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Hu J, Zhang ZL, Wen CY, Tang M, Wu LL, Liu C, Zhu L, Pang DW. Sensitive and Quantitative Detection of C-Reaction Protein Based on Immunofluorescent Nanospheres Coupled with Lateral Flow Test Strip. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6577-84. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Hu
- Key Laboratory
of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology,
The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory
of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology,
The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong-Ying Wen
- Key Laboratory
of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology,
The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Man Tang
- Key Laboratory
of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology,
The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling-Ling Wu
- Key Laboratory
of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology,
The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cui Liu
- Key Laboratory
of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology,
The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lian Zhu
- Key Laboratory
of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology,
The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- Key Laboratory
of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology,
The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
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302
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Crawley AS, O'Kennedy RJ. The need for effective pancreatic cancer detection and management: a biomarker-based strategy. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 15:1339-53. [PMID: 26394703 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2015.1083862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (Pa) is generally a very aggressive disease, with few effective approaches available for early diagnosis or therapy. These factors, combined with the aggressiveness and chemoresistance of Pa, results in a bleak outcome post-diagnosis. Cancer-related biomarkers have established capabilities for diagnosis, prognosis and screening and can be exploited to aid in earlier less-invasive diagnosis and optimization of targeted therapies. Pa has only one US FDA-approved biomarker, CA19-9, which has significant limitations. Hence, it is vital that novel biomarkers are identified and validated to diagnose, treat, control and monitor Pa. This review focuses on existing and potential Pa-associated markers and discusses how they may be applied in cohort for improved management of Pa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife S Crawley
- a 1 School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Richard J O'Kennedy
- a 1 School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.,b 2 Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
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303
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Ablamowicz AF, Nichols JJ. Ocular Surface Membrane-Associated Mucins. Ocul Surf 2016; 14:331-41. [PMID: 27154035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Ocular surface epithelial cells produce and secrete mucins that form a hydrophilic barrier for protection and lubrication of the eye. This barrier, the glycocalyx, is formed by high molecular weight heavily glycosylated membrane-associated mucins (MAMs) that include MUC1, MUC4, and MUC16. These mucins extend into the tear film from the anterior surfaces of the conjunctiva and cornea, and, through interactions with galectin-3, prevent penetrance of pathogens into the eye. Due primarily to the glycosylation of the mucins, the glycocalyx also creates less friction during blinking and enables the tear film to maintain wetting of the eye. The secretory mucins include soluble MUC7 and gel-forming MUC5AC. These mucins, particularly MUC5AC, assist with removal of debris from the tear film and contribute to the hydrophilicity of the tear film. While new methodologies and cell culture models have expanded our understanding of mucin structure and function on the ocular surface, there is still a paucity of studies characterizing the glycosylation of MAMs on a normal ocular surface and a diseased ocular surface. Although studies have shown alterations in mucin production and expression in dry eye diseases, the relationship between changes in mucins and functional consequences is unclear. This review focuses on comparing what is known about MAMs in wet-surfaced epithelia of the body to what has been studied on the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna F Ablamowicz
- School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jason J Nichols
- School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Tamir A, Gangadharan A, Balwani S, Tanaka T, Patel U, Hassan A, Benke S, Agas A, D'Agostino J, Shin D, Yoon S, Goy A, Pecora A, Suh KS. The serine protease prostasin (PRSS8) is a potential biomarker for early detection of ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2016; 9:20. [PMID: 27036110 PMCID: PMC4815131 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-016-0228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OVC) is the deadliest of all gynecologic cancers, primarily as a consequence of asymptomatic progression. The complex nature of OVC creates challenges for early detection, and there is a lack of specific and sensitive biomarkers suitable for screening and detecting early stage OVC. Methods Potential OVC biomarkers were identified by bioinformatic analysis. Candidates were further screened for differential expression in a library of OVC cell lines. OVC-specific overexpression of a candidate gene, PRSS8, which encodes prostasin, was confirmed against 18 major human cancer types from 390 cancer samples by qRT-PCR. PRSS8 expression profiles stratified by OVC tumor stage-, grade- and subtype were generated using cDNA samples from 159 OVC samples. Cell-specific expression and localization of prostasin was determined by immunohistological tissue array analysis of more than 500 normal, benign, and cancerous ovarian tissues. The presence of prostasin in normal, benign, and OVC serum samples was also determined. Results Gene expression analysis indicated that PRSS8 was expressed in OVC at levels more than 100 fold greater than found in normal or benign ovarian lesions. This overexpression signature was found in early stages of OVC and was maintained in higher stages and grades of OVC. The PRSS8 overexpression signature was specific for OVC and urinary bladder cancer among 18 human cancer types. The majority of ovarian cell lines overexpressed PRSS8. In situ hybridization and histopathology studies of OVC tissues indicated that overexpression of prostasin was largely localized to tumor epithelium and was absent in neighboring stroma. Significantly higher levels of prostasin were found in early stage OVC serum samples compared to benign ovarian and normal donor samples. Conclusions The abundant amounts of secreted prostasin found in sera of early stage OVC can potentially be used as a minimally invasive screening biomarker for early stage OVC. Overexpression of PRSS8 mRNA and high levels of prostasin in multiple subtypes of early stage ovarian tumors may provide clinical biomarkers for early detection of OVC, which can potentially be used with CA125 and HE4. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13048-016-0228-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayala Tamir
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA
| | - Anju Gangadharan
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA
| | - Sakshi Balwani
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA
| | - Takemi Tanaka
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma city, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Ushma Patel
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA
| | - Ahmed Hassan
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA
| | - Stephanie Benke
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA
| | - Agnieszka Agas
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA
| | - Joseph D'Agostino
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA
| | - Dayoung Shin
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA
| | - Sunghoon Yoon
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA
| | - Andre Goy
- Clinical Divisions, John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA
| | - Andrew Pecora
- Clinical Divisions, John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA
| | - K Stephen Suh
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA.
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Vergote I, Armstrong D, Scambia G, Teneriello M, Sehouli J, Schweizer C, Weil SC, Bamias A, Fujiwara K, Ochiai K, Poole C, Gorbunova V, Wang W, O'Shannessy D, Herzog TJ. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Weekly Farletuzumab in Combination With Carboplatin and Taxane in Patients With Ovarian Cancer in First Platinum-Sensitive Relapse. J Clin Oncol 2016; 34:2271-8. [PMID: 27001568 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.63.2596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Farletuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to folate receptor-α, which is highly expressed in ovarian carcinoma and largely absent from normal tissue. Farletuzumab was investigated in a double-blind, randomized phase III study in platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients had first recurrent ovarian cancer 6-24 months following completion of platinum-taxane chemotherapy. All patients received carboplatin plus paclitaxel or docetaxel (for six cycles combined with randomly assigned test products in a 1:1:1 ratio: farletuzumab 1.25 mg/kg, farletuzumab 2.5 mg/kg, or placebo). The single-agent test product was continued weekly until disease progression. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Additional analyses not outlined in the original protocol were prespecified in the final statistical analysis plan, including a subgroup analysis by baseline CA-125 and farletuzumab exposure levels. RESULTS A total of 1,100 women were randomly assigned to treatment dose or placebo. PFS from the primary analysis was 9.0, 9.5, and 9.7 months for the placebo, farletuzumab 1.25 mg/kg, and farletuzumab 2.5 mg/kg groups, respectively. Neither farletuzumab group was statistically different from the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.99 [95% CI, 0.81 to 1.21] and 0.86 [95% CI, 0.70 to 1.06] for farletuzumab 1.25 mg/kg and 2.5 mg/kg group v placebo, respectively). In the prespecified subgroup, baseline CA-125 levels not more than three times the upper limit of normal (ULN) correlated with longer PFS (HR, 0.49; P = .0028) and overall survival (OS) (HR, 0.44; P = .0108) for farletuzumab 2.5 mg/kg versus placebo. Subgroup analysis of farletuzumab exposure above the median, regardless of dose, showed significantly better PFS versus placebo. The most common adverse events were those associated with chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Neither farletuzumab dose met the study's primary PFS end point. Prespecified subgroup analyses demonstrated that patients with CA-125 levels not more than three times the ULN and patients with higher farletuzumab exposure showed superior PFS and OS compared with placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignace Vergote
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.
| | - Deborah Armstrong
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Michael Teneriello
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Charles Schweizer
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Susan C Weil
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Aristotelis Bamias
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Keiichi Fujiwara
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Kazunori Ochiai
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Christopher Poole
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Vera Gorbunova
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Wenquan Wang
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Daniel O'Shannessy
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Thomas J Herzog
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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Zhou J, Sun JY, Wu SG, Wang X, He ZY, Chen QH, Li FY. Risk factors for lymph node metastasis in ovarian cancer: Implications for systematic lymphadenectomy. Int J Surg 2016; 29:123-7. [PMID: 27000718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess the risk factors associated with lymph node metastases and to evaluate the role of systematic lymphadenectomy in ovarian cancer. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer between December 2004 and March 2012. Demographics, pathologic findings, and correlations with lymph node metastases were assessed. RESULTS A total of 256 patients were identified. The mean number of removed lymph nodes was 20.5 (range, 2-57), and 84 patients (32.8%) had nodal metastases. The mean number of positive lymph nodes was 3 (range, 1-40) in patients with lymph node metastases. Univariate analysis showed that serous histology, histological grade 2-3, and CA-125 level at diagnosis >740 U/mL were significant risk factors for lymph node metastases. Multivariate analysis showed that serous histology (odds ratio [OR], 2.728; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.072-6.945; p = 0.035), histological grade 2-3 (OR 1.897; 95% CI, 1.209-2.977; p = 0.005), and CA-125 level at diagnosis >740 U/mL (OR, 3.858; 95% CI 2.143-6.947; p < 0.001) remain the most important risk factors for lymph node metastases. The nodal metastasis rates for 0 to 1 risk factors were significantly lower than those of 2-3 risk factors (3.7% vs. 40.6%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The current study suggests that the decision making of systematic lymphadenectomy in ovarian cancer patients should be referred to the histological type, grade, and CA-125 level at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhou
- Xiamen Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Jia-Yuan Sun
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - San-Gang Wu
- Xiamen Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Zhen-Yu He
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qiong-Hua Chen
- Xiamen Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
| | - Feng-Yan Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China.
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307
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Das S, Rachagani S, Torres-Gonzalez MP, Lakshmanan I, Majhi PD, Smith LM, Wagner KU, Batra SK. Carboxyl-terminal domain of MUC16 imparts tumorigenic and metastatic functions through nuclear translocation of JAK2 to pancreatic cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5772-87. [PMID: 25691062 PMCID: PMC4467401 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MUC16 (CA125) is a type-I transmembrane glycoprotein that is up-regulated in multiple cancers including pancreatic cancer (PC). However, the existence and role of carboxyl-terminal MUC16 generated following its cleavage in PC is unknown. Our previous study using a systematic dual-epitope tagged domain deletion approach of carboxyl-terminal MUC16 has demonstrated the generation of a 17-kDa cleaved MUC16 (MUC16-Cter). Here, we demonstrate the functional significance of MUC16-Cter in PC using the dual-epitope tagged version (N-terminal FLAG- and C-terminal HA-tag) of 114 carboxyl-terminal residues of MUC16 (F114HA). In vitro analyses using F114HA transfected MiaPaCa-2 and T3M4 cells showed enhanced proliferation, motility and increased accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase with apoptosis resistance, a feature associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs). This was supported by enrichment of ALDH+ CSCs along with enhanced drug-resistance. Mechanistically, we demonstrate a novel function of MUC16-Cter that promotes nuclear translocation of JAK2 resulting in phosphorylation of Histone-3 up-regulating stemness-specific genes LMO2 and NANOG. Jak2 dependence was demonstrated using Jak2+/+ and Jak2−/− cells. Using eGFP-Luciferase labeled cells, we demonstrate enhanced tumorigenic and metastatic potential of MUC16-Cter in vivo. Taken together, we demonstrate that MUC16-Cter mediated enrichment of CSCs is partly responsible for tumorigenic, metastatic and drug-resistant properties of PC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srustidhar Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Maria P Torres-Gonzalez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Imayavaramban Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Prabin D Majhi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Lynette M Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kay-Uwe Wagner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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308
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Jarczewska M, Kékedy-Nagy L, Nielsen JS, Campos R, Kjems J, Malinowska E, Ferapontova EE. Electroanalysis of pM-levels of urokinase plasminogen activator in serum by phosphorothioated RNA aptamer. Analyst 2016; 140:3794-802. [PMID: 25620243 DOI: 10.1039/c4an02354d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Protein biomarkers of cancer allow a dramatic improvement in cancer diagnostics as compared to the traditional histological characterisation of tumours by enabling a non-invasive analysis of cancer development and treatment. Here, an electrochemical label-free assay for urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), a universal biomarker of several cancers, has been developed based on the recently selected uPA-specific fluorinated RNA aptamer, tethered to a gold electrode via a phosphorothioated dA tag, and soluble redox indicators. The binding properties of the uPA-aptamer couple and interference from the non-specific adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) were modulated by the electrode surface charge. A nM uPA electroanalysis at positively charged surfaces, complicated by the competitive adsorption of BSA, was tuned to the pM uPA analysis at negative surface charges of the electrode, being improved in the presence of negatively charged BSA. The aptamer affinity for uPA displayed via the binding/dissociation constant relationship correspondingly increased, ca. three orders of magnitude, from 0.441 to 367. Under optimal conditions, the aptasensor allowed 10(-12)-10(-9) M uPA analysis, also in serum, being practically useful for clinical applications. The proposed strategy for optimization of the electrochemical protein sensing is of particular importance for the assessment and optimization of in vivo protein ligand binding by surface-tethered aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Jarczewska
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Center for DNA Nanotechnology (CDNA), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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309
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Elevated growth differentiation factor 15 expression predicts poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:9423-31. [PMID: 26781874 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4699-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and explore its clinical significance in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. The expression of GDF15 in EOC tissues and serum samples was evaluated using immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The association of GDF15 expression with clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. Survival time was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier technique and Cox regression model. Both in EOC tissues and serum, high GDF15 levels were obviously related with advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, lymph node metastasis, ascites, and chemoresistance. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that EOC patients with high GDF15 expression showed poorer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that GDF15 expression was an independent predictor of PFS in EOC patients. Our study shows that elevated GDF15 expression was associated with poor prognosis in EOC patients. We suggest that GDF15 is a novel biomarker for the early detection of EOC, prediction of the response to chemotherapy, and screening for recurrence in EOC patients.
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310
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Wurz GT, Kao CJ, DeGregorio MW. Novel cancer antigens for personalized immunotherapies: latest evidence and clinical potential. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2016; 8:4-31. [PMID: 26753003 DOI: 10.1177/1758834015615514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical success of monoclonal antibody immune checkpoint modulators such as ipilimumab, which targets cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), and the recently approved agents nivolumab and pembrolizumab, which target programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1), has stimulated renewed enthusiasm for anticancer immunotherapy, which was heralded by Science as 'Breakthrough of the Year' in 2013. As the potential of cancer immunotherapy has been recognized since the 1890s when William Coley showed that bacterial products could be beneficial in cancer patients, leveraging the immune system in the treatment of cancer is certainly not a new concept; however, earlier attempts to develop effective therapeutic vaccines and antibodies against solid tumors, for example, melanoma, frequently met with failure due in part to self-tolerance and the development of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Increased knowledge of the mechanisms through which cancer evades the immune system and the identification of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and negative immune checkpoint regulators have led to the development of vaccines and monoclonal antibodies targeting specific tumor antigens and immune checkpoints such as CTLA-4 and PD-1. This review first discusses the established targets of currently approved cancer immunotherapies and then focuses on investigational cancer antigens and their clinical potential. Because of the highly heterogeneous nature of tumors, effective anticancer immunotherapy-based treatment regimens will likely require a personalized combination of therapeutic vaccines, antibodies and chemotherapy that fit the specific biology of a patient's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory T Wurz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Chiao-Jung Kao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Davis Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Michael W DeGregorio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California, Davis, 4501 X Street Suite 3016, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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311
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Liu L, Xiang J, Chen R, Fu D, Hong D, Hao J, Li Y, Li J, Li S, Mou Y, Mai G, Ni Q, Peng L, Qin R, Qian H, Shao C, Sun B, Sun Y, Tao M, Tian B, Wang H, Wang J, Wang L, Wang W, Wang W, Zhang J, Zhao G, Zhou J, Yu X. The clinical utility of CA125/MUC16 in pancreatic cancer: A consensus of diagnostic, prognostic and predictive updates by the Chinese Study Group for Pancreatic Cancer (CSPAC). Int J Oncol 2015; 48:900-7. [PMID: 26718269 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for pancreatic cancer (PC) is poor; however, the timely and accurate treatment of this disease will significantly improve prognosis. Serum biomarkers involve non-invasive tests that facilitate the early detection of tumors, predict outcomes and assess responses to therapy, so that the patient can be continuously monitored and receive the most appropriate therapy. Studies have reported that cancer antigen (CA)125 [also known as mucin 16 (MUC16)] has functional significance in the tumorigenic, metastatic and drug resistant properties of PC. Our aim was to use this biomarker in the diagnosis, detection of metastasis, prognosis and in the monitoring of the treatment effects of PC. Members of the Chinese Study Group for Pancreatic Cancer (CSPAC) reviewed the literature on CA125/MUC16 and developed an objective consensus on the clinical utility of CA125/MUC16 for PC. They confirmed the role of CA125/MUC16 in tumorigenesis and the progression of PC, and recommended monitoring CA125/MUC16 levels in all aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of PC, particularly those that involve the monitoring of treatments. In addition, they suggested that the combination of other biomarkers and imaging techniques, together with CA125/MUC16, would improve the accuracy of the clinical decision-making process, thereby facilitating the optimization of treatment strategies. Periodic clinical updates of the use of CA125/MUC16 have been established, which are important for further analyses and comparisons of clinical results from affiliates and countries, particularly as regards the in-depth biological function and clinical translational research of this biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jinfeng Xiang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Rufu Chen
- Department of Pancreaticobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Deliang Fu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Defei Hong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jihui Hao
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yixiong Li
- Department of Pancreatic-Bililary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jiangtao Li
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shengping Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yiping Mou
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Gang Mai
- Department of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, The People's Hospital of Deyang, Deyang, P.R. China
| | - Quanxing Ni
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Li Peng
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Renyi Qin
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Honggang Qian
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chenghao Shao
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yongwei Sun
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bole Tian
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking University School of Oncolocy, Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P.R. China
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312
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Shirai K, Saika S. Ocular surface mucins and local inflammation--studies in genetically modified mouse lines. BMC Ophthalmol 2015; 15 Suppl 1:154. [PMID: 26818460 PMCID: PMC4895702 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-015-0137-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucins locate to the apical surfaces of all wet-surfaced epithelia including ocular surface. The functions of the mucins include anti-adhesive, lubrication, water retention, allergens and pathogen barrier function. Ocular surface pathologies, i.e. dry eye syndrome or allergic conjunctivitis, are reportedly associated with alteration of expression pattern of mucin components. Recent investigations indicated anti-bacterial adhesion or anti-inflammatory effects of members of mucins in non-ocular tissues, i.e., gastrointestinal tracts or airway tissues, by using genetically modified mouse lines that lacks an expression of a mucin member. However, examination of ocular phenotypes of each of mucin gene-ablated mouse lines has not yet fully performed. Muc16-dficient mouse is associated with spontaneous subclinical inflammation in conjunctiva. The article reviews the roles of mucin members in modulation of local inflammation in mucous membrane tissues and phenotype of mouse lines with the loss of a mucin gene. Analysis of ocular surface of mucin-gene related mutant mouse lines are to be further performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi Shirai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan.
| | - Shizuya Saika
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan.
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313
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Nagaraj AB, Joseph P, DiFeo A. miRNAs as prognostic and therapeutic tools in epithelial ovarian cancer. Biomark Med 2015; 9:241-57. [PMID: 25731210 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.14.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy and is the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Developing adjuvant therapy to circumvent drug resistance represents an important aspect of current initiatives to improve survival in women with advanced EOC. A regulatory molecule that can act on multiple genes associated with a chemoresistant phenotype will be the ideal target for the development of therapeutics to overcome resistance and miRNAs constitute promising tools in this regard. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of miRNAs in regulating EOC phenotype with a focus on prognostic and therapeutic importance of miRNAs and the possibility of miRNA modulation as a tool to improve efficacy of chemotherapy in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Belur Nagaraj
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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314
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Kaczkowski B, Tanaka Y, Kawaji H, Sandelin A, Andersson R, Itoh M, Lassmann T, Hayashizaki Y, Carninci P, Forrest AR. Transcriptome Analysis of Recurrently Deregulated Genes across Multiple Cancers Identifies New Pan-Cancer Biomarkers. Cancer Res 2015; 76:216-26. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-0484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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315
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CA125-related tumor cell kinetics variables after chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer: a systematic review. Clin Transl Oncol 2015; 18:813-24. [PMID: 26546024 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-015-1441-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Various kinetic parameters, based on a minimum of two time points, have been built with CA125 determinations. The aim of this study is to review studies about the clinical application of CA125-related tumor cell kinetics variables in patients with advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) receiving chemotherapy. A literature search for studies about CA125-related variables in patients with AOC was undertaken on three databases, by predefined search criteria, and a selection of studies was performed. Sixty-two studies were selected. CA125-related variables were summarized in three groups: response-related, time-to-event, and other CA125-related tumor cell kinetics variables. Even though CA125 changes and half-life after chemotherapy were the most studied, other variables and two models have been well defined, and often showed an interesting power to predict survival. These kinetics variables are related to the CA125 regression curve, pre- and post-chemotherapy kinetics, or are variables inferred from a population model of CA125 kinetics.
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316
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Lamberti I, Scarano S, Esposito CL, Antoccia A, Antonini G, Tanzarella C, De Franciscis V, Minunni M. In vitro selection of RNA aptamers against CA125 tumor marker in ovarian cancer and its study by optical biosensing. Methods 2015; 97:58-68. [PMID: 26542762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Early identification of neoplastic diseases is essential to achieve timely therapeutic interventions and significantly reduce the mortality of patients. A well-known biomarker is the Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) or 16 mucin (MUC 16), a glycoprotein of the human family of mucins, already used for the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of ovarian cancer. Therefore, the detection of CA125 to now remains a promising tool in the early diagnosis of this tumor. In this paper, we describe the development of RNA aptamers that bind with high affinity the tumor antigen CA125. We performed eight cycles of selection against CA125 purified protein. The selected aptamers were cloned and sequenced and the binding properties of the most promising sequences were studied by Real Time PCR and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) to evaluate their ability in targeting CA125 protein with perspective applications in aptamer-based bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Lamberti
- Università di Roma Tre, Dipartimento di Scienze, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Simona Scarano
- Università di Firenze, Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Via della Lastruccia, 3-13, 50019 Sesto F.no (FI), Italy
| | - Carla Lucia Esposito
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e Oncologia Molecolare "G. Salvatore", Via T. De Amicis 95, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Antoccia
- Università di Roma Tre, Dipartimento di Scienze, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Roma, Italy; INBB, Viale Medaglie d'oro 305, 00136 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Antonini
- Università di Roma Tre, Dipartimento di Scienze, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Roma, Italy; INBB, Viale Medaglie d'oro 305, 00136 Roma, Italy
| | - Caterina Tanzarella
- Università di Roma Tre, Dipartimento di Scienze, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Vittorio De Franciscis
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e Oncologia Molecolare "G. Salvatore", Via T. De Amicis 95, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Maria Minunni
- INBB, Viale Medaglie d'oro 305, 00136 Roma, Italy; Università di Firenze, Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Via della Lastruccia, 3-13, 50019 Sesto F.no (FI), Italy.
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317
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Das S, Batra SK. Understanding the Unique Attributes of MUC16 (CA125): Potential Implications in Targeted Therapy. Cancer Res 2015; 75:4669-74. [PMID: 26527287 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
CA125, the most widely used ovarian cancer biomarker, was first identified approximately 35 years ago in an antibody screen against ovarian cancer antigen. Two decades later, it was cloned and characterized to be a transmembrane mucin, MUC16. Since then, several studies have investigated its expression, functional, and mechanistic involvement in multiple cancer types. Antibody-based therapeutic approaches primarily using antibodies against the tandem repeat domains of MUC16 (e.g., oregovomab and abagovomab) have been the modus operandi for MUC16-targeted therapy, but have met with very limited success. In addition, efforts have been also made to disrupt the functional cooperation of MUC16 and its interacting partners; for example, use of a novel immunoadhesin HN125 to interfere MUC16 binding to mesothelin. Since the identification of CA125 to be MUC16, it is hypothesized to undergo proteolytic cleavage, a process that is considered to be critical in determining the kinetics of MUC16 shedding as well as generation of a cell-associated carboxyl-terminal fragment with potential oncogenic functions. In addition to our experimental demonstration of MUC16 cleavage, recent studies have demonstrated the functional importance of carboxyl terminal fragments of MUC16 in multiple tumor types. Here, we provide how our understanding of the basic biologic processes involving MUC16 influences our approach toward MUC16-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srustidhar Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska. Department of Pathology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska. Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
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318
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Chakraborty S, Banerjee N, Mallath MK. Elevated CA125 Levels in a 72-Year-Old Ethnic Indian Patient: A Diagnostic Pointer Toward Tuberculosis? Lab Med 2015; 46:316-9. [PMID: 26489676 DOI: 10.1309/lmo1dveyfac95vjf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum CA 125 is widely used as a tumor marker for epithelial ovarian cancer. Our laboratory receives few requests for evaluation of this marker in men. In males an elevation of this marker may occur due to malignant and benign lesions of organs derived from the coelomic epithelium. However, in the absence of evidence of a neoplasm (via clinical examination and other diagnostic modalities), it is useful to consider a diagnosis of tuberculosis, particularly in regions where the disease is endemic. Herein, we describe one such case that we investigated at our medical center in Kolkata, India.
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Chugh S, Gnanapragassam VS, Jain M, Rachagani S, Ponnusamy MP, Batra SK. Pathobiological implications of mucin glycans in cancer: Sweet poison and novel targets. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2015; 1856:211-25. [PMID: 26318196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mucins are large glycoproteins expressed on the epithelia that provide a protective barrier against harsh insults from toxins and pathogenic microbes. These glycoproteins are classified primarily as being secreted and membrane-bound; both forms are involved in pathophysiological functions including inflammation and cancer. The high molecular weight of mucins is attributed to their large polypeptide backbone that is extensively covered by glycan moieties that modulate the function of mucins and, hence, play an important role in physiological functions. Deregulation of glycosylation machinery during malignant transformation results in altered mucin glycosylation. This review describes the functional implications and pathobiological significance of altered mucin glycosylation in cancer. Further, this review delineates various factors such as glycosyltransferases and tumor microenvironment that contribute to dysregulation of mucin glycosylation during cancer. Finally, this review discusses the scope of mucin glycan epitopes as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Chugh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Vinayaga S Gnanapragassam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Moorthy P Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA.
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320
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Lane D, Matte I, Garde-Granger P, Laplante C, Carignan A, Rancourt C, Piché A. Inflammation-regulating factors in ascites as predictive biomarkers of drug resistance and progression-free survival in serous epithelial ovarian cancers. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:492. [PMID: 26122176 PMCID: PMC4486134 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Platinum-based combination therapy is the standard first-line treatment for women with advanced serous epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). However, about 20 % will not respond and are considered clinically resistant. The availability of biomarkers to predict responses to the initial therapy would provide a practical approach to identify women who would benefit from a more appropriate first-line treatment. Ascites is an attractive inflammatory fluid for biomarker discovery as it is easy and minimally invasive to obtain. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether six selected inflammation-regulating factors in ascites could serve as diagnostic or drug resistance biomarkers in patients with advanced serous EOC. Methods A total of 53 women with stage III/IV serous EOC and 10 women with benign conditions were enrolled in this study. Eleven of the 53 women with serous EOC were considered clinically resistant to treatment with progression-free survival < 6 months. Ascites were collected at the time of the debulking surgery and the levels of cytokines were measured by ELISA. The six selected cytokines were evaluated for their ability to discriminate serous EOC from benign controls, and to discriminate platinum resistant from platinum sensitive patients. Results Median ascites levels of IL-6, IL-10 and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were significantly higher in women with advanced serous EOC than in controls (P ≤ 0.012). There were no significant difference in the median ascites levels of leptin, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) and CCL18 among serous EOC women and controls. In Receiver Operator curve (ROC) analysis, IL-6, IL-10 and OPG had a high area under the curve value of 0.905, 0.832 and 0.825 respectively for distinguishing EOC from benign controls. ROC analysis of individual cytokines revealed low discriminating potential to stratify patients according to their sensitivity to first-line treatment. The combination of biomarkers with the highest discriminating potential was with CA125 and leptin (AUC = 0.936, 95 % CI: 0.894–0.978). Conclusion IL-6 was found to be strongly associated with advanced serous EOC and could be used in combination with serum CA125 to discriminate benign and EOC. Furthermore, the combination of serum CA125 and ascites leptin was a strong predictor of clinical resistance to first-line therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1511-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Lane
- Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, J1H 5 N4, Sherbrooke, Canada.
| | - Isabelle Matte
- Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, J1H 5 N4, Sherbrooke, Canada.
| | - Perrine Garde-Granger
- Département de Pathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, J1H 5 N4, Sherbrooke, Canada.
| | - Claude Laplante
- Département de Pathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, J1H 5 N4, Sherbrooke, Canada.
| | - Alex Carignan
- Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, J1H 5 N4, Sherbrooke, Canada.
| | - Claudine Rancourt
- Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, J1H 5 N4, Sherbrooke, Canada.
| | - Alain Piché
- Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, J1H 5 N4, Sherbrooke, Canada.
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321
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Fernández-Tejada A, Cañada FJ, Jiménez-Barbero J. Recent Developments in Synthetic Carbohydrate-Based Diagnostics, Vaccines, and Therapeutics. Chemistry 2015; 21:10616-28. [PMID: 26095198 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glycans are everywhere in biological systems, being involved in many cellular events with important implications for medical purposes. Building upon a detailed understanding of the functional roles of carbohydrates in molecular recognition processes and disease states, glycans are increasingly being considered as key players in pharmacological research. On the basis of the important progress recently made in glycochemistry, glycobiology, and glycomedicine, we provide a complete overview of successful applications and future perspectives of carbohydrates in the biopharmaceutical and medical fields. This review highlights the development of carbohydrate-based diagnostics, exemplified by glycan imaging techniques and microarray platforms, synthetic oligosaccharide vaccines against infectious diseases (e.g., HIV) and cancer, and finally carbohydrate-derived therapeutics, including glycomimetic drugs and glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Javier Cañada
- Chemical and Physical Biology, CIB-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid (Spain)
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- Infectious Disease Programme, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC-bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio (Spain). .,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, María López de Haro 13, 48009 Bilbao (Spain).
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322
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Das S, Majhi PD, Al-Mugotir MH, Rachagani S, Sorgen P, Batra SK. Membrane proximal ectodomain cleavage of MUC16 occurs in the acidifying Golgi/post-Golgi compartments. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9759. [PMID: 26044153 PMCID: PMC4456727 DOI: 10.1038/srep09759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MUC16, precursor of the most widely used ovarian cancer biomarker CA125, is up
regulated in multiple malignancies and is associated with poor prognosis. While the
pro-tumorigenic and metastatic roles of MUC16 are ascribed to the cell-associated
carboxyl-terminal MUC16 (MUC16-Cter), the exact biochemical nature of MUC16 cleavage
generating MUC16-Cter has remained unknown. Using different lengths of dual-epitope
(N-terminal FLAG- and C-terminal HA-Tag) tagged C-terminal MUC16 fragments, we
demonstrate that MUC16 cleavage takes place in the juxta-membrane ectodomain stretch
of twelve amino acids that generates a ~17 kDa cleaved product and is
distinct from the predicted sites. This was further corroborated by domain swapping
experiment. Further, the cleavage of MUC16 was found to take place in the
Golgi/post-Golgi compartments and is dependent on the acidic pH in the secretory
pathway. A similar pattern of ~17 kDa cleaved MUC16 was observed in
multiple cell types eliminating the possibility of cell type specific phenomenon.
MUC16-Cter translocates to the nucleus in a cleavage dependent manner and binds to
the chromatin suggesting its involvement in regulation of gene expression. Taken
together, we demonstrate for the first time the oft-predicted cleavage of MUC16 that
is critical in designing successful therapeutic interventions based on MUC16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srustidhar Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Prabin D Majhi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Mona H Al-Mugotir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Paul Sorgen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- 1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA [2] Department of Pathology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA [3] Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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323
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Núñez J, Rabinovich GA, Sandino J, Mainar L, Palau P, Santas E, Villanueva MP, Núñez E, Bodí V, Chorro FJ, Miñana G, Sanchis J. Prognostic value of the interaction between galectin-3 and antigen carbohydrate 125 in acute heart failure. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122360. [PMID: 25875367 PMCID: PMC4395409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) have emerged as robust prognostic biomarkers in heart failure. Experimental data have also suggested a potential molecular interaction between CA125 and Gal-3; however, the biological and clinical relevance of this interaction is still uncertain. We sought to evaluate, in patients admitted for acute heart failure, the association between plasma Gal-3 with all-cause mortality and the risk for rehospitalizations among high and low levels of CA125. Methods and Results We included 264 consecutive patients admitted for acute heart failure to the Cardiology Department in a third-level center. Both biomarkers were measured on admission. Negative binomial and Cox regression models were used to evaluate the prognostic effect of the interaction between Gal-3 and CA125 (dichotomized by its median) with hospital readmission and all-cause mortality, respectively. During a median follow-up of 2 years (IQR = 1-2.8), 108 (40.9%) patients deaths and 365 rehospitalizations in 171 (69.5%) patients were registered. In a multivariable setting, the effect of Gal-3 on mortality and rehospitalization was differentially mediated by CA125 (p = 0.007 and p<0.001, respectively). Indeed, in patients with CA125 above median (>67 U/ml), values across the continuum of Gal-3 showed a positive and almost linear relationship with either the risk of death or rehospitalization. Conversely, when CA125 was below median (≤67 U/ml), Gal-3 lacked any prognostic effect on both endpoints. Conclusion In patients with acute heart failure, Gal-3 was strongly associated with higher risk of long-term mortality and repeated rehospitalizations, but only in those patients exhibiting higher values of CA125 (above 67 U/ml).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Núñez
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Justo Sandino
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Mainar
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Patricia Palau
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital de la Plana, Villa-real, Spain
| | - Enrique Santas
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Pilar Villanueva
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Núñez
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicent Bodí
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Chorro
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gema Miñana
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital de Manises, Manises, Spain
| | - Juan Sanchis
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Moh ES, Thaysen-Andersen M, Packer NH. Relative versus absolute quantitation in disease glycomics. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 9:368-82. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward S.X. Moh
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
| | | | - Nicolle H. Packer
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
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Transmembrane Mucin Expression and Function in Embryo Implantation and Placentation. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY, EMBRYOLOGY, AND CELL BIOLOGY 2015; 216:51-68. [PMID: 26450494 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15856-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Transmembrane mucins (TMs) are extremely large, complex glycoproteins that line the apical surfaces of simple epithelia including those of the female reproductive tract. TMs provide a physical barrier consistent with their role as part of the innate immune system. This barrier function must be overcome in the context of embryo implantation to permit blastocyst attachment. Three major TMs have been identified in uterine epithelia of multiple species: MUC1, MUC4, and MUC16. MUC1 has been found in all species studied to date, whereas expression of MUC4 and MUC16 have been less well studied and may be species specific. The strategies for removing mucins to permit embryo attachment also vary in a species-specific way and include both hormonal suppression of TM gene expression and membrane clearance via cell surface proteases. Studies emerging from the cancer literature indicate that TMs can modulate a surprisingly wide variety of signal transduction processes. Furthermore, various cell surface proteins have been identified that bind either the oligosaccharide or protein motifs of TMs suggesting that these molecules may support cell attachment in some contexts, including trophoblast interactions with cells of the immune system. The intimate association of TMs at sites of embryo-maternal interaction and the varied functions these complex molecules can play make them key players in embryo implantation and placentation processes.
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