251
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Jeon YG, Kim SW, Kim JB. Decoding temporal thermogenesis: coregulator selectivity and transcriptional control in brown and beige adipocytes. Adipocyte 2024; 13:2391511. [PMID: 39155481 PMCID: PMC11340756 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2024.2391511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In mammals, brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige adipocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT) play pivotal roles in maintaining body temperature and energy metabolism. In mice, BAT quickly stimulates thermogenesis by activating brown adipocytes upon cold exposure. In the presence of chronic cold stimuli, beige adipocytes are recruited in inguinal WAT to support heat generation. Accumulated evidence has shown that thermogenic execution of brown and beige adipocytes is regulated in a fat depot-specific manner. Recently, we have demonstrated that ubiquitin ligase ring finger protein 20 (RNF20) regulates brown and beige adipocyte thermogenesis through fat-depot-specific modulation. In BAT, RNF20 regulates transcription factor GA-binding protein alpha (GABPα), whereas in inguinal WAT, RNF20 potentiates transcriptional activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) through the degradation of nuclear corepressor 1 (NCoR1). This study proposes the molecular mechanisms by which co-regulator(s) selectively and temporally control transcription factors to coordinate adipose thermogenesis in a fat-depot-specific manner. In this Commentary, we provide molecular features of brown and beige adipocyte thermogenesis and discuss the underlying mechanisms of distinct thermogenic processes in two fat depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Geun Jeon
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Won Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Bum Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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252
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Lin J, Sumara I. Cytoplasmic nucleoporin assemblage: the cellular artwork in physiology and disease. Nucleus 2024; 15:2387534. [PMID: 39135336 PMCID: PMC11323873 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2387534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Nucleoporins, essential proteins building the nuclear pore, are pivotal for ensuring nucleocytoplasmic transport. While traditionally confined to the nuclear envelope, emerging evidence indicates their presence in various cytoplasmic structures, suggesting potential non-transport-related roles. This review consolidates findings on cytoplasmic nucleoporin assemblies across different states, including normal physiological conditions, stress, and pathology, exploring their structural organization, formation dynamics, and functional implications. We summarize the current knowledge and the latest concepts on the regulation of nucleoporin homeostasis, aiming to enhance our understanding of their unexpected roles in physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Lin
- Department of Development and Stem Cells, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7104, Strasbourg, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U964, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Izabela Sumara
- Department of Development and Stem Cells, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7104, Strasbourg, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U964, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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253
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Cai X, Yu M, Li B, Zhang Y, Han Y. Cobalt ions-derived nanoenzyme array for endosseous neural network reconstruction and osseointegration. Bioact Mater 2024; 42:1-17. [PMID: 39246698 PMCID: PMC11378756 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Interactions between bone cells and neurocytes are crucial for endosseous nerve and ensuing bone regeneration. However, absence of neural stem cells in bone makes the innervation of implant osseointegration a major challenge. Herein, a nanorod-like array of sodium hydrogen titanate (ST) co-doped with Co2+ and Co3+, namely STCh that behaves as a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzyme, was hydrothermally formed on Ti substrate. We show that the doped Co2+ and Co3+ locate at TiO6 octahedral interlayers and within octahedra of STCh lattice, appearing releasable and un-releasable, respectively, leading to an increase in Co3+/Co2+ ratio and enzyme activity of the array with immersion. The nanoenzyme-released Co2+ triggers macrophages (MΦs) towards M1 phenotype, then the nanoenzyme scavenges extracellular ROS inducing M1-to-M2 transition. The neurogenic factors secreted by STCh-regulated MΦs, in combination with the released Co2+, promote mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into neurons and Schwann cells compared to sole Co2+and ST. STCh array greatly enhances nerve reconstruction, type-H capillary formation and ensuing osseointegration in normal rat bone, and antibacteria via engulfing S. aureus by MΦs and osteogenesis in infective case. This nanoenzyme provides an alternative strategy to orchestrate endosseous nerve regeneration for osseointegration without loading exogenous neurotrophins in implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Meng Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yingang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
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254
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Zhang T, Sun J, Jiao Q, Li S, Meng X, Shi J, Wang B. Cannabinoid type 2 receptor deficiency leads to Aβ-induced cognitive impairment through promoting microglial sensitivity to Aβ in the prefrontal cortex in mice. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 17:252-262. [PMID: 39297128 PMCID: PMC11409075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims This study is to investigate the effects of Cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2R) deficiency on microglia and cognitive function in both Aβ1-42-injected CB2R knockout mice and a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in brain. Methods After hippocampal injection with Aβ1-42 oligomers in CB2R knockout mice with and without CB2R agonist treatment and in transgenic APP/PS1 mice with CB2R deletion, the novel object recognition (NOR) and Morris water maze (MWM) tests were performed to assess the animal behavior performance. Immunofluorescence staining was conducted to detect the microglial morphology and activation status. The expression of proinflammation and anti-inflammation cytokines were determined by qRT-PCR. Results CB2R deficiency significantly aggravated cognitive impairment in both Aβ1-42-induced and transgenic APP/PS1 animal model in NOR. In Aβ-injected mice lacking CB2R and transgenic APP/PS1 mice with CB2R deletion, microglia in the prefrontal cortex exhibited enhanced immunoreactivity with altered morphology. Furthermore, transformation of activated microglial phenotype in the prefrontal cortex was reduced in Aβ1-42-injected CB2R knockout mice after CB2R agonist treatment. The CB2R deficiency significantly increased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the prefrontal cortex, while it was observed in the hippocampus in both Aβ1-42-injected and transgenic APP/PS1 AD mouse model. Furthermore, CB2R deficiency increased concentrations of soluble Aβ 40 in the prefrontal cortex, but did not affect plaques deposition. Conclusion CB2R deletion led to enhanced neuroinflammatory responses via direct upregulating microglia activation in the prefrontal cortex during the early symptomatic phase of AD mice. CB2R modulates prefrontal cortical neuroinflammation, which is essential for regulating cognitive functions such as recognition memory at the early stage of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - JiaGuang Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Hebei 054000, China
| | - Qiang Jiao
- Henan Institute of Food and Salt Industry Inspection Technology, Henan 450003, China
| | - ShuaiChen Li
- Department of Stomatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - XiangBo Meng
- Department of Stomatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - JingPu Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
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255
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Huang F, Yan J, Zhang X, Xu H, Lian J, Yang X, Wang C, Ding F, Sun Y. Computational insights into the aggregation mechanism and amyloidogenic core of aortic amyloid medin polypeptide. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 244:114192. [PMID: 39226847 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Medin amyloid, prevalent in the vessel walls of 97 % of individuals over 50, contributes to arterial stiffening and cerebrovascular dysfunction, yet our understanding of its aggregation mechanism remains limited. Dividing the full-length 50-amino-acid medin peptide into five 10-residue segments, we conducted individual investigations on each segment's self-assembly dynamics via microsecond-timescale atomistic discrete molecular dynamics (DMD) simulations. Our findings showed that medin1-10 and medin11-20 segments predominantly existed as isolated unstructured monomers, unable to form stable oligomers. Medin31-40 exhibited moderate aggregation, forming dynamic β-sheet oligomers with frequent association and dissociation. Conversely, medin21-30 and medin41-50 segments demonstrated significant self-assembly capability, readily forming stable β-sheet-rich oligomers. Residue pairwise contact frequency analysis highlighted the critical roles of residues 22-26 and 43-49 in driving the self-assembly of medin21-30 and medin41-50, acting as the β-sheet core and facilitating β-strand formation in other regions within medin monomers, expecting to extend to oligomers and fibrils. Regions containing residues 22-26 and 43-49, with substantial self-assembly abilities and assistance in β-sheet formation, represent crucial targets for amyloid inhibitor drug design against aortic medial amyloidosis (AMA). In summary, our study not only offers deep insights into the mechanism of medin amyloid formation but also provides crucial theoretical and practical guidance for future treatments of AMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Huang
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering (NIIME), Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jiajia Yan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Huan Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jiangfang Lian
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering (NIIME), Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering (NIIME), Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States.
| | - Yunxiang Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States.
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256
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Wang Z, Guo L, Yuan C, Zhu C, Li J, Zhong H, Mao P, Li J, Cui L, Dong J, Liu K, Meng X, Zhu G, Wang H. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius induces pyroptosis of canine corneal epithelial cells by activating the ROS-NLRP3 signalling pathway. Virulence 2024; 15:2333271. [PMID: 38515339 PMCID: PMC10984133 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2333271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (S. pseudintermedius) is a common pathogen that causes canine corneal ulcers. However, the pathogenesis remained unclear. In this study, it has been demonstrated that S. pseudintermedius invaded canine corneal epithelial cells (CCECs) intracellularly, mediating oxidative damage and pyroptosis by promoting the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. The canine corneal stroma was infected with S. pseudintermedius to establish the canine corneal ulcer model in vivo. The intracellular infectious model in CCECs was established in vitro to explore the mechanism of the ROS - NLRP3 signalling pathway during the S. pseudintermedius infection by adding NAC or MCC950. Results showed that the expression of NLRP3 and gasdermin D (GSDMD) proteins increased significantly in the infected corneas (p < 0.01). The intracellular infection of S. pseudintermedius was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescent 3D imaging. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that ROS and pyroptosis rates increased in the experimental group in contrast to the control group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, NAC or MCC950 inhibited activation of the ROS - NLRP3 signalling pathway and pyroptosis rate significantly, by suppressing pro-IL-1β, cleaved-IL-1β, pro-caspase-1, cleaved-caspase-1, NLRP3, GSDMD, GSDMD-N, and HMGB1 proteins. Thus, the research confirmed that oxidative damage and pyroptosis were involved in the process of CCECs infected with S. pseudintermedius intracellularly by the ROS - NLRP3 signalling pathway. The results enrich the understanding of the mechanisms of canine corneal ulcers and facilitate the development of new medicines and prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Long Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changning Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haoran Zhong
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Mao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianji Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Luying Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junsheng Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kangjun Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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257
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Tang J, Cao Z, Lei M, Yu Q, Mai Y, Xu J, Liao W, Ruan Y, Shi L, Yang L, Liu J. Heterogeneity of cerebral atrophic rate in mild cognitive impairment and its interactive association with proteins related to microglia activity on longitudinal cognitive changes. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 127:105582. [PMID: 39079281 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterogeneity of cerebral atrophic rate commonly exists in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which may be associated with microglia-involved neuropathology and have an influence on cognitive outcomes. OBJECTIVE We aim to explore the heterogeneity of cerebral atrophic rate among MCI and its association with plasma proteins related to microglia activity, with further investigation of their interaction effects on long-term cognition. SUBJECTS A total of 630 MCI subjects in the ADNI database were included, of which 260 subjects were available with baseline data on plasma proteins. METHODS Group-based multi-trajectory modeling (GBMT) was used to identify the latent classes with heterogeneous cerebral atrophic rates. Associations between latent classes and plasma proteins related to microglia activity were investigated with generalized linear models. Linear mixed effect models (LME) were implemented to explore the interaction effects between proteins related to microglia activity and identified latent classes on longitudinal cognitive changes. RESULTS Two latent classes were identified and labeled as the slow-atrophy class and the fast-atrophy class. Associations were found between such heterogeneity of atrophic rates and plasma proteins related to microglia activity, especially AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL), CD40 antigen (CD40), and tumor necrosis factor receptor-like 2 (TNF-R2). Interaction effects on longitudinal cognitive changes showed that higher CD40 was associated with faster cognitive decline in the slow-atrophy class and higher AXL or TNF-R2 was associated with slower cognitive decline in the fast-atrophy class. CONCLUSIONS Heterogeneity of atrophic rates at the MCI stage is associated with several plasma proteins related to microglia activity, which show either protective or adverse effects on long-term cognition depending on the variability of atrophic rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Tang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, MN 510120, China
| | - Zhiyu Cao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.250 East Changgang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, MN 510260, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, MN 510120, China
| | - Qun Yu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.250 East Changgang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, MN 510260, China
| | - Yingren Mai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.250 East Changgang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, MN 510260, China
| | - Jiaxin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, MN 510120, China
| | - Wang Liao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.250 East Changgang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, MN 510260, China
| | - Yuting Ruan
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.250 East Changgang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, MN 510260, China
| | - Lin Shi
- BrainNow Research Institute, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, MN 518000, China; Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, MN 999077, China
| | - Lianhong Yang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, MN 510120, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.250 East Changgang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, MN 510260, China.
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258
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Zhang G, Diamante G, Ahn IS, Palafox-Sanchez V, Cheng J, Cheng M, Ying Z, Wang SSM, Abuhanna KD, Phi N, Arneson D, Cely I, Arellano K, Wang N, Zhang S, Peng C, Gomez-Pinilla F, Yang X. Thyroid hormone T4 mitigates traumatic brain injury in mice by dynamically remodeling cell type specific genes, pathways, and networks in hippocampus and frontal cortex. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167344. [PMID: 39004380 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The complex pathology of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a main contributor to the difficulties in achieving a successful therapeutic regimen. Thyroxine (T4) administration has been shown to prevent the cognitive impairments induced by mTBI in mice but the mechanism is poorly understood. To understand the underlying mechanism, we carried out a single cell transcriptomic study to investigate the spatiotemporal effects of T4 on individual cell types in the hippocampus and frontal cortex at three post-injury stages in a mouse model of mTBI. We found that T4 treatment altered the proportions and transcriptomes of numerous cell types across tissues and timepoints, particularly oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia, which are crucial for injury repair. T4 also reversed the expression of mTBI-affected genes such as Ttr, mt-Rnr2, Ggn12, Malat1, Gnaq, and Myo3a, as well as numerous pathways such as cell/energy/iron metabolism, immune response, nervous system, and cytoskeleton-related pathways. Cell-type specific network modeling revealed that T4 mitigated select mTBI-perturbed dynamic shifts in subnetworks related to cell cycle, stress response, and RNA processing in oligodendrocytes. Cross cell-type ligand-receptor networks revealed the roles of App, Hmgb1, Fn1, and Tnf in mTBI, with the latter two ligands having been previously identified as TBI network hubs. mTBI and/or T4 signature genes were enriched for human genome-wide association study (GWAS) candidate genes for cognitive, psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders related to mTBI. Our systems-level single cell analysis elucidated the temporal and spatial dynamic reprogramming of cell-type specific genes, pathways, and networks, as well as cell-cell communications as the mechanisms through which T4 mitigates cognitive dysfunction induced by mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Graciel Diamante
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - In Sook Ahn
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Victoria Palafox-Sanchez
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jenny Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhe Ying
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Susanna Sue-Ming Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kevin Daniel Abuhanna
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nguyen Phi
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Douglas Arneson
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ingrid Cely
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kayla Arellano
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shujing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chao Peng
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Brain Injury Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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259
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Tang Y, Zhou Y, Ren J, Wang Y, Li X, Qi M, Yang Y, Zhu C, Wang C, Ma Y, Tang Z, Yu G. TRPV4-β-catenin axis is a novel therapeutic target for dry skin-induced chronic itch. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167491. [PMID: 39218273 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Dry skin induced chronic pruritus is an increasingly common and debilitating problem, especially in the elderly. Although keratinocytes play important roles in innate and adaptive immunity and keratinocyte proliferation is a key feature of dry skin induced chronic pruritus, the exact contribution of keratinocytes to the pathogenesis of dry skin induced chronic pruritus is poorly understood. In this study, we generated the acetone-ether-water induced dry skin model in mice and found that epidermal hyperplasia induced by this model is partly dependent on the β-catenin signaling pathway. XAV939, an antagonist of β-catenin signaling pathway, inhibited epidermal hyperplasia in dry skin model mice. Importantly, dry skin induced chronic pruritus also dramatically reduced in XAV939 treated mice. Moreover, acetone-ether-water treatment-induced epidermal hyperplasia and chronic itch were decreased in Trpv4-/- mice. In vitro, XAV939 inhibited hypo-osmotic stress induced proliferation of HaCaT cells, and hypo-osmotic stress induced proliferation of in HaCaT cells and primary cultured keratinocytes were also significantly reduced by blocking TRPV4 function. Finally, thymic stromal lymphopoietin release was examined both in vivo and in vitro, which was significantly inhibited by XAV939 treatment and Trpv4 deficiency, and anti-TSLP antibody treatment significantly decreased AEW-induced scratching behavior. Overall, our study revealed a unique ability of TRPV4 expressing keratinocytes in the skin, which critically mediated dry skin induced epidermal hyperplasia and chronic pruritus, thus provided novel insights into the development of therapies for chronic pruritus in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jiahui Ren
- Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xue Li
- Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Mingxin Qi
- Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Chan Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Changming Wang
- Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yuxiang Ma
- School of Life Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Guang Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine of Prevention and Treatment in Neurological Diseases, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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260
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Ghovanloo MR, Tyagi S, Zhao P, Effraim PR, Dib-Hajj SD, Waxman SG. Sodium currents in naïve mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons: No major differences between sexes. Channels (Austin) 2024; 18:2289256. [PMID: 38055732 PMCID: PMC10761158 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2023.2289256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism has been reported in multiple pre-clinical and clinical studies on pain. Previous investigations have suggested that in at least some states, rodent dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons display differential sex-dependent regulation and expression patterns of various proteins involved in the pain pathway. Our goal in this study was to determine whether sexual dimorphism in the biophysical properties of voltage-gated sodium (Nav) currents contributes to these observations in rodents. We recently developed a novel method that enables high-throughput, unbiased, and automated functional analysis of native rodent sensory neurons from naïve WT mice profiled simultaneously under uniform experimental conditions. In our previous study, we performed all experiments in neurons that were obtained from mixed populations of adult males or females, which were combined into single (combined male/female) data sets. Here, we have re-analyzed the same previously published data and segregated the cells based on sex. Although the number of cells in our previously published data sets were uneven for some comparisons, our results do not show sex-dependent differences in the biophysical properties of Nav currents in these native DRG neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Ghovanloo
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sidharth Tyagi
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Philip R. Effraim
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sulayman D. Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen G. Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
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261
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Brunßen D, Suter B. Effects of unstable β-PheRS on food avoidance, growth, and development are suppressed by the appetite hormone CCHa2. Fly (Austin) 2024; 18:2308737. [PMID: 38374657 PMCID: PMC10880493 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2308737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Amino acyl-tRNA synthetases perform diverse non-canonical functions aside from their essential role in charging tRNAs with their cognate amino acid. The phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS/FARS) is an α2β2 tetramer that is needed for charging the tRNAPhe for its translation activity. Fragments of the α-subunit have been shown to display an additional, translation-independent, function that activates growth and proliferation and counteracts Notch signalling. Here we show in Drosophila that overexpressing the β-subunit in the context of the complete PheRS leads to larval roaming, food avoidance, slow growth, and a developmental delay that can last several days and even prevents pupation. These behavioural and developmental phenotypes are induced by PheRS expression in CCHa2+ and Pros+ cells. Simultaneous expression of β-PheRS, α-PheRS, and the appetite-inducing CCHa2 peptide rescued these phenotypes, linking this β-PheRS activity to the appetite-controlling pathway. The fragmentation dynamic of the excessive β-PheRS points to β-PheRS fragments as possible candidate inducers of these phenotypes. Because fragmentation of human FARS has also been observed in human cells and mutations in human β-PheRS (FARSB) can lead to problems in gaining weight, Drosophila β-PheRS can also serve as a model for the human phenotype and possibly also for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beat Suter
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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262
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Sánchez-Hernández R, Benítez-Angeles M, Hernández-Vega AM, Rosenbaum T. Recent advances on the structure and the function relationships of the TRPV4 ion channel. Channels (Austin) 2024; 18:2313323. [PMID: 38354101 PMCID: PMC10868539 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2024.2313323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The members of the superfamily of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) ion channels are physiologically important molecules that have been studied for many years and are still being intensively researched. Among the vanilloid TRP subfamily, the TRPV4 ion channel is an interesting protein due to its involvement in several essential physiological processes and in the development of various diseases. As in other proteins, changes in its function that lead to the development of pathological states, have been closely associated with modification of its regulation by different molecules, but also by the appearance of mutations which affect the structure and gating of the channel. In the last few years, some structures for the TRPV4 channel have been solved. Due to the importance of this protein in physiology, here we discuss the recent progress in determining the structure of the TRPV4 channel, which has been achieved in three species of animals (Xenopus tropicalis, Mus musculus, and Homo sapiens), highlighting conserved features as well as key differences among them and emphasizing the binding sites for some ligands that play crucial roles in its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Sánchez-Hernández
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Miguel Benítez-Angeles
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ana M. Hernández-Vega
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Tamara Rosenbaum
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
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263
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Pan G, Chai L, Chen R, Yuan Q, Song Z, Feng W, Wei J, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Xie G, Yan A, Lv Q, Wang C, Zhao Y, Wang Y. Potential mechanism of Qinggong Shoutao pill alleviating age-associated memory decline based on integration strategy. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2024; 62:105-119. [PMID: 38145345 PMCID: PMC10763866 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2291689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Qinggong Shoutao Wan (QGSTW) is a pill used as a traditional medicine to treat age-associated memory decline (AAMI). However, its potential mechanisms are unclear. OBJECTIVE This study elucidates the possible mechanisms of QGSTW in treating AAMI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches were utilized to identify the potential pathway by which QGSTW alleviates AAMI. C57BL/6J mice were divided randomly into control, model, and QGSTW groups. A mouse model of AAMI was established by d-galactose, and the pathways that QGSTW acts on to ameliorate AAMI were determined by ELISA, immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting after treatment with d-gal (100 mg/kg) and QGSTW (20 mL/kg) for 12 weeks. RESULTS Network pharmacology demonstrated that the targets of the active components were significantly enriched in the cAMP signaling pathway. AKT1, FOS, GRIN2B, and GRIN1 were the core target proteins. QGSTW treatment increased the discrimination index from -16.92 ± 7.06 to 23.88 ± 15.94% in the novel location test and from -19.54 ± 5.71 to 17.55 ± 6.73% in the novel object recognition test. ELISA showed that QGSTW could increase the levels of cAMP. Western blot analysis revealed that QGSTW could upregulate the expression of PKA, CREB, c-Fos, GluN1, GluA1, CaMKII-α, and SYN. Immunostaining revealed that the expression of SYN was decreased in the CA1 and DG. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This study not only provides new insights into the mechanism of QGSTW in the treatment of AAMI but also provides important information and new research ideas for the discovery of traditional Chinese medicine compounds that can treat AAMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyun Pan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijuan Chai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihui Song
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wanying Feng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinna Wei
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guinan Xie
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - An Yan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingbo Lv
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Caijun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingqiang Zhao
- Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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264
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Banerjee R, Patel D, Farooque K, Gupta D, Seth A, Kochhar KP, Garg B, Jain S, Kumar N, Jain S. Cortical intermittent theta burst stimulation on gait pathomechanics and urinary tract dysfunction in incomplete spinal cord injury patients: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. MethodsX 2024; 13:102826. [PMID: 39049927 PMCID: PMC11268124 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Gait impairment and neurogenic bladder are co-existing common findings in incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), evident to be a promising strategy adjunct to physical rehabilitation to regain normal ambulation in SCI. However, there is a need to evaluate the role of Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a type of patterned rTMS in restoring gait and neurogenic bladder in SCI patients. The aim of the present study is to quantify the effect of iTBS on spatiotemporal, kinetic, and kinematic parameters of gait and neurogenic bladder dyssynergia in iSCI. After maturing all exclusion and inclusion criteria, thirty iSCI patients will be randomly divided into three groups: Group-A (sham), Group-B (active rTMS) and Group-C (active iTBS). Each group will receive stimulation adjunct to physical rehabilitation for 2 weeks. All patients will undergo gait analysis, as well assessment of bladder, electrophysiological, neurological, functional, and psychosocial parameters. All parameters will be assessed at baseline and 6th week (1st follow-up). Parameters except urodynamics and gait analysis will also be assessed after the end of the 2 weeks of the intervention (post-intervention) and at 12th week (2nd follow-up). Appropriate statistical analysis will be done using various parametric and non-parametric tests based on results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Banerjee
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deeksha Patel
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kamran Farooque
- Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amlesh Seth
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kanwal Preet Kochhar
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhavuk Garg
- Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Siddharth Jain
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nand Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Suman Jain
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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265
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Mediane DH, Basu S, Cahill EN, Anastasiades PG. Medial prefrontal cortex circuitry and social behaviour in autism. Neuropharmacology 2024; 260:110101. [PMID: 39128583 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has proven to be highly enigmatic due to the diversity of its underlying genetic causes and the huge variability in symptom presentation. Uncovering common phenotypes across people with ASD and pre-clinical models allows us to better understand the influence on brain function of the many different genetic and cellular processes thought to contribute to ASD aetiology. One such feature of ASD is the convergent evidence implicating abnormal functioning of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) across studies. The mPFC is a key part of the 'social brain' and may contribute to many of the changes in social behaviour observed in people with ASD. Here we review recent evidence for mPFC involvement in both ASD and social behaviours. We also highlight how pre-clinical mouse models can be used to uncover important cellular and circuit-level mechanisms that may underly atypical social behaviours in ASD. This article is part of the Special Issue on "PFC circuit function in psychiatric disease and relevant models".
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego H Mediane
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Shinjini Basu
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Emma N Cahill
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G Anastasiades
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom.
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266
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De Ridder D, Adhia D, Vanneste S. The brain's duck test in phantom percepts: Multisensory congruence in neuropathic pain and tinnitus. Brain Res 2024; 1844:149137. [PMID: 39103069 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Chronic neuropathic pain and chronic tinnitus have been likened to phantom percepts, in which a complete or partial sensory deafferentation results in a filling in of the missing information derived from memory. 150 participants, 50 with tinnitus, 50 with chronic pain and 50 healthy controls underwent a resting state EEG. Source localized current density is recorded from all the sensory cortices (olfactory, gustatory, somatosensory, auditory, vestibular, visual) as well as the parahippocampal area. Functional connectivity by means of lagged phase synchronization is also computed between these regions of interest. Pain and tinnitus are associated with gamma band activity, reflecting prediction errors, in all sensory cortices except the olfactory and gustatory cortex. Functional connectivity identifies theta frequency connectivity between each of the sensory cortices except the chemical senses to the parahippocampus, but not between the individual sensory cortices. When one sensory domain is deprived, the other senses may provide the parahippocampal 'contextual' area with the most likely sound or somatosensory sensation to fill in the gap, applying an abductive 'duck test' approach, i.e., based on stored multisensory congruence. This novel concept paves the way to develop novel treatments for pain and tinnitus, using multisensory (i.e. visual, vestibular, somatosensory, auditory) modulation with or without associated parahippocampal targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk De Ridder
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Divya Adhia
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sven Vanneste
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute & Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. https://www.lab-clint.org
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267
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Beacher NJ, Wang MW, Broomer MC, Kuo JY, Lin DT. Minibox: Custom solo or semi-group housing chambers for long term housing of rats with miniscopes. MethodsX 2024; 13:102921. [PMID: 39253000 PMCID: PMC11382000 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In this detailed procedure, we include open-source methodologies using 'solidworks' designs for creating solo or semi-group housing units for rats wearing miniscopes for long periods of time. Builds are optimized to preserve rat health and prevent hardware destruction. We include all prices and suggestions for purchasing strategies to reduce overall build-costs.•Chambers are optimized for long-term housing to protect rats wearing delicate headstages (e.g., miniscopes).•Designed to be low-cost, efficient supplement to operant chambers and provides numerous benefits to long-term miniscope imaging. The housing chambers can be augmented by installing cameras, commutators, or different types of floor grids depending on experimental conditions.•The chambers can also be secured to one another to create "rat-duplexes", allowing experimenters to control the degree of social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Beacher
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Michael W Wang
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Matthew C Broomer
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jessica Y Kuo
- University of California Davis Health, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center-East Bay, 100 North Wiget Lane, Suite 150, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA
| | - Da-Ting Lin
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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268
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Abbassian H, Ilaghi M, Amleshi RS, Whalley BJ, Shabani M. Modulation of CB1 cannabinoid receptor alters the electrophysiological properties of cerebellar Purkinje cells in harmaline-induced essential tremor. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 17:196-206. [PMID: 39262634 PMCID: PMC11388168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Essential tremor (ET) is one of the most common motor disorders with debilitating effects on the affected individuals. The endocannabinoid system is widely involved in cerebellar signaling. Therefore, modulation of cannabinoid-1 receptors (CB1Rs) has emerged as a novel target for motor disorders. In this study, we aimed to assess whether modulation of cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) could alter the electrophysiological properties of Purkinje cells (PCs) in the harmaline-induced ET model. Male Wistar rats were assigned to control, harmaline (30 mg/kg), CBR agonist WIN 55,212-2 (WIN; 1 mg/kg), CB1R antagonists AM251 (1 mg/kg) and rimonabant (10 mg/kg). Spontaneous activity and positive and negative evoked potentials of PCs were evaluated using whole-cell patch clamp recording. Findings demonstrated that harmaline exposure induced alterations in the spontaneous and evoked firing behavior of PCs, as evidenced by a significant decrease in the mean number of spikes and half-width of action potential in spontaneous activity. WIN administration exacerbated the electrophysiological function of PCs, particularly in the spontaneous activity of PCs. However, CB1R antagonists provided protective effects against harmaline-induced electrophysiological changes in the spontaneous activity of PCs. Our findings reinforce the pivotal role of the endocannabinoid system in the underlying electrophysiological mechanisms of cerebellar disorders and suggest that antagonism of CB1R might provide therapeutic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Abbassian
- Mashhad Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehran Ilaghi
- Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Reza Saboori Amleshi
- Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Benjamin Jason Whalley
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry, Food & Nutritional Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AP, UK
- Revelstone Consulting LLC, 1001 New Jersey Ave SE, Washington, DC, 20003
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Qin T, Han J, Fan C, Sun H, Rauf N, Wang T, Yin Z, Chen X. Unveiling axolotl transcriptome for tissue regeneration with high-resolution annotation via long-read sequencing. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:3186-3198. [PMID: 39263210 PMCID: PMC11388199 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Axolotls are known for their remarkable regeneration ability. Exploring their transcriptome provides insight into regenerative mechanisms. However, the current annotation of the axolotl transcriptome is limited, leaving the role of unannotated transcripts in regeneration unknown. To discourse this challenge, we exploited long-read sequencing technology, which enables direct observation of full-length RNA transcripts, greatly enhancing the coverage and accuracy of axolotl transcriptome annotation. By utilizing this method, we identified 222 novel gene loci and 4775 novel transcripts, which were quantified using short-read sequencing data. Through the inclusive analysis, we discovered novel homologs, potential functional proteins, noncoding RNAs, and alternative splicing events in key regeneration pathways. In particular, we identified novel transcripts with high protein-coding potential implicated in cell cycle regulation and musculoskeletal development, and regeneration were identified. Interestingly, alternative splice variants were also detected across diverse pathways critical to regeneration. This specifies that these novel transcripts potentially play vital roles underpinning the robust regenerative capacities of axolotls. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis further revealed these isoforms to predominantly exist in axolotl limb chondrocytes and mature tissue cell populations. Overall, the findings significantly advanced consideration of the axolotl transcriptome and provided a new perspective for understanding the mechanisms of regenerative abilities of axolotls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Sports Medicine & Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Fan
- Department of Sports Medicine & Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Heng Sun
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Naveed Rauf
- Department of Sports Medicine & Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingzhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zi Yin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine & Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
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270
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Llewellyn J, Baratam R, Culig L, Beerman I. Cellular stress and epigenetic regulation in adult stem cells. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302083. [PMID: 39348938 PMCID: PMC11443024 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are a unique class of cells that possess the ability to differentiate and self-renew, enabling them to repair and replenish tissues. To protect and maintain the potential of stem cells, the cells and the environment surrounding these cells (stem cell niche) are highly responsive and tightly regulated. However, various stresses can affect the stem cells and their niches. These stresses are both systemic and cellular and can arise from intrinsic or extrinsic factors which would have strong implications on overall aging and certain disease states. Therefore, understanding the breadth of drivers, namely epigenetic alterations, involved in cellular stress is important for the development of interventions aimed at maintaining healthy stem cells and tissue homeostasis. In this review, we summarize published findings of epigenetic responses to replicative, oxidative, mechanical, and inflammatory stress on various types of adult stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey Llewellyn
- https://ror.org/049v75w11 Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rithvik Baratam
- https://ror.org/049v75w11 Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luka Culig
- https://ror.org/049v75w11 Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Isabel Beerman
- https://ror.org/049v75w11 Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Iwata N, Tsubuki S, Sekiguchi M, Watanabe-Iwata K, Matsuba Y, Kamano N, Fujioka R, Takamura R, Watamura N, Kakiya N, Mihira N, Morito T, Shirotani K, Mann DM, Robinson AC, Hashimoto S, Sasaguri H, Saito T, Higuchi M, Saido TC. Metabolic resistance of Aβ3pE-42, a target epitope of the anti-Alzheimer therapeutic antibody, donanemab. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402650. [PMID: 39348937 PMCID: PMC11443169 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The amyloid β peptide (Aβ), starting with pyroglutamate (pE) at position 3 and ending at position 42 (Aβ3pE-42), predominantly accumulates in the brains of Alzheimer's disease. Consistently, donanemab, a therapeutic antibody raised against Aβ3pE-42, has been shown to be effective in recent clinical trials. Although the primary Aβ produced physiologically is Aβ1-40/42, an explanation for how and why this physiological Aβ is converted to the pathological form remains elusive. Here, we present experimental evidence that accounts for the aging-associated Aβ3pE-42 deposition: Aβ3pE-42 was metabolically more stable than other Aβx-42 variants; deficiency of neprilysin, the major Aβ-degrading enzyme, induced a relatively selective deposition of Aβ3pE-42 in both APP transgenic and App knock-in mouse brains; Aβ3pE-42 deposition always colocalized with Pittsburgh compound B-positive cored plaques in APP transgenic mouse brains; and under aberrant conditions, such as a significant reduction in neprilysin activity, aminopeptidases, dipeptidyl peptidases, and glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like were up-regulated in the progression of aging, and a proportion of Aβ1-42 may be processed to Aβ3pE-42. Our findings suggest that anti-Aβ therapies are more effective if given before Aβ3pE-42 deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhisa Iwata
- https://ror.org/058h74p94 Department of Genome-Based Drug Discovery and Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tsubuki
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Misaki Sekiguchi
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kaori Watanabe-Iwata
- https://ror.org/058h74p94 Department of Genome-Based Drug Discovery and Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yukio Matsuba
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoko Kamano
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryo Fujioka
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Risa Takamura
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoto Watamura
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naomasa Kakiya
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naomi Mihira
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Morito
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Keiro Shirotani
- https://ror.org/058h74p94 Department of Genome-Based Drug Discovery and Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - David Ma Mann
- https://ror.org/027m9bs27 Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - Andrew C Robinson
- https://ror.org/027m9bs27 Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - Shoko Hashimoto
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sasaguri
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- https://ror.org/04j1n1c04 Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
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272
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Zhou Z, Jiang WJ, Wang YP, Si JQ, Zeng XS, Li L. CD36-mediated ROS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway exacerbates cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice after noise exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 952:175879. [PMID: 39233068 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
There is an association between noise exposure and cognitive impairment, and noise may have a more severe impact on patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment; however, the mechanisms need further investigation. This study used the classic AD animal model APP/PS1 mice to simulate the AD population, and C57BL/6J mice to simulate the normal population. We compared their cognitive abilities after noise exposure, analyzed changes in Cluster of Differentiation (CD) between the two types of mice using transcriptomics, identified the differential CD molecule: CD36 in APP/PS1 after noise exposure, and used its pharmacological inhibitor to intervene to explore the mechanism by which CD36 affects APP/PS1 cognitive abilities. Our study shows that noise exposure has a more severe impact on the cognitive abilities of APP/PS1 mice, and that the expression trends of differentiation cluster molecules differ significantly between C57BL/6J and APP/PS1 mice. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the expression of CD36 in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice increased by 2.45-fold after noise exposure (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, Western Blot results from the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex indicated that CD36 protein levels increased by approximately 1.5-fold (p < 0.001) and 1.3-fold (p < 0.05) respectively, after noise exposure in APP/PS1 mice. The changes in CD36 expression elevated oxidative stress levels in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, leading to a decrease in PI3K/AKT phosphorylation, which in turn increased M1-type microglia and A1-type astrocytes while reducing the numbers of M2-type microglia and A2-type astrocytes. This increased neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, causing synaptic and neuronal damage in APP/PS1 mice, ultimately exacerbating cognitive impairment. These findings may provide new insights into the relationship between noise exposure and cognitive impairment, especially given the different expression trends of CD molecules in the two types of mice, which warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China; The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wen-Jun Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China; Department of Physiology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China
| | - Yan-Ping Wang
- Department of Nursing, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - Jun-Qiang Si
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China; The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xian-Si Zeng
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China.
| | - Li Li
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China.
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273
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Chen X, Mo X, Zhang Y, He D, Xiao R, Cheng Q, Wang H, Liu L, Li WW, Xie P. A comprehensive analysis of the differential expression in the hippocampus of depression induced by gut microbiota compared to traditional stress. Gene 2024; 927:148633. [PMID: 38838871 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Depression, which is a disease of heterogeneous etiology, is characterized by high disability and mortality rates. Gut microbiota are associated with the development of depression. To further explore any differences in the mechanisms of depression induced by gut microbiota and traditional stresses, as well as facilitate the development of microbiota-based interventions, a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) depression model was made. This was achieved by transplanting feces from major depressive disorder (MDD) patients into germ-free mice. Second, the mechanisms of the depression induced by gut microbiota were analyzed in comparison with those of the depression caused by different forms of stress. It turned out that mice exhibited depressive-like behavior after FMT. Then, PCR array analysis was performed on the hippocampus of the depressed mice to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The KEGG analysis revealed that the pathways of depression induced by gut microbes are closely associated with immuno-inflammation. To determine the pathogenic pathways of physiological stress and psychological stress-induced depression, raw data was extracted from several databases and KEGG analysis was performed. The results from the analysis revealed that the mechanisms of depression induced by physiological and psychological stress are closely related to the regulation of neurotransmitters and energy metabolism. Interestingly, the immunoinflammatory response was distinct across different etiologies that induced depression. The findings showed that gut microbiota dysbiosis-induced depression was mainly associated with adaptive immunity, while physiological stress-induced depression was more linked to innate immunity. This study compared the pathogenesis of depression caused by gut microbiota dysbiosis, and physiological and psychological stress. We explored new intervention methods for depression and laid the foundation for precise treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaolong Mo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yangdong Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dian He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Rui Xiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qisheng Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lanxiang Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Wen-Wen Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Peng Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China.
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274
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Zhou L, Zhang C, Xie Z, Yu Q, Wang J, Gong Y, Zhao J, Bai S, Yang L, Deng D, Zhang R, Shi Y. Neural Circuit Mechanisms of Sinisan formula for the Treatment of adolescent Depression: prefrontal cortex to dorsal raphe nucleus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118529. [PMID: 38972528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sinisan formula (SNSF), documented in the classic books Shanghan Lun, is known for its ability to regulate liver-qi and treat depression. However, its underlying mechanism, particularly its effects on dynamic real-time neuron activity and circuits remains to be fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the antidepressant effect of SNSF and its central nervous system mechanism on depression-like behaviors, focusing on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) neural circuit in a stress-induced adolescent animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS SNSF comprised four herbs, the root of Bupleurum chinense DC., the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., the fruit of Citrus aurantium L., the rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., in equal propotions. The adolescent depression animal model was induced by maternal separation (MS) and chronic restraint stress (CRS). In-vivo multichannel physiological electrodes were implanted into the PFC on PND 28 and animals were recorded 5 times during PND 35-46. From PND 47, the behavioral tests were performed to evaluate the antidepressant efficacy of SNSF. Subsequently, brain tissue was collected for Western blot and immunofluorescence staining analysis. Retro virus was injected into the DRN to explore sources of projections received by serotonergic (5-HTergic) neurons. And the PFC-to-DRN circuit was activated or inhibited through chemogenetic techniques to investigate the effects of SNSF on depression-like behaviors. RESULTS Administration of SNSF for 18 days effectively alleviated depression-like behaviors in MS&CRS adolescent mice. The PFC emerged as the primary glutamatergic projection source of the DRN5-HT neurons. Following SNSF administration for 13/15/18 days, there was an increase in the firing rate of excitatory neurons and excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) ratio in the PFC. MS&CRS stress let to a reduction in the density of 5-HT+ and CaMKII + neurons in the DRN, accompanied by an increase in the density of GAD + neurons in the DRN, while SNSF administration reversed the alterations. Chemogenetic activation of the PFC-to-DRN circuit rescued the depression-like behaviors induced by MS&CRS, whereas suppression of this circuit attenuated the antidepressant effect of SNSF. CONCLUSIONS SNSF significantly mitigated depression-like behaviors in MS&CRS mice. SNSF exerts its antidepressant effects by increasing the E/I ratio in the PFC and enhancing glutamatergic projections from the PFC to the DRN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuchang Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Outpatient Department, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zedan Xie
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qingying Yu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuwen Gong
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jinlan Zhao
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shasha Bai
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Di Deng
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yafei Shi
- School of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Paidlewar M, Kumari S, Dhapola R, Sharma P, HariKrishnaReddy D. Unveiling the role of astrogliosis in Alzheimer's disease Pathology: Insights into mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:112940. [PMID: 39154532 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most debilitating age-related disorders that affect people globally. It impacts social and cognitive behavior of the individual and is characterized by phosphorylated tau and Aβ accumulation. Astrocytesmaintain a quiescent, anti-inflammatory state on anatomical level, expressing few cytokines and exhibit phagocytic activity to remove misfolded proteins. But in AD, in response to specific stimuli, astrocytes overstimulate their phagocytic character with overexpressing cytokine gene modules. Upon interaction with generated Aβ and neurofibrillary tangle, astrocytes that are continuously activated release a large number of inflammatory cytokines. This cytokine storm leads to neuroinflammation which is also one of the recognizable features of AD. Astrogliosis eventually promotes cholinergic dysfunction, calcium imbalance, oxidative stress and excitotoxicity. Furthermore, C5aR1, Lcn2/, BDNF/TrkB and PPARα/TFEB signaling dysregulation has a major impact on the disease progression. This review clarifies numerous ways that lead to astrogliosis, which is stimulated by a variety of processes that exacerbate AD pathology and make it a suitable target for AD treatment. Drugs under clinical and preclinical investigations that target several pathways managing astrogliosis and are efficacious in ameliorating the pathology of the disease are also included in this study. D-ALA2GIP, TRAM-34, Genistein, L-serine, MW150 and XPro1595 are examples of few drugs targeting astrogliosis. Therefore, this study may aid in the development of a potent therapeutic agent for ameliorating astrogliosis mediated AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Paidlewar
- Advanced Pharmacology and Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151401, Punjab, India
| | - Sneha Kumari
- Advanced Pharmacology and Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151401, Punjab, India
| | - Rishika Dhapola
- Advanced Pharmacology and Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151401, Punjab, India
| | - Prajjwal Sharma
- Advanced Pharmacology and Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151401, Punjab, India
| | - Dibbanti HariKrishnaReddy
- Advanced Pharmacology and Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151401, Punjab, India.
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276
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Xu Y, Zhang E, Wei L, Dai Z, Chen S, Zhou S, Huang Y. NINJ1: A new player in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis and potential therapeutic target. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:113021. [PMID: 39197295 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by demyelination. Current treatment options for MS focus on immunosuppression, but their efficacy can be limited. Recent studies suggest a potential role for nerve injury-induced protein 1 (NINJ1) in MS pathogenesis. NINJ1, a protein involved in cell death and inflammation, may contribute to the infiltration and activation of inflammatory cells in the CNS, potentially through enhanced blood-brain barrier crossing; enhancing plasma membrane rupture during cell death, leading to the release of inflammatory mediators and further tissue damage. This review explores the emerging evidence for NINJ1's involvement in MS. It discusses how NINJ1 might mediate the migration of immune cells across the blood-brain barrier, exacerbate neuroinflammation, and participate in plasma membrane rupture-related damage. Finally, the review examines potential therapeutic strategies targeting NINJ1 for improved MS management. Abbreviations: MS, Multiple sclerosis; CNS, Central nervous system; BBB, Blood-brain barrier; GSDMD, Gasdermin-D; EAE, Experimental autoimmune encephalitis; HMGB-1, High mobility group box-1 protein; LDH, Lactate dehydrogenase; PMR, Plasma membrane rupture; DMF, Dimethyl fumarate; DUSP1, Dual-specificity phosphatase 1; PAMPs, Pathogen-associated molecular patterns; DAMPs, Danger-associated molecular patterns; PRRs, Pattern recognition receptors; GM-CSF, Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor; IFN-γ, Interferon gamma; TNF, Tumor necrosis factor; APCs, Antigen-presenting cells; ECs, Endothelial cells; TGF-β, Transforming growth factor-β; PBMCs, Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; FACS, Fluorescence-activated cell sorting; MCP-1, Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; NLRP3, Pyrin domain-containing 3; TCR, T cell receptor; ROS, Reactive oxygen species; AP-1, Activator protein-1; ANG1, Angiopoietin 1; BMDMs, Bone marrow-derived macrophages; Arp2/3, actin-related protein 2/3; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition; FAK, focal adhesion kinase; LIMK1, LIM domain kinase 1; PAK1, p21-activated kinases 1; Rac1, Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1; β-cat, β-caten; MyD88, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88; TIRAP, Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein; TLR4, Toll-like receptor 4; IRAKs, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinases; TRAF6, TNF receptor associated factor 6; TAB2/3, TAK1 binding protein 2/3; TAK1, transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; ERK1/2, Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase 1/2; IKK, inhibitor of kappa B kinase; IκB, inhibitor of NF-κB; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-B; AP-1, activator protein-1; ASC, Apoptosis-associated Speck-like protein containing a CARD; NEK7, NIMA-related kinase 7; NLRP3, Pyrin domain-containing 3; CREB, cAMP response element-binding protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinbin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Nervous System and Brain Function, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
| | - Enhao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Nervous System and Brain Function, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
| | - Liangzhe Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Nervous System and Brain Function, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
| | - Zifeng Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Nervous System and Brain Function, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Nervous System and Brain Function, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
| | - Shengjun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Nervous System and Brain Function, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China.
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Nervous System and Brain Function, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China.
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277
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Wang J, Lai Q, Han J, Qin P, Wu H. Neuroimaging biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with disorders of consciousness. Brain Res 2024; 1843:149133. [PMID: 39084451 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The progress in neuroimaging and electrophysiological techniques has shown substantial promise in improving the clinical assessment of disorders of consciousness (DOC). Through the examination of both stimulus-induced and spontaneous brain activity, numerous comprehensive investigations have explored variations in brain activity patterns among patients with DOC, yielding valuable insights for clinical diagnosis and prognostic purposes. Nonetheless, reaching a consensus on precise neuroimaging biomarkers for patients with DOC remains a challenge. Therefore, in this review, we begin by summarizing the empirical evidence related to neuroimaging biomarkers for DOC using various paradigms, including active, passive, and resting-state approaches, by employing task-based fMRI, resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and positron emission tomography (PET) techniques. Subsequently, we conducted a review of studies examining the neural correlates of consciousness in patients with DOC, with the findings holding potential value for the clinical application of DOC. Notably, previous research indicates that neuroimaging techniques have the potential to unveil covert awareness that conventional behavioral assessments might overlook. Furthermore, when integrated with various task paradigms or analytical approaches, this combination has the potential to significantly enhance the accuracy of both diagnosis and prognosis in DOC patients. Nonetheless, the stability of these neural biomarkers still needs additional validation, and future directions may entail integrating diagnostic and prognostic methods with big data and deep learning approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Qiantu Lai
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Junrong Han
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengmin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou 510330, China.
| | - Hang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China.
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278
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Przybysz KR, Shillinglaw JE, Wheeler SR, Glover EJ. Chronic ethanol exposure produces long-lasting, subregion-specific physiological adaptations in RMTg-projecting mPFC neurons. Neuropharmacology 2024; 259:110098. [PMID: 39117106 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Chronic ethanol exposure produces neuroadaptations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) that are thought to facilitate maladaptive behaviors that interfere with recovery from alcohol use disorder. Despite evidence that different cortico-subcortical projections play distinct roles in behavior, few studies have examined the physiological effects of chronic ethanol at the circuit level. The rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg) is functionally altered by chronic ethanol exposure. Our recent work identified dense input from the mPFC to the RMTg, yet the effects of chronic ethanol exposure on this circuitry is unknown. In the current study, we examined physiological changes after chronic ethanol exposure in prelimbic (PL) and infralimbic (IL) mPFC neurons projecting to the RMTg. Adult male Long-Evans rats were injected with fluorescent retrobeads into the RMTg and rendered dependent using a 14-day chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) vapor exposure paradigm. Whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiological recordings were performed in fluorescently-labeled (RMTg-projecting) and -unlabeled (projection-undefined) layer 5 pyramidal neurons 7-10 days following ethanol exposure. CIE exposure significantly increased intrinsic excitability as well as spontaneous excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sE/IPSCs) in RMTg-projecting IL neurons. In contrast, no lasting changes in excitability were observed in RMTg-projecting PL neurons, although a CIE-induced reduction in excitability was observed in projection-undefined PL neurons. CIE exposure also increased the frequency of sEPSCs in RMTg-projecting PL neurons. These data uncover novel subregion- and circuit-specific neuroadaptations in the mPFC following chronic ethanol exposure and reveal that the IL mPFC-RMTg projection is uniquely vulnerable to long-lasting effects of chronic ethanol exposure. This article is part of the Special Issue on "PFC circuit function in psychiatric disease and relevant models".
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn R Przybysz
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joel E Shillinglaw
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shannon R Wheeler
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Glover
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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279
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Dwivedi R, Kaushik M, Tripathi M, Dada R, Tiwari P. Unraveling the genetic basis of epilepsy: Recent advances and implications for diagnosis and treatment. Brain Res 2024; 1843:149120. [PMID: 39032529 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy, affecting approximately 1% of the global population, manifests as recurring seizures and is heavily influenced by genetic factors. Recent advancements in genetic technologies have revolutionized our understanding of epilepsy's genetic landscape. Key studies, such as the discovery of mutations in ion channels (e.g., SCN1A and SCN2A), neurotransmitter receptors (e.g., GABRA1), and synaptic proteins (e.g., SYNGAP1, KCNQ2), have illuminated critical pathways underlying epilepsy susceptibility and pathogenesis. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified specific genetic variations linked to epilepsy risk, such as variants near SCN1A and PCDH7, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and enabling personalized treatment strategies. Moreover, epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation (e.g., MBD5), histone modifications (e.g., HDACs), and non-coding RNAs (e.g., miR-134), play pivotal roles in altering gene expression and synaptic plasticity, contributing to epileptogenesis. These discoveries offer promising avenues for therapeutic interventions aimed at improving outcomes for epilepsy patients. Genetic testing has become essential in clinical practice, facilitating precise diagnosis and tailored management approaches based on individual genetic profiles. Furthermore, insights into epigenetic regulation suggest novel therapeutic targets for developing more effective epilepsy treatments. In summary, this review highlights significant progress in understanding the genetic and epigenetic foundations of epilepsy. By integrating findings from key studies and specifying genes involved in epigenetic modifications, we underscore the potential for advanced therapeutic strategies in this complex neurological disorder, emphasizing the importance of personalized medicine approaches in epilepsy management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Dwivedi
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Meenakshi Kaushik
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Manjari Tripathi
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Rima Dada
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Prabhakar Tiwari
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
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280
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Xie W, Ding B, Lou J, Wang X, Guo X, Zhu J. Metformin attenuates white matter injury in neonatal mice through activating NRF2/HO-1/NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:112961. [PMID: 39163687 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
White matter injury (WMI) is a major form of brain injury that occurs in preterm infants and develops into lifelong disabilities, including cerebral palsy, impaired cognitive function, and psychiatric disorders. Metformin (MET) has been reported to have neuroprotective effects. However, whether MET is responsible for neuroprotection against WMI remains unclear. In this study, we established a WMI model in neonatal mice to explore the neuroprotective effects of MET and attempted to elucidate its potential mechanisms. Our results showed that MET increased the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP), oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (Olig2), and CC1, improved the thickness and density of the myelin sheath, and reduced oxidative stress and microglial infiltration after chronic hypoxia induction. Moreover, MET improved memory, learning, and motor abilities as well as relieved anxiety-like behaviors in mice with WMI. These protective effects of MET may involve the upregulation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)/NF-κB pathway related protein expressions. In addition, the NRF2 inhibitor ML385 could significantly reverse the effects of MET. In conclusion, this study suggested that MET attenuated chronic hypoxia-induced WMI through activating the NRF2/HO-1/NF-κB pathway, indicating that MET might be a promising therapeutic option for WMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second School of Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bingqing Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second School of Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Lou
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second School of Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second School of Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- Scientific Research Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jianghu Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second School of Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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281
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Zhang XL, Li YX, Berglund N, Burgdorf JS, Donello JE, Moskal JR, Stanton PK. Zelquistinel acts at an extracellular binding domain to modulate intracellular calcium inactivation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors. Neuropharmacology 2024; 259:110100. [PMID: 39117105 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Stinels are a novel class of N-methyl-d-aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR) positive allosteric modulators. We explored mechanism of action and NR2 subtype specificity of the stinel zelquistinel (ZEL) in HEK 293 cells expressing recombinant NMDARs. ZEL potently enhanced NMDAR current at NR2A (EC50 = 9.9 ± 0.5 nM) and NR2C-containing (EC50 = 9.7 ± 0.6 nM) NMDARs, with a larger ceiling enhancement at NR2B-NMDAR (EC50 = 35.0 ± 0.7 nM), while not affecting NR2D-containing NMDARs. In cells expressing NR2A and NR2C-containing NMDARs, ZEL exhibited an inverted-U dose-response relation, with a low concentration enhancement and high concentration suppression of NMDAR currents. Extracellular application of ZEL potentiated NMDAR receptor activity via prolongation of NMDAR currents. Replacing the slow Ca2+ intracellular chelator EGTA with the fast chelator BAPTA blocked ZEL potentiation of NMDARs, suggesting an action on intracellular Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent inactivation (CDI). Consistent with this mechanism of action, removal of the NR1 intracellular C-terminus, or intracellular infusion of a calmodulin blocking peptide, blocked ZEL potentiation of NMDAR current. In contrast, BAPTA did not prevent high-dose suppression of current, indicating this effect has a different mechanism of action. These data indicate ZEL is a novel positive allosteric modulator that binds extracellularly and acts through a unique long-distance mechanism to reduce NMDAR CDI, eliciting enhancement of NMDAR current. The critical role that NMDARs play in long-term, activity-dependent synaptic plasticity, learning, memory and cognition, suggests dysregulation of CDI may contribute to psychiatric disorders such as depression, schizophrenia and others, and that the stinel class of drugs can restore NMDAR-dependent synaptic plasticity by reducing activity-dependent CDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lei Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Yong-Xin Li
- AbbVie Inc, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA, 92612, USA
| | - Nils Berglund
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Eve BioTek, Warrington, UK
| | | | - John E Donello
- Gate Neurosciences, 1210 Waterway Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Joseph R Moskal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Patric K Stanton
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA; Department of Neurology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA.
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282
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Chen Y, Zhang L, Zhang J, Yu H, Zhou Y, Li Q, Li X. The path of depression in rural children: A fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis across multiple provinces in China. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:237-245. [PMID: 39173922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explores the combinations of conditional variables contributing to depressive symptoms in rural children. METHODS We analyzed data from 715 children from a rural mental health database, conducting detailed follow-up investigations on 129 children in Zhejiang and Henan provinces. We used fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) and regression analysis to identify causal pathways leading to depression. RESULTS The results indicate that depression in rural children does not stem from a single, necessary condition but arises from multiple factors. Our findings highlight significant contributions from both maternal and paternal involvement. Specifically, maternal involvement, combined synergistically with peer support and problematic behaviors, as well as paternal involvement, together with peer support and anxiety, significantly affects depressive outcomes. Additionally, anxiety and strong peer relationships independently have a substantial impact on these outcomes. Effective mitigation strategies involve active parental engagement and robust peer support, reducing the influence of risk factors such as problematic behaviors and anxiety. LIMITATIONS The generalizability of the results is limited by cultural and geographical variations. The study also does not account for all potential factors influencing depression in rural children. CONCLUSION Depression in rural children results from multiple interacting factors. Tailored interventions addressing these specific combinations are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Chen
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Linghui Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Jiayuan Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Yuqiu Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China; Department of Nursing, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China.
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Nursing, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
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283
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Hu H, Liu Y, Qiu C, Zhang L, Cui H, Gu J. LINC00894 inhibited neuron cellular apoptosis and regulated activating transcription factor 3 expression. Gene 2024; 927:148670. [PMID: 38857714 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
LINC00894 may be associated with synaptic function, but its biology function in neural cells is still unknown. In this study, LINC00894 knockdown decreased the EdU incorporated into newly synthesized DNA and cell viability in MTT or CCK-8 assay in HEK-293T and BE(2)-M17 (M17) neuroblastoma cells. And LINC00894 knockdown increased cellular apoptosis in Annexin V-FITC staining, the expression of activated Caspase3 and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) both in HEK-293T and M17 cells. Moreover, LINC00894 also protected cells from hydrogen peroxide induced apoptosis in in vitro models. Utilizing RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) integrated with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunoblot, we identified that LINC00894 affected activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) expression in HEK-293T, M17, and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Finally, we found that ectopic expression of ATF3 restored cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis in LINC00894 downregulated M17 cells. While knockdown of ATF3 also significantly increased the cell viability inhibition and apoptosis promotion induced by LINC00894 knockdown in M17 cells. Our results from in vitro models revealed that LINC00894 could promote neuronal cell proliferation and inhibit cellular apoptosis by affecting ATF3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjing Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration and Ministry of Education of Jiangsu, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxiao Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration and Ministry of Education of Jiangsu, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration and Ministry of Education of Jiangsu, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liti Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration and Ministry of Education of Jiangsu, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hengxiang Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianlan Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration and Ministry of Education of Jiangsu, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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284
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Prasad H. Genes for endosomal pH regulators NHE6 and NHE9 are dysregulated in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease. Gene 2024; 927:148737. [PMID: 38945311 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Endosomal acid base balance functions as a master orchestrator within the cell, engaging with many cellular pathways to maintain homeostasis. Mutations in the endosomal pH regulator Na+/H+ exchanger NHE6 may disrupt this delicate balancing act and cause monogenic Parkinsonism. Here, gene expression studies in post-mortem substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and normal controls were performed to investigate whether NHE6 represents a pathophysiological link between monogenic and sporadic PD. The substantia nigra in PD displayed down-regulation of NHE6, coincident with a loss of expression of several SNARE signalling pathway members, suggesting impaired membrane fusion and vesicle-recycling. Increased abundance of related NHE9 was also identified in the parkinsonian nigra that could reflect compensatory changes or be a consequence of neuronal dysfunction. The current model suggests the possibility that neurons expressing low levels of NHE6 are more susceptible to injury in PD, potentially directly contributing to the loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons and the genesis of the disease. These results have important implications for disease-modifying therapies as they suggest that endosomal pH correctors, including epigenetic modifiers that regulate NHE6 expression, may be beneficial for PD. Thus, aberrant endosomal acidification in the nigrostriatal pathway is a possible unifying pathomechanism in both monogenic and sporadic PD, with implications for understanding and treating this disorder. Replication of these observations in the post-mortem brains of Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia patients supports a model of conserved mechanisms underlying injury and death of neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Prasad
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India.
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285
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Wen X, Hu J. Targeting STAT3 signaling pathway in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with compounds from natural products. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:112936. [PMID: 39163684 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is difficult to cure and of global concern. Neuroinflammation is closely associated with the onset and progression of AD, making its treatment increasingly important. Compounds from natural products, with fewer side effects than synthetic drugs, are of high research interest. STAT3, a multifunctional transcription factor, is involved in various cellular processes including inflammation, cell growth, and apoptosis. Its activation and inhibition can have different effects under various pathological conditions. In AD, the STAT3 protein plays a crucial role in promoting neuroinflammation and contributing to disease progression. This occurs primarily through the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway, which impacts microglia, astrocytes, and hippocampal neurons. This paper reviews the STAT3 signaling pathway in AD and 25 compounds targeting STAT3 up to 2024. Notably, Rutin, Paeoniflorin, and Geniposide up-regulate STAT3 in hippocampal and cortex neurons, showing neuroprotective effects in various AD models. Other 23 compounds downregulate AD by suppressing neuroinflammation through inhibition of STAT3 activation in microglia and astrocytes. These findings highlight the potential of compounds from natural products in improving AD by targeting STAT3, offering insights into the prevention and management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyue Wen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jinyue Hu
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China.
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286
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Del Giacco AC, Morales AM, Jones SA, Barnes SJ, Nagel BJ. Ventral striatal-cingulate resting-state functional connectivity in healthy adolescents relates to later depression symptoms in adulthood. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:205-212. [PMID: 39134157 PMCID: PMC11438492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a significant public health concern. Identifying biopsychosocial risk factors for depression is important for developing targeted prevention. Studies have demonstrated that blunted striatal activation during reward processing is a risk factor for depression; however, few have prospectively examined whether adolescent reward-related resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) predicts depression symptoms in adulthood and how this relates to known risk factors (e.g., childhood trauma). METHODS At baseline, 66 adolescents (mean age = 14.7, SD = 1.4, 68 % female) underwent rsFC magnetic resonance imaging and completed the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). At follow-up (mean time between adolescent scan and adult follow-up = 10.1 years, SD = 1.6, mean adult age = 24.8 years, SD = 1.7), participants completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Beck Depression Inventory- Second Edition (BDI-2). Average rsFC was calculated between nodes in mesocorticolimbic reward circuitry: ventral striatum (VS), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), medial orbitofrontal cortex, and ventral tegmental area. Linear regressions assessed associations between rsFC, BDI-2, and CTQ, controlling for adolescent CDI, sex assigned at birth, and scan age (Bonferroni corrected). RESULTS Greater childhood trauma was associated with higher adulthood depression symptoms. Stronger VS-rACC rsFC during adolescence was associated with greater depression symptoms in adulthood and greater childhood trauma. LIMITATIONS The small sample size, limited depression severity, and seed-based approach are limitations. CONCLUSIONS The associations between adolescent striatal-cingulate rsFC and childhood trauma and adult depression symptoms suggest this connectivity may be an early neurobiological risk factor for depression and that early life experience plays an important role. Increased VS-rACC connectivity may represent an over-regulatory response on the striatum, commonly reported in depression, and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Scott A Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, USA
| | | | - Bonnie J Nagel
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, USA; Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, USA
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287
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Harel M, Amiaz R, Raizman R, Leibovici A, Golan Y, Mesika D, Bodini R, Tsarfaty G, Weiser M, Livny A. Distinct homotopic functional connectivity patterns of the amygdalar sub-regions as biomarkers in major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:285-292. [PMID: 39134155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects multiple functional neural networks. Neuroimaging studies using resting-state functional connectivity (FC) have focused on the amygdala but did not assess changes in connectivity between the left and right amygdala. The current study aimed to examine the inter-hemispheric functional connectivity (homotopic FC, HoFC) between different amygdalar sub-regions in patients with MDD compared to healthy controls, and to examine whether amygdalar sub-regions' HoFC also predicts response to Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs). METHOD Sixty-seven patients with MDD and 64 matched healthy controls were recruited. An MRI scan focusing on resting state fMRI and clinical and cognitive evaluations were performed. An atlas seed-based approach was used to identify the lateral and medial sub-regions of the amygdala. HoFC of these sub-regions was compared between groups and correlated with severity of depression, and emotional processing performance. Baseline HoFC levels were used to predict response to SSRIs after 2 months of treatment. RESULTS Patients with MDD demonstrated decreased inter-hemispheric FC in the medial (F3,120 = 4.11, p = 0.008, η2 = 0.096) but not in the lateral (F3,119 = 0.29, p = 0.82, η2 = 0.008) amygdala compared with healthy controls. The inter-hemispheric FC of the medial sub-region correlated with symptoms severity (r = -0.33, p < 0.001) and emotional processing performance (r = 0.38, p < 0.001). Moreover, it predicted treatment response to SSRIs 65.4 % of the cases. LIMITATIONS The current study did not address FC changes in MDD biotypes. In addition, structural connectivity was not examined. CONCLUSIONS Using a unique perspective of the amygdalar distinct areas elucidated differential inter-hemispheric FC patterns in MDD patients, emphasizing the role of interhemispheric communication in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Harel
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Revital Amiaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Reut Raizman
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Leibovici
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Yael Golan
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Department of Psychology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - David Mesika
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Raffaella Bodini
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Galia Tsarfaty
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Mark Weiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Abigail Livny
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Department of Imaging, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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288
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Lee S, Choi H, Park MH, Park B. Differential role of negative and positive parenting styles on resting-state brain networks in middle-aged adolescents. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:222-229. [PMID: 39173921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Parenting styles encompass negative and positive approaches, potentially affecting adolescents' brain reward and emotion regulation systems. However, the association between parenting style and brain networks remains unknown. This study investigates the link between parenting style and functional connectivity (FC) within the reward and emotion regulation brain networks, using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). A total of forty-two middle-aged adolescents (26 males; 16 females) with no neurological or psychiatric symptoms participated in this study. We assessed parenting behaviors and extracted reward/emotion regulation FC from rs-fMRI. We examined the association between FC and parenting style, identified through principal component analysis. Correlation analysis investigated these links while controlling for sex. We delineated both positive (love-autonomy) and negative (hostility-control) parenting styles, accounting for 79 % of the explained variance in parenting behaviors. The negative parenting style displayed connections with FC within the reward system, particularly in the left nucleus accumbens (NAc), showcasing links to multiple frontal regions. Furthermore, it correlated with the social reward network, specifically the insula-NAc FC in bilateral hemispheres. Conversely, the positive parenting style exhibited an association with FC between the hippocampus and right lateral prefrontal cortex. Our findings support negative parenting's association with an immature reward system and suggest positive parenting's potential to enhance emotion regulation in brain function. These observations highlight two distinct parenting styles, including single-parenting behaviors. Thus, we advance understanding of each style's unique contributions to adolescent reward- and emotion regulation-related brain network development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulgi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haemi Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hyeon Park
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bumhee Park
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Office of Biostatistics, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Ajou Research Institute for Innovative Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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289
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He Y, Liu J, Xiao H, Xiao L. Early postnatal whisker deprivation cross-modally modulates prefrontal cortex myelination and leads to social novelty deficit. Brain Res 2024; 1843:149136. [PMID: 39098577 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Sensory experience affects not only the corresponding primary sensory cortex, but also synaptic and neural circuit functions in other brain regions in a cross-modal manner. However, it remains unclear whether oligodendrocyte (OL) generation and myelination can also undergo cross-modal modulation. Here, we report that while early life short-term whisker deprivation from birth significantly reduces in the number of mature of OLs and the degree of myelination in the primary somatosensory cortex(S1) at postnatal day 14 (P14), it also simultaneously affects the primary visual cortex (V1), but not the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) with a similar reduction. Interestingly, when mice were subjected to long-term early whisker deprivation from birth (P0) to P35, they exhibited dramatically impaired myelination and a deduced number of differentiated OLs in regions including the S1, V1, and mPFC, as detected at P60. Meanwhile, the process complexity of OL precursor cells (OPCs) was also rduced, as detected in the mPFC. However, when whisker deprivation occurred during the mid-late postnatal period (P35 to P50), myelination was unaffected in both V1 and mPFC brain regions at P60. In addition to impaired OL and myelin development in the mPFC, long-term early whisker-deprived mice also showed deficits in social novelty, accompanied by abnormal activation of c-Fos in the mPFC. Thus, our results reveal a novel form of cross-modal modulation of myelination by sensory experience that can lead to abnormalities in social behavioral, suggesting a possible similar mechanism underlying brain pathological conditions that suffer from both sensory and social behavioral deficits, such as autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang He
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Junhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Hanyu Xiao
- Shanghai Pinghe School, Shanghai 200120, PR China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
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290
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Sanz-Martos AB, Roca M, Plaza A, Merino B, Ruiz-Gayo M, Olmo ND. Long-term saturated fat-enriched diets impair hippocampal learning and memory processes in a sex-dependent manner. Neuropharmacology 2024; 259:110108. [PMID: 39128582 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Consumption of saturated fat-enriched diets during adolescence has been closely associated with the reduction of hippocampal synaptic plasticity and the impairment of cognitive function. Nevertheless, the effect of long-term intake of these foods has not yet been studied. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of a treatment, lasting for 40 weeks, with a diet enriched in saturated fat (SOLF) on i) spatial learning and memory, ii) hippocampal synaptic transmission and plasticity, and iii) hippocampal gene expression levels in aged male and female mice. Our findings reveal that SOLF has a detrimental impact on spatial memory and synaptic plasticity mechanisms, such as long-term potentiation (LTP), and downregulates Gria1 expression specifically in males. In females, SOLF downregulates the gene expression of Gria1/2/3 and Grin1/2A/2B glutamate receptor subunits as well as some proinflammatory interleukins. These findings highlight the importance of considering sex-specific factors when assessing the long-term effects of high-fat diets on cognition and brain plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Sanz-Martos
- Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology, UNED, C/ Juan del Rosal 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Roca
- Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology, UNED, C/ Juan del Rosal 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Plaza
- Department of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Merino
- Department of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano Ruiz-Gayo
- Department of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Del Olmo
- Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology, UNED, C/ Juan del Rosal 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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291
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Wang F, Chen Z, Zhou Q, Sun Q, Zheng N, Chen Z, Lin J, Li B, Li L. Implications of liquid-liquid phase separation and ferroptosis in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2024; 259:110083. [PMID: 39043267 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal cell demise represents a prevalent occurrence throughout the advancement of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism of triggering the death of neuronal cells remains unclear. Its potential mechanisms include aggregation of soluble amyloid-beta (Aβ) to form insoluble amyloid plaques, abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein and formation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), neuroinflammation, ferroptosis, oxidative stress, liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and metal ion disorders. Among them, ferroptosis is an iron-dependent lipid peroxidation-driven cell death and emerging evidences have demonstrated the involvement of ferroptosis in the pathological process of AD. The sensitivity to ferroptosis is tightly linked to numerous biological processes. Moreover, emerging evidences indicate that LLPS has great impacts on regulating human health and diseases, especially AD. Soluble Aβ can undergo LLPS to form liquid-like droplets, which can lead to the formation of insoluble amyloid plaques. Meanwhile, tau has a high propensity to condensate via the mechanism of LLPS, which can lead to the formation of NFTs. In this review, we summarize the most recent advancements pertaining to LLPS and ferroptosis in AD. Our primary focus is on expounding the influence of Aβ, tau protein, iron ions, and lipid oxidation on the intricate mechanisms underlying ferroptosis and LLPS within the domain of AD pathology. Additionally, we delve into the intricate cross-interactions that occur between LLPS and ferroptosis in the context of AD. Our findings are expected to serve as a theoretical and experimental foundation for clinical research and targeted therapy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuwei Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmaceutical Development, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmaceutical Development, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmaceutical Development, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmaceutical Development, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmaceutical Development, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Ziwen Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmaceutical Development, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jiantao Lin
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmaceutical Development, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
| | - Baohong Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmaceutical Development, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
| | - Li Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmaceutical Development, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
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292
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Borgonetti V, Morozzi M, Galeotti N. Neuroinflammation evoked mechanisms for neuropathic itch in the spared nerve injury mouse model of neuropathic pain. Neuropharmacology 2024; 259:110120. [PMID: 39159835 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
A large portion of neuropathic pain suffering patients may also concurrently experience neuropathic itch, with a negative impact on the quality of life. The limited understanding of neuropathic itch and the low efficacy of current anti-itch therapies dictate the urgent need of a better comprehension of molecular mechanisms involved and development of relevant animal models. This study was aimed to characterize the itching phenotype in a model of trauma-induced peripheral neuropathy, the spared nerve injury (SNI), and the molecular events underlying the overlap with the nociceptive behavior. SNI mice developed hyperknesis and spontaneous itch 7-14 days after surgery that was prevented by gabapentin treatment. Itch was associated with pain hypersensitivity, loss of intraepidermal nerve fiber (IENF) density and increased epidermal thickness. In coincidence with the peak of scratching behavior, SNI mice showed a spinal overexpression of IBA1 and GFAP, microglia and astrocyte markers respectively. An increase of the itch neuropeptide B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in NeuN+ cells, of its downstream effector interleukin 17 (IL17) along with increased pERK1/2 levels occurred in the spinal cord dorsal horn and DRG. A raise in BNP and IL17 was also detected at skin level. Stimulation of HaCat cells with conditioned medium from BV2-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells produced a dramatic reduction of HaCat cell viability. This study showed that SNI mice might represent a model for neuropathic itch and pain. Collectively, our finding suggest that neuropathic itch might initiate at spinal level, then affecting skin epidermis events, through a glia-mediated neuroinflammation-evoked BNP/IL17 mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Borgonetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (Neurofarba), University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini 6, Florence, Italy
| | - Martina Morozzi
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (Neurofarba), University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini 6, Florence, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Galeotti
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (Neurofarba), University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini 6, Florence, Italy.
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293
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Wang L, Zhao S, Shao J, Su C. The effect and mechanism of low-dose esketamine in neuropathic pain-related depression-like behavior in rats. Brain Res 2024; 1843:149117. [PMID: 38977235 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical evidence suggests that Esketamine (ESK) is an effective treatment for depression. However, the effects of Esketamine in treating depression-like behavior induced by neuropathic pain is unclear. The underlying molecular mechanisms require further investigation to provide new therapeutic targets for the treatment of clinical neuropathic pain-related depression. METHODS A neuropathic pain-related depression model was established in rats with spared nerve injury (SNI). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham Group, SNI group, SNI + Normal Saline (NS) Group and SNI + ESK5mg/kg Group. Mechanical pain thresholds were measured to assess pain sensitivity in SNI rats. On the 14th day after surgery a forced swim test and sucrose preference test were used to evaluate the depressive-like behavior of rats in each group. Further, a proteomic analysis was used to quantify differentially expressed proteins. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were analyzed to explore the main protein targets of SNI in the medial prefrontal cortex. The expression of proteins was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS A neuropathic pain-related depression model was established. Compared with the Sham group, the mechanical pain threshold was decreased significantly (13.2 ± 1.0 vs. 0.7 ± 0.01 g n = 8), while immobility on the forced swim test was also decreased (93.1 ± 7.4 vs. 169.5 ± 9.6 s n = 8), and sucrose preference rate was significantly increased (98.8 ± 0.3 vs. 73.1 ± 1.4n = 7) in SNI group rats. Compared with the SNI + NS group, the mechanical pain threshold was not statistically significant, while immobility on the forced swim test was clearly decreased (161.1 ± 11.6 vs. 77.9 ± 5.0 s n = 8), and sucrose preference rate was significantly increased (53.1 ± 8.9 vs. 96.1 ± 1.4n = 7) in SNI + ESK5mg/kg group rats. To further investigate the underlying mechanism, we employed proteomics to identify proteins exhibiting more than a 1.2-fold difference (P < 0.05) in expression levels within each group for subsequent analysis. Relative to the Sham group, 88 downregulated and 104 up-regulated proteins were identified in the SNI group, while 120 and 84 proteins were up- and down-regulated in the Esketamine treatment group compared with the SNI + NS group. Compared with Sham group, the expressions of mGluR5 and Homer1a were up-regulated in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in SNI group (mGluR5:0.97 ± 0.05 vs 1.47 ± 0.15, Homer1a:1.03 ± 0.06 vs 1.46 ± 0.16n = 6), and down-regulated after intervention with Esketamine (mGluR5:1.54 ± 0.11 vs 1.06 ± 0.07, Homer1a:1.51 ± 0.13 vs 1.12 ± 0.34n = 6). CONCLUSIONS Low-dose Esketamine appeared to relieve depression-like behavior induced by neuropathic pain. The Homer1a-mGluR5 signaling pathway might be the mechanism of antidepressant effect of Esketamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/ Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shuwu Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/ Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiali Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/ Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/ Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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294
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Ye Y, Liang J, Xu C, Liu Y, Chen J, Zhu Y. Inhibition of HMOX1 by MAFG potentiates the development of depression‑like behavior in mice associated with astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation. Brain Res 2024; 1843:149115. [PMID: 38977234 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
MAF bZIP transcription factor G (MAFG)-driven astrocytes have been reported to promote inflammation in the CNS. However, its function in depression, the primary cause of disability worldwide, has not been well characterized. This study investigated the possible perturbation of heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1, also known as HO1) by the transcription factor MAFG as an underlying mechanism of the development of depression. The GSE98793 dataset was included for gene expression analysis of whole blood from donors with major depressive disorder and controls, and the target of MAFG was predicted by multiple database mining. Mouse and cellular models of depression were established by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment of astrocytes, which were treated with MAFG and HMOX1 knockdown plasmids. MAFG was highly expressed in the hippocampal tissues of CUMS-challenged mice and LPS-induced astrocytes. MAFG knockdown alleviated depression-like behaviors in mice. MAFG bound to the HMOX1 promoter and repressed its transcription. Knockdown of HMOX1 exacerbated neuroinflammation in astrocytes and accelerated depression-like behavior in mice. In conclusion, MAFG knockdown attenuated CUMS-stimulated depression-like behaviors in mice by astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation via restoration of HMOX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ye
- Department of Psychiatry, The Seventh People's Hospital of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325006, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jiawei Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 318150, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Pathology, Enze Hospital, Taizhou Enze Medical Center, Taizhou 318050, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China; The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yanhui Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Seventh People's Hospital of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325006, Zhejiang, PR China.
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Fang K, Hou Y, Niu L, Han S, Zhang W. Individualized gray matter morphological abnormalities uncover two robust transdiagnostic biotypes. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:193-204. [PMID: 39173920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders exhibit a shared neuropathology, yet the diverse presentations among patients necessitate the identification of transdiagnostic subtypes to enhance diagnostic and treatment strategies. This study aims to unveil potential transdiagnostic subtypes based on personalized gray matter morphological abnormalities. A total of 496 patients with psychiatric disorders and 255 healthy controls (HCs) from three distinct datasets (one for discovery and two for validation) were enrolled. Individualized gray matter morphological abnormalities were determined using normative modeling to identify transdiagnostic subtypes. In the discovery dataset, two transdiagnostic subtypes with contrasting patterns of structural abnormalities compared to HCs were identified. Reproducibility and generalizability analyses demonstrated that these subtypes could be generalized to new patients and even to new disorders in the validation datasets. These subtypes were characterized by distinct disease epicenters. The gray matter abnormal pattern in subtype 1 was mainly linked to excitatory receptors, whereas subtype 2 showed a predominant association with inhibitory receptors. Furthermore, we observed that the gray matter abnormal pattern in subtype 2 was correlated with transcriptional profiles of inflammation-related genes, while subtype 1 did not show this association. Our findings reveal two robust transdiagnostic biotypes, offering novel insights into psychiatric nosology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine and Comprehensive Evaluation, Henan Cancer Hospital, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drug Research, Henan Cancer Hospital, China
| | - Ying Hou
- Department of ultrasound, the affiliated cancer hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, China
| | - Lianjie Niu
- Department of Breast Disease, Henan Breast Cancer Center, the affiliated Cancer Hidospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, China.
| | - Shaoqiang Han
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province, China.
| | - Wenzhou Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine and Comprehensive Evaluation, Henan Cancer Hospital, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drug Research, Henan Cancer Hospital, China.
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296
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Cui J, Li M, Wu Y, Shen Q, Yan W, Zhang S, Chen M, Zhou J. Exploring the mediating role of the ventral attention network and somatosensory motor network in the association between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms in major depressive disorders. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:1-8. [PMID: 39142581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood trauma is closely tied to adult depression, but the neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. Previous studies suggested associations between depression and large-scale brain networks such as the Ventral Attention Network (VAN) and Somatosensory Motor Network (SMN). This study hypothesized that functional connectivity (FC) within and between these networks mediates the link between childhood trauma and adult depression. METHODS The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) assessed developmental experiences, and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) gauged depressive symptoms. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analyzed FC within and between the VAN and SMN. RESULTS Depression group exhibited significantly higher HAMD and CTQ scores, as well as elevated FC within the VAN and between the VAN and SMN (P < 0.05). Positive correlations were found between HAMD total score and FC within the VAN (P < 0.05, r = 0.35) and between the VAN and SMN (P < 0.05, r = 0.34), as well as with CTQ total score (P < 0.05, r = 0.27). Positive correlations were also observed between CTQ total score and FC within the VAN (P < 0.05, r = 0.31) and between the VAN and SMN (P < 0.05, r = 0.29). In the mediation model, FC within and between the VAN and SMN significantly mediated childhood trauma and depression. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design limits causal inference. The sample size for different trauma types is relatively small, urging caution in generalizing findings. CONCLUSIONS The study underscores the association between depression severity, VAN dysfunction, abnormal VAN-SMN FC, and childhood trauma. These findings contribute to understanding the neurobiological mechanisms underlying childhood trauma and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China; Precision Medicine Laboratory, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Wu
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Qinge Shen
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China; Precision Medicine Laboratory, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Shudong Zhang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China; School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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297
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Xu X, Yan Y, Yang Z, Zhang T. Down-regulation of RIPK3 prevents depression-like behaviors by restoring the synaptic plasticity and suppressing neuronal loss. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:213-221. [PMID: 39154980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The excessive secretion of glucocorticoids resulting from the overactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of depression. RIPK3 plays a significant role in apoptosis and necroptosis. Glucocorticoids have been implicated in directly regulating the expression of RIPK3, leading to apoptosis and necroptosis of osteoblasts. This suggests that RIPK3 may contribute to cell death induced by glucocorticoids. However, the precise involvement of RIPK3 in glucocorticoid-induced depression remains poorly understood. METHODS In this study, a mouse model of depression was established by repeated corticosterone injections to examine the impact of RIPK3 knockdown on depression-like behavior. Additionally, a corticosterone-induced HT22 injury model was also established to investigate the role of RIPK3 in corticosterone-induced neuronal cell death and underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that hippocampal RIPK3 knockdown effectively ameliorated depression-related symptoms and restored synaptic plasticity impairment caused by corticosterone. Furthermore, treatment with the RIPK3 inhibitor GSK872 in vitro successfully mitigated corticosterone-induced HT22 cell death. Additionally, the administration of a free radical scavenger alleviated neuronal death and effectively suppressed the expression of corticosterone-induced RIPK3. LIMITATIONS The limitation of this study is that only the changes of RIPK3 in the hippocampus of depressed male animals were studied. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that corticosterone may induce RIPK3-dependent neuronal cell death and impair synaptic plasticity through the generation of high levels of oxidative stress, ultimately leading to depression-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 300130 Tianjin, China; College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxing Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China.
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298
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Saribal D, Çalis H, Ceylan Z, Depciuch J, Cebulski J, Guleken Z. Investigation of the structural changes in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex using FTIR spectroscopy in sleep deprived mice. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 321:124702. [PMID: 38917751 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Sleep is a basic, physiological requirement for living things to survive and is a process that covers one third of our lives. Melatonin is a hormone that plays an important role in the regulation of sleep. Sleep deprivation affect brain structures and functions. Sleep deprivation causes a decrease in brain activity, with particularly negative effects on the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Despite the essential role of protein and lipids vibrations, polysaccharides, fatty acid side chains functional groups, and ratios between amides in brain structures and functions, the brain chemical profile exposed to gentle handling sleep deprivation model versus Melatonin exposure remains unexplored. Therefore, the present study, aims to investigate a molecular profile of these regions using FTIR spectroscopy measurement's analysis based on lipidomic approach with chemometrics and multivariate analysis to evaluate changes in lipid composition in the hippocampus, prefrontal regions of the brain. In this study, C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to either the control or sleep deprivation group, resulting in four experimental groups: Control (C) (n = 6), Control + Melatonin (C + M) (n = 6), Sleep Deprivation (S) (n = 6), and Sleep Deprivation + Melatonin (S + M) (n = 6). Interventions were administered each morning via intraperitoneal injections of melatonin (10 mg/kg) or vehicle solution (%1 ethanol + saline), while the S and S + M groups underwent 6 h of daily sleep deprivation from using the Gentle Handling method. All mice were individually housed in cages with ad libitum access to food and water within a 12-hour light-dark cycle. Results presented that the brain regions affected by insomnia. The structure of phospholipids, changed. Yet, not only changes in lipids but also in amides were noticed in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex tissues. Additionally, FTIR results showed that melatonin affected the lipids as well as the amides fraction in cortex and hippocampus collected from both control and sleep deprivation groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Saribal
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Çalis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bağcılar State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ceylan
- Samsun University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Joanna Depciuch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-093, Poland; Institute of Nuclear Physics, PAS, 31342 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jozef Cebulski
- Institute of Physics, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Zozan Guleken
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
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299
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Lam AD, Thibault EG, Mayblyum DV, Hsieh S, Pellerin KR, Sternberg EJ, Viswanathan A, Buss S, Sarkis RA, Jacobs HIL, Johnson KA, Sperling RA. Association of Seizure Foci and Location of Tau and Amyloid Deposition and Brain Atrophy in Patients With Alzheimer Disease and Seizures. Neurology 2024; 103:e209920. [PMID: 39331846 PMCID: PMC11441794 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Alzheimer disease (AD) is associated with a 2 to 3-fold increased risk of developing late-onset focal epilepsy, yet it remains unclear how development of focal epilepsy in AD is related to AD pathology. The objective of this study was to examine spatial relationships between the epileptogenic zone and tau deposition, amyloid deposition, and brain atrophy in individuals with AD who developed late-onset, otherwise unexplained focal epilepsy. We hypothesized that if network hyperexcitability is mechanistically linked to AD pathology, then there would be increased tau and amyloid deposition within the epileptogenic hemisphere. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we performed tau and amyloid PET imaging, brain MRI, and overnight scalp EEG in individuals with early clinical stages of AD who developed late-onset, otherwise unexplained focal epilepsy (AD-Ep). Participants were referred from epilepsy and memory disorders clinics at our institutions. We determined epilepsy localization based on EEG findings and seizure semiology. We quantified tau deposition, amyloid deposition, and atrophy across brain regions and calculated asymmetry indices for these measures. We compared findings in AD-Ep with those in a control AD group without epilepsy (AD-NoEp). RESULTS The AD-Ep group included 8 individuals with a mean age of 69.5 ± 4.2 years at PET imaging. The AD-NoEp group included 14 individuals with a mean age of 71.7 ± 9.8 years at PET imaging. In AD-Ep, we found a highly asymmetric pattern of tau deposition, with significantly greater tau in the epileptogenic hemisphere. Amyloid deposition and cortical atrophy were also greater in the epileptogenic hemisphere, although the magnitudes of asymmetry were reduced compared with tau. Compared with AD-NoEp, the AD-Ep group had significantly greater tau asymmetry and trends toward greater asymmetry of amyloid and atrophy. AD-Ep also had significantly greater amyloid burden bilaterally and trends toward greater tau burden within the epileptogenic hemisphere, compared with AD-NoEp. DISCUSSION Our results reveal a spatial association between the epileptogenic focus and tau deposition, amyloid deposition, and neurodegeneration in early clinical stages of AD. Within the limitations of a cross-sectional study with small sample sizes, these findings contribute to our understanding of the clinicopathologic heterogeneity of AD, demonstrating an association between focal epilepsy and lateralized pathology in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice D Lam
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.L., S.H., K.R.P., A.V., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (A.D.L., A.V., S.B., R.A. Sarkis, H.L.J., K.A.J., R.A. Sperling), Boston; Department of Radiology (E.G.T., D.V.M., H.L.J., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (E.J.S.), Milford Regional Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston; and Department of Neurology (R.A.Sarkis, R.A.Sperling), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Emma G Thibault
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.L., S.H., K.R.P., A.V., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (A.D.L., A.V., S.B., R.A. Sarkis, H.L.J., K.A.J., R.A. Sperling), Boston; Department of Radiology (E.G.T., D.V.M., H.L.J., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (E.J.S.), Milford Regional Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston; and Department of Neurology (R.A.Sarkis, R.A.Sperling), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Danielle V Mayblyum
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.L., S.H., K.R.P., A.V., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (A.D.L., A.V., S.B., R.A. Sarkis, H.L.J., K.A.J., R.A. Sperling), Boston; Department of Radiology (E.G.T., D.V.M., H.L.J., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (E.J.S.), Milford Regional Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston; and Department of Neurology (R.A.Sarkis, R.A.Sperling), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Stephanie Hsieh
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.L., S.H., K.R.P., A.V., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (A.D.L., A.V., S.B., R.A. Sarkis, H.L.J., K.A.J., R.A. Sperling), Boston; Department of Radiology (E.G.T., D.V.M., H.L.J., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (E.J.S.), Milford Regional Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston; and Department of Neurology (R.A.Sarkis, R.A.Sperling), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Kyle R Pellerin
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.L., S.H., K.R.P., A.V., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (A.D.L., A.V., S.B., R.A. Sarkis, H.L.J., K.A.J., R.A. Sperling), Boston; Department of Radiology (E.G.T., D.V.M., H.L.J., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (E.J.S.), Milford Regional Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston; and Department of Neurology (R.A.Sarkis, R.A.Sperling), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Eliezer J Sternberg
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.L., S.H., K.R.P., A.V., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (A.D.L., A.V., S.B., R.A. Sarkis, H.L.J., K.A.J., R.A. Sperling), Boston; Department of Radiology (E.G.T., D.V.M., H.L.J., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (E.J.S.), Milford Regional Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston; and Department of Neurology (R.A.Sarkis, R.A.Sperling), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Anand Viswanathan
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.L., S.H., K.R.P., A.V., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (A.D.L., A.V., S.B., R.A. Sarkis, H.L.J., K.A.J., R.A. Sperling), Boston; Department of Radiology (E.G.T., D.V.M., H.L.J., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (E.J.S.), Milford Regional Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston; and Department of Neurology (R.A.Sarkis, R.A.Sperling), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Stephanie Buss
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.L., S.H., K.R.P., A.V., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (A.D.L., A.V., S.B., R.A. Sarkis, H.L.J., K.A.J., R.A. Sperling), Boston; Department of Radiology (E.G.T., D.V.M., H.L.J., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (E.J.S.), Milford Regional Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston; and Department of Neurology (R.A.Sarkis, R.A.Sperling), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Rani A Sarkis
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.L., S.H., K.R.P., A.V., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (A.D.L., A.V., S.B., R.A. Sarkis, H.L.J., K.A.J., R.A. Sperling), Boston; Department of Radiology (E.G.T., D.V.M., H.L.J., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (E.J.S.), Milford Regional Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston; and Department of Neurology (R.A.Sarkis, R.A.Sperling), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Heidi I L Jacobs
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.L., S.H., K.R.P., A.V., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (A.D.L., A.V., S.B., R.A. Sarkis, H.L.J., K.A.J., R.A. Sperling), Boston; Department of Radiology (E.G.T., D.V.M., H.L.J., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (E.J.S.), Milford Regional Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston; and Department of Neurology (R.A.Sarkis, R.A.Sperling), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Keith A Johnson
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.L., S.H., K.R.P., A.V., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (A.D.L., A.V., S.B., R.A. Sarkis, H.L.J., K.A.J., R.A. Sperling), Boston; Department of Radiology (E.G.T., D.V.M., H.L.J., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (E.J.S.), Milford Regional Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston; and Department of Neurology (R.A.Sarkis, R.A.Sperling), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Reisa A Sperling
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.L., S.H., K.R.P., A.V., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (A.D.L., A.V., S.B., R.A. Sarkis, H.L.J., K.A.J., R.A. Sperling), Boston; Department of Radiology (E.G.T., D.V.M., H.L.J., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (E.J.S.), Milford Regional Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston; and Department of Neurology (R.A.Sarkis, R.A.Sperling), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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Yang T, Hou X, Li X, Chen X, Qu Z, Zhang W, Wang M, Li J. Altered static brain activity and functional connectivity after heat stroke. Neuroreport 2024; 35:1035-1040. [PMID: 39292952 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the alteration of brain function based on resting-state functional MRI in patients after heat stroke. This study included 10 cases of patients after heat stroke and 10 cases of healthy controls. Abnormal brain function was calculated using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and degree centrality analysis, as well as functional connectivity analysis based on regions of interest (ROI). Correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the association between brain function changes and clinical scales. Combining ALFF and degree centrality results, the decreased brain regions included the left cuneus and the right angular gyrus, while the increased brain regions included the right cerebellar_Crus1. Using the left cuneus with significant differences in ALFF and degree centrality as ROI, the functional connectivity results revealed decreased brain regions including bilateral lingual gyrus, bilateral postcentral cingulate gyrus, and left precentral gyrus. The degree centrality value of the right cerebellar_Crus1 was positively correlated with glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores ( r = 0.726, P = 0.027), and the functional connectivity value of the right posterior cingulate gyrus was positively correlated with GCS scores ( r = 0.717, P = 0.030). Heat stroke patients exhibit abnormal activity in multiple brain regions, which has important clinical significance for evaluating the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University
| | - Xinyu Hou
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University
| | - Zhengwei Qu
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University
| | - Wenzheng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University
| | - Maoyang Wang
- Department of Imaging Technology, School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University
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