251
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Alpha synuclein aggregation drives ferroptosis: an interplay of iron, calcium and lipid peroxidation. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:2781-2796. [PMID: 32341450 PMCID: PMC7492459 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-0542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation and abnormal lipid homeostasis are both implicated in neurodegeneration through unknown mechanisms. Here we demonstrate that aggregate-membrane interaction is critical to induce a form of cell death called ferroptosis. Importantly, the aggregate-membrane interaction that drives ferroptosis depends both on the conformational structure of the aggregate, as well as the oxidation state of the lipid membrane. We generated human stem cell-derived models of synucleinopathy, characterized by the intracellular formation of α-synuclein aggregates that bind to membranes. In human iPSC-derived neurons with SNCA triplication, physiological concentrations of glutamate and dopamine induce abnormal calcium signaling owing to the incorporation of excess α-synuclein oligomers into membranes, leading to altered membrane conductance and abnormal calcium influx. α-synuclein oligomers further induce lipid peroxidation. Targeted inhibition of lipid peroxidation prevents the aggregate-membrane interaction, abolishes aberrant calcium fluxes, and restores physiological calcium signaling. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and reduction of iron-dependent accumulation of free radicals, further prevents oligomer-induced toxicity in human neurons. In summary, we report that peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids underlies the incorporation of β-sheet-rich aggregates into the membranes, and that additionally induces neuronal death. This suggests a role for ferroptosis in Parkinson's disease, and highlights a new mechanism by which lipid peroxidation causes cell death.
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252
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Szlasa W, Zendran I, Zalesińska A, Tarek M, Kulbacka J. Lipid composition of the cancer cell membrane. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2020; 52:321-342. [PMID: 32715369 PMCID: PMC7520422 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09846-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell possesses numerous adaptations to resist the immune system response and chemotherapy. One of the most significant properties of the neoplastic cells is the altered lipid metabolism, and consequently, the abnormal cell membrane composition. Like in the case of phosphatidylcholine, these changes result in the modulation of certain enzymes and accumulation of energetic material, which could be used for a higher proliferation rate. The changes are so prominent, that some lipids, such as phosphatidylserines, could even be considered as the cancer biomarkers. Additionally, some changes of biophysical properties of cell membranes lead to the higher resistance to chemotherapy, and finally to the disturbances in signalling pathways. Namely, the increased levels of certain lipids, like for instance phosphatidylserine, lead to the attenuation of the immune system response. Also, changes in lipid saturation prevent the cells from demanding conditions of the microenvironment. Particularly interesting is the significance of cell membrane cholesterol content in the modulation of metastasis. This review paper discusses the roles of each lipid type in cancer physiology. The review combined theoretical data with clinical studies to show novel therapeutic options concerning the modulation of cell membranes in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Szlasa
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Iga Zendran
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Mounir Tarek
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LPCT, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
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253
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Wu Y, Yu C, Luo M, Cen C, Qiu J, Zhang S, Hu K. Ferroptosis in Cancer Treatment: Another Way to Rome. Front Oncol 2020; 10:571127. [PMID: 33102227 PMCID: PMC7546896 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.571127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly described type of programmed cell death and intensively related to both maintaining homeostasis and the development of diseases, especially cancers. Inducing ferroptosis leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and toxic lipid peroxidation in cells, which plays a pivotal role in suppressing cancer growth and progression. Here, we reviewed the existing studies about the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis involved in different antitumor treatments, such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. We focused in particular on the distinct combinatorial therapeutic effects such as the synergistic sensitization effect and the drug-resistance reversal achieved when using ferroptosis inducers with conventional cancer therapy. Finally, we discussed the challenges and opportunities in clinical applications of ferroptosis. The application of nanotechnolgy and other novel technologies may provide a new direction in ferroptosis-driven cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengcheng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Cen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jili Qiu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Suzhan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaimin Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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254
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Together we stand, apart we fall: how cell-to-cell contact/interplay provides resistance to ferroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:789. [PMID: 32968052 PMCID: PMC7511929 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02994-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Contextualisation of the new type of cell death called “ferroptosis” opened a completely new avenue for the development of anti-cancer therapies. Cumulative fundamental research dating back to the mid-20th century, crowned by the extraordinary work of the group led by Dr. Stockwell from Columbia University in 2012, finally got its candidature to be applied in the clinical settings. Although the potential for clinical importance is undoubtedly growing every day, as showed by the increasing number of papers dealing with ferroptosis and its applications, long experience of cancer research and treatment taught us that caution is still necessary. The plasticity of the tumour cells, particularly acute, along with its involvement in the resistance mechanisms, that have been seen, to greater or lesser extent, for almost all currently used therapies, represents the biggest fascinations in biomedical research field and also the biggest challenge to achieving cures in cancer patients. Accordingly, the main features of fundamental research have to be vigilance and anticipation. In this review, we tried to summarize the literature data, accumulated in the past couple of years, which point out the pitfalls in which “ferroptosis inducers” can fall if used prematurely in the clinical settings, but at the same time can provide a great advantage in the exhausting battle with cancer resistance. This is the first comprehensive review focusing on the effects of the cell-to-cell contact/interplay in the development of resistance to ferroptosis, while the contribution of cell-born factors has been summarized previously so here we just listed them.
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255
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Mechanistic Insights into the Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Atherosclerosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5245308. [PMID: 33014272 PMCID: PMC7512065 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5245308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidaemia has a prominent role in the onset of notorious atherosclerosis, a disease of medium to large arteries. Atherosclerosis is the prime root of cardiovascular events contributing to the most considerable number of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Factors like cellular senescence, genetics, clonal haematopoiesis, sedentary lifestyle-induced obesity, or diabetes mellitus upsurge the tendency of atherosclerosis and are foremost pioneers to definitive transience. Accumulation of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (Ox-LDLs) in the tunica intima triggers the onset of this disease. In the later period of progression, the build-up plaques rupture ensuing thrombosis (completely blocking the blood flow), causing myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart attack, all of which are common atherosclerotic cardiovascular events today. The underlying mechanism is very well elucidated in literature but the therapeutic measures remains to be unleashed. Researchers tussle to demonstrate a clear understanding of treating mechanisms. A century of research suggests that lowering LDL, statin-mediated treatment, HDL, and lipid-profile management should be of prime interest to retard atherosclerosis-induced deaths. We shall brief the Ox-LDL-induced atherogenic mechanism and the treating measures in line to impede the development and progression of atherosclerosis.
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256
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MT1DP loaded by folate-modified liposomes sensitizes erastin-induced ferroptosis via regulating miR-365a-3p/NRF2 axis in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:751. [PMID: 32929075 PMCID: PMC7490417 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02939-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although ferroptosis has been recognized as a novel antitumoral treatment, high expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) has been reported to be an antioxidant transcript factor that protects malignant cells from ferroptosis. Previous findings indicated that metallothionein 1D pseudogene (MT1DP), a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), functioned to aggravate oxidative stress by repressing antioxidation. Here we aimed at assessing whether MT1DP could regulate erastin-induced ferroptosis on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and elucidating the mechanism. We found that ectopic expression of MT1DP sensitized A549 and H1299 cells to erastin-induced ferroptosis through downregulation of NRF2; in addition, ectopic MT1DP upregulated malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, increased intracellular ferrous iron concentration, and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in cancer cells exposed to erastin, whereas downregulation of MT1DP showed the opposite effect. RNA pulldown assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that MT1DP modulated the expression of NRF2 via stabilizing miR-365a-3p. As low solubility of erastin limits its efficient application, we further prepared folate (FA)-modified liposome (FA-LP) nanoparticles for targeted co-delivery of erastin and MT1DP to enhance the bioavailability and the efficiency of the drug/gene combination. Erastin/MT1DP@FA-LPs (E/M@FA-LPs) sensitized erastin-induced ferroptosis with decreased cellular GSH levels and elevated lipid ROS. In vivo analysis showed that E/M@FA-LPs had a favorable therapeutic effect on lung cancer xenografts. In short, our findings identify a novel strategy to elevate erastin-induced ferroptosis in NSCLCs acting through the MT1DP/miR-365a-3p/NRF2 axis.
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257
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Shen Q, Liang M, Yang F, Deng YZ, Naqvi NI. Ferroptosis contributes to developmental cell death in rice blast. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 227:1831-1846. [PMID: 32367535 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death process, was found to occur in Magnaporthe oryzae, and plays a key role in infection-related development therein. Ferroptosis in the rice-blast fungus was confirmed based on five basic criteria. We confirmed the dependence of ferroptosis on ferric ions, and optimized ratio-fluorescence imaging of C11-BODIPY581/591 as a precise sensor for lipid peroxides that mediate ferroptosis in M. oryzae. We uncovered an important regulatory function for reduced glutathione and NADPH oxidases in modulating the superoxide moieties required for ferroptotic cell death. We found ferroptosis to be necessary for the developmental cell death of conidia during appressorium maturation in rice blast. Such ferroptotic cell death initiated first in the terminal cell and progressed sequentially to the entire conidium. Iron chelation or chemical inhibition of ferroptosis caused conidial cells to remain viable, and led to strong defects in host invasion by M. oryzae. Ferroptosis induction exclusively in the host severely constrained the invasive growth of M. oryzae. We found inter-reliant and independent roles for ferroptosis and autophagy in controlling such precise cell death in M. oryzae during pathogenic differentiation. Our study provides significant molecular insights into the role of developmental cell death and iron homeostasis in fungal pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Shen
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore, 117604, Republic of Singapore
| | - Meiling Liang
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore, 117604, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yi Zhen Deng
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Naweed I Naqvi
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore, 117604, Republic of Singapore
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258
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Lipid peroxidation regulates long-range wound detection through 5-lipoxygenase in zebrafish. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:1049-1055. [PMID: 32868902 PMCID: PMC7898270 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rapid wound detection by distant leukocytes is essential for antimicrobial defense and post-infection survival 1. The reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide and the polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid are among the earliest known mediators of this process 2-4. It is unknown whether or how these highly conserved cues collaborate to achieve wound detection over distances of several hundreds of microns within a few minutes. To investigate this, we locally applied arachidonic acid and skin permeable peroxide by micropipette perfusion to unwounded zebrafish tail fins. As in wounds, arachidonic acid rapidly attracted leukocytes through dual oxidase (Duox) and 5-lipoxygenase (Alox5a). Peroxide promoted chemotaxis to arachidonic acid without being chemotactic on its own. Intravital biosensor imaging showed that wound peroxide and arachidonic acid converged on half-millimeter long lipid peroxidation gradients that promoted leukocyte attraction. Our data suggest that lipid peroxidation functions as spatial redox relay that enables long-range detection of early wound cues by immune cells, outlining a beneficial role for this otherwise toxic process.
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259
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Wang S, Liu W, Wang J, Bai X. Curculigoside inhibits ferroptosis in ulcerative colitis through the induction of GPX4. Life Sci 2020; 259:118356. [PMID: 32861798 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Curculigoside (CUR) is natural ingredient from Curculigo orchioides Gaertn with multiple biological activities. However, whether CUR protects from ulcerative colitis (UC) and underlying mechanisms are unclear. Herein, mice challenged with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) were established and administrated with CUR for 7 days. Then histological pathologies and ferroptosis regulators were determined in vivo. The ferroptotic IEC-6 cells were prepared to investigate the underlying mechanism of CUR. Results showed that CUR inhibited the disease activity index, histological damage and cell death in mice with colitis. We also found that ferroptosis was induced in mice with colitis, as evidenced by iron overload, GSH depletion, ROS and MDA production, accompanied by decreased expression of SOD and GPX4. CUR treatment significantly reversed these alterations of ferroptotic features in DSS-induced mice. Furthermore, similar effects of CUR on ferroptosis were observed in IEC-6 cells under the combined treatment of H2O2 and iron chloride hexahydrate. Interestingly, we found that CUR could increase the selenium sensitivity and promote GPX4 transcription level in IEC-6 cells. Knockdown of GPX4 significantly blocked the protective effects of CUR on cell death, GSH and MDA contents as well as LDH activity in ferroptotic IEC-6 cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that CUR protects against ferroptosis in UC by the induction of GPX4, which presents a potential agent for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
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260
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Subburayan K, Thayyullathil F, Pallichankandy S, Cheratta AR, Galadari S. Superoxide-mediated ferroptosis in human cancer cells induced by sodium selenite. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100843. [PMID: 32805675 PMCID: PMC7453065 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death characterized by an iron-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the role of ROS in the regulation of ferroptosis remains elusive. In this study, for the first time, we demonstrate that sodium selenite (SS), a well-established redox-active selenium compound, is a novel inducer of ferroptosis in a variety of human cancer cells. Potent ferroptosis inhibitors, such as ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and deferoxamine (DFO), rescue cells from SS-induced ferroptosis. Furthermore, SS down-regulates ferroptosis regulators; solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), while it up-regulates iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation (LPO). These SS-induced ferroptotic responses are achieved via ROS, in particular superoxide (O2•−) generation. Antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Tiron not only scavenged O2•− production, but also markedly rescued SLC7A11 down-regulation, GSH depletion, GPx4 inactivation, iron accumulation, LPO, and ferroptosis. Moreover, iron chelator DFO significantly reduces the O2•− production, indicating a positive feedback regulation between O2•− production and iron accumulation. Taken together, we have identified SS as a novel ferroptosis inducing agent in various human cancer models. Sodium selenite selectively induces ferroptosis in multiple human cancer cells. Sodium selenite inhibits system Xc− function and altered GSH homeostasis. Superoxide is the ROS molecule responsible for the sodium selenite-induced ferroptosis. Sodium selenite induces iron accumulation via superoxide dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Subburayan
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Saadiyat Island Campus, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Faisal Thayyullathil
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Saadiyat Island Campus, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Siraj Pallichankandy
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Saadiyat Island Campus, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Anees Rahman Cheratta
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Saadiyat Island Campus, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Sehamuddin Galadari
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Saadiyat Island Campus, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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261
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Verma N, Vinik Y, Saroha A, Nair NU, Ruppin E, Mills G, Karn T, Dubey V, Khera L, Raj H, Maina F, Lev S. Synthetic lethal combination targeting BET uncovered intrinsic susceptibility of TNBC to ferroptosis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/34/eaba8968. [PMID: 32937365 PMCID: PMC7442484 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba8968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Identification of targeted therapies for TNBC is an urgent medical need. Using a drug combination screen reliant on synthetic lethal interactions, we identified clinically relevant combination therapies for different TNBC subtypes. Two drug combinations targeting the BET family were further explored. The first, targeting BET and CXCR2, is specific for mesenchymal TNBC and induces apoptosis, whereas the second, targeting BET and the proteasome, is effective for major TNBC subtypes and triggers ferroptosis. Ferroptosis was induced at low drug doses and was associated with increased cellular iron and decreased glutathione levels, concomitant with reduced levels of GPX4 and key glutathione biosynthesis genes. Further functional studies, analysis of clinical datasets and breast cancer specimens revealed a unique vulnerability of TNBC to ferroptosis inducers, enrichment of ferroptosis gene signature, and differential expression of key proteins that increase labile iron and decrease glutathione levels. This study identified potent combination therapies for TNBC and unveiled ferroptosis as a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Verma
- Molecular Cell Biology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 20892, Israel
| | - Yaron Vinik
- Molecular Cell Biology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 20892, Israel
| | - Ashish Saroha
- Molecular Cell Biology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 20892, Israel
| | - Nishanth Ulhas Nair
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Eytan Ruppin
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gordon Mills
- Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Thomas Karn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goethe University, D-60323 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Vinay Dubey
- Molecular Cell Biology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 20892, Israel
| | - Lohit Khera
- Molecular Cell Biology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 20892, Israel
| | - Harsha Raj
- Molecular Cell Biology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 20892, Israel
| | - Flavio Maina
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille (IBDM) UMR 7288, Marseille, France
| | - Sima Lev
- Molecular Cell Biology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 20892, Israel.
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262
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Wang R, Liu X, Wu J, Liu H, Wang W, Chen X, Yuan L, Wang Y, Du X, Ma Y, Losiewicz MD, Zhang X, Zhang H. Role of microRNA-122 in microcystin-leucine arginine-induced dysregulation of hepatic iron homeostasis in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:822-830. [PMID: 32170997 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxin produced by cyanobacteria. MicroRNA-122 (miR-122) is specifically expressed in the liver. This study focuses on the role of miR-122 in MC-LR-induced dysregulation of hepatic iron homeostasis in C57BL/6 mice. The thirty mice were randomly divided into five groups (Control, 12.5 μg/kg·BW MC-LR, 25 μg/kg·BW MC-LR, Negative control agomir and 25 μg/kg·BW MC-LR + miR-122 agomir). The results show that MC-LR decreases the expressions of miR-122, Hamp, and its related regulators, while increasing the content of hepatic iron and the expressions of FPN1 and Tmprss6. Furthermore, miR-122 agomir pretreatment improves MC-LR induced dysregulation of hepatic iron homeostasis by arousing the related regulators and reducing the expression of Tmprss6. These results suggest that miR-122 agomir can prevent the accumulation of hepatic iron induced by MC-LR, which may be related to the regulation of hepcidin by BMP/SMAD and IL-6/STAT signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxia Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haohao Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghai Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St Mary's University, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Le Yuan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqin Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingde Du
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Ma
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael D Losiewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St Mary's University, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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263
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Su Y, Zhao B, Zhou L, Zhang Z, Shen Y, Lv H, AlQudsy LHH, Shang P. Ferroptosis, a novel pharmacological mechanism of anti-cancer drugs. Cancer Lett 2020; 483:127-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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264
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Zhang J, Bi J, Ren Y, Du Z, Li T, Wang T, Zhang L, Wang M, Wei S, Lv Y, Wu R. Involvement of GPX4 in irisin's protection against ischemia reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:931-945. [PMID: 32583428 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious condition. Irisin, an exercise-induced hormone, improves mitochondrial function and reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is a key regulator of ferroptosis and its inactivation aggravates renal I/R injury by inducing ROS production. However, the effect of irisin on GPX4 and I/R-induced AKI is still unknown. To study this, male adult mice were subjected to renal I/R by occluding bilateral renal hilum for 30 min, which was followed by 24 hr reperfusion. Our results showed serum irisin levels were decreased in renal I/R mice. Irisin (250 μg/kg) treatment alleviated renal injury, downregulated inflammatory response, improved mitochondrial function, and reduced ER stress and oxidative stress after renal I/R, which were associated with upregulation of GPX4. Treated with RSL3 (a GPX4 inhibitor) abolished irisin's protective effect. Thus, irisin attenuates I/R-induced AKI through upregulating GPX4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianbin Bi
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yifan Ren
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhaoqing Du
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Teng Li
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Wang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengzhou Wang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shasha Wei
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Lv
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rongqian Wu
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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265
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Battaglia AM, Chirillo R, Aversa I, Sacco A, Costanzo F, Biamonte F. Ferroptosis and Cancer: Mitochondria Meet the "Iron Maiden" Cell Death. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061505. [PMID: 32575749 PMCID: PMC7349567 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new type of oxidative regulated cell death (RCD) driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. As major sites of iron utilization and master regulators of oxidative metabolism, mitochondria are the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, thus, play a role in this type of RCD. Ferroptosis is, indeed, associated with severe damage in mitochondrial morphology, bioenergetics, and metabolism. Furthermore, dysregulation of mitochondrial metabolism is considered a biochemical feature of neurodegenerative diseases linked to ferroptosis. Whether mitochondrial dysfunction can, per se, initiate ferroptosis and whether mitochondrial function in ferroptosis is context-dependent are still under debate. Cancer cells accumulate high levels of iron and ROS to promote their metabolic activity and growth. Of note, cancer cell metabolic rewiring is often associated with acquired sensitivity to ferroptosis. This strongly suggests that ferroptosis may act as an adaptive response to metabolic imbalance and, thus, may constitute a new promising way to eradicate malignant cells. Here, we review the current literature on the role of mitochondria in ferroptosis, and we discuss opportunities to potentially use mitochondria-mediated ferroptosis as a new strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Martina Battaglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Roberta Chirillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Ilenia Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Alessandro Sacco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
- Center of Interdepartmental Services (CIS), “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
- Research Centre of Biochemistry and advanced Molecular Biology, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0961-369-4105
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266
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Bromfield EG, Walters JLH, Cafe SL, Bernstein IR, Stanger SJ, Anderson AL, Aitken RJ, McLaughlin EA, Dun MD, Gadella BM, Nixon B. Differential cell death decisions in the testis: evidence for an exclusive window of ferroptosis in round spermatids. Mol Hum Reprod 2020; 25:241-256. [PMID: 30865280 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major aetiology in many pathologies, including that of male infertility. Recent evidence in somatic cells has linked oxidative stress to the induction of a novel cell death modality termed ferroptosis. However, the induction of this iron-regulated, caspase-independent cell death pathway has never been explored outside of the soma. Ferroptosis is initiated through the inactivation of the lipid repair enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and is exacerbated by the activity of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15), a lipoxygenase enzyme that facilitates lipid degradation. Here, we demonstrate that male germ cells of the mouse exhibit hallmarks of ferroptosis including; a caspase-independent decline in viability following exposure to oxidative stress conditions induced by the electrophile 4-hydroxynonenal or the ferroptosis activators (erastin and RSL3), as well as a reciprocal upregulation of ALOX15 and down regulation of GPX4 protein expression. Moreover, the round spermatid developmental stage may be sensitized to ferroptosis via the action of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4), which modifies membrane lipid composition in a manner favourable to lipid peroxidation. This work provides a clear impetus to explore the contribution of ferroptosis to the demise of germline cells during periods of acute stress in in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Bromfield
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jessica L H Walters
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shenae L Cafe
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ilana R Bernstein
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simone J Stanger
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amanda L Anderson
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R John Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Matthew D Dun
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Barend M Gadella
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
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267
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Liu CY, Wang M, Yu HM, Han FX, Wu QS, Cai XJ, Kurihara H, Chen YX, Li YF, He RR. Ferroptosis is involved in alcohol-induced cell death in vivo and in vitro. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1621-1628. [PMID: 32419644 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1763155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A critical pathogenic factor in the development of lethal liver failure is cell death induced by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species. In this study, we discovered and illuminated a new mechanism that led to alcoholic liver disease via ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated cell death. Study in vitro showed that both necroptosis inhibitor and ferroptosis inhibitors performed significantly protective effect on alcohol-induced cell death, while apoptosis inhibitor and autophagy inhibitor had no such effect. Our data also indicated that alcohol caused the accumulation of lipid peroxides and the mRNA expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, reduced the protein expression of the specific light-chain subunit of the cystine/glutamate antiporter and glutathione peroxidase 4. Importantly, ferrostatin-1 significantly ameliorated liver injury that was induced by overdosed alcohol both in vitro and in vivo. These findings highlight that targeting ferroptosis serves as a hepatoprotective strategy for alcoholic liver disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University) , Haikou, China
| | - Hong-Min Yu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang-Xuan Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University) , Haikou, China
| | - Qiong-Shi Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University) , Haikou, China
| | - Xing-Jun Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University) , Haikou, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Xing Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University) , Haikou, China
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou, China
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268
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Lo B, Marty-Gasset N, Manse H, Bannelier C, Bravo C, Domitile R, Rémignon H. Cellular markers of mule duck livers after force-feeding. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3567-3573. [PMID: 32616253 PMCID: PMC7597809 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The “Foie gras” or fatty liver is the result of hepatic steatosis from nutritional origin and induced by the force-feeding of palmipeds. Despite identical rearing and force-feeding conditions of ducks from the same breed, different liver weights, within a range of 500 to more than 700 g, are generally observed at the time of evisceration. To better understand the determinism of this large variability in fatty liver weights, the activity of various metabolic pathways has been explored in 4 groups of steatotic livers differing by their weights. Different analyses were performed using biochemical assays on metabolites as well as ELISA tests or enzyme activity assays. The result showed that an increase in the final liver weight is always associated with a hypoxic response and even a severe hypoxia observed in livers with the highest weights (more than 650 g). This is also combined with a rise in the cellular oxidative stress level. In addition, for the heaviest livers (more than 700 g), signs of cell death by apoptosis were also observed, while others programmed cell death pathways, such as ferroptosis or necroptosis, seemed to be nonactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bara Lo
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | | | - Hélène Manse
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Carole Bannelier
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Céline Bravo
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | | | - Hervé Rémignon
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France.
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269
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Anandhan A, Dodson M, Schmidlin CJ, Liu P, Zhang DD. Breakdown of an Ironclad Defense System: The Critical Role of NRF2 in Mediating Ferroptosis. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:436-447. [PMID: 32275864 PMCID: PMC7597851 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic mode of regulated cell death that is iron and lipid peroxidation dependent. As new mechanistic insight into ferroptotic effectors and how they are regulated in different disease contexts is uncovered, our understanding of the physiological and pathological relevance of this mode of cell death continues to grow. Along these lines, a host of pharmacological modulators of this pathway have been identified, targeting proteins involved in iron homeostasis; the generation and reduction of lipid peroxides; or cystine import and glutathione metabolism. Also, of note, many components of the ferroptosis cascade are target genes of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), indicating its critical role in mediating the ferroptotic response. In this review, we discuss the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical evidence of ferroptosis in disease, including a brief discussion of targeting upstream mediators of this cascade, including NRF2, to treat ferroptosis-driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annadurai Anandhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Matthew Dodson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Cody J Schmidlin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Donna D Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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270
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Meinnel T, Dian C, Giglione C. Myristoylation, an Ancient Protein Modification Mirroring Eukaryogenesis and Evolution. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 45:619-632. [PMID: 32305250 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
N-myristoylation (MYR) is a crucial fatty acylation catalyzed by N-myristoyltransferases (NMTs) that is likely to have appeared over 2 billion years ago. Proteome-wide approaches have now delivered an exhaustive list of substrates undergoing MYR across approximately 2% of any proteome, with constituents, several unexpected, associated with different membrane compartments. A set of <10 proteins conserved in eukaryotes probably represents the original set of N-myristoylated targets, marking major changes occurring throughout eukaryogenesis. Recent findings have revealed unexpected mechanisms and reactivity, suggesting competition with other acylations that are likely to influence cellular homeostasis and the steady state of the modification landscape. Here, we review recent advances in NMT catalysis, substrate specificity, and MYR proteomics, and discuss concepts regarding MYR during evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Meinnel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Cyril Dian
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carmela Giglione
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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271
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Ratan RR. The Chemical Biology of Ferroptosis in the Central Nervous System. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:479-498. [PMID: 32243811 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the past five decades, thanatology has come to include the study of how individual cells in our bodies die appropriately and inappropriately in response to physiological and pathological stimuli. Morphological and biochemical criteria have been painstakingly established to create clarity around definitions of distinct types of cell death and mechanisms for their activation. Among these, ferroptosis has emerged as a unique, oxidative stress-induced cell death pathway with implications for diseases as diverse as traumatic brain injury, hemorrhagic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, cancer, renal ischemia, and heat stress in plants. In this review, I highlight some of the formative studies that fostered its recognition in the nervous system and describe how chemical biological tools have been essential in defining events necessary for its execution. Finally, I discuss emerging opportunities for antiferroptotic agents as therapeutic agents in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv R Ratan
- Burke Neurological Institute at Weill Cornell Medicine, 785 Mamaroneck Avenue, White Plains, NY 10605, USA.
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272
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Conrad M, Proneth B. Selenium: Tracing Another Essential Element of Ferroptotic Cell Death. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:409-419. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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273
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Weigand I, Schreiner J, Röhrig F, Sun N, Landwehr LS, Urlaub H, Kendl S, Kiseljak-Vassiliades K, Wierman ME, Angeli JPF, Walch A, Sbiera S, Fassnacht M, Kroiss M. Active steroid hormone synthesis renders adrenocortical cells highly susceptible to type II ferroptosis induction. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:192. [PMID: 32184394 PMCID: PMC7078189 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2385-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Conditions of impaired adrenal function and tissue destruction, such as in Addison's disease, and treatment resistance of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) necessitate improved understanding of the pathophysiology of adrenal cell death. Due to relevant oxidative processes in the adrenal cortex, our study investigated the role of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death mechanism and found high adrenocortical expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and long-chain-fatty-acid CoA ligase 4 (ACSL4) genes, key factors in the initiation of ferroptosis. By applying MALDI mass spectrometry imaging to normal and neoplastic adrenocortical tissue, we detected high abundance of arachidonic and adrenic acid, two long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids which undergo peroxidation during ferroptosis. In three available adrenal cortex cell models (H295R, CU-ACC1 and CU-ACC-2) a high susceptibility to GPX4 inhibition with RSL3 was documented with EC50 values of 5.7 × 10-8, 8.1 × 10-7 and 2.1 × 10-8 M, respectively, while all non-steroidogenic cells were significantly less sensitive. Complete block of GPX4 activity by RSL3 led to ferroptosis which was completely reversed in adrenal cortex cells by inhibition of steroidogenesis with ketoconazole but not by blocking the final step of cortisol synthesis with metyrapone. Mitotane, the only approved drug for ACC did not induce ferroptosis, despite strong induction of lipid peroxidation in ACC cells. Together, this report is the first to demonstrate extraordinary sensitivity of adrenal cortex cells to ferroptosis dependent on their active steroid synthetic pathways. Mitotane does not induce this form of cell death in ACC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Weigand
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Schreiner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Röhrig
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Na Sun
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Laura-Sophie Landwehr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Urlaub
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Kendl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katja Kiseljak-Vassiliades
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Aurora, CO, USA
- Research Service, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Margaret E Wierman
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Aurora, CO, USA
- Research Service, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Axel Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kroiss
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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274
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Kapralov AA, Yang Q, Dar HH, Tyurina YY, Anthonymuthu TS, Kim R, St Croix CM, Mikulska-Ruminska K, Liu B, Shrivastava IH, Tyurin VA, Ting HC, Wu YL, Gao Y, Shurin GV, Artyukhova MA, Ponomareva LA, Timashev PS, Domingues RM, Stoyanovsky DA, Greenberger JS, Mallampalli RK, Bahar I, Gabrilovich DI, Bayır H, Kagan VE. Redox lipid reprogramming commands susceptibility of macrophages and microglia to ferroptotic death. Nat Chem Biol 2020; 16:278-290. [PMID: 32080625 PMCID: PMC7233108 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-019-0462-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptotic death is the penalty for losing control over three processes-iron metabolism, lipid peroxidation and thiol regulation-that are common in the pro-inflammatory environment where professional phagocytes fulfill their functions and yet survive. We hypothesized that redox reprogramming of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) during the generation of pro-ferroptotic signal 15-hydroperoxy-eicosa-tetra-enoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (15-HpETE-PE) modulates ferroptotic endurance. Here, we have discovered that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/NO•-enrichment of activated M1 (but not alternatively activated M2) macrophages/microglia modulates susceptibility to ferroptosis. Genetic or pharmacologic depletion/inactivation of iNOS confers sensitivity on M1 cells, whereas NO• donors empower resistance of M2 cells to ferroptosis. In vivo, M1 phagocytes, in comparison to M2 phagocytes, exert higher resistance to pharmacologically induced ferroptosis. This resistance is diminished in iNOS-deficient cells in the pro-inflammatory conditions of brain trauma or the tumour microenvironment. The nitroxygenation of eicosatetraenoyl (ETE)-PE intermediates and oxidatively truncated species by NO• donors and/or suppression of NO• production by iNOS inhibitors represent a novel redox mechanism of regulation of ferroptosis in pro-inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr A Kapralov
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Children's Neuroscience Institute, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Haider H Dar
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yulia Y Tyurina
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tamil S Anthonymuthu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Children's Neuroscience Institute, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rina Kim
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Claudette M St Croix
- Department of Cell Biology, Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Karolina Mikulska-Ruminska
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Indira H Shrivastava
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vladimir A Tyurin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hsiu-Chi Ting
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yijen L Wu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Rangos Research Center of Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Children's Neuroscience Institute, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Galina V Shurin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Margarita A Artyukhova
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Liubov A Ponomareva
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter S Timashev
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rosario M Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Center, QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM&ECOMARE, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Detcho A Stoyanovsky
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joel S Greenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rama K Mallampalli
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ivet Bahar
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Hülya Bayır
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Children's Neuroscience Institute, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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275
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Ferroptosis driven by radical oxidation of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids mediates acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:144. [PMID: 32094346 PMCID: PMC7039960 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2334-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is a common cause of drug-induced acute liver failure. Although hepatocyte cell death is considered to be the critical event in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered type of cell death that is caused by a loss of cellular redox homeostasis. As glutathione (GSH) depletion triggers APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, we investigated the role of ferroptosis in a murine model of APAP-induced acute liver failure. APAP-induced hepatotoxicity (evaluated in terms of ALT, AST, and the histopathological score), lipid peroxidation (4-HNE and MDA), and upregulation of the ferroptosis maker PTGS2 mRNA were markedly prevented by the ferroptosis-specific inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1). Fer-1 treatment also completely prevented mortality induced by high-dose APAP. Similarly, APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and lipid peroxidation were prevented by the iron chelator deferoxamine. Using mass spectrometry, we found that lipid peroxides derived from n-6 fatty acids, mainly arachidonic acid, were elevated by APAP, and that auto-oxidation is the predominant mechanism of APAP-derived lipid oxidation. APAP-induced hepatotoxicity was also prevented by genetic inhibition of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 or α-tocopherol supplementation. We found that ferroptosis is responsible for APAP-induced hepatocyte cell death. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanism of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and suggest that ferroptosis is a potential therapeutic target for APAP-induced acute liver failure.
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276
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Renal Purge of Hemolymphatic Lipids Prevents the Accumulation of ROS-Induced Inflammatory Oxidized Lipids and Protects Drosophila from Tissue Damage. Immunity 2020; 52:374-387.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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277
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Kraft VN, Bezjian CT, Pfeiffer S, Ringelstetter L, Müller C, Zandkarimi F, Merl-Pham J, Bao X, Anastasov N, Kössl J, Brandner S, Daniels JD, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Hauck SM, Stockwell BR, Hadian K, Schick JA. GTP Cyclohydrolase 1/Tetrahydrobiopterin Counteract Ferroptosis through Lipid Remodeling. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:41-53. [PMID: 31989025 PMCID: PMC6978838 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 607] [Impact Index Per Article: 151.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death linking iron, lipid, and glutathione levels to degenerative processes and tumor suppression. By performing a genome-wide activation screen, we identified a cohort of genes antagonizing ferroptotic cell death, including GTP cyclohydrolase-1 (GCH1) and its metabolic derivatives tetrahydrobiopterin/dihydrobiopterin (BH4/BH2). Synthesis of BH4/BH2 by GCH1-expressing cells caused lipid remodeling, suppressing ferroptosis by selectively preventing depletion of phospholipids with two polyunsaturated fatty acyl tails. GCH1 expression level in cancer cell lines stratified susceptibility to ferroptosis, in accordance with its expression in human tumor samples. The GCH1-BH4-phospholipid axis acts as a master regulator of ferroptosis resistance, controlling endogenous production of the antioxidant BH4, abundance of CoQ10, and peroxidation of unusual phospholipids with two polyunsaturated fatty acyl tails. This demonstrates a unique mechanism of ferroptosis protection that is independent of the GPX4/glutathione system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa
A. N. Kraft
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Genetics and Cellular Engineering
Group, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carla T. Bezjian
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, 550 West 120th Street, MC4846, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Susanne Pfeiffer
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Genetics and Cellular Engineering
Group, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Larissa Ringelstetter
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Assay Development and Screening
Platform, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Constanze Müller
- Research
Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, HelmholtzZentrum
Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fereshteh Zandkarimi
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Juliane Merl-Pham
- Research
Unit Protein Science, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Xuanwen Bao
- Institute
of Radiation Biology, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Natasa Anastasov
- Institute
of Radiation Biology, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Kössl
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Genetics and Cellular Engineering
Group, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Brandner
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Assay Development and Screening
Platform, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jacob D. Daniels
- Department
of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Research
Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, HelmholtzZentrum
Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Research
Unit Protein Science, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Brent R. Stockwell
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, 550 West 120th Street, MC4846, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- E-mail:
| | - Kamyar Hadian
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Assay Development and Screening
Platform, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- E-mail:
| | - Joel A. Schick
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Genetics and Cellular Engineering
Group, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- E-mail:
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278
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Khorsandi K, Kianmehr Z, hosseinmardi Z, Hosseinzadeh R. Anti-cancer effect of gallic acid in presence of low level laser irradiation: ROS production and induction of apoptosis and ferroptosis. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:18. [PMID: 31956296 PMCID: PMC6958578 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-1100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are different treatments for breast cancer and melanoma that mostly have some side effects. One of the therapeutic strategies is the use of natural components. Phenol components are a class of antioxidants in plants that have many biological functions like anticancer effects. Gallic acid (GA) is a natural polyhydroxy phenolic compound and commonly found in various foods. In the present study, GA effects alone and in combination with low-level laser irradiation on human dermal fibroblast cell line (HDF), human non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cell line (MCF10A), breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and melanoma cancer cell line (A375) was under the investigation. METHODS The normal and cancerous cell lines were exposed to 660 nm low-level laser with 3 J/cm2 for 90 s. Then, the cells were treated with different concentrations of GA for 24 h. In another study, the cell lines firstly were treated with GA and then exposed to low-level laser irradiation. The effects of GA and low-level laser on cell survival and apoptosis were examined using MTT assay, light microscopy, ROS production assay, fluorescence microscopy (AO/EB double staining) and flow cytometry. RESULTS The results showed that pre-treatment with low-level laser and then GA reduced the survival of breast cancer cells and melanoma more than the first treatment with GA and then low-level laser irradiation. Our findings showed that ROS production in cells treated with both low-level laser and GA was more than the cells treated with GA alone. The apoptosis and ferroptosis assays confirmed the MTT results which combination treatment with low-level laser and then GA increase the cell death probably via apoptosis and ferroptosis cell death mechanisms compared to GA alone. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that low-level laser irradiation alone is not able to cause death in human normal and cancerous cells. Preirradiation followed by GA treatment did not change the cell viability in human normal significantly but reduces the cell survival of cancer cells more than GA alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Kianmehr
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology (Biochemistry), Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh hosseinmardi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology (Biochemistry), Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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279
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Ciotti S, Iuliano L, Cefalù S, Comelli M, Mavelli I, Di Giorgio E, Brancolini C. GSK3β is a key regulator of the ROS-dependent necrotic death induced by the quinone DMNQ. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:2. [PMID: 31919413 PMCID: PMC6952365 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Signaling pathways controlling necrosis are still mysterious and debated. We applied a shRNA-based viability screen to identify critical elements of the necrotic response. We took advantage from a small molecule (G5) that makes covalent adducts with free thiols by Michael addition and elicits multiple stresses. In cells resistant to apoptosis, G5 triggers necrosis through the induction of protein unfolding, glutathione depletion, ER stress, proteasomal impairments, and cytoskeletal stress. The kinase GSK3β was isolated among the top hits of the screening. Using the quinone DMNQ, a ROS generator, we demonstrate that GSK3β is involved in the regulation of ROS-dependent necrosis. Our results have been validated using siRNA and by knocking-out GSK3β with the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. In response to DMNQ GSK3β is activated by serine 9 dephosphorylation, concomitantly to Akt inactivation. During the quinone-induced pro-necrotic stress, GSK3β gradually accumulates into the nucleus, before the collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Accumulation of ROS in response to DMNQ is impaired by the absence of GSK3β. We provide evidence that the activities of the obligatory two-electrons reducing flavoenzymes, NQO1 (NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1) and NQO2 are required to suppress DMNQ-induced necrosis. In the absence of GSK3β the expression of NQO1 and NQO2 is dramatically increased, possibly because of an increased transcriptional activity of NRF2. In summary, GSK3β by blunting the anti-oxidant response and particularly NQO1 and NQO2 expression, favors the appearance of necrosis in response to ROS, as generated by the quinone DMNQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ciotti
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine. P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Luca Iuliano
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine. P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Cefalù
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine. P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Marina Comelli
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine. P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Irene Mavelli
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine. P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Eros Di Giorgio
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine. P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Claudio Brancolini
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine. P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy.
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280
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Hajdinák P, Czobor Á, Szarka A. The potential role of acrolein in plant ferroptosis-like cell death. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0227278. [PMID: 31887216 PMCID: PMC6936820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The iron dependent, programmed cell death, ferroptosis was described first in tumour cells. It showed distinct features from the already known cell death forms such as apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. The caspase independent cell death could be induced by the depletion of glutathione by erastin or by the inhibition of the lipid peroxide scavenger enzyme GPX4 by RSL3 and it was accompanied by the generation of lipid reactive oxygen species. Recently, ferroptosis-like cell death associated to glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation and iron dependency could also be induced in plant cells by heat treatment. Unfortunately, the mediators and elements of the ferroptotic pathway have not been described yet. Our present results on Arabidopsis thaliana cell cultures suggest that acrolein, a lipid peroxide-derived reactive carbonyl species, is involved in plant ferroptosis-like cell death. The acrolein induced cell death could be mitigated by the known ferroptosis inhibitors such as Ferrostatin-1, Deferoxamine, α-Tocopherol, and glutathione. At the same time acrolein can be a mediator of ferroptosis-like cell death in plant cells since the known ferroptosis inducer RSL3 induced cell death could be mitigated by the acrolein scavenger carnosine. Finally, on the contrary to the caspase independent ferroptosis in human cells, we found that caspase-like activity can be involved in plant ferroptosis-like cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Hajdinák
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Czobor
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Szarka
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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281
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Nirmala JG, Lopus M. Cell death mechanisms in eukaryotes. Cell Biol Toxicol 2019; 36:145-164. [PMID: 31820165 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-019-09496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Like the organism they constitute, the cells also die in different ways. The death can be predetermined, programmed, and cleanly executed, as in the case of apoptosis, or it can be traumatic, inflammatory, and sudden as many types of necrosis exemplify. Nevertheless, there are a number of cell deaths-some of them bearing a resemblance to apoptosis and/or necrosis, and many, distinct from each-that serve a multitude of roles in either supporting or disrupting the homoeostasis. Apoptosis is coordinated by death ligands, caspases, b-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins, and their downstream effectors. Events that can lead to apoptosis include mitotic catastrophe and anoikis. Necrosis, although it has been considered an abrupt and uncoordinated cell death, has many molecular events associated with it. There are cell death mechanisms that share some standard features with necrosis. These include methuosis, necroptosis, NETosis, pyronecrosis, and pyroptosis. Autophagy, generally a catabolic pathway that operates to ensure cell survival, can also kill the cell through mechanisms such as autosis. Other cell-death mechanisms include entosis, ferroptosis, lysosome-dependent cell death, and parthanatos.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Grace Nirmala
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - Manu Lopus
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Mumbai, 400098, India.
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282
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Iron chelation by curcumin suppresses both curcumin-induced autophagy and cell death together with iron overload neoplastic transformation. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:150. [PMID: 31839992 PMCID: PMC6901436 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0234-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron overload, notably caused by hereditary hemochromatosis, is an excess storage of iron in various organs that causes tissue damage and may promote tumorigenesis. To manage that disorder, free iron depletion can be induced by iron chelators like deferoxamine that are of increasing interest also in the cancer field since iron stock could be a potent target for managing tumorigenesis. Curcumin, a well-known active substance extracted from the turmeric rhizome, destabilizes endoplasmic reticulum, and secondarily lysosomes, thereby increasing mitophagy/autophagy and subsequent apoptosis. Recent findings show that cells treated with curcumin also exhibit a decrease in ferritin, which is consistent with its chemical structure and iron chelating activity. Here we investigated how curcumin influences the intracellular effects of iron overload via Fe-nitriloacetic acid or ferric ammonium citrate loading in Huh-7 cells and explored the consequences in terms of antioxidant activity, autophagy, and apoptotic signal transduction. In experiments with T51B and RL-34 epithelial cells, we have found evidence that curcumin-iron complexation abolishes both curcumin-induced autophagy and apoptosis, together with the tumorigenic action of iron overload.
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283
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Abstract
Lipid peroxidation underlies the mechanism of oxidative cell death now known as ferroptosis. This modality, distinct from other forms of cell death, has been intensely researched in recent years owing to its relevance in both degenerative disease and cancer. The demonstration that it can be modulated by small molecules in multiple pathophysiological contexts offers exciting opportunities for novel pharmacological interventions. Herein, we introduce the salient features of lipid peroxidation, how it can be modulated by small molecules and what principal aspects require urgent investigation by researchers in the field. The central role of non-enzymatic reactions in the execution of ferroptosis will be emphasized, as these processes have hitherto not been generally considered 'druggable'. Moreover, we provide a critical perspective on the biochemical mechanisms that contribute to cell vulnerability to ferroptosis and discuss how they can be exploited in the design of novel therapeutics.
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284
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Su L, Jiang X, Yang C, Zhang J, Chen B, Li Y, Yao S, Xie Q, Gomez H, Murugan R, Peng Z. Pannexin 1 mediates ferroptosis that contributes to renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:19395-19404. [PMID: 31694915 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a significant challenge in perioperative medicine and is related to oxidative programmed cell death. However, the role of ferroptosis, a newly discovered form of oxidative cell death, has not been evaluated widely. Pannexin 1 (PANX1), an ATP-releasing pathway family protein, has pro-apoptotic effects during kidney injury. Here, we demonstrate that PANX1 deletion protects against renal IRI by regulating ferroptotic cell death. Panx1 knockout mice subjected to renal IRI had decreased plasma creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in kidney tissues, and tubular cell death (visible as decreased TUNEL-positive renal tubular cells) compared with WT mice. In cultured human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells, silenced Panx1 expression significantly attenuated ferroptotic lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation induced by the ferroptosis inducer erastin. Moreover, the Panx1 silencing significantly modulated ferroptosis-related protein expression. Furthermore, Panx1 deletion induced the expression of a cytoprotective chaperone, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and inhibited ferroptinophagy via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. In summary, Panx1 deletion protects against renal IRI by attenuating MAPK/ERK activation in a ferroptotic pathway. Our findings provide critical insights into the role of PANX1 in ferroptotic cell death and highlight a potential therapeutic target for the management of acute kidney injury (AKI) during the perioperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjiu Su
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Xiaofang Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Shijie Yao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Qin Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Hernando Gomez
- Center of Critical Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15223
| | - Raghavan Murugan
- Center of Critical Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15223
| | - Zhiyong Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China .,Center of Critical Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15223
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285
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Dbouk NH, Covington MB, Nguyen K, Chandrasekaran S. Increase of reactive oxygen species contributes to growth inhibition by fluconazole in Cryptococcus neoformans. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:243. [PMID: 31694529 PMCID: PMC6833255 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1606-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cryptococcus neoformans, a basidiomycetous yeast, is a fungal pathogen that can colonize the lungs of humans causing pneumonia and fungal meningitis in severely immunocompromised individuals. Recent studies have implied that the antifungal drug fluconazole (FLC) can induce oxidative stress in C. neoformans by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as presence of the antioxidant ascorbic acid (AA) could reverse the inhibitory effects of FLC on C. neoformans. However, in Candida albicans, AA has been shown to stimulate the expression of genes essential for ergosterol biosynthesis. Hence, the contribution of ROS in FLC-mediated growth inhibition remains unclear. Results In order to determine whether counteracting ROS generated by FLC in C. neoformans can contribute to diminishing inhibitory effects of FLC, we tested three other antioxidants in addition to AA, namely, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), retinoic acid (RA), and glutathione (GSH). Our data confirm that there is an increase in ROS in the presence of FLC in C. neoformans. Importantly, all four antioxidants reversed FLC-mediated growth inhibition of C. neoformans to various extents. We further verified the involvement of increased ROS in FLC-mediated growth inhibition by determining that ROS-scavenging proteins, metallothioneins (CMT1 and CMT2), contribute to growth recovery by PDTC and AA during treatment with FLC. Conclusion Our study suggests that ROS contributes to FLC-mediated growth inhibition and points to a complex nature of antioxidant-mediated growth rescue in the presence of FLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kenny Nguyen
- Department of Biology, Furman University, Greenville, SC, USA
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286
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Vučković A, Bosello Travain V, Bordin L, Cozza G, Miotto G, Rossetto M, Toppo S, Venerando R, Zaccarin M, Maiorino M, Ursini F, Roveri A. Inactivation of the glutathione peroxidase GPx4 by the ferroptosis‐inducing molecule RSL3 requires the adaptor protein 14‐3‐3ε. FEBS Lett 2019; 594:611-624. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luciana Bordin
- Department of Molecular Medicine University of Padova Italy
| | - Giorgio Cozza
- Department of Molecular Medicine University of Padova Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Toppo
- Department of Molecular Medicine University of Padova Italy
| | - Rina Venerando
- Department of Molecular Medicine University of Padova Italy
| | | | | | - Fulvio Ursini
- Department of Molecular Medicine University of Padova Italy
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287
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Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Ferroptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5080843. [PMID: 31737171 PMCID: PMC6815535 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5080843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 905] [Impact Index Per Article: 181.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species- (ROS-) induced lipid peroxidation plays a critical role in cell death including apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. This fundamental and conserved mechanism is based on an excess of ROS which attacks biomembranes, propagates lipid peroxidation chain reactions, and subsequently induces different types of cell death. A highly evolved sophisticated antioxidant system exists that acts to protect the cells from oxidative damage. In this review, we discussed how ROS propagate lipid peroxidation chain reactions and how the products of lipid peroxidation initiate apoptosis and autophagy in current models. We also discussed the mechanism of lipid peroxidation during ferroptosis, and we summarized lipid peroxidation in pathological conditions of critical illness. We aim to bring a more global and integrative sight to know how different ROS-induced lipid peroxidation occurs among apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis.
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288
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Duvigneau JC, Esterbauer H, Kozlov AV. Role of Heme Oxygenase as a Modulator of Heme-Mediated Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8100475. [PMID: 31614577 PMCID: PMC6827082 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The heme oxygenase (HO) system is essential for heme and iron homeostasis and necessary for adaptation to cell stress. HO degrades heme to biliverdin (BV), carbon monoxide (CO) and ferrous iron. Although mostly beneficial, the HO reaction can also produce deleterious effects, predominantly attributed to excessive product formation. Underrated so far is, however, that HO may exert effects additionally via modulation of the cellular heme levels. Heme, besides being an often-quoted generator of oxidative stress, plays also an important role as a signaling molecule. Heme controls the anti-oxidative defense, circadian rhythms, activity of ion channels, glucose utilization, erythropoiesis, and macrophage function. This broad spectrum of effects depends on its interaction with proteins ranging from transcription factors to enzymes. In degrading heme, HO has the potential to exert effects also via modulation of heme-mediated pathways. In this review, we will discuss the multitude of pathways regulated by heme to enlarge the view on HO and its role in cell physiology. We will further highlight the contribution of HO to pathophysiology, which results from a dysregulated balance between heme and the degradation products formed by HO.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Catharina Duvigneau
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Harald Esterbauer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Andrey V Kozlov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, 1200 Vienna, Austria.
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, Department of Human Pathology, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
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289
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The oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate produced by mutant IDH1 sensitizes cells to ferroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:755. [PMID: 31591388 PMCID: PMC6779886 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1984-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of cell death characterized by the iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and is implicated in several human pathologies, such as tissue ischemia, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Ferroptosis appears to be high cell-context dependent and the regulation of ferroptosis by physiological or pathological conditions are unclear. Here, we report that tumor-derived IDH1 mutation sensitizes cells to ferroptosis. Deletion of the mutant IDH1 allele in IDH1 heterozygous tumor cells or pharmacological inhibition of mutant IDH1 to produce the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG) confers resistance to erastin-induced ferroptosis. Conversely, ectopic expression of mutant IDH1 or treatment of cells with cell-permeable D-2-HG promotes the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequently ferroptosis. Mechanistically, mutant IDH1 reduces the protein level of the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a key enzyme in removing lipid ROS and ferroptosis, and promotes depletion of glutathione. Our results uncover a new role of mutant IDH1 and 2-HG in ferroptosis.
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290
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Gai C, Yu M, Li Z, Wang Y, Ding D, Zheng J, Lv S, Zhang W, Li W. Acetaminophen sensitizing erastin-induced ferroptosis via modulation of Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway in non-small-cell lung cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3329-3339. [PMID: 31541463 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence confirms that ferroptosis plays an important role in tumor growth inhibition. However, some non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines are less sensitive to erastin-induced ferroptotic cell death. Elucidating the mechanism of resistance of cancer cells to erastin-induced ferroptosis and increasing the sensitivity of cancer cells to erastin need to be addressed. In our experiment, erastin and acetaminophen (APAP) cotreatment inhibited NSCLC cell viability and promoted ferroptosis and apoptosis, accompanied with attenuation of glutathione and ectopic increases in lipid peroxides. Erastin and APAP promoted NSCLC cell death by regulating nucleus translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2); and the ferroptosis induced by erastin and APAP was abrogated by bardoxolone methyl (BM) with less generation of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. As a downstream gene of Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 expression decreased significantly with the cotreatment of erastin and APAP, which could be rescued by BM. In vivo experiment showed that the combination of erastin and APAP had a synergic therapeutic effect on xenograft of lung cancer. In short, the present study develops a new effective treatment for NSCLC by synergizing erastin and APAP to induce ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Gai
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Mengyu Yu
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Zihaoran Li
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yonghong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Dejun Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Shijun Lv
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Weifen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Wentong Li
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
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291
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Cheng X, Zhang F, Li J, Wang G. Galuteolin attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:2671-2680. [PMID: 31571883 PMCID: PMC6754329 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s215263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Galuteolin is a substance extracted and purified from honeysuckle. The purpose of this study was to explore the protective effect of galuteolin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) and reveal its potential molecular mechanism from the perspectives of anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and fifty rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham group, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group, 50 mg/kg galuteolin group, 100 mg/kg galuteolin group, and 200 mg/kg galuteolin group. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was used to establish a rat CIRI model, different doses of galtenolin were intraperitoneal injected 2 hrs after ischemia, and then reperfusion was performed for 24 hrs. Neurological function and cerebral water content were determined, and cerebral infarct volume was evaluated by TTC staining. TUNEL staining was used to detect the apoptosis of nerve cells. Western Blot was used to detect the expressions of Akt, p-Akt, Sod1, Sod2, catalase, caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax. Lipid hydrogen peroxide (LPO) was determined by kit assay. The contents of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α were determined by ELISA. RESULTS The results showed that galuteolin could significantly reduce the cerebral infarction volume, neurologic score, and cerebral water content in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, galuteolin obviously reduced the apoptosis rate of nerve cells and the expression levels of caspase-3 and Bax, meanwhile up-regulated the expression levels of p-Akt and Bcl-2. Furthermore, galuteolin apparently inhibited the levels of LPO, Sod1, Sod2, and catalase in the cerebral infarction tissues. Moreover, galuteolin also significantly reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α in the cerebral infarction tissues. Finally, Galuteolin markedly inhibited the expression of VEGF in cerebral infarction tissues. CONCLUSION Galuteolin exerts neuroprotective effects against CIRI by inhibiting apoptosis, oxidation, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province121001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province121001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Li
- Department of Neurology, Liaoning Health Industry Group Fuxin Mine General Hospital, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province121001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province121001, People’s Republic of China
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292
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Surai PF, Kochish II, Romanov MN, Griffin DK. Nutritional modulation of the antioxidant capacities in poultry: the case of vitamin E. Poult Sci 2019; 98:4030-4041. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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293
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An Y, Zhu J, Liu F, Deng J, Meng X, Liu G, Wu H, Fan A, Wang Z, Zhao Y. Boosting the Ferroptotic Antitumor Efficacy via Site-Specific Amplification of Tailored Lipid Peroxidation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:29655-29666. [PMID: 31359759 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death pathway that can eradicate certain apoptosis-insensitive cancer cells. The ferroptosis-inducing molecules are tailored lipid peroxides whose efficacy is compromised in hypoxic solid tumor and lack of tumor selectivity. It has been demonstrated that ascorbate (Asc) in pharmacological concentrations can selectively kill cancer cells via accumulating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) only in tumor extracellular fluids. It was hypothesized that Asc-induced, selective enrichment of H2O2 in tumor coupled with Fe3+ codelivery could simultaneously address the above two problems via boosting the levels of hydroxyl radicals and oxygen in the tumor site to ease peroxidation initiation and propagation, respectively. The aim of this work was to synergize the action of Asc with lipid-coated calcium phosphate (CaP) hybrid nanocarrier that can concurrently load polar Fe3+ and nonpolar RSL3, a ferroptosis inducer with the mechanism of inhibiting lipid peroxide repair enzyme (GPX4). The hybrid nanocarriers showed accelerated cargo release at acidic conditions (pH 5.0). The combinational approach (Asc plus nanocarrier) produced significantly elevated levels of hydroxyl radicals, lipid peroxides, and depleted glutathione under hypoxia, which was accompanied with the strong cytotoxicity (IC50 = 1.2 ± 0.2 μM) in the model 4 T1 cells. In the 4 T1 tumor-bearing xenograft mouse model, the intravenous nanocarrier delivery plus intraperitoneal Asc administration resulted in a superior antitumor performance in terms of tumor suppression, which did not produce supplementary adverse effects to the healthy organs. This work provides a novel approach to enhance the potency of ferroptotic nanomedicine against solid tumors without inducing additional side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang An
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Jundong Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Jian Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Xuan Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Guangqin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Huiyuan Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Aiping Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
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294
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Friedmann Angeli JP, Krysko DV, Conrad M. Ferroptosis at the crossroads of cancer-acquired drug resistance and immune evasion. Nat Rev Cancer 2019; 19:405-414. [PMID: 31101865 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 714] [Impact Index Per Article: 142.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently recognized cell death modality that is morphologically, biochemically and genetically distinct from other forms of cell death and that has emerged to play an important role in cancer biology. Recent discoveries have highlighted the metabolic plasticity of cancer cells and have provided intriguing insights into how metabolic rewiring is a critical event for the persistence, dedifferentiation and expansion of cancer cells. In some cases, this metabolic reprogramming has been linked to an acquired sensitivity to ferroptosis, thus opening up new opportunities to treat therapy-insensitive tumours. However, it is not yet clear what metabolic determinants are critical for therapeutic resistance and evasion of immune surveillance. Therefore, a better understanding of the processes that regulate ferroptosis sensitivity should ultimately aid in the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies to improve cancer treatment. In this Perspectives article, we provide an overview of the known mechanisms that regulate sensitivity to ferroptosis in cancer cells and how the modulation of metabolic pathways controlling ferroptosis might reshape the tumour niche, leading to an immunosuppressive microenvironment that promotes tumour growth and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitri V Krysko
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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295
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Li Q, Li QQ, Jia JN, Sun QY, Zhou HH, Jin WL, Mao XY. Baicalein Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in FeCl 3-Induced Posttraumatic Epileptic Seizures via Suppressing Ferroptosis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:638. [PMID: 31231224 PMCID: PMC6568039 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a prevalent type of acquired epilepsy secondary to traumatic brain injury, and is characterized by repeated seizures. Traditional antiepileptic drugs have minimal response in preventing posttraumatic epileptic seizures. It is essential for the development of new therapeutic strategy. Our previous work disclosed a potent neuroprotective role of baicalein, a flavonoid extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, against inherited epilepsy in rats. Whether baicalein has protective potential in posttraumatic epileptic seizures and the possible molecular mechanism remain elusive. Additionally, the brain is vulnerable to lipid peroxidation-induced damage due to high consumption of oxygen and abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids in neuronal membranes. Our present investigation aimed to elucidate whether baicalein exerts neuroprotective effects on posttraumatic epileptic seizures by inhibiting ferroptosis, a newly discovered lipid peroxidation-dependent cell death modality. We found that baicalein significantly reduced seizure score, number of seizures, and average seizure duration in an iron chloride (FeCl3)-induced PTE mouse model. The neuroprotective effect of baicalein was also validated in a ferric ammonium citrate (FAC)-induced HT22 hippocampal neuron damage model. Moreover, in vitro, baicalein could remarkably decrease ferroptotic indices (lipid reactive oxygen species, 4-hydroxynonenal, and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2) and inhibit the expression of 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) in an iron-induced HT22 cell damage model. These findings were also validated in a mouse PTE model. It was concluded that baicalein exerted neuroprotective effects against posttraumatic epileptic seizures via suppressing ferroptosis and 12/15-LOX was likely to be involved in baicalein’s neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Qiu-Qi Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Ji-Ning Jia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Qian-Yi Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- Centers for Translational Medicine, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.,Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Information and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Mao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
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296
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Forcina GC, Dixon SJ. GPX4 at the Crossroads of Lipid Homeostasis and Ferroptosis. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800311. [PMID: 30888116 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 491] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen is necessary for aerobic metabolism but can cause the harmful oxidation of lipids and other macromolecules. Oxidation of cholesterol and phospholipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acyl chains can lead to lipid peroxidation, membrane damage, and cell death. Lipid hydroperoxides are key intermediates in the process of lipid peroxidation. The lipid hydroperoxidase glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) converts lipid hydroperoxides to lipid alcohols, and this process prevents the iron (Fe2+ )-dependent formation of toxic lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). Inhibition of GPX4 function leads to lipid peroxidation and can result in the induction of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic form of cell death. This review describes the formation of reactive lipid species, the function of GPX4 in preventing oxidative lipid damage, and the link between GPX4 dysfunction, lipid oxidation, and the induction of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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297
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Teramoto K, Katoh H. The cystine/glutamate antiporter xCT is a key regulator of EphA2 S897 phosphorylation under glucose-limited conditions. Cell Signal 2019; 62:109329. [PMID: 31152846 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
EphA2, which belongs to the Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in a variety of human cancers. Serine 897 (S897) phosphorylation of EphA2 is known to promote cancer cell migration and proliferation in a ligand-independent manner. In this study, we show that glucose deprivation induces S897 phosphorylation of EphA2 in glioblastoma cells. The phosphorylation requires the activity of the cystine/glutamate antiporter xCT and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent ERK and RSK activation. Furthermore, depletion of EphA2 in glioblastoma cells leads to decreased cell viability under glucose starvation. Our results suggest a role of EphA2 in glioblastoma cell viability under glucose-limited conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Teramoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hironori Katoh
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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298
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Hemin-induced platelet activation and ferroptosis is mediated through ROS-driven proteasomal activity and inflammasome activation: Protection by Melatonin. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:2303-2316. [PMID: 31102787 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are capable of inducing cell death or apoptosis. Recently, we demonstrated that lipid-ROS can mediate ferroptosis and activation of human platelets. Ferroptosis is an intracellular iron-mediated cell death, distinct from classical apoptosis and necrosis, which is mediated through the accumulation of ROS, lipid peroxides and depletion of cellular GSH. Lately, we demonstrated that hemoglobin degradation product hemin induces ferroptosis in platelets via ROS and lipid peroxidation. In this study, we demonstrate that hemin-induced ferroptosis in platelets is mediated through ROS-driven proteasome activity and inflammasome activation, which were mitigated by Melatonin (MLT). Although inflammasome activation is linked with pyroptosis, it is still not clear whether ferroptosis is associated with inflammasome activation. Our study for the first time demonstrates an association of platelet activation/ferroptosis with proteasome activity and inflammasome activation. Although, high-throughput screening has recognized ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and liproxstatin-1 (Lip-1) as potent ferroptosis inhibitors, having an endogenous antioxidant such as MLT as ferroptosis inhibitor is of high interest. MLT is a well-known chronobiotic hormone that regulates the circadian rhythms in vertebrates. It also exhibits potent antioxidant and ROS quenching capabilities. MLT can regulate fundamental cellular functions by exhibiting cytoprotective, oncostatic, antiaging, anti-venom, and immunomodulatory activities. The ROS scavenging capacity of MLT is key for its cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic properties. Considering the anti-ferroptotic and anti-apoptotic potentials of MLT, it could be a promising clinical application to treat hemolytic, thrombotic and thrombocytopenic conditions. Therefore, we propose MLT as a pharmacological and therapeutic agent to inhibit ferroptosis and platelet activation.
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299
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Sui S, Zhang J, Xu S, Wang Q, Wang P, Pang D. Ferritinophagy is required for the induction of ferroptosis by the bromodomain protein BRD4 inhibitor (+)-JQ1 in cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:331. [PMID: 30988278 PMCID: PMC6465411 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1564-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
(+)-JQ1 is an inhibitor of the tumor-driver bromodomain protein BRD4 and produces satisfactory effects because it efficiently increases apoptosis. Ferroptosis is an oxidative cell death program differing from apoptosis. Ferroptosis is characterized by high levels of iron and reactive oxygen species and has been confirmed to suppress tumor growth. In this study, BRD4 expression in cancer and its influence on the prognosis of cancer patients were analyzed using data from public databases. In addition, the effect of the BRD4 inhibitor (+)-JQ1 on ferroptosis was investigated via a series of in vitro assays. A nude mouse model was used to evaluate the function of (+)-JQ1 in ferroptosis in vivo. The potential mechanisms by which (+)-JQ1 regulates ferroptosis were explored. The results showed that BRD4 expression levels were higher in cancer tissues than in normal tissues and were related to poor prognosis in cancer patients. Furthermore, ferroptosis was induced under (+)-JQ1 treatment and BRD4 knockdown, indicating that (+)-JQ1 induces ferroptosis via BRD4 inhibition. Moreover, the anticancer effect of (+)-JQ1 was enhanced by ferroptosis inducers. Further studies confirmed that (+)-JQ1 induced ferroptosis via ferritinophagy, which featured autophagy enhancement by (+)-JQ1 and increased iron levels. Subsequently, the reactive oxygen species levels were increased by iron via the Fenton reaction, leading to ferroptosis. In addition, expression of the ferroptosis-associated genes GPX4, SLC7A11, and SLC3A2 was downregulated under (+)-JQ1 treatment and BRD4 knockdown, indicating that (+)-JQ1 may regulate ferroptosis by controlling the expression of ferroptosis-associated genes regulated by BRD4. Finally, (+)-JQ1 regulated ferritinophagy and the expression of ferroptosis-associated genes via epigenetic inhibition of BRD4 by suppressing the expression of the histone methyltransferase G9a or enhancing the expression of the histone deacetylase SIRT1. In summary, the BRD4 inhibitor (+)-JQ1 induces ferroptosis via ferritinophagy or the regulation of ferroptosis-associated genes through epigenetic repression of BRD4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyao Sui
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150081, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150081, Harbin, China
| | - Shouping Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150081, Harbin, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150081, Harbin, China
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150081, Harbin, China
| | - Da Pang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150081, Harbin, China. .,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 157 Baojian Road, 150086, Harbin, China.
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300
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Kahn-Kirby AH, Amagata A, Maeder CI, Mei JJ, Sideris S, Kosaka Y, Hinman A, Malone SA, Bruegger JJ, Wang L, Kim V, Shrader WD, Hoff KG, Latham JC, Ashley EA, Wheeler MT, Bertini E, Carrozzo R, Martinelli D, Dionisi-Vici C, Chapman KA, Enns GM, Gahl W, Wolfe L, Saneto RP, Johnson SC, Trimmer JK, Klein MB, Holst CR. Targeting ferroptosis: A novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of mitochondrial disease-related epilepsy. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214250. [PMID: 30921410 PMCID: PMC6438538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial disease is a family of genetic disorders characterized by defects in the generation and regulation of energy. Epilepsy is a common symptom of mitochondrial disease, and in the vast majority of cases, refractory to commonly used antiepileptic drugs. Ferroptosis is a recently-described form of iron- and lipid-dependent regulated cell death associated with glutathione depletion and production of lipid peroxides by lipoxygenase enzymes. Activation of the ferroptosis pathway has been implicated in a growing number of disorders, including epilepsy. Given that ferroptosis is regulated by balancing the activities of glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) and 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO), targeting these enzymes may provide a rational therapeutic strategy to modulate seizure. The clinical-stage therapeutic vatiquinone (EPI-743, α-tocotrienol quinone) was reported to reduce seizure frequency and associated morbidity in children with the mitochondrial disorder pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 6. We sought to elucidate the molecular mechanism of EPI-743 and explore the potential of targeting 15-LO to treat additional mitochondrial disease-associated epilepsies. METHODS Primary fibroblasts and B-lymphocytes derived from patients with mitochondrial disease-associated epilepsy were cultured under standardized conditions. Ferroptosis was induced by treatment with the irreversible GPX4 inhibitor RSL3 or a combination of pharmacological glutathione depletion and excess iron. EPI-743 was co-administered and endpoints, including cell viability and 15-LO-dependent lipid oxidation, were measured. RESULTS EPI-743 potently prevented ferroptosis in patient cells representing five distinct pediatric disease syndromes with associated epilepsy. Cytoprotection was preceded by a dose-dependent decrease in general lipid oxidation and the specific 15-LO product 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE). CONCLUSIONS These findings support the continued clinical evaluation of EPI-743 as a therapeutic agent for PCH6 and other mitochondrial diseases with associated epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda H. Kahn-Kirby
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Akiko Amagata
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Celine I. Maeder
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Janet J. Mei
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Steve Sideris
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Yuko Kosaka
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Andrew Hinman
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Stephanie A. Malone
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Joel J. Bruegger
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Leslie Wang
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Virna Kim
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - William D. Shrader
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Kevin G. Hoff
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Joey C. Latham
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Euan A. Ashley
- Stanford Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Matthew T. Wheeler
- Stanford Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children’s Research Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosalba Carrozzo
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children’s Research Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Martinelli
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children’s Research Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Clinical Division and Research Unit of Metabolic Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Kimberly A. Chapman
- Children’s National Rare Disease Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Gregory M. Enns
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - William Gahl
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lynne Wolfe
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Russell P. Saneto
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Simon C. Johnson
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey K. Trimmer
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Matthew B. Klein
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Charles R. Holst
- BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, California, United States of America
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