2701
|
Abstract
This paper is an attempt to clarify some of the issues which face the psychiatrist in his efforts at treating the obese patient through analytic means. A thoroughgoing bias in Western culture impairs the psychiatric and non-psychiatric medical care of the obese person. Inconclusive evidence concerning the causal relation between obesity and chronic disease does not deter this cultural bias from exaggerating the role that obesity is thought to play in disease process. Whatever contribution it makes to physical illness, obesity remains a substantial social disability that is frequently associated with self-hate and feelings of ineffectiveness. Scientific investigations indicate that adiposity is determined by interactions of genetic and environmental influences acting at different levels of complexity within the organism. Hence, the adipocyte itself may influence existing fatness and retard weight reduction. Constitutional factors affecting the hypothalamus may contribute to obesity in certain individuals. Also, cortical effects determine maladaptive eating behavior and excessive adiposity. Poor eating habits which are associated with emotional conflict seem to strongly affect the development and continuance of obesity in most fat persons. The interaction among adipocyte, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex remains unclear. The various treatments of obesity have been shown to be of little impact in helping overweight persons to sustain weight loss. Diet control, exercise, group psychotherapy, and behavior modification show slight benefit. Recent controlled studies dispute earlier claims that behavior modification is effective in achieving meaningful and lasting weight loss. Claims that intestinal bypass procedures are a useful treatment also require further supporting evidence. Psychoanalytic or intensive sustained psychotherapeutic treatment of the obese person emphasizes exploration of the entire personality. As long-neglected constructive forces are stregthened, weight loss may proceed. Psychoanalytic treatment is not indicated for obesity uncomplicated by neurotic distortions. In the presence of interpersonal problems and personal ineffectiveness, psychoanalysis has real utility. It is not clear that obesity is a major determinant of impaired physical or emotional health. Rather, the medical indictment of obesity seems to stem from the need to justify an intensely negative cultural bias. Casual disregard of this fact and of the complexity involving issues of etiology and treatment may signify inadequate appreciation in the psychoanalyst of the extent to which he participates in this cultural bias. The continuing failure of medical science to devise a means to help fat persons sustain weight loss to any meaningful degree has prevented the development of studies which would show if weight reduction truly does provide uniformly enhanced physical and emotional well-being...
Collapse
|
2702
|
Gadpaille WJ. A consideration of two concepts of normality as it applies to adolescent sexuality. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD PSYCHIATRY 1976; 15:679-92. [PMID: 993488 DOI: 10.1097/00004583-197601540-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
2703
|
|
2704
|
Abstract
Although there has grown up to a considerable literature on sex experiences in prison, little has been written on the post-prison behavioral patterns of those who, voluntarily or involuntarily, become initiated into homosexuality while incarcerated. In the light of the considerable number of prisoners and ex-prisoners in the original Kinsey sample, it is possible that the Institute for Sex Research might have in its files material that would shed light on this problem. To date, nothing has been forthcoming. In one of the few references to the subject, Kirkham (1972, p. 42) suggests that sexual experiences in prison may have permanent effects on the lives of some of the participants: "Can such men return to conventional heterosexual lives after release, or has the experience of being forced into acts of passive homosexuality been so traumatic as to preclude the resumption of sexual relations with members of the opposite sex?" In a search for an answer to his question, the present paper studies ex-prisoners whose initiation into homosexuality occurred during prison.
Collapse
|
2705
|
|
2706
|
Rubins JL. Five-year results of psychoanalytic therapy and day care for acute schizophrenic patients. Am J Psychoanal 1976; 36:3-26. [PMID: 1275108 DOI: 10.1007/bf01249976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
2707
|
|
2708
|
|
2709
|
|
2710
|
|
2711
|
|
2712
|
Abstract
The paper reports on the psychoanalytically-oriented psychotherapy of a very obese woman who, after a rather prolonged therapy, "decided" to reduce. During the weight loss process, significant reactions were noted from her son, daughter, brothers, sisters-in-law, customers, employees, husband, and therapist, which became crucial interferences with the continuing weight loss and specific resistances in the therapy. The identification of and the working through of these resistances significantly increased and consolidated her self-understanding. In that the response to major psychological changes was minimal as compared to the response to her physical change, it is hypothesized that physical change is more basically related to sense of self-continuity and hence more threatening to experience and observe.
Collapse
|
2713
|
A guide to the literature on aggressive behavior. Aggress Behav 1976. [DOI: 10.1002/1098-2337(1976)2:1<89::aid-ab2480020109>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
2714
|
Garber KD. A psychological analysis of a Dostoyevsky character: Raskolnikov's struggle for survival. Perspect Psychiatr Care 1976; 14:14-21. [PMID: 772586 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-6163.1976.tb00869.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
|
2715
|
A guide to the literature on aggressive behavior. Aggress Behav 1976. [DOI: 10.1002/1098-2337(1976)2:2<169::aid-ab2480020212>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
2716
|
A guide to the literature on aggressive behavior. Aggress Behav 1976. [DOI: 10.1002/1098-2337(1976)2:3<241::aid-ab2480020311>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
2717
|
|
2718
|
Rubins JL. The relationship between the individual, the culture, and psychopathology. Am J Psychoanal 1975; 35:231-53. [PMID: 1163680 DOI: 10.1007/bf01248483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
2719
|
|
2720
|
Abstract
A paranoid strain is manifest in Stoic utterances generally, especially in the Stoic conception of autarky, where the Sage regards himself as distinctly "other" in the midst of society, and indifferent to its values, except as he dissembles his indifference. Now, influential theories of paranoia stress a projective process: for Freudians, the projection of repressed homosexual libido in altered form, for Ovesey, a "pseudohomosexual" anxiety arising out of a maladaptation in the male to the culturally assigned competitive male role, a failure perceived as effeminate. But Stoicism took root in the culture (Classical Greece) where homosexuality, far from being universally regarded as degenerate, was widely extolled as the norm for superior men and the most advantageous frame work for the tutelage of aristocratic boys. It would seem unlikely that paranoia in this context would reflect uneasiness over unconscious homoerotic (or distorted pseudo-erotic) strivings. What light is shed on the purported projection of either homosexual or pseudo-homosexual anxiety by paranoid elements in Stoicism?
Collapse
|
2721
|
Croghan LM. Psychoanalysis and the community mental health movement. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 1975; 14:28-39. [PMID: 24408712 DOI: 10.1007/bf01533835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Psychoanalysis and CMHM were once enemies. Psychoanalysis has made noteworthy advances toward the CMHM idea both in technique changes and in community involvement. It is possible that CMHM may finally reject all psychoanalytic contribution and face its future without a theory. If that takes place, the CMHM some day in its future may turn a corner and find itself face to face with the lonely, individual man, conscious of his past and fearful of the unexplained anxiety within him. It is then that the CMHM will find itself once again studying the works of Herbert Marcuse, Erik Erikson, Sigmund Freud, and the psychoanalytic world.
Collapse
|
2722
|
COZZENS DONALD. Existentialism: Some Implications for Counseling. COUNSELING AND VALUES 1974. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2161-007x.1974.tb00524.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
2723
|
|
2724
|
|
2725
|
Badaracco MR. Psychoanalysis and society; which leads, which follows? Am J Psychoanal 1974; 34:229-40. [PMID: 4451220 DOI: 10.1007/bf01249993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
2726
|
|
2727
|
|
2728
|
Schnelle JF, Kennedy M, Rutledge AW, Golden SB. Pupillary response as indication of sexual preference in a juvenile correctional institution. J Clin Psychol 1974; 30:146-50. [PMID: 4823214 DOI: 10.1002/1097-4679(197404)30:2<146::aid-jclp2270300205>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
2729
|
Abse DW, Wilkins MM, van de Castle RL, Buxton WD, Demars JP, Brown RS, Kirschner LG. Personality and behavioral characteristics of lung cancer patients. J Psychosom Res 1974; 18:101-13. [PMID: 4436834 DOI: 10.1016/0022-3999(74)90073-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
2730
|
|
2731
|
Marcos LR. The emotional correlates of smiling and laughter: a preliminary research study. Am J Psychoanal 1974; 34:33-41. [PMID: 4416253 DOI: 10.1007/bf01252737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
2732
|
|
2733
|
Azrin NH, Naster BJ, Jones R. Reciprocity counseling: a rapid learning-based procedure for martial counseling. Behav Res Ther 1973; 11:365-82. [PMID: 4777635 DOI: 10.1016/0005-7967(73)90095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
2734
|
|
2735
|
Kanner L. Historical perspective on developmental deviations. JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND CHILDHOOD SCHIZOPHRENIA 1973; 3:187-98. [PMID: 4583796 DOI: 10.1007/bf01538280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
2736
|
|
2737
|
Arieti S. Concepts of schizophrenia. I. An abnormal way of dealing with an abnormal situation. CANADIAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION JOURNAL 1973; 18:253-4. [PMID: 4718662 DOI: 10.1177/070674377301800315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
2738
|
|
2739
|
Kelman H. Irrational feelings: a therapeutic approach. Compr Psychiatry 1973; 14:217-25. [PMID: 4710309 DOI: 10.1016/s0010-440x(73)80014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
|
2740
|
Moadel Y, Schnee J, Rubins JL. The role of psychotherapy in the medical management of acute psychiatric problems. Am J Psychoanal 1973; 33:80-93. [PMID: 4749676 DOI: 10.1007/bf01872144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
2741
|
Bernstein AE, Flegenheimer W, Roose LJ. Transference and countertransference problems in a critically ill patient. Int J Psychiatry Med 1973; 4:191-9. [PMID: 4716885 DOI: 10.2190/d844-qy0r-6g1n-j7ry] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The severe depression of a patient critically ill with myasthenia gravis necessitated psychiatric intervention. Over a period of two years three different approaches were utilized by three therapists: 1) intensive psychotherapy, 2) limited supportive psychotherapy, and 3) therapy based on the therapist's presentation of himself as an all-powerful healing figure. Improvement occurred in phase one, severe regression in phase two and marked improvement and death in phase three. Transference and countertransference factors were of critical importance in each phase.
Collapse
|
2742
|
|
2743
|
|
2744
|
|
2745
|
Rubins JL. The emergence of integrative patterns of form and function during development and change: a holistic view. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1972; 193:273-80. [PMID: 4506969 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1972.tb27844.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
2746
|
Weisskopf-Joelson E. Experimental studies of "meaning" through integration. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1972; 193:260-72. [PMID: 4506968 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1972.tb27843.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
2747
|
|
2748
|
|
2749
|
Rubins JL. A holistic (Horney) approach to the schizophrenias. 3. The therapeutic process. Am J Psychoanal 1972; 32:16-44. [PMID: 5031096 DOI: 10.1007/bf01872481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
2750
|
De Rosis HA. Two cases of fictional living. Psychiatr Q 1972; 46:125-35. [PMID: 5085425 DOI: 10.1007/bf01563637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|