risk of side effects in the course of RT. The aim of this review was to summarize both preclinical and clinical approaches in RILI monitoring that could be brought into clinical practice. Next to transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) that was reported as one of the most important growth factors expressed in the tissues after ionizing radiation (IR), there is a group of novel, potential biomarkers—microRNAs—that may be used as predictive biomarkers in therapy response and disease prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Śliwińska-Mossoń
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Ś.-M.); (I.B.-L.)
| | - Katarzyna Wadowska
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Ś.-M.); (I.B.-L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Łukasz Trembecki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lower Silesian Oncology Center, pl. Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, pl. Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Bil-Lula
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Ś.-M.); (I.B.-L.)
| |
Collapse
|
215
|
Wieleba I, Wojas-Krawczyk K, Krawczyk P. Aptamers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143138. [PMID: 32659994 PMCID: PMC7396979 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aptamers are short, single-stranded oligonucleotides which are capable of specifically binding to single molecules and cellular structures. Aptamers are also known as “chemical antibodies”. Compared to monoclonal antibodies, they are characterized by higher reaction specificity, lower molecular weight, lower production costs, and lower variability in the production stage. Aptamer research has been extended during the past twenty years, but only Macugen® has been accepted by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to date, and few aptamers have been examined in clinical trials. In vitro studies with aptamers have shown that they may take part in the regulation of cancer progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis processes. In this article, we focus on the potential use of aptamers in non-small cell lung cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
216
|
Mohan A, Agarwal S, Clauss M, Britt NS, Dhillon NK. Extracellular vesicles: novel communicators in lung diseases. Respir Res 2020; 21:175. [PMID: 32641036 PMCID: PMC7341477 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01423-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lung is the organ with the highest vascular density in the human body. It is therefore perceivable that the endothelium of the lung contributes significantly to the circulation of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which include exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. In addition to the endothelium, EVs may arise from alveolar macrophages, fibroblasts and epithelial cells. Because EVs harbor cargo molecules, such as miRNA, mRNA, and proteins, these intercellular communicators provide important insight into the health and disease condition of donor cells and may serve as useful biomarkers of lung disease processes. This comprehensive review focuses on what is currently known about the role of EVs as markers and mediators of lung pathologies including COPD, pulmonary hypertension, asthma, lung cancer and ALI/ARDS. We also explore the role EVs can potentially serve as therapeutics for these lung diseases when released from healthy progenitor cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aradhana Mohan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Mail Stop 3007, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Stuti Agarwal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Mail Stop 3007, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Matthias Clauss
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep & Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Nicholas S Britt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Kansas School of Pharmacy, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Navneet K Dhillon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Mail Stop 3007, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA. .,Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
217
|
Hayashi M, Kuga A, Suzuki M, Panda H, Kitamura H, Motohashi H, Yamamoto M. Microenvironmental Activation of Nrf2 Restricts the Progression of Nrf2-Activated Malignant Tumors. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3331-3344. [PMID: 32636316 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-2888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Nrf2 activates transcription of cytoprotective genes during oxidative and electrophilic insults. Nrf2 activity is regulated by Keap1 in a stress-dependent manner in normal cells, and somatic loss-of-function mutations of Keap1 are known to induce constitutive Nrf2 activation, especially in lung adenocarcinomas, conferring survival and proliferative benefits to tumors. Therefore, several therapeutic strategies that aim to inhibit Nrf2 in tumors have been developed for the treatment of Nrf2-activated cancers. Here we addressed whether targeting Nrf2 activation in the microenvironment can suppress the progression of Nrf2-activated tumors. We combined two types of Keap1-flox mice expressing variable levels of Keap1 with a Kras-driven adenocarcinoma model to generate Keap1-deficient lung tumors surrounded by normal or Keap1-knockdown host cells. In this model system, activation of Nrf2 in the microenvironment prolonged the survival of Nrf2-activated tumor-bearing mice. The Nrf2-activated microenvironment suppressed tumor burden; in particular, preinvasive lesion formation was significantly suppressed. Notably, loss of Nrf2 in bone marrow-derived cells in Nrf2-activated host cells appeared to counteract the suppression of Nrf2-activated cancer progression. Thus, these results demonstrate that microenvironmental Nrf2 activation suppresses the progression of malignant Nrf2-activated tumors and that Nrf2 activation in immune cells at least partially contributes to these suppressive effects. SIGNIFICANCE: This study clarifies the importance of Nrf2 activation in the tumor microenvironment and in the host for the suppression of malignant Nrf2-activated cancers and proposes new cancer therapies utilizing inducers of Nrf2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Hayashi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ayumi Kuga
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mikiko Suzuki
- Center for Radioisotope Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Harit Panda
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitamura
- Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hozumi Motohashi
- Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
218
|
A Comprehensive Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy to Investigate Multiple Mechanisms of HeChan Tablet on Lung Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:7658342. [PMID: 32595734 PMCID: PMC7277035 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7658342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background HeChan tablet (HCT) is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation extensively prescribed to treat lung cancer in China. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of HCT on lung cancer remain to be elucidated. Methods A comprehensive network pharmacology-based strategy was conducted to explore underlying mechanisms of HCT on lung cancer. Putative targets and compounds of HCT were retrieved from TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM databases; related genes of lung cancer were retrieved from OMIM and DisGeNET databases; known therapeutic target genes of lung cancer were retrieved from TTD and DrugBank databases; PPI networks among target genes were constructed to filter hub genes by STRING. Furthermore, the pathway and GO enrichment analysis of hub genes was performed by clusterProfiler, and the clinical significance of hub genes was identified by The Cancer Genome Atlas. Result A total of 206 compounds and 2,433 target genes of HCT were obtained. 5,317 related genes of lung cancer and 77 known therapeutic target genes of lung cancer were identified. 507 unique target genes were identified among HCT-related genes of lung cancer and 34 unique target genes were identified among HCT-known therapeutic target genes of lung cancer. By PPI networks, 11 target genes AKT1, TP53, MAPK8, JUN, EGFR, TNF, INS, IL-6, MYC, VEGFA, and MAPK1 were identified as major hub genes. IL-6, JUN, EGFR, and MYC were shown to associate with the survival of lung cancer patients. Five compounds of HCT, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, beta-sitosterol, and baicalein were recognized as key compounds of HCT on lung cancer. The gene enrichment analysis implied that HCT probably benefitted patients with lung cancer by modulating the MAPK and PI3K-Akt pathways. Conclusion This study predicted pharmacological and molecular mechanisms of HCT against lung cancer and could pave the way for further experimental research and clinical application of HCT.
Collapse
|
219
|
Monteleone NJ, Lutz CS. miR-708-5p targets oncogenic prostaglandin E2 production to suppress a pro-tumorigenic phenotype in lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2020; 11:2464-2483. [PMID: 32655834 PMCID: PMC7335672 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many cancers maintain an inflammatory microenvironment to promote their growth. Lung cancer is of particular importance, as it is the deadliest cancer worldwide. One inflammatory pathway commonly dysregulated in cancer is the metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) by Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase 1 (mPGES-1) into Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). While researchers have identified PGE2's pro-tumorigenic functions, the mechanisms governing overexpression of COX-2 and mPGES-1 are incompletely understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important post-transcriptional regulators commonly dysregulated in cancer. Interestingly, miR-708-5p (miR-708) is predicted to target both COX-2 and mPGES-1. In this study, we show that high miR-708 expression is associated with survival rates in lung squamous cell carcinoma patients. miR-708 also represses PGE2 production by suppressing both COX-2 and mPGES-1 expression in lung cancer cells. miR-708 regulation of COX-2 and mPGES-1 is mediated through targeting of their 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). Moreover, miR-708 decreases proliferation, survival, and migration of lung cancer cells, which can be partially attributed to miR-708's inhibition of PGE2 signaling. Lastly, we identify novel miR-708 predicted targets and possible regulators of miR-708 expression in lung cancer. Collectively, these data demonstrate that dysregulated miR-708 expression contributes to exacerbated PGE2 production, leading to an enhanced pro-tumorigenic phenotype in lung cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Monteleone
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers Biomedical & Health Sciences, New Jersey Medical School, School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Carol S. Lutz
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers Biomedical & Health Sciences, New Jersey Medical School, School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| |
Collapse
|
220
|
Gasparri R, Sedda G, Noberini R, Bonaldi T, Spaggiari L. Clinical Application of Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics in Lung Cancer Early Diagnosis. Proteomics Clin Appl 2020; 14:e1900138. [PMID: 32418314 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The current knowledge on proteomic biomarker analysis for the early diagnosis of lung cancer is summarized, underlining the diversity among the results and the current interest in translating research results into clinical practice. A MEDLINE/PubMed literature search to retrieve all the papers published in the last 10 years is performed. Proteomics studies on lung cancer have gathered evidence on the potential role of biomarkers in early diagnosis. Although promising, none of them have proved to be sufficiently reliable to achieve validation. Future research should evolve toward a multipanel analysis of proteins, considering the possibility that individual biomarkers might not be specific enough to diagnose lung cancer, but could be related to oncological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gasparri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy
| | - Giulia Sedda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy
| | - Roberta Noberini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spaggiari
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono, Milan, 7 - 20122, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
221
|
Zhou X, Xu X, Tian Z, Xu WY, Cui Y. Mutational profiling of lung adenocarcinoma in China detected by next-generation sequencing. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:2277-2287. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03284-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
222
|
De Mello RA, Neves NM, Amaral GA, Lippo EG, Castelo-Branco P, Pozza DH, Tajima CC, Antoniou G. The Role of MET Inhibitor Therapies in the Treatment of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061918. [PMID: 32575417 PMCID: PMC7356188 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the second most common cancer globally. The mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) proto-oncogene can be targeted in NSCLC patients. Methods: We performed a literature search on PubMed in December 2019 for studies on MET inhibitors and NSCLC. Phase II and III clinical trials published in English between 2014 and 2019 were selected. Results: Data on MET inhibitors (tivantinib, cabozantinib, and crizotinib) and anti-MET antibodies (emibetuzumab and onartuzumab) are reported in the text. Conclusion: Emibetuzumab could be used for NSCLC cases with high MET expression. Further, studies on onartuzumab failed to prove its efficacy, while the results of tivantinib trials were clinically but not statistically significant. Additionally, cabozantinib was effective, but adverse reactions were common, and crizotinib was generally well-tolerated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Andrade De Mello
- Algarve Biomedical Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine University of Algarve (DCBM UALG), 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
- Division of Medical Oncology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04037-004, Brazil; (N.M.N.); (G.A.A.)
- Precision Oncology and Health Economics Group (ONCOPRECH), Post-Graduation Program in Medicine, Nine of July University (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Nathália Moisés Neves
- Division of Medical Oncology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04037-004, Brazil; (N.M.N.); (G.A.A.)
| | - Giovanna Araújo Amaral
- Division of Medical Oncology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04037-004, Brazil; (N.M.N.); (G.A.A.)
| | - Estela Gudin Lippo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo 01525-000, Brazil;
| | - Pedro Castelo-Branco
- Algarve Biomedical Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine University of Algarve (DCBM UALG), 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
| | - Daniel Humberto Pozza
- Department of Biomedicine & I3S, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-317 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Carla Chizuru Tajima
- Hospital São José & Hospital São Joaquim, A Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo 01323-001, Brazil;
| | - Georgios Antoniou
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Center, London HA6 2RN, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
223
|
Freudenstein D, Litchfield C, Caramia F, Wright G, Solomon BJ, Ball D, Keam SP, Neeson P, Haupt Y, Haupt S. TP53 Status, Patient Sex, and the Immune Response as Determinants of Lung Cancer Patient Survival. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061535. [PMID: 32545367 PMCID: PMC7352604 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer poses the greatest cancer-related death risk and males have poorer outcomes than females, for unknown reasons. Patient sex is not a biological variable considered in lung cancer standard of care. Correlating patient genetics with outcomes is predicted to open avenues for improved management. Using a bioinformatics approach across non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) subtypes, we identified where patient sex, mutation of the major tumor suppressor gene, Tumour protein P53 (TP53), and immune signatures stratified outcomes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), among datasets of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We exposed sex and TP53 gene mutations as prognostic for LUAD survival. Longest survival in LUAD occurred among females with wild-type (wt) TP53 genes, high levels of immune infiltration and enrichment for pathway signatures of Interferon Gamma (INF-γ), Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF) and macrophages-monocytes. In contrast, poor survival in men with LUAD and wt TP53 genes corresponded with enrichment of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGFB1, hereafter TGF-β) and wound healing signatures. In LUAD with wt TP53 genes, elevated gene expression of immune checkpoint CD274 (hereafter: PD-L1) and also protein 53 (p53) negative-regulators of the Mouse Double Minute (MDM)-family predict novel avenues for combined immunotherapies. LUSC is dominated by male smokers with TP53 gene mutations, while a minor population of TCGA LC patients with wt TP53 genes unexpectedly had the poorest survival, suggestive of a separate etiology. We conclude that advanced approaches to LUAD and LUSC therapy lie in the consideration of patient sex, TP53 gene mutation status and immune signatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald Freudenstein
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, 3000, Australia; (D.F.); (C.L.); (F.C.); (S.P.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Cassandra Litchfield
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, 3000, Australia; (D.F.); (C.L.); (F.C.); (S.P.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Franco Caramia
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, 3000, Australia; (D.F.); (C.L.); (F.C.); (S.P.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Gavin Wright
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia;
| | - Benjamin J. Solomon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (D.B.); (P.N.)
| | - David Ball
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (D.B.); (P.N.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Simon P. Keam
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, 3000, Australia; (D.F.); (C.L.); (F.C.); (S.P.K.); (Y.H.)
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (D.B.); (P.N.)
- Cancer Immunology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Paul Neeson
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (D.B.); (P.N.)
- Cancer Immunology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Ygal Haupt
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, 3000, Australia; (D.F.); (C.L.); (F.C.); (S.P.K.); (Y.H.)
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (D.B.); (P.N.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Sue Haupt
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, 3000, Australia; (D.F.); (C.L.); (F.C.); (S.P.K.); (Y.H.)
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (D.B.); (P.N.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
224
|
Mele L, Del Vecchio V, Liccardo D, Prisco C, Schwerdtfeger M, Robinson N, Desiderio V, Tirino V, Papaccio G, La Noce M. The role of autophagy in resistance to targeted therapies. Cancer Treat Rev 2020; 88:102043. [PMID: 32505806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-degradative cellular process, involved in stress response such as starvation, hypoxia, and oxidative stress. This mechanism balances macro-molecule recycling to regulate cell homeostasis. In cancer, autophagy play a role in the development and progression, while several studies describe it as one of the key processes in drug resistance. In the last years, in addition to standard anti-cancer treatments such as chemotherapies and irradiation, targeted therapy became one of the most adopted strategies in clinical practices, mainly due to high specificity and reduced side effects. However, similar to standard treatments, drug resistance is the main challenge in most patients. Here, we summarize recent studies that investigated the role of autophagy in drug resistance after targeted therapy in different types of cancers. We highlight positive results and limitations of pre-clinical and clinical studies in which autophagy inhibitors are used in combination with targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Mele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
| | - Vitale Del Vecchio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Liccardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Prisco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy; The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Melanie Schwerdtfeger
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy; Department of Medicine IV -Division of Clinical Pharmacology-University of Munich, Germany
| | - Nirmal Robinson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Vincenzo Desiderio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
| | - Virginia Tirino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Papaccio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy.
| | - Marcella La Noce
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
225
|
Evaluation of expression of vitamin D receptor related lncRNAs in lung cancer. Noncoding RNA Res 2020; 5:83-87. [PMID: 32514489 PMCID: PMC7264462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer as the most common cancer in the world is associated with high rate of mortality. Previous studies have detected expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in lung cancer tissues and reported significant of this gene in determination of patients' survival. Methods: In the current study, we assessed expression of VDR and five long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) which have been associated with VDR (MALAT1, SNHG16, SNHG6, LINC00346, LINC00511) in 32 pairs of lung cancer tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCTs) using real time PCR method. Expression of VDR was significantly decreased in tumor tissues obtained from male patients compared with their matched ANCTs (ER = 0.31, P value = 0.02). However, this pattern was not detected in female subjects (ER = 0.93, P value = 0.94). Expression of LINC00346 was significantly decreased in tumoral tissues compared with ANCTs (Expression ratio (ER) = 0.38, P value = 0.03). When evaluating expression of this lncRNA based on the sex of patients, differences in its expression was only significant among males (ER = 0.3, P value = 0.04). VDR expression was significantly associated with sex of patients in a way that most male patients exhibited down-regulation of this gene in their tumor tissue samples compared with the paired ANCTs (P = 0.03). Expression levels of LINC00346 could discriminate lung cancer tissues from ANCTs with sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 52.4%. Correlations between expressions of SNHG6 and other genes were all significant in tumoral tissues but insignificant in ANCTs. The current investigation potentiates VDR and LINC00346 as possible participants in the pathogenesis of lung cancer.
Collapse
|
226
|
Miura N, Matsubara T, Takamori S, Haratake N, Toyozawa R, Yamaguchi M, Seto T, Taguchi K, Takenoyama M. Histological conversion from adenocarcinoma to small cell carcinoma of the lung after treatment with an immune checkpoint inhibitor: a case report. Oxf Med Case Reports 2020; 2020:omaa026. [PMID: 32477576 PMCID: PMC7243716 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The transformation of adenocarcinoma to small cell lung cancer has been reported as acquisition of resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We here report a patient who presented histologically confirmed transformation of adenocarcinoma to small cell lung cancer after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor. A 65-year-old man was treated with pembrolizumab as first-line therapy and achieved temporarily a stable disease with progression after six cycles of this agent. At that stage, a transbronchial biopsy showed small cell lung cancer, and he was found to have high serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase despite concentrations of numerous tumor markers, including neuron-specific enolase, having been within normal limits at the time of presentation. The patient thereafter was treated as a small cell carcinoma patient using cisplatin plus irinotecan and amrubicin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Miura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taichi Matsubara
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinkichi Takamori
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Haratake
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryo Toyozawa
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yamaguchi
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Seto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Taguchi
- Department of Pathology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Takenoyama
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
227
|
Ahmed AG, Hussein UK, Ahmed AE, Kim KM, Mahmoud HM, Hammouda O, Jang KY, Bishayee A. Mustard Seed ( Brassica nigra) Extract Exhibits Antiproliferative Effect against Human Lung Cancer Cells through Differential Regulation of Apoptosis, Cell Cycle, Migration, and Invasion. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092069. [PMID: 32365503 PMCID: PMC7248788 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and development of novel lung cancer preventive and therapeutic agents are urgently needed. Brassica nigra (black mustard) seeds are commonly consumed in several Asian and African countries. Mustard seeds previously exhibited significant anticancer activities against several cancer types. In the present study, we have investigated various cellular and molecular mechanisms of anticancer effects of an ethanolic extract of B. nigra seeds against A549 and H1299 human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. B. nigra extract showed a substantial growth-inhibitory effect as it reduced the viability and clonogenic survival of A549 and H1299 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. B. nigra extract induced cellular apoptosis in a time- and concentration-dependent fashion as evidenced from increased caspase-3 activity. Furthermore, treatment of both A549 and H1299 cells with B. nigra extract alone or in combination with camptothecin induced DNA double-strand breaks as evidenced by upregulation of γH2A histone family member X, Fanconi anemia group D2 protein, Fanconi anemia group J protein, ataxia-telangiectesia mutated and Rad3-related protein. Based on cell cycle analysis, B. nigra extract significantly arrested A549 and H1299 cells at S and G2/M phases. Additionally, B. nigra extract suppressed the migratory and invasive properties of both cell lines, downregulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), MMP9, and Snail and upregulated the expression of E-cadherin at mRNA and protein levels. Taken together, these findings indicate that B. nigra seed extract may have an important anticancer potential against human lung cancer which could be mediated through simultaneous and differential regulation of proliferation, apoptosis, DNA damage, cell cycle, migration, and invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Gamal Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (A.G.A.); (U.K.H.); (K.M.K.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt;
| | - Usama Khamis Hussein
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (A.G.A.); (U.K.H.); (K.M.K.)
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
- Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (H.M.M.); (O.H.)
| | - Amr E. Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt;
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (A.G.A.); (U.K.H.); (K.M.K.)
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
| | - Hamada M. Mahmoud
- Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (H.M.M.); (O.H.)
| | - Ola Hammouda
- Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (H.M.M.); (O.H.)
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (A.G.A.); (U.K.H.); (K.M.K.)
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.Y.J.); or (A.B.); Tel.: +82-10-4228-9970 (K.Y.J.); +1-941-782-5950 (A.B.)
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
- Correspondence: (K.Y.J.); or (A.B.); Tel.: +82-10-4228-9970 (K.Y.J.); +1-941-782-5950 (A.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
228
|
Analysis of gene expression profiles of lung cancer subtypes with machine learning algorithms. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165822. [PMID: 32360590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancer types worldwide and causes more than one million deaths annually. Lung adenocarcinoma (AC) and lung squamous cell cancer (SCC) are two major lung cancer subtypes and have different characteristics in several aspects. Identifying their differentially expressed genes and different gene expression patterns can deepen our understanding of these two subtypes at the transcriptomic level. In this work, we used several machine learning algorithms to investigate the gene expression profiles of lung AC and lung SCC samples retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus. First, the profiles were analyzed by using a powerful feature selection method, namely, Monte Carlo feature selection. A feature list, ranking all features according to their importance, and some informative features were obtained. Then, the feature list was used in the incremental feature selection method to extract optimal features, which can allow the support vector machine (SVM) to yield the best performance for classifying lung AC and lung SCC samples. Some top genes (CSTA, TP63, SERPINB13, CLCA2, BICD2, PERP, FAT2, BNC1, ATP11B, FAM83B, KRT5, PARD6G, PKP1) were extensively analyzed to prove that they can be differentially expressed genes between lung AC and lung SCC. Meanwhile, a rule learning procedure was applied on informative features to construct the classification rules. These rules provide a clear procedure of classification and show some different gene expression patterns between lung AC and lung SCC.
Collapse
|
229
|
Salehi M, Movahedpour A, Tayarani A, Shabaninejad Z, Pourhanifeh MH, Mortezapour E, Nickdasti A, Mottaghi R, Davoodabadi A, Khan H, Savardashtaki A, Mirzaei H. Therapeutic potentials of curcumin in the treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2557-2576. [PMID: 32307773 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is one of the most lethal malignancies that include more than 80% of lung cancer cases worldwide. During the past decades, plants and plant-derived products have attracted great interest in the treatment of various human diseases. Curcumin, the turmeric isolated natural phenolic compound, has shown a promising chemo-preventive and anticancer agent. Numerous studies have shown that curcumin delays the initiation and progression of NSCLC by affecting a wide range of molecular targets and cell signalling pathways including NF-kB, Akt, MAPKS, BCL-2, ROS and microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the poor oral bioavailability and low chemical stability of curcumin remain as major challenges in the utilisation of this compound as a therapeutic agent. Different analogs of curcumin and new delivery systems (e.g., micelles, nanoparticles and liposomes) provided promising solutions to overcome these obstacles and improve curcumin pharmacokinetic profile. The present review focuses on current reported studies about anti-NSCLC effects of curcumin. NSCLC involved miRNAs whose expression is regulated by curcumin has also been discussed. Furthermore, recent researches on the use of curcumin analogs and delivery systems to enhance the curcumin benefits in NSCLC are also described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Salehi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Movahedpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Tayarani
- Student research committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Zahra Shabaninejad
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Erfan Mortezapour
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ali Nickdasti
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Reza Mottaghi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
230
|
Non-Coding RNAs in Lung Tumor Initiation and Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082774. [PMID: 32316322 PMCID: PMC7215285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the deadliest forms of cancer affecting society today. Non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), through the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic changes they impose, have been found to be dysregulated to affect lung cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. This review will briefly summarize hallmarks involved in lung cancer initiation and progression. For initiation, these hallmarks include tumor initiating cells, immortalization, activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressors. Hallmarks involved in lung cancer progression include metastasis and drug tolerance and resistance. The targeting of these hallmarks with non-coding RNAs can affect vital metabolic and cell signaling pathways, which as a result can potentially have a role in cancerous and pathological processes. By further understanding non-coding RNAs, researchers can work towards diagnoses and treatments to improve early detection and clinical response.
Collapse
|
231
|
Prieto‐Garcia C, Hartmann O, Reissland M, Braun F, Fischer T, Walz S, Schülein‐Völk C, Eilers U, Ade CP, Calzado MA, Orian A, Maric HM, Münch C, Rosenfeldt M, Eilers M, Diefenbacher ME. Maintaining protein stability of ∆Np63 via USP28 is required by squamous cancer cells. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e11101. [PMID: 32128997 PMCID: PMC7136964 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201911101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor ∆Np63 is a master regulator of epithelial cell identity and essential for the survival of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of lung, head and neck, oesophagus, cervix and skin. Here, we report that the deubiquitylase USP28 stabilizes ∆Np63 and maintains elevated ∆NP63 levels in SCC by counteracting its proteasome-mediated degradation. Impaired USP28 activity, either genetically or pharmacologically, abrogates the transcriptional identity and suppresses growth and survival of human SCC cells. CRISPR/Cas9-engineered in vivo mouse models establish that endogenous USP28 is strictly required for both induction and maintenance of lung SCC. Our data strongly suggest that targeting ∆Np63 abundance via inhibition of USP28 is a promising strategy for the treatment of SCC tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Prieto‐Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyProtein Stability and Cancer GroupUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre MainfrankenWürzburgGermany
| | - Oliver Hartmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyProtein Stability and Cancer GroupUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre MainfrankenWürzburgGermany
| | - Michaela Reissland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyProtein Stability and Cancer GroupUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre MainfrankenWürzburgGermany
| | - Fabian Braun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyProtein Stability and Cancer GroupUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre MainfrankenWürzburgGermany
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyProtein Stability and Cancer GroupUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Department for RadiotherapyUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Susanne Walz
- Core Unit BioinformaticsComprehensive Cancer Centre MainfrankenUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | | | - Ursula Eilers
- Core Unit High‐Content MicroscopyBiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Carsten P Ade
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre MainfrankenWürzburgGermany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Marco A Calzado
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)CórdobaSpain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e InmunologíaUniversidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain
- Hospital Universitario Reina SofíaCórdobaSpain
| | - Amir Orian
- Faculty of MedicineTICCTechnion HaifaIsrael
| | - Hans M Maric
- Rudolf‐Virchow‐Center for Experimental BiomedicineWürzburgGermany
| | - Christian Münch
- Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Mathias Rosenfeldt
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre MainfrankenWürzburgGermany
- Institute for PathologyUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Martin Eilers
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre MainfrankenWürzburgGermany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Markus E Diefenbacher
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyProtein Stability and Cancer GroupUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre MainfrankenWürzburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
232
|
Louveau B, Jouenne F, Kaguelidou F, Landras A, Goldwirt L, Mourah S. The key role of oncopharmacology in therapeutic management, from common to rare cancers: A literature review. Therapie 2020; 75:183-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.therap.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
233
|
Uncovering Prognosis-Related Genes and Pathways by Multi-Omics Analysis in Lung Cancer. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040524. [PMID: 32235589 PMCID: PMC7225957 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Therefore, understanding the factors linked to patient survival is essential. Recently, multi-omics analysis has emerged, allowing for patient groups to be classified according to prognosis and at a more individual level, to support the use of precision medicine. Here, we combined RNA expression and miRNA expression with clinical information, to conduct a multi-omics analysis, using publicly available datasets (the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) focusing on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD)). We were able to successfully subclass patients according to survival. The classifiers we developed, using inferred labels obtained from patient subtypes showed that a support vector machine (SVM), gave the best classification results, with an accuracy of 0.82 with the test dataset. Using these subtypes, we ranked genes based on RNA expression levels. The top 25 genes were investigated, to elucidate the mechanisms that underlie patient prognosis. Bioinformatics analyses showed that the expression levels of six out of 25 genes (ERO1B, DPY19L1, NCAM1, RET, MARCH1, and SLC7A8) were associated with LUAD patient survival (p < 0.05), and pathway analyses indicated that major cancer signaling was altered in the subtypes.
Collapse
|
234
|
Kang DY, Sp N, Jo ES, Rugamba A, Hong DY, Lee HG, Yoo JS, Liu Q, Jang KJ, Yang YM. The Inhibitory Mechanisms of Tumor PD-L1 Expression by Natural Bioactive Gallic Acid in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E727. [PMID: 32204508 PMCID: PMC7140102 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common lung cancer subtype and accounts for more than 80% of all lung cancer cases. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylation by binding growth factors such as EGF activates downstream prooncogenic signaling pathways including KRAS-ERK, JAK-STAT, and PI3K-AKT. These pathways promote the tumor progression of NSCLC by inducing uncontrolled cell cycle, proliferation, migration, and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. New cytotoxic drugs have facilitated considerable progress in NSCLC treatment, but side effects are still a significant cause of mortality. Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid; GA) is a phenolic natural compound, isolated from plant derivatives, that has been reported to show anticancer effects. We demonstrated the tumor-suppressive effect of GA, which induced the decrease of PD-L1 expression through binding to EGFR in NSCLC. This binding inhibited the phosphorylation of EGFR, subsequently inducing the inhibition of PI3K and AKT phosphorylation, which triggered the activation of p53. The p53-dependent upregulation of miR-34a induced PD-L1 downregulation. Further, we revealed the combination effect of GA and anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody in an NSCLC-cell and peripheral blood mononuclear-cell coculture system. We propose a novel therapeutic application of GA for immunotherapy and chemotherapy in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Young Kang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (D.Y.K.); (N.S.); (E.S.J.); (A.R.)
| | - Nipin Sp
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (D.Y.K.); (N.S.); (E.S.J.); (A.R.)
| | - Eun Seong Jo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (D.Y.K.); (N.S.); (E.S.J.); (A.R.)
| | - Alexis Rugamba
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (D.Y.K.); (N.S.); (E.S.J.); (A.R.)
| | - Dae Young Hong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Hong Ghi Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Ji-Seung Yoo
- Department of Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan;
| | - Qing Liu
- Jilin Green Food Engineering Research Institute, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China;
| | - Kyoung-Jin Jang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (D.Y.K.); (N.S.); (E.S.J.); (A.R.)
| | - Young Mok Yang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (D.Y.K.); (N.S.); (E.S.J.); (A.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
235
|
Ruan X, Sun Y, Wang W, Ye J, Zhang D, Gong Z, Yang M. Multiplexed molecular profiling of lung cancer with malignant pleural effusion using next generation sequencing in Chinese patients. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3495-3505. [PMID: 32269623 PMCID: PMC7115151 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer and the leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. Malignant pleural effusion (MPE), which is observed in ~50% of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases, and most frequently in lung adenocarcinoma, is a common complication of stage III-IV NSCLC, and it can be used to predict a poor prognosis. In the present study, multiple oncogene mutations were detected, including 17 genes closely associated with initiation of advanced lung cancer, in 108 MPE samples using next generation sequencing (NGS). The NGS data of the present study had broader coverage, deeper sequencing depth and higher capture efficiency compared with NGS findings of previous studies on MPE. In the present study, using NGS, it was demonstrated that 93 patients (86%) harbored EGFR mutations and 62 patients possessed mutations in EGFR exons 18-21, which are targets of available treatment agents. EGFR L858R and exon 19 indel mutations were the most frequently observed alterations, with frequencies of 31 and 25%, respectively. In 1 patient, an EGFR amplification was identified and 6 patients possessed a T790M mutation. ALK + EML4 gene fusions were identified in 6 patients, a ROS1 + CD74 gene fusion was detected in 1 patient and 10 patients possessed a BIM (also known as BCL2L11) 2,903-bp intron deletion. In 4 patients, significant KRAS mutations (G12D, G12S, G13C and A146T) were observed, which are associated with resistance to afatinib, icotinib, erlotinib and gefitinib. There were 83 patients with ERBB2 mutations, but only two of these mutations were targets of available treatments. The results of the present study indicate that MPE is a reliable specimen for NGS based detection of somatic mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingya Ruan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Yonghua Sun
- Shanghai YunYing Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201600, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai YunYing Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201600, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Ye
- Shanghai YunYing Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201600, P.R. China
| | - Daoyun Zhang
- Shanghai YunYing Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201600, P.R. China
| | - Ziying Gong
- Shanghai YunYing Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201600, P.R. China
| | - Mingxia Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
236
|
Park HJ, Lee SH, Chang YS. Recent advances in diagnostic technologies in lung cancer. Korean J Intern Med 2020; 35:257-268. [PMID: 32131569 PMCID: PMC7060993 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2020.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in lung cancer incidence of Korea has been dampened since 2000; however, increased human lifespan, interest in health care and the widespread implementation of health examinations have resulted in a considerable rise in detection of small lesions that need to be differentiated from lung cancer. Detection of lung cancer at an early stage rather than at a symptomatic advanced stage is also increasing, suggesting that there are increasing diagnostic demands for small peripheral lung lesions. The development of new molecular diagnostics, including next generation sequencing, companion diagnostics that accompany development of new anti-cancer drugs, and re-biopsy for application of new therapeutic modality accelerate the development of lung cancer diagnostics. In this review, we extensively describe the current available diagnostic tools in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Yoon Soo Chang, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Korea Tel: +82-2-2019-3310 Fax: +82-2-3463-3882 E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
237
|
Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Branicki W, Taheri M. Non-coding RNA profile in lung cancer. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 114:104411. [PMID: 32112788 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and the leading source of cancer-associated mortality. This kind of cancer has heterogeneous nature and is divided into two broad classes of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition to aberrant expression of several signaling pathways and oncogenes, lung cancer is associated with dysregulation of expression of non-coding RNAs including both long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and miRNAs. These aberrantly expressed transcripts are putative therapeutic targets and diagnostic/ prognostic markers. Integrative assessment of expression of lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs has led to construction of competing endogenous RNA networks in which several lncRNAs act as molecular sponges to inhibit regulatory function of miRNAs on mRNAs. Notably, some of these networks seem to have subtype-specific functions in lung cancer. In this review, we summarize recent findings about the importance of these networks in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and provide a list of onco-miRNAs, tumor suppressor miRNAs, oncogenic lncRNAs and tumor suppressor lncRNAs based on their roles in the carcinogenic process in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Wojciech Branicki
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology of the Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
238
|
Cooke M, Baker MJ, Kazanietz MG. Rac-GEF/Rac Signaling and Metastatic Dissemination in Lung Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:118. [PMID: 32158759 PMCID: PMC7051914 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) representing ∼85% of new diagnoses. The disease is often detected in an advanced metastatic stage, with poor prognosis and clinical outcome. In order to escape from the primary tumor, cancer cells acquire highly motile and invasive phenotypes that involve the dynamic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. These processes are tightly regulated by Rac1, a small G-protein that participates in the formation of actin-rich membrane protrusions required for cancer cell motility and for the secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM)-degrading proteases. In this perspective article we focus on the mechanisms leading to aberrant Rac1 signaling in NSCLC progression and metastasis, highlighting the role of Rac Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs). A plausible scenario is that specific Rac-GEFs activate discrete intracellular pools of Rac1, leading to unique functional responses in the context of specific oncogenic drivers, such as mutant EGFR or mutant KRAS. The identification of dysregulated Rac signaling regulators may serve to predict critical biomarkers for metastatic disease in lung cancer patients, ultimately aiding in refining patient prognosis and decision-making in the clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Cooke
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Marcelo G. Kazanietz
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
239
|
Chen WL, Jin X, Wang M, Liu D, Luo Q, Tian H, Cai L, Meng L, Bi R, Wang L, Xie X, Yu G, Li L, Dong C, Cai Q, Jia W, Wei W, Jia L. GLUT5-mediated fructose utilization drives lung cancer growth by stimulating fatty acid synthesis and AMPK/mTORC1 signaling. JCI Insight 2020; 5:131596. [PMID: 32051337 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.131596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Its rapid growth requires hyperactive catabolism of principal metabolic fuels. It is unclear whether fructose, an abundant sugar in current diets, is essential for LC. We demonstrated that, under the condition of coexistence of metabolic fuels in the body, fructose was readily used by LC cells in vivo as a glucose alternative via upregulating GLUT5, a major fructose transporter encoded by solute carrier family 2 member 5 (SLC2A5). Metabolomic profiling coupled with isotope tracing demonstrated that incorporated fructose was catabolized to fuel fatty acid synthesis and palmitoleic acid generation in particular to expedite LC growth in vivo. Both in vitro and in vivo supplement of palmitoleic acid could restore impaired LC propagation caused by SLC2A5 deletion. Furthermore, molecular mechanism investigation revealed that GLUT5-mediated fructose utilization was required to suppress AMPK and consequently activate mTORC1 activity to promote LC growth. As such, pharmacological blockade of in vivo fructose utilization using a GLUT5 inhibitor remarkably curtailed LC growth. Together, this study underscores the importance of in vivo fructose utilization mediated by GLUT5 in governing LC growth and highlights a promising strategy to treat LC by targeting GLUT5 to eliminate those fructose-addicted neoplastic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Lian Chen
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Jin
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingsong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Luo
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hechuan Tian
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Cai
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifei Meng
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Bi
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Xie
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanzhen Yu
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihui Li
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changsheng Dong
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiliang Cai
- Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Jia
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lijun Jia
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
240
|
Massó-Vallés D, Beaulieu ME, Soucek L. MYC, MYCL, and MYCN as therapeutic targets in lung cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:101-114. [PMID: 32003251 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1723548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Despite recent advances with personalized therapies and immunotherapy, the prognosis remains dire and recurrence is frequent. Myc is an oncogene deregulated in human cancers, including lung cancer, where it supports tumorigenic processes and progression. Elevated Myc levels have also been associated with resistance to therapy.Areas covered: This article summarizes the genomic and transcriptomic studies that compile evidence for (i) MYC, MYCN, and MYCL amplification and overexpression in lung cancer patients, and (ii) their prognostic significance. We collected the most recent literature regarding the development of Myc inhibitors where the emphasis is on those inhibitors tested in lung cancer experimental models and their potential for future clinical application.Expert opinion: The targeting of Myc in lung cancer is potentially an unprecedented opportunity for inhibiting a key player in tumor progression and maintenance and therapeutic resistance. Myc inhibitory strategies are on the path to their clinical application but further work is necessary for the assessment of their use in combination with standard treatment approaches. Given the role of Myc in immune suppression, a significant opportunity may exist in the combination of Myc inhibitors with immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Soucek
- Peptomyc S.L., Edifici Cellex, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.,Edifici Cellex, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana De Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
241
|
Saab S, Zalzale H, Rahal Z, Khalifeh Y, Sinjab A, Kadara H. Insights Into Lung Cancer Immune-Based Biology, Prevention, and Treatment. Front Immunol 2020; 11:159. [PMID: 32117295 PMCID: PMC7026250 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer-related deaths. The malignancy is characterized by dismal prognosis and poor clinical outcome mostly due to advanced-stage at diagnosis, thereby inflicting a heavy burden on public health worldwide. Recent breakthroughs in immunotherapy have greatly benefited a subset of lung cancer patients, and more importantly, they are undauntedly bringing forth a paradigm shift in the drugs approved for cancer treatment, by introducing "tumor-type agnostic therapies". Yet, and to fulfill immunotherapy's potential of personalized cancer treatment, demarcating the immune and genomic landscape of cancers at their earliest possible stages will be crucial to identify ideal targets for early treatment and to predict how a particular patient will fare with immunotherapy. Recent genomic surveys of premalignant lung cancer have shed light on early alterations in the evolution of lung cancer. More recently, the advent of immunogenomic technologies has provided prodigious opportunities to study the multidimensional landscape of lung tumors as well as their microenvironment at the molecular, genomic, and cellular resolution. In this review, we will summarize the current state of immune-based therapies for cancer, with a focus on lung malignancy, and highlight learning outcomes from clinical and preclinical studies investigating the naïve immune biology of lung cancer. The review also collates immunogenomic-based evidence from seminal reports which collectively warrant future investigations of premalignancy, the tumor-adjacent normal-appearing lung tissue, pulmonary inflammatory conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as systemic microbiome imbalance. Such future directions enable novel insights into the evolution of lung cancers and, thus, can provide a low-hanging fruit of targets for early immune-based treatment of this fatal malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Saab
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hussein Zalzale
- School of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zahraa Rahal
- School of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yara Khalifeh
- School of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ansam Sinjab
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Humam Kadara
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
242
|
Lan X, Lin W, Xu Y, Xu Y, Lv Z, Chen W. The detection and analysis of differential regulatory communities in lung cancer. Genomics 2020; 112:2535-2540. [PMID: 32045668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The tumorgenesis process of lung cancer involves the regulatory dysfunctions of multiple pathways. Although many signaling pathways have been identified to be associated with lung cancer, there are little quantitative models of how inactions between genes change during the process from normal to cancer. These changes belong to different dynamic co-expressions patterns. We quantitatively analyzed differential co-expression of gene pairs in four datasets. Each dataset included a large number of lung cancer and normal samples. By overlapping their results, we got 14 highly confident gene pairs with consistent co-expression change patterns. Some of they, such as ARHGAP30 and GIMAP4, had been recorded in STRING network database while some of them were novel discoveries, such as C9orf135 and MORN5, TEKT1 and TSPAN1 were positively correlated in both normal and cancer but more correlated in normal than cancer. These gene pairs revealed the underlying mechanisms of lung cancer occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Lan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Weilong Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Lishui Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Yufen Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Yanyan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Zhuqing Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Wenyu Chen
- Department of Respiration, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
243
|
Hipólito A, Mendes C, Serpa J. The Metabolic Remodelling in Lung Cancer and Its Putative Consequence in Therapy Response. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1219:311-333. [PMID: 32130706 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34025-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide in both men and women. Conventional chemotherapy has failed to provide long-term benefits for many patients and in the past decade, important advances were made to understand the underlying molecular/genetic mechanisms of lung cancer, allowing the unfolding of several other pathological entities. Considering these molecular subtypes, and the appearance of promising targeted therapies, an effective personalized control of the disease has emerged, nonetheless benefiting a small proportion of patients. Although immunotherapy has also appeared as a new hope, it is still not accessible to the majority of patients with lung cancer.The metabolism of energy and biomass is the basis of cellular survival. This is true for normal cells under physiological conditions and it is also true for pathophysiologically altered cells, such as cancer cells. Thus, knowledge of the metabolic remodelling that occurs in cancer cells in the sense of, on one hand, surviving in the microenvironment of the organ in which the tumour develops and, on the other hand, escaping from drugs conditioned microenvironment, is essential to understand the disease and to develop new therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hipólito
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cindy Mendes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisbon, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
244
|
Zhao S, Li F, Guo X, Guo T, Mizutani KI, Yamada S, Gu C, Uramoto H. New additional scoring formula on the Pathological Features in Stage I Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients: Impact on Survival. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:1871-1878. [PMID: 32788866 PMCID: PMC7415400 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.45002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Histological heterogeneity of lung adenocarcinoma may result in different prognosis among patients with the same TNM pathological stage. However, no objective evaluation system of lung adenocarcinoma based on pathological features has been widely accepted for assessing the prognosis. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 179 patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma after complete surgical resection. The pathological classification was according to the IASLC/ATS/ERS adenocarcinoma classifications, and the detailed abundance ratio using HE staining of primary tumor specimens was recorded. A new additional scoring formula on the pathological features (ASP) was established. The association of the ASP score with the patients' survival was examined. Results: The ASP scoring was significantly associated with smoking history (p=0.004), lymphatic vessel invasion (p<0.001), vascular invasion, differentiation (p<0.001) and Ki67 (p<0.001). The patients in the high-ASP-score group tended to have vascular invasion (odds ratio [OR]: 1.637, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.923-13.745, p=0.001) and high Ki67 expression (OR: 2.625, 95%CI: 1.328-5.190, p=0.006) by logistic regression analyses. The prognosis differed significantly in the Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and the 5-year survival rates in the low and high ASP score groups were 97.8% and 89.6%, respectively (p=0.018). Based on the univariate analysis, female (OR: 0.111, 95%CI: 0.014-0.906, p=0.040), long smoking history (OR: 7.250, 95%CI: 1.452-36.195, p=0.016), poor differentiation characteristics correlation (OR: 12.691, 95%CI: 1.557-103.453, p=0.018), and high ASP score (OR: 5.788, 95%CI: 1.138-29.423, p=0.034) were shown to be independently associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Conclusion: The ASP score can effectively screen high-risk patients for complete surgical resection of stage I lung adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilei Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Fengzhou Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ken-Ichi Mizutani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Sohsuke Yamada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Chundong Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Hidetaka Uramoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
245
|
Zhang F, Huang D, Li T, Zhang S, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang G, Zhao Z, Ma J, Wang L, Sun D, Cui P, Cai S, Jiao S, Zhao L, Hu Y. Anti-PD-1 Therapy plus Chemotherapy and/or Bevacizumab as Second Line or later Treatment for Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:741-749. [PMID: 31942197 PMCID: PMC6959040 DOI: 10.7150/jca.37966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor combination therapy exhibited outstanding efficacy in first line setting for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) patients. However, whether PD-1 inhibitor combined treatment is effective in second line or later setting remains unknown. Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of combined therapy of PD-1 inhibitor with chemotherapy and/or bevacizumab compared to PD-1 inhibitor alone for aNSCLC patients in second line or later setting. Patients with aNSCLC who have received anti-PD-1 based therapy between 2015 and 2017 were screened, and 55 patients were ultimately included and divided into the monotherapy group (N=33) and the combination group (N=22). Patients treated with combination therapy exhibited superior PFS versus those treated with monotherapy (median PFS, 7.5 months vs 3.3 months; hazard ratio 0.28; 95% CI, 0.14-0.56; P<0.001). Objective response rate and disease control rate were 31.8% (7/22) and 95.5% (21/22) in the combination group and 10.0% (3/30) and 46.7% (14/30) in the monotherapy group, respectively (ORR, P=0.075; DCR, P<0.001). Five patients (22.7%) experienced grade 3-4 adverse events in the combination group and two patients (6.1%) in the monotherapy group. Taken together, our results indicated that for NSCLC patients who had failed on the first-line or later treatment, PD-1 inhibitor in combination with chemotherapy and/or bevacizumab might be a favorable treatment option. These findings warrant further validation in prospective studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sujie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinliang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzi Zhang
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyi Zhao
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Junxun Ma
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Danyang Sun
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Cui
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangli Cai
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunchang Jiao
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Normal Aging and Geriatric & The Key Lab of Normal Aging and Geriatric, Institute of Geriatric, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
246
|
Thanaussavadate B, Ngiwsara L, Lirdprapamongkol K, Svasti J, Chuawong P. A synthetic 2,3-diarylindole induces microtubule destabilization and G2/M cell cycle arrest in lung cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:126777. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
247
|
Baruah T, Hauneihkim K, Kma L. Naringenin sensitizes lung cancer NCI-H23 cells to radiation by downregulation of akt expression and metastasis while promoting apoptosis. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_535_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
248
|
Blakely CM, Riess JW. Interpretation of ceritinib clinical trial results and future combination therapy strategies for ALK-rearranged NSCLC. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:1061-1075. [PMID: 31809604 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1699792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases. The continued advancement of DNA sequencing technology and the discovery of multiple specific driver mutations underlying many cases of NSCLC are moving clinical intervention toward a more targeted approach. Here we focus on anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family, as an oncogenic driver in NSCLC. The ALK gene is rearranged in 3-7% of NSCLCs, and targeted inhibition of ALK is a viable therapy option.Areas covered: We discuss the available treatment options for ALK-positive NSCLC with an emphasis on the second-generation ALK inhibitor ceritinib. We also discuss practical treatment strategies and possible strategies to overcome or delay resistance to ALK inhibitors.Expert opinion: With a robust treatment armamentarium for patients with ALK-positive NSCLC, emphasis has shifted to optimizing individualized treatment strategies to further enhance outcomes for these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Collin M Blakely
- Department of Medicine, UCSF Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan W Riess
- Department of Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
249
|
Altmayer S, Verma N, Francisco MZ, Almeida RF, Mohammed TL, Hochhegger B. Classification and Imaging Findings of Lung Neoplasms. Semin Roentgenol 2019; 55:41-50. [PMID: 31964479 DOI: 10.1053/j.ro.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Altmayer
- Department of Radiology, Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nupur Verma
- Department of Radiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Martina Zaguini Francisco
- Department of Radiology, Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Renata Fragomeni Almeida
- Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Hochhegger
- Department of Radiology, Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
250
|
Li ZY, Zhang ZZ, Bi H, Zhang QD, Zhang SJ, Zhou L, Zhu XQ, Zhou J. MicroRNA‑4500 suppresses tumor progression in non‑small cell lung cancer by regulating STAT3. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4973-4983. [PMID: 31638206 PMCID: PMC6854602 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Research has revealed that microRNA (miR)-4500 is downregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and miR-4500 suppresses tumor growth by targeting lin-28 homolog B and NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase. In the present study, it was reported that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) may function as a novel target gene for miR-4500 in NSCLC. The experiments conducted in the present study confirmed that the miR-4500 expression was decreased in NSCLC tissues and cells compared with adjacent normal tissues and a normal lung cell line. miR-4500 suppressed the cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis of the human NSCLC cell lines A549 and H1975. Expression of STAT3 was negatively correlated with miR-4500 expression in vivo. A luciferase reporter assay suggested that miR-4500 directly targeted the 3′ untranslated region of STAT3. The tumor inhibition effect of small interfering RNA STAT3 in A549 and H1975 lines may be partially impaired by a miR-4500 inhibitor. The results of the present study suggests that miR-4500 may be a tumor suppressor and a potential therapeutic target in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ying Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Zhou Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213011, P.R. China
| | - Hui Bi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Di Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Su-Juan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qin Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|