251
|
Huang YH, Chang CY, Kuo YZ, Fang WY, Kao HY, Tsai ST, Wu LW. Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived interleukin-1β activates protumor C-C motif chemokine ligand 22 signaling in head and neck cancer. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:2783-2793. [PMID: 31325403 PMCID: PMC6726685 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer, a subtype of head and neck cancer, is characterized by increased infiltrating regulatory T cells (Treg); however, the pathological significance of the increase in Tregs in disease prognosis and progression and their underlying mechanism remain unestablished. C-C motif chemokine ligand 22 (CCL22) has been implicated in the recruitment of Tregs. We used RT-qPCR to determine CCL22 mRNA expression in clinical specimens and cultured cells. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies were carried out to analyze the effects of CCL22 modulations on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis and the mechanism involved in the deregulation of CCL22. In oral cancer specimens, CCL22 mRNA was upregulated. The increase was not only associated with reduced disease-free survival but also strongly correlated with an increase in FOXP3 mRNA, a master regulator of Treg development and functions. Silencing CCL22 expression reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, whereas ectopic overexpression showed opposite effects. Manipulation of CCL22 expression in cancer cells altered tumorigenesis in both immune-compromised and -competent mice, supporting both autonomous and non-autonomous actions of CCL22. Release of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) induces CCL22 mRNA expression in oral cancer cells by activating transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Our data support a model in which CAF-derived IL-1β, CCL22, and its receptor CCR4 foster a protumor environment by promoting cell transformation and Treg infiltration. Intervention of the IL-1β-CCL22-CCR4 signaling axis may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for oral cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Huang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Che-Ying Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Zih Kuo
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Fang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ying Kao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Sen-Tien Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Cancer Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wha Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Science and Technology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
252
|
Jafarzadeh A, Nemati M, Jafarzadeh S. The important role played by chemokines influence the clinical outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection. Life Sci 2019; 231:116688. [PMID: 31348950 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The extended infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), one of the most frequent infectious agents in humans, may cause gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and gastric cancer. During H. pylori infection, different kinds of inflammatory cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils, mast cells, eosinophils, T cells and B cells are accumulated into the stomach. The interactions between chemokines and their respective receptors recruit particular types of the leukocytes that ultimately determine the nature of immune response and therefore, have a main influence on the consequence of infection. The suitable production of chemokines especially in the early stages of H. pylori infection shapes appropriate immune responses that contribute to the H. pylori elimination. The unbalanced expression of the chemokines can contribute in the induction of inappropriate responses that result in the tissue damage or malignancy. Thus, chemokines and their receptors may be promising potential targets for designing the therapeutic strategies against various types H. pylori-related gastrointestinal disorders. In this review, a comprehensive explanation regarding the roles played by chemokines in H. pylori-mediated peptic ulcer, gastritis and gastric malignancies was provided while presenting the potential utilization of these chemoattractants as therapeutic elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sara Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
253
|
Li Q, Ma L, Shen S, Guo Y, Cao Q, Cai X, Feng J, Yan Y, Hu T, Luo S, Zhou L, Peng B, Yang Z, Hua Y. Intestinal dysbacteriosis-induced IL-25 promotes development of HCC via alternative activation of macrophages in tumor microenvironment. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019. [PMID: 31296243 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1271-3.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota and the tumor microenvironment are thought to be critical factors that modulate the processes of liver diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Interleukin-25 (IL-25) promotes type 2 immunity via alternative activation of macrophages, and is closely associated with inflammation-related diseases, even malignancies. However, it is not clear which role IL-25 plays in the development of HCC, and whether gut microbiota are involved. METHODS IL-25 was detected by ELISA, Western blotting (WB), and immunohistochemistry. Chemokines were measured by RT-qPCR and WB. After co-culture with IL-25-stimulated macrophages, the cell growth, migration, invasion and EMT marker of HCC cell lines (MHCC97L and HepG2) were evaluated by Brdu proliferation, Transwell assays and WB. An antibody neutralization assay of chemokine CXCL10 was performed to confirm its role in HCC development. Furthermore, the effects of IL-25 in HCC were investigated in vivo. Dysbiosis of gut microflora was induced by antibiotics (vancomycin, cefoperazone or combination of ampicillin, neomycin, metronidazole, and vancomycin). We used feces suspension to treat colonic epithelial NCM460 cells, and detected IL-25 and tuft cell marker DCLK1 using WB and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS We found that the level of IL-25 was significantly elevated in HCC patients, and was negatively correlated with survival rate after hepatectomy. However, IL-25 did not directly promote the development of HCC cells. Then, we observed the significant positive correlation between IL-25 level and M2 percentage (CD206/CD68) in HCC tumors. In vitro and in vivo, IL-25 induced alternative activation of macrophages promoted HCC cell migration, invasion and tumorigenesis, increased the expression of vimentin, Snail and phospho-ERK, and decreased the expression of E-cadherin in HCC cells. After IL-25 treatment, chemokine CXCL10 was increased in macrophages. Neutralizing CXCL10 in macrophage-conditioned medium reversed the IL-25-mediated effect on HCC cells. Vancomycin-induced dysbiosis promoted the growth of orthotopic HCC homograft. Surprisedly, we found the hyperplasia of colonic epithelial tuft cells, from which more IL-25 was secreted . CONCLUSIONS IL-25 promotes the progression of HCC through inducing alternative activation and CXCL10 secretion of macrophages in tumor microenvironment, and IL-25 secretion may partly result from hyperplastic epithelial tuft cells in colon, induced by gut microbiota dysbiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunli Shen
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Guo
- Cancer Center & Precision Medicine Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Cao
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuqin Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Feng
- School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Hu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiya Luo
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Baogang Peng
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhonghan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunpeng Hua
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
254
|
Intestinal dysbacteriosis-induced IL-25 promotes development of HCC via alternative activation of macrophages in tumor microenvironment. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:303. [PMID: 31296243 PMCID: PMC6625119 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Gut microbiota and the tumor microenvironment are thought to be critical factors that modulate the processes of liver diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Interleukin-25 (IL-25) promotes type 2 immunity via alternative activation of macrophages, and is closely associated with inflammation-related diseases, even malignancies. However, it is not clear which role IL-25 plays in the development of HCC, and whether gut microbiota are involved. Methods IL-25 was detected by ELISA, Western blotting (WB), and immunohistochemistry. Chemokines were measured by RT-qPCR and WB. After co-culture with IL-25-stimulated macrophages, the cell growth, migration, invasion and EMT marker of HCC cell lines (MHCC97L and HepG2) were evaluated by Brdu proliferation, Transwell assays and WB. An antibody neutralization assay of chemokine CXCL10 was performed to confirm its role in HCC development. Furthermore, the effects of IL-25 in HCC were investigated in vivo. Dysbiosis of gut microflora was induced by antibiotics (vancomycin, cefoperazone or combination of ampicillin, neomycin, metronidazole, and vancomycin). We used feces suspension to treat colonic epithelial NCM460 cells, and detected IL-25 and tuft cell marker DCLK1 using WB and immunofluorescence staining. Results We found that the level of IL-25 was significantly elevated in HCC patients, and was negatively correlated with survival rate after hepatectomy. However, IL-25 did not directly promote the development of HCC cells. Then, we observed the significant positive correlation between IL-25 level and M2 percentage (CD206/CD68) in HCC tumors. In vitro and in vivo, IL-25 induced alternative activation of macrophages promoted HCC cell migration, invasion and tumorigenesis, increased the expression of vimentin, Snail and phospho-ERK, and decreased the expression of E-cadherin in HCC cells. After IL-25 treatment, chemokine CXCL10 was increased in macrophages. Neutralizing CXCL10 in macrophage-conditioned medium reversed the IL-25-mediated effect on HCC cells. Vancomycin-induced dysbiosis promoted the growth of orthotopic HCC homograft. Surprisedly, we found the hyperplasia of colonic epithelial tuft cells, from which more IL-25 was secreted . Conclusions IL-25 promotes the progression of HCC through inducing alternative activation and CXCL10 secretion of macrophages in tumor microenvironment, and IL-25 secretion may partly result from hyperplastic epithelial tuft cells in colon, induced by gut microbiota dysbiosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1271-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
255
|
Kapur N, Mir H, Sonpavde GP, Jain S, Bae S, Lillard JW, Singh S. Prostate cancer cells hyper-activate CXCR6 signaling by cleaving CXCL16 to overcome effect of docetaxel. Cancer Lett 2019; 454:1-13. [PMID: 30974114 PMCID: PMC7748218 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Molecular reprogramming in response to chemotherapeutics leads to poor therapeutic outcomes for prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, we demonstrated that CXCR6-CXCL16 axis promotes DTX resistance and acts as a counter-defense mechanism. After CXCR6 activation, cell death in response to DTX was inhibited, and blocking of CXCR6 potentiated DTX cytotoxicity. Moreover, in response to DTX, PCa cells expressed higher CXCR6, CXCL16, and ADAM-10. Furthermore, ADAM-10-mediated release of CXCL16 hyper-activated CXCR6 signaling in response to DTX. Activation of CXCR6 resulted in increased GSK-3β, NF-κB, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and survivin expression, which reduce DTX response. Finally, treatment of PCa cells with anti-CXCR6 monoclonal antibody synergistically or additively induced cell death with ∼1.5-4.5 fold reduction in the effective concentration of DTX. In sum, our data imply that co-targeting of CXCR6 would lead to therapeutic enhancement of DTX, leading to better clinical outcomes for PCa patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kapur
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA; Cancer Health Equity Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Hina Mir
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA; Cancer Health Equity Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Guru P Sonpavde
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Sanjay Jain
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Sejong Bae
- Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - James W Lillard
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA; Cancer Health Equity Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Shailesh Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA; Cancer Health Equity Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
256
|
Šebová R, Bauerová-Hlinková V, Beck K, Nemčovičová I, Bauer J, Kúdelová M. Residue Mutations in Murine Herpesvirus 68 Immunomodulatory Protein M3 Reveal Specific Modulation of Chemokine Binding. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:210. [PMID: 31293981 PMCID: PMC6603146 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The M3 protein (M3) encoded by murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) is a unique viral immunomodulator with a high-affinity for a broad spectrum of chemokines, key mediators responsible for the migration of immune cells to sites of inflammation. M3 is currently being studied as a very attractive and desirable tool for blocking the chemokine signaling involved in some inflammatory diseases and cancers. In this study, we elucidated the role of M3 residues E70 and T272 in binding to chemokines by examining the effects of the E70A and T272G mutations on the ability of recombinant M3, prepared in Escherichia coli cells, to bind the human chemokines CCL5 and CXCL8. We found that the E70A mutation enhanced binding of M3 to CCL5 two-fold but had little effect on its binding to CXCL8. In contrast, the T272G mutation was found to be important for the thermal stability of M3 and significantly decreased M3's binding to both CCL5 (by about 4×) and CXCL8 (by about 5×). We also constructed in silico models of the wild-type M3-CCL5 and M3-CCL8 complexes and found substantial differences in their physical and chemical properties. M3 models with single mutation E70A and T272G suggested the role of E70 and T272 in binding M3 protein to chemokines. In sum, we have confirmed that site-directed mutagenesis could be an effective tool for modulating the blockade of particular chemokines by M3, as desired in therapeutic treatments for severe inflammatory illnesses arising from chemokine network dysregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radka Šebová
- Department of Viral Immunology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladena Bauerová-Hlinková
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Konrad Beck
- Cardiff University School of Dentistry, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Ivana Nemčovičová
- Department of Viral Immunology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jacob Bauer
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marcela Kúdelová
- Department of Viral Immunology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
257
|
Clouet J, Fusellier M, Camus A, Le Visage C, Guicheux J. Intervertebral disc regeneration: From cell therapy to the development of novel bioinspired endogenous repair strategies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 146:306-324. [PMID: 29705378 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP), frequently associated with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, is a major public health concern. LBP is currently managed by pharmacological treatments and, if unsuccessful, by invasive surgical procedures, which do not counteract the degenerative process. Considering that IVD cell depletion is critical in the degenerative process, the supplementation of IVD with reparative cells, associated or not with biomaterials, has been contemplated. Recently, the discovery of reparative stem/progenitor cells in the IVD has led to increased interest in the potential of endogenous repair strategies. Recruitment of these cells by specific signals might constitute an alternative strategy to cell transplantation. Here, we review the status of cell-based therapies for treating IVD degeneration and emphasize the current concept of endogenous repair as well as future perspectives. This review also highlights the challenges of the mobilization/differentiation of reparative progenitor cells through the delivery of biologics factors to stimulate IVD regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Clouet
- INSERM, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, Nantes F-44042, France; CHU Nantes, Pharmacie Centrale, PHU 11, Nantes F-44093, France; Université de Nantes, UFR Sciences Biologiques et Pharmaceutiques, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, UFR Odontologie, Nantes F-44042, France
| | - Marion Fusellier
- INSERM, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, Nantes F-44042, France; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, CRIP, National Veterinary School (ONIRIS), Nantes F-44307, France
| | - Anne Camus
- INSERM, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, Nantes F-44042, France; Université de Nantes, UFR Odontologie, Nantes F-44042, France
| | - Catherine Le Visage
- INSERM, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, Nantes F-44042, France; Université de Nantes, UFR Odontologie, Nantes F-44042, France
| | - Jérôme Guicheux
- INSERM, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, Nantes F-44042, France; Université de Nantes, UFR Odontologie, Nantes F-44042, France; CHU Nantes, PHU4 OTONN, Nantes, F-44093, France.
| |
Collapse
|
258
|
Unver N. Macrophage chemoattractants secreted by cancer cells: Sculptors of the tumor microenvironment and another crucial piece of the cancer secretome as a therapeutic target. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 50:13-18. [PMID: 31151747 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Beyond their essential role in leukocyte homing in the context of inflammation, chemokines orchestrate the host response to cancer progression. Chemokines are key accelerators in the amplification of inflammatory signals and metastasis in the distal zone of tumors, indicating possible immune editing of tumor cells in the microenvironment. This review summarizes the main macrophage-attracting chemokines secreted from cancer cells and how these mediators can be targeted to improve cancer immunotherapy in multiple cancer types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nese Unver
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
259
|
Bazzichetto C, Conciatori F, Falcone I, Cognetti F, Milella M, Ciuffreda L. Advances in Tumor-Stroma Interactions: Emerging Role of Cytokine Network in Colorectal and Pancreatic Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:5373580. [PMID: 31191652 PMCID: PMC6525927 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5373580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are a family of soluble factors (Growth Factors (GFs), chemokines, angiogenic factors, and interferons), which regulate a wide range of mechanisms in both physiological and pathological conditions, such as tumor cell growth and progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. In recent years, the growing interest in developing new cancer targeted therapies has been accompanied by the effort to characterize Tumor Microenvironment (TME) and Tumor-Stroma Interactions (TSI). The connection between tumor and stroma is now well established and, in the last decade, evidence from genetic, pharmacological, and epidemiological data supported the importance of microenvironment in tumor progression. However, several of the mechanisms behind TSI and their implication in tumor progression remain still unclear and it is crucial to establish their potential in determining pharmacological response. Many studies have demonstrated that cytokines network can profoundly affect TME, thus displaying potential therapeutic efficacy in both preclinical and clinical models. The goal of this review is to give an overview of the most relevant cytokines involved in colorectal and pancreatic cancer progression and their implication in drug response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bazzichetto
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Fabiana Conciatori
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Italia Falcone
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Francesco Cognetti
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine and Verona University Hospital Trust, Verona 37126, Italy
| | - Ludovica Ciuffreda
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
260
|
Hussain M, Adah D, Tariq M, Lu Y, Zhang J, Liu J. CXCL13/CXCR5 signaling axis in cancer. Life Sci 2019; 227:175-186. [PMID: 31026453 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment comprises stromal and tumor cells which interact with each other through complex cross-talks that are mediated by a variety of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. The chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and its chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5) are among the key chemotactic factors which play crucial roles in deriving cancer cell biology. CXCL13/CXCR5 signaling axis makes pivotal contributions to the development and progression of several human cancers. In this review, we discuss how CXCL13/CXCR5 signaling modulates cancer cell ability to grow, proliferate, invade, and metastasize. Furthermore, we also discuss the preliminary evidence on context-dependent functioning of this axis within the tumor-immune microenvironment, thus, highlighting its potential dichotomy with respect to anticancer immunity and cancer immune-evasion mechanisms. At the end, we briefly shed light on the therapeutic potential or implications of targeting CXCL13/CXCR5 axis within the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muzammal Hussain
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Dickson Adah
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Heath, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China
| | - Muqddas Tariq
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yongzhi Lu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China
| | - Jiancun Zhang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China.
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
261
|
MSC.sTRAIL Has Better Efficacy than MSC.FL-TRAIL and in Combination with AKTi Blocks Pro-Metastatic Cytokine Production in Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040568. [PMID: 31010082 PMCID: PMC6521093 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy is a promising new treatment option for cancer. In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown potential in delivering therapeutic genes in various tumour models and are now on the verge of being tested in the clinic. A number of therapeutic genes have been examined in this context, including the death ligand TRAIL. For cell therapy, it can be used in its natural form as a full-length and membrane-bound protein (FL-TRAIL) or as an engineered version commonly referred to as soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL). As to which is more therapeutically efficacious, contradicting results have been reported. We discovered that MSCs producing sTRAIL have significantly higher apoptosis-inducing activity than cells expressing FL-TRAIL and found that FL-TRAIL, in contrast to sTRAIL, is not secreted. We also demonstrated that TRAIL does induce the expression of pro-metastatic cytokines in prostate cancer cells, but that this effect could be overcome through combination with an AKT inhibitor. Thus, a combination consisting of small-molecule drugs specifically targeting tumour cells in combination with MSC.sTRAIL, not only provides a way of sensitising cancer cells to TRAIL, but also reduces the issue of side-effect-causing cytokine production. This therapeutic strategy therefore represents a novel targeted treatment option for advanced prostate cancer and other difficult to treat tumours.
Collapse
|
262
|
Tumor-Associated Neutrophils in Cancer: Going Pro. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040564. [PMID: 31010242 PMCID: PMC6520693 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The progression of cancer is not only about the tumor cell itself, but also about other involved players including cancer cell recruited immune cells, their released pro-inflammatory factors, and the extracellular matrix. These players constitute the tumor microenvironment and play vital roles in the cancer progression. Neutrophils—the most abundant white blood cells in the circulation system—constitute a significant part of the tumor microenvironment. Neutrophils play major roles linking inflammation and cancer and are actively involved in progression and metastasis. Additionally, recent data suggest that neutrophils could be considered one of the emerging targets for multiple cancer types. This review summarizes the most recent updates regarding neutrophil recruitments and functions in the tumor microenvironment as well as potential development of neutrophils-targeted putative therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
263
|
RS 504393 inhibits M-MDSCs recruiting in immune microenvironment of bladder cancer after gemcitabine treatment. Mol Immunol 2019; 109:140-148. [PMID: 30951933 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor of urinary epithelium. Gemcitabine is an introduced treatment for BC and also has immunomodulatory function, but the immunoregulation mechanism is not clear. In this study, we found that gemcitabine-treated BC cell recruited more monocyte-myeloid-derived suppressed cells (M-MDSCs), which played a significant role in immune suppression and contributed to cancer progression. We found that this phenomenon was induced by Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), an M-MDSCs recruitment related monomeric polypeptide. Gemcitabine treatment promotes the generation of CCL2 and CCL2 could attach to C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) to recruit M-MDSCs. We used RS 504393, a selective CCR2 antagonist, to inhibit the recruitment of M-MDSCs. RS 504393 improved the prognosis by blocking chemotaxis of M-MDSCs, and this finding sheds lights on how to prevent and alleviate the side effects occurred on the gemcitabine-treated BC patients.
Collapse
|
264
|
Enhanced Antitumor Immune Response in 2'-5' Oligoadenylate Synthetase-Like 1- (OASL1-) Deficient Mice upon Cisplatin Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:7596786. [PMID: 31049360 PMCID: PMC6462330 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7596786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN-I) plays a critical role in the antitumor immune response. In our previous study, we showed that IFN-I-inducible 2′-5′ oligoadenylate synthetase-like 1 (OASL1) negatively regulated IFN-I production upon tumor challenge similar to that of viral infection. Thus, OASL1-deficient (Oasl1−/−) mice were more resistant to implanted tumor growth than wild-type (WT) mice. In this study, we investigated whether targeting or suppressing OASL1 could show synergistic effects on tumor clearance with conventional cancer therapies (such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy) using Oasl1−/− mice and a transplantable lung metastatic tumor cell model. Upon treatment with the anticancer drug cisplatin, we found that Oasl1−/− mice showed enhanced resistance to injected tumors compared to untreated Oasl1−/− mice. Similarly, irradiated Oasl1−/− mice showed better resistance to tumor challenge than untreated Oasl1−/− mice. Additionally, we found that Oasl1−/− mice applied with both types of the cancer therapies contained more cytotoxic effector cells, such as CD8+ T cells and NK cells, and produced more cytotoxic effector cytokine IFN-γ as well as IFN-I in their tumor-containing lungs compared to untreated Oasl1−/− mice. Collectively, these results show that targeting OASL1 together with conventional cancer therapies could be an effective strategy to enhance treatment efficacy.
Collapse
|
265
|
Benmebarek MR, Karches CH, Cadilha BL, Lesch S, Endres S, Kobold S. Killing Mechanisms of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1283. [PMID: 30875739 PMCID: PMC6470706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) comprises the killing of cancer cells through the therapeutic use of transferred T cells. One of the main ACT approaches is chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. CAR T cells mediate MHC-unrestricted tumor cell killing by enabling T cells to bind target cell surface antigens through a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) recognition domain. Upon engagement, CAR T cells form a non-classical immune synapse (IS), required for their effector function. These cells then mediate their anti-tumoral effects through the perforin and granzyme axis, the Fas and Fas ligand axis, as well as the release of cytokines to sensitize the tumor stroma. Their persistence in the host and functional outputs are tightly dependent on the receptor's individual components-scFv, spacer domain, and costimulatory domains-and how said component functions converge to augment CAR T cell performance. In this review, we bring forth the successes and limitations of CAR T cell therapy. We delve further into the current understanding of how CAR T cells are designed to function, survive, and ultimately mediate their anti-tumoral effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Reda Benmebarek
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Clara Helke Karches
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Bruno Loureiro Cadilha
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Lesch
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Stefan Endres
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 80337 Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
266
|
Ku WT, Tung JJ, Lee TJF, Lai KC. Long-Term Exposure to Oroxylin A Inhibits Metastasis by Suppressing CCL2 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E353. [PMID: 30871117 PMCID: PMC6468369 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oroxylin A (Oro-A), the main bioactive flavonoid extracted from Scutellaria radix, has been reported to inhibit migration in various human cancer cell models. In this study, we further explored the anti-migration effects of Oro-A on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and investigated the underlying mechanisms. A 24-h (short-term) exposure of OSCC cells to non-cytotoxic concentrations (5⁻20 μM) of Oro-A significantly suppressed cell migration according to a wound-healing assay. Furthermore, a 30-day exposure (long-term) to Oro-A (20 μM), which did not exhibit a cytotoxic effect on OSCC cells, significantly suppressed cell migration more than short-term Oro-A exposure. To uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effect of long-term Oro-A exposure on OSCC migration, a cDNA microarray and the Ingenuity software were used. Overall, 112 upregulated and 356 downregulated genes were identified in long-term Oro-A-exposed cells compared with untreated OSCC cells. Among them, 75 genes were reported to be associated with cancer cell migration. Consistent with the cDNA microarray results, we found that the expression levels of several cell migration-related genes, such as LCN2, ID-1, MDK, S100A9 and CCL2, were significantly decreased in long-term Oro-A-exposed OSCC cells using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) assay. The Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results also demonstrated that CCL2 expression at the mRNA and protein levels was significantly decreased in long-term Oro-A-exposed OSCC cells compared with untreated OSCC cells. Moreover, the expression levels of downstream CCL2 targets, including p-ERK1/2, NFκB, MMP2, and MMP9, were also decreased in long-term Oro-A-exposed OSCC cells. Further, Oro-A treatment suppressed in vivo metastasis. These results suggest that long-term Oro-A treatment inhibits metastasis via CCL2 signaling in OSCC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Ku
- Master Program of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Jiun-Jia Tung
- Master Program of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacy, Yuli Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Hualien 98147, Taiwan.
| | - Tony Jer-Fu Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
- Cardiovascular and Metabolomics Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Chu Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
267
|
Yam AO, Chtanova T. The Ins and Outs of Chemokine-Mediated Immune Cell Trafficking in Skin Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:386. [PMID: 30899263 PMCID: PMC6416210 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies of the patterns of chemokine-mediated immune cell recruitment into solid tumors have enhanced our understanding of the role played by various immune cell subsets both in amplifying and inhibiting tumor cell growth and spread. Here we discuss how the chemokine/chemokine receptor networks bring together immune cells within the microenvironment of skin tumors, particularly melanomas, including their effect on disease progression, prognosis and therapeutic options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew O. Yam
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tatyana Chtanova
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
268
|
Mollica Poeta V, Massara M, Capucetti A, Bonecchi R. Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors: New Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:379. [PMID: 30894861 PMCID: PMC6414456 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a clinically validated treatment for many cancers to boost the immune system against tumor growth and dissemination. Several strategies are used to harness immune cells: monoclonal antibodies against tumor antigens, immune checkpoint inhibitors, vaccination, adoptive cell therapies (e.g., CAR-T cells) and cytokine administration. In the last decades, it is emerging that the chemokine system represents a potential target for immunotherapy. Chemokines, a large family of cytokines with chemotactic activity, and their cognate receptors are expressed by both cancer and stromal cells. Their altered expression in malignancies dictates leukocyte recruitment and activation, angiogenesis, cancer cell proliferation, and metastasis in all the stages of the disease. Here, we review first attempts to inhibit the chemokine system in cancer as a monotherapy or in combination with canonical or immuno-mediated therapies. We also provide recent findings about the role in cancer of atypical chemokine receptors that could become future targets for immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Mollica Poeta
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Matteo Massara
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Arianna Capucetti
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bonecchi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
269
|
Eichelmann F, Schulze MB, Wittenbecher C, Menzel J, Weikert C, di Giuseppe R, Biemann R, Isermann B, Fritsche A, Boeing H, Aleksandrova K. Association of Chemerin Plasma Concentration With Risk of Colorectal Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e190896. [PMID: 30901045 PMCID: PMC6583278 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.0896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Inflammatory processes have been suggested to have an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) etiology. Chemerin is a recently discovered inflammatory biomarker thought to exert chemotactic, adipogenic, and angiogenic functions. However, its potential link with CRC has not been sufficiently explored. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prospective association of circulating plasma chemerin concentrations with incident CRC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective case-cohort study based on 27 548 initially healthy participants from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort who were followed for up to 16 years. Baseline study information and samples were collected between August 23, 1994, and September 25, 1998. Recruitment was according to random registry sampling from the geographical area of Potsdam, Germany, and surrounding municipalities. The last date of study follow-up was May 10, 2010. Statistical analysis was conducted in 2018. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incident CRC, colon cancer, and rectal cancer. Baseline chemerin plasma concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS A random subcohort of 221 incident CRC cases and 2329 participants free of CRC with available blood sample measurements were included in the analysis. The participants' mean (SD) age was 50 (9) years, 62.1% were female, and 16.5% had a body mass index greater than 30. In multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models taking into account established CRC risk factors, higher chemerin concentrations were associated with a greater risk of CRC, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.81 (95% CI, 1.08-3.05; P for trend = .007) for the highest chemerin quartile vs the lowest. Analyses by cancer subsite indicated a stronger association with colon cancer (HR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.18-4.34 for the highest quartile vs the lowest; P for trend = .005) compared with rectal cancer (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.57-2.85; P for trend = .35). The association was particularly strong for proximal colon cancer (HR, 3.97; 95% CI, 1.51-10.50; P for trend = .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study found that the association between chemerin concentration and the risk of incident CRC was linear and independent of established CRC risk factors. Further studies are warranted to evaluate chemerin as a novel immune-inflammatory agent in colorectal carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Eichelmann
- Senior Scientist Group Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam–Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam–Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Clemens Wittenbecher
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam–Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Menzel
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam–Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Weikert
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Romina di Giuseppe
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ronald Biemann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Fritsche
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nephrology, Vascular Disease and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam–Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Senior Scientist Group Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam–Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
270
|
Winkler S, Derler R, Gesslbauer B, Krieger E, Kungl AJ. Molecular dynamics simulations of the chemokine CCL2 in complex with pull down-derived heparan sulfate hexasaccharides. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:528-533. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
271
|
Nayyar G, Chu Y, Cairo MS. Overcoming Resistance to Natural Killer Cell Based Immunotherapies for Solid Tumors. Front Oncol 2019; 9:51. [PMID: 30805309 PMCID: PMC6378304 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in the diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, the prognosis of several solid tumor malignancies remains poor. Different factors associated with solid tumors including a varied genetic signature, complex molecular signaling pathways, defective cross talk between the tumor cells and immune cells, hypoxic and immunosuppressive effects of tumor microenvironment result in a treatment resistant and metastatic phenotype. Over the past several years, immunotherapy has emerged as an attractive therapeutic option against multiple malignancies. The unique ability of natural killer (NK) cells to target cancer cells without antigen specificity makes them an ideal candidate for use against solid tumors. However, the outcomes of adoptive NK cell infusions into patients with solid tumors have been disappointing. Extensive studies have been done to investigate different strategies to improve the NK cell function, trafficking and tumor targeting. Use of cytokines and cytokine analogs has been well described and utilized to enhance the proliferation, stimulation and persistence of NK cells. Other techniques like blocking the human leukocyte antigen-killer cell receptors (KIR) interactions with anti-KIR monoclonal antibodies, preventing CD16 receptor shedding, increasing the expression of activating NK cell receptors like NKG2D, and use of immunocytokines and immune checkpoint inhibitors can enhance NK cell mediated cytotoxicity. Using genetically modified NK cells with chimeric antigen receptors and bispecific and trispecific NK cell engagers, NK cells can be effectively redirected to the tumor cells improving their cytotoxic potential. In this review, we have described these strategies and highlighted the need to further optimize these strategies to improve the clinical outcome of NK cell based immunotherapy against solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Nayyar
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Yaya Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Mitchell S Cairo
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States.,Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States.,Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
272
|
Chew V, Lee YH, Pan L, Nasir NJM, Lim CJ, Chua C, Lai L, Hazirah SN, Lim TKH, Goh BKP, Chung A, Lo RHG, Ng D, Filarca RLF, Albani S, Chow PKH. Immune activation underlies a sustained clinical response to Yttrium-90 radioembolisation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut 2019; 68:335-346. [PMID: 29440463 PMCID: PMC6352403 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Yttrium-90 (Y90)-radioembolisation (RE) significantly regresses locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and delays disease progression. The current study is designed to deeply interrogate the immunological impact of Y90-RE, which elicits a sustained therapeutic response. DESIGN Time-of-flight mass cytometry and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were used to analyse the immune landscapes of tumour-infiltrating leucocytes (TILs), tumour tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at different time points before and after Y90-RE. RESULTS TILs isolated after Y90-RE exhibited signs of local immune activation: higher expression of granzyme B (GB) and infiltration of CD8+ T cells, CD56+ NK cells and CD8+ CD56+ NKT cells. NGS confirmed the upregulation of genes involved in innate and adaptive immune activation in Y90-RE-treated tumours. Chemotactic pathways involving CCL5 and CXCL16 correlated with the recruitment of activated GB+CD8+ T cells to the Y90-RE-treated tumours. When comparing PBMCs before and after Y90-RE, we observed an increase in tumour necrosis factor-α on both the CD8+ and CD4+ T cells as well as an increase in percentage of antigen-presenting cells after Y90-RE, implying a systemic immune activation. Interestingly, a high percentage of PD-1+/Tim-3+CD8+ T cells coexpressing the homing receptors CCR5 and CXCR6 denoted Y90-RE responders. A prediction model was also built to identify sustained responders to Y90-RE based on the immune profiles from pretreatment PBMCs. CONCLUSION High-dimensional analysis of tumour and systemic immune landscapes identified local and systemic immune activation that corresponded to the sustained response to Y90-RE. Potential biomarkers associated with a positive clinical response were identified and a prediction model was built to identify sustained responders prior to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Chew
- Translational Immunology Institute (TII), SingHealth-DukeNUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore.
| | - Yun Hua Lee
- Translational Immunology Institute (TII), SingHealth-DukeNUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore.
| | - Lu Pan
- Translational Immunology Institute (TII), SingHealth-DukeNUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore.
| | - Nurul J M Nasir
- Translational Immunology Institute (TII), SingHealth-DukeNUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore.
| | - Chun Jye Lim
- Translational Immunology Institute (TII), SingHealth-DukeNUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore.
| | - Camillus Chua
- Translational Immunology Institute (TII), SingHealth-DukeNUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore.
| | - Liyun Lai
- Translational Immunology Institute (TII), SingHealth-DukeNUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore.
| | - Sharifah Nur Hazirah
- Translational Immunology Institute (TII), SingHealth-DukeNUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore.
| | - Tony Kiat Hon Lim
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Brian K P Goh
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore,National Cancer Centre, Singapore,Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Alexander Chung
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore,National Cancer Centre, Singapore,Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Richard H G Lo
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore,National Cancer Centre, Singapore,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - David Ng
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore,National Cancer Centre, Singapore,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Rene L F Filarca
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore,National Cancer Centre, Singapore,Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Salvatore Albani
- Translational Immunology Institute (TII), SingHealth-DukeNUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore.
| | - Pierce K H Chow
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore,National Cancer Centre, Singapore,Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
273
|
Miyake M, Furuya H, Onishi S, Hokutan K, Anai S, Chan O, Shi S, Fujimoto K, Goodison S, Cai W, Rosser CJ. Monoclonal Antibody against CXCL1 (HL2401) as a Novel Agent in Suppressing IL6 Expression and Tumoral Growth. Theranostics 2019; 9:853-867. [PMID: 30809313 PMCID: PMC6376461 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The expression of the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), an inflammatory protein, has been reported to be up-regulated in many human cancers. The mechanisms through which aberrant cellular CXCL1 levels promote specific steps in tumor growth and progression are unknown. Methods: We described the anticancer effects and mechanism of action of HL2401, a monoclonal antibody directed at CXCL1 with in vitro and in vivo data on bladder and prostate cancers. Results: HL2401 inhibited proliferation and invasion of bladder and prostate cells along with disrupting endothelial sprouting in vitro. Furthermore, novel mechanistic investigations revealed that CXCL1 expression stimulated interleukin 6 (IL6) expression and repressed tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 4 (TIMP4). Systemic administration of HL2401 in mice bearing bladder and prostate xenograft tumors retarded tumor growth through the inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis along with an induction of apoptosis. Our findings reveal a previously undocumented relationship between CXCL1, IL6 and TIMP4 in solid tumor biology. Principal conclusions: Taken together, our results argue that CXCL1 plays an important role in sustaining the growth of bladder and prostate tumors via up-regulation of IL6 and down-regulation of TIMP4. Targeting these critical interactions with a CXCL1 monoclonal antibody offers a novel strategy to therapeutically manage bladder and prostate cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makito Miyake
- Nara Medical University, Department of Urology, Nara, Japan
| | - Hideki Furuya
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical and Translational Research, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Sayuri Onishi
- Nara Medical University, Department of Urology, Nara, Japan
| | - Kanani Hokutan
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical and Translational Research, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Satoshi Anai
- Nara Medical University, Department of Urology, Nara, Japan
| | - Owen Chan
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical and Translational Research, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Sixiang Shi
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | | | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Charles J. Rosser
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical and Translational Research, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI USA
- Nonagen Bioscience Corporation, Jacksonville, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
274
|
Zheng Z, Cai Y, Chen H, Chen Z, Zhu D, Zhong Q, Xie W. CXCL13/CXCR5 Axis Predicts Poor Prognosis and Promotes Progression Through PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2019; 8:682. [PMID: 30723697 PMCID: PMC6349755 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine ligands and their receptors play critical roles in cancer progression and patients outcomes. We found that CXCL13 was significantly upregulated in ccRCC tissues compared with normal tissues in both The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort and a validated cohort of 90 pairs ccRCC tissues. Statistical analysis showed that high CXCL13 expression related to advanced disease stage and poor prognosis in ccRCC. We also revealed that serum CXCL13 levels in ccRCC patients (n = 50) were significantly higher than in healthy controls (n = 40). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed that tissue and serum CXCL13 expression might be a diagnostic biomarker for ccRCC with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.809 and 0.704, respectively. CXCL13 was significantly associated with its receptor, CXCR5, in ccRCC tissues, and ccRCC patients in high CXCL13 high CXCR5 expression group have a worst prognosis. Functional and mechanistic study revealed that CXCL13 promoted the proliferation and migration of ccRCC cells by binding to CXCR5 and activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These results suggested that CXCL13/CXCR5 axis played a significant role in ccRCC and might be a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaosong Zheng
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Cai
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haicheng Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiliang Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingjun Zhu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyu Zhong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenlian Xie
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
275
|
Schiano C, Soricelli A, De Nigris F, Napoli C. New challenges in integrated diagnosis by imaging and osteo-immunology in bone lesions. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2019; 15:289-301. [PMID: 30570412 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2019.1561283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-resolution imaging is the gold standard to measure the functional and biological features of bone lesions. Imaging markers have allowed the characterization both of tumour heterogeneity and metabolic data. Besides, ongoing studies are evaluating a combined use of 'imaging markers', such as SUVs, MATV, TLG, ADC from PET and MRI techniques respectively, and several 'biomarkers' spanning from chemokine immune-modulators, such as PD-1, RANK/RANKL, CXCR4/CXCL12 to transcription factors, such as TP53, RB1, MDM2, RUNX family, EZH2, YY1, MAD2. Osteoimmunology may improve diagnosis and prognosis leading to precision medicine in bone lesion treatment. Areas covered: We investigated modalities (molecular and imaging approach) useful to identify bone lesions deriving both from primary bone tumours and from osteotropic tumours, which have a higher incidence, prevalence and prognosis. Here, we summarized the recent advances in imaging techniques and osteoimmunology biomarkers which could play a pivotal role in personalized treatment. Expert commentary: Although imaging and molecular integration could allow both early diagnosis and stratification of cancer prognosis, large scale clinical trials will be necessary to translate pilot studies in the current clinical setting. ABBREVIATIONS ADC: apparent diffusion coefficient; ALCAM: Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule; ALP: Alkaline phosphatases; BC: Breast cancer; BSAP: B-Cell Lineage Specific Activator; BSAP: bone-specific alkaline phosphatase; BSP: bone sialoprotein; CRIP1: cysteine-rich intestinal protein 1; CD44: cluster of differentiation 44; CT: computed tomography; CXCL12: C-X-C motif ligand 12; CXCR4: C-X-C C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4; CTLA-4: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4; CTX-1: C-terminal end of the telopeptide of type I collagen; DC: dendritic cell; DWI: Diffusion-weighted MR image; EMT: mesenchymal transition; ET-1: endothelin-1; FDA: Food and Drug Administration; FDG: 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose; FGF: fibroblast growth factor; FOXC2: forkhead box protein C2: HK-2: hexokinase-2; ICTP: carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen; IGF-1R: Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor; ILC: innate lymphocytes cells; LC: lung cancer; IL-1: interleukin-1; LYVE1: lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor 1; MAD2: mitotic arrest deficient 2; MATV: metabolically active tumour volume; M-CSF: macrophage colony stimulating factor; MM: multiple myeloma; MIP1a: macrophage inflammatory protein 1a; MSC: mesenchymal stem cell; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; PC: prostate cancer; NRP2: neuropilin 2; OPG: osteoprotogerin; PDGF: platelet-derived growth factor; PD-1: Programmed Cell Death 1; PET: positron emission tomography; PINP: procollagen type I N propeptide; PROX1: prospero homeobox protein 1; PSA: Prostate-specific antigen; PTH: parathyroid hormone; RANK: Receptor activator of NF-kB ligand; RECK: Reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein; SEMAs: semaphorins; SPECT: single photon computed tomography; SUV: standard uptake value; TLG: total lesion glycolysis; TP53: tumour protein 53; VCAM-1: vascular endothelial molecule-1; VOI: volume of interest; YY1: Yin Yang 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Schiano
- a Department of Biochemical and Clinical Diagnostic , IRCCS SDN , Naples , Italy
| | - Andrea Soricelli
- a Department of Biochemical and Clinical Diagnostic , IRCCS SDN , Naples , Italy.,b Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness , University of Naples Parthenope , Naples , Italy
| | - Filomena De Nigris
- c Department of Precision Medicine , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Naples , Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- a Department of Biochemical and Clinical Diagnostic , IRCCS SDN , Naples , Italy.,d Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatric Sciences , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Naples , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
276
|
Tokarew N, Ogonek J, Endres S, von Bergwelt-Baildon M, Kobold S. Teaching an old dog new tricks: next-generation CAR T cells. Br J Cancer 2019; 120:26-37. [PMID: 30413825 PMCID: PMC6325111 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0325-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) refers to the therapeutic use of T cells. T cells genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) constitute the most clinically advanced form of ACT approved to date for the treatment of CD19-positive leukaemias and lymphomas. CARs are synthetic receptors that are able to confer antigen-binding and activating functions on T cells with the aim of therapeutically targeting cancer cells. Several factors are essential for CAR T cell therapy to be effective, such as recruitment, activation, expansion and persistence of bioengineered T cells at the tumour site. Despite the advances made in CAR T cell therapy, however, most tumour entities still escape immune detection and elimination. A number of strategies counteracting these problems will need to be addressed in order to render T cell therapy effective in more situations than currently possible. Non-haematological tumours are also the subject of active investigation, but ACT has so far shown only marginal success rates in these cases. New approaches are needed to enhance the ability of ACT to target solid tumours without increasing toxicity, by improving recognition, infiltration, and persistence within tumours, as well as an enhanced resistance to the suppressive tumour microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Tokarew
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Klinikum der Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 2a, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Justyna Ogonek
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Klinikum der Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 2a, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Endres
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Klinikum der Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 2a, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Kobold
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Klinikum der Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 2a, 80337, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
277
|
Forsthuber A, Lipp K, Andersen L, Ebersberger S, Graña-Castro 'O, Ellmeier W, Petzelbauer P, Lichtenberger BM, Loewe R. CXCL5 as Regulator of Neutrophil Function in Cutaneous Melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:186-194. [PMID: 30009831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines mold the tumor microenvironment by recruiting distinct immune cell populations, thereby strongly influencing disease progression. Previously, we showed that CXCL5 expression is upregulated in advanced stages of primary melanomas, which correlates with the presence of neutrophils in the tumor. The analysis of neutrophil populations in various tissues revealed a distinct phenotype of tumor-associated neutrophils. Tumor-associated neutrophils expressed PD-L1, CXCR4, CCR5, Adam17, and Nos2 and were immunosuppressive in a T-cell proliferation assay. To investigate the impact of CXCL5 and neutrophils in vivo, we established a syngeneic mouse tumor transplantation model using CXCL5-overexpressing and control melanoma cell lines. Growth behavior or vascularization of primary tumors was not affected by CXCL5 expression and neutrophils alone. However, in combination with Poly(I:C), tumor-associated neutrophils were able to attenuate induced antitumoral T-cell responses. CXCL5-overexpressing tumors had reduced lung metastasis compared with control tumors. Neutrophil depletion reversed this effect. In vitro, unstimulated lung-derived neutrophils had higher levels of reactive oxygen species compared with tumor-associated neutrophils, and CXCL5 stimulation further increased reactive oxygen species levels. In summary, in melanoma, neutrophils play a context-dependent role that is influenced by local or systemic factors, and interfere with therapies activating the acquired immune system. Actively switching neutrophils into antitumorigenic mode might be a new therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Forsthuber
- Skin and Endothelium Research Division (SERD), Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Lipp
- Skin and Endothelium Research Division (SERD), Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Liisa Andersen
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - 'Osvaldo Graña-Castro
- Bioinformatics Unit, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Petzelbauer
- Skin and Endothelium Research Division (SERD), Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Division of General Dermatology and Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Beate M Lichtenberger
- Skin and Endothelium Research Division (SERD), Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Loewe
- Skin and Endothelium Research Division (SERD), Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Division of General Dermatology and Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
278
|
Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors: Orchestrating Tumor Metastasization. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 20:ijms20010096. [PMID: 30591657 PMCID: PMC6337330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis still represents the primary cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Chemokine signalling contributes to the overall process of cancer growth and metastasis, and their expression in both primary tumors and metastatic lesions correlate with prognosis. Chemokines promote tumor metastasization by directly supporting cancer cell survival and invasion, angiogenesis, and by indirectly shaping the pre-metastatic niches and antitumor immunity. Here, we will focus on the relevant chemokine/chemokine receptor axes that have been described to drive the metastatic process. We elaborate on their role in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis and immune cell recruitment at both the primary tumor lesions and the pre-metastatic foci. Furthermore, we also discuss the advantages and limits of current pharmacological strategies developed to target chemokine networks for cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
279
|
Bridge JA, Lee JC, Daud A, Wells JW, Bluestone JA. Cytokines, Chemokines, and Other Biomarkers of Response for Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Skin Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:351. [PMID: 30631766 PMCID: PMC6315146 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy for skin malignancies has ushered in a new era for cancer treatments by demonstrating unprecedented durable responses in the setting of metastatic Melanoma. Consequently, checkpoint inhibitors are now the first-line treatment of metastatic melanoma and widely used as adjuvant therapy for stage III disease. With the observation that higher tumor mutational burden correlates with a better response, checkpoint inhibitors are tested in other skin cancer types of known high tumor mutational burden with promising results and recently became the first-ever FDA-approved treatment for metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma. The emerging new standards-of-care will necessitate more precise biomarkers and predictors for treatment response and immune-related adverse events. Measurable immune-related mediators are currently under investigation as factors that promote or block the response to cancer immunotherapy and may provide insights into the underlying immune response to the tumor. Cytokines and chemokines are such mediators and are crucial for facilitating the recruitment and activation of specific subsets of leukocytes within the microenvironment of skin cancers. The exact mechanisms of how these meditators, both immunological and non-immunological, operate in the tumor microenvironment is an area of active research, so to reliable biomarkers of responses to cancer immunotherapy. Here, we will review and summarize the expanding body of literature for immune-related biomarkers pertaining to Melanoma, Basal cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma, highlighting clinically relevant checkpoint inhibitor therapy biomarker advancements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Bridge
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - James C Lee
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Adil Daud
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - James W Wells
- The Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jeffrey A Bluestone
- Sean N. Parker Autoimmune Research Laboratory, Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
280
|
Natsagdorj A, Izumi K, Hiratsuka K, Machioka K, Iwamoto H, Naito R, Makino T, Kadomoto S, Shigehara K, Kadono Y, Lin WJ, Maolake A, Mizokami A. CCL2 induces resistance to the antiproliferative effect of cabazitaxel in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2018; 110:279-288. [PMID: 30426599 PMCID: PMC6317938 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of chemoresistance and disease progression in patients with prostate cancer is important for developing novel treatment strategies. In particular, developing resistance to cabazitaxel is a major challenge in patients with docetaxel-resistant and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) because cabazitaxel is often administered as a last resort. However, the mechanism by which cabazitaxel resistance develops is still unclear. C-C motif chemokine ligands (CCL) were shown to contribute to the castration resistance of prostate cancer cells via an autocrine mechanism. Therefore, we focused on CCL as key factors of chemoresistance in prostate cancer cells. We previously established a cabazitaxel-resistant cell line, DU145-TxR/CxR, from a previously established paclitaxel-resistant cell line, DU145-TxR. cDNA microarray analysis revealed that the expression of CCL2 was upregulated in both DU145-TxR and DU145-TxR/CxR cells compared with DU145 cells. The secreted CCL2 protein level in DU145-TxR and DU145-TxR/CxR cells was also higher than in parental DU145 cells. The stimulation of DU145 cells with CCL2 increased the proliferation rate under treatments with cabazitaxel, and a CCR2 (a specific receptor of CCL2) antagonist suppressed the proliferation of DU145-TxR and DU145-TxR/CxR cells under treatments of cabazitaxel. The CCL2-CCR2 axis decreased apoptosis through the inhibition of caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). CCL2 is apparently a key contributor to cabazitaxel resistance in prostate cancer cells. Inhibition of the CCL2-CCR2 axis may be a potential therapeutic strategy against chemoresistant CRPC in combination with cabazitaxel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariunbold Natsagdorj
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kouji Izumi
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kaoru Hiratsuka
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Machioka
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Iwamoto
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Renato Naito
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Makino
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Suguru Kadomoto
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Shigehara
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kadono
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Wen-Jye Lin
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Aerken Maolake
- Departments of Cancer Genetics and Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Atsushi Mizokami
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
281
|
Césaire M, Thariat J, Candéias SM, Stefan D, Saintigny Y, Chevalier F. Combining PARP inhibition, radiation, and immunotherapy: A possible strategy to improve the treatment of cancer? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123793. [PMID: 30487462 PMCID: PMC6321381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the practice of oncology, improving survival in certain groups of patients with cancer. Immunotherapy can synergize with radiation therapy, increase locoregional control, and have abscopal effects. Combining it with other treatments, such as targeted therapies, is a promising means of improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. Because the value of immunotherapy is amplified with the expression of tumor antigens, coupling poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and immunotherapy might be a promising treatment for cancer. Further, PARP inhibitors (PARPis) are being combined with radiation therapy to inhibit DNA repair functions, thus enhancing the effects of radiation; this association might interact with the antitumor immune response. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are central to the antitumor immune response. PARP inhibitors and ionizing radiation can enhance the infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes into the tumor bed, but they can also enhance PD-1/PDL-1 expression. Thus, the addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors with PARP inhibitors and/or ionizing radiation could counterbalance such immunosuppressive effects. With the present review article, we proposed to evaluate some of these associated therapies, and we explored the biological mechanisms and medical benefits of the potential combination of radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and PARP inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Césaire
- LARIA, iRCM, François Jacob Institute, DRF-CEA, 14076 Caen, France.
- UMR6252 CIMAP, CEA - CNRS - ENSICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie, 14076 Caen, France.
- Radiotherapy Unit, Centre François Baclesse, 14000 Caen, France.
| | - Juliette Thariat
- Radiotherapy Unit, Centre François Baclesse, 14000 Caen, France.
| | - Serge M Candéias
- ProMD, Chemistry and Biology of Metals Laboratory, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, BIG-LCBM, 38054 Grenoble, France.
| | - Dinu Stefan
- Radiotherapy Unit, Centre François Baclesse, 14000 Caen, France.
| | - Yannick Saintigny
- LARIA, iRCM, François Jacob Institute, DRF-CEA, 14076 Caen, France.
- UMR6252 CIMAP, CEA - CNRS - ENSICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie, 14076 Caen, France.
| | - François Chevalier
- LARIA, iRCM, François Jacob Institute, DRF-CEA, 14076 Caen, France.
- UMR6252 CIMAP, CEA - CNRS - ENSICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie, 14076 Caen, France.
| |
Collapse
|
282
|
Li DD, Yang C, Shao ZM, Yu KD. Effect of functional genetic variants in chemokine decoy receptors on the recurrence risk of breast cancer. Cancer Med 2018; 7:5497-5504. [PMID: 30358125 PMCID: PMC6247033 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Duffy antigen receptor for chemokine (DARC) and CCBP2, the two members of chemokine decoy receptor family, restrain cell proliferation and invasion through sequestrating cytotoxic chemokines. Our previous research clarified two functional nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs12075 in DARC and rs2228468 in CCBP2 were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis. However, the role of their genetic variations on survival of breast cancer remains unclear. In the present study, rs12075 in DARC and rs2228468 in CCBP2 were genotyped in 806 patients with primary breast cancer. The endpoint was recurrence‐free survival (RFS). Cox regression model was used to explore the association between SNPs and patients’ survival. The results revealed that participants with GG genotype in rs12075 appeared a higher recurrence risk compared with AG/AA genotype after adjustment with clinical parameters including lymph node status (AG+AA vs GG: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31‐0.93, P = 0.027). Furthermore, subgroup analysis revealed that GG genotype frequency of rs12075 had a positive correlation with RFS compared with AG/AA genotype (AG+AA vs GG: HR = 0.22, 95% CI, 0.05‐0.91, P = 0.021) in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype but not in other subtypes. No significant association between the genotypic variants and relapse risk was found in rs2228468 (AC+AA vs CC: HR = 0.80, 95% CI, 0.56‐1.14, P = 0.222). There was also no significant difference in survival among rs2228468 polymorphism in any subtypes. Our study suggested that rs12075 could be served as a key predictive factor of recurrence risk in breast cancer, especially for TNBC subtype. Further researches to monitor SNPs will provide further opportunities to determine clinical prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dou-Dou Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Da Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
283
|
Casagrande N, Borghese C, Visser L, Mongiat M, Colombatti A, Aldinucci D. CCR5 antagonism by maraviroc inhibits Hodgkin lymphoma microenvironment interactions and xenograft growth. Haematologica 2018; 104:564-575. [PMID: 30309853 PMCID: PMC6395337 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.196725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma tumor cells express a functional CCR5 receptor, and tumor tissues express high CCL5 levels, suggesting that CCL5-CCR5 signaling is involved in tumor-microenvironment formation and tumor growth. Using the CCR5 antagonist, maraviroc, and a neutralizing anti-CCL5 antibody, we found that CCL5 secreted by classic Hodgkin lymphoma cells recruited mesenchymal stromal cells and monocytes. The “education” of mesenchymal stromal cells by tumor cell-conditioned medium enhanced mesenchymal stromal cells’ proliferation and CCL5 secretion. In turn, educated mesenchymal stromal cell-conditioned medium increased the clonogenic growth of tumor cells and monocyte migration, but these effects were reduced by maraviroc. Monocyte education by tumor cell-conditioned medium induced their growth and reprogrammed them towards immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages that expressed IDO and PD-L1 and secreted IL-10, CCL17 and TGF-β. Educated monocyte-conditioned medium slowed the growth of phytohemagglutinin-activated lymphocytes. Maraviroc decreased tumor cell growth and synergized with doxorubicin and brentuximab vedotin. A three-dimensional heterospheroid assay showed that maraviroc counteracted both the formation and viability of heterospheroids generated by co-cultivation of tumor cells with mesenchymal stromal cells and monocytes. In mice bearing tumor cell xenografts, maraviroc reduced tumor growth by more than 50% and inhibited monocyte accumulation, without weight loss. Finally, in classic Hodgkin lymphoma human tumor tissues, CCL5 and CD68 expression correlated positively, and patients with high CCL5 levels had poor prognosis. In conclusion, since the present challenges are to find molecules counteracting the formation of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment or new, less toxic drug combinations, the repurposed drug maraviroc may represent a new opportunity for classic Hodgkin lym phoma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naike Casagrande
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Cinzia Borghese
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Lydia Visser
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen (UMcG), the Netherlands
| | - Maurizio Mongiat
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Alfonso Colombatti
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Donatella Aldinucci
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
284
|
D'Agostino G, Cecchinato V, Uguccioni M. Chemokine Heterocomplexes and Cancer: A Novel Chapter to Be Written in Tumor Immunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2185. [PMID: 30319638 PMCID: PMC6167476 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Infiltrating immune cells are a key component of the tumor microenvironment and play central roles in dictating tumor fate, either promoting anti-tumor immune responses, or sustaining tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. A distinctive microenvironment is often associated to different tumor types, with substantial differences in prognosis. The production of a variety of chemotactic factors by cancer and stromal cells orchestrates cell recruitment, local immune responses or cancer progression. In the last decades, different studies have highlighted how chemotactic cues, and in particular chemokines, can act as natural antagonists or induce synergistic effects on selective receptors by forming heterocomplexes, thus shaping migratory responses of immune cells. A variety of chemokines has been described to be able to form heterocomplexes both in vitro and in vivo under inflammatory conditions, but nowadays little is known on the presence and relevance of heterocomplexes in the tumor microenvironment. In recent years, the alarmin HMGB1, which can be massively released within the tumor microenvironment, has also been described to form a complex with the chemokine CXCL12 enhancing CXCR4-mediated signaling, thus providing an additional regulation of the activity of the chemokine system. In the present review, we will discuss the current knowledge on the synergy occurring between chemokines or inflammatory molecules, and describe the multiple functions exerted by the chemokines expressed in the tumor microenvironment, pointing our attention to the synergism as a possible modulator of tumor suppression or progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca D'Agostino
- Laboratory of Chemokines in Immunity, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Valentina Cecchinato
- Laboratory of Chemokines in Immunity, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Mariagrazia Uguccioni
- Laboratory of Chemokines in Immunity, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
285
|
Zeng A, Yin J, Wang Z, Zhang C, Li R, Zhang Z, Yan W, You Y. miR-17-5p-CXCL14 axis related transcriptome profile and clinical outcome in diffuse gliomas. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1510277. [PMID: 30524906 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1510277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
GBM tissues are comprised of not only tumor cells but also tumor-associated nontumor cells, such as stromal cells and immune cells, which dilute the purity of glioma cells and function in glioma biology. However, the roles of miRNAs in modulating glioma purity are not clarified. In total, 838 glioma samples with transcriptome data, including 537 RNAseq data from TCGA project and 301 microarray data from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA project), were recruited into our investigation. Tumor purity, molecular subtypes and IDH status were also available. R language was employed as the main tool for statistical analysis and graphical work. Screening miRNA profiling and paired TCGA samples' transcriptome data demonstrates that miR-17-5p expression harbors the most significant positive correlation with glioma purity among all miRNAs. CXCL14 shows robust negative correlation with miR-17-5p expression in TCGA and CGGA dataset. miR-17-5p directly targets CXCL14 and functions as a tumor-suppressor of GBM. CXCL14 showed lower expression in proneural subtype and may contribute as a potential marker for proneural subtype in glioma. Genes markedly correlated with CXCL14 are involved in essential functions associated with anti-tumor immune process. CXCL14 has a strong correlation with immune(T cells, Monocytic lineage and Neutrophils) and Fibroblasts within glioma environment. miR-17-5p and CXCL14 exhibited predictive values for high-grade glioma(HGG) patients: Higher miR-17-5p indicated significantly longer survival while lower CXCL14 indicated longer survival. Our results highlight the importance of the miR-17-5p-CXCL14 axis in regulating key steps of anti-tumor immune process and may serve as potential targets of immune treatments for gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailiang Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.,Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jianxin Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Chuanbao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhuoran Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yongping You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
286
|
Idorn M, Thor Straten P. Chemokine Receptors and Exercise to Tackle the Inadequacy of T Cell Homing to the Tumor Site. Cells 2018; 7:E108. [PMID: 30126117 PMCID: PMC6115859 DOI: 10.3390/cells7080108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
While cancer immune therapy has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic disease across a wide range of cancer diagnoses, a major limiting factor remains with regard to relying on adequate homing of anti-tumor effector cells to the tumor site both prior to and after therapy. Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of autologous T cells have improved the outlook of patients with metastatic melanoma. Prior to the approval of checkpoint inhibitors, this strategy was the most promising. However, while response rates of up to 50% have been reported, this strategy is still rather crude. Thus, improvements are needed and within reach. A hallmark of the developing tumor is the evasion of immune destruction. Achieved through the recruitment of immune suppressive cell subsets, upregulation of inhibitory receptors and the development of physical and chemical barriers (such as poor vascularization and hypoxia) leaves the microenvironment a hostile destination for anti-tumor T cells. In this paper, we review the emerging strategies of improving the homing of effector T cells (TILs, CARs, TCR engineered T cells, etc.) through genetic engineering with chemokine receptors matching the chemokines of the tumor microenvironment. While this strategy has proven successful in several preclinical models of cancer and the strategy has moved into the first phase I/II clinical trial in humans, most of these studies show a modest (doubling) increase in tumor infiltration of effector cells, which raises the question of whether road blocks must be tackled for efficient homing. We propose a role for physical exercise in modulating the tumor microenvironment and preparing the platform for infiltration of anti-tumor immune cells. In a time of personalized medicine and genetic engineering, this "old tool" may be a way to augment efficacy and the depth of response to immune therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manja Idorn
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Herlev Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730 Herlev, Denmark.
| | - Per Thor Straten
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Herlev Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730 Herlev, Denmark.
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
287
|
McAuley JR, Freeman TJ, Ekambaram P, Lucas PC, McAllister-Lucas LM. CARMA3 Is a Critical Mediator of G Protein-Coupled Receptor and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-Driven Solid Tumor Pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1887. [PMID: 30158935 PMCID: PMC6104486 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The CARMA–Bcl10–MALT1 (CBM) signalosome is an intracellular protein complex composed of a CARMA scaffolding protein, the Bcl10 linker protein, and the MALT1 protease. This complex was first recognized because the genes encoding its components are targeted by mutation and chromosomal translocation in lymphoid malignancy. We now know that the CBM signalosome plays a critical role in normal lymphocyte function by mediating antigen receptor-dependent activation of the pro-inflammatory, pro-survival NF-κB transcription factor, and that deregulation of this signaling complex promotes B-cell lymphomagenesis. More recently, we and others have demonstrated that a CBM signalosome also operates in cells outside of the immune system, including in several solid tumors. While CARMA1 (also referred to as CARD11) is expressed primarily within lymphoid tissues, the related scaffolding protein, CARMA3 (CARD10), is more widely expressed and participates in a CARMA3-containing CBM complex in a variety of cell types. The CARMA3-containing CBM complex operates downstream of specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and/or growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Since inappropriate expression and activation of GPCRs and/or RTKs underlies the pathogenesis of several solid tumors, there is now great interest in elucidating the contribution of CARMA3-mediated cellular signaling in these malignancies. Here, we summarize the key discoveries leading to our current understanding of the role of CARMA3 in solid tumor biology and highlight the current gaps in our knowledge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Randall McAuley
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Tanner J Freeman
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Prasanna Ekambaram
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Peter C Lucas
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Linda M McAllister-Lucas
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
288
|
Cheng B, Yuan WE, Su J, Liu Y, Chen J. Recent advances in small molecule based cancer immunotherapy. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:582-598. [PMID: 30125720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has been increasingly utilized for the treatment of cancer. Currently available cancer immunotherapies mainly involve the use of antibodies, which have advantages in terms of pharmacodynamics such as efficacy and specificity, however, they exhibit disadvantages in regard to the pharmacokinetics including but not limited to poor tissue and tumor penetration, very long half-life, and the lack of oral bioavailability. Also they are immunogenic and may cause undesired side effects. In addition, they are difficult and expensive to produce. In contrast to therapeutic antibodies, small molecule immuno-oncology agents generally have favorable pharmacokinetics, for example, better oral bioavailability, higher tissue and tumor penetration, reasonable half-lives etc. Furthermore, some small molecules are highly selective and efficacious with benign toxicity profiles. Therefore, small molecule immuno-oncology agents have the potential to overcome the drawbacks of therapeutic antibodies, and they can complement existing therapeutic antibodies and may also be used in combination with antibodies to achieve synergistic effects. In this article, we summarize the current advances in the field of small molecule approaches in tumor immunology which include the small molecules in clinical trials and preclinical studies, and the reported crystal structures of small molecules and their target proteins as well as the binding interactions between small molecules and the targets. The tumorigenesis mechanism of different targets (the programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1(PD1/PD-L1), retinoic acid-related orphan receptor-gamma t (RORγt), Chemokine receptor, Stimulator of Interferon Genes (Sting), Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), toll-like receptors (TLR) etc.) are also elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wei-En Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univerisity, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jing Su
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univerisity, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jianjun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
289
|
CXCR3-deficient natural killer cells fail to migrate to B16F10 melanoma cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 63:66-73. [PMID: 30075430 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells eliminate cancer cells in a contact-dependent manner. However, how NK cells find cancer cells remain unclear. Here, using time-lapse imaging, we investigated how individual NK cells migrate toward cancer cells. Although naïve B16F10 cancer cells produce low levels of chemokines, IFN-γ-treated B16F10 cells secreted high levels of CXCL10, low levels of CCL5, but did not secrete CCL2, CCL7, or CXCL12. Wild-type NK cells migrated well toward cancer cells and killed them, whereas NK cells deficient in CXCR3 did not. CXCR3-deficient NK cells also showed slower migration speed than did wild-type NK cells. Taken together, our data show that NK cells find cancer cells, at least in part, by sensing CXCL10 produced by cancer cells and suggest that a strategy to increase CXCL10 secretion by cancer cells may improve the efficacy of NK cell-based immunotherapy.
Collapse
|
290
|
Eguchi R, Karim MB, Hu P, Sato T, Ono N, Kanaya S, Altaf-Ul-Amin M. An integrative network-based approach to identify novel disease genes and pathways: a case study in the context of inflammatory bowel disease. BMC Bioinformatics 2018; 19:264. [PMID: 30005591 PMCID: PMC6043997 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-018-2251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are different and complicated associations between genes and diseases. Finding the causal associations between genes and specific diseases is still challenging. In this work we present a method to predict novel associations of genes and pathways with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by integrating information of differential gene expression, protein-protein interaction and known disease genes related to IBD. RESULTS We downloaded IBD gene expression data from NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus, performed statistical analysis to determine differentially expressed genes, collected known IBD genes from DisGeNet database, which were used to construct a IBD related PPI network with HIPPIE database. We adapted our graph-based clustering algorithm DPClusO to cluster the disease PPI network. We evaluated the statistical significance of the identified clusters in the context of determining the richness of IBD genes using Fisher's exact test and predicted novel genes related to IBD. We showed 93.8% of our predictions are correct in the context of other databases and published literatures related to IBD. CONCLUSIONS Finding disease-causing genes is necessary for developing drugs with synergistic effect targeting many genes simultaneously. Here we present an approach to identify novel disease genes and pathways and discuss our approach in the context of IBD. The approach can be generalized to find disease-associated genes for other diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Eguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology & NAIST Data Science Center, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Mohammand Bozlul Karim
- Graduate School of Science and Technology & NAIST Data Science Center, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Pingzhao Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,George and Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Tetsuo Sato
- Graduate School of Science and Technology & NAIST Data Science Center, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan.,Department of Radiological Technology, Gunma Prefectural College of Health Sciences, Gunma, Japan
| | - Naoaki Ono
- Graduate School of Science and Technology & NAIST Data Science Center, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Kanaya
- Graduate School of Science and Technology & NAIST Data Science Center, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Md Altaf-Ul-Amin
- Graduate School of Science and Technology & NAIST Data Science Center, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
291
|
Ma X, Xiong Y, Lee LTO. Application of Nanoparticles for Targeting G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2006. [PMID: 29996469 PMCID: PMC6073629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted unequivocal attention in recent years due to their potential applications in therapeutics, bio-imaging and material sciences. For drug delivery, NP-based carrier systems offer several advantages over conventional methods. When conjugated with ligands and drugs (or other therapeutic molecules), administrated NPs are able to deliver cargo to targeted sites through ligand-receptor recognition. Such targeted delivery is especially important in cancer therapy. Through this targeted cancer nanotherapy, cancer cells are killed with higher specificity, while the healthy cells are spared. Furthermore, NP drug delivery leads to improved drug load, enhanced drug solubility and stability, and controlled drug release. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a superfamily of cell transmembrane receptors. They regulate a plethora of physiological processes through ligand-receptor-binding-induced signaling transduction. With recent evidence unveiling their roles in cancer, GPCR agonists and antagonists have quickly become new targets in cancer therapy. This review focuses on the application of some notable nanomaterials, such as dendrimers, quantum dots, gold nanoparticles, and magnetic nanoparticles, in GPCR-related cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ma
- Centre of Reproduction Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Yunfang Xiong
- Centre of Reproduction Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Leo Tsz On Lee
- Centre of Reproduction Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
| |
Collapse
|
292
|
Du L, Han XG, Tu B, Wang MQ, Qiao H, Zhang SH, Fan QM, Tang TT. CXCR1/Akt signaling activation induced by mesenchymal stem cell-derived IL-8 promotes osteosarcoma cell anoikis resistance and pulmonary metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:714. [PMID: 29915309 PMCID: PMC6006172 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0745-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The loss of appropriate cell adhesion normally induces apoptosis via a process termed anoikis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the cancer microenvironment on the anoikis resistance and pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma (OS) cells, and to evaluate the critical role of the interleukin (IL)-8/C-X-C chemokine receptor (CXCR) 1/Akt-signaling pathway in these processes. Metastatic OS subtype cells, which did or did not interact with MSC-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) in vitro, were isolated from the pulmonary site and named Saos2-lung-M. Both MSC-CM and IL-8 treatment increased the anoikis resistance of Saos2 cells in vitro. Moreover, exogenous MSC-CM promoted the survival and metastasis of Saos2 cells in nude mice. Saos2-lung-M cells were more malignant and resistant to anoikis than parental cells. MSCs secreted IL-8, thereby protecting OS cells from anoikis. Blocking the IL-8/CXCR1/Akt pathway via CXCR1 knockdown inhibited the pulmonary metastasis of Saos2-lung-MSCs and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. In conclusion, MSCs enhanced OS cell resistance to anoikis and pulmonary metastasis via regulation of the IL-8/CXCR1/Akt pathway. These findings suggest that MSCs can “select for” OS cells with high metastatic potential in vivo, and highlight CXCR1 as a key target in the regulation of pulmonary metastasis of OS cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Guo Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Tu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min-Qi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Qiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Hong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Ming Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ting-Ting Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
293
|
Zhao H, Chen D, Cao R, Wang S, Yu D, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Xu M, Luo J, Wang S. Alcohol consumption promotes colorectal carcinoma metastasis via a CCL5-induced and AMPK-pathway-mediated activation of autophagy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8640. [PMID: 29872080 PMCID: PMC5988731 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a definite relationship between alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) development. We investigated effect of alcohol consumption on CRC patients’ progression and prognosis by utilizing epidemiological data and found patients with alcohol consumption increased risks of tumor-node-metastasis (TNM), organ metastasis and poorer prognosis. Because their tumor tissues displayed increased expression of C-C chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), we hypothesized CCL5 might participate in cancer progression in such patients. Ethanol increased the secretion of CCL5 in two CRC cell lines, HT29 and DLD-1. Treatment with CCL5 directly increased migratory ability of these cells, whereas neutralization or knockdown of CCL5 can partially block alcohol-stimulated migration. We further investigated underlying mechanism of CCL5-induced migration. Our results indicated that effects of CCL5 on migration are mediated by the ability of CCL5 to induce autophagy, a cellular process known to be critical for migration. Using high-throughput sequencing and western blotting, we found induction of autophagy by CCL5 takes place via AMPK pathway. Aforementioned ethanol increases CCL5 secretion, CCL5 activates autophagy through AMPK pathway, and autophagy increases migration was confirmed by experiments with autophagy or AMPK inhibitors. To sum up, our study demonstrates that chronic alcohol consumption may promote metastasis of CRC through CCL5-induced autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Danlei Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Shiqing Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Dandan Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yakun Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mei Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536, USA
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536, USA.
| | - Siying Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
294
|
|
295
|
Idorn M, Skadborg SK, Kellermann L, Halldórsdóttir HR, Holmen Olofsson G, Met Ö, Thor Straten P. Chemokine receptor engineering of T cells with CXCR2 improves homing towards subcutaneous human melanomas in xenograft mouse model. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1450715. [PMID: 30221044 PMCID: PMC6136860 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1450715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using in vitro expanded tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) from biopsy material represents a highly promising treatment of disseminated cancer. A crucial prerequisite for successful ACT is sufficient recruitment of transferred lymphocytes to the tumor site; however, despite infusion of billions of lymphocytes, T cell infiltration into the tumor post ACT is limited. By PCR and Luminex analyses we found that a majority of malignant melanoma (MM) cell lines expressed chemokines CXCL1/Groα, CXCL8/IL-8, CXCL12/SDF-1 and CCL2. Concerning expression of the corresponding receptors on T cells, only the IL-8 receptor, CXCR2, was not expressed on T cells. CXCR2 was therefore expressed in T cells by lentiviral transduction, and shown to lead to ligand specific transwell migration of engineered T cells, as well as increased migration towards MM conditioned medium. In vivo homing was assessed in a xenograft NOG mouse model. Mice with subcutaneous human melanoma were treated with MAGE-A3 specific T cells transduced with either CXCR2 or MOCK. Transducing T cells carrying the MAGE-A3a3a high affinity T cell receptor with CXCR2 increased tumor infiltration. Flow cytometry analysis 7 days after ACT showed a doubling in CD3+ T cells in tumor digest of mice receiving CXCR2 transduced T cells compared to MOCK treated mice, a finding confirmed by immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, our CXCR2 transduced T cells are functional in vitro and transduction with CXCR2 increases in vivo homing of T cells to tumor site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manja Idorn
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Signe Koggersbøl Skadborg
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Lauge Kellermann
- Department of Pathology, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Gitte Holmen Olofsson
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Özcan Met
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Thor Straten
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
296
|
Huck BR, Kötzner L, Urbahns K. Kleine Moleküle, ganz groß: niedermolekulare immunonkologische Kombinationstherapien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bayard R. Huck
- Healthcare R&D, Discovery Technologies, Merck KGaA; Frankfurter Straße 250 64293 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Lisa Kötzner
- Healthcare R&D, Discovery Technologies, Merck KGaA; Frankfurter Straße 250 64293 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Klaus Urbahns
- Healthcare R&D, Discovery Technologies, Merck KGaA; Frankfurter Straße 250 64293 Darmstadt Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
297
|
Huck BR, Kötzner L, Urbahns K. Small Molecules Drive Big Improvements in Immuno-Oncology Therapies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4412-4428. [PMID: 28971564 PMCID: PMC5900885 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immuno-oncology therapies have the potential to revolutionize the armamentarium of available cancer treatments. To further improve clinical response rates, researchers are looking for novel combination regimens, with checkpoint blockade being used as a backbone of the treatment. This Review highlights the significance of small molecules in this approach, which holds promise to provide increased benefit to cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bayard R. Huck
- Healthcare R&D, Discovery Technologies, Merck KGaAFrankfurter Strasse 25064293DarmstadtGermany
| | - Lisa Kötzner
- Healthcare R&D, Discovery Technologies, Merck KGaAFrankfurter Strasse 25064293DarmstadtGermany
| | - Klaus Urbahns
- Healthcare R&D, Discovery Technologies, Merck KGaAFrankfurter Strasse 25064293DarmstadtGermany
| |
Collapse
|
298
|
Bhatia R, Kavanagh K, Stewart J, Moncur S, Serrano I, Cong D, Cubie HA, Haas JG, Busby-Earle C, Williams ARW, Howie SEM, Cuschieri K. Host chemokine signature as a biomarker for the detection of pre-cancerous cervical lesions. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18548-18558. [PMID: 29719625 PMCID: PMC5915092 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ability to distinguish which hrHPV infections predispose to significant disease is ever more pressing as a result of the increasing move to hrHPV testing for primary cervical screening. A risk-stratifier or “triage” of infection should ideally be objective and suitable for automation given the scale of screening. Results CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CXCL1, CXCL8 and CXCL12 emerged as the strongest, candidate biomarkers to detect underlying disease [cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+)]. For CIN2+, CCL2 had the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.722 with a specificity of 82%. A combined biomarker panel of six chemokines CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CXCL1, CXCL8, and CXCL12 provides a sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 67%. Conclusion The present work demonstrates that the levels of five chemokine-proteins are indicative of underlying disease. We demonstrate technical feasibility and promising clinical performance of a chemokine-based biomarker panel, equivalent to that of other triage options. Further assessment in longitudinal series is now warranted. Methods A panel of 31 chemokines were investigated for expression in routinely taken archived and prospective cervical liquid based cytology (LBC) samples using Human Chemokine Proteomic Array kit. Nine chemokines were further validated using Procartaplex assay on the Luminex platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Bhatia
- Human Papillomavirus Research Group, Division of Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kim Kavanagh
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Strathclyde University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - June Stewart
- Centre for Inflammation research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Moncur
- Centre for Inflammation research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Itziar Serrano
- Division of Infection and Pathway Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Duanduan Cong
- Centre for Inflammation research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Heather A Cubie
- Global Health Academy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Juergen G Haas
- Division of Infection and Pathway Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Camille Busby-Earle
- Simpson Centre for Reproductive Health, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair R W Williams
- Simpson Centre for Reproductive Health, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E M Howie
- Centre for Inflammation research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Cuschieri
- Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, NHS Lothian, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
299
|
Abron JD, Singh NP, Murphy AE, Mishra MK, Price RL, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti PS, Singh UP. Differential role of CXCR3 in inflammation and colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:17928-17936. [PMID: 29707158 PMCID: PMC5915166 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines (CXCR3) and their ligands (CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11) exert exquisite control over T-cell trafficking and are critical for activation, differentiation and effector T cell function. CXCR3 is important for CD4 Th1 cells, CD8 effectors, memory cells, and for the function of natural killer and natural killer T cells. The presence of high cytotoxic CXCR3 ligand expression on CD8 T cells in colorectal cancerous tissue has been well documented in the past. CXCR3 and its ligands are differentially expressed at sites of inflammation and within the tumors. Further, the expression of CXCR3 and its ligands has been correlated with both the presence of effector T cells within tumor tissue and disease-free survival of patients. However, effector T cell infiltration into primary and metastatic tumors is highly variable and, in fact, often absent. Thus, understanding why T cells fail to infiltrate into tumors and determining the way to improve effector T cell entry into tumors would be important advances in efforts to harness the power of the immune system to fight cancer. To this end, the recent exciting discovery that CXCR3 is functionally expressed on regulatory T cells and also induces the differentiation of peripheral CD4 T cells into regulatory T cells, might address the novel clinically relevant question of the therapeutic potential of the CXCR3 system. This is also coupled with the fact that increases in CXCR3 expression also improves effector T cell function. This review describes the differential role of CXCR3 induction on peripheral and tumor microenvironment inflammation. Further, this review, tied with important findings from our laboratory, demonstrates that polyphenols induce CXCR3 expression on regulatory T cells and increases CXCR3 ligands in the tumor microenvironment, which act together to suppress colorectal cancer through a differential mechanism discussed herewith.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessicca D Abron
- Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Narendra P Singh
- Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Angela E Murphy
- Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Manoj K Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Robert L Price
- Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Prakash S Nagarkatti
- Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Udai P Singh
- Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| |
Collapse
|
300
|
Piovan E, Tosello V, Amadori A, Zanovello P. Chemotactic Cues for NOTCH1-Dependent Leukemia. Front Immunol 2018; 9:633. [PMID: 29666622 PMCID: PMC5891592 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The NOTCH signaling pathway is a conserved signaling cascade that regulates many aspects of development and homeostasis in multiple organ systems. Aberrant activity of this signaling pathway is linked to the initiation and progression of several hematological malignancies, exemplified by T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Interestingly, frequent non-mutational activation of NOTCH1 signaling has recently been demonstrated in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), significantly extending the pathogenic significance of this pathway in B-CLL. Leukemia patients often present with high-blood cell counts, diffuse disease with infiltration of the bone marrow, secondary lymphoid organs, and diffusion to the central nervous system (CNS). Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that regulate migration of cells between tissues and the positioning and interactions of cells within tissue. Homeostatic chemokines and their receptors have been implicated in regulating organ-specific infiltration, but may also directly and indirectly modulate tumor growth. Recently, oncogenic NOTCH1 has been shown to regulate infiltration of leukemic cells into the CNS hijacking the CC-chemokine ligand 19/CC-chemokine receptor 7 chemokine axis. In addition, a crucial role for the homing receptor axis CXC-chemokine ligand 12/CXC-chemokine receptor 4 has been demonstrated in leukemia maintenance and progression. Moreover, the CCL25/CCR9 axis has been implicated in the homing of leukemic cells into the gut, particularly in the presence of phosphatase and tensin homolog tumor suppressor loss. In this review, we summarize the latest developments regarding the role of NOTCH signaling in regulating the chemotactic microenvironmental cues involved in the generation and progression of T-ALL and compare these findings to B-CLL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erich Piovan
- UOC Immunologia e Diagnostica Molecolare Oncologica, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Gastroenterologiche, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Valeria Tosello
- UOC Immunologia e Diagnostica Molecolare Oncologica, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Amadori
- UOC Immunologia e Diagnostica Molecolare Oncologica, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Gastroenterologiche, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Zanovello
- UOC Immunologia e Diagnostica Molecolare Oncologica, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Gastroenterologiche, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|