251
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Vannice KS, Roehrig JT, Hombach J. Next generation dengue vaccines: A review of the preclinical development pipeline. Vaccine 2015; 33:7091-9. [PMID: 26424602 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dengue represents a significant and growing public health problem across the globe, with approximately half of the world's population at risk. The increasing and expanding burden of dengue has highlighted the need for new tools to prevent dengue, including development of dengue vaccines. Recently, the first dengue vaccine candidate was evaluated in Phase 3 clinical trials, and other vaccine candidates are under clinical evaluation. There are also a number of candidates in preclinical development, based on diverse technologies, with promising results in animal models and likely to move into clinical trials and could eventually be next-generation dengue vaccines. This review provides an overview of the various technological approaches to dengue vaccine development with specific focus on candidates in preclinical development and with evaluation in non-human primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten S Vannice
- Initiative for Vaccine Research, Department of Immunizations, Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - John T Roehrig
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Joachim Hombach
- Initiative for Vaccine Research, Department of Immunizations, Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
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252
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Defining New Therapeutics Using a More Immunocompetent Mouse Model of Antibody-Enhanced Dengue Virus Infection. mBio 2015; 6:e01316-15. [PMID: 26374123 PMCID: PMC4600115 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01316-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With over 3.5 billion people at risk and approximately 390 million human infections per year, dengue virus (DENV) disease strains health care resources worldwide. Previously, we and others established models for DENV pathogenesis in mice that completely lack subunits of the receptors (Ifnar and Ifngr) for type I and type II interferon (IFN) signaling; however, the utility of these models is limited by the pleotropic effect of these cytokines on innate and adaptive immune system development and function. Here, we demonstrate that the specific deletion of Ifnar expression on subsets of murine myeloid cells (LysM Cre+Ifnarflox/flox [denoted as Ifnarf/f herein]) resulted in enhanced DENV replication in vivo. The administration of subneutralizing amounts of cross-reactive anti-DENV monoclonal antibodies to LysM Cre+Ifnarf/f mice prior to infection with DENV serotype 2 or 3 resulted in antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection with many of the characteristics associated with severe DENV disease in humans, including plasma leakage, hypercytokinemia, liver injury, hemoconcentration, and thrombocytopenia. Notably, the pathogenesis of severe DENV-2 or DENV-3 infection in LysM Cre+Ifnarf/f mice was blocked by pre- or postexposure administration of a bispecific dual-affinity retargeting molecule (DART) or an optimized RIG-I receptor agonist that stimulates innate immune responses. Our findings establish a more immunocompetent animal model of ADE of infection with multiple DENV serotypes in which disease is inhibited by treatment with broad-spectrum antibody derivatives or innate immune stimulatory agents. Although dengue virus (DENV) infects hundreds of millions of people annually and results in morbidity and mortality on a global scale, there are no approved antiviral treatments or vaccines. Part of the difficulty in evaluating therapeutic candidates is the lack of small animal models that are permissive to DENV and recapitulate the clinical features of severe human disease. Using animals lacking the type I interferon receptor only on myeloid cell subsets, we developed a more immunocompetent mouse model of severe DENV infection with characteristics of the human disease, including vascular leakage, hemoconcentration, thrombocytopenia, and liver injury. Using this model, we demonstrate that pathogenesis by two different DENV serotypes is inhibited by therapeutic administration of a genetically modified antibody or a RIG-I receptor agonist that stimulates innate immunity.
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253
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Abstract
Many flaviviruses are significant human pathogens that are transmitted by mosquitoes and ticks. Although effective vaccines are available for yellow fever virus, Japanese encephalitic virus, and tick-borne encephalitis virus, these and other flaviviruses still cause thousands of human deaths and millions of illnesses each year. No clinically approved antiviral therapy is available for flavivirus treatment. To meet this unmet medical need, industry and academia have taken multiple approaches to develop antiflavivirus therapy, among which targeting viral entry has been actively pursued in the past decade. Here we review the current knowledge of flavivirus entry and its use for small molecule drug discovery. Inhibitors of two major steps of flaviviral entry have been reported: (i) molecules that block virus-receptor interaction; (ii) compounds that prevent conformational change of viral envelope protein during virus-host membrane fusion. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of targeting viral entry for treatment of flavivirus infection as compared to targeting viral replication proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pei-Yong Shi
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Singapore
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254
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Slon Campos JL, Poggianella M, Marchese S, Bestagno M, Burrone OR. Secretion of dengue virus envelope protein ectodomain from mammalian cells is dependent on domain II serotype and affects the immune response upon DNA vaccination. J Gen Virol 2015; 96:3265-3279. [PMID: 26358704 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is currently among the most important human pathogens and affects millions of people throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Although it has been a World Health Organization priority for several years, there is still no efficient vaccine available to prevent infection. The envelope glycoprotein (E), exposed on the surface on infective viral particles, is the main target of neutralizing antibodies. For this reason it has been used as the antigen of choice for vaccine development efforts. Here we show a detailed analysis of factors involved in the expression, secretion and folding of E ectodomain from all four DENV serotypes in mammalian cells, and how this affects their ability to induce neutralizing antibody responses in DNA-vaccinated mice. Proper folding of E domain II (DII) is essential for efficient E ectodomain secretion, with DIII playing a significant role in stabilizing soluble dimers. We also show that the level of protein secreted from transfected cells determines the strength and efficiency of antibody responses in the context of DNA vaccination and should be considered a pivotal feature for the development of E-based DNA vaccines against DENV.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Slon Campos
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Poggianella
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Marchese
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Bestagno
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - O R Burrone
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
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255
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Frei JC, Kielian M, Lai JR. Comprehensive mapping of functional epitopes on dengue virus glycoprotein E DIII for binding to broadly neutralizing antibodies 4E11 and 4E5A by phage display. Virology 2015; 485:371-82. [PMID: 26339794 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Here we investigated the binding of Dengue virus envelope glycoprotein domain III (DIII) by two broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), 4E11 and 4E5A. There are four serotypes of Dengue virus (DENV-1 to -4), whose DIII sequences vary by up to 49%. We used combinatorial alanine scanning mutagenesis, a phage display approach, to map functional epitopes (those residues that contribute most significantly to the energetics of antibody-antigen interaction) on these four serotypes. Our results showed that 4E11, which binds strongly to DENV-1, -2, and -3, and moderately to DENV-4, recognized a common conserved core functional epitope involving DIII residues K310, L/I387, L389, and W391. There were also unique recognition features for each serotype, suggesting that 4E11 has flexible recognition requirements. Similar scanning studies for the related bNAb 4E5A, which binds more tightly to DENV-4, identified broader functional epitopes on DENV-1. These results provide useful information for immunogen and therapeutic antibody design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Frei
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Margaret Kielian
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Jonathan R Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461, United States.
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256
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Complexity of Neutralizing Antibodies against Multiple Dengue Virus Serotypes after Heterotypic Immunization and Secondary Infection Revealed by In-Depth Analysis of Cross-Reactive Antibodies. J Virol 2015; 89:7348-62. [PMID: 25972550 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00273-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) cause the most important and rapidly emerging arboviral diseases in humans. The recent phase 2b and 3 studies of a tetravalent dengue vaccine reported a moderate efficacy despite the presence of neutralizing antibodies, highlighting the need for a better understanding of neutralizing antibodies in polyclonal human sera. Certain type-specific (TS) antibodies were recently discovered to account for the monotypic neutralizing activity and protection after primary DENV infection. The nature of neutralizing antibodies after secondary DENV infection remains largely unknown. In this study, we examined sera from 10 vaccinees with well-documented exposure to first and second DENV serotypes through heterotypic immunization with live-attenuated vaccines. Higher serum IgG avidities to both exposed and nonexposed serotypes were found after secondary immunization than after primary immunization. Using a two-step depletion protocol to remove different anti-envelope antibodies, including group-reactive (GR) and complex-reactive (CR) antibodies separately, we found GR and CR antibodies together contributed to more than 50% of neutralizing activities against multiple serotypes after secondary immunization. Similar findings were demonstrated in patients after secondary infection. Anti-envelope antibodies recognizing previously exposed serotypes consisted of a large proportion of GR antibodies, CR antibodies, and a small proportion of TS antibodies, whereas those recognizing nonexposed serotypes consisted of GRand CR antibodies. These findings have implications for sequential heterotypic immunization or primary immunization of DENV-primed individuals as alternative strategies for DENV vaccination. The complexity of neutralizing antibodies after secondary infection provides new insights into the difficulty of their application as surrogates of protection. IMPORTANCE The four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) are the leading cause of arboviral diseases in humans. Despite the presence of neutralizing antibodies, a moderate efficacy was recently reported in phase 2b and 3 trials of a dengue vaccine; a better understanding of neutralizing antibodies in polyclonal human sera is urgently needed.We studied vaccinees who received heterotypic immunization of live-attenuated vaccines, as they were known to have received the first and second DENV serotype exposures.We found anti-envelope antibodies consist of group-reactive (GR), complex-reactive (CR), and type-specific (TS) antibodies, and that both GR and CR antibodies contribute significantly to multitypic neutralizing activities after secondary DENV immunization. These findings have implications for alternative strategies for DENV vaccination. Certain TS antibodies were recently discovered to contribute to the monotypic neutralizing activity and protection after primary DENV infection; our findings of the complexity of neutralizing activities after secondary immunization/infection provide new insights for neutralizing antibodies as surrogates of protection.
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257
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Fibriansah G, Ibarra KD, Ng TS, Smith SA, Tan JL, Lim XN, Ooi JSG, Kostyuchenko VA, Wang J, de Silva AM, Harris E, Crowe JE, Lok SM. DENGUE VIRUS. Cryo-EM structure of an antibody that neutralizes dengue virus type 2 by locking E protein dimers. Science 2015; 349:88-91. [PMID: 26138979 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa8651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
There are four closely-related dengue virus (DENV) serotypes. Infection with one serotype generates antibodies that may cross-react and enhance infection with other serotypes in a secondary infection. We demonstrated that DENV serotype 2 (DENV2)-specific human monoclonal antibody (HMAb) 2D22 is therapeutic in a mouse model of antibody-enhanced severe dengue disease. We determined the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of HMAb 2D22 complexed with two different DENV2 strains. HMAb 2D22 binds across viral envelope (E) proteins in the dimeric structure, which probably blocks the E protein reorganization required for virus fusion. HMAb 2D22 "locks" two-thirds of or all dimers on the virus surface, depending on the strain, but neutralizes these DENV2 strains with equal potency. The epitope defined by HMAb 2D22 is a potential target for vaccines and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guntur Fibriansah
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kristie D Ibarra
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Scott A Smith
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joanne L Tan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xin-Ni Lim
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Justin S G Ooi
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Victor A Kostyuchenko
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aravinda M de Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - James E Crowe
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Shee-Mei Lok
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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258
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Diamond MS, Pierson TC. Molecular Insight into Dengue Virus Pathogenesis and Its Implications for Disease Control. Cell 2015; 162:488-92. [PMID: 26232221 PMCID: PMC4522276 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-transmitted RNA virus that infects an estimated 390 million humans each year. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the biology of DENV and describe knowledge gaps that have impacted the development of effective vaccines and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Diamond
- Departments of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology, Pathology & Immunology, Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Theodore C Pierson
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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259
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Poggianella M, Slon Campos JL, Chan KR, Tan HC, Bestagno M, Ooi EE, Burrone OR. Dengue E Protein Domain III-Based DNA Immunisation Induces Strong Antibody Responses to All Four Viral Serotypes. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015. [PMID: 26218926 PMCID: PMC4517776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a major emerging disease widely distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world affecting several millions of people. Despite constants efforts, no specific treatment or effective vaccine is yet available. Here we show a novel design of a DNA immunisation strategy that resulted in the induction of strong antibody responses with high neutralisation titres in mice against all four viral serotypes. The immunogenic molecule is an engineered version of the domain III (DIII) of the virus E protein fused to the dimerising CH3 domain of the IgG immunoglobulin H chain. The DIII sequences were also codon-optimised for expression in mammalian cells. While DIII alone is very poorly secreted, the codon-optimised fusion protein is rightly expressed, folded and secreted at high levels, thus inducing strong antibody responses. Mice were immunised using gene-gun technology, an efficient way of intradermal delivery of the plasmid DNA, and the vaccine was able to induce neutralising titres against all serotypes. Additionally, all sera showed reactivity to a recombinant DIII version and the recombinant E protein produced and secreted from mammalian cells in a mono-biotinylated form when tested in a conformational ELISA. Sera were also highly reactive to infective viral particles in a virus-capture ELISA and specific for each serotype as revealed by the low cross-reactive and cross-neutralising activities. The serotype specific sera did not induce antibody dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) in non-homologous virus serotypes. A tetravalent immunisation protocol in mice showed induction of neutralising antibodies against all four dengue serotypes as well. Dengue disease is a mosquito-borne viral infection caused by Dengue virus (DENV), one of the most important human pathogens worldwide. DENV infection produces a systemic disease with a broad symptomatic spectrum ranging from mild febrile illness (Dengue Fever, DF) to severe haemorrhagic manifestations (Dengue Haemorrhagic fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome, DHF and DSS respectively). To date there is no vaccine available to prevent dengue disease. We show here a strategy of immunisation, tested in mice, that elicits a strong immune response against the four different DENV serotypes. The novelties presented in our work open the way to the development of an efficient vaccine accessible to developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Poggianella
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - José L. Slon Campos
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Kuan Rong Chan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Hwee Cheng Tan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Marco Bestagno
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Eng Eong Ooi
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Oscar R. Burrone
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
- * E-mail:
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260
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Immunogenic Subviral Particles Displaying Domain III of Dengue 2 Envelope Protein Vectored by Measles Virus. Vaccines (Basel) 2015; 3:503-18. [PMID: 26350592 PMCID: PMC4586464 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines3030503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines against dengue virus (DV) are commercially nonexistent. A subunit vaccination strategy may be of value, especially if a safe viral vector acts as biologically active adjuvant. In this paper, we focus on an immunoglobulin-like, independently folded domain III (DIII) from DV 2 envelope protein (E), which contains epitopes that elicits highly specific neutralizing antibodies. We modified the hepatitis B small surface antigen (HBsAg, S) in order to display DV 2 DIII on a virus-like particle (VLP), thus generating the hybrid antigen DIII-S. Two varieties of measles virus (MV) vectors were developed to express DIII-S. The first expresses the hybrid antigen from an additional transcription unit (ATU) and the second additionally expresses HBsAg from a separate ATU. We found that this second MV vectoring the hybrid VLPs displaying DIII-S on an unmodified HBsAg scaffold were immunogenic in MV-susceptible mice (HuCD46Ge-IFNarko), eliciting robust neutralizing responses (averages) against MV (1:1280 NT90), hepatitis B virus (787 mIU/mL), and DV2 (1:160 NT50) in all of the tested animals. Conversely, the MV vector expressing only DIII-S induced immunity against MV alone. In summary, DV2 neutralizing responses can be generated by displaying E DIII on a scaffold of HBsAg-based VLPs, vectored by MV.
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261
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Gilman MSA, Moin SM, Mas V, Chen M, Patel NK, Kramer K, Zhu Q, Kabeche SC, Kumar A, Palomo C, Beaumont T, Baxa U, Ulbrandt ND, Melero JA, Graham BS, McLellan JS. Characterization of a Prefusion-Specific Antibody That Recognizes a Quaternary, Cleavage-Dependent Epitope on the RSV Fusion Glycoprotein. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005035. [PMID: 26161532 PMCID: PMC4498696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention efforts for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) have been advanced due to the recent isolation and characterization of antibodies that specifically recognize the prefusion conformation of the RSV fusion (F) glycoprotein. These potently neutralizing antibodies are in clinical development for passive prophylaxis and have also aided the design of vaccine antigens that display prefusion-specific epitopes. To date, prefusion-specific antibodies have been shown to target two antigenic sites on RSV F, but both of these sites are also present on monomeric forms of F. Here we present a structural and functional characterization of human antibody AM14, which potently neutralized laboratory strains and clinical isolates of RSV from both A and B subtypes. The crystal structure and location of escape mutations revealed that AM14 recognizes a quaternary epitope that spans two protomers and includes a region that undergoes extensive conformational changes in the pre- to postfusion F transition. Binding assays demonstrated that AM14 is unique in its specific recognition of trimeric furin-cleaved prefusion F, which is the mature form of F on infectious virions. These results demonstrate that the prefusion F trimer contains potent neutralizing epitopes not present on monomers and that AM14 should be particularly useful for characterizing the conformational state of RSV F-based vaccine antigens.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/chemistry
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/ultrastructure
- Antibodies, Viral/chemistry
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/ultrastructure
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Cell Line
- Chromatography, Gel
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Epitope Mapping
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/chemistry
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/ultrastructure
- Flow Cytometry
- Glycoproteins/chemistry
- Glycoproteins/immunology
- Glycoproteins/ultrastructure
- Humans
- Protein Structure, Quaternary
- Respiratory Syncytial Viruses/immunology
- Surface Plasmon Resonance
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan S. A. Gilman
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Syed M. Moin
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vicente Mas
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Man Chen
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nita K. Patel
- MedImmune Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kari Kramer
- MedImmune Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Qing Zhu
- MedImmune Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephanie C. Kabeche
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Azad Kumar
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Concepción Palomo
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tim Beaumont
- AIMM Therapeutics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Baxa
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - José A. Melero
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Barney S. Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jason S. McLellan
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
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262
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Bertok T, Šedivá A, Filip J, Ilcikova M, Kasak P, Velic D, Jane E, Mravcová M, Rovenský J, Kunzo P, Lobotka P, Šmatko V, Vikartovská A, Tkac J. Carboxybetaine Modified Interface for Electrochemical Glycoprofiling of Antibodies Isolated from Human Serum. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:7148-57. [PMID: 26048139 PMCID: PMC4489201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Impedimetric lectin biosensors capable of recognizing two different carbohydrates (galactose and sialic acid) in glycans attached to antibodies isolated from human serum were prepared. The first step entailed the modification of a gold surface by a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) deposited from a solution containing a carboxybetaine-terminated thiol applied to the subsequent covalent immobilization of lectins and to resist nonspecific protein adsorption. In the next step, Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) or Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA) was covalently attached to the SAM, and the whole process of building a bioreceptive layer was optimized and characterized using a diverse range of techniques including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, quartz crystal microbalance, contact angle measurements, zeta-potential assays, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. In addition, the application of the SNA-based lectin biosensor in the glycoprofiling of antibodies isolated from the human sera of healthy individuals and of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was successfully validated using an SNA-based lectin microarray. The results showed that the SNA lectin, in particular, is capable of discriminating between the antibodies isolated from healthy individuals and those from RA patients based on changes in the amount of sialic acid present in the antibodies. In addition, the results obtained by the application of RCA and SNA biosensors indicate that the abundance of galactose and sialic acid in antibodies isolated from healthy individuals is age-related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Bertok
- Department
of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovak Republic
| | - Alena Šedivá
- Department
of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaroslav Filip
- Department
of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovak Republic
| | - Marketa Ilcikova
- Centre
for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Peter Kasak
- Centre
for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Dusan Velic
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska Dolina, Bratislava, 842 15, Slovak Republic
- International
Laser Centre, Ilkovičova
3, Bratislava 841 04, Slovak Republic
| | - Eduard Jane
- International
Laser Centre, Ilkovičova
3, Bratislava 841 04, Slovak Republic
| | - Martina Mravcová
- Laboratory
of Human Endocrinology, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vlarska 3, Bratislava, 833 06, Slovak Republic
| | - Jozef Rovenský
- National
Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Nábrežie I. Krasku 4, 921 12 Piešt’any, Slovak Republic
| | - Pavol Kunzo
- Department
of Sensors and Detectors, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Lobotka
- Department
of Sensors and Detectors, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovak Republic
| | - Vasilij Šmatko
- Department
of Sensors and Detectors, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovak Republic
| | - Alica Vikartovská
- Department
of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovak Republic
| | - Jan Tkac
- Department
of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovak Republic
- Tel.: +421 2 5941 0263. E-mail:
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263
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Hushegyi A, Bertok T, Damborsky P, Katrlik J, Tkac J. An ultrasensitive impedimetric glycan biosensor with controlled glycan density for detection of lectins and influenza hemagglutinins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:7474-7. [PMID: 25828081 PMCID: PMC4883646 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc00922g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
An impedimetric glycan biosensor with optimised glycan density was applied for the detection of lectins and influenza hemagglutinins down to attomolar concentrations (aM).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hushegyi
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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264
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Casadevall A, Pirofski LA. The Ebola epidemic crystallizes the potential of passive antibody therapy for infectious diseases. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004717. [PMID: 25905897 PMCID: PMC4408073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Casadevall
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Liise-anne Pirofski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
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265
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Kuhn RJ, Dowd KA, Beth Post C, Pierson TC. Shake, rattle, and roll: Impact of the dynamics of flavivirus particles on their interactions with the host. Virology 2015; 479-480:508-17. [PMID: 25835729 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Remarkable progress in structural biology has equipped virologists with insight into structures of viral proteins and virions at increasingly high resolution. Structural information has been used extensively to address fundamental questions about virtually all aspects of how viruses replicate in cells, interact with the host, and in the design of antiviral compounds. However, many critical aspects of virology exist outside the snapshots captured by traditional methods used to generate high-resolution structures. Like all proteins, viral proteins are not static structures. The conformational flexibility and dynamics of proteins play a significant role in protein-protein interactions, and in the structure and biology of virus particles. This review will discuss the implications of the dynamics of viral proteins on the biology, antigenicity, and immunogenicity of flaviviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Kuhn
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Kimberly A Dowd
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Carol Beth Post
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Theodore C Pierson
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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266
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Dejnirattisai W, Wongwiwat W, Supasa S, Zhang X, Dai X, Rouvinski A, Jumnainsong A, Edwards C, Quyen NTH, Duangchinda T, Grimes JM, Tsai WY, Lai CY, Wang WK, Malasit P, Farrar J, Simmons CP, Zhou ZH, Rey FA, Mongkolsapaya J, Screaton GR. A new class of highly potent, broadly neutralizing antibodies isolated from viremic patients infected with dengue virus. Nat Immunol 2015; 16:170-177. [PMID: 25501631 PMCID: PMC4445969 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is a rapidly emerging, mosquito-borne viral infection, with an estimated 400 million infections occurring annually. To gain insight into dengue immunity, we characterized 145 human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and identified a previously unknown epitope, the envelope dimer epitope (EDE), that bridges two envelope protein subunits that make up the 90 repeating dimers on the mature virion. The mAbs to EDE were broadly reactive across the dengue serocomplex and fully neutralized virus produced in either insect cells or primary human cells, with 50% neutralization in the low picomolar range. Our results provide a path to a subunit vaccine against dengue virus and have implications for the design and monitoring of future vaccine trials in which the induction of antibody to the EDE should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwisa Dejnirattisai
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Wiyada Wongwiwat
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Sunpetchuda Supasa
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College, London, UK
- Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Institut Pasteur, Département de Virologie, Unité de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3569 Virologie, Paris, France
| | - Xinghong Dai
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alexander Rouvinski
- Institut Pasteur, Département de Virologie, Unité de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3569 Virologie, Paris, France
| | - Amonrat Jumnainsong
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College, London, UK
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Carolyn Edwards
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Nguyen Than Ha Quyen
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Program, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Thaneeya Duangchinda
- Medical Biotechnology Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Jonathan M Grimes
- Division of Structural Biology and Oxford Protein Production Facility, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Science Division, Diamond Light Source, Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Wen-Yang Tsai
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Chih-Yun Lai
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Wei-Kung Wang
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Prida Malasit
- Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Medical Biotechnology Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Jeremy Farrar
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Program, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Cameron P Simmons
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Program, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Z Hong Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Felix A Rey
- Institut Pasteur, Département de Virologie, Unité de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3569 Virologie, Paris, France
| | - Juthathip Mongkolsapaya
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College, London, UK
- Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Gavin R Screaton
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College, London, UK
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