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Vasanthan V, Fatehi Hassanabad A, Pattar S, Niklewski P, Wagner K, Fedak PWM. Promoting Cardiac Regeneration and Repair Using Acellular Biomaterials. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:291. [PMID: 32363184 PMCID: PMC7180212 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a common cause of end-stage heart failure and has persisted as one of the main causes of end stage heart failure requiring transplantation. Maladaptive myocardial remodeling due to ischemic injury involves multiple cell types and physiologic mechanisms. Pathogenic post-infarct remodeling involves collagen deposition, chamber dilatation and ventricular dysfunction. There have been significant improvements in medication and revascularization strategies. However, despite medical optimization and opportunities to restore blood flow, physicians lack therapies that directly access and manipulate the heart to promote healthy post-infarct myocardial remodeling. Strategies are now arising that use bioactive materials to promote cardiac regeneration by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting cardiac fibrosis; and many of these strategies leverage the unique advantage of cardiac surgery to directly visualize and manipulate the heart. Although cellular-based strategies are emerging, multiple barriers exist for clinical translation. Acellular materials have also demonstrated preclinical therapeutic potential to promote angiogenesis and attenuate fibrosis and may be able to surmount these translational barriers. Within this review we outline various acellular biomaterials and we define epicardial infarct repair and intramyocardial injection, which focus on administering bioactive materials to the cardiac epicardium and myocardium respectively to promote cardiac regeneration. In conjunction with optimized medical therapy and revascularization, these techniques show promise to upregulate pathways of cardiac regeneration to preserve heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Vasanthan
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ali Fatehi Hassanabad
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Simranjit Pattar
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Paul Niklewski
- MDP Solutions, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Health Economics and Clinical Outcomes Research, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Karl Wagner
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul W. M. Fedak
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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202
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Efficient Soluble Expression and Purification of Recombinant Human Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor from Escherichia coli via Fusion with a Novel Collagen-like Protein Scl2. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 191:1562-1579. [PMID: 32166590 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Human acidic fibroblast growth factor (haFGF) is a multifunctional protein involved in regulating a wide range of cellular processes. As a potent therapeutic agent, it is highly desirable to produce recombinant haFGF (r-haFGF) at low cost. However, the complex structure and formation of aggregation confines its high-level soluble expression and functional form. Herein, to produce r-haFGF efficiently in E. coli, we devised a novel soluble expression and cost-effective purification approach based on fusion with Scl2-M (a novel modified collagen-like protein) for the first time. By using this strategy, more than 95% of the Scl2-M-haFGF fusion protein was highly expressed in soluble form and the expression level of targeted fusion protein in shake flasks and 5-L fermenter was 0.42 g/L and 2.28 g/L, respectively. Subsequently, the recombinant Scl2-M-haFGF was readily purified through a facile process of acid precipitation and subjected to enterokinase (EK) cleavage. After Scl2-M cleavage, tag-free r-haFGF was further purified using ion-exchange chromatography. The recovery rate of the whole purification process attained 34.2%. Furthermore, the resulting high-purity (96.0%) r-haFGF was prepared by freeze-drying as a final product, and its bioactivity was confirmed to potentiate the proliferation of L929 and BALB-3T3 fibroblasts. Overall, our developed method has the potential for the massive production of the r-haFGF in the future.
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203
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Weber GE, Koenig KA, Khrestian M, Shao Y, Tuason ED, Gramm M, Lal D, Leverenz JB, Bekris LM. An Altered Relationship between Soluble TREM2 and Inflammatory Markers in Young Adults with Down Syndrome: A Preliminary Report. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2020; 204:1111-1118. [PMID: 31959733 PMCID: PMC7033027 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) develop Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related neuropathology, characterized by amyloid plaques with amyloid β (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles with tau accumulation. Peripheral inflammation and the innate immune response are elevated in DS. Triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) genetic variants are risk factors for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Soluble TREM2 (sTREM2), a soluble cleavage product of TREM2, is elevated in AD cerebrospinal fluid and positively correlates with cognitive decline. There is relatively little information about TREM2 in DS. Our objective was to examine the relationship between sTREM2 and inflammatory markers in young adults with DS, prior to the development of dementia symptoms. Because TREM2 plays a role in the innate immune response and has been associated with dementia, the hypothesis of this exploratory study was that young adults with DS predementia (n = 15, mean age = 29.5 y) would exhibit a different relationship between sTREM2 and inflammatory markers in plasma, compared with neurotypical, age-matched controls (n = 16, mean age = 29.6 y). Indeed, young adults with DS had significantly elevated plasma sTREM2 and inflammatory markers. Additionally, in young adults with DS, sTREM2 correlated positively with 24 of the measured cytokines, whereas there were no significant correlations in the control group. Hierarchical clustering of sTREM2 and cytokine concentrations also differed between the groups, supporting the hypothesis that its function is altered in people with DS predementia. This preliminary report of human plasma provides a basis for future studies investigating the relationship between TREM2 and the broader immune response predementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E Weber
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | | | - Maria Khrestian
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Yvonne Shao
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | | | - Marie Gramm
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; and
| | - Dennis Lal
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - James B Leverenz
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Neurological Institute, Clevland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Lynn M Bekris
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195;
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204
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Relationships Among and Predictive Values of Obesity, Inflammation Markers, and Disease Severity in Pediatric Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Before and After Adenotonsillectomy. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020579. [PMID: 32093397 PMCID: PMC7073666 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Both obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity are major health issues that contribute to increased systemic inflammation in children. To date, adenotonsillectomy (AT) is still the first-line treatment for childhood OSA. However, the relationships among and predictive values of obesity, inflammation, and OSA severity have not been comprehensively investigated. This prospective study investigated body mass index (BMI), serum inflammatory markers, and OSA severity before and after AT in 60 pediatric patients with OSA. At baseline, differences in levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-9, basic fibroblast growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, as well as regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) were significant among the various weight status and OSA severity subgroups. After 3 months postoperatively, the differences in these inflammatory markers diminished along with a decrease in OSA severity while obesity persisted. The rate of surgical cure (defined as postoperative obstructive apnea-hypopnea index < 2.0 and obstructive apnea index < 1.0) was 62%. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, BMI z-score, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and RANTES independently predicted surgical cure. Despite the significant reductions in inflammatory markers and OSA severity after AT, an inter-dependent relationship between obesity and OSA persisted. In addition to age and BMI, several inflammatory markers helped to precisely predict surgical cure.
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205
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Bretschneider H, Quade M, Lode A, Gelinsky M, Rammelt S, Zwingenberger S, Schaser KD, Vater C. Characterization of Naturally Occurring Bioactive Factor Mixtures for Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041412. [PMID: 32093051 PMCID: PMC7073126 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the bone-regenerative potential of bioactive factors derived from adipose tissue, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and conditioned medium from hypoxia-treated human telomerase immortalized bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hTERT-MSC) was investigated in vitro with the aim to develop cost-effective and efficient bone substitutes for optimized regeneration of bone defects. Adipose tissue was harvested from human donors undergoing reconstructive surgery, and adipose tissue extract (ATE) was prepared. Platelet lysates (PL) were produced by repeated freeze-thaw cycles of PRP, and hypoxia-conditioned medium (HCM) was obtained by culturing human telomerase immortalized bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells for 5 days with 1% O2. Besides analysis by cytokine and angiogenesis arrays, ELISA was performed. Angiogenic potential was investigated in cocultures of bone-marrow-derived (BM)-MSC and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Multiple angiogenic proteins and cytokines were detected in all growth factor mixtures. HCM and ATE contained high amounts of angiogenin and CCL2/MCP-1, whereas PL contained high amounts of IGFBP-1. Culturing cells with HCM and ATE significantly increased specific ALP activity of BM-MSC as well as tubule length and junctions of endothelial networks, indicating osteogenic and angiogenic stimulation. To achieve a synergism between chemoattractive potential and osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation capacity, a combination of different growth factors appears promising for potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Bretschneider
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Technische, Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische, Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mandy Quade
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische, Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische, Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische, Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Rammelt
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Technische, Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Zwingenberger
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Technische, Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische, Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Schaser
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Technische, Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Corina Vater
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Technische, Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische, Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence:
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206
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Mossahebi-Mohammadi M, Quan M, Zhang JS, Li X. FGF Signaling Pathway: A Key Regulator of Stem Cell Pluripotency. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:79. [PMID: 32133359 PMCID: PMC7040165 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) isolated in vitro from embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced PSC (iPSC) and also post-implantation epiblast-derived stem cells (EpiSCs) are known for their two unique characteristics: the ability to give rise to all somatic lineages and the self-renewal capacity. Numerous intrinsic signaling pathways contribute to the maintenance of the pluripotency state of stem cells by tightly controlling key transcriptional regulators of stemness including sex determining region Y box 2 (Sox-2), octamer-binding transcription factor (Oct)3/4, krueppel-like factor 4 (Klf-4), Nanog, and c-Myc. Signaling by fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is of critical importance in regulating stem cells pluripotency. The FGF family is comprised of 22 ligands that interact with four FGF receptors (FGFRs). FGF/FGFR signaling governs fundamental cellular processes such as cell survival, proliferation, migration, differentiation, embryonic development, organogenesis, tissue repair/regeneration, and metabolism. FGF signaling is mediated by the activation of RAS - mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT, Phospholipase C Gamma (PLCγ), and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT), which intersects and synergizes with other signaling pathways such as Wnt, retinoic acid (RA) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling. In the current review, we summarize the role of FGF signaling in the maintenance of pluripotency state of stem cells through regulation of key transcriptional factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Mossahebi-Mohammadi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and International Collaborative Center on Growth Factor Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Meiyu Quan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and International Collaborative Center on Growth Factor Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and International Collaborative Center on Growth Factor Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and International Collaborative Center on Growth Factor Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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207
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Angiogenic protein synthesis after photobiomodulation therapy on SHED: a preliminary study. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 35:1909-1918. [PMID: 32056077 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-02975-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the viability, proliferation, and protein expression after photobiomodulation (PBM) of stem cell from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). The groups were the following: G1 (2.5 J/cm2), G2 (3.7 J/cm2), and control (not irradiated). According to the groups, cells were irradiated with InGaAlP diode laser at 660 nm wavelength, continuous mode, and single time application. After 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h from irradiation, the cell viability and proliferation, and the protein expression were analyzed by MTT, crystal violet, and ELISA multiplex assay, respectively. Twenty-four hours after PBM, SHED showed better proliferation. Over time in the supernatant, all groups had an increase at the levels of VEGF-C, VEGF-A, and PLGF. In the lysate, the control and G2 exhibited a decrease of the VEGF-A, PECAM-1, and PLGF expression, while control and G3 decreased VEGF-C, VEGF-A, and PDGF expression. The dosimetries of 2.5 J/cm2 and 3.7 J/cm2 maintained viability, improved proliferation, and synthesis of the angiogenic proteins in the supernatant in the studied periods on SHED.
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208
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Silvestro S, Chiricosta L, Gugliandolo A, Pizzicannella J, Diomede F, Bramanti P, Trubiani O, Mazzon E. Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Transcriptomic Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11020118. [PMID: 31973135 PMCID: PMC7073771 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs) have outstanding characteristics of proliferation and are able to differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic, and neurogenic cell lineages. The extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by hGMSCs contain proteins, lipids, mRNA and microRNA have emerged as important mediators of cell-to-cell communication. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome of hGMSCs-derived EVs using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). The functional evaluation of the transcriptome highlighted 26 structural protein classes and the presence of "non-coding RNAs". Our results showed that EVs contain several growth factors such as Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β), Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGF) implicated in osteoblast differentiation and in angiogenetic process. Furthermore, the transcriptomic analysis showed the presence of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family ligands and neurotrophins involved in neuronal development. The NGS analysis also identified the presence of several interleukins among which some with anti-inflammatory action. Moreover, the transcriptome profile of EVs contained members of the Wnt family, involved in several biological processes, such as cellular proliferation and tissue regeneration. In conclusion, the huge amount of growth factors included in the hGMSCs-derived EVs could make them a big resource in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Silvestro
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (L.C.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Luigi Chiricosta
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (L.C.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Agnese Gugliandolo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (L.C.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | | | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.); (O.T.)
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (L.C.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.); (O.T.)
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (L.C.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-60-12-8172
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209
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Alshehri A, Alokaili S, Shafik S, Assery N, Jafar N, Alhezaimi K. Assessment of the low-speed centrifugation concept modified in the release of fibroblast growth factor-2 in Saudi healthy patient. SAUDI JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/sjos.sjoralsci_97_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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210
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Díaz-Galindo MDC, Calderón-Vallejo D, Olvera-Sandoval C, Quintanar JL. Therapeutic approaches of trophic factors in animal models and in patients with spinal cord injury. Growth Factors 2020; 38:1-15. [PMID: 32299267 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2020.1753724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Trophic factors are naturally produced by different tissues that participate in several functions such as the intercellular communication, in the development, stability, differentiation and regeneration at the cellular level. Specifically, in the case of spinal injuries, these factors can stimulate neuronal recovery. They are applied both in experimental models and in clinical trials in patients. The trophic factors analysed in this review include gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), growth hormone (GH), melatonin, oestrogens, the family of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), the family of neurotrophins and the glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). There are some trophic (neurotrophic) factors that already been tested in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), but only shown partial recovery effect. It is possible that, the administration of these trophic factors together with physical rehabilitation, act synergistically and, therefore, significantly improve the quality of life of patients with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Carmen Díaz-Galindo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes. Av, Aguascalientes, México
| | - Denisse Calderón-Vallejo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes. Av, Aguascalientes, México
- Department of Morphology, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes. Av, Aguascalientes, México
| | - Carlos Olvera-Sandoval
- Facultad de Medicina-Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México. Dr. Humberto Torres Sanginés S/N. Centro Cívico, Mexicali, México
| | - J Luis Quintanar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes. Av, Aguascalientes, México
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211
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Haring AP, Thompson EG, Hernandez RD, Laheri S, Harrigan ME, Lear T, Sontheimer H, Johnson BN. 3D Printed Multiplexed Competitive Migration Assays with Spatially Programmable Release Sources. ADVANCED BIOSYSTEMS 2020; 4:e1900225. [PMID: 32293127 PMCID: PMC7687855 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Here, a 3D printed multiplexed competitive migration assay is reported for characterizing a chemotactic response in the presence of multiple spatially distributed chemoattractants. The utility of the assay is demonstrated by examining the chemotactic response of human glioblastoma cells to spatially opposing chemotactic gradients of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and bradykinin (BK). Competitive migration assays involving spatially opposing gradients of EGF and BK that are optimized in the absence of the second chemoattractant show that 46% more glioblastoma cells migrate toward EGF sources. The migration velocities of human glioblastoma cells toward EGF and BK sources are reduced by 7.6 ± 2.2% and 11.6 ± 6.3% relative to those found in the absence of the spatially opposing chemoattractant. This work provides new insight to the chemotactic response associated with glioblastoma-vasculature interactions and a versatile, user-friendly platform for characterizing the chemotactic response of cells in the presence of multiple spatially distributed chemoattractants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Haring
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Emily G Thompson
- Glial Biology in Health, Disease and Cancer Center, Carillion Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
| | - Raymundo D Hernandez
- Glial Biology in Health, Disease and Cancer Center, Carillion Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
| | - Sahil Laheri
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Megan E Harrigan
- Glial Biology in Health, Disease and Cancer Center, Carillion Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
| | - Taylor Lear
- Glial Biology in Health, Disease and Cancer Center, Carillion Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
| | - Harald Sontheimer
- Glial Biology in Health, Disease and Cancer Center, Carillion Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Blake N Johnson
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
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212
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Amirsadeghi A, Jafari A, Eggermont LJ, Hashemi SS, Bencherif SA, Khorram M. Vascularization strategies for skin tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4073-4094. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00266f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lack of proper vascularization after skin trauma causes delayed wound healing. This has sparked the development of various tissue engineering strategies to improve vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Amirsadeghi
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz 71348-51154
- Iran
| | - Arman Jafari
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz 71348-51154
- Iran
| | | | - Seyedeh-Sara Hashemi
- Burn & Wound Healing Research Center
- Shiraz University of Medical Science
- Shiraz 71345-1978
- Iran
| | - Sidi A. Bencherif
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Northeastern University
- Boston
- USA
- Department of Bioengineering
| | - Mohammad Khorram
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz 71348-51154
- Iran
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213
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Belvedere R, Pessolano E, Porta A, Tosco A, Parente L, Petrella F, Perretti M, Petrella A. Mesoglycan induces the secretion of microvesicles by keratinocytes able to activate human fibroblasts and endothelial cells: A novel mechanism in skin wound healing. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 869:172894. [PMID: 31883916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mesoglycan is a fibrinolytic compound but recently promising pro-healing effects in skin wound repair have been reported. Previously, we have showed that mesoglycan activates human keratinocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells and induces the secretion of microvesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, from keratinocytes. These EVs may contribute to wound healing since they further activate cells generating an autocrine loop with a positive feedback. In this work, EVs isolated from keratinocytes, treated with mesoglycan, have been tested on human fibroblasts and endothelial cells. The in vitro investigation has been carried out through Wound-Healing/invasion assays to analyze cell motility and assess the differentiation process. Then, the formation of capillary-like structures by human endothelial cells has been performed to evaluate in vitro angiogenesis. We found that EVs secreted from keratinocytes treated with mesoglycan promote fibroblasts and endothelial cells migration and invasion. Furthermore, these receiving cells acquire a mesenchymal phenotype. Additionally, the angiogenesis appears strongly enhanced in presence of this kind of EVs. In conclusion, we show that EVs deriving from keratinocytes trigger a paracrine positive feedback able to further amplify the effects of mesoglycan. This mechanism adds up to the autocrine loop previously reported and culminates with the activation of fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Particularly, this activation is amplified by the action of growth factors as FGF-2 (Fibroblast Growth Factor-2) for the fibroblasts and by VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) for the endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Belvedere
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Pessolano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Amalia Porta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Tosco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Luca Parente
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Francesco Petrella
- Primary Care, Wound Care Service, Health Local Agency Naples 3 South, Via Libertà 42, 80055, Portici, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Mauro Perretti
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Antonello Petrella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
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Olapoju SO, Adejobi OI, Le Thi X. Fibroblast growth factor 21; review on its participation in vascular calcification pathology. Vascul Pharmacol 2019; 125-126:106636. [PMID: 31881276 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2019.106636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is an independent cardiovascular event and also a complication commonly found in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic patients. The mechanisms underpinning pathophysiology of VC is yet to be fully understood. Nevertheless, certain processes are generally believed to participate in its onset and progression. VC pathology is characterized by disequilibrium in the amount of natural inhibitors and active inducers of VC process. The imbalance may favor ectopic deposition of calcium-phosphate in form of hydroxyapatite in media or intima tunica compartments of blood vessels. This eventually could trigger phenotypic switch of smooth muscle cells to osteoblasts related cells. Thus, VSMC phenotypic trans-differentiation is currently considered as one of the hallmarks of VC. At the moment, there is no approved treatment. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are a protein family that participates in varieties of biological processes. More recently, FGF21 seems to be gaining more attention with recent findings showing its anti-calcifying efficacy. In this review, the aim is to point out specific processes involved in VC and also to highlight the participation of FGF21 in the pathology of vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel O Olapoju
- EA 7288, Biocommunication en Cardiometabolique (BC2M), Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, France; National Institute of Medicinal Materials, 3B Quang Trung Str., Hoan Kiem Dist., Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Oluwaniyi Isaiah Adejobi
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institutes of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xoan Le Thi
- National Institute of Medicinal Materials, 3B Quang Trung Str., Hoan Kiem Dist., Hanoi, Viet Nam
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215
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Sharma P, Kumar P, Sharma R, Bhatt VD, Dhot PS. Tissue Engineering; Current Status & Futuristic Scope. J Med Life 2019; 12:225-229. [PMID: 31666821 PMCID: PMC6814873 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2019-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Almost 30 years have passed since the term ‘tissue engineering’ was created to represent a new concept that focuses on the regeneration of neotissues from cells with the support of biomaterials and growth factors. This interdisciplinary engineering has attracted much attention as a new therapeutic means that may overcome the drawbacks involved in the current artificial organs and organ transplantation that have also been aiming at replacing lost or severely damaged tissues or organs. However, the tissues regenerated by tissue engineering and widely applied to patients are still minimal, including skin, bone, cartilage, capillary, and periodontal tissues. What are the reasons for such slow advances in clinical applications of tissue engineering? This article gives a brief overview of the current state of tissue engineering, covering the fundamentals and applications. The fundamentals of tissue engineering involve cell sources, scaffolds for cell expansion and differentiation, as well as carriers for growth factors. Animal and human trials are a major part of the applications. Based on these results, some critical problems to be resolved for the advances of tissue engineering are addressed from the engineering point of view, emphasizing the close collaboration between medical doctors and biomaterials scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Santosh Medical College and Hospital (Santosh University), Ghaziabad, UP, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Santosh Medical College and Hospital (Santosh University), Ghaziabad, UP, India
| | - Rachna Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, TSM Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Vijaya Dhar Bhatt
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, UP, India
| | - P S Dhot
- Department of Pathology, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, UP, India
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216
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Kuttappan S, Jo JI, Menon D, Ishimoto T, Nakano T, Nair SV, Tabata Y, Nair MB. ONO-1301 loaded nanocomposite scaffolds modulate cAMP mediated signaling and induce new bone formation in critical sized bone defect. Biomater Sci 2019; 8:884-896. [PMID: 31822874 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01352k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies on bone regeneration demonstrate the use of low cost and stable small molecules, which avoid the adverse effect and high cost of growth factors. Herein, we investigate the chemotactic, angiogenic and osteoinductive potential of a prostacyclin analogue, ONO-1301, when delivered through a biomimetic nanocomposite scaffold (nanohydroxyapatite-gelatin matrix reinforced with fibers) for bone tissue regeneration. The small molecule was loaded onto the scaffold in three different concentrations. There was burst release from all the groups of scaffolds within 24 h followed by a sustained release up to 14 days, but the concentration was dependent on loading percentage. ONO-1301 loaded scaffolds augmented the migration, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), but increasing the concentration beyond a certain dose did not show any effect. The osteoinduction was mediated through the prostaglandin I2 receptor and cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling pathway. They also promoted new bone formation in large sized calvarial defects in rats compared to the scaffold alone, but did not show any impact on angiogenesis. Hence, this study suggests the chemotactic and osteoinductive capability of ONO-1301 for the repair and regeneration of critical sized bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthy Kuttappan
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India.
| | - Jun-Ichiro Jo
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | - Deepthy Menon
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India.
| | - Takuya Ishimoto
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nakano
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shantikumar V Nair
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India.
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | - Manitha B Nair
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India.
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Pachito DV, Latorraca CDOC, Riera R. Efficacy of platelet-rich plasma for non-transfusion use: Overview of systematic reviews. Int J Clin Pract 2019; 73:e13402. [PMID: 31408240 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a blood component therapy with a supraphysiological concentration of platelets derived from allogenic or, more commonly, autologous blood. PRP has been used in different non-transfusion indications because of its role in the promotion of tissue repair and healing, in fields such as Traumatology, Dermatology and Dentistry. OBJECTIVE To provide a synthesis of the efficacy of PRP for different clinical situations. METHODS Systematic searches were carried out in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and LILACS in July 2018 to identify systematic reviews (SRs) of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) focusing on PRP for non-transfusion use. Two authors independently screened all retrieved references in two stages (titles and abstracts at a first stage and full texts at a second stage). The methodological quality of SRs that met the eligibility criteria was appraised by AMSTAR 2. Conclusions were based on the most recent SRs with highest quality. RESULTS One thousand two hundred and forty references were retrieved. After checking the inclusion criteria, 29 SRs of RCTs related to three different fields (wound care, Orthopedics and Dentistry) were included. The results suggest the benefit of PRP for different clinical situations, such as diabetic wounds, acute lesions of musculoskeletal system, rotator cuff lesions, tendinopathies, knee and hip osteoarthritis, total knee arthroplasty, allogenic bone graft for dental implants and periodontal intrabony defects. CONCLUSION There is low to moderate quality evidence supporting the efficacy of PRP for specific clinical situations. The low quality of the evidence limits the certainty of these findings. Well-planned and well-conducted RCTs are still needed to further assess the efficacy of PRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Vianna Pachito
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias de Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil
- Disciplina de Economia e Gestão da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rachel Riera
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias de Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil
- Evidence Based Health Program, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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218
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Isali I, Al-Sadawi MAA, Qureshi A, Khalifa AO, Agrawal MK, Shukla S. Growth factors involve in cellular proliferation, differentiation and migration during prostate cancer metastasis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 2:1-13. [PMID: 32259163 PMCID: PMC7133721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Growth factors play active role in cells proliferation, embryonic development regulation and cellular differentiation. Altered level growth factors promote malignant transformation of normal cells. There has been significant progress made in form of drugs, inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies against altered growth factor to treat the malignant form of cancer. Moreover, these altered growth factors in prostate cancer increases steroidal hormone levels, which promotes progression. Though this review we are highlighting the majorly involved growth factors in prostate carcinogenesis, this will enable to better design the therapeutic strategies to inhibit prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaha Isali
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - Arshna Qureshi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Ahmad O. Khalifa
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Urology, Menofia University, Shebin Al kom, Egypt
| | | | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
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219
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Genetic Variation Underpinning ADHD Risk in a Caribbean Community. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080907. [PMID: 31426340 PMCID: PMC6721689 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable and prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder that frequently persists into adulthood. Strong evidence from genetic studies indicates that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) harboured in the ADGRL3 (LPHN3), SNAP25, FGF1, DRD4, and SLC6A2 genes are associated with ADHD. We genotyped 26 SNPs harboured in genes previously reported to be associated with ADHD and evaluated their potential association in 386 individuals belonging to 113 nuclear families from a Caribbean community in Barranquilla, Colombia, using family-based association tests. SNPs rs362990-SNAP25 (T allele; p = 2.46 × 10−4), rs2282794-FGF1 (A allele; p = 1.33 × 10−2), rs2122642-ADGRL3 (C allele, p = 3.5 × 10−2), and ADGRL3 haplotype CCC (markers rs1565902-rs10001410-rs2122642, OR = 1.74, Ppermuted = 0.021) were significantly associated with ADHD. Our results confirm the susceptibility to ADHD conferred by SNAP25, FGF1, and ADGRL3 variants in a community with a significant African American component, and provide evidence supporting the existence of specific patterns of genetic stratification underpinning the susceptibility to ADHD. Knowledge of population genetics is crucial to define risk and predict susceptibility to disease.
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220
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Townsend SE, Gannon M. Extracellular Matrix-Associated Factors Play Critical Roles in Regulating Pancreatic β-Cell Proliferation and Survival. Endocrinology 2019; 160:1885-1894. [PMID: 31271410 PMCID: PMC6656423 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This review describes formation of the islet basement membrane and the function of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in β-cell proliferation and survival. Implications for islet transplantation are discussed. The insulin-producing β-cell is key for maintaining glucose homeostasis. The islet microenvironment greatly influences β-cell survival and proliferation. Within the islet, β-cells contact the ECM, which is deposited primarily by intraislet endothelial cells, and this interaction has been shown to modulate proliferation and survival. ECM-localized growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor and cellular communication network 2, signal through specific receptors and integrins on the β-cell surface. Further understanding of how the ECM functions to influence β-cell proliferation and survival will provide targets for enhancing functional β-cell mass for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E Townsend
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Maureen Gannon
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Health Authority, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Correspondence: Maureen Gannon, PhD, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2213 Garland Avenue, MRB IV 7465, Nashville, Tennessee 37232. E-mail:
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221
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Chang CY, Lee KW, Wu CS, Huang YH, Chang HC, Chen CL, Li CT, Li MJ, Chang CF, Chen PW. Identification of sugar response complex in the metallothionein OsMT2b gene promoter for enhancement of foreign protein production in transgenic rice. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:899-914. [PMID: 31004187 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A 146-bp sugar response complex MTSRC is identified in the promoter of rice metallothionein OsMT2b gene conferring high-level expression of luciferase reporter gene and bioactive recombinant haFGF in transgenic rice. A rice subfamily type 2 plant metallothionein (pMT) gene, OsMT2b, encoding a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger protein, has been previously shown to exhibit the most abundant gene expression in young rice seedling. Expression of OsMT2b was found to be regulated negatively by ethylene and hydrogen peroxide in rice stem node under flooding stress, but little is known about its response to sugar depletion. In this study, transient expression assay and transgenic approach were employed to characterize the regulation of the OsMT2b gene expression in rice. We found that the expression of OsMT2b gene is induced by sugar starvation in both rice suspension cells and germinated embryos. Deletion analysis and functional assay of the OsMT2b promoter revealed that the 5'-flanking region of the OsMT2b between nucleotides - 351 and - 121, which contains the sugar response complex (- 266 to - 121, designated MTSRC) is responsible for high-level promoter activity under sugar starvation. It was also found that MTSRC significantly enhances the Act1 promoter activity in transgenic rice cells and seedlings. The modified Act1 promoter, Act1-MTSRC, was used to produce the recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor (haFGF) in rice cells. Our result shows that the bioactive recombinant haFGF is stably produced in transformed rice cell culture and yields are up to 2% of total medium proteins. Our studies reveal that MTSRC serves as a strong transcriptional activator and the Act1-MTSRC promoter can be applicable in establishing an efficient expression system for the high-level production of foreign proteins in transgenic rice cells and seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Chang
- Department of BioAgricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Lee
- Department of BioAgricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Shen Wu
- Department of BioAgricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsing Huang
- Department of BioAgricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Chun Chang
- Department of BioAgricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | | | - Chen-Tung Li
- PRIT Biotech Co., Ltd., Chunan, 35053, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Min-Jeng Li
- Department of BioAgricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Fu Chang
- Department of BioAgricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Wen Chen
- Department of BioAgricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan.
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222
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The goddess who spins the thread of life: Klotho, psychiatric stress, and accelerated aging. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 80:193-203. [PMID: 30872092 PMCID: PMC6660403 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longevity gene klotho (KL) is associated with age-related phenotypes but has not been evaluated against a direct human biomarker of cellular aging. We examined KL and psychiatric stress, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is thought to potentiate accelerated aging, in association with biomarkers of cellular aging. METHODS The sample comprised 309 white, non-Hispanic genotyped veterans with measures of epigenetic age (DNA methylation age), telomere length (n = 252), inflammation (C-reactive protein), psychiatric symptoms, metabolic function, and white matter neural integrity (diffusion tensor imaging; n = 185). Genotyping and DNA methylation were obtained on epi/genome-wide beadchips. RESULTS In gene by environment analyses, two KL variants (rs9315202 and rs9563121) interacted with PTSD severity (peak corrected p = 0.044) and sleep disturbance (peak corrected p = 0.034) to predict advanced epigenetic age. KL variant, rs398655, interacted with self-reported pain in association with slowed epigenetic age (corrected p = 0.048). A well-studied protective variant, rs9527025, was associated with slowed epigenetic age (p = 0.046). The peak PTSD interaction term (with rs9315202) also predicted C-reactive protein (p = 0.049), and white matter microstructural integrity in two tracts (corrected ps = 0.005 - 0.035). This SNP evidenced a main effect with an index of metabolic syndrome severity (p = 0.015). Effects were generally accentuated in older subjects. CONCLUSIONS Rs9315202 predicted multiple biomarkers of cellular aging such that psychiatric stress was more strongly associated with cellular aging in those with the minor allele. KL genotype may contribute to a synchronized pathological aging response to stress and could be a therapeutic target to alter the pace of cellular aging.
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223
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Branscome H, Paul S, Khatkar P, Kim Y, Barclay RA, Pinto DO, Yin D, Zhou W, Liotta LA, El-Hage N, Kashanchi F. Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles and their Potential to Contribute to the Repair of Damaged CNS Cells. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2019; 15:520-537. [PMID: 31338754 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-019-09865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neurological diseases and disorders are leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Many of these pathologies are associated with high levels of neuroinflammation and irreparable tissue damage. As the global burden of these pathologies continues to rise there is a significant need for the development of novel therapeutics. Due to their multipotent properties, stem cells have broad applications for tissue repair; additionally, stem cells have been shown to possess both immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties. It is now believed that paracrine factors, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs), play a critical role in the functionality associated with stem cells. The diverse biological cargo contained within EVs are proposed to mediate these effects and, to date, the reparative and regenerative effects of stem cell EVs have been demonstrated in a wide range of cell types. While a high potential for their therapeutic use exists, there is a gap of knowledge surrounding their characterization, mechanisms of action, and how they may regulate cells of the CNS. Here, we report the isolation, characterization, and functional assessment of EVs from two sources of human stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. We demonstrate the ability of these EVs to enhance the processes of cellular migration and angiogenesis, which are critical for both normal cellular development as well as cellular repair. Furthermore, we investigate their reparative effects on damaged cells, specifically those with relevance to the central nervous system. Collectively, our data highlight the similarities and differences among these EV populations and support the view that stem cells EV can be used to repair or partially reverse cellular damage. Graphical Abstract Stem cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) for repair of damaged cells. EVs isolated from human induced pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells contribute to the partial reversal of phenotypes induced by different sources of cellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Branscome
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Discovery Hall Room 182, 10900 University Blvd, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA.,American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manassas, VA, USA
| | | | - Pooja Khatkar
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Discovery Hall Room 182, 10900 University Blvd, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | - Yuriy Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Discovery Hall Room 182, 10900 University Blvd, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | - Robert A Barclay
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Discovery Hall Room 182, 10900 University Blvd, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | - Daniel O Pinto
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Discovery Hall Room 182, 10900 University Blvd, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | | | - Weidong Zhou
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Lance A Liotta
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Nazira El-Hage
- Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Fatah Kashanchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Discovery Hall Room 182, 10900 University Blvd, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA.
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Arunkumar P, Dougherty JA, Weist J, Kumar N, Angelos MG, Powell HM, Khan M. Sustained Release of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) Encapsulated Polycaprolactone (PCL) Microspheres Promote Angiogenesis In Vivo. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1037. [PMID: 31330782 PMCID: PMC6669517 DOI: 10.3390/nano9071037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in the Unites States and globally. The administration of growth factors to preserve cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI) is currently being explored. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), a potent angiogenic factor has poor clinical efficacy due to its short biological half-life and low plasma stability. The goal of this study was to develop bFGF-loaded polycaprolactone (PCL) microspheres for sustained release of bFGF and to evaluate its angiogenic potential. The bFGF-PCL microspheres (bFGF-PCL-MS) were fabricated using the emulsion solvent-evaporation method and found to have spherical morphology with a mean size of 4.21 ± 1.28 µm. In vitro bFGF release studies showed a controlled release for up to 30 days. Treatment of HUVECs with bFGF-PCL-MS in vitro enhanced their cell proliferation and migration properties when compared to the untreated control group. Treatment of HUVECs with release media from bFGF-PCL-MS also significantly increased expression of angiogenic genes (bFGF and VEGFA) as compared to untreated cells. The in vivo angiogenic potential of these bFGF-PCL-MS was further confirmed in rats using a Matrigel plug assay with subsequent immunohistochemical staining showing increased expression of angiogenic markers. Overall, bFGF-PCL-MS could serve as a potential angiogenic agent to promote cell survival and angiogenesis following an acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pala Arunkumar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Julie A Dougherty
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jessica Weist
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mark G Angelos
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Heather M Powell
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Research Department, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Cincinnati, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mahmood Khan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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225
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Glaser L, Coulter PJ, Shields M, Touzelet O, Power UF, Broadbent L. Airway Epithelial Derived Cytokines and Chemokines and Their Role in the Immune Response to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection. Pathogens 2019; 8:E106. [PMID: 31331089 PMCID: PMC6789711 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8030106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelium is the primary target of respiratory syncytial virus infection. It is an important component of the antiviral immune response. It contributes to the recruitment and activation of innate immune cells from the periphery through the secretion of cytokines and chemokines. This paper provides a broad review of the cytokines and chemokines secreted from human airway epithelial cell models during respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection based on a comprehensive literature review. Epithelium-derived chemokines constitute most inflammatory mediators secreted from the epithelium during RSV infection. This suggests chemo-attraction of peripheral immune cells, such as monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and natural killer cells as a key function of the epithelium. The reports of epithelium-derived cytokines are limited. Recent research has started to identify novel cytokines, the functions of which remain largely unknown in the wider context of the RSV immune response. It is argued that the correct choice of in vitro models used for investigations of epithelial immune functions during RSV infection could facilitate greater progress in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Glaser
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Patricia J Coulter
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast BT12 6BE, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Michael Shields
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast BT12 6BE, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Olivier Touzelet
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Ultan F Power
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Lindsay Broadbent
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK.
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226
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Savchenko E, Teku GN, Boza-Serrano A, Russ K, Berns M, Deierborg T, Lamas NJ, Wichterle H, Rothstein J, Henderson CE, Vihinen M, Roybon L. FGF family members differentially regulate maturation and proliferation of stem cell-derived astrocytes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9610. [PMID: 31270389 PMCID: PMC6610107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46110-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) is upregulated during astrocyte development and maturation in vivo and is vital for astrocyte function. Yet it is expressed at low levels by most cultured astrocytes. We previously showed that maturation of human and mouse stem cell-derived astrocytes – including functional glutamate uptake – could be enhanced by fibroblast growth factor (FGF)1 or FGF2. Here, we examined the specificity and mechanism of action of FGF2 and other FGF family members, as well as neurotrophic and differentiation factors, on mouse embryonic stem cell-derived astrocytes. We found that some FGFs – including FGF2, strongly increased GLT1 expression and enhanced astrocyte proliferation, while others (FGF16 and FGF18) mainly affected maturation. Interestingly, BMP4 increased astrocytic GFAP expression, and BMP4-treated astrocytes failed to promote the survival of motor neurons in vitro. Whole transcriptome analysis showed that FGF2 treatment regulated multiple genes linked to cell division, and that the mRNA encoding GLT1 was one of the most strongly upregulated of all astrocyte canonical markers. Since GLT1 is expressed at reduced levels in many neurodegenerative diseases, activation of this pathway is of potential therapeutic interest. Furthermore, treatment with FGFs provides a robust means for expansion of functionally mature stem cell-derived astrocytes for preclinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Savchenko
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D10, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden.,MultiPark and Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gabriel N Teku
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, BMC B13, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Antonio Boza-Serrano
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, BMC B11, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kaspar Russ
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D10, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden.,MultiPark and Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Manon Berns
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D10, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden.,MultiPark and Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tomas Deierborg
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, BMC B11, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nuno J Lamas
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal, and ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Anatomic Pathology Service, Pathology Department, Hospital and University Center of Porto, Largo Professor Abel Salazar, 4099-001, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hynek Wichterle
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Neurology, and Neuroscience, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Project A.L.S./Jenifer Estess Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jeffrey Rothstein
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Christopher E Henderson
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Neurology, and Neuroscience, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Project A.L.S./Jenifer Estess Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Target ALS Foundation, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Mauno Vihinen
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, BMC B13, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Laurent Roybon
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D10, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden. .,MultiPark and Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden.
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227
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Goonoo N, Bhaw-Luximon A. Mimicking growth factors: role of small molecule scaffold additives in promoting tissue regeneration and repair. RSC Adv 2019; 9:18124-18146. [PMID: 35702423 PMCID: PMC9115879 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02765c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of tissue engineering scaffolds is to mimic the in vivo environment and promote tissue growth. In this quest, a number of strategies have been developed such as enhancing cell-material interactions through modulation of scaffold physico-chemical parameters. However, more is required for scaffolds to relate to the cell natural environment. Growth factors (GFs) secreted by cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) are involved in both normal repair and abnormal remodeling. The direct use of GFs on their own or when incorporated within scaffolds represent a number of challenges such as release rate, stability and shelf-life. Small molecules have been proposed as promising alternatives to GFs as they are able to minimize or overcome many shortcomings of GFs, in particular immune response and instability. Despite the promise of small molecules in various TE applications, their direct use is limited by nonspecific adverse effects on non-target tissues and organs. Hence, they have been incorporated within scaffolds to localize their actions and control their release to target sites. However, scanty rationale is available which links the chemical structure of these molecules with their mode of action. We herewith review various small molecules either when used on their own or when incorporated within polymeric carriers/scaffolds for bone, cartilage, neural, adipose and skin tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nowsheen Goonoo
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology (BDDN) Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius Réduit Mauritius
| | - Archana Bhaw-Luximon
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology (BDDN) Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius Réduit Mauritius
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228
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Ramadhan W, Kagawa G, Hamada Y, Moriyama K, Wakabayashi R, Minamihata K, Goto M, Kamiya N. Enzymatically Prepared Dual Functionalized Hydrogels with Gelatin and Heparin To Facilitate Cellular Attachment and Proliferation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2600-2609. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wahyu Ramadhan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Genki Kagawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yusei Hamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kousuke Moriyama
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sasebo National College of Technology, Okishin-cho, Sasebo, Nagasaki 857−1193, Japan
| | - Rie Wakabayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kosuke Minamihata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masahiro Goto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Noriho Kamiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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229
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Yoshida GJ, Azuma A, Miura Y, Orimo A. Activated Fibroblast Program Orchestrates Tumor Initiation and Progression; Molecular Mechanisms and the Associated Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092256. [PMID: 31067787 PMCID: PMC6539414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
: Neoplastic epithelial cells coexist in carcinomas with various non-neoplastic stromal cells, together creating the tumor microenvironment. There is a growing interest in the cross-talk between tumor cells and stromal fibroblasts referred to as carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are frequently present in human carcinomas. CAF populations extracted from different human carcinomas have been shown to possess the ability to influence the hallmarks of cancer. Indeed, several mechanisms underlying CAF-promoted tumorigenesis are elucidated. Activated fibroblasts in CAFs are characterized as alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts and actin-negative fibroblasts, both of which are competent to support tumor growth and progression. There are, however, heterogeneous CAF populations presumably due to the diverse sources of their progenitors in the tumor-associated stroma. Thus, molecular markers allowing identification of bona fide CAF populations with tumor-promoting traits remain under investigation. CAFs and myofibroblasts in wound healing and fibrosis share biological properties and support epithelial cell growth, not only by remodeling the extracellular matrix, but also by producing numerous growth factors and inflammatory cytokines. Notably, accumulating evidence strongly suggests that anti-fibrosis agents suppress tumor development and progression. In this review, we highlight important tumor-promoting roles of CAFs based on their analogies with wound-derived myofibroblasts and discuss the potential therapeutic strategy targeting CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go J Yoshida
- Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Arata Azuma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1138603, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Miura
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1138603, Japan.
| | - Akira Orimo
- Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
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230
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Nakamura S, Ito T, Okamoto K, Mima T, Uchida K, Siddiqui YD, Ito M, Tai M, Okubo K, Yamashiro K, Omori K, Yamamoto T, Matsushita O, Takashiba S. Acceleration of bone regeneration of horizontal bone defect in rats using collagen-binding basic fibroblast growth factor combined with collagen scaffolds. J Periodontol 2019; 90:1043-1052. [PMID: 30889294 PMCID: PMC6850180 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been applied for periodontal regeneration. However, the application depends on bone defect morphology because bFGF diffuses rapidly from defect sites. In a previous study, collagen‐binding bFGF (CB‐bFGF) has been shown to enhance bone formation by collagen‐anchoring in the orthopedic field. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of CB‐bFGF with collagen scaffolds in bone regeneration of horizontal bone defect. Methods Cell proliferation activity and collagen binding activity of CB‐bFGF was confirmed by WST‐8 assay and collagen binding assay, respectively. The retention of CB‐bFGF in the collagen sheet (CS) was measured by fluorescence imaging. The rat horizontal alveolar bone defect model was employed to investigate the efficacy of CB‐bFGF with collagen powder (CP). After 4 and 8 weeks, the regenerative efficacy was evaluated by microcomputed tomography, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses. Results CB‐bFGF had a comparable proliferation activity to bFGF and a collagen binding activity. CB‐bFGF was retained in CS longer than bFGF. At 8 weeks postoperation, bone volume, bone mineral content, and new bone area in CB‐bFGF/CP group were significantly increased compared with those in other groups. Furthermore, epithelial downgrowth was significantly suppressed in CB‐bFGF/CP group. At 4 weeks, the numbers of osteocalcin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and osteopontin‐positive cells at the regeneration site in CB‐bFGF/CP group were greater than those in other groups. Conclusions CB‐bFGF/CP effectively promoted bone regeneration of horizontal bone defect possibly by sustained release of bFGF. The potential of CB‐bFGF composite material for improved periodontal regeneration in vertical axis was shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Nakamura
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan.,Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Medical Politics Economic Section, Medical Equipment Policy Office, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okamoto
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takehiko Mima
- Department of Bacteriology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kentaro Uchida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasir D Siddiqui
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masako Tai
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keisuke Okubo
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yamashiro
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Omori
- Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yamamoto
- Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Osamu Matsushita
- Department of Bacteriology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shogo Takashiba
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
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231
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Merchán WH, Gómez LA, Chasoy ME, Alfonso-Rodríguez CA, Muñoz AL. Platelet-rich plasma, a powerful tool in dermatology. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:892-901. [PMID: 30793521 DOI: 10.1002/term.2832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a platelet concentrate contained in a small volume of plasma, has become a promising option in the last decade to treat different diseases related to the skin due to its high concentration of growth factors. When it is of autologous origin, it decreases the probability of suffering adverse reactions and transfusion-transmitted infections, thus it is an optimal and safe therapy for the patient. PRP has been used in the treatment of several dermatological conditions such as acne, alopecia, and skin ulcers. Its use has also extended to other skin conditions such as melasma, hyperpigmentation, and burns, where it stimulates tissue repair and regeneration. The purpose of this article is to review the management and treatment of different dermatological alterations with PRP. Although there are a variety of studies that support the use of PRP, more research is needed to standardise the protocols for obtaining, processing, and applying it as well as understanding the biological and molecular bases of its functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lina A Gómez
- Biomedical Research Center (Cibus), School of Medicine, Universidad de la Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - María E Chasoy
- School of Medicine, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Ana L Muñoz
- Cellular and Functional Biology and Biomolecules Engineering Group, School of Science, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
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232
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Nourian Dehkordi A, Mirahmadi Babaheydari F, Chehelgerdi M, Raeisi Dehkordi S. Skin tissue engineering: wound healing based on stem-cell-based therapeutic strategies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:111. [PMID: 30922387 PMCID: PMC6440165 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal wound healing is a dynamic and complex multiple phase process involving coordinated interactions between growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and various cells. Any failure in these phases may lead wounds to become chronic and have abnormal scar formation. Chronic wounds affect patients' quality of life, since they require repetitive treatments and incur considerable medical costs. Thus, much effort has been focused on developing novel therapeutic approaches for wound treatment. Stem-cell-based therapeutic strategies have been proposed to treat these wounds. They have shown considerable potential for improving the rate and quality of wound healing and regenerating the skin. However, there are many challenges for using stem cells in skin regeneration. In this review, we present some sets of the data published on using embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and adult stem cells in healing wounds. Additionally, we will discuss the different angles whereby these cells can contribute to their unique features and show the current drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Nourian Dehkordi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mirahmadi Babaheydari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Chehelgerdi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
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233
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Mattinzoli D, Ikehata M, Tsugawa K, Alfieri CM, Barilani M, Lazzari L, Andreetta P, Elli FM, Mantovani G, Messa P. FGF23 and Fetuin-A Interaction and Mesenchymal Osteogenic Transformation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040915. [PMID: 30791553 PMCID: PMC6412477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we found a strict bone association between Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and Fetuin-A, both involved in cardiovascular and mineral bone disorders. In this study, an uninvestigated bone marrow positivity for both was found. Though the role of exogenous FGF23 on mesenchymal cells (MSCs) was reported, no information is as yet available on the possible production of this hormone by MSCs. To further analyze these uninvestigated aspects, we studied human primary cells and mouse and human cell lines by means of immunostaining, qRT-PCR, enzyme linked immunosorbent assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, transfection, and a streamlined approach for the FGF23⁻Fetuin-A interaction called Duolink proximity ligation assay. Mesenchymal cells produce but do not secrete FGF23 and its expression increases during osteo-differentiation. Fibroblast growth factor 23 is also involved in the regulation of Fetuin-A by binding directly to the Fetuin-A promoter and then activating its transcription. Both FGF23 overexpression and addition induced an upregulation of Fetuin-A in the absence of osteo-inducer factors. Fibroblast growth factor 23 and Fetuin-A promoter were increased by osteo-inducer factors with this effect being abolished after FGF23 silencing. In conclusion, both FGF23 and Fetuin-A are present and strictly linked to each other in MSCs with FGF23 driving Fetuin-A production. This mechanism suggests a role for these two proteins in the osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Mattinzoli
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Masami Ikehata
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Koji Tsugawa
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Carlo M Alfieri
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal transplant Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Mario Barilani
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Cell Factory, Regenerative medicine laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Cell Factory, Regenerative medicine laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Andreetta
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesca M Elli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Endocrinology Unit, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Endocrinology Unit, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Piergiorgio Messa
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal transplant Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
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234
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White shark genome reveals ancient elasmobranch adaptations associated with wound healing and the maintenance of genome stability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:4446-4455. [PMID: 30782839 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1819778116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The white shark (Carcharodon carcharias; Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) is one of the most publicly recognized marine animals. Here we report the genome sequence of the white shark and comparative evolutionary genomic analyses to the chondrichthyans, whale shark (Elasmobranchii) and elephant shark (Holocephali), as well as various vertebrates. The 4.63-Gbp white shark genome contains 24,520 predicted genes, and has a repeat content of 58.5%. We provide evidence for a history of positive selection and gene-content enrichments regarding important genome stability-related genes and functional categories, particularly so for the two elasmobranchs. We hypothesize that the molecular adaptive emphasis on genome stability in white and whale sharks may reflect the combined selective pressure of large genome sizes, high repeat content, high long-interspersed element retrotransposon representation, large body size, and long lifespans, represented across these two species. Molecular adaptation for wound healing was also evident, with positive selection in key genes involved in the wound-healing process, as well as Gene Ontology enrichments in fundamental wound-healing pathways. Sharks, particularly apex predators such as the white shark, are believed to have an acute sense of smell. However, we found very few olfactory receptor genes, very few trace amine-associated receptors, and extremely low numbers of G protein-coupled receptors. We did however, identify 13 copies of vomeronasal type 2 (V2R) genes in white shark and 10 in whale shark; this, combined with the over 30 V2Rs reported previously for elephant shark, suggests this gene family may underlie the keen odorant reception of chondrichthyans.
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235
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Plotkin LI, Bruzzaniti A. Molecular signaling in bone cells: Regulation of cell differentiation and survival. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2019; 116:237-281. [PMID: 31036293 PMCID: PMC7416488 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The achievement of proper bone mass and architecture, and their maintenance throughout life requires the concerted actions of osteoblasts, the bone forming cells, and osteoclasts, the bone resorbing cells. The differentiation and activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts are regulated by molecules produced by matrix-embedded osteocytes, as well as by cross talk between osteoblasts and osteoclasts through secreted factors. In addition, it is likely that direct contact between osteoblast and osteoclast precursors, and the contact of these cells with osteocytes and cells in the bone marrow, also modulates bone cell differentiation and function. With the advancement of molecular and genetic tools, our comprehension of the intracellular signals activated in bone cells has evolved significantly, from early suggestions that osteoblasts and osteoclasts have common precursors and that osteocytes are inert cells in the bone matrix, to the very sophisticated understanding of a network of receptors, ligands, intracellular kinases/phosphatases, transcription factors, and cell-specific genes that are known today. These advances have allowed the design and FDA-approval of new therapies to preserve and increase bone mass and strength in a wide variety of pathological conditions, improving bone health from early childhood to the elderly. We have summarized here the current knowledge on selected intracellular signal pathways activated in osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian I Plotkin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
| | - Angela Bruzzaniti
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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236
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Bray C, Gurnani P, Mansfield EDH, Peltier R, Perrier S. Sulfonated Copolymers as Heparin-Mimicking Stabilizer of Fibroblast Growth Factor: Size, Architecture, and Monomer Distribution Effects. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:285-293. [PMID: 30543415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are involved in a wide range of biological processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation. In living organisms, the binding of FGF to its receptors are mediated through electrostatic interactions between FGF and naturally occurring heparin. Despite its prevalent use in medicine, heparin carries notable limitations; namely, its extraction from natural sources (expensive, low yield and extensive purification), viral contamination, and batch-to-batch heterogeneity. In this work a range of synthetic homopolymers and copolymers of sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate were evaluated as potential FGF stabilizers. This was studied by measuring the proliferation of BaF3-FR1c cells, as a model assay, and the results will be compared with the natural stabilization and activation of FGF by heparin. This study explores the structure-activity relationship of these polysulfonated polymers with a focus on the effect of molecular weight, comonomer type, charge dispersion, and polymer architecture on protein stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bray
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Pratik Gurnani
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Edward D H Mansfield
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Raoul Peltier
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
- Warwick Medical School , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Monash University , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
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237
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Wu X, Gu Y. Signaling Mechanisms Underlying Genetic Pathophysiology of Craniosynostosis. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:298-311. [PMID: 30745822 PMCID: PMC6367540 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.29183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniosynostosis, is the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures which is the second most common cranial facial anomalies. The premature cranial sutures leads to deformity of skull shape and restricts the growth of brain, which might elicit severe neurologic damage. Craniosynostosis exhibit close correlations with a varieties of syndromes. During the past two decades, as the appliance of high throughput DNA sequencing techniques, steady progresses has been made in identifying gene mutations in both syndromic and nonsyndromic cases, which allow researchers to better understanding the genetic roles in the development of cranial vault. As the enrichment of known mutations involved in the pathogenic of premature sutures fusion, multiple signaling pathways have been investigated to dissect the underlying mechanisms beneath the disease. In addition to genetic etiology, environment factors, especially mechanics, have also been proposed to have vital roles during the pathophysiological of craniosynostosis. However, the influence of mechanics factors in the cranial development remains largely unknown. In this review, we present a brief overview of the updated genetic mutations and environmental factors identified in both syndromic and nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. Furthermore, potential molecular signaling pathways and its relations have been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR. China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR. China
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238
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Ashammakhi N, Ahadian S, Xu C, Montazerian H, Ko H, Nasiri R, Barros N, Khademhosseini A. Bioinks and bioprinting technologies to make heterogeneous and biomimetic tissue constructs. Mater Today Bio 2019; 1:100008. [PMID: 32159140 PMCID: PMC7061634 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2019.100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The native tissues are complex structures consisting of different cell types, extracellular matrix materials, and biomolecules. Traditional tissue engineering strategies have not been able to fully reproduce biomimetic and heterogeneous tissue constructs because of the lack of appropriate biomaterials and technologies. However, recently developed three-dimensional bioprinting techniques can be leveraged to produce biomimetic and complex tissue structures. To achieve this, multicomponent bioinks composed of multiple biomaterials (natural, synthetic, or hybrid natural-synthetic biomaterials), different types of cells, and soluble factors have been developed. In addition, advanced bioprinting technologies have enabled us to print multimaterial bioinks with spatial and microscale resolution in a rapid and continuous manner, aiming to reproduce the complex architecture of the native tissues. This review highlights important advances in heterogeneous bioinks and bioprinting technologies to fabricate biomimetic tissue constructs. Opportunities and challenges to further accelerate this research area are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Ashammakhi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oulu University, Oulu, 8000, Finland
| | - S. Ahadian
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - C. Xu
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - H. Montazerian
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - H. Ko
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - R. Nasiri
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11365-11155, Iran
| | - N. Barros
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - A. Khademhosseini
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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239
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Subbiah R, Guldberg RE. Materials Science and Design Principles of Growth Factor Delivery Systems in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801000. [PMID: 30398700 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Growth factors (GFs) are signaling molecules that direct cell development by providing biochemical cues for stem cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. GFs play a key role in tissue regeneration, but one major limitation of GF-based therapies is dosage-related adverse effects. Additionally, the clinical applications and efficacy of GFs are significantly affected by the efficiency of delivery systems and other pharmacokinetic factors. Hence, it is crucial to design delivery systems that provide optimal activity, stability, and tunable delivery for GFs. Understanding the physicochemical properties of the GFs and the biomaterials utilized for the development of biomimetic GF delivery systems is critical for GF-based regeneration. Many different delivery systems have been developed to achieve tunable delivery kinetics for single or multiple GFs. The identification of ideal biomaterials with tunable properties for spatiotemporal delivery of GFs is still challenging. This review characterizes the types, properties, and functions of GFs, the materials science of widely used biomaterials, and various GF loading strategies to comprehensively summarize the current delivery systems for tunable spatiotemporal delivery of GFs aimed for tissue regeneration applications. This review concludes by discussing fundamental design principles for GF delivery vehicles based on the interactive physicochemical properties of the proteins and biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Subbiah
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience; George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Robert E. Guldberg
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience; George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact; 6231 University of Oregon; Eugene OR 97403 USA
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240
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Therapeutic targeting of angiogenesis molecular pathways in angiogenesis-dependent diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 110:775-785. [PMID: 30554116 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a critical step in the progression of almost all human malignancies and some other life-threatening diseases. Anti-angiogenic therapy is a novel and effective approach for treatment of angiogenesis-dependent diseases such as cancer, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration. In this article, we will review the main strategies developed for anti-angiogenic therapies beside their clinical applications, the major challenges, and the latest advances in the development of anti-angiogenesis-based targeted therapies.
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241
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Isobe M, Lee S, Waguri S, Kametaka S. Clathrin adaptor GGA1 modulates myogenesis of C2C12 myoblasts. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207533. [PMID: 30440034 PMCID: PMC6237421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
During myogenesis, myogenic stem cells undergo several sequential events, including cell division, migration, and cell-cell fusion, leading to the formation of multinuclear myotubes, which are the precursors of myofibers. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying these complex processes, an RNA interference-based gene depletion approach was used. Golgi associated, gamma adaptin ear containing, ARF binding protein 1 (GGA1), a Golgi-resident monomeric clathrin adaptor, was found to be required for the process of myotube formation in C2C12 cells, a cultured murine myoblast cell line. Gga1 mRNA expression was upregulated during myogenesis, and Gga1 depletion prevented the formation of large multi-nucleated myotubes. Moreover, inhibition of lysosomal proteases in Gga1 knockdown myoblasts increased the amount of insulin receptor, suggesting that GGA1 is involved in the cell surface expression and sorting of the insulin receptor. These results suggested that GGA1 plays a significant role in the formation and maturation of myotubes by targeting the insulin receptor to the cell surface to establish functionally mature myofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Isobe
- Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sachiko Lee
- Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Waguri
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kametaka
- Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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242
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Jones IA, Togashi R, Hatch GFR, Weber AE, Vangsness CT. Anabolic steroids and tendons: A review of their mechanical, structural, and biologic effects. J Orthop Res 2018; 36:2830-2841. [PMID: 30047601 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
One of the suspected deleterious effects of androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS) is the increased risk for tendon rupture. However, investigations to date have produced inconsistent results and it is still unclear how AAS influence tendons. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify studies that have investigated the mechanical, structural, or biologic effects that AAS have on tendons. In total, 18 highly heterogeneous studies were identified. Small animal studies made up the vast majority of published research, and contradictory results were reported frequently. All of the included studies focused on the potential deleterious effects that AAS have on tendon, which is striking given the recent use of AAS in patients following tendon injury. Rather than providing strong evidence for or against the use of AAS, this review highlights the need for additional research. Future studies investigating the use of AAS as a possible treatment for tendon injury/pathology are supported by reports suggesting that AAS may counteract the irreparable structural/functional changes that occur in the musculotendinous unit following rotator cuff tears, as well as studies suggesting that the purported deleterious effects on tendon may be transient. Other possible areas for future research are discussed in the context of key findings that may have implications for the therapeutic application of AAS. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2830-2841, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A Jones
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, HCT 1520 San Pablo Street, Suite 2000, Los Angeles 90033, California
| | - Ryan Togashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, HCT 1520 San Pablo Street, Suite 2000, Los Angeles 90033, California
| | - George F Rick Hatch
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, HCT 1520 San Pablo Street, Suite 2000, Los Angeles 90033, California
| | - Alexander E Weber
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, HCT 1520 San Pablo Street, Suite 2000, Los Angeles 90033, California
| | - C Thomas Vangsness
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, HCT 1520 San Pablo Street, Suite 2000, Los Angeles 90033, California
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243
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Fujihara C, Kanai Y, Masumoto R, Kitagaki J, Matsumoto M, Yamada S, Kajikawa T, Murakami S. Fibroblast growth factor‐2 inhibits CD40‐mediated periodontal inflammation. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7149-7160. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiharu Fujihara
- Department of Periodontology Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka Japan
| | - Yu Kanai
- Department of Periodontology Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka Japan
| | - Risa Masumoto
- Department of Periodontology Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka Japan
| | - Jirouta Kitagaki
- Department of Periodontology Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka Japan
| | - Masahiro Matsumoto
- Department of Periodontology Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka Japan
| | - Satoru Yamada
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry Miyagi Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Kajikawa
- Department of Periodontology Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka Japan
| | - Shinya Murakami
- Department of Periodontology Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka Japan
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244
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Milenkovic U, Albersen M, Castiglione F. The mechanisms and potential of stem cell therapy for penile fibrosis. Nat Rev Urol 2018; 16:79-97. [DOI: 10.1038/s41585-018-0109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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245
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Hu Y, Dingerdissen H, Gupta S, Kahsay R, Shanker V, Wan Q, Yan C, Mazumder R. Identification of key differentially expressed MicroRNAs in cancer patients through pan-cancer analysis. Comput Biol Med 2018; 103:183-197. [PMID: 30384176 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) functioning in gene silencing have been associated with cancer progression. However, common abnormal miRNA expression patterns and their potential roles in cancer have not yet been evaluated. To account for individual differences between patients, we retrieved miRNA sequencing data for 575 patients with both tumor and adjacent non-tumorous tissues from 14 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We then performed differential expression analysis using DESeq2 and edgeR. Results showed that cancer types can be grouped based on the distribution of miRNAs with different expression patterns between tumor and non-tumor samples. We found 81 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs (SDEmiRNAs) in a single cancer. We also found 21 key SDEmiRNAs (nine over-expressed and 12 under-expressed) associated with at least eight cancers each and enriched in more than 60% of patients per cancer, including four newly identified SDEmiRNAs (hsa-mir-4746, hsa-mir-3648, hsa-mir-3687, and hsa-mir-1269a). The downstream effects of these 21 SDEmiRNAs on cellular function were evaluated through enrichment and pathway analysis of 7186 protein-coding gene targets mined from literature reports of differential expression of miRNAs in cancer. This analysis enables identification of SDEmiRNA functional similarity in cell proliferation control across a wide range of cancers, and assembly of common regulatory networks over cancer-related pathways. These findings were validated by construction of a regulatory network in the PI3K pathway. This study provides evidence for the value of further analysis of SDEmiRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Hayley Dingerdissen
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Samir Gupta
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
| | - Robel Kahsay
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Vijay Shanker
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
| | - Quan Wan
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Cheng Yan
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Raja Mazumder
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA; The McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
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246
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Miyanaga T, Ueda Y, Miyanaga A, Yagishita M, Hama N. Angiogenesis after administration of basic fibroblast growth factor induces proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in elastic perichondrium in an in vivo model: mini review of three sequential republication-abridged reports. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2018; 23:49. [PMID: 30323846 PMCID: PMC6173837 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-018-0113-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, studies on mesenchymal tissue stem cells (MSCs) in the perichondrium have focused on in vitro analysis, and the dynamics of cartilage regeneration from the perichondrium in vivo remain largely unknown. We have attempted to apply cell and tissue engineering methodology for ear reconstruction using cultured chondrocytes. We hypothesized that by inducing angiogenesis with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), MSCs or cartilage precursor cells would proliferate and differentiate into cartilage in vivo and that the regenerated cartilage would maintain its morphology over an extended period. As a result of a single administration of bFGF to the perichondrium, cartilage tissue formed and proliferated while maintaining its morphology for at least 3 months. By day 3 post bFGF treatment, inflammatory cells, primarily comprising mononuclear cells, migrated to the perichondrial region, and the proliferation of matrix metalloproteinase 1 positive cells peaked. During week 1, the perichondrium thickened and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells was noted, along with an increase in the number of CD44-positive and CD90-positive cartilage MSCs/progenitor cells. Neocartilage was formed after 2 weeks, and hypertrophied mature cartilage was formed and maintained after 3 months. Proliferation of the perichondrium and cartilage was bFGF concentration-dependent and was inhibited by neutralizing antibodies. Angiogenesis induction by bFGF was blocked by the administration of an angiogenesis inhibitor, preventing perichondrium proliferation and neocartilage formation. These results suggested that angiogenesis may be important for the induction and differentiation of MSCs/cartilage precursor cells in vivo, and that morphological changes, once occurring, are maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Miyanaga
- 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 9200293 Japan.,4Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 9200293 Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Ueda
- 2Department of Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 9200293 Japan
| | - Aiko Miyanaga
- 3Department of Nursing, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 9200293 Japan
| | - Mikio Yagishita
- 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 9200293 Japan
| | - Naoko Hama
- 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 9200293 Japan
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247
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Reis KP, Sperling LE, Teixeira C, Paim Á, Alcântara B, Vizcay-Barrena G, Fleck RA, Pranke P. Application of PLGA/FGF-2 coaxial microfibers in spinal cord tissue engineering: an in vitro and in vivo investigation. Regen Med 2018; 13:785-801. [DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Scaffolds are a promising approach for spinal cord injury (SCI) treatment. FGF-2 is involved in tissue repair but is easily degradable and presents collateral effects in systemic administration. In order to address the stability issue and avoid the systemic effects, FGF-2 was encapsulated into core–shell microfibers by coaxial electrospinning and its in vitro and in vivo potential were studied. Materials & methods: The fibers were characterized by physicochemical and biological parameters. The scaffolds were implanted in a hemisection SCI rat model. Locomotor test was performed weekly for 6 weeks. After this time, histological analyses were performed and expression of nestin and GFAP was quantified by flow cytometry. Results: Electrospinning resulted in uniform microfibers with a core–shell structure, with a sustained liberation of FGF-2 from the fibers. The fibers supported PC12 cells adhesion and proliferation. Implanted scaffolds into SCI promoted locomotor recovery at 28 days after injury and reduced GFAP expression. Conclusion: These results indicate the potential of these microfibers in SCI tissue engineering. [Formula: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina P Reis
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Fundamental Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Laura E Sperling
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Fundamental Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Cristian Teixeira
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Fundamental Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Ágata Paim
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Fundamental Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Bruno Alcântara
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Fundamental Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Gema Vizcay-Barrena
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, King’s College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Roland A Fleck
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, King’s College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Patricia Pranke
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Fundamental Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
- Stem Cell Research Institute, Porto Alegre, RS, 90020-10, Brazil
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248
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Abdal Dayem A, Lee SB, Cho SG. The Impact of Metallic Nanoparticles on Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E761. [PMID: 30261637 PMCID: PMC6215285 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has a wide range of medical and industrial applications. The impact of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) on the proliferation and differentiation of normal, cancer, and stem cells is well-studied. The preparation of NPs, along with their physicochemical properties, is related to their biological function. Interestingly, various mechanisms are implicated in metallic NP-induced cellular proliferation and differentiation, such as modulation of signaling pathways, generation of reactive oxygen species, and regulation of various transcription factors. In this review, we will shed light on the biomedical application of metallic NPs and the interaction between NPs and the cellular components. The in vitro and in vivo influence of metallic NPs on stem cell differentiation and proliferation, as well as the mechanisms behind potential toxicity, will be explored. A better understanding of the limitations related to the application of metallic NPs on stem cell proliferation and differentiation will afford clues for optimal design and preparation of metallic NPs for the modulation of stem cell functions and for clinical application in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Soo Bin Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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249
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Marques PP, Vieira CP, de Oliveira LP, Pimentel ER, Guerra FDR. Chronical treatment with sildenafil causes Achilles tendinopathy in rats. Life Sci 2018; 212:87-92. [PMID: 30267787 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The primary goal was to assess the effects of chronic sildenafil treatment over the Achilles tendons in rats. MAIN METHODS Animals were divided into two groups, control and sildenafil administration (n = 5). After 60 days, the tendons were subject to biochemical and image analysis to compare tendons between the groups: collagen I and decorin content, polarisation microscopy and birefringence analysis, and tissue zymography. KEY FINDINGS The animals exposed to sildenafil presented a much less organised tendon matrix, with reduced collagen I and non-collagenous protein content and a much higher decorin content. SIGNIFICANCE The results observed in the animals can be characterised as tendinopathy, a condition not yet described as a sildenafil side effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus Pires Marques
- Department of Medicine, José do Rosário Vellano University - Unifenas, 37130-000 Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
| | - Cristiano Pedrozo Vieira
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Prado de Oliveira
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, CP 6109, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson Rosa Pimentel
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, CP 6109, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávia Da Ré Guerra
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Science, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 37130-000 Alfenas, MG, Brazil
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250
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Sarkar B, Nguyen PK, Gao W, Dondapati A, Siddiqui Z, Kumar VA. Angiogenic Self-Assembling Peptide Scaffolds for Functional Tissue Regeneration. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:3597-3611. [PMID: 30132656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Implantation of acellular biomimetic scaffolds with proangiogenic motifs may have exciting clinical utility for the treatment of ischemic pathologies such as myocardial infarction. Although direct delivery of angiogenic proteins is a possible treatment option, smaller synthetic peptide-based nanostructured alternatives are being investigated due to favorable factors, such as sustained efficacy and high-density epitope presentation of functional moieties. These peptides may be implanted in vivo at the site of ischemia, bypassing the first-pass metabolism and enabling long-term retention and sustained efficacy. Mimics of angiogenic proteins show tremendous potential for clinical use. We discuss possible approaches to integrate the functionality of such angiogenic peptide mimics into self-assembled peptide scaffolds for application in functional tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Vivek A Kumar
- Rutgers School of Dental Medicine , Newark , New Jersey 07101 , United States
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