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Bugel SM, Wehmas LC, La Du JK, Tanguay RL. Phenotype anchoring in zebrafish reveals a potential role for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in tamoxifen's effects on skin epithelium. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 296:31-41. [PMID: 26908177 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The zebrafish is a powerful alternative model used to link phenotypes with molecular effects to discover drug mode of action. Using a zebrafish embryo-larval toxicity bioassay, we evaluated the effects of tamoxifen--a widely used anti-estrogen chemotherapeutic. Zebrafish exposed to ≥ 10 μM tamoxifen exhibited a unique necrotic caudal fin phenotype that was rapidly induced regardless of developmental life-stage when treatment was applied. To define tamoxifen's bioactivity resulting in this phenotype, targeted gene expression was used to evaluate 100 transcripts involved in tissue remodeling, calcium signaling, cell cycle and cell death, growth factors, angiogenesis and hypoxia. The most robustly misregulated transcripts in the tail were matrix metalloproteinases mmp9 and mmp13a, induced 127 and 1145 fold, respectively. Expression of c-fos, c-jun, and ap1s1 were also moderately elevated (3-7 fold), consistent with AP-1 activity--a transcription factor that regulates MMP expression. Immunohistochemistry confirmed high levels of induction for MMP13a in affected caudal fin skin epithelial tissue. The necrotic caudal fin phenotype was significantly attenuated or prevented by three functionally unique MMP inhibitors: EDTA (metal chelator), GM 6001 (broad MMP inhibitor), and SR 11302 (AP-1 transcription factor inhibitor), suggesting MMP-dependence. SR 11302 also inhibited induction of mmp9, mmp13a, and a putative MMP target, igfbp1a. Overall, our studies suggest that tamoxifen's effect is the result of perturbation of the MMP system in the skin leading to ectopic expression, cytotoxicity, and the necrotic caudal fin phenotype. These studies help advance our understanding of tamoxifen's non-classical mode of action and implicate a possible role for MMPs in tissues such as skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Bugel
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
| | - Leah C Wehmas
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
| | - Jane K La Du
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
| | - Robert L Tanguay
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
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252
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Huang CH, Williamson SK, Neupane P, Taylor SA, Allen A, Smart NJ, Uypeckcuat AM, Spencer S, Wick J, Smith H, Van Veldhuizen PJ, Kelly K. Impact Study: MK-0646 (Dalotuzumab), Insulin Growth Factor 1 Receptor Antibody Combined with Pemetrexed and Cisplatin in Stage IV Metastatic Non-squamous Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2016; 5:301. [PMID: 26793618 PMCID: PMC4710681 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) regulates cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. Adenocarcinoma and never-smokers have a higher expression of IGF-1R, which is associated with worse overall survival. Dalotuzumab-MK0646 (D) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets IGF-1R. Pemetrexed (P) has higher activity in non-squamous lung cancer (NSQL). We initiated a randomized phase II trial to test the combination of P and Cisplatin (C) ± D in NSQL. METHODS Eligibility criteria were untreated NSQL stage IV, ECOG 0 or 1, measurable disease, adequate renal, hepatic and hematologic function, and no other intercurrent illness. P at 500 mg/m(2) and C at 75 mg/m(2) IV were given every 3 weeks. D was given at 10 mg/kg IV weekly on days 1, 8, and 15 of every 3-week cycle in the experimental group. The patients had a radiographic assessment after every two cycles and were treated for a maximum of six cycles if there was a response or stable disease. The primary objective of the study was to compare the clinical response rates of PC vs. PC + D. RESULTS From 1/2009 to 2/2011, the study accrued 26 subjects: 16 male and 10 female, with a median age of 59; 14 were treated with PC and 12 were treated with PC + D. We observed two partial responses (PR), seven stable disease (SD), three progressive disease (PD), and two not evaluable (NE) in the PC arm. In comparison, for the PC + D arm, there were three PR, four SD, four PD, and one NE. The hematologic toxicity was similar in both groups. There was higher incidence of hyperglycemia in the experimental group; four cases with grade 3 and one case with grade 4. CONCLUSION PC + D had a similar response rate compared to PC, with a higher rate of hyperglycemia. Identification of responders using predictive markers would be key to continuing the study of D in NSQL. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT00799240, clinicaltrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao H Huang
- Kansas City Veterans Administration Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA; University of Kansas Cancer Center, Westwood, KS, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ace Allen
- Kansas City Veterans Administration Medical Center , Kansas City, MO , USA
| | - Nora J Smart
- University of Kansas Cancer Center , Westwood, KS , USA
| | | | - Sarah Spencer
- Kansas City Veterans Administration Medical Center , Kansas City, MO , USA
| | - Jo Wick
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas , Kansas City, KS , USA
| | - Holly Smith
- University of Kansas Cancer Center , Westwood, KS , USA
| | - Peter J Van Veldhuizen
- Kansas City Veterans Administration Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA; University of Kansas Cancer Center, Westwood, KS, USA
| | - Karen Kelly
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center , Sacramento, CA , USA
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253
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de Groot S, Charehbili A, van Laarhoven HWM, Mooyaart AL, Dekker-Ensink NG, van de Ven S, Janssen LGM, Swen JJ, Smit VTHBM, Heijns JB, Kessels LW, van der Straaten T, Böhringer S, Gelderblom H, van der Hoeven JJM, Guchelaar HJ, Pijl H, Kroep JR. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor expression and IGF1R 3129G > T polymorphism are associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients: results from the NEOZOTAC trial (BOOG 2010-01). Breast Cancer Res 2016; 18:3. [PMID: 26738606 PMCID: PMC4702399 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-015-0663-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) pathway is involved in cell growth and proliferation and is associated with tumorigenesis and therapy resistance. This study aims to elucidate whether variation in the IGF-1 pathway is predictive for pathologic response in early HER2 negative breast cancer (BC) patients, taking part in the phase III NEOZOTAC trial, randomizing between 6 cycles of neoadjuvant TAC chemotherapy with or without zoledronic acid. Methods Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of pre-chemotherapy biopsies and operation specimens were collected for analysis of IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) expression (n = 216) and for analysis of 8 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of the IGF-1 pathway (n = 184) using OpenArray® RealTime PCR. Associations with patient and tumor characteristics and chemotherapy response according to Miller and Payne pathologic response were performed using chi-square and regression analysis. Results During chemotherapy, a significant number of tumors (47.2 %) showed a decrease in IGF-1R expression, while in a small number of tumors an upregulation was seen (15.1 %). IGF-1R expression before treatment was not associated with pathological response, however, absence of IGF-1R expression after treatment was associated with a better response in multivariate analysis (P = 0.006) and patients with a decrease in expression during treatment showed a better response to chemotherapy as well (P = 0.020). Moreover, the variant T allele of 3129G > T in IGF1R (rs2016347) was associated with a better pathological response in multivariate analysis (P = 0.032). Conclusions Absent or diminished expression of IGF-1R after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with a better pathological response. Additionally, we found a SNP (rs2016347) in IGF1R as a potential predictive marker for chemotherapy efficacy in BC patients treated with TAC. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01099436. Registered April 6, 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie de Groot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ayoub Charehbili
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W M van Laarhoven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, P.O. Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antien L Mooyaart
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - N Geeske Dekker-Ensink
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia van de Ven
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laura G M Janssen
- Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jesse J Swen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent T H B M Smit
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joan B Heijns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amphia Hospital, Langendijk 75, P.O. Box 90157, 4800 RL, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke W Kessels
- Department of Medical Oncology, Deventer Hospital, Nico Bolkesteinlaan 75, P.O. Box 5001, 7400 GC, Deventer, The Netherlands
| | - Tahar van der Straaten
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Böhringer
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacobus J M van der Hoeven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Guchelaar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hanno Pijl
- Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith R Kroep
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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254
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van Adrichem RCS, de Herder WW, Kamp K, Brugts MP, de Krijger RR, Sprij-Mooij DM, Lamberts SWJ, van Koetsveld PM, Janssen JAMJL, Hofland LJ. Effects of Somatostatin Analogs and Dopamine Agonists on Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2-Induced Insulin Receptor Isoform A Activation by Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells. Neuroendocrinology 2016; 103:815-25. [PMID: 26836610 DOI: 10.1159/000444280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) express insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-related factors [IGF1, IGF2; insulin receptor (IR)-A, IR-B; IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) 1-3] as well as somatostatin (SSTRs) and dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs). OBJECTIVES To (1) compare mRNA expression of IGF-related factors in human pancreatic NET (panNET) cell lines with that in human GEP-NETs to evaluate the usefulness of these cells as a model for studying the IGF system in GEP-NETs, (2) determine whether panNET cells produce growth factors that activate IR-A, and (3) investigate whether somatostatin analogs (SSAs) and/or dopamine agonists (DAs) influence the production of these growth factors. METHODS In panNET cells (BON-1 and QGP-1) and GEP-NETs, mRNA expression of IGF-related factors was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Effects of the SSAs octreotide and pasireotide (PAS), the DA cabergoline (CAB), and the dopastatin BIM-23A760 (all 100 nM) were evaluated at the IGF2 mRNA and protein level (by ELISA) and regarding IR-A bioactivity (by kinase receptor activation assay) in panNET cells. RESULTS panNET cells and GEP-NETs had comparable expression profiles of IGF-related factors. Especially in BON-1 cells, IGF2 and IR-A were most highly expressed. PAS + CAB inhibited IGF2 (-29.5 ± 4.9%, p < 0.01) and IGFBP3 (-20.0 ± 4.0%, p < 0.01) mRNA expression in BON-1 cells. In BON-1 cells, IGF2 protein secretion was significantly inhibited with BIM-23A760 (-23.7 ± 3.8%). BON-1- but not QGP-1- conditioned medium stimulated IR-A bioactivity. In BON-1 cells, IR-A bioactivity was inhibited by BIM-23A760 and PAS + CAB (-37.8 ± 2.1% and -30.9 ± 4.1%, respectively, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS (1) The BON-1 cell line is a representative model for studying the IGF system in GEP-NETs, (2) BON-1 cells produce growth factors (IGF2) activating IR-A, and (3) combined SSTR and D2R targeting with PAS + CAB and BIM-23A760 suppresses IGF2-induced IR-A activation.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor/chemistry
- Culture Media, Conditioned/pharmacology
- Dopamine/analogs & derivatives
- Dopamine/pharmacology
- Dopamine Agonists/pharmacology
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/metabolism
- Intestinal Neoplasms/pathology
- Neuroendocrine Tumors/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, Insulin/genetics
- Receptor, Insulin/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Receptors, Somatostatin/genetics
- Receptors, Somatostatin/metabolism
- Somatostatin/analogs & derivatives
- Somatostatin/pharmacology
- Stomach Neoplasms/pathology
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne C S van Adrichem
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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255
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Behringer V, Wudy SA, Blum WF, Stevens JMG, Remer T, Boesch C, Hohmann G. Sex Differences in Age-Related Decline of Urinary Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-3 Levels in Adult Bonobos and Chimpanzees. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:118. [PMID: 27602019 PMCID: PMC4994059 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the characterization of normative senescence in humans. To assess to what extent aging patterns in humans are unique, comparative data from closely related species, such as non-human primates, can be very useful. Here, we use data from bonobos and chimpanzees, two closely related species that share a common ancestor with humans, to explore physiological markers that are indicative of aging processes. Many studies on aging in humans focus on the somatotropic axis, consisting of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). In humans, IGFBP-3 levels decline steadily with increasing age. We used urinary IGFBP-3 levels as an alternative endocrine marker for IGF-I to identify the temporal pattern known to be related with age-related changes in cell proliferation, growth, and apoptosis. We measured urinary IGFBP-3 levels in samples from 71 bonobos and 102 chimpanzees. Focusing on samples from individuals aged 10 years or older, we found that urinary IGFBP-3 levels decline in both ape species with increasing age. However, in both species, females start with higher urinary IGFBP-3 levels than males, experience a steeper decline with increasing age, and converge with male levels around the age of 30-35 years. Our measurements of urinary IGFBP-3 levels indicate that bonobos and chimpanzees mirror human patterns of age-related decline in IGFBP-3 in older individuals (<10 years) of both sexes. Moreover, such as humans, both ape species show sex-specific differences in IGFBP-3 levels with females having higher levels than males, a result that correlates with sex differences in life expectancy. Using changes in urinary IGFBP-3 levels as a proxy for changes in GH and IGF-I levels that mark age-related changes in cell proliferation, this approach provides an opportunity to investigate trade-offs in life-history strategies in cross-sectional and in longitudinal studies, both in captivity and in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Behringer
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Verena Behringer,
| | - Stefan A. Wudy
- Laboratory for Translational Hormone Analytics in Paediatric Endocrinology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner F. Blum
- Laboratory for Translational Hormone Analytics in Paediatric Endocrinology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jeroen M. G. Stevens
- Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Thomas Remer
- DONALD Study Dortmund, IEL-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christophe Boesch
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gottfried Hohmann
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
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256
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Cottam Jones JM, Harris PWR, Scanlon DB, Forbes BE, Brimble MA, Abell AD. Fluorescent IGF-II analogues for FRET-based investigations into the binding of IGF-II to the IGF-1R. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:2698-705. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02110c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Convergent-based synthesis of native IGF-II and two IGF-II analogues, with coumarin fluorescent probes incorporated at residues 19 and 28, and their use in FRET-based identification of interactions with the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P. W. R. Harris
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland 1010
- New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery
| | - D. B. Scanlon
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Adelaide
- Adelaide 5001
- Australia
| | - B. E. Forbes
- School of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences
- The University of Adelaide
- Adelaide 5005
- Australia
- School of Medicine
| | - M. A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland 1010
- New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery
| | - A. D. Abell
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Adelaide
- Adelaide 5001
- Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)
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257
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LI JIEPIN, TENG YUHAO, LIU SHENLIN, WANG ZIFAN, CHEN YAN, ZHANG YINGYING, XI SONGYANG, XU SONG, WANG RUIPING, ZOU XI. Cinnamaldehyde affects the biological behavior of human colorectal cancer cells and induces apoptosis via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:1501-10. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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258
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Wei YH, Tang HX, Liao YD, Fu SL, Xu LQ, Chen G, Zhang C, Ju S, Liu ZG, You LK, Yu L, Zhou S. Effects of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor and its inhibitor AG1024 on the progress of lung cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 35:834-841. [PMID: 26670433 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-015-1515-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) and its downstream signaling components have been increasingly recognized to drive the development of malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to investigate the effects of IGF-1R and its inhibitor, AG1024, on the progression of lung cancer. Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect the expressions of IGF-1 and IGF-1R in NSCLC tissues (n=198). Western blotting was used to determine the expressions of IGF-1 and phosphorylated IGF-1R (p-IGF-1R) in A549 human lung carcinoma cells, and MTT assay to measure cell proliferation. Additionally, the expressions of IGF-1, p-IGF-1R and IGF-1R in a mouse model of lung cancer were detected by Western blotting and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR), respectively. The results showed that IGF-1 and IGF-1R were overexpressed in NSCLC tissues. The expression levels of IGF-1 and p-IGF-1R were significantly increased in A549 cells treated with IGF-1 as compared to those treated with IGF-1+AG1024 or untreated cells. In the presence of IGF-1, the proliferation of A549 cells was significantly increased. The progression of lung cancer in mice treated with IGF-1 was significantly increased as compared to the group treated with IGF-1+AG1024 or the control group, with the same trend mirrored in IGF-1/p-IGF-1R/IGF-1R at the protein and/or mRNA levels. It was concluded that IGF-1 and IGF inhibitor AG1024 promotes lung cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Wei
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - He-Xiao Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Yong-de Liao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Sheng-Ling Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Li-Qiang Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Central Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Sheng Ju
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Zhao-Guo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Liang-Kun You
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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259
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Soori M, Lu G, Mason RW. Cathepsin Inhibition Prevents Autophagic Protein Turnover and Downregulates Insulin Growth Factor-1 Receptor-Mediated Signaling in Neuroblastoma. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 356:375-86. [PMID: 26660229 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.229229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the major lysosomal proteases, cathepsins B, D, and L, impairs growth of several cell types but leads to apoptosis in neuroblastoma. The goal of this study was to examine the mechanisms by which enzyme inhibition could cause cell death. Cathepsin inhibition caused cellular accumulation of fragments of the insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor. The fragments were located in dense organelles that were characterized as autophagosomes. This novel discovery provides the first clear link between lysosomal function, autophagy, and IGF-1- mediated cell proliferation. A more in-depth analysis of the IGF1 signaling pathway revealed that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cell-proliferation pathway was impaired in inhibitor treated cells, whereas the Akt cell survival pathway remained functional. Shc, an adapter protein that transmits IGF-1 signaling through the MAPK pathway, was sequestered in autophagosomes; whereas IRS-2, an adapter protein that transmits IGF-1 signaling through the Akt pathway, was unaffected by cathepsin inhibition. Furthermore, Shc was sequestered in autophagosomes as its active form, indicating that autophagy is a key mechanism for downregulating IGF-1-induced cell proliferation. Cathepsin inhibition had a greater effect on autophagic sequestration of the neuronal specific adapter protein, Shc-C, than ubiquitously expressed Shc-A, providing mechanistic support for the enhanced sensitivity of neuronally derived tumor cells. We also observed impaired activation of MAPK by epidermal growth factor treatment in inhibitor-treated cells. The Shc adapter proteins are central to transducing proliferation signaling by a range of receptor tyrosine kinases; consequently, cathepsin inhibition may become an important therapeutic approach for treating neuroblastoma and other tumors of neuronal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnoosh Soori
- Department of Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington (M.S., G.L., R.W.M.), and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark (M.S.), Delaware
| | - Guizhen Lu
- Department of Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington (M.S., G.L., R.W.M.), and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark (M.S.), Delaware
| | - Robert W Mason
- Department of Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington (M.S., G.L., R.W.M.), and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark (M.S.), Delaware
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Vicennati V, Garelli S, Rinaldi E, Rosetti S, Zavatta G, Pagotto U, Pasquali R. Obesity-related proliferative diseases: the interaction between adipose tissue and estrogens in post-menopausal women. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2015; 21:75-87. [PMID: 25781553 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2015-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that overweight and cancer are closely related, even though obesity alone does not apparently heighten cancer risk by the same amount. Given the low overall risk of all cancers with obesity, it is unlikely that obesity alone causes cancer, but should instead be considered as a tumor promoter. There are three main hypotheses that could explain how obesity might contribute to cancer development and growth: the inflammatory cytokines from adipose tissue hypothesis, the insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia hypothesis, and the unopposed estrogen cancer hypothesis. The link between obesity and cancer is that adipocytes constitute a major component of the tumor microenvironment for breast and abdominally metastasizing cancers, promoting tumor growth. This review will mainly focus attention on the relationship between adipose tissue, estrogens, and cancer risk.
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261
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Ofer P, Heidegger I, Eder IE, Schöpf B, Neuwirt H, Geley S, Klocker H, Massoner P. Both IGF1R and INSR Knockdown Exert Antitumorigenic Effects in Prostate Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29:1694-707. [PMID: 26452103 PMCID: PMC4669362 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The IGF network with its main receptors IGF receptor 1 (IGF1R) and insulin receptor (INSR) is of major importance for cancer initiation and progression. To date, clinical studies targeting this network were disappointing and call for thorough analysis of the IGF network in cancer models. We highlight the oncogenic effects controlled by IGF1R and INSR in prostate cancer cells and show similarities as well as differences after receptor knockdown (KD). In PC3 prostate cancer cells stably transduced with inducible short hairpin RNAs, targeting IGF1R or INSR attenuated cell growth and proliferation ultimately driving cells into apoptosis. IGF1R KD triggered rapid and strong antiproliferative and proapoptotic responses, whereas these effects were less pronounced and delayed after INSR KD. Down-regulation of the antiapoptotic proteins myeloid cell leukemia-1 and survivin was observed in both KDs, whereas IGF1R KD also attenuated expression of prosurvival proteins B cell lymphoma-2 and B cell lymphoma-xL. Receptor KD induced cell death involved autophagy in particular upon IGF1R KD; however, no difference in mitochondrial energy metabolism was observed. In a mouse xenograft model, induction of IGF1R or INSR KD after tumor establishment eradicated most of the tumors. After 20 days of receptor KD, tumor cells were found only in 1/14 IGF1R and 3/14 INSR KD tumor remnants. Collectively, our data underline the oncogenic functions of IGF1R and INSR in prostate cancer namely growth, proliferation, and survival in vitro as well as in vivo and identify myeloid cell leukemia-1 and survivin as important mediators of inhibitory and apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ofer
- Division of Experimental Urology (P.O., I.H., I.E.E., H.K., P.M.), Department of Urology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Genetic Epidemiology (B.S.), Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine IV (N.H.), Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; and Division of Molecular Pathophysiology (S.G.), Biocenter, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Isabel Heidegger
- Division of Experimental Urology (P.O., I.H., I.E.E., H.K., P.M.), Department of Urology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Genetic Epidemiology (B.S.), Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine IV (N.H.), Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; and Division of Molecular Pathophysiology (S.G.), Biocenter, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Iris E Eder
- Division of Experimental Urology (P.O., I.H., I.E.E., H.K., P.M.), Department of Urology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Genetic Epidemiology (B.S.), Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine IV (N.H.), Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; and Division of Molecular Pathophysiology (S.G.), Biocenter, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernd Schöpf
- Division of Experimental Urology (P.O., I.H., I.E.E., H.K., P.M.), Department of Urology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Genetic Epidemiology (B.S.), Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine IV (N.H.), Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; and Division of Molecular Pathophysiology (S.G.), Biocenter, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hannes Neuwirt
- Division of Experimental Urology (P.O., I.H., I.E.E., H.K., P.M.), Department of Urology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Genetic Epidemiology (B.S.), Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine IV (N.H.), Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; and Division of Molecular Pathophysiology (S.G.), Biocenter, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stephan Geley
- Division of Experimental Urology (P.O., I.H., I.E.E., H.K., P.M.), Department of Urology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Genetic Epidemiology (B.S.), Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine IV (N.H.), Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; and Division of Molecular Pathophysiology (S.G.), Biocenter, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helmut Klocker
- Division of Experimental Urology (P.O., I.H., I.E.E., H.K., P.M.), Department of Urology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Genetic Epidemiology (B.S.), Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine IV (N.H.), Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; and Division of Molecular Pathophysiology (S.G.), Biocenter, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Petra Massoner
- Division of Experimental Urology (P.O., I.H., I.E.E., H.K., P.M.), Department of Urology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Genetic Epidemiology (B.S.), Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine IV (N.H.), Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; and Division of Molecular Pathophysiology (S.G.), Biocenter, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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262
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Jaillardon L, Abadie J, Godard T, Campone M, Loussouarn D, Siliart B, Nguyen F. The dog as a naturally-occurring model for insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor-overexpressing breast cancer: an observational cohort study. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:664. [PMID: 26449867 PMCID: PMC4598970 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1670-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dogs spontaneously develop invasive mammary carcinoma with a high prevalence of the triple-negative (TN) subtype (lack of ER-Estrogen Receptor and PR-Progesterone Receptor expression, lack of HER2-Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 overexpression), making this animal model relevant for investigating new therapeutic pathways. Insulin-like growth factor Type-1 receptor (IGF1R) is frequently overexpressed in primary human breast cancers, with a growing role in the TN phenotype. The purpose of this study was to investigate the Dog as a candidate model for IGF1R-overexpressing mammary carcinoma. METHODS 150 bitches with canine mammary carcinoma (CMC) and a known 2-year follow-up were retrospectively included. IGF1R expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using a similar scoring system as for HER2 in breast cancer. The prognostic value of the IGF1R expression was assessed in terms of overall and specific survival as well as disease-free interval (DFI). RESULTS 47 CMC (31 %) were classified as luminal and 103 (69 %) as triple-negative (TN-CMC). 41 % of CMC overexpressed IGF1R (IHC score 3+) of which 76 % were TN-CMC and 62 % grade III. IGF1R overexpression was associated with aggressive features including lymphovascular invasion, histological grade III, low ER expression and the TN phenotype. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that IGF1R overexpression was associated with shorter overall and specific survivals and shorter DFI in TN-CMC. CONCLUSIONS IGF1R overexpression is common and related to a poor outcome in canine invasive mammary carcinoma, particularly in the triple negative subtype, as in human breast cancer. Preclinical studies using the Dog as a spontaneous animal model could be considered to investigate new therapies targeting IGF1R in triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Jaillardon
- Oniris, Université Nantes-Angers-Le Mans, Department of Human Health, Biomedical Research and Animal Models, AMaROC Unit and LDHvet laboratory, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Site de la Chantrerie, Route de Gachet, Nantes, F-44307, France.
| | - Jérome Abadie
- Oniris, Université Nantes-Angers-Le Mans, Department of Human Health, Biomedical Research and Animal Models, AMaROC Unit and LDHvet laboratory, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Site de la Chantrerie, Route de Gachet, Nantes, F-44307, France.
| | - Tiffanie Godard
- Oniris, Université Nantes-Angers-Le Mans, Department of Human Health, Biomedical Research and Animal Models, AMaROC Unit and LDHvet laboratory, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Site de la Chantrerie, Route de Gachet, Nantes, F-44307, France.
| | - Mario Campone
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Boulevard Jacques Monod Saint Herblain-Nantes cedex, Centre de Recherche du Cancer Nantes-Angers, UMR-INSERM U892/CNRS 6299, Nantes, F-44805, France.
| | - Delphine Loussouarn
- Hopital G&R Laënnec, Boulevard Jacques Monod, Saint Herblain-Nantes cedex, Nantes, F-44093, France.
| | - Brigitte Siliart
- Oniris, Université Nantes-Angers-Le Mans, Department of Human Health, Biomedical Research and Animal Models, AMaROC Unit and LDHvet laboratory, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Site de la Chantrerie, Route de Gachet, Nantes, F-44307, France.
| | - Frédérique Nguyen
- Oniris, Université Nantes-Angers-Le Mans, Department of Human Health, Biomedical Research and Animal Models, AMaROC Unit and LDHvet laboratory, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Site de la Chantrerie, Route de Gachet, Nantes, F-44307, France.
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263
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Li S, Pinard M, Wang Y, Yang L, Lin R, Hiscott J, Su B, Brodt P. Crosstalk between the TNF and IGF pathways enhances NF-κB activation and signaling in cancer cells. Growth Horm IGF Res 2015; 25:253-261. [PMID: 26239406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The receptor for type I insulin like growth factor (IGF-IR) and NFκB signaling both play essential roles in cancer initiation and progression but relatively little is known about possible crosstalk between these pathways. We have shown that the IGF-IR could rescue lung and colon carcinoma cells from Tumor necrosis factor -α (ΤΝF-α)-induced apoptosis by activating autocrine, pro-survival IL-6/gp130/STAT3 signaling, suggesting that IGF-IR expression could alter NF-κB signaling that is required for transcriptional activation of IL-6. OBJECTIVE Here we sought to determine if and how IGF-IR signaling promotes TNF-α-induced NFκB activation. DESIGN We used lung carcinoma M-27 and colon carcinoma MC-38 cells to investigate IGF-IR-induced changes to the IKK/IκBα/NFκB pathway by a combination of qPCR, Western blotting, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, a reporter assay and gene silencing. RESULTS We show that in the presence of increased IGF-IR expression or activation levels, nuclear translocation of NFκB in response to TNF-α was enhanced in lung and colon carcinoma cells and this was due to accelerated phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα. This effect was AKT-dependent and mediated via mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3(MEKK3) activation. CONCLUSION The results suggest that ligand-mediated activation of IGF-IR alters NF-κB signaling in cancer cells in an AKT/MEKK3-dependent manner and that temporal aspects of NF-κB activation can regulate the cytokine profile of the tumor cells and thereby, their interaction with the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Li
- Dept of Medicine, McGill University and the McGill University Health Center, Canada
| | - Maxime Pinard
- Dept of Surgery, McGill University and the McGill University Health Center, Canada
| | - Yunling Wang
- Dept of Surgery, McGill University and the McGill University Health Center, Canada
| | - Long Yang
- Dept of Medicine, McGill University and the McGill University Health Center, Canada
| | - Rongtuan Lin
- Dept of Medicine, McGill University and the McGill University Health Center, Canada; The Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal QC, Canada
| | - John Hiscott
- Dept of Medicine, McGill University and the McGill University Health Center, Canada; Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Canada; The Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal QC, Canada
| | - Bing Su
- Dept of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Pnina Brodt
- Dept of Medicine, McGill University and the McGill University Health Center, Canada; Dept of Surgery, McGill University and the McGill University Health Center, Canada.
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264
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Abdel-Wahab R, Shehata S, Hassan MM, Habra MA, Eskandari G, Tinkey PT, Mitchell J, Lee JS, Amin HM, Kaseb AO. Type I insulin-like growth factor as a liver reserve assessment tool in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2015; 2:131-42. [PMID: 27508202 PMCID: PMC4918293 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s81309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver diseases (CLDs) encompass a wide range of illnesses, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and viral hepatitis. Deterioration of liver capacity, with subsequent progression into cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), ultimately leads to a further decrease in the hepatic reserve. The Child-Turcotte-Pugh scoring system is the standard tool for assessing underlying liver reserve capacity in routine practice and in clinical trials of CLD and HCC. In this review, we highlight the clinical significance of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and the growth hormone (GH) signaling pathway in HCC. IGF-I could be a marker for liver reserve capacity in CLDs and HCC in clinical practice. This approach could improve the risk assessment and stratifications of patients on the basis of their underlying liver reserve, either before active treatment in routine practice or before they are enrolled in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Clinical Oncology, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Samir Shehata
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Manal M Hassan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mouhammed A Habra
- Department of Endocrinology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ghazaleh Eskandari
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peggy T Tinkey
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer Mitchell
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ju-Seog Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hesham M Amin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ahmed O Kaseb
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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265
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Casey SC, Vaccari M, Al-Mulla F, Al-Temaimi R, Amedei A, Barcellos-Hoff MH, Brown DG, Chapellier M, Christopher J, Curran CS, Forte S, Hamid RA, Heneberg P, Koch DC, Krishnakumar PK, Laconi E, Maguer-Satta V, Marongiu F, Memeo L, Mondello C, Raju J, Roman J, Roy R, Ryan EP, Ryeom S, Salem HK, Scovassi AI, Singh N, Soucek L, Vermeulen L, Whitfield JR, Woodrick J, Colacci A, Bisson WH, Felsher DW. The effect of environmental chemicals on the tumor microenvironment. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36 Suppl 1:S160-83. [PMID: 26106136 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Potentially carcinogenic compounds may cause cancer through direct DNA damage or through indirect cellular or physiological effects. To study possible carcinogens, the fields of endocrinology, genetics, epigenetics, medicine, environmental health, toxicology, pharmacology and oncology must be considered. Disruptive chemicals may also contribute to multiple stages of tumor development through effects on the tumor microenvironment. In turn, the tumor microenvironment consists of a complex interaction among blood vessels that feed the tumor, the extracellular matrix that provides structural and biochemical support, signaling molecules that send messages and soluble factors such as cytokines. The tumor microenvironment also consists of many host cellular effectors including multipotent stromal cells/mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cell precursors, antigen-presenting cells, lymphocytes and innate immune cells. Carcinogens can influence the tumor microenvironment through effects on epithelial cells, the most common origin of cancer, as well as on stromal cells, extracellular matrix components and immune cells. Here, we review how environmental exposures can perturb the tumor microenvironment. We suggest a role for disrupting chemicals such as nickel chloride, Bisphenol A, butyltins, methylmercury and paraquat as well as more traditional carcinogens, such as radiation, and pharmaceuticals, such as diabetes medications, in the disruption of the tumor microenvironment. Further studies interrogating the role of chemicals and their mixtures in dose-dependent effects on the tumor microenvironment could have important general mechanistic implications for the etiology and prevention of tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Casey
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, 40126 Bologna, Italy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, 13110 Safat, Kuwait, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy, Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University/ Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Centre De Recherche En Cancerologie De Lyon, U1052-UMR5286, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France, Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, CB2 0RE Cambridge, UK, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia, Charles University in Prague, Third Faculty of Medicine, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia, Department of Science and Biomedical Technology, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy, Pathology Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA, Molecular Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20057, USA, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
| | - Monica Vaccari
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, 13110 Safat, Kuwait
| | | | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Dustin G Brown
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University/ Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA
| | - Marion Chapellier
- Centre De Recherche En Cancerologie De Lyon, U1052-UMR5286, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Joseph Christopher
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, CB2 0RE Cambridge, UK
| | - Colleen S Curran
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Stefano Forte
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Roslida A Hamid
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Petr Heneberg
- Charles University in Prague, Third Faculty of Medicine, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel C Koch
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, 40126 Bologna, Italy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, 13110 Safat, Kuwait, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy, Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University/ Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Centre De Recherche En Cancerologie De Lyon, U1052-UMR5286, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France, Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, CB2 0RE Cambridge, UK, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia, Charles University in Prague, Third Faculty of Medicine, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia, Department of Science and Biomedical Technology, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy, Pathology Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA, Molecular Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20057, USA, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
| | - P K Krishnakumar
- Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ezio Laconi
- Department of Science and Biomedical Technology, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Veronique Maguer-Satta
- Centre De Recherche En Cancerologie De Lyon, U1052-UMR5286, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Fabio Marongiu
- Department of Science and Biomedical Technology, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Pathology Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Chiara Mondello
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Jayadev Raju
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada
| | - Jesse Roman
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Rabindra Roy
- Molecular Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20057, USA
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University/ Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA
| | - Sandra Ryeom
- University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hosni K Salem
- Urology Department, Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - A Ivana Scovassi
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Neetu Singh
- Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Laura Soucek
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Louis Vermeulen
- Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Academic Medical Center (AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan R Whitfield
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordan Woodrick
- Molecular Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20057, USA
| | - Annamaria Colacci
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - William H Bisson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA, and
| | - Dean W Felsher
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Chowdhury S, Grimm L, Gong YJK, Wang B, Li B, Srikant CB, Gao ZH, Liu JL. Decreased 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 1 Level and Activity in Murine Pancreatic Islets Caused by Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Overexpression. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136656. [PMID: 26305481 PMCID: PMC4549276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We have reported a high expression of IGF-I in pancreatic islet β-cells of transgenic mice under the metallothionein promoter. cDNA microarray analysis of the islets revealed that the expression of 82 genes was significantly altered compared to wild-type mice. Of these, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1), which is responsible for the conversion of inert cortisone (11-dehydrocorticosterone, DHC in rodents) to active cortisol (corticosterone) in the liver and adipose tissues, has not been identified previously as an IGF-I target in pancreatic islets. We characterized the changes in its protein level, enzyme activity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In freshly isolated islets, the level of 11β-HSD1 protein was significantly lower in MT-IGF mice. Using dual-labeled immunofluorescence, 11β-HSD1 was observed exclusively in glucagon-producing, islet α-cells but at a lower level in transgenic vs. wild-type animals. MT-IGF islets also exhibited reduced enzymatic activities. Dexamethasone (DEX) and DHC inhibited glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from freshly isolated islets of wild-type mice. In the islets of MT-IGF mice, 48-h pre-incubation of DEX caused a significant decrease in insulin release, while the effect of DHC was largely blunted consistent with diminished 11β-HSD1 activity. In order to establish the function of intracrine glucocorticoids, we overexpressed 11β-HSD1 cDNA in MIN6 insulinoma cells, which together with DHC caused apoptosis and a significant decrease in proliferation. Both effects were abolished with the treatment of an 11β-HSD1 inhibitor. Our results demonstrate an inhibitory effect of IGF-I on 11β-HSD1 expression and activity within the pancreatic islets, which may mediate part of the IGF-I effects on cell proliferation, survival and insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Chowdhury
- Fraser Laboratories for Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Larson Grimm
- Fraser Laboratories for Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ying Jia Kate Gong
- Fraser Laboratories for Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Beixi Wang
- Fraser Laboratories for Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Bing Li
- Fraser Laboratories for Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Coimbatore B. Srikant
- Fraser Laboratories for Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Zu-hua Gao
- Department of Pathology, the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jun-Li Liu
- Fraser Laboratories for Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Montreal Diabetes Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
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267
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Porther N, Barbieri MA. The role of endocytic Rab GTPases in regulation of growth factor signaling and the migration and invasion of tumor cells. Small GTPases 2015; 6:135-44. [PMID: 26317377 PMCID: PMC4601184 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2015.1050152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is characterized pathologically by uncontrolled cell invasion, proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. It is a multistep process that encompasses the modulation of membrane permeability and invasion, cell spreading, cell migration and proliferation of the extracellular matrix, increase in cell adhesion molecules and interaction, decrease in cell attachment and induced survival signals and propagation of nutrient supplies (blood vessels). In cancer, a solid tumor cannot expand and spread without a series of synchronized events. Changes in cell adhesion receptor molecules (e.g., integrins, cadherin-catenins) and protease expressions have been linked to tumor invasion and metastasis. It has also been determined that ligand-growth factor receptor interactions have been associated with cancer development and metastasis via the endocytic pathway. Specifically, growth factors, which include IGF-1 and IGF-2 therapy, have been associated with most if not all of the features of metastasis. In this review, we will revisit some of the key findings on perhaps one of the most important hallmarks of cancer metastasis: cell migration and cell invasion and the role of the endocytic pathway in mediating this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Porther
- Department of Biological Sciences; Florida International University; Miami, FL USA
| | - MA Barbieri
- Department of Biological Sciences; Florida International University; Miami, FL USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute; Florida International University; Miami, FL USA
- Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden; Coral Gables, FL USA
- International Center of Tropical Botany; Florida International University; Miami, FL USA
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268
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Maris C, D'Haene N, Trépant AL, Le Mercier M, Sauvage S, Allard J, Rorive S, Demetter P, Decaestecker C, Salmon I. IGF-IR: a new prognostic biomarker for human glioblastoma. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:729-37. [PMID: 26291053 PMCID: PMC4559821 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most common malignant primary brain tumours in adults and are refractory to conventional therapy, including surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system is a complex network that includes ligands (IGFI and IGFII), receptors (IGF-IR and IGF-IIR) and high-affinity binding proteins (IGFBP-1 to IGFBP-6). Many studies have reported a role for the IGF system in the regulation of tumour cell biology. However, the role of this system remains unclear in GBMs. Methods: We investigate the prognostic value of both the IGF ligands' and receptors' expression in a cohort of human GBMs. Tissue microarray and image analysis were conducted to quantitatively analyse the immunohistochemical expression of these proteins in 218 human GBMs. Results: Both IGF-IR and IGF-IIR were overexpressed in GBMs compared with normal brain (P<10−4 and P=0.002, respectively). Moreover, with regard to standard clinical factors, IGF-IR positivity was identified as an independent prognostic factor associated with shorter survival (P=0.016) and was associated with a less favourable response to temozolomide. Conclusions: This study suggests that IGF-IR could be an interesting target for GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Maris
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - N D'Haene
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - A-L Trépant
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - M Le Mercier
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - S Sauvage
- DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Académie Universitaire Wallonie-Bruxelles, Gosselies 6041, Belgium
| | - J Allard
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - S Rorive
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium.,DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Académie Universitaire Wallonie-Bruxelles, Gosselies 6041, Belgium
| | - P Demetter
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - C Decaestecker
- DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Académie Universitaire Wallonie-Bruxelles, Gosselies 6041, Belgium.,Laboratories of Image, Signal processing and Acoustics (LISA), Brussels School of Engineering/Ecole Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - I Salmon
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium.,DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Académie Universitaire Wallonie-Bruxelles, Gosselies 6041, Belgium
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269
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Forest A, Amatulli M, Ludwig DL, Damoci CB, Wang Y, Burns CA, Donoho GP, Zanella N, Fiebig HH, Prewett MC, Surguladze D, DeLigio JT, Houghton PJ, Smith MA, Novosiadly R. Intrinsic Resistance to Cixutumumab Is Conferred by Distinct Isoforms of the Insulin Receptor. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:1615-26. [PMID: 26263910 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Despite a recent shift away from anti-insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) therapy, this target has been identified as a key player in the resistance mechanisms to various conventional and targeted agents, emphasizing its value as a therapy, provided that it is used in the right patient population. Molecular markers predictive of antitumor activity of IGF-IR inhibitors remain largely unidentified. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of insulin receptor (IR) isoforms on the antitumor efficacy of cixutumumab, a humanized mAb against IGF-IR, and to correlate their expression with therapeutic outcome. The data demonstrate that expression of total IR rather than individual IR isoforms inversely correlates with single-agent cixutumumab efficacy in pediatric solid tumor models in vivo. Total IR, IR-A, and IR-B expression adversely affects the outcome of cixutumumab in combination with chemotherapy in patient-derived xenograft models of lung adenocarcinoma. IR-A overexpression in tumor cells confers complete resistance to cixutumumab in vitro and in vivo, whereas IR-B results in a partial resistance. Resistance in IR-B-overexpressing cells is fully reversed by anti-IGF-II antibodies, suggesting that IGF-II is a driver of cixutumumab resistance in this setting. The present study links IR isoforms, IGF-II, and cixutumumab efficacy mechanistically and identifies total IR as a biomarker predictive of intrinsic resistance to anti-IGF-IR antibody. IMPLICATIONS This study identifies total IR as a biomarker predictive of primary resistance to IGF-IR antibodies and provides a rationale for new clinical trials enriched for patients whose tumors display low IR expression.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- MCF-7 Cells
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/metabolism
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Insulin/genetics
- Receptor, Insulin/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ying Wang
- Eli Lilly and Company, New York, New York
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270
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Fahrenholtz CD, Greene AM, Beltran PJ, Burnstein KL. A novel calcium-dependent mechanism of acquired resistance to IGF-1 receptor inhibition in prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:9007-21. [PMID: 25344862 PMCID: PMC4253414 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the mitogenic insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF-1R) signaling axis is a compelling treatment strategy for prostate cancer. Combining the IGF-1R inhibitor ganitumab (formerly AMG 479) with standard of care androgen-deprivation therapy greatly delays prostate cancer recurrence in xenograft models; however, a significant proportion of these tumors ultimately acquire resistance to ganitumab. Here we describe the development of a stable and reproducible ganitumab-resistant VCaP human prostate cancer cell derivative termed VCaP/GanR to investigate the mechanism of acquired resistance to IGF-1R inhibition. Unlike parental VCaP, VCaP/GanR did not undergo apoptosis following ganitumab treatment. VCaP/GanR did not express increased levels of IGF-1R, insulin receptor, or phospho-AKT compared to parental VCaP. VCaP/GanR exhibited increased levels of phospho-S6 indicative of increased mTOR activity. However, acquired resistance to ganitumab was not dependent on increased mTOR activity in VCaP/GanR. Phospho-proteomic arrays revealed alterations in several calcium-regulated signaling components in VCaP/GanR compared to VCaP. Reduction of intracellular calcium using cell-permeable calcium-specific chelators restored ganitumab sensitivity to VCaP/GanR through inhibition of cell-cycle progression. These data suggest a new mechanism of resistance to IGF-1R inhibition involving calcium-mediated proliferation effects. Such pathways should be considered in future clinical studies of IGF-1R inhibitors in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cale D Fahrenholtz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ann M Greene
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Kerry L Burnstein
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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271
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Roberts SS, Chou AJ, Cheung NKV. Immunotherapy of Childhood Sarcomas. Front Oncol 2015; 5:181. [PMID: 26301204 PMCID: PMC4528283 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors of bone and soft tissue origin. Although more than 100 different histologic subtypes have been described, the majority of pediatric cases belong to the Ewing’s family of tumors, rhabdomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma. Most patients that present with localized stage are curable with surgery and/or chemotherapy; however, those with metastatic disease at diagnosis or those who experience a relapse continue to have a very poor prognosis. New therapies for these patients are urgently needed. Immunotherapy is an established treatment modality for both liquid and solid tumors, and in pediatrics, most notably for neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma. In the past, immunomodulatory agents such as interferon, interleukin-2, and liposomal-muramyl tripeptide phosphatidyl-ethanolamine have been tried, with some activity seen in subsets of patients; additionally, various cancer vaccines have been studied with possible benefit. Monoclonal antibody therapies against tumor antigens such as disialoganglioside GD2 or immune checkpoint targets such as CTLA-4 and PD-1 are being actively explored in pediatric sarcomas. Building on the success of adoptive T cell therapy for EBV-related lymphoma, strategies to redirect T cells using chimeric antigen receptors and bispecific antibodies are rapidly evolving with potential for the treatment of sarcomas. This review will focus on recent preclinical and clinical developments in targeted agents for pediatric sarcomas with emphasis on the immunobiology of immune checkpoints, immunoediting, tumor microenvironment, antibody engineering, cell engineering, and tumor vaccines. The future integration of antibody-based and cell-based therapies into an overall treatment strategy of sarcoma will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen S Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY , USA
| | - Alexander J Chou
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY , USA
| | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY , USA
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272
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Vasuri F, Fittipaldi S, Giunchi F, Monica M, Ravaioli M, Degiovanni A, Bonora S, Golfieri R, Bolondi L, Grigioni WF, Pasquinelli G, D'Errico-Grigioni A. Facing the enigma of the vascular network in hepatocellular carcinomas in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic livers. J Clin Pathol 2015; 69:102-8. [PMID: 26243063 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In this paper we aimed to analyse the typology and the phenotype of the different vascular modifications in human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) with a new immunomorphological and gene expression approach. We also attempted to correlate these modifications with the histological parameters of tumour aggressiveness and the surrounding liver parenchyma. METHODS Ninety-six HCCs (from 80 patients) were retrospectively enrolled, 46 occurring in non-cirrhotic livers, and 50 in livers transplanted for cirrhosis. Histopathological analysis, immunohistochemistry for CD34, Nestin and WT1 and RT-PCR for Nestin, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1R) mRNA were performed in all nodules. RESULTS By correlating the CD34 and Nestin immunoreactivity in HCC vasculature with the tumorous architecture, we identified four vascular patterns (named from 'a' to 'd'). Each of them was characterised by different expressions of TGFβ1 and IGF1R mRNA. Pattern a showed CD34-positive/Nestin-negative sinusoids, and was prevalent in microtrabecular lesions. Pattern b showed similar morphology and architecture as pattern a, but with Nestin-positive sinusoids and a significant 'boost' in IGF1R and TGFβ1 mRNAs. In patterns c and d a progressive sinusoid loss and a gain of newly formed arterioles were seen. Notably, HCCs with pattern a arose more frequently in cirrhosis (p=0.024), and showed lower incidence of microvascular invasion (p=0.002) and infiltration (p=0.005) compared with HCCs with other patterns. CONCLUSIONS Although future studies are surely required, the identification of different vascular profiles in HCCs from cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic livers may help clarify the relationship between HCC progression and aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Vasuri
- Department of Specialty, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), "F. Addarii" Institute of Oncology and Transplant Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Fittipaldi
- Department of Specialty, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), "F. Addarii" Institute of Oncology and Transplant Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy Department of Specialty, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Clinical Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Giunchi
- Department of Specialty, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), "F. Addarii" Institute of Oncology and Transplant Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Melissa Monica
- Department of Specialty, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), "F. Addarii" Institute of Oncology and Transplant Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Ravaioli
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessio Degiovanni
- Department of Specialty, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), "F. Addarii" Institute of Oncology and Transplant Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sonia Bonora
- Department of Specialty, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), "F. Addarii" Institute of Oncology and Transplant Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Golfieri
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Digestive Diseases and Internal Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Bolondi
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Walter F Grigioni
- Department of Specialty, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), "F. Addarii" Institute of Oncology and Transplant Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianandrea Pasquinelli
- Department of Specialty, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Clinical Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonia D'Errico-Grigioni
- Department of Specialty, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), "F. Addarii" Institute of Oncology and Transplant Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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273
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Heidegger I, Massoner P, Sampson N, Klocker H. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis as an anticancer target in prostate cancer. Cancer Lett 2015; 367:113-21. [PMID: 26231734 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in males. In recent years, several new targeting agents have been introduced for the treatment of advanced stages of the disease. However, development of resistance limits the efficacy of new drugs and there is a further need to develop additional novel treatment approaches. One of the most investigated targets in cancer research is the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, whose receptors are overexpressed in several cancer entities including PCa. In preclinical studies in PCa, targeting of the IGF axis receptors showed promising anti-tumor effects. Currently available data on clinical studies do not meet the expectations for this new treatment approach. In this review we provide a summary of preclinical and clinical studies on the IGF axis in PCa including treatment with monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Moreover, we summarize preliminary results from ongoing studies and discuss limitations and side effects of the substances used. We also address the role of the IGF axis in the biomarkers setting including IGF-binding proteins and genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Heidegger
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Petra Massoner
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natalie Sampson
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helmut Klocker
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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274
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Singh K, Maity P, Krug L, Meyer P, Treiber N, Lucas T, Basu A, Kochanek S, Wlaschek M, Geiger H, Scharffetter-Kochanek K. Superoxide anion radicals induce IGF-1 resistance through concomitant activation of PTP1B and PTEN. EMBO Mol Med 2015; 7:59-77. [PMID: 25520316 PMCID: PMC4309668 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201404082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved IGF-1 signalling pathway is associated with longevity, metabolism, tissue homeostasis, and cancer progression. Its regulation relies on the delicate balance between activating kinases and suppressing phosphatases and is still not very well understood. We report here that IGF-1 signalling in vitro and in a murine ageing model in vivo is suppressed in response to accumulation of superoxide anions () in mitochondria, either by chemical inhibition of complex I or by genetic silencing of -dismutating mitochondrial Sod2. The -dependent suppression of IGF-1 signalling resulted in decreased proliferation of murine dermal fibroblasts, affected translation initiation factors and suppressed the expression of α1(I), α1(III), and α2(I) collagen, the hallmarks of skin ageing. Enhanced led to activation of the phosphatases PTP1B and PTEN, which via dephosphorylation of the IGF-1 receptor and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate dampened IGF-1 signalling. Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of PTP1B and PTEN abrogated -induced IGF-1 resistance and rescued the ageing skin phenotype. We thus identify previously unreported signature events with , PTP1B, and PTEN as promising targets for drug development to prevent IGF-1 resistance-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karmveer Singh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany Aging Research Center (ARC), Ulm, Germany
| | - Pallab Maity
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany Aging Research Center (ARC), Ulm, Germany
| | - Linda Krug
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany Aging Research Center (ARC), Ulm, Germany
| | - Patrick Meyer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany Aging Research Center (ARC), Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicolai Treiber
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tanja Lucas
- Department of Gene Therapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Abhijit Basu
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Meinhard Wlaschek
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany Aging Research Center (ARC), Ulm, Germany
| | - Hartmut Geiger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany Aging Research Center (ARC), Ulm, Germany Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Aging, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Karin Scharffetter-Kochanek
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany Aging Research Center (ARC), Ulm, Germany
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275
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Singh S, Pandey S, Bhatt AN, Chaudhary R, Bhuria V, Kalra N, Soni R, Roy BG, Saluja D, Dwarakanath BS. Chronic Dietary Administration of the Glycolytic Inhibitor 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose (2-DG) Inhibits the Growth of Implanted Ehrlich's Ascites Tumor in Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132089. [PMID: 26135741 PMCID: PMC4489743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary energy restriction (DER) has been well established as a potent anticancer strategy. Non-adoption of restricted diet for an extended period has limited its practical implementation in humans with a compelling need to develop agents that mimic effects similar to DER, without reduction in actual dietary intake. Glycolytic inhibitor, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), has recently been shown to possess potential as an energy restriction mimetic agent (ERMA). In the present study we evaluated the effect of dietary 2-DG administration on a mouse tumor model, with a focus on several potential mechanisms that may account for the inhibition of tumorigenesis. Methodology/Principal Findings Swiss albino strain ‘A’ mice were administered with 0.2% and 0.4% w/v 2-DG in drinking water for 3 months prior to tumor implantation (Ehrlich’s ascites carcinoma; EAC) and continued till the termination of the study with no adverse effects on general physiology and animal growth. Dietary 2-DG significantly reduced the tumor incidence, delayed the onset, and compromised the tumor growth along with enhanced survival. We observed reduced blood glucose and serum insulin levels along with decreased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and bromodeoxyuridine positive (BrdU+) tumor cells in 2-DG fed mice. Also, reduced levels of certain key players of metabolic pathways such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated-Akt and hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) were also noted in tumors of 2-DG fed mice. Further, decrease in CD4+/CD8+ ratio and T-regulatory cells observed in 2-DG fed mice suggested enhanced antitumor immunity and T cell effector function. Conclusion/Significance These results strongly suggest that dietary 2-DG administration in mice, at doses easily achievable in humans, suitably modulates several pleotrophic factors mimicking DER and inhibits tumorigenesis, emphasizing the use of ERMAs as a promising cancer preventive strategy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/blood
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Blood Glucose/analysis
- CD4-CD8 Ratio
- Caloric Restriction
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/blood supply
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/immunology
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Deoxyglucose/administration & dosage
- Deoxyglucose/blood
- Deoxyglucose/pharmacology
- Deoxyglucose/therapeutic use
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Female
- Glycolysis/drug effects
- Insulin/blood
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/analysis
- Mice
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Premedication
- Random Allocation
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Singh
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Dr B.R Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Pandey
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Dr B.R Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Anant Narayan Bhatt
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - Richa Chaudhary
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Dr B.R Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Bhuria
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - Namita Kalra
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Soni
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - Bal Gangadhar Roy
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - Daman Saluja
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Dr B.R Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Bilikere S. Dwarakanath
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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276
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Hanna NH, Dahlberg SE, Kolesar JM, Aggarwal C, Hirsch FR, Ramalingam SS, Schiller JH. Three-arm, randomized, phase 2 study of carboplatin and paclitaxel in combination with cetuximab, cixutumumab, or both for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who will not receive bevacizumab-based therapy: An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) study (E4508). Cancer 2015; 121:2253-61. [PMID: 25740387 PMCID: PMC4560671 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical evidence supports the clinical investigation of inhibitors to the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) either alone or in combination as treatment for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Patients with chemotherapy-naïve, advanced NSCLC who had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 were eligible. Patients were randomized to receive carboplatin intravenously at an area under the plasma drug concentration-time curve of 6.0 plus paclitaxel 200 mg/m(2) intravenously on day 1 every 3 weeks combined with either intravenous cetuximab weekly (arm A), intravenous cixutumumab every 2 weeks (arm B), or both (arm C). Patients who had nonprogessing disease after 12 weeks of therapy were permitted to continue on maintenance antibody therapy until they developed progressive disease. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The study design required 180 eligible patients and had 88% power to detect a 60% increase in median PFS for either comparison (arm A vs arm C or arm B vs arm C) using the log-rank test. RESULTS From September 2009 to December 2010, 140 patients were accrued. The study was closed to accrual early because of an excessive number of grade 5 events reported on arms A and C. Thirteen patients died during treatment (6 patients on arm A, 2 patients on arm B, and 5 patients on arm C), including 9 within approximately 1 month of starting therapy. The estimated median PFS for arms A, B, and C were similar at 3.4 months, 4.2 months, and 4 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of the apparent lack of efficacy and excessive premature deaths, the current results do not support the continued investigation of carboplatin, paclitaxel, and cixutumumab either alone or in combination with cetuximab for patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser H Hanna
- Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Suzanne E Dahlberg
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jill M Kolesar
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Charu Aggarwal
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Fred R Hirsch
- School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | | | - Joan H Schiller
- Hematology/Oncology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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277
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De Bruijn K, Biermann K, Shapiro J, Dogan F, Spaander M, Janssen J, Wijnhoven B, Borsboom G, Hofland L, van Eijck C. Absence or low IGF-1R-expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma is associated with tumor invasiveness and radicality of surgical resection. J Surg Oncol 2015; 111:1047-53. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.23923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin De Bruijn
- Department of Surgery; Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Katharina Biermann
- Department of Pathology; Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Joel Shapiro
- Department of Surgery; Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Fadime Dogan
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Endocrinology; Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Manon Spaander
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Joseph Janssen
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Endocrinology; Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bas Wijnhoven
- Department of Surgery; Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Borsboom
- Department of Public Health; Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Leo Hofland
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Endocrinology; Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Casper van Eijck
- Department of Surgery; Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
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278
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Gately K, Forde L, Gray S, Morris D, Corvin A, Tewari P, O'Byrne K. Mutational analysis of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor tyrosine kinase domain in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Mol Clin Oncol 2015; 3:1073-1079. [PMID: 26623053 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2015.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and also provides a mechanism of resistance to targeted therapies. IGF1R is therefore an ideal therapeutic target and several inhibitors have entered clinical trials. However, thus far the response to these inhibitors has been poor, highlighting the importance of predictive biomarkers to identify patient cohorts who will benefit from these targeted agents. It is well-documented that mutations and/or deletions in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase (TK) domain predict sensitivity of NSCLC patients to EGFR TK inhibitors. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IGF pathway have been associated with disease, including breast and prostate cancer. The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether the IGF1R TK domain harbours SNPs, somatic mutations or deletions in NSCLC patients and correlates the mutation status to patient clinicopathological data and prognosis. Initially 100 NSCLC patients were screened for mutations/deletions in the IGF1R TK domain (exons 16-21) by sequencing analysis. Following the identification of SNP rs2229765, a further 98 NSCLC patients and 866 healthy disease-free control patients were genotyped using an SNP assay. The synonymous SNP (rs2229765) was the only aberrant base change identified in the IGF1R TK domain of 100 NSCLC patients initially analysed. SNP rs2229765 was detected in exon 16 and was found to have no significant association between IGF1R expression and survival. The GA genotype was identified in 53.5 and 49.4% of NSCLC patients and control individuals, respectively. No significant difference was found in the genotype (P=0.5487) or allele (P=0.9082) frequencies between the case and control group. The present findings indicate that in contrast to the EGFR TK domain, the IGF1R TK domain is not frequently mutated in NSCLC patients. The synonymous SNP (rs2229765) had no significant association between IGF1R expression and survival in the cohort of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Gately
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Lydia Forde
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Stephen Gray
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Derek Morris
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Aidan Corvin
- Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Republic of Ireland
| | - Prerna Tewari
- Molecular Pathology Research Group, Trinity College, Coombe Womens and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Kenneth O'Byrne
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland ; Medical Oncology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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279
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Lee Y, Wang Y, James M, Jeong JH, You M. Inhibition of IGF1R signaling abrogates resistance to afatinib (BIBW2992) in EGFR T790M mutant lung cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:991-1001. [PMID: 26052929 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation have benefited from treatment of reversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as gefitinib and erlotinib. Acquisition of a secondary mutation in EGFR T790M is the most common mechanism of resistance to first generation EGFR TKIs, resulting in therapeutic failure. Afatinib is a second generation of EGFR TKI that showed great efficacy against tumors bearing the EGFR T790M mutation, but it failed to show the improvement on overall survival of lung cancer patients with EGFR mutations possibly because of novel acquired resistance mechanisms. Currently, there are no therapeutic options available for lung cancer patients who develop acquired resistance to afatinib. To identify novel resistance mechanism(s) to afatinib, we developed afatinib resistant cell lines from a parental human-derived NSCLC cell line, H1975, harboring both EGFR L858R and T790M mutations. We found that activation of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) signaling pathway contributes to afatinib resistance in NSCLC cells harboring the T790M mutation. IGF1R knockdown not only significantly sensitizes resistant cells to afatinib, but also induces apoptosis in afatinib resistance cells. In addition, combination treatment with afatinib and linsitinib shows more than additive effects on tumor growth in in vivo H1975 xenograft. Therefore, these finding suggest that IGF1R inhibition or combination of EGFR-IGF1R inhibition strategies would be potential ways to prevent or potentiate the effects of current therapeutic options to lung cancer patients demonstrating resistance to either first or second generation EGFR TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongik Lee
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Yian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Michael James
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Joseph H Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ming You
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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280
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Abstract
On the basis of data obtained from a prospective cohort of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), we discuss cancer subphenotypes (risk factors) in patients with T2DM, which can lead to drug-cancer subphenotype interactions. These subphenotypes include HDL cholesterol levels <1.0 mmol/l, co-occurrence of LDL cholesterol levels <2.8 mmol/l and triglyceride levels <1.7 mmol/l, and co-occurrence of LDL cholesterol levels <2.8 mmol/l and albuminuria. The increased risk of cancer associated with low levels of HDL cholesterol, low LDL cholesterol levels plus low triglyceride levels, and low levels of LDL cholesterol plus albuminuria can be reduced by treatment with metformin, renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors and statins, respectively. Mechanistic studies support the hypothesis that dysregulation of the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase pathway and crosstalk between the RAS and insulin-like growth factor 1-cholesterol pathways create a cancer-promoting milieu in patients with T2DM. These findings highlight that in Chinese individuals, multiple pathways are implicated in the link between T2DM and cancer, which can generate multiple subphenotypes as well as drug-subphenotype interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Heung M Lee
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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281
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Child CJ, Conroy D, Zimmermann AG, Woodmansee WW, Erfurth EM, Robison LL. Incidence of primary cancers and intracranial tumour recurrences in GH-treated and untreated adult hypopituitary patients: analyses from the Hypopituitary Control and Complications Study. Eur J Endocrinol 2015; 172:779-90. [PMID: 25810462 DOI: 10.1530/eje-14-1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Speculation remains that GH treatment is associated with increased neoplasia risk. Studies in GH-treated childhood cancer survivors suggested higher rates of second neoplasms, while cancer risk data for GH-treated and untreated hypopituitary adults have been variable. We present primary cancer risk data from the Hypopituitary Control and Complications Study (HypoCCS) with a focus on specific cancers, and assessment of recurrence rates for pituitary adenomas (PA) and craniopharyngiomas (CP). DESIGN Incident neoplasms during HypoCCS were evaluated in 8418 GH-treated vs 1268 untreated patients for primary malignancies, 3668 GH-treated vs 720 untreated patients with PA history, and 956 GH-treated vs 102 untreated patients with CP history. METHODS Using population cancer rates, standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for all primary cancers, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers. Neoplasm rates in GH-treated vs untreated patients were analysed after propensity score adjustment of baseline treatment group imbalances. RESULTS During mean follow-up of 4.8 years, 225 primary cancers were identified in GH-treated patients, with SIR of 0.82 (95% CI 0.71-0.93). SIRs (95% CI) for GH-treated patients were 0.59 (0.36-0.90) for breast, 0.80 (0.57-1.10) for prostate, and 0.62 (0.38-0.96) for colorectal cancers. Cancer risk was not statistically different between GH-treated and untreated patients (relative risk (RR)=1.00 (95% CI 0.70-1.41), P=0.98). Adjusted RR for recurrence was 0.91 (0.68-1.22), P=0.53 for PA and 1.32 (0.53-3.31), P=0.55 for CP. CONCLUSIONS There was no increased risk for all-site cancers: breast, prostate or colorectal primary cancers in GH-treated patients during HypoCCS. GH treatment did not increase the risk of PA and CP recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Child
- Lilly Research LaboratoriesErl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UKinVentiv Health ClinicalBurlington, Massachusetts 01803 USALilly Research LaboratoriesIndianapolis, Indiana 46285, USADivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USADepartment of EndocrinologySkånes University Hospital, Lund 221 85, SwedenDepartment of Epidemiology and Cancer ControlSt Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-3678, USA
| | - Daniel Conroy
- Lilly Research LaboratoriesErl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UKinVentiv Health ClinicalBurlington, Massachusetts 01803 USALilly Research LaboratoriesIndianapolis, Indiana 46285, USADivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USADepartment of EndocrinologySkånes University Hospital, Lund 221 85, SwedenDepartment of Epidemiology and Cancer ControlSt Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-3678, USA
| | - Alan G Zimmermann
- Lilly Research LaboratoriesErl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UKinVentiv Health ClinicalBurlington, Massachusetts 01803 USALilly Research LaboratoriesIndianapolis, Indiana 46285, USADivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USADepartment of EndocrinologySkånes University Hospital, Lund 221 85, SwedenDepartment of Epidemiology and Cancer ControlSt Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-3678, USA
| | - Whitney W Woodmansee
- Lilly Research LaboratoriesErl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UKinVentiv Health ClinicalBurlington, Massachusetts 01803 USALilly Research LaboratoriesIndianapolis, Indiana 46285, USADivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USADepartment of EndocrinologySkånes University Hospital, Lund 221 85, SwedenDepartment of Epidemiology and Cancer ControlSt Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-3678, USA
| | - Eva Marie Erfurth
- Lilly Research LaboratoriesErl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UKinVentiv Health ClinicalBurlington, Massachusetts 01803 USALilly Research LaboratoriesIndianapolis, Indiana 46285, USADivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USADepartment of EndocrinologySkånes University Hospital, Lund 221 85, SwedenDepartment of Epidemiology and Cancer ControlSt Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-3678, USA
| | - Leslie L Robison
- Lilly Research LaboratoriesErl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UKinVentiv Health ClinicalBurlington, Massachusetts 01803 USALilly Research LaboratoriesIndianapolis, Indiana 46285, USADivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USADepartment of EndocrinologySkånes University Hospital, Lund 221 85, SwedenDepartment of Epidemiology and Cancer ControlSt Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-3678, USA
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282
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Abstract
Recombinant human GH (rhGH) has been available since 1985. This article gives an overview, what has been achieved over the past 30 years in respect to optimization of rhGH treatment for the individual child with GH deficiency and what are the safety issues concerned with this treatment. In the last twenty years significant scientific progress has been made in the diagnosis of GH deficiency, the genetic disorders that are associated with pituitary GH deficiency and the genetics that influence growth in general. On the other hand rhGH is not only used in states of GH deficiency but also various conditions without a proven GH deficiency by classical standards. Clinical studies that investigated both the genetics of growth and the individual responses to rhGH therapy in these patient populations were able to refine our concept about the physiology of normal growth. In most patients under rhGH treatment there is a considerable short-term effect, however the overall gain in growth obtained by a long-term treatment until final height still remains a matter of debate in some of the conditions treated. Also first studies on the long-term safety risks of rhGH treatment have raised the question whether this treatment is similarly safe for all the patient groups eligible for such a treatment. Therefore even in the face of a longstanding safety record of this drug replacement therapy the discussion about the right cost and risk to benefit ratio is continuing. Consequently there is still a need for carefully conducted long-term studies that use modern anthropometric, genetic, and laboratory techniques in order to provide the necessary information for clinicians to select the patients that will benefit best from this valuable treatment without any long term risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Pfäffle
- University Children's Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20a, 0413 Leipzig, Germany.
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283
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Cheng S, Gomez K, Serri O, Chik C, Ezzat S. The role of diabetes in acromegaly associated neoplasia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127276. [PMID: 25996963 PMCID: PMC4440645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The risk and mortality due to cancer in patients with acromegaly have been previously investigated. Although GH/IGF-1 excess provides a probable pathophysiological explanation, the degree of IGF-1 excess and the role in acromegaly-associated neoplasms of diabetes, a common comorbidity in acromegaly with known association with cancer, remains unclear. Methods Acromegalic patients treated in three Canadian referral centers (Toronto, Montreal, Edmonton) were included. All available clinical information was recorded including: age, initial and last percentage of the upper limit of normal (%ULN) IGF-1 levels, comorbidities and other neoplasms (benign and malignant). Results 408 cases were assessed. 185 were women (45.3%), 126 (30.9%) developed extra-pituitary neoplasms: 55 malignant and 71 benign. The most frequent anatomic site was the gastrointestinal tract (46 [11.3%]), followed by head and neck (36 [8.8%]) and multiple locations (14 [3.4%]). 106 (26.0%) cases had diabetes. Initial IGF-1 was significantly higher in men older than 50 (380.15 vs. 284.78, p = 0.001) when compared to men younger than 50. Diabetics showed significantly higher initial IGF-1 (389.38 vs. 285.27, p = 0.009), as did diabetics older than 50 compared with those without diabetes. 45.3% (48/106) of cases with diabetes developed extra-pituitary neoplasms vs. 24.3% (71/292) without diabetes (p = 0.001, OR: 2.576 95%CI 1.615–4.108). 22.6% (24/106) of cases with diabetes developed malignant tumors vs. 9.2% (27/292), (p < 0.001, OR 2.873, 95%CI 1.572–5.250). Conclusions These data suggest that acromegalic patients with diabetes are more likely to develop extra-pituitary neoplasms and their initial IGF-1 levels are higher. The contribution of IGF-1 vs. diabetes alone or in combination in the development of extra-pituitary neoplasms warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Karen Gomez
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Omar Serri
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Constance Chik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shereen Ezzat
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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284
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Zhao Q, Tran H, Dimitrov DS, Cheung NKV. A dual-specific anti-IGF-1/IGF-2 human monoclonal antibody alone and in combination with temsirolimus for therapy of neuroblastoma. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:2243-52. [PMID: 25924852 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF-1 and IGF-2, have been implicated in the growth, survival and metastasis of a broad range of malignancies including pediatric tumors. They bind to the IGF receptor type 1 (IGF-1R) and the insulin receptor (IR) which are overexpressed in many types of solid malignancies. Activation of the IR by IGF-2 results in increased survival of tumor cells. We have previously identified a novel human monoclonal antibody, m708.5, which binds with high (pM) affinity to both human IGF-1 and IGF-2, and potently inhibits phosphorylation of the IGF-1R and the IR in tumor cells. m708.5 exhibited strong antitumor activity as a single agent against most cell lines derived from neuroblastoma, Ewing family of tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma. When tested in neuroblastoma cell lines, it showed strong synergy with temsirolimus and synergy with chemotherapeutic agents in vitro. In xenograft models, the combination of m708.5 and temsirolimus significantly inhibited neuroblastoma growth and prolonged mouse survival. Taken together, these results support the clinical development of m708.5 for pediatric solid tumors with potential for synergy with chemotherapy and mTOR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.,Laboratory of Fully Human Antibody Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Hoa Tran
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Dimiter S Dimitrov
- Protein Interaction Section, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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285
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Ketha H, Singh RJ. Clinical assays for quantitation of insulin-like-growth-factor-1 (IGF1). Methods 2015; 81:93-8. [PMID: 25937392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), a 70 amino acid peptide hormone is the principal mediator of effects of growth hormone (GH). Since GH secretion is pulsatile in nature and is affected by many factors including sleep, feeding and exercise it is not a reliable marker for diagnosis of GH related disorders. On the other hand, IGF1 levels does not undergo short-term fluctuations in the manner that GH does making it the preferred IGF1 biomarker for the diagnosis of growth related disorders. There are several immunoassays available for IGF1 determination. Since majority (>90%) of IGF1 circulates as a ternary complex bound to its principal carrier/binding protein, IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) and acid labile subunit (ALS), the assay methodology used to quantitate IGF1 has to dissociate IGF1 from IGFBPs prior to quantitation. IGFBPs are known to be a source of interference in immunoassays and many techniques have been employed to circumvent this issue. Immunoassays rely on antibody specificity towards IGF1 and differential cross reactivity towards IGFBPs. Mass spectrometry (MS) has also been employed for quantitation of IGF1. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assays for IGF1 rely on generating tryptic peptides followed by selective reaction monitoring (SRM) while LC high resolution accurate-mass mass spectrometry (LC-HRAMS) approaches for intact IGF1 rely on mass accuracy for reliable, robust and accurate quantitation. This review article will focus on the clinical assays available and the clinical utility of quantitative assessment of IGF1. IGF1 quantitation using diverse assay platforms including immunoassay, LC-MS/MS and LC-HRAMS are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemamalini Ketha
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Ravinder J Singh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States.
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286
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Yu EY, Li H, Higano CS, Agarwal N, Pal SK, Alva A, Heath EI, Lam ET, Gupta S, Lilly MB, Inoue Y, Chi KN, Vogelzang NJ, Quinn DI, Cheng HH, Plymate SR, Hussain M, Tangen CM, Thompson IM. SWOG S0925: A Randomized Phase II Study of Androgen Deprivation Combined With Cixutumumab Versus Androgen Deprivation Alone in Patients With New Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33:1601-8. [PMID: 25847934 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.59.4127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cixutumumab, formerly IMC-A12, is a recombinant human monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 antibody that targets insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR). Cixutumumab was synergistic with castration in a hormone-sensitive prostate cancer xenograft model. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with new metastatic prostate cancer were randomly assigned within 30 days of initiating androgen deprivation (AD) to cixutumumab added to a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist with bicalutamide versus AD alone. With 180 patients and one-sided alpha of 0.10, there would be 90% power to detect an absolute 20% difference in undetectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA; ≤ 0.2 ng/mL) rate at 28 weeks (relative risk, 1.44); this end point was previously strongly correlated with survival. Secondary end points included the proportion of patients with PSA > 4.0 ng/mL, safety and tolerability, circulating tumor cell (CTC) levels, and seven plasma IGF-IR biomarkers. Fisher's exact test was used for the primary end point, and extended Mantel-Haenszel χ(2) test was used for three PSA response categories. RESULTS The trial accrued 210 eligible patients (105 randomly assigned to each arm). Patient characteristics were similar in both arms. Undetectable PSA rate was 42 (40.0%) of 105 for cixutumumab plus AD and 34 (32.3%) of 105 for AD alone (relative risk, 1.24; one-sided P = .16). Lower baseline CTCs (0 v 1 to 4 v ≥ 5/7.5 mL whole blood) were associated with higher rate of PSA response (three categories; P = .036) in 39 evaluable patients. IGF-IR biomarkers were not correlated with PSA outcome, and cixutumumab did not significantly change these biomarker levels. CONCLUSION Cixutumumab plus AD did not significantly increase the undetectable PSA rate in men with new metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. CTCs at baseline may carry prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Y Yu
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX.
| | - Hongli Li
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Celestia S Higano
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Sumanta K Pal
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Ajjai Alva
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Elisabeth I Heath
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Elaine T Lam
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Shilpa Gupta
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Michael B Lilly
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Yoshio Inoue
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Kim N Chi
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Nicholas J Vogelzang
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - David I Quinn
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Heather H Cheng
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Stephen R Plymate
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Maha Hussain
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Catherine M Tangen
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Ian M Thompson
- Evan Y. Yu, Hongli Li, Celestia S. Higano, Heather H. Cheng, and Catherine M. Tangen, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington; Stephen R. Plymate, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle; Yoshio Inoue, Multicare Regional Cancer Center, Tacoma, WA; Neeraj Agarwal, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Sumanta K. Pal, City of Hope, Duarte; David I. Quinn, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ajjai Alva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Elaine T. Lam, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; Shilpa Gupta, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morisani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Michael B. Lilly, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Kim N. Chi, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV; and Ian M. Thompson Jr, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
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Urtasun N, Vidal-Pla A, Pérez-Torras S, Mazo A. Human pancreatic cancer stem cells are sensitive to dual inhibition of IGF-IR and ErbB receptors. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:223. [PMID: 25886138 PMCID: PMC4403908 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1249-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a particularly challenging malignancy characterized by poor responsiveness to conventional chemotherapy. Although this tumor frequently overexpresses or possesses constitutively activated variants of IGF-IR and EGFR/Her-2, clinical trials using inhibitors of these receptors have failed. ErbB receptors have been proposed as one mechanism involved in the resistance to IGF-IR inhibitors. Therefore, combined treatment with inhibitors of both IGF-IR and ErbB receptors would appear to be a good strategy for overcoming the emergence of resistance. Methods Sensitivity of cells to NVP-AEW541 and lapatinib in single or combination treatment was assessed by MTT or WST-8 assays in a panel of human pancreatic cancer cell lines and cancer stem cells. Tumorspheres enriched in cancer stem cells were obtained from cultures growing in non-adherent cell plates. The effects on cell signalling pathways were analyzed by Western blot. Results We found that combined treatment with the IGF-IR and EGFR/Her-2 inhibitors NVP-AEW541 and lapatinib, respectively, synergistically inhibited pancreatic cancer cell growth. Analysis at molecular level argued in favor of cross-talk between IGF-IR and ErbBs pathways at IRS-1 level and indicated that the synergistic effect is associated with the total abolishment of Akt, Erk and IRS-1 phosphorylation. Moreover, these inhibitors acted synergistically in tumorsphere cultures to eliminate cancer stem cells, in contrast to their resistance to gemcitabine. Conclusions Taken together, these data indicate that simultaneous blockade of IGF-IR and EGFR/Her-2 using NVP-AEW541 and lapatinib may overcome resistance in pancreatic cancer. Thus, the synergy observed with this combined treatment indicates that it may be possible to maximize patient benefit with the appropriate combination of currently known anticancer agents. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1249-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Urtasun
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anna Vidal-Pla
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sandra Pérez-Torras
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Adela Mazo
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain.
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288
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Wu J, Yu E. Insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-IR) as a target for prostate cancer therapy. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2015; 33:607-17. [PMID: 24414227 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-013-9482-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men each year. Androgen deprivation therapy is and has been the gold standard of care for advanced or metastatic prostate cancer for decades. While this treatment strategy initially shows benefit, eventually tumors recur as castration-resistant prostate cancer for which there are limited treatment options with only modest survival benefit. Upregulation of the insulin-like growth factor receptor type I (IGF-IR) signaling axis has been shown to drive the survival of prostate cancer cells in many studies. As many IGF-IR blockades have been developed, few have been tested preclinically and even fewer have entered clinical trials for prostate cancer therapy. In this review, we will update the most recent preclinical and clinical studies of IGF-IR therapy for prostate cancer. We will also discuss the challenges for IGF-IR targeted therapies to achieve clinical benefit for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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289
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Walker EJ, Ko AH, Holly EA, Bracci PM. Metformin use among type 2 diabetics and risk of pancreatic cancer in a clinic-based case-control study. Int J Cancer 2015; 136:E646-53. [PMID: 25091126 PMCID: PMC4289450 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A better understanding of the association between diabetes and pancreatic cancer (PC) may inform prevention and/or early detection strategies. Metformin has been associated with reduced risk of certain cancers, including PC, in some observational clinical studies. We assessed whether metformin use was associated with PC risk among those with type 2 diabetes (DM2), and whether metformin use modulated the association between DM2 and risk of PC. In total, 536 PC cases and 869 frequency-matched controls were recruited predominantly from University of California San Francisco medical clinics from 2006 to 2011. Eligible participants completed direct interviews using a structured risk factor questionnaire. The association between metformin use and PC risk was assessed using propensity score-weighted unconditional logistic regression methods in analyses restricted to diabetics and adjusted multivariable logistic models in the total study population. Ever use of metformin was not associated with PC risk in analyses restricted to DM2 (N = 170) participants (adjusted OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.61-1.68). In the total study population (N = 1,405) using nondiabetics as the referent group, PC risk was inversely associated with diabetes duration (ptrend < 0.001). Further, when DM2 participants were grouped by ever/never use of metformin and compared with nondiabetics, metformin use did not affect the association between DM2 and PC risk (never users: OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 0.78-2.67; ever users: OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 0.72-1.99). Results from our clinic-based case-control study suggest that metformin use is not associated with PC risk among those with DM2 and does not alter the association between DM2 and PC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan J Walker
- University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA
| | - Andrew H Ko
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Elizabeth A Holly
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Paige M Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Heskamp S, Boerman OC, Molkenboer-Kuenen JDM, Koornstra RHT, Linn SC, Oyen WJG, van der Graaf WTA, van Laarhoven HWM. Dynamics of IGF-1R expression during endocrine breast cancer treatment. Mol Imaging Biol 2015; 16:529-37. [PMID: 24532107 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-014-0723-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to assess changes in insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) expression with immunoSPECT/CT and to study the dynamics of IGF-1R expression of human breast tumors during endocrine treatment. PROCEDURES Mice with MCF-7 xenografts were treated with estradiol or tamoxifen, and IGF-1R expression was measured by immunohistochemistry and immunoSPECT/CT using (111)In-R1507 (anti-IGF-1R antibody). Moreover, IGF-1R expression was analyzed immunohistochemically on 22 human breast tumors, treated preoperatively with endocrine therapy. RESULTS Estradiol resulted in an increased expression of IGF-1R, as measured by immunohistochemistry and immunoSPECT/CT. In contrast, tamoxifen resulted in a downregulation of IGF-1R, whereas this could not be measured with immunoSPECT/CT. A downregulation was also detectable in 9 out of 22 (41 %) human breast tumors after endocrine therapy. CONCLUSIONS Anti-estrogen treatment can cause a reduction in membranous IGF-1R expression. Based on these results, a combination of anti-IGF-1R antibodies with anti-estrogen therapy might not be a rational treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Heskamp
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,
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Evasion of anti-growth signaling: A key step in tumorigenesis and potential target for treatment and prophylaxis by natural compounds. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S55-S77. [PMID: 25749195 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The evasion of anti-growth signaling is an important characteristic of cancer cells. In order to continue to proliferate, cancer cells must somehow uncouple themselves from the many signals that exist to slow down cell growth. Here, we define the anti-growth signaling process, and review several important pathways involved in growth signaling: p53, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), retinoblastoma protein (Rb), Hippo, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), AT-rich interactive domain 1A (ARID1A), Notch, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) pathways. Aberrations in these processes in cancer cells involve mutations and thus the suppression of genes that prevent growth, as well as mutation and activation of genes involved in driving cell growth. Using these pathways as examples, we prioritize molecular targets that might be leveraged to promote anti-growth signaling in cancer cells. Interestingly, naturally occurring phytochemicals found in human diets (either singly or as mixtures) may promote anti-growth signaling, and do so without the potentially adverse effects associated with synthetic chemicals. We review examples of naturally occurring phytochemicals that may be applied to prevent cancer by antagonizing growth signaling, and propose one phytochemical for each pathway. These are: epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) for the Rb pathway, luteolin for p53, curcumin for PTEN, porphyrins for Hippo, genistein for GDF15, resveratrol for ARID1A, withaferin A for Notch and diguelin for the IGF1-receptor pathway. The coordination of anti-growth signaling and natural compound studies will provide insight into the future application of these compounds in the clinical setting.
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292
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Liu J, Yuan Y, Zhao Y, Li H, Wang J, Wang Z. Convergence and divergence of genetic and modular networks between diabetes and breast cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:1094-102. [PMID: 25752479 PMCID: PMC4420611 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and breast cancer (BC) can simultaneously occur in the same patient populations, but the molecular relationship between them remains unknown. In this study, we constructed genetic networks and used modularized analysis approaches to investigate the multi-dimensional characteristics of two diseases and one disease subtype. A text search engine (Agilent Literature Search 2.71) and MCODE software were applied to validate potential subnetworks and to divide the modules, respectively. A total of 793 DM-related genes, 386 type 2 diabetes (T2DM) genes and 873 BC-related genes were identified from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database. For DM and BC, a total of 99 overlapping genes, 9 modules, 29 biological processes and 7 pathways were identified. Meanwhile, for T2DM and BC, 56 overlapping genes, 5 modules, 20 biological processes and 12 pathways were identified. Based on the Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis of the top 10 non-overlapping modules of the two diseases, 10 biological functions and 5 pathways overlapped between them. The glycosphingolipid and lysosome pathways verified molecular mechanisms of cell death related to both DM and BC. We also identified new biological functions of dopamine receptors and four signalling pathways (Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease and long-term depression) related to both diseases; these warrant further investigation. Our results illustrate the landscape of the novel molecular substructures between DM and BC, which may support a new model for complex disease classification and rational therapies for multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Zhang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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293
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Kucera R, Topolcan O, Pecen L, Kinkorova J, Svobodova S, Windrichova J, Fuchsova R. Reference values of IGF1, IGFBP3 and IGF1/IGFBP3 ratio in adult population in the Czech Republic. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 444:271-7. [PMID: 25744488 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IGF1 is responsible for regulation of growth, metabolism and differentiation of human cells. IGFBP3 is the most abundant of the carrier proteins for IGF1 in the blood. IGF1/IGFBP3 molar ratio is an indicator of IGF1 bioavailability. We decided to create a file of reference ranges of IGF1, IGFBP3 and IGF1/IGFBPP3 ratio for the adult Czech population across the age spectrum. METHODS We selected a group of 1022 subjects, 467 males and 555 females (ages 20-98 years), from several regions in the Czech Republic. The group consisted of blood donors and patients undergoing regular preventive examinations. Serum levels of IGF1 and IGFBP3 were measured using the following radioimmunoassay kits: IRMA IGF1 (Immunotech, Marseille, France) and IRMA IGFBP3 (Immunotech, Prague, Czech Republic). The IGF1/IGFBP3 ratio was also calculated. The following groups of patients were excluded: patients with diabetes, high blood glucose, high insulin levels, post-surgery patients, polymorbid patients, and subjects with oncological diseases. Subjects were divided into seven age-groups. Changes in the levels of observed analytes in each decade across the age spectrum were evaluated. All statistical analyses were performed by SAS 9.3 (Statistical Analysis Software release 9.3; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). RESULTS All three parameters IGF1, IGFBP3 and IGF1/IGFBP3 decreased in parallel with decrease in age: p<0.0001, r=-0.64, -0.35 and -0.54, respectively. The dynamics of the decline was different between males and females. Linear regression models with age as independent variable fitted by gender are displayed in Fig. 1. Non-parametric reference interval curves (medians and 2.5th-97.5th percentiles) for IGF1, IGFBP3 and IGF1/IGFBP3 ratio as function of age by gender are displayed in Fig. 2(a,b,c). All medians and 2.5th-97.5th percentiles were plotted by cubic spline. For males, linear regression models were as follows: IGF1=291.34619-2.41211 × age, IGFBP3=2931.62778-6.11659 × age, IGF1/IGFBP3=0.02897-0.00021213 × age. For females, we plotted the following: IGF1=241.67406-1.98466 × age, IGFBP3=3688.60561-16.39560 × age, IGF1/IGFBP3=0.02029-0.00013233 × age. IGF1 was statistically significantly higher in males with p<0.0001 (Wilcoxon test) but decreased faster (p=0.0121). IGFBP3 was statistically significantly higher in females with p=0.0004 (Wilcoxon test) but decreased faster (p<0.0001). IGF1/IGFBP3 was statistically significantly higher in males with p<0.0001 (Wilcoxon test) but decreased faster (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION Authors recommend using of a linear regression model based reference ranges for IGF1, IGFBP3 and IGF1/IGFBP3 ratio and using different reference ranges for genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Kucera
- Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, Faculty Hospital Pilsen, Czech Republic; Medical Faculty Pilsen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Topolcan
- Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, Faculty Hospital Pilsen, Czech Republic; Medical Faculty Pilsen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Pecen
- Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, Faculty Hospital Pilsen, Czech Republic; Medical Faculty Pilsen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Judita Kinkorova
- Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, Faculty Hospital Pilsen, Czech Republic; Medical Faculty Pilsen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Svobodova
- Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, Faculty Hospital Pilsen, Czech Republic; Medical Faculty Pilsen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jindra Windrichova
- Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, Faculty Hospital Pilsen, Czech Republic; Medical Faculty Pilsen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Fuchsova
- Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, Faculty Hospital Pilsen, Czech Republic; Medical Faculty Pilsen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Lee BS, Cha BH, Park EC, Roh J. Risk factors for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: a hospital-based case-control study. Liver Int 2015; 35:1048-53. [PMID: 24923595 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) is the most common form of bile duct cancer, arising from cholangiocytes at the confluence of hepatic ducts. Given the diversity of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) aetiology according to the location, and the scarcity of studies on the aetiology of pCCA, we aimed to identify the risk factors for pCCA. METHODS A total of 81 patients diagnosed with pCCA between July 2007 and December 2013, and 162 controls matched 2:1 for age, sex and date of diagnosis were included in this hospital-based case-control study. Potential risk factors were retrospectively investigated through clinical records, and the associations with pCCA were studied by calculating the odds ratios (ORs) using conditional logistic regression analysis. RESULTS In the univariate model, the prevalence of choledocholithiasis (OR: 14.00, P = 0.014), hepatolithiasis (OR: 12.00, P = 0.021) and diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR: 2.74, P = 0.005) was higher in pCCA patients than in controls. Heavy smoking and cirrhosis were marginally significant risk factors for pCCA (P < 0.1). Multivariate analysis revealed an association between pCCA and hepatolithiasis, choledocholithiasis, DM, and heavy smoking, each, with adjusted ORs of 16.47, 9.39, 3.36 and 2.52 respectively. DM, heavy smoking, hepatolithiasis and choledocholithiasis accounted for about 22.5%, 17.1%, 8.5% and 4.8% of pCCA risk respectively (population attributable risk percentage). CONCLUSION Our data showed that DM, heavy smoking, choledocholithiasis and hepatolithiasis were risk factors for pCCA development, implying that pCCA may share some aetiological factors with intrahepatic CCA although it has been classified as extrahepatic CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ban Seok Lee
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Digestive Disease Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
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295
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Expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) predicts poor responses to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring activating EGFR mutations. Lung Cancer 2015; 87:311-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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296
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Becker MA, Haluska P, Bale LK, Oxvig C, Conover CA. A novel neutralizing antibody targeting pregnancy-associated plasma protein-a inhibits ovarian cancer growth and ascites accumulation in patient mouse tumorgrafts. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:973-81. [PMID: 25695953 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The majority of ovarian cancer patients acquire resistance to standard platinum chemotherapy and novel therapies to reduce tumor burden and ascites accumulation are needed. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) plays a key role in promoting insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway activity, which directly correlates to ovarian cancer cell transformation, growth, and invasiveness. Herein, we evaluate PAPP-A expression in tumors and ascites of women with ovarian cancer, and determine the antitumor efficacy of a neutralizing monoclonal PAPP-A antibody (mAb-PA) in ovarian cancer using primary patient ovarian tumorgrafts ("Ovatars"). PAPP-A mRNA expression in patient ovarian tumors correlated with poor outcome and was validated as a prognostic surrogate in Ovatar tumors. Following confirmation of mAb-PA bioavailability and target efficacy in vivo, the antitumor efficacy of mAb-PA in multiple Ovatar tumor models was examined and the response was found to depend on PAPP-A expression. Strikingly, the addition of mAb-PA to standard platinum chemotherapy effectively sensitized platinum-resistant Ovatar tumors. PAPP-A protein in ascites was also assessed in a large cohort of patients and very high levels were evident across the entire sample set. Therefore, we evaluated targeted PAPP-A inhibition as a novel approach to managing ovarian ascites, and found that mAb-PA inhibited the development, attenuated the progression, and induced the regression of Ovatar ascites. Together, these data indicate PAPP-A as a potential palliative and adjunct therapeutic target for women with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Becker
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Paul Haluska
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Laurie K Bale
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Claus Oxvig
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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297
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Upregulation of IGF-1R expression during neoadjuvant therapy predicts poor outcome in breast cancer patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117745. [PMID: 25680198 PMCID: PMC4334229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) may be involved in the development of resistance against conventional cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to assess whether IGF-1R expression of breast tumors changes during neoadjuvant therapy and to study whether these changes were associated with survival. Methods Paraffin embedded tumor tissue was collected from pretreatment biopsies and surgical resections of 62 breast cancer patients who were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or endocrine therapy. IGF-1R expression was determined immunohistochemically and compared before and after treatment. Results High membranous IGF-1R expression at diagnosis correlated significantly with ER positivity, low tumor stage (stage I/II) and longer overall survival (p < 0.05). After neoadjuvant treatment, membranous IGF-1R expression remained the same in 41 (65%) tumors, was upregulated in 11 (18%) tumors and downregulated in 11 (18%) tumors. Changes in membranous IGF-1R expression were associated with overall survival (log-rank test: p = 0.013, multivariate cox-regression: p = 0.086). Mean overall survival time for upregulation, no change, and downregulation in IGF-1R expression was 3.0 ± 0.5 years, 7.3 ± 1.0 years and 15.0 ± 1.8 years, respectively. Changes in other parameters were not significantly associated with survival. Conclusion Neoadjuvant therapy can induce changes in IGF-1R expression. Upregulation of IGF-1R expression after neoadjuvant treatment is a poor prognostic factor in breast cancer patients, providing a rationale for incorporating anti-IGF-1R drugs in the management of these patients.
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298
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Wang N, Rayes RF, Elahi SM, Lu Y, Hancock MA, Massie B, Rowe GE, Aomari H, Hossain S, Durocher Y, Pinard M, Tabariès S, Siegel PM, Brodt P. The IGF-Trap: Novel Inhibitor of Carcinoma Growth and Metastasis. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:982-93. [PMID: 25673819 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The IGFI receptor promotes malignant progression and has been recognized as a target for cancer therapy. Clinical trials with anti-IGFIR antibodies provided evidence of therapeutic efficacy but exposed limitations due in part to effects on, and the compensatory function of, the insulin receptor system. Here, we report on the production, characterization, and biologic activity of a novel, IGF-targeting protein (the IGF-Trap) comprising a soluble form of hIGFIR and the Fc portion of hIgG1. The IGF-Trap has a high affinity for hIGFI and hIGFII but low affinity for insulin, as revealed by surface plasmon resonance. It efficiently blocked IGFIR signaling in several carcinoma cell types and inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. In vivo, the IGF-Trap showed favorable pharmacokinetic properties and could suppress the growth of established breast carcinoma tumors when administered therapeutically into tumor-bearing mice, improving disease-free survival. Moreover, IGF-Trap treatment markedly reduced experimental liver metastasis of colon and lung carcinoma cells, increasing tumor cell apoptosis and reducing angiogenesis. Finally, when compared with an anti-IGFIR antibody or IGF-binding protein-1 that were used at similar or higher concentrations, the IGF-Trap showed superior therapeutic efficacy to both inhibitors. Taken together, we have developed a targeted therapeutic molecule with highly potent anticancer effects that could address limitations of current IGFIR-targeting agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Wang
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Roni F Rayes
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Seyyed Mehdy Elahi
- Biotechnology Research Institute (National Research Council), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yifan Lu
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mark A Hancock
- SPR-MS Facility, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Bernard Massie
- Biotechnology Research Institute (National Research Council), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Gerald E Rowe
- Biotechnology Research Institute (National Research Council), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Hafida Aomari
- Biotechnology Research Institute (National Research Council), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sazzad Hossain
- Biotechnology Research Institute (National Research Council), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- Biotechnology Research Institute (National Research Council), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maxime Pinard
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Tabariès
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada. Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter M Siegel
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada. Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada. Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pnina Brodt
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada. Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada. Department of Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
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299
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Ilatovskaya DV, Levchenko V, Brands MW, Pavlov TS, Staruschenko A. Cross-talk between insulin and IGF-1 receptors in the cortical collecting duct principal cells: implication for ENaC-mediated Na+ reabsorption. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 308:F713-9. [PMID: 25651558 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00081.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin and IGF-1 are recognized as powerful regulators of the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron. As previously described, these hormones both acutely increase ENaC activity in freshly isolated split open tubules and cultured principal cortical collecting duct cells. The present study was aimed at differentiating the effects of insulin and IGF-1 on Na+ transport in immortalized mpkCCDcl4 cells and defining their interrelations. We have shown that both insulin and IGF-1 applied basolaterally, but not apically, enhanced transepithelial Na+ transport in the mpkCCDcl4 cell line with EC50 values of 8.8 and 14.5 nM, respectively. Insulin treatment evoked phosphorylation of both insulin and IGF-1 receptors, whereas the effects of IGF-1 were more profound on its own receptor rather than the insulin receptor. AG-1024 and PPP, inhibitors of IGF-1 and insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity, diminished insulin- and IGF-1-stimulated Na+ transport in mpkCCDcl4 cells. The effects of insulin and IGF-1 on ENaC-mediated currents were found to be additive, with insulin likely stimulating both IGF-1 and insulin receptors. We hypothesize that insulin activates IGF-1 receptors in addition to its own receptors, making the effects of these hormones interconnected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria V Ilatovskaya
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
| | - Vladislav Levchenko
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
| | - Michael W Brands
- Department of Physiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Tengis S Pavlov
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
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300
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The role of PAPP-A in the IGF system: location, location, location. J Cell Commun Signal 2015; 9:177-87. [PMID: 25617049 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-015-0259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although discovered as a placental protein present abundantly in the circulation of pregnant women, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) is widely expressed in multiple tissues. PAPP-A is a highly specific metalloproteinase binding tightly to glycosaminoglycans present on the surface of cells. By cleaving a subset of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), PAPP-A thus functions within tissues as a growth-promoting enzyme, releasing bioactive IGF in close proximity to the IGF receptor. IGFBP-4 is believed to be the principal PAPP-A substrate, and the focus in this review is on PAPP-A enzymatic activity and its role in the PAPP-A-IGFBP-4-IGF axis, which is subject to regulation at several different levels. These include e.g., transcriptional control, competing reactions potentially sequestering IGF from IGFBP-4 and hence antagonizing PAPP-A-mediated IGF activation, and proteolytic inhibition of PAPP-A. The latter may involve the protein stanniocalcin-2 (STC2), recently found to potently inhibit PAPP-A activity by forming a covalent complex with PAPP-A. PAPP-A or complex-bound variants may escape from pathological tissues into the circulation. It is emphasized that the potential use of PAPP-A as a diagnostic or predictive biomarker in nonpregnant individuals requires precise knowledge of analyte identity and assay specificity in addition to an appropriate material for standardization. Finally, PAPP-A may serve as a therapeutic target to indirectly inhibit IGF signaling in tissues where this is driven by increased PAPP-A activity. By taking advantage of the intricate interaction between PAPP-A and IGFBP-4, highly specific and selective inhibition of PAPP-A is possible.
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