251
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Cheng HW, Mohapatra A, Chang YM, Liao CY, Hsiao YT, Chen CH, Lin YC, Huang SY, Chang B, Yang Y, Chu CW, Wei KH. High-Performance Organic Solar Cells Featuring Double Bulk Heterojunction Structures with Vertical-Gradient Selenium Heterocyclic Nonfullerene Acceptor Concentrations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:27227-27236. [PMID: 34096256 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we prepared organic photovoltaics (OPVs) featuring an active layer comprising double bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structures, featuring binary blends of a polymer donor and concentration gradients of two small-molecule acceptors. After forming the first BHJ structure by spin-coating, the second BHJ layer was transfer-printed onto the first using polydimethylsiloxane stamps. A specially designed selenium heterocyclic small-molecule acceptor (Y6-Se-4Cl) was employed as the second acceptor in the BHJ. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the two acceptors formed a gradient concentration profile across the active layer, thereby facilitating charge transportation. The best power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) for the double-BHJ-structured devices incorporating PM6:Y6-Se-4Cl/PM6:Y6 and PM6:Y6-Se-4Cl/PM6:IT-4Cl were 16.4 and 15.8%, respectively; these values were higher than those of devices having one-BHJ structures based on PM6:Y6-Se-4Cl (15.0%), PM6:Y6 (15.4%), and PM6:IT-4Cl (11.6%), presumably because of the favorable vertical concentration gradient of the selenium-containing small-molecule Y6-Se-4Cl in the active layer as well as some complementary light absorption. Thus, combining two BHJ structures with a concentration gradient of the two small-molecule acceptors can be an effective approach for enhancing the PCEs of OPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Wen Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
| | - Anisha Mohapatra
- Research Center for Applied Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ming Chang
- Raynergy Tek Incorporation, 2F, No. 60, Park Avenue 2, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30844, Taiwan
| | - Chuang-Yi Liao
- Raynergy Tek Incorporation, 2F, No. 60, Park Avenue 2, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30844, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tang Hsiao
- Raynergy Tek Incorporation, 2F, No. 60, Park Avenue 2, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30844, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hao Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Che Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
| | - Bin Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Chih-Wei Chu
- Research Center for Applied Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- College of Engineering, Green Technology Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, 33302 Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kung-Hwa Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
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252
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He B, Chen Y, Chen J, Chen S, Xiao M, Chen G, Dai C. Wide-bandgap donor polymers based on a dicyanodivinyl indacenodithiophene unit for non-fullerene polymer solar cells. RSC Adv 2021; 11:21397-21404. [PMID: 35478821 PMCID: PMC9034166 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03233j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide-bandgap polymer donor with improved efficiency plays an important role in improving the photovoltaic performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this study, two novel wide-bandgap polymer donors, PBDT and PBDT-S, were designed and synthesized based on a dicyanodivinyl indacenodithiophene (IDT-CN) moiety, in which benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (BDT) building blocks and IDT-CN are used as electron-sufficient and -deficient units, respectively. In our study, the PBDT and PBDT-S polymer donors exhibited similar frontier-molecular-orbital energy levels and optical properties, and both copolymers showed good miscibility with the widely used narrow-bandgap small molecular acceptor Y6. Non-fullerene polymer solar cells (NF-PSCs) based on PBDT:Y6 exhibited an impressive power conversion efficiency of 10.04% with an open circuit voltage of 0.88 V, a short-circuit current density of 22.16 mA cm-2 and a fill factor of 51.31%, where the NF-PSCs based on PBDT-S:Y6 exhibited a moderate power conversion efficiency of 6.90%. The enhanced photovoltaic performance, realized by virtue of the improved short-circuit current density, can be attributed to the slightly enhanced electron mobility, higher exciton dissociation rates, more efficient charge collection and better nanoscale phase separation of the PBDT-based device. The results of this work indicate that the IDT-CN unit is a promising building block for constructing donor polymers for high-performance organic photovoltaic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baitian He
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Guangdong Engineering Technology Developing Center of High-Performance CCL Meizhou 514015 P. R. China
| | - Yulin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Guangdong Engineering Technology Developing Center of High-Performance CCL Meizhou 514015 P. R. China
| | - Jinglong Chen
- College of Chemistry, Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application (Ministry of Education), Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Songxi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Guangdong Engineering Technology Developing Center of High-Performance CCL Meizhou 514015 P. R. China
| | - Manjun Xiao
- College of Chemistry, Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application (Ministry of Education), Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Guiting Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Guangdong Engineering Technology Developing Center of High-Performance CCL Meizhou 514015 P. R. China
| | - Chuanbo Dai
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Guangdong Engineering Technology Developing Center of High-Performance CCL Meizhou 514015 P. R. China
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253
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Deckers J, Cardeynaels T, Lutsen L, Champagne B, Maes W. Heavy-Atom-Free Bay-Substituted Perylene Diimide Donor-Acceptor Photosensitizers. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1488-1496. [PMID: 34031956 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Perylene diimide (PDI) dyes are extensively investigated because of their favorable photophysical characteristics for a wide range of organic material applications. Fine-tuning of the optoelectronic properties is readily achieved by functionalization of the electron-deficient PDI scaffold. Here, we present four new donor-acceptor type dyads, wherein the electron donor units - benzo[1,2-b : 4,5-b']dithiophene, 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine, dithieno[3,2-b : 2',3'-d]pyrrole, and triphenylamine-are attached to the bay-positions of the PDI acceptor. Intersystem crossing occurs for these systems upon photoexcitation, without the aid of heavy atoms, resulting in singlet oxygen quantum yields up to 80 % in toluene solution. Furthermore, this feature is retained when the system is directly irradiated with energy corresponding to the intramolecular charge-transfer absorption band (at 639 nm). Geometrical optimization and (time-dependent) density functional theory calculations afford more insights into the requirements for intersystem crossing such as spin-orbit coupling, dihedral angles, the involvement of charge-transfer states, and energy level alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Deckers
- UHasselt-Hasselt University, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Design & Synthesis of Organic Semiconductors (DSOS), Agoralaan, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,IMEC, Associated Lab IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tom Cardeynaels
- UHasselt-Hasselt University, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Design & Synthesis of Organic Semiconductors (DSOS), Agoralaan, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,IMEC, Associated Lab IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,UNamur-University of Namur, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry (LTC), Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry Unit, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lutsen
- IMEC, Associated Lab IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Benoît Champagne
- UNamur-University of Namur, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry (LTC), Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry Unit, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Wouter Maes
- UHasselt-Hasselt University, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Design & Synthesis of Organic Semiconductors (DSOS), Agoralaan, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,IMEC, Associated Lab IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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254
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Reiser P, Konrad M, Fediai A, Léon S, Wenzel W, Friederich P. Analyzing Dynamical Disorder for Charge Transport in Organic Semiconductors via Machine Learning. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:3750-3759. [PMID: 33944566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors are indispensable for today's display technologies in the form of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and further optoelectronic applications. However, organic materials do not reach the same charge carrier mobility as inorganic semiconductors, limiting the efficiency of devices. To find or even design new organic semiconductors with higher charge carrier mobility, computational approaches, in particular multiscale models, are becoming increasingly important. However, such models are computationally very costly, especially when large systems and long timescales are required, which is the case to compute static and dynamic energy disorder, i.e., the dominant factor to determine charge transport. Here, we overcome this drawback by integrating machine learning models into multiscale simulations. This allows us to obtain unprecedented insight into relevant microscopic materials properties, in particular static and dynamic disorder contributions for a series of application-relevant molecules. We find that static disorder and thus the distribution of shallow traps are highly asymmetrical for many materials, impacting widely considered Gaussian disorder models. We furthermore analyze characteristic energy level fluctuation times and compare them to typical hopping rates to evaluate the importance of dynamic disorder for charge transport. We hope that our findings will significantly improve the accuracy of computational methods used to predict application-relevant materials properties of organic semiconductors and thus make these methods applicable for virtual materials design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Reiser
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany.,Institute of Theoretical Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Am Fasanengarten 5, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Manuel Konrad
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Artem Fediai
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Salvador Léon
- Department of Industrial Chemical Engineering and Environment, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/ José Gutierrez Abascal, 2, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Wenzel
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Pascal Friederich
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany.,Institute of Theoretical Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Am Fasanengarten 5, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
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255
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Liu Q, Fang J, Wu J, Zhu L, Guo X, Liu F, Zhang M. Tuning Aggregation Behavior of Polymer Donor
via
Molecular‐Weight
Control for Achieving 17.1% Efficiency Inverted Polymer Solar Cells. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Jin Fang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Jingnan Wu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xia Guo
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Feng Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Maojie Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
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256
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Wen G, Zou X, Hu R, Peng J, Chen Z, He X, Dong G, Zhang W. Ground- and excited-state characteristics in photovoltaic polymer N2200. RSC Adv 2021; 11:20191-20199. [PMID: 35479889 PMCID: PMC9033976 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01474a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As a classical polymer acceptor material, N2200 has received extensive attention and research in the field of polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, the intrinsic properties of ground- and excited-states in N2200, which are critical for the application of N2200 in PSCs, remain poorly understood. In this work, the ground- and excited-state properties of N2200 solution and film were studied by steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopies as well as time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. The transition mechanism of absorption peaks of N2200 was evaluated through the natural transition orbitals (NTOs) and hole-electron population analysis by TD-DFT. Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) study shows that the lifetimes of singlet excitons in N2200 chlorobenzene solution and film are ∼90 ps and ∼60 ps, respectively. Considering the absolute quantum yield of N2200 film, we deduce that the intrinsic lifetime of singlet exciton can be as long as ∼20 ns. By comparing the TRPL and transient absorption (TA) kinetics, we find that the decay of singlet excitons in N2200 solution is dominated by a fast non-radiative decay process, and the component induced by intersystem crossing is less than 5%. Besides that, the annihilation radius, annihilation rate and diffusion length of singlet excitons in N2200 film were evaluated as 3.6 nm, 2.5 × 10-9 cm3 s-1 and 4.5 nm, respectively. Our work provides comprehensive information on the excited states of N2200, which is helpful for the application of N2200 in all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanzhao Wen
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China +86-136-4279-2676
| | - Xianshao Zou
- Division of Chemical Physics, Lund University Lund 22100 Sweden
| | - Rong Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences Chongqing 402160 China
| | - Jun Peng
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China +86-136-4279-2676
| | - Zhifeng Chen
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China +86-136-4279-2676
| | - Xiaochuan He
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808 China
| | - Geng Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College Shantou 515041 China +86-187-3110-6711
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Shantou University Medical College Shantou 515041 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China +86-136-4279-2676
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257
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Chow PCY, Chan CCS, Ma C, Zou X, Yan H, Wong KS. Factors That Prevent Spin-Triplet Recombination in Non-fullerene Organic Photovoltaics. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5045-5051. [PMID: 34019416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Managing the dynamics of spin-triplet electronic states is crucial for achieving high-performance organic photovoltaics. Here we show that the replacement of fullerene with non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) molecules leads to suppression of triplet recombination and thus more efficient charge generation. This indicates that the relaxation of charges to the local triplet exciton state, although energetically allowed, is outcompeted by the thermally activated separation of interfacial charge-transfer excitons (CTEs) in the NFA-based system. By rationalizing our results with Marcus theory, we propose that triplet recombination in the fullerene system is driven by the small energy difference and strong electronic couplings between the CTE state and the lowest-lying triplet exciton state (T1) of fullerene acceptor molecules. In contrast, the large energy difference and small electronic couplings between these states in the NFA-based blends lead to sufficiently slow triplet relaxation rate compared to the charge separation rate (≪1010 s-1), thus preventing triplet recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Y Chow
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Christopher C S Chan
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xinhui Zou
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Kam Sing Wong
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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258
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Zhao J, Xu X, Yu L, Li R, Li Y, Peng Q. Highly Efficient Non-Fused-Ring Electron Acceptors Enabled by the Conformational Lock and Structural Isomerization Effects. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:25214-25223. [PMID: 34014088 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two novel nonfused-ring electron acceptors (N-FREAs) namely DTP-out-F and DTP-in-F, containing 2,5-difluorophenylene central core flanked with DTP blocks and end-capped with IC-2F terminals were designed and synthesized. The C-H···F noncovalent interactions between F atom of 2,5-difluorophenylene and H-3 and H-6 from DTP moiety (for DTP-in-F and DTP-out-F, respectively) locked the molecular conformation within a planar geometry. Benefiting from asymmetric nature of DTP block, the two different connection positions (2- or 7-position) of DTP to 2,5-difluorophenylene afforded the structural isomers of DTP-in-F and DTP-out-F, which affected the overall properties of these N-FREAs, especially the molecular packing behaviors. The more preferred J-aggregation and face-on packing of DTP-in-F shifted the absorption to slightly longer wavelength and provided a polymer-like extended crystal transport channels for improving the charge transport. Therefore, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) was significantly improved from 3.97% of DTP-out-F-based devices to 10.66% of DTP-in-F-based devices. These results reveal the great potential of isomerization strategy to develop high-performance N-FREAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhao
- College of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Liyang Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Lab, Suffolk, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Ying Li
- College of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Peng
- College of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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259
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Liu W, Lu H, Xu X, Huang H, Zhang J, Tang Z, Bo Z. Achieving a Higher Energy Charge-Transfer State and Reduced Voltage Loss for Organic Solar Cells using Nonfullerene Acceptors with Norbornenyl-Functionalized Terminal Groups. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:24765-24773. [PMID: 34006102 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Achieving a high-energy charge-transfer state (ECT) and concurrently reduced energy loss is of vital importance in boosting the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of organic solar cells (OSCs), but it is difficult to realize. We report herein a novel design tactic to achieve this goal by incorporating a three-dimensional (3D) shape-persistent norbornenyl group into the terminals of acceptor-donor-acceptor-type nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs). Compared with ITIC-based OSCs, norbornenyl-fused 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone (CBIC) terminals endow IDTT-CBIC-based OSCs with simultaneously higher ECT and lower radiative and non-radiative voltage loss, hence enhancing Voc by 90 mV. CBIC also improves the miscibility and modulates the molecular packing structures for efficient charge carrier transport and a better short-circuit current density in IDTT-CBIC-based OSCs. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency is improved by 22%, compared to that of the OSC based on ITIC. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the use of CBIC as the terminals is observed using different electron-donating cores. The utilization of the 3D shape-persistent building blocks represents a breakthrough in the design strategies for terminal groups toward efficient NFA-based OSCs with high Voc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Hao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Hao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhishan Bo
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
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260
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Huang Y, Elder DL, Kwiram AL, Jenekhe SA, Jen AKY, Dalton LR, Luscombe CK. Organic Semiconductors at the University of Washington: Advancements in Materials Design and Synthesis and toward Industrial Scale Production. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e1904239. [PMID: 31576634 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Research at the University of Washington regarding organic semiconductors is reviewed, covering four major topics: electro-optics, organic light emitting diodes, organic field-effect transistors, and organic solar cells. Underlying principles of materials design are demonstrated along with efforts toward unlocking the full potential of organic semiconductors. Finally, opinions on future research directions are presented, with a focus on commercial competency, environmental sustainability, and scalability of organic-semiconductor-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunping Huang
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Delwin L Elder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Alvin L Kwiram
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Samson A Jenekhe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Alex K Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Larry R Dalton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Christine K Luscombe
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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261
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Kobeleva E, Popov A, Baranov D, Uvarov M, Nevostruev D, Degtyarenko K, Gadirov R, Sukhikh A, Kulik L. Origin of poor photovoltaic performance of bis(tetracyanoantrathiophene) non-fullerene acceptor. Chem Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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262
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Zhao ZW, Omar ÖH, Padula D, Geng Y, Troisi A. Computational Identification of Novel Families of Nonfullerene Acceptors by Modification of Known Compounds. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5009-5015. [PMID: 34018746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We considered a database of tens of thousands of known organic semiconductors and identified those compounds with computed electronic properties (orbital energies, excited state energies, and oscillator strengths) that would make them suitable as nonfullerene electron acceptors in organic solar cells. The range of parameters for the desirable acceptors is determined from a set of experimentally characterized high-efficiency nonfullerene acceptors. This search leads to ∼30 lead compounds never considered before for organic photovoltaic applications. We then proceed to modify these compounds to bring their computed solubility in line with that of the best small-molecule nonfullerene acceptors. A further refinement of the search can be based on additional properties like the reorganization energy for chemical reduction. This simple strategy, which relies on a few easily computable parameters and can be expanded to a larger set of molecules, enables the identification of completely new chemical families to be explored experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Zhao
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Ömer H Omar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K
| | - Daniele Padula
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, via A. Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Yun Geng
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Alessandro Troisi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K
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263
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Wen Y, Liu Y, Yan B, Gaudin T, Ma J, Ma H. Simultaneous Optimization of Donor/Acceptor Pairs and Device Specifications for Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells Using a QSPR Model with Morphological Descriptors. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4980-4986. [PMID: 34015223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Optimally efficient organic solar cells require not only a careful choice of new donor (D) and/or acceptor (A) molecules but also the fine-tuning of experimental fabrication conditions for organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, a new framework for simultaneously optimizing D/A molecule pairs and device specifications of OSCs is proposed, through a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) model built by machine learning. Combining the device bulk properties with structural and electronic properties, the built QSPR model achieved unprecedentedly high accuracy and consistency. Additionally, a large chemical space of 1 942 785 D/A pairs is explored to find potential synergistic ones. Favorable device bulk properties such as the root-mean-square of surfaces roughness for D/A blends and the D/A weight ratio are further screened by grid search methods. Overall, this study indicates that the simultaneous optimization of D/A molecule pairs and device specifications by theoretical calculations can accelerate the improvement of OSC efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunhao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bohan Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Théophile Gaudin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haibo Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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264
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Xu Y, Ji Q, Yin L, Zhang N, Liu T, Li N, He X, Wen G, Zhang W, Yu L, Murto P, Xu X. Synergistic Engineering of Substituents and Backbones on Donor Polymers: Toward Terpolymer Design of High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:23993-24004. [PMID: 33974390 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Design of terpolymers via copolymerization has emerged as a potential strategy for expanding the family of high-performing donor polymers and boosting the photovoltaic performance of non-fullerene polymer solar cells (PSCs). Herein, double-ester-substituted thiophenes and thienothiophenes are incorporated as third building blocks into the donor polymer PBDB-TF, developing two groups of terpolymers with donor-acceptor 1-donor-acceptor 2 (D-A1-D-A2)-type backbones. An optimum 10% concentration of double-ester-substituted thiophene units in PBDB-TF-T10 downshifts the molecular energy and increases the dielectric constant, and delivers proper miscibility and nanostructure in blends with the high-performing acceptor Y6. These characteristics are designed to synergistically enhance the photovoltage, photocurrent, and efficiency of PSCs. The resulting power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.4% surpasses the conventional PBDB-TF/Y6 PSCs, and it is among the best-performing PSCs based on PBDB-TF-derived terpolymers. Gratifyingly, PBDB-TF-T10 does not show significant batch-to-batch variation and it retains high PCEs above 16% in a broad range of molecular weights. This work introduces a facile strategy to easily synthesize terpolymers in combination with Y6 for the attainment of high-performing and reproducible non-fullerene PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Qing Ji
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Luqi Yin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Tong Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiaochuan He
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Guanzhao Wen
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liyang Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Petri Murto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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265
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Xia Z, Zhang J, Gao X, Song W, Ge J, Xie L, Zhang X, Liu Z, Ge Z. Fine-Tuning the Dipole Moment of Asymmetric Non-Fullerene Acceptors Enabling Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:23983-23992. [PMID: 33998796 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Modifying molecular conjugation has been demonstrated as an effective strategy to enhance the photovoltaic performance of the non-fullerene small molecule acceptors (SMAs), which would regulate the molecular packing and nanoscale morphology in the active layer of organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, two novel SMAs PTIC-4Cl and PT2IC-4Cl are designed and synthesized by expanding the core unit of TB-4Cl in one or two directions. The effects of how to expand the conjugation length on the absorption property, energy levels, dipole moment, and solubility are studied via theoretical calculation and experiments. Compared to PT2IC-4Cl, PTIC-4Cl with a more asymmetric structure exhibits the larger dipole moment and enhanced intermolecular packing. The PTIC-4Cl-based OSCs exhibit a favorable morphology and balanced charge transport, thereby leading to the highest power conversion efficiencies. In addition, PTIC-4Cl-based devices show outstanding thermal and air stability. These results reveal that fine-tuning the dipole moment via rationally expanding the conjugation in asymmetric A-D1A'D2-A-type non-fullerene acceptors is critical to achieve high-performance OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Xia
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Jinsheng Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Lin Xie
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zhitian Liu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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266
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Qiu R, Wu Z, Li S, Jiang H, Wang Q, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhang L, Chen J. Replacing alkyl side chain of non-fullerene acceptor with siloxane-terminated side chain enables lower surface energy towards optimizing bulk-heterojunction morphology and high photovoltaic performance. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-9975-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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267
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Liu ZX, Yu ZP, Shen Z, He C, Lau TK, Chen Z, Zhu H, Lu X, Xie Z, Chen H, Li CZ. Molecular insights of exceptionally photostable electron acceptors for organic photovoltaics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3049. [PMID: 34031410 PMCID: PMC8144627 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23389-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Photo-degradation of organic semiconductors remains as an obstacle preventing their durable practice in optoelectronics. Herein, we disclose that volume-conserving photoisomerization of a unique series of acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) acts as a surrogate towards their subsequent photochemical reaction. Among A-D-A NFAs with fused, semi-fused and non-fused backbones, fully non-fused PTIC, representing one of rare existing samples, exhibits not only excellent photochemical tolerance in aerobic condition, but also efficient performance in solar cells. Along with a series of in-depth investigations, we identify that the structural confinement to inhibit photoisomerization of these unique A-D-A NFAs from molecular level to macroscopic condensed solid helps enhancing the photochemical stabilities of molecules, as well as the corresponding OSCs. Although other reasons associating with the photostabilities of molecules and devices should not excluded, we believe this work provides helpful structure-property information toward new design of stable and efficient photovoltaic molecules and solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Peng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Ziqiu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chengliang He
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Tsz-Ki Lau
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Zeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Haiming Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
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268
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Affiliation(s)
- Suven Das
- Department of Chemistry Rishi Bankim Chandra College for Women Naihati 24-Parganas (N) Pin-743165 India
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269
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Xia D, Zhang Z, Zhao C, Wang J, Xia J, Chen G, Li S, Tang Z, You S, Li W. Fullerene as an additive for increasing the efficiency of organic solar cells to more than 17. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 601:70-77. [PMID: 34058553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we introduced a fullerene acceptor (PC71BM) into the binary photo-active layer based on a polymer donor (PM6) and a non-fullerene small molecular acceptor (BTP-BO-4Cl), and as a consequence, the ternary organic solar cells realized a high-power conversion efficiency of 17.39% compared to 16.65% in binary solar cells. The performance enhancement was found to be due to the optimized morphology and hence balanced hole and electron mobilities, which is responsible for the suppressed charge recombination and hence high photocurrent in solar cells. In addition, PC71BM shows the complementary absorption with PM6 and BTP-BO-4Cl, which can broaden the absorption range of the photo-active layer and hence more photons from the sunlight can be utilized. Besides, PC71BM shows the cascade energy level alignment between PM6 and BTP-BO-4Cl, which is helpful for charge transfer from donor to acceptor. All these merits explain the high performance in ternary solar cells, and also demonstrate that ternary photovoltaics adopting non-fullerene acceptor with the fullerene acceptor as small amount of additive is an efficient strategy to gain high performing organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Xia
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, PR China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, PR China; College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Chaowei Zhao
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, PR China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Jun Xia
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, PR China
| | - Guihua Chen
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, PR China
| | - Shuai Li
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, PR China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Shengyong You
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, PR China.
| | - Weiwei Li
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, PR China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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270
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Wen T, Liu Z, Chen Z, Zhou J, Shen Z, Xiao Y, Lu X, Xie Z, Zhu H, Li C, Chen H. Simple Non‐Fused Electron Acceptors Leading to Efficient Organic Photovoltaics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian‐Jiao Wen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Xi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Zeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Ziqiu Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Yiqun Xiao
- Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Haiming Zhu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Chang‐Zhi Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
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271
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Wen TJ, Liu ZX, Chen Z, Zhou J, Shen Z, Xiao Y, Lu X, Xie Z, Zhu H, Li CZ, Chen H. Simple Non-Fused Electron Acceptors Leading to Efficient Organic Photovoltaics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12964-12970. [PMID: 33797187 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the remarkable progress achieved in recent years, organic photovoltaics (OPVs) still need work to approach the delicate balance between efficiency, stability, and cost. Herein, two fully non-fused electron acceptors, PTB4F and PTB4Cl, are developed via a two-step synthesis from single aromatic units. The introduction of a two-dimensional chain and halogenated terminals for these non-fused acceptors plays a synergistic role in optimizing their solid stacking and orientation, thus promoting an elongated exciton lifetime and fast charge-transfer rate in bulk heterojunction blends. As a result, PTB4Cl, upon blending with PBDB-TF polymer, has enabled single-junction OPVs with power conversion efficiencies of 12.76 %, representing the highest values among the reported fully unfused electron acceptors so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Jiao Wen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Xi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Ziqiu Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yiqun Xiao
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Haiming Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Zhi Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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272
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Sun Y, Liu T, Kan Y, Gao K, Tang B, Li Y. Flexible Organic Solar Cells: Progress and Challenges. SMALL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Sun
- Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong Institute of Materials and Clean Energy Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Kan
- Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China
| | - Ke Gao
- Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong Institute of Materials and Clean Energy Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
| | - Yuliang Li
- Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
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273
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Keshtov ML, Konstantinov IO, Ostapov ILE, Khokhlov AR, Alekseev VG, Xie Z, Dahiya H, Sharma GD. New Dithiazole Side Chain Benzodithiophene Containing D–A Copolymers for Highly Efficient Nonfullerene Solar Cells. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed L. Keshtov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vavilova St., 28 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - Ionv O. Konstantinov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vavilova St., 28 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - ILya E. Ostapov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vavilova St., 28 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - Alexei R. Khokhlov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vavilova St., 28 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | | | - Zhiyuan Xie
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun 130022 China
| | - Hemraj Dahiya
- Department of Physics The LNM Institute for Information Technology Jamdoli Jaipur Rajasthan 302031 India
| | - Ganesh D. Sharma
- Department of Physics The LNM Institute for Information Technology Jamdoli Jaipur Rajasthan 302031 India
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274
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Bolzonello L, Bernal-Texca F, Gerling LG, Ockova J, Collini E, Martorell J, van Hulst NF. Photocurrent-Detected 2D Electronic Spectroscopy Reveals Ultrafast Hole Transfer in Operating PM6/Y6 Organic Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:3983-3988. [PMID: 33877838 PMCID: PMC8154857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The performance of nonfullerene-acceptor-(NFA)-based organic solar cells is rapidly approaching the efficiency of inorganic cells. The chemical versatility of NFAs extends the light-harvesting range to the infrared, while preserving a considerably high open-circuit-voltage, crucial to achieve power-conversion efficiencies >17%. Such low voltage losses in the charge separation process have been attributed to a low-driving-force and efficient exciton dissociation. Here, we address the nature of the subpicosecond dynamics of electron/hole transfer in PM6/Y6 solar cells. While previous reports focused on active layers only, we developed a photocurrent-detected two-dimensional spectroscopy to follow the charge transfer in fully operating devices. Our measurements reveal an efficient hole-transfer from the Y6-acceptor to the PM6-donor on the subpicosecond time scale. On the contrary, at the same time scale, no electron-transfer is seen from the donor to the acceptor. These findings, putting ultrafast spectroscopy in action on operating optoelectronic devices, provide insight for further enhancing NFA solar cell performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bolzonello
- ICFO
- Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona 08860, Spain
| | - Francisco Bernal-Texca
- ICFO
- Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona 08860, Spain
| | - Luis G. Gerling
- ICFO
- Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona 08860, Spain
| | - Jana Ockova
- ICFO
- Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona 08860, Spain
| | - Elisabetta Collini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli
Studi di Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Jordi Martorell
- ICFO
- Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona 08860, Spain
- Departament
de Física, Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya, Terrassa 08222, Spain
| | - Niek F. van Hulst
- ICFO
- Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona 08860, Spain
- ICREA
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona 08010, Spain
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275
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Zhang X, Qin L, Yu J, Li Y, Wei Y, Liu X, Lu X, Gao F, Huang H. High‐Performance Noncovalently Fused‐Ring Electron Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Noncovalent Intramolecular Interactions and End‐Group Engineering. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12475-12481. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Linqing Qin
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Yu
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM) Linköping University 58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
| | - Yanan Wei
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xingzheng Liu
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM) Linköping University 58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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276
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Zhang X, Qin L, Yu J, Li Y, Wei Y, Liu X, Lu X, Gao F, Huang H. High‐Performance Noncovalently Fused‐Ring Electron Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Noncovalent Intramolecular Interactions and End‐Group Engineering. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Linqing Qin
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Yu
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM) Linköping University 58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
| | - Yanan Wei
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xingzheng Liu
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM) Linköping University 58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology &, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering &, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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277
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Wang J, Zhao C, Zhou L, Liang X, Li Y, Sheng G, Du Z, Tang J. An Effective Strategy to Design a Large Bandgap Conjugated Polymer by Tuning the Molecular Backbone Curvature. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2000757. [PMID: 33870582 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
With the significant progress of low bandgap non-fullerene acceptors, the development of wide bandgap (WBG) donors possessing ideal complementary absorption is of crucial importance to further enhance the photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells. An ideal strategy to design WBG donors is to down-shift the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and up-shift the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). A properly low-lying HOMO of the donor is favorable to obtaining a high open-circuit voltage, and a properly high-lying LUMO of the donor is conductive to efficient exciton dissociation. This work provides a new strategy to enlarge the bandgap of a polymer with simultaneously decreased HOMO and increased LUMO by increasing the polymer backbone curvature. The polymer PIDT-fDTBT with a large molecular backbone curvature shows a decreased HOMO of -5.38 eV and a prominently increased LUMO of -3.35 eV relative to the linear polymer PIDT-DTBT (EHOMO = -5.30 eV, ELUMO = -3.55 eV). The optical bandgap of PIDT-fDTBT is obviously broadened from 1.75 to 2.03 eV. This work demonstrates that increasing the polymer backbone curvature can effectively broaden the bandgap by simultaneously decreasing HOMO and increasing LUMO, which may guide the design of WBG conjugated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuxing Wang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Congcong Zhao
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Long Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yonghai Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Guanyu Sheng
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhonglin Du
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
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278
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Li G, Zhang X, Jones LO, Alzola JM, Mukherjee S, Feng LW, Zhu W, Stern CL, Huang W, Yu J, Sangwan VK, DeLongchamp DM, Kohlstedt KL, Wasielewski MR, Hersam MC, Schatz GC, Facchetti A, Marks TJ. Systematic Merging of Nonfullerene Acceptor π-Extension and Tetrafluorination Strategies Affords Polymer Solar Cells with >16% Efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:6123-6139. [PMID: 33848146 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The end-capping group (EG) is the essential electron-withdrawing component of nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs). To systematically probe the impact of two frequent EG functionalization strategies, π-extension and halogenation, in A-DAD-A type NFAs, we synthesized and characterized four such NFAs: BT-BIC, LIC, L4F, and BO-L4F. To assess the relative importance of these strategies, we contrast these NFAs with the baseline acceptors, Y5 and Y6. Up to 16.6% power conversion efficiency (PCE) in binary inverted OSCs with BT-BO-L4F combining π-extension and halogenation was achieved. When these two factors are combined, the effect on optical absorption is cumulative. Single-crystal π-π stacking distances are similar for the EG strategies of π-extension. Increasing the alkyl substituent length from BT-L4F to BT-BO-L4F significantly alters the packing motif and eliminates the EG core interactions of BT-L4F. Electronic structure computations reveal some of the largest NFA π-π electronic couplings observed to date, 103.8 meV in BT-L4F and 47.5 meV in BT-BO-L4F. Computed electronic reorganization energies, 132 and 133 meV for BT-L4F and BT-BO-L4F, respectively, are also lower than Y6 (150 meV). BHJ blends show preferential π-face-on orientation, and both fluorination and π-extension increase NFA crystallinity. Femto/nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (fs/nsTA) and integrated photocurrent device analysis (IPDA) indicate that π-extension modifies the phase separation to enhance film ordering and carrier mobility, while fluorination suppresses unimolecular recombination. This systematic study highlights the synergistic effects of NFA π-extension and fluorination in affording efficient OSCs and provides insights into designing next-generation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Li
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Leighton O Jones
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Joaquin M Alzola
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Subhrangsu Mukherjee
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Liang-Wen Feng
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Weigang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences (TJ-MOS), Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Charlotte L Stern
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Junsheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Vinod K Sangwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dean M DeLongchamp
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Kevin L Kohlstedt
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Flexterra Corporation, 8025 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, Illinois 60077, United States
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry, the Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP), and the Materials Research Center (MRC), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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279
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Sideri IK, Jang Y, Garcés-Garcés J, Sastre-Santos Á, Canton-Vitoria R, Kitaura R, Fernández-Lázaro F, D'Souza F, Tagmatarchis N. Unveiling the Photoinduced Electron-Donating Character of MoS 2 in Covalently Linked Hybrids Featuring Perylenediimide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:9120-9126. [PMID: 33559945 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The covalent functionalization of MoS2 with a perylenediimide (PDI) is reported and the study is accompanied by detailed characterization of the newly prepared MoS2 -PDI hybrid material. Covalently functionalized MoS2 interfacing organic photoactive species has shown electron and/or energy accepting, energy reflecting or bi-directional electron accepting features. Herein, a rationally designed PDI, unsubstituted at the perylene core to act as electron acceptor, forces MoS2 to fully demonstrate for the first time its electron donor capabilities. The photophysical response of MoS2 -PDI is visualized in an energy-level diagram, while femtosecond transient absorption studies disclose the formation of MoS2 .+ -PDI.- charge separated state. The tunable electronic properties of MoS2 , as a result of covalently linking photoactive organic species with precise characteristics, unlock their potentiality and enable their application in light-harvesting and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna K Sideri
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Youngwoo Jang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, 305070, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| | - Jose Garcés-Garcés
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - Ángela Sastre-Santos
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | | | - Ryo Kitaura
- Department of Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Fernando Fernández-Lázaro
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, 305070, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| | - Nikos Tagmatarchis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
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280
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Sideri IK, Jang Y, Garcés‐Garcés J, Sastre‐Santos Á, Canton‐Vitoria R, Kitaura R, Fernández‐Lázaro F, D'Souza F, Tagmatarchis N. Unveiling the Photoinduced Electron‐Donating Character of MoS
2
in Covalently Linked Hybrids Featuring Perylenediimide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna K. Sideri
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute National Hellenic Research Foundation 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue 11635 Athens Greece
| | - Youngwoo Jang
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, 305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Jose Garcés‐Garcés
- Área de Química Orgánica Instituto de Bioingeniería Universidad Miguel Hernández 03202 Elche Spain
| | - Ángela Sastre‐Santos
- Área de Química Orgánica Instituto de Bioingeniería Universidad Miguel Hernández 03202 Elche Spain
| | | | - Ryo Kitaura
- Department of Chemistry Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | | | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, 305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Nikos Tagmatarchis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute National Hellenic Research Foundation 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue 11635 Athens Greece
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281
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Song Y, Liu X, Li Y, Nguyen HH, Duan R, Kubarych KJ, Forrest SR, Ogilvie JP. Mechanistic Study of Charge Separation in a Nonfullerene Organic Donor-Acceptor Blend Using Multispectral Multidimensional Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:3410-3416. [PMID: 33788566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) based on nonfullerene acceptors are now approaching commercially viable efficiencies. One key to their success is efficient charge separation with low potential loss at the donor-acceptor heterojunction. Due to the lack of spectroscopic probes, open questions remain about the mechanisms of charge separation. Here, we study charge separation of a model system composed of the donor, poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1',3'-di-2-thienyl-5',7'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1',2'-c:4',5'-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione) (PBDB-T), and the nonfullerene acceptor, 3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2',3'-d']-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene (ITIC), using multidimensional spectroscopy spanning the visible to the mid-infrared. We find that bound polaron pairs (BPPs) generated within ITIC domains play a dominant role in efficient hole transfer, transitioning to delocalized polarons within 100 fs. The weak electron-hole binding within the BPPs and the resulting polaron delocalization are key factors for efficient charge separation at nearly zero driving force. Our work provides useful insight into how to further improve the power conversion efficiency in OPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Song
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yongxi Li
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hoang Huy Nguyen
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Rong Duan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Kevin J Kubarych
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Stephen R Forrest
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jennifer P Ogilvie
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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282
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Zhang N, Li Z, Zhu C, Peng H, Zou Y. Bromination and increasing the molecular conjugation length of the non-fullerene small-molecule acceptor based on benzotriazole for efficient organic photovoltaics. RSC Adv 2021; 11:13571-13578. [PMID: 35423894 PMCID: PMC8697487 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01348c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two novel non-fullerene acceptors, namely BZIC-2Br and Y9-2Br, were synthesized by employing a ladder-type electron-deficient-based fused ring central with a benzotriazole core. Y9-2Br is obtained by extending the conjugate length of BZIC-2Br. Compared with BZIC-2Br, Y9-2Br possesses a lower optical bandgap of 1.32 eV with an absorption edge of 937 nm, exhibiting broader and stronger absorption band from 600 to 900 nm. Moreover, Y9-2Br exhibits excellent photovoltaic properties with V oc of 0.84 V, J sc of 21.38 mA cm-2 and FF of 67.11%, which achieves an impressive PCE of 12.05%. Our study demonstrates that bromination and effective extension of the conjugate length can modulate performance from different aspects to optimize photovoltaic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan 410083 China +86-731-88879616
| | - Zhe Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan 410083 China +86-731-88879616
| | - Can Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan 410083 China +86-731-88879616
| | - Hongjian Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan 410083 China +86-731-88879616
| | - Yingping Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan 410083 China +86-731-88879616
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283
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Zhang Y, Cai G, Li Y, Zhang Z, Li T, Zuo X, Lu X, Lin Y. An Electron Acceptor Analogue for Lowering Trap Density in Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008134. [PMID: 33656774 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Typical organic semiconductor materials exhibit a high trap density of states, ranging from 1016 to 1018 cm-3 , which is one of the important factors in limiting the improvement of power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic solar cells (OSCs). In order to reduce the trap density within OSCs, a new strategy to design and synthesize an electron acceptor analogue, BTPR, is developed, which is introduced into OSCs as a third component to enhance the molecular packing order of electron acceptor with and without blending a polymer donor. Finally, the as-cast ternary OSC devices employing BTPR show a notable PCE of 17.8%, with a low trap density (1015 cm-3 ) and a low energy loss (0.217 eV) caused by non-radiative recombination. This PCE is among the highest values for single-junction OSCs. The trap density of OSCs with the BTPR additives, as low as 1015 cm-3 , is comparable to and even lower than those of several typical high-performance inorganic/hybrid counterparts, like 1016 cm-3 for amorphous silicon, 1016 cm-3 for metal oxides, and 1014 to 1015 cm-3 for halide perovskite thin film, and makes it promising for OSCs to obtain a PCE of up to 20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Guilong Cai
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yawen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tengfei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xia Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yuze Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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284
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Ghasemi M, Balar N, Peng Z, Hu H, Qin Y, Kim T, Rech JJ, Bidwell M, Mask W, McCulloch I, You W, Amassian A, Risko C, O'Connor BT, Ade H. A molecular interaction-diffusion framework for predicting organic solar cell stability. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:525-532. [PMID: 33432145 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-00872-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Rapid increase in the power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs) has been achieved with the development of non-fullerene small-molecule acceptors (NF-SMAs). Although the morphological stability of these NF-SMA devices critically affects their intrinsic lifetime, their fundamental intermolecular interactions and how they govern property-function relations and morphological stability of OSCs remain elusive. Here, we discover that the diffusion of an NF-SMA into the donor polymer exhibits Arrhenius behaviour and that the activation energy Ea scales linearly with the enthalpic interaction parameters χH between the polymer and the NF-SMA. Consequently, the thermodynamically most unstable, hypo-miscible systems (high χ) are the most kinetically stabilized. We relate the differences in Ea to measured and selectively simulated molecular self-interaction properties of the constituent materials and develop quantitative property-function relations that link thermal and mechanical characteristics of the NF-SMA and polymer to predict relative diffusion properties and thus morphological stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Ghasemi
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Nrup Balar
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Zhengxing Peng
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Huawei Hu
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Yunpeng Qin
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Taesoo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jeromy J Rech
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matthew Bidwell
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Walker Mask
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Iain McCulloch
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Wei You
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Aram Amassian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Chad Risko
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Brendan T O'Connor
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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285
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Ternary organic solar cells: Improved optical and morphological properties allow an enhanced efficiency. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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286
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van der Pol TP, Li J, van Gorkom BT, Colberts FJM, Wienk MM, Janssen RAJ. Analysis of the Performance of Narrow-Bandgap Organic Solar Cells Based on a Diketopyrrolopyrrole Polymer and a Nonfullerene Acceptor. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:5505-5517. [PMID: 33828634 PMCID: PMC8016210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c11377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The combination of narrow-bandgap diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) polymers and nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) seems well-matched for solar cells that exclusively absorb in the near infrared but they rarely provide high efficiency. One reason is that processing of the active layer is complicated by the fact that DPP-based polymers are generally only sufficiently soluble in chloroform (CF), while NFAs are preferably processed from halogenated aromatic solvents. By using a ternary solvent system consisting of CF, 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO), and chlorobenzene (CB), the short-circuit current density is increased by 50% in solar cells based on a DPP polymer (PDPP5T) and a NFA (IEICO-4F) compared to the use of CF with DIO only. However, the open-circuit voltage and fill factor are reduced. As a result, the efficiency improves from 3.4 to 4.8% only. The use of CB results in stronger aggregation of IEICO-4F as inferred from two-dimensional grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray diffraction. Photo- and electroluminescence and mobility measurements indicate that the changes in performance can be ascribed to a more aggregated blend film in which charge generation is increased but nonradiative recombination is enhanced because of reduced hole mobility. Hence, while CB is essential to obtain well-ordered domains of IEICO-4F in blends with PDPP5T, the morphology and resulting hole mobility of PDPP5T domains remain suboptimal. The results identify the challenges in processing organic solar cells based on DPP polymers and NFAs as near-infrared absorbing photoactive layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom P.
A. van der Pol
- Molecular
Materials and Nanosystems & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Junyu Li
- Molecular
Materials and Nanosystems & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Bas T. van Gorkom
- Molecular
Materials and Nanosystems & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Fallon J. M. Colberts
- Energy
Engineering, Zuyd University of Applied
Sciences, Nieuw Eyckholt
300, Heerlen 6419 DJ, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn M. Wienk
- Molecular
Materials and Nanosystems & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - René A. J. Janssen
- Molecular
Materials and Nanosystems & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Dutch
Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Eindhoven, 5612 AJ, The Netherlands
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287
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Hu L, Jiang Y, Sun L, Xie C, Qin F, Wang W, Zhou Y. Significant Enhancement of Illumination Stability of Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells via an Aqueous Polyethylenimine Modification. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:2607-2614. [PMID: 33689351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Device stability under illumination is the main obstacle of nonfullerene (NF) organic solar cells for moving toward practical application. ZnO, a generally used electron-transporting layer in inverted cells, is prone to induce the decomposition of NF acceptors under illumination with air mass 1.5 (AM1.5) spectrum, resulting in poor device stability. Herein, we report an aqueous polyethylenimine (a-PEI) modification on the ZnO surface could significantly enhance the stability of the NF organic solar cells. After 1000 h of AM1.5 illumination, the efficiency of the cell without a-PEI modification degrades to 43% of its initial value, while the cell with a-PEI modification could maintain 75% of its initial efficiency. The a-PEI modification reduces the number of surface defects with reduced adsorbed oxygen ZnO surface, faster work function recovery kinetics after UV irradiation, and suppressed electron spin resonance response. The reduction of surface defects is beneficial to the stability of NF acceptors on ZnO and also device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Hu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Youyu Jiang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Cong Xie
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fei Qin
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yinhua Zhou
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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288
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Yu H, Pan M, Sun R, Agunawela I, Zhang J, Li Y, Qi Z, Han H, Zou X, Zhou W, Chen S, Lai JYL, Luo S, Luo Z, Zhao D, Lu X, Ade H, Huang F, Min J, Yan H. Regio‐Regular Polymer Acceptors Enabled by Determined Fluorination on End Groups for All‐Polymer Solar Cells with 15.2 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10137-10146. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Mingao Pan
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Indunil Agunawela
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL) North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Zhenyu Qi
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Han Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xinhui Zou
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Shangshang Chen
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Joshua Yuk Lin Lai
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Siwei Luo
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Zhenghui Luo
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Dahui Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL) North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Zhengzhou University Ministry of Education 450002 Zhengzhou China
| | - He Yan
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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289
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Yu H, Pan M, Sun R, Agunawela I, Zhang J, Li Y, Qi Z, Han H, Zou X, Zhou W, Chen S, Lai JYL, Luo S, Luo Z, Zhao D, Lu X, Ade H, Huang F, Min J, Yan H. Regio‐Regular Polymer Acceptors Enabled by Determined Fluorination on End Groups for All‐Polymer Solar Cells with 15.2 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Mingao Pan
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Indunil Agunawela
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL) North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Zhenyu Qi
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Han Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xinhui Zou
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Shangshang Chen
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Joshua Yuk Lin Lai
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Siwei Luo
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Zhenghui Luo
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Dahui Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL) North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Zhengzhou University Ministry of Education 450002 Zhengzhou China
| | - He Yan
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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290
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Zhang Y, Zhao X, Han X, Li Y, Zhang Z, Li T, Xing J, Zuo X, Lin Y. Co 2+-Tuned Tin Oxide Interfaces for Enhanced Stability of Organic Solar Cells. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:3173-3179. [PMID: 33657318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The electron transport layers (ETLs) are one of the crucial factors for realizing the high performance of inverted organic solar cells (OSCs). In inverted OSCs, zinc oxide (ZnO) is a widely used n-type semiconductor as the ETL material. However, when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light, ZnO induces decomposition of organic materials. Tin dioxide (SnO2) has higher conductivity, higher electron mobility, wider bandgap, and weaker absorption of UV light, which is thought to be one of the promising ETLs. Unfortunately, a SnO2 ETL is suffering from high work function (WF), which greatly decreases the ability of charge transport and collection. Here, we induce a facile strategy to reduce the WF of SnO2 by Co2+ tuning. The Co2+-tuned SnO2 exhibits a low WF of 3.64 eV, holding high transmittance and high conductivity. The OSCs based on PM6:Y6 with a Co2+-SnO2 ETL show a notable power conversion efficiency of 15.3%, which is superior to those of the OSCs with ZnO and SnO2 ETLs. The OSCs with a Co2+-SnO2 ETL under continuous UV light and light-emitting diode irradiation exhibit a more robust photostability relative to OSCs with pristine SnO2 ETLs. The trap densities of Co2+-SnO2 films are lower than that of the SnO2 film, which may contribute to enhanced stability of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaona Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yawen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tengfei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jie Xing
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xia Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuze Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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291
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Cheng HW, Juan CY, Mohapatra A, Chen CH, Lin YC, Chang B, Cheng P, Wang HC, Chu CW, Yang Y, Wei KH. High-Performance Organic Photovoltaics Incorporating an Active Layer with a Few Nanometer-Thick Third-Component Layer on a Binary Blend Layer. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:2207-2215. [PMID: 33600178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c05045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a universal approach toward constructing a new bilayer device architecture, a few-nanometer-thick third-component layer on a bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) binary blend layer, has been demonstrated in two different state-of-the-art organic photovoltaic (OPV) systems. Through a careful selection of a third component, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the device based on PM6/Y6/layered PTQ10 layered third-component structure was 16.8%, being higher than those of corresponding devices incorporating the PM6/Y6/PTQ10 BHJ ternary blend (16.1%) and the PM6/Y6 BHJ binary blend (15.5%). Also, the device featuring PM7/Y1-4F/layered PTQ10 layered third-component structure gave a PCE of 15.2%, which is higher than the PCEs of the devices incorporating the PM7/Y1-4F/PTQ10 BHJ ternary blend and the PM7/Y1-4F BHJ binary blend (14.2 and 14.0%, respectively). These enhancements in PCE based on layered third-component structure can be attributed to improvements in the charge separation and charge collection abilities. This simple concept of the layered third-component structure appears to have great promise for achieving high-performance OPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Wen Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yao Juan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
| | - Anisha Mohapatra
- Research Center for Applied Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hao Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Che Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
| | - Bin Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
| | - Pei Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hao-Cheng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
| | - Chih Wei Chu
- Research Center for Applied Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kung-Hwa Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3001, Taiwan
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292
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Jones CCV, Patel JJ, Jansen-van Vuuren RD, Ross GM, Keller BO, Sauriol F, Schatte G, Johnson ER, Snieckus V. Directed Ortho and Remote Metalation of Naphthalene 1,8-Diamide: Complementing S EAr Reactivity for the Synthesis of Substituted Naphthalenes. Org Lett 2021; 23:1966-1973. [PMID: 33667110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mono- and dianion species of 1,8-naphthalene diamide 2 were generated under sec-BuLi/TMEDA conditions and trapped with a variety of electrophiles to give 2- and 2,7- substituted products 3 and 4. Using Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling, mono- and di-iodinated products were converted into the corresponding 2-aryl (5) and 2,7-diaryl (6) products, respectively. The amide-amide rotation barrier of 2 was established by VT NMR, and the structure of fluorenone structure 9, obtained by remote metalation, was secured.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jignesh J Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | | | - Gregory M Ross
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | | | - Francoise Sauriol
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Gabriele Schatte
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Erin R Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Victor Snieckus
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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293
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Kini GP, Lee EJ, Jeon SJ, Moon DK. Understanding the Critical Role of Sequential Fluorination of Phenylene Units on the Properties of Dicarboxylate Bithiophene-Based Wide-Bandgap Polymer Donors for Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2000743. [PMID: 33644922 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Design and development of wide bandgap (WBG) polymer donors with low-lying highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) are increasingly gaining attention in non-fullerene organic photovoltaics since such donors can synergistically enhance power conversion efficiency (PCE) by simultaneously minimizing photon energy loss (Eloss ) and enhancing the spectral response. In this contribution, three new WBG polymer donors, P1, P2, and P3, are prepared by adding phenylene cores with a different number of fluorine (F) substituents (n = 0, 2, and 4, respectively) to dicarboxylate bithiophene-based acceptor units. As predicted, fluorination effectively aides in the lowering of HOMO energy levels, tailoring of the coplanarity and molecular ordering in the polymers. Thus, fluorinated P2 and P3 polymers show higher coplanarity and more intense interchain aggregation than P1, leading to higher charge carrier mobilities and superior phase-separated morphology in the optimized blend films with IT-4F. As a result, both P2:IT-4F and P3:IT-4F realize the best PCEs of 6.89% and 7.03% (vs 0.16% for P1:IT-4F) with lower Eloss values of 0.65 and 0.55 eV, respectively. These results signify the importance of using phenylene units with sequential fluorination in polymer backbone for modifying the optoelectronic properties and realizing low Eloss values by synergistically lowering the HOMO energy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gururaj P Kini
- Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Jin Lee
- Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jae Jeon
- Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Kyung Moon
- Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
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294
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Zhan L, Li S, Xia X, Li Y, Lu X, Zuo L, Shi M, Chen H. Layer-by-Layer Processed Ternary Organic Photovoltaics with Efficiency over 18. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007231. [PMID: 33598972 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Obtaining a finely tuned morphology of the active layer to facilitate both charge generation and charge extraction has long been the goal in the field of organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Here, a solution to resolve the above challenge via synergistically combining the layer-by-layer (LbL) procedure and the ternary strategy is proposed and demonstrated. By adding an asymmetric electron acceptor, BTP-S2, with lower miscibility to the binary donor:acceptor host of PM6:BO-4Cl, vertical phase distribution can be formed with donor-enrichment at the anode and acceptor-enrichment at the cathode in OPV devices during the LbL processing. In contrast, LbL-type binary OPVs based on PM6:BO-4Cl still show bulk-heterojunction like morphology. The formation of the vertical phase distribution can not only reduce charge recombination but also promote charge collection, thus enhancing the photocurrent and fill factor in LbL-type ternary OPVs. Consequently, LbL-type ternary OPVs exhibit the best efficiency of 18.16% (certified: 17.8%), which is among the highest values reported to date for OPVs. The work provides a facile and effective approach for achieving high-efficiency OPVs with expected morphologies, and demonstrates the LbL-type ternary strategy as being a promising procedure in fabricating OPV devices from the present laboratory study to future industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Shuixing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Xia
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yaokai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Lijian Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Minmin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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295
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High electron mobility fluorinated indacenodithiophene small molecule acceptors for organic solar cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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296
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PEGylated perylene bisimides: Chromonic building blocks for the aqueous synthesis of nanostructured silica materials. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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297
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Popp W, Brey D, Binder R, Burghardt I. Quantum Dynamics of Exciton Transport and Dissociation in Multichromophoric Systems. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2021; 72:591-616. [PMID: 33636997 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-090419-040306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Due to the subtle interplay of site-to-site electronic couplings, exciton delocalization, nonadiabatic effects, and vibronic couplings, quantum dynamical studies are needed to elucidate the details of ultrafast photoinduced energy and charge transfer events in organic multichromophoric systems. In this vein, we review an approach that combines first-principles parameterized lattice Hamiltonians with accurate quantum dynamical simulations using advanced multiconfigurational methods. Focusing on the elementary transfer steps in organic functional materials, we address coherent exciton migration and creation of charge transfer excitons in homopolymers, notably representative of the poly(3-hexylthiophene) material, as well as exciton dissociation at polymer:fullerene heterojunctions. We emphasize the role of coherent transfer, trapping effects due to high-frequency phonon modes, and thermal activation due to low-frequency soft modes that drive a diffusive dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wjatscheslaw Popp
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Dominik Brey
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Robert Binder
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Irene Burghardt
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
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298
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Li ZW, Yang JJ, Liu XY, Fang WH, Wang H, Cui G. Chemical Bonding as a New Avenue for Controlling Excited-State Properties and Excitation Energy-Transfer Processes in Zinc Phthalocyanine-Fullerene Dyads. Chemistry 2021; 27:4159-4167. [PMID: 33372312 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Whether chemical bonding can regulate the excited-state and optoelectronic properties of donor-acceptor dyads has been largely elusive. In this work, we used electronic structure and nonadiabatic dynamics methods to explore the excited-state properties of covalently bonded zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc)-fullerene (C60 ) dyads with a 6-6 (or 5-6) bonding configuration in which ZnPc is bonded to two carbon atoms shared by the two hexagonal rings (or a pentagonal and a hexagonal ring) in C60 . In both cases, the locally excited (LE) states on ZnPc are spectroscopically bright. However, their different chemical bonding differentiates the electronic interactions between ZnPc and C60 . In the 5-6 bonding configuration, the LE states on ZnPc are much higher in energy than the LE states on C60 . Thus, the excitation energy transfer from ZnPc to C60 is thermodynamically favorable. On the other hand, in the 6-6 bonding configuration, such a process is inhibited because the LE states on ZnPc are the lowest ones. More detailed mechanisms are elucidated from nonadiabatic dynamics simulations. In the 6-6 bonding configuration, no excitation energy transfer was observed. In contrast, in the 5-6 bonding configuration, several LE and charge-transfer (CT) excitons were shown to participate in the energy-transfer process. Further analysis reveals that the photoinduced energy transfer is mediated by a CT exciton, such that electron- and hole-transfer processes take place in a concerted but asynchronous manner in the excitation energy transfer. It is also found that high-level electronic structure methods including exciton effects are indispensable to accurately describe photoinduced energy- and electron-transfer processes. Furthermore, this work opens up new avenues for regulating the excited-state properties of molecular donor-acceptor dyads by means of chemical bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wen Li
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Jia Yang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Yang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Haobin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, 80217-3364, USA
| | - Ganglong Cui
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
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299
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Tavakkolnia I, Jagadamma LK, Bian R, Manousiadis PP, Videv S, Turnbull GA, Samuel IDW, Haas H. Organic photovoltaics for simultaneous energy harvesting and high-speed MIMO optical wireless communications. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:41. [PMID: 33623027 PMCID: PMC7902835 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00487-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We show that organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are suitable for high-speed optical wireless data receivers that can also harvest power. In addition, these OPVs are of particular interest for indoor applications, as their bandgap is larger than that of silicon, leading to better matching to the spectrum of artificial light. By selecting a suitable combination of a narrow bandgap donor polymer and a nonfullerene acceptor, stable OPVs are fabricated with a power conversion efficiency of 8.8% under 1 Sun and 14% under indoor lighting conditions. In an optical wireless communication experiment, a data rate of 363 Mb/s and a simultaneous harvested power of 10.9 mW are achieved in a 4-by-4 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) setup that consists of four laser diodes, each transmitting 56 mW optical power and four OPV cells on a single panel as receivers at a distance of 40 cm. This result is the highest reported data rate using OPVs as data receivers and energy harvesters. This finding may be relevant to future mobile communication applications because it enables enhanced wireless data communication performance while prolonging the battery life in a mobile device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Tavakkolnia
- LiFi Research and Development Centre, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, The University of Strathclyde, Technology & Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK
| | - Lethy K Jagadamma
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Rui Bian
- pureLiFi, Rosebery House, 9 Haymarket Terrace, Edinburgh, EH12 5EZ, UK
| | - Pavlos P Manousiadis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Stefan Videv
- LiFi Research and Development Centre, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, The University of Strathclyde, Technology & Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK
| | - Graham A Turnbull
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK.
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK.
| | - Harald Haas
- LiFi Research and Development Centre, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, The University of Strathclyde, Technology & Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
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300
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Abstract
Fuel cells are highly efficient and green power sources. The typical membrane electrode assembly is necessary for common electrochemical devices. Recent research and development in solid oxide fuel cells have opened up many new opportunities based on the semiconductor or its heterostructure materials. Semiconductor-based fuel cells (SBFCs) realize the fuel cell functionality in a much more straightforward way. This work aims to discuss new strategies and scientific principles of SBFCs by reviewing various novel junction types/interfaces, i.e., bulk and planar p-n junction, Schottky junction, and n-i type interface contact. New designing methodologies of SBFCs from energy band/alignment and built-in electric field (BIEF), which block the internal electronic transport while assisting interfacial superionic transport and subsequently enhance device performance, are comprehensively reviewed. This work highlights the recent advances of SBFCs and provides new methodology and understanding with significant importance for both fundamental and applied R&D on new-generation fuel cell materials and technologies.
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