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Chia WN, Tan CW, Tan AWK, Young B, Starr TN, Lopez E, Fibriansah G, Barr J, Cheng S, Yeoh AYY, Yap WC, Lim BL, Ng TS, Sia WR, Zhu F, Chen S, Zhang J, Kwek MSS, Greaney AJ, Chen M, Au GG, Paradkar PN, Peiris M, Chung AW, Bloom JD, Lye D, Lok S, Wang LF. Potent pan huACE2-dependent sarbecovirus neutralizing monoclonal antibodies isolated from a BNT162b2-vaccinated SARS survivor. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eade3470. [PMID: 37494438 PMCID: PMC10371021 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade3470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern such as Omicron hampered efforts in controlling the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic due to their ability to escape neutralizing antibodies induced by vaccination or prior infection, highlighting the need to develop broad-spectrum vaccines and therapeutics. Most human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reported to date have not demonstrated true pan-sarbecovirus neutralizing breadth especially against animal sarbecoviruses. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of highly potent mAbs targeting the receptor binding domain (RBD) of huACE2-dependent sarbecovirus from a SARS-CoV survivor vaccinated with BNT162b2. Among the six mAbs identified, one (E7) showed better huACE2-dependent sarbecovirus neutralizing potency and breadth than any other mAbs reported to date. Mutagenesis and cryo-electron microscopy studies indicate that these mAbs have a unique RBD contact footprint and that E7 binds to a quaternary structure-dependent epitope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ni Chia
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee Wah Tan
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aaron Wai Kit Tan
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Barnaby Young
- National Center of Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tyler N. Starr
- Basic Sciences Division and Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ester Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Guntur Fibriansah
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jennifer Barr
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Samuel Cheng
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aileen Ying-Yan Yeoh
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee Chee Yap
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Beng Lee Lim
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wan Rong Sia
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Feng Zhu
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiwei Chen
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jinyan Zhang
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Madeline Sheng Si Kwek
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Allison J. Greaney
- Basic Sciences Division and Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mark Chen
- National Center of Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gough G. Au
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Prasad N. Paradkar
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Malik Peiris
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Immunology & Infection, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amy W. Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jesse D. Bloom
- Basic Sciences Division and Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Lye
- National Center of Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sheemei Lok
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lin-Fa Wang
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, Singapore, Singapore
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Adams C, Carbaugh DL, Shu B, Ng TS, Castillo IN, Bhowmik R, Segovia-Chumbez B, Puhl AC, Graham S, Diehl SA, Lazear HM, Lok SM, de Silva AM, Premkumar L. Structure and neutralization mechanism of a human antibody targeting a complex Epitope on Zika virus. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1010814. [PMID: 36626401 PMCID: PMC9870165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We currently have an incomplete understanding of why only a fraction of human antibodies that bind to flaviviruses block infection of cells. Here we define the footprint of a strongly neutralizing human monoclonal antibody (mAb G9E) with Zika virus (ZIKV) by both X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy. Flavivirus envelope (E) glycoproteins are present as homodimers on the virion surface, and G9E bound to a quaternary structure epitope spanning both E protomers forming a homodimer. As G9E mainly neutralized ZIKV by blocking a step after viral attachment to cells, we tested if the neutralization mechanism of G9E was dependent on the mAb cross-linking E molecules and blocking low-pH triggered conformational changes required for viral membrane fusion. We introduced targeted mutations to the G9E paratope to create recombinant antibodies that bound to the ZIKV envelope without cross-linking E protomers. The G9E paratope mutants that bound to a restricted epitope on one protomer poorly neutralized ZIKV compared to the wild-type mAb, demonstrating that the neutralization mechanism depended on the ability of G9E to cross-link E proteins. In cell-free low pH triggered viral fusion assay, both wild-type G9E, and epitope restricted paratope mutant G9E bound to ZIKV but only the wild-type G9E blocked fusion. We propose that, beyond antibody binding strength, the ability of human antibodies to cross-link E-proteins is a critical determinant of flavivirus neutralization potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Adams
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Derek L. Carbaugh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Bo Shu
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Bio-Imaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Bio-Imaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Izabella N. Castillo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ryan Bhowmik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Bruno Segovia-Chumbez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ana C. Puhl
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Stephen Graham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Sean A. Diehl
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Helen M. Lazear
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Shee-mei Lok
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Bio-Imaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aravinda M. de Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lakshmanane Premkumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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3
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Shu B, Ooi JSG, Tan AWK, Ng TS, Dejnirattisai W, Mongkolsapaya J, Fibriansah G, Shi J, Kostyuchenko VA, Screaton GR, Lok SM. CryoEM structures of the multimeric secreted NS1, a major factor for dengue hemorrhagic fever. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6756. [PMID: 36347841 PMCID: PMC9643530 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34415-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus infection can cause dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Dengue NS1 is multifunctional. The intracellular dimeric NS1 (iNS1) forms part of the viral replication complex. Previous studies suggest the extracellular secreted NS1 (sNS1), which is a major factor contributing to DHF, exists as hexamers. The structure of the iNS1 is well-characterised but not that of sNS1. Here we show by cryoEM that the recombinant sNS1 exists in multiple oligomeric states: the tetrameric (stable and loose conformation) and hexameric structures. Stability of the stable and loose tetramers is determined by the conformation of their N-terminal domain - elongated β-sheet or β-roll. Binding of an anti-NS1 Fab breaks the loose tetrameric and hexameric sNS1 into dimers, whereas the stable tetramer remains largely unbound. Our results show detailed quaternary organization of different oligomeric states of sNS1 and will contribute towards the design of dengue therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shu
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Justin S G Ooi
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Aaron W K Tan
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | | | | | - Guntur Fibriansah
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Jian Shi
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Victor A Kostyuchenko
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Gavin R Screaton
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9D, UK
| | - Shee-Mei Lok
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore.
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Ng TS, Lam CL, Ong T. Hospital healthcare utilisation among older adults admitted to a university hospital in the last months of life: A retrospective observational study. Med J Malaysia 2022; 77:585-589. [PMID: 36169070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Health needs increase in older age. This translates into higher healthcare utilisation and expenditure compared to any other age group. Much of this is driven by frailty and multimorbidity. Many older people spend their last days in hospital. The aim of this study was to explore the utilisation of healthcare services among older adults admitted to a university hospital in the last 6 months of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients aged 70 years and over who died on medical wards of a university hospital in 2019 were included based on a stratified sampling approach using three categories. The categories were which medical ward the patient was admitted under, ICD-10 reported cause of death, and gender. The proportion of patients distributed across all three categories was calculated and 200 patients out of 472 deaths in that year were randomly selected to ensure mirrored proportion distributed across these three categories. Data on demographics and healthcare utilisation were collected. Healthcare utilisation parameters included clinical encounters, radiological investigations, and medical procedures undergone. RESULTS The median age was 83 years with more women (51%) than men. Septicaemia was the commonest cause of death (24.5%), followed by pulmonary disease (21.0%), and cardiovascular disease (19.5%). In the last 6 months before death, median inpatient stay was 9 days. The median number of Emergency Department and outpatient attendance was one episode, respectively, and number of radiology was four investigations. Over one-third of patients had multiple hospital admission. During the terminal admission, the median inpatient stay was 6 days. 45% had a nasogastric tube in-situ. Antibiotics used during the last 24 hours of life and polypharmacy (≥5 medications) were high at 74.5% and 82.5%, respectively. 7% of patients received cardiopulmonary resuscitation. CONCLUSION This study has provided descriptive evidence of hospital care delivered in the last months of life. The majority had contact with a healthcare team prior to their terminal admission. Many during their terminal admission had healthcare procedures, investigations, antibiotics, and issues of polypharmacy during this time. With an aging population, how care is organised and delivered is important in promoting good care in their later years.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Ng
- University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C L Lam
- University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - T Ong
- University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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5
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Lim XX, Shu B, Zhang S, Tan AWK, Ng TS, Lim XN, Chew VSY, Shi J, Screaton GR, Lok SM, Anand GS. Human antibody C10 neutralizes by diminishing Zika but enhancing dengue virus dynamics. Cell 2021; 184:6067-6080.e13. [PMID: 34852238 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The human monoclonal antibody (HmAb) C10 potently cross-neutralizes Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus. Analysis of antibody fragment (Fab) C10 interactions with ZIKV and dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) particles by cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) and amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDXMS) shows that Fab C10 binding decreases overall ZIKV particle dynamics, whereas with DENV2, the same Fab causes increased dynamics. Testing of different Fab C10:DENV2 E protein molar ratios revealed that, at higher Fab ratios, especially at saturated concentrations, the Fab enhanced viral dynamics (detected by HDXMS), and observation under cryo-EM showed increased numbers of distorted particles. Our results suggest that Fab C10 stabilizes ZIKV but that with DENV2 particles, high Fab C10 occupancy promotes E protein dimer conformational changes leading to overall increased particle dynamics and distortion of the viral surface. This is the first instance of a broadly neutralizing antibody eliciting virus-specific increases in whole virus particle dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xiang Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Bo Shu
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Aaron W K Tan
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Xin-Ni Lim
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Valerie S-Y Chew
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Jian Shi
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Gavin R Screaton
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Shee-Mei Lok
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore; Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117557, Singapore.
| | - Ganesh S Anand
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore; Department of Chemistry, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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6
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Zhang S, Loy T, Ng TS, Lim XN, Chew SYV, Tan TY, Xu M, Kostyuchenko VA, Tukijan F, Shi J, Fink K, Lok SM. A Human Antibody Neutralizes Different Flaviviruses by Using Different Mechanisms. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107584. [PMID: 32348755 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human antibody SIgN-3C neutralizes dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) differently. DENV:SIgN-3C Fab and ZIKV:SIgN-3C Fab cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) complex structures show Fabs crosslink E protein dimers at extracellular pH 8.0 condition and also when further incubated at acidic endosomal conditions (pH 8.0-6.5). We observe Fab binding to DENV (pH 8.0-5.0) prevents virus fusion, and the number of bound Fabs increase (from 120 to 180). For ZIKV, although there are already 180 copies of Fab at pH 8.0, virus structural changes at pH 5.0 are not inhibited. The immunoglobulin G (IgG):DENV structure at pH 8.0 shows both Fab arms bind to epitopes around the 2-fold vertex. On ZIKV, an additional Fab around the 5-fold vertex at pH 8.0 suggests one IgG arm would engage with an epitope, although the other may bind to other viruses, causing aggregation. For DENV2 at pH 5.0, a similar scenario would occur, suggesting DENV2:IgG complex would aggregate in the endosome. Hence, a single antibody employs different neutralization mechanisms against different flaviviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuijun Zhang
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Thomas Loy
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Xin-Ni Lim
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Shyn-Yun Valerie Chew
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Ter Yong Tan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Meihui Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Victor A Kostyuchenko
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Farhana Tukijan
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Jian Shi
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore; CryoEM unit, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Katja Fink
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Shee-Mei Lok
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore.
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7
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Fibriansah G, Lim EXY, Marzinek JK, Ng TS, Tan JL, Huber RG, Lim XN, Chew VSY, Kostyuchenko VA, Shi J, Anand GS, Bond PJ, Crowe JE, Lok SM. Antibody affinity versus dengue morphology influences neutralization. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009331. [PMID: 33621239 PMCID: PMC7935256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Different strains within a dengue serotype (DENV1-4) can have smooth, or “bumpy” surface morphologies with different antigenic characteristics at average body temperature (37°C). We determined the neutralizing properties of a serotype cross-reactive human monoclonal antibody (HMAb) 1C19 for strains with differing morphologies within the DENV1 and DENV2 serotypes. We mapped the 1C19 epitope to E protein domain II by hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, cryoEM and molecular dynamics simulations, revealing that this epitope is likely partially hidden on the virus surface. We showed the antibody has high affinity for binding to recombinant DENV1 E proteins compared to those of DENV2, consistent with its strong neutralizing activities for all DENV1 strains tested regardless of their morphologies. This finding suggests that the antibody could out-compete E-to-E interaction for binding to its epitope. In contrast, for DENV2, HMAb 1C19 can only neutralize when the epitope becomes exposed on the bumpy-surfaced particle. Although HMAb 1C19 is not a suitable therapeutic candidate, this study with HMAb 1C19 shows the importance of choosing a high-affinity antibody that could neutralize diverse dengue virus morphologies for therapeutic purposes. Dengue virus consists of four serotypes (DENV1-4) and there are different strains within a serotype. DENV can have smooth or bumpy surface morphologies at physiological body temperature of 37°C, depending on the strain. We have determined the cryoEM structures of a cross-reactive neutralizing human monoclonal antibody (HMAb) 1C19 in complex with strains of DENV1 and DENV2 that form either smooth or bumpy surface morphologies. We have mapped the epitope of HMAb 1C19 to E protein domain II and the epitope is likely partially hidden on the virus surface. We showed that the antibody has high affinity for binding to recombinant DENV1 E protein than to DENV2 E protein. This explains the strong neutralization activity for all DENV1 strains tested regardless of their morphologies at physiological temperature, whereas it can only neutralize DENV2 strain that exposes the epitope on the bumpy surface particles. These results suggest that high-affinity therapeutic antibodies could neutralize diverse dengue virus morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guntur Fibriansah
- Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elisa X. Y. Lim
- Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jan K. Marzinek
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joanne L. Tan
- Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roland G. Huber
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xin-Ni Lim
- Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Valerie S. Y. Chew
- Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Victor A. Kostyuchenko
- Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian Shi
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ganesh S. Anand
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter J. Bond
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - James E. Crowe
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JEC); (SML)
| | - Shee-Mei Lok
- Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (JEC); (SML)
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8
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Tan TY, Fibriansah G, Kostyuchenko VA, Ng TS, Lim XX, Zhang S, Lim XN, Wang J, Shi J, Morais MC, Corti D, Lok SM. Capsid protein structure in Zika virus reveals the flavivirus assembly process. Nat Commun 2020; 11:895. [PMID: 32060358 PMCID: PMC7021721 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14647-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Structures of flavivirus (dengue virus and Zika virus) particles are known to near-atomic resolution and show detailed structure and arrangement of their surface proteins (E and prM in immature virus or M in mature virus). By contrast, the arrangement of the capsid proteins:RNA complex, which forms the core of the particle, is poorly understood, likely due to inherent dynamics. Here, we stabilize immature Zika virus via an antibody that binds across the E and prM proteins, resulting in a subnanometer resolution structure of capsid proteins within the virus particle. Fitting of the capsid protein into densities shows the presence of a helix previously thought to be removed via proteolysis. This structure illuminates capsid protein quaternary organization, including its orientation relative to the lipid membrane and the genomic RNA, and its interactions with the transmembrane regions of the surface proteins. Results show the capsid protein plays a central role in the flavivirus assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ter Yong Tan
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Guntur Fibriansah
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Victor A Kostyuchenko
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Xin-Xiang Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Xin-Ni Lim
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Jian Shi
- CryoEM Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Marc C Morais
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555-0647, USA
| | - Davide Corti
- Humabs BioMed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Inc., CH-6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Shee-Mei Lok
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore.
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9
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Wirawan M, Fibriansah G, Marzinek JK, Lim XX, Ng TS, Sim AYL, Zhang Q, Kostyuchenko VA, Shi J, Smith SA, Verma CS, Anand G, Crowe JE, Bond PJ, Lok SM. Mechanism of Enhanced Immature Dengue Virus Attachment to Endosomal Membrane Induced by prM Antibody. Structure 2018; 27:253-267.e8. [PMID: 30471923 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) particles are released from cells in different maturation states. Fully immature DENV (immDENV) is generally non-infectious, but can become infectious when complexed with anti-precursor membrane (prM) protein antibodies. It is unknown how anti-prM antibody-coated particles can undergo membrane fusion since the prM caps the envelope (E) protein fusion loop. Here, we determined cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) maps of the immDENV:anti-prM complex at different pH values, mimicking the extracellular (pH 8.0) or endosomal (pH 5.0) environments. At pH 5.0, there are two structural classes with fewer antibodies bound than at pH 8.0. These classes may represent different maturation states. Molecular simulations, together with the measured high-affinity pr:antibody interaction (versus the weak pr:E interaction) and also the low pH cryo-EM structures, suggest how antibody:pr complex can dislodge from the E protein at low pH. This exposes the E protein fusion loop enhancing virus interaction with endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Wirawan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Guntur Fibriansah
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Jan K Marzinek
- Bioinformatics Institute, A(∗)STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138671, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Xin Xiang Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Adelene Y L Sim
- Bioinformatics Institute, A(∗)STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Qian Zhang
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Victor A Kostyuchenko
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Jian Shi
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Scott A Smith
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Chandra S Verma
- Bioinformatics Institute, A(∗)STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138671, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Ganesh Anand
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - James E Crowe
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Peter J Bond
- Bioinformatics Institute, A(∗)STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138671, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Shee-Mei Lok
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore.
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10
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Gallichotte EN, Dinnon KH, Lim XN, Ng TS, Lim EXY, Menachery VD, Lok SM, Baric RS. CD-loop Extension in Zika Virus Envelope Protein Key for Stability and Pathogenesis. J Infect Dis 2017; 216:1196-1204. [PMID: 28968838 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With severe disease manifestations including microcephaly, congenital malformation, and Guillain-Barré syndrome, Zika virus (ZIKV) remains a persistent global public health threat. Despite antigenic similarities with dengue viruses, structural studies have suggested the extended CD-loop and hydrogen-bonding interaction network within the ZIKV envelope protein contribute to stability differences between the viral families. This enhanced stability may lead to the augmented infection, disease manifestation, and persistence in body fluids seen following ZIKV infection. To examine the role of these motifs in infection, we generated a series of ZIKV recombinant viruses that disrupted the hydrogen-bonding network (350A, 351A, and 350A/351A) or the CD-loop extension (Δ346). Our results demonstrate a key role for the ZIKV extended CD-loop in cell-type-dependent replication, virion stability, and in vivo pathogenesis. Importantly, the Δ346 mutant maintains similar antigenicity to wild-type virus, opening the possibility for its use as a live-attenuated vaccine platform for ZIKV and other clinically relevant flaviviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N Gallichotte
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Kenneth H Dinnon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Xin-Ni Lim
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School.,Centre for BioImaging Science, National University of Singapore
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School.,Centre for BioImaging Science, National University of Singapore
| | - Elisa X Y Lim
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School.,Centre for BioImaging Science, National University of Singapore
| | - Vineet D Menachery
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Shee-Mei Lok
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School.,Centre for BioImaging Science, National University of Singapore
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.,Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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11
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Wang J, Bardelli M, Espinosa DA, Pedotti M, Ng TS, Bianchi S, Simonelli L, Lim EXY, Foglierini M, Zatta F, Jaconi S, Beltramello M, Cameroni E, Fibriansah G, Shi J, Barca T, Pagani I, Rubio A, Broccoli V, Vicenzi E, Graham V, Pullan S, Dowall S, Hewson R, Jurt S, Zerbe O, Stettler K, Lanzavecchia A, Sallusto F, Cavalli A, Harris E, Lok SM, Varani L, Corti D. A Human Bi-specific Antibody against Zika Virus with High Therapeutic Potential. Cell 2017; 171:229-241.e15. [PMID: 28938115 PMCID: PMC5673489 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, causes devastating congenital birth defects. We isolated a human monoclonal antibody (mAb), ZKA190, that potently cross-neutralizes multi-lineage ZIKV strains. ZKA190 is highly effective in vivo in preventing morbidity and mortality of ZIKV-infected mice. NMR and cryo-electron microscopy show its binding to an exposed epitope on DIII of the E protein. ZKA190 Fab binds all 180 E protein copies, altering the virus quaternary arrangement and surface curvature. However, ZIKV escape mutants emerged in vitro and in vivo in the presence of ZKA190, as well as of other neutralizing mAbs. To counter this problem, we developed a bispecific antibody (FIT-1) comprising ZKA190 and a second mAb specific for DII of E protein. In addition to retaining high in vitro and in vivo potencies, FIT-1 robustly prevented viral escape, warranting its development as a ZIKV immunotherapy.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/chemistry
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Viral/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Viral/chemistry
- Antibodies, Viral/therapeutic use
- Cryoelectron Microscopy
- Epitopes
- Humans
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Mice
- Models, Molecular
- Sequence Alignment
- Viral Envelope Proteins/chemistry
- Zika Virus/chemistry
- Zika Virus/immunology
- Zika Virus Infection/therapy
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Marco Bardelli
- Insitute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Diego A Espinosa
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 185 Li Ka Shing Center, 1951 Oxford Street, Berkeley, California, 94720-3370, USA
| | - Mattia Pedotti
- Insitute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Siro Bianchi
- Humabs BioMed SA a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Inc., Via Mirasole 1, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Luca Simonelli
- Insitute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Elisa X Y Lim
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Mathilde Foglierini
- Insitute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizia Zatta
- Humabs BioMed SA a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Inc., Via Mirasole 1, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Jaconi
- Humabs BioMed SA a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Inc., Via Mirasole 1, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Martina Beltramello
- Humabs BioMed SA a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Inc., Via Mirasole 1, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Elisabetta Cameroni
- Humabs BioMed SA a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Inc., Via Mirasole 1, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Guntur Fibriansah
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Jian Shi
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore; CryoEM unit, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557
| | - Taylor Barca
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 185 Li Ka Shing Center, 1951 Oxford Street, Berkeley, California, 94720-3370, USA
| | - Isabel Pagani
- Viral Pathogens and Biosafety Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alicia Rubio
- Viral Pathogens and Biosafety Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Vania Broccoli
- Viral Pathogens and Biosafety Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy; CNR-Institute of Neuroscience, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Vicenzi
- Viral Pathogens and Biosafety Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Victoria Graham
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Steven Pullan
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Stuart Dowall
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Roger Hewson
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Simon Jurt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Zerbe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karin Stettler
- Humabs BioMed SA a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Inc., Via Mirasole 1, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Lanzavecchia
- Insitute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Federica Sallusto
- Insitute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Insitute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 185 Li Ka Shing Center, 1951 Oxford Street, Berkeley, California, 94720-3370, USA
| | - Shee-Mei Lok
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore.
| | - Luca Varani
- Insitute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.
| | - Davide Corti
- Humabs BioMed SA a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Inc., Via Mirasole 1, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.
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12
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Kostyuchenko VA, Lim EXY, Zhang S, Fibriansah G, Ng TS, Ooi JSG, Shi J, Lok SM. Structure of the thermally stable Zika virus. Nature 2016; 533:425-8. [PMID: 27093288 DOI: 10.1038/nature17994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), formerly a neglected pathogen, has recently been associated with microcephaly in fetuses, and with Guillian-Barré syndrome in adults. Here we present the 3.7 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of ZIKV, and show that the overall architecture of the virus is similar to that of other flaviviruses. Sequence and structural comparisons of the ZIKV envelope (E) protein with other flaviviruses show that parts of the E protein closely resemble the neurovirulent West Nile and Japanese encephalitis viruses, while others are similar to dengue virus (DENV). However, the contribution of the E protein to flavivirus pathobiology is currently not understood. The virus particle was observed to be structurally stable even when incubated at 40 °C, in sharp contrast to the less thermally stable DENV. This is also reflected in the infectivity of ZIKV compared to DENV serotypes 2 and 4 (DENV2 and DENV4) at different temperatures. The cryo-electron microscopy structure shows a virus with a more compact surface. This structural stability of the virus may help it to survive in the harsh conditions of semen, saliva and urine. Antibodies or drugs that destabilize the structure may help to reduce the disease outcome or limit the spread of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor A Kostyuchenko
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Elisa X Y Lim
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Guntur Fibriansah
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Justin S G Ooi
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Jian Shi
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore.,CryoEM unit, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Shee-Mei Lok
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
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13
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Fibriansah G, Ibarra KD, Ng TS, Smith SA, Tan JL, Lim XN, Ooi JSG, Kostyuchenko VA, Wang J, de Silva AM, Harris E, Crowe JE, Lok SM. DENGUE VIRUS. Cryo-EM structure of an antibody that neutralizes dengue virus type 2 by locking E protein dimers. Science 2015; 349:88-91. [PMID: 26138979 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa8651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
There are four closely-related dengue virus (DENV) serotypes. Infection with one serotype generates antibodies that may cross-react and enhance infection with other serotypes in a secondary infection. We demonstrated that DENV serotype 2 (DENV2)-specific human monoclonal antibody (HMAb) 2D22 is therapeutic in a mouse model of antibody-enhanced severe dengue disease. We determined the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of HMAb 2D22 complexed with two different DENV2 strains. HMAb 2D22 binds across viral envelope (E) proteins in the dimeric structure, which probably blocks the E protein reorganization required for virus fusion. HMAb 2D22 "locks" two-thirds of or all dimers on the virus surface, depending on the strain, but neutralizes these DENV2 strains with equal potency. The epitope defined by HMAb 2D22 is a potential target for vaccines and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guntur Fibriansah
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kristie D Ibarra
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Scott A Smith
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joanne L Tan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xin-Ni Lim
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Justin S G Ooi
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Victor A Kostyuchenko
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aravinda M de Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - James E Crowe
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Shee-Mei Lok
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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14
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Dip PV, Kamariah N, Nartey W, Beushausen C, Kostyuchenko VA, Ng TS, Lok SM, Saw WG, Eisenhaber F, Eisenhaber B, Grüber G. Key roles of the Escherichia coli AhpC C-terminus in assembly and catalysis of alkylhydroperoxide reductase, an enzyme essential for the alleviation of oxidative stress. Biochim Biophys Acta 2015; 1837:1932-1943. [PMID: 25193562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
2-Cys peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a large family of peroxidases, responsible for antioxidant function and regulation in cell signaling, apoptosis and differentiation. The Escherichia coli alkylhydroperoxide reductase (AhpR) is a prototype of the Prxs-family, and is composed of an NADH-dependent AhpF reductase (57 kDa) and AhpC (21 kDa), catalyzing the reduction of H2O2. We show that the E. coli AhpC (EcAhpC, 187 residues) forms a decameric ring structure under reduced and close to physiological conditions, composed of five catalytic dimers. Single particle analysis of cryo-electron micrographs of C-terminal truncated (EcAhpC1 -172 and EcAhpC1 -182) and mutated forms of EcAhpC reveals the loss of decamer formation, indicating the importance of the very C-terminus of AhpC in dimer to decamer transition. The crystallographic structures of the truncated EcAhpC1 -172 and EcAhpC1 -182 demonstrate for the first time that, in contrast to the reduced form, the very C-terminus of the oxidized EcAhpC is oriented away from the AhpC dimer interface and away from the catalytic redox-center, reflecting structural rearrangements during redox-modulation and -oligomerization. Furthermore, using an ensemble of different truncated and mutated EcAhpC protein constructs the importance of the very C-terminus in AhpC activity and in AhpC-AhpF assembly has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phat Vinh Dip
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551; Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, KTP Building, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857; Center for Bioimaging Sciences, Dept. of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077
| | - Neelagandan Kamariah
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671
| | - Wilson Nartey
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
| | - Claudia Beushausen
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
| | - Victor A Kostyuchenko
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, KTP Building, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857; Center for Bioimaging Sciences, Dept. of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, KTP Building, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857; Center for Bioimaging Sciences, Dept. of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077
| | - Shee-Mei Lok
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, KTP Building, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857; Center for Bioimaging Sciences, Dept. of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077
| | - Wuan Geok Saw
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
| | - Frank Eisenhaber
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671; School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597
| | - Birgit Eisenhaber
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671
| | - Gerhard Grüber
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551; Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671.
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15
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Fibriansah G, Tan JL, Smith SA, de Alwis R, Ng TS, Kostyuchenko VA, Jadi RS, Kukkaro P, de Silva AM, Crowe JE, Lok SM. A highly potent human antibody neutralizes dengue virus serotype 3 by binding across three surface proteins. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6341. [PMID: 25698059 PMCID: PMC4346626 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infects ~400 million people annually. There is no licensed vaccine or therapeutic drug. Only a small fraction of the total DENV-specific antibodies in a naturally occurring dengue infection consists of highly neutralizing antibodies. Here we show that the DENV-specific human monoclonal antibody 5J7 is exceptionally potent, neutralizing 50% of virus at nanogram-range antibody concentration. The 9 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the Fab 5J7–DENV complex shows that a single Fab molecule binds across three envelope proteins and engages three functionally important domains, each from a different envelope protein. These domains are critical for receptor binding and fusion to the endosomal membrane. The ability to bind to multiple domains allows the antibody to fully coat the virus surface with only 60 copies of Fab, that is, half the amount compared with other potent antibodies. Our study reveals a highly efficient and unusual mechanism of molecular recognition by an antibody. There is no licensed vaccine or therapeutic for dengue virus (DENV) infection. Here, the authors show that a highly potent human monoclonal antibody binds to DENV particles in an unusual and very effective way by interacting with three viral envelope proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guntur Fibriansah
- 1] Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore [2] Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Joanne L Tan
- 1] Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore [2] Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Scott A Smith
- 1] Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, 1161 21st Avenue South, D-3100 Medical Center North, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2358, USA [2] The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University,Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 11475 MRB IV-2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0417, USA
| | - Ruklanthi de Alwis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#7292, 9024 Burnett Womack, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7292, USA
| | - Thiam-Seng Ng
- 1] Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore [2] Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Victor A Kostyuchenko
- 1] Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore [2] Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Ramesh S Jadi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#7292, 9024 Burnett Womack, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7292, USA
| | - Petra Kukkaro
- 1] Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore [2] Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Aravinda M de Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#7292, 9024 Burnett Womack, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7292, USA
| | - James E Crowe
- 1] The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University,Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 11475 MRB IV-2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0417, USA [2] Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 11475 MRB IV-2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0417, USA
| | - Shee-Mei Lok
- 1] Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore [2] Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117557, Singapore
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16
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Fibriansah G, Tan JL, Smith SA, de Alwis AR, Ng TS, Kostyuchenko VA, Ibarra KD, Wang J, Harris E, de Silva A, Crowe JE, Lok SM. A potent anti-dengue human antibody preferentially recognizes the conformation of E protein monomers assembled on the virus surface. EMBO Mol Med 2014; 6:358-71. [PMID: 24421336 PMCID: PMC3958310 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201303404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV), which consists of four serotypes (DENV1-4), infects over 400 million people annually. Previous studies have indicated most human monoclonal antibodies (HMAbs) from dengue patients are cross-reactive and poorly neutralizing. Rare neutralizing HMAbs are usually serotype-specific and bind to quaternary structure-dependent epitopes. We determined the structure of DENV1 complexed with Fab fragments of a highly potent HMAb 1F4 to 6 Å resolution by cryo-EM. Although HMAb 1F4 appeared to bind to virus and not E proteins in ELISAs in the previous study, our structure showed that the epitope is located within an envelope (E) protein monomer, and not across neighboring E proteins. The Fab molecules bind to domain I (DI), and DI-DII hinge of the E protein. We also showed that HMAb 1F4 can neutralize DENV at different stages of viral entry in a cell type and receptor dependent manner. The structure reveals the mechanism by which this potent and specific antibody blocks viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guntur Fibriansah
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore
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17
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Ng TS, Bostick G, Pedler A, Buchbinder R, Vicenzino B, Sterling M. Laypersons' expectations of recovery and beliefs about whiplash injury: a cross-cultural comparison between Australians and Singaporeans. Eur J Pain 2012; 17:1234-42. [PMID: 23255308 DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00265.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beliefs and expectations are thought to influence outcome following whiplash injury. Studies have proposed a link between rates of chronic whiplash and laypersons' expectations about outcome following a motor vehicle accident. The prevalence of chronic whiplash is relatively high in Australia and apparently low in Singapore. This study's objectives were to compare laypersons' beliefs and expectations of recovery of whiplash injury in Brisbane and Singapore and to assess the effect of demographic factors on whiplash beliefs. METHODS A cross-sectional study using online surveys was conducted on adult Internet users in Brisbane (Australia) and Singapore. The 14-item whiplash beliefs questionnaire (WBQ) was used to evaluate whiplash beliefs. Two additional items assessed expectations of recovery. Individual items of WBQ, WBQ score and expectations of recovery were analysed. Stratified analysis was performed to adjust for sampling bias due to quota sampling. RESULTS A total of 402 participants from Singapore and 411 participants from Brisbane, Australia, completed the survey. While participants from Singapore demonstrated slightly more negative whiplash beliefs than participants from Brisbane [t(811) = -5.72; p < 0.0001], participants from both samples were similar in their expectations of quick recovery and return to normal activities following whiplash injury. Only gender had a significant effect on whiplash beliefs [estimated marginal means of WBQ score for men = 21.5; standard error (SE) = 0.20; women = 22.5; SE = 0.20; F(1,810) = 11.2; p = 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS Laypersons' expectations of recovery and beliefs about whiplash injury in Brisbane and Singapore were generally similar and mostly positive. Our results demonstrate that cultural differences reflected by laypersons' beliefs may not reflect the differences in prevalence of chronic whiplash between countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Ng
- Division of Physiotherapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
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18
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Wong KT, Ng TS. Alleged paraquat poisoning in Perak. Med J Malaysia 1984; 39:52-5. [PMID: 6334801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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19
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Ganesan J, Lie-Injo LE, Ng TS, George R. Interaction of haemoglobin E with alpha-thalassaemia and haemoglobin Constant Spring. Acta Haematol 1977; 57:109-15. [PMID: 402765 DOI: 10.1159/000207867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The combination of Hb E,alpha-thalassaemia and Hb CoSp was found in a 20-year-old female Malay who presented with a moderately severe haemolytic anaemia. The findings in the patient and her family from which this diagnosis was arrived at are discussed. Although this is the first report of this condition in this country it is pointed out that one may see more such cases in the future if one is aware of this condition since Hb E, alpha-thalassaemia and Hb CoSp all occur at significant frequencies in this country.
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20
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Brown GW, Lee CK, Huxsoll DL, Ng TS, Lim KJ, Wan HS, Eeran JD, Sannasey G. Leptospirosis in Malaysia: a common cause of short-term fever. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1976; 7:380-3. [PMID: 1030842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A study of 1,437 unselected febrile patients in rural Malaysia yielded a diagnosis of leptospirosis in 86 (6.0%). The clinical syndrome was mild to moderate in all cases, jaundice was observed in only 2 (2.3%) and no deaths were documented. The diagnosis was not clinically obvious in most cases, and it is apparent that many infections must be going unnoticed at present.
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Abstract
An explanation was sought for the disparity between the low reported incidence of scrub typhus and the high prevalence of antibody to Rickettsia tsutsugamushi in the rural population of Malaysia. A combination of isolation of the organism, titration of antibody by indirect immunofluorescence, and the Weil-Felix test was used to confirm infections. Scrub typhus was found to be very common, causing 23% of all febrile illnesses at one hospital. The infection was particularly prevalent in oil-palm workers, causing an estimated 400 cases annually in a population of 10,000 people living on one plantation. The clinical syndrome, whether mild or severe, was difficult to distinguish from that due to other infections. Eschars, rashes and adenopathy were uncommon. When used to examine early sera, the Weil-Felix test failed to confirm the diagnosis in most infections.20
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