351
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Ångerud K, Annerbäck EM, Tydén T, Boddeti S, Kristiansson P. Adverse childhood experiences and depressive symptomatology among pregnant women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2018; 97:701-708. [PMID: 29431859 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) result in somatic and mental health disturbances. Their influence on antenatal depression is scarcely studied. This study examined the association between experience of ACE and antenatal depressive symptomatology. MATERIAL AND METHODS 1257 women from 172 antenatal clinics in Sweden were surveyed during pregnancy and 1 year after delivery. Demographics, previous medical history and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) were collected in pregnancy and postpartum and ACE 1 year postpartum. ACEs were partitioned into 10 categories. Statistical analyses used linear and logistic regression with EPDS score as main outcome measure. RESULTS 736 (58.6%) women reported at least one ACE category and 88 women (7%) reported five or more ACE categories. An EPDS score of ≥13, which qualifies for a probable depression diagnosis, was reported by 277 (23%) women. In simple regression analyses the EPDS score was positively associated with the number of ACEs, cigarette smoking before pregnancy, body mass index and psychiatric disorders, whereas education level was inversely associated. In a multiple regression analysis, ACEs, education level and psychiatric disorder remained associated to the EPDS score. Among women with an ACE score ≥5, the odds ratio of having an EPDS score indicating probable depression was 4.2 (CI 2.5-7.0). CONCLUSIONS ACE was commonly reported. ACE and depressive symptomatology in late pregnancy were strongly associated in a dose-response manner. Women with several ACEs had high odds of depressive symptomatology in late pregnancy and were more likely to report depressive symptoms both in late pregnancy and postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Ångerud
- General Practice unit, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva-Maria Annerbäck
- General Practice unit, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Center for Clinical Research in Sörmland, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | | | - Santosh Boddeti
- General Practice unit, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Kristiansson
- General Practice unit, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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352
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Haynes E. Reaching women with perinatal mental illness at the booking-in appointment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH GOVERNANCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1108/ijhg-08-2017-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to look at the positive future gains of reaching women with perinatal mental illness at the first midwifery booking-in appointment, a unique opportunity that could be more widely used as a point of detection, awareness and prevention of illness in the perinatal period.
Design/methodology/approach
A more robust section of this appointment that includes focussed detection and awareness of prior and current mental health concerns as well as the stigma attached to these conditions will allow midwives to signpost women to get much needed treatment prior to delivery. Suitable treatment options also need to be available and in place at this point.
Findings
The existing booking-in process, for highlighting and diagnosing mental health conditions, has limited suitability. Detection in the postnatal period has inherent difficulties due to time pressures on women, the costs to the mother, baby, family and the economic costs to society, which are considerable. The postnatal period may be too late for treatment, with the harm already done to the woman, their baby and their family.
Research limitations/implications
Research is needed to assess the efficacy of such a strategy, including the costs to train the midwives to deliver this additional service, and the consideration of suitable treatment options at the antenatal stage. This may help to reduce the high levels of attrition within treatment programmes currently running.
Originality/value
This paper fulfils a need to diagnose and prevent perinatal mental illness at an earlier point in pregnancy.
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353
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Rotheram-Fuller EJ, Tomlinson M, Scheffler A, Weichle TW, Rezvan PH, Comulada WS, Rotheram-Borus MJ. Maternal patterns of antenatal and postnatal depressed mood and the impact on child health at 3-years postpartum. J Consult Clin Psychol 2018; 86:218-230. [PMID: 29504791 PMCID: PMC5842813 DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The consequences of maternal depressed mood on children's growth, health, and cognitive and language development are examined over the first 3 years of life. METHOD Pregnant women in 24 periurban township neighborhoods in Cape Town, South Africa (N = 1,238 mothers) were randomized by neighborhood to a home visiting intervention or a standard care condition. Reassessments were conducted for 93%-85% of mothers at 2-weeks, 6-, 18-, and 36-months postbirth. Regressions were conducted on measures of children's growth, behavior, language, and cognition to examine the impact of four patterns of depressed mood: antenatal only (n = 154, 13.8%), postnatal only (n = 272, 24.3%), antenatal and postnatal (n = 220, 19.7%), and no depressed mood on any assessment (n = 473, 42.3%). RESULTS Patterns of depressed mood were similar across intervention conditions. Depressed mothers were significantly less educated, had lower incomes, were less likely to be employed or to have electricity; were more likely to report problematic drinking of alcohol, experience food insecurity, interpersonal partner violence, and to be HIV seropositive. At 36 months, the pattern of maternal depressed mood over time was significantly associated with children's compromised physical growth, both in weight and height, and more internalizing and externalizing symptoms of behavior problems. Measures of language and cognition were similar across maternal patterns of depressed mood. CONCLUSIONS Mothers who report depressed mood face significantly more life challenges, both environmental stressors related to poverty and other problematic behaviors. More proximal, postnatal depressed mood appears to have a larger influence on their children, compared with antenatal depressed mood. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin J. Rotheram-Fuller
- Division of Education Leadership and Innovation, Mary Lou Fulton Teacher’s College, Arizona State University
| | - Mark Tomlinson
- Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1 Matieland, 7602 South Africa
| | - Aaron Scheffler
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024
| | - Thomas W. Weichle
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024
| | - Panteha Hayati Rezvan
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024
| | - Warren Scott Comulada
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024
| | - Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024
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354
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Myors KA, Cleary M, Johnson M, Schmied V. 'Modelling a Secure-Base' for Women with Complex Needs: Attachment-Based Interventions Used by Perinatal and Infant Mental Health Clinicians. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2018; 39:226-232. [PMID: 29172815 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2017.1378784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Infant well-being is intrinsically linked to maternal physical and emotional well-being. Internationally health services have implemented policies to identify women at risk of mental health problems and developed effective care pathways. The aim of this paper is to describe how perinatal and infant mental health clinicians perceive their role and the attachment-based interventions they use in their work. The study comes from a larger mixed methods study, which examined two specialist perinatal and infant mental health services in New South Wales (Australia). Two hundred and forty-four medical records were reviewed, and six perinatal and infant mental health clinicians participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed by content and thematic analysis. One overarching theme, modelling a secure base and three supporting themes, enhancing reflective capacity, enhancing emotional regulation and enhancing empathy emerged from the analysis. These findings demonstrate how perinatal and infant mental health clinicians use attachment theory to inform practice by modelling "holding" and being a secure-base for women. They also provide a clearer understanding of perinatal mental health practice and can be used to inform educational programs for multidisciplinary mental health professionals particularly those working with women and infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Myors
- a School of Nursing and Midwifery , Western Sydney University , Sydney , NSW , Australia
| | - Michelle Cleary
- b School of Health Sciences , University of Tasmania , Sydney , NSW , Australia
| | - Maree Johnson
- c Faculty of Health Sciences , Australian Catholic University , Sydney , NSW , Australia
| | - Virginia Schmied
- a School of Nursing and Midwifery , Western Sydney University , Sydney , NSW , Australia
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355
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Narita Y, Shinohara H, Kodama H. Resting Heart Rate Variability and the Effects of Biofeedback Intervention in Women with Low-Risk Pregnancy and Prenatal Childbirth Fear. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2018; 43:113-121. [DOI: 10.1007/s10484-018-9389-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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356
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Redinger S, Norris SA, Pearson RM, Richter L, Rochat T. First trimester antenatal depression and anxiety: prevalence and associated factors in an urban population in Soweto, South Africa. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2018; 9:30-40. [PMID: 28877770 DOI: 10.1017/s204017441700071x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety in the antenatal period are of public health concern given potential adverse effects for both mother and infant. Both are under-researched in the first trimester of pregnancy, especially in Africa. We examine the prevalence of first trimester antenatal depression and anxiety in a cohort of South African women and investigate associated risk factors. Data were collected from 946 women (2014-2016) in the Soweto First 1000 Days Cohort, a prospective pregnancy cohort in Soweto, South Africa. Antenatal depression was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale with a score of ⩾13 indicating probable depression. Anxiety was assessed using the short form of the State-Trait Anxiety Index with a score ⩾12 indicating probable anxiety. Prevalence of antenatal depression was 27% [95% confidence interval (CI) 24.2-29.8] and anxiety 15.2% (95% CI 12.9-17.5). Factors associated with antenatal depression and anxiety were predominantly relationship- and family-centred. Women who perceived that their partner made life harder for them had three-fold increased odds for depression [(odds ratio (OR) 3.33 [2.28-4.85] P<0.001], whereas those with family stressors had almost double the odds for depression (OR 1.78 [1.22-2.59] P=0.003) and anxiety (OR 1.75 [1.44-2.69] P=0.0011). Antenatal depression and anxiety are common in the first trimester of pregnancy, and partner and family relationship stressors are central. Longitudinal analysis is needed to determine if this is a phase of adjustment to pregnancy or onset of persistent symptomology. Early intervention may have secondary preventative effects and should involve the partner and family.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Redinger
- 1MRC/Developmental Pathways to Health Research Unit,School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences,University of the Witwatersrand,Johannesburg,South Africa
| | - S A Norris
- 1MRC/Developmental Pathways to Health Research Unit,School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences,University of the Witwatersrand,Johannesburg,South Africa
| | - R M Pearson
- 5School of Social and Community Medicine,Centre for Academic Mental Health,Bristol University,Bristol,UK
| | - L Richter
- 2DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development,University of Witwatersrand,Johannesburg,South Africa
| | - T Rochat
- 1MRC/Developmental Pathways to Health Research Unit,School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences,University of the Witwatersrand,Johannesburg,South Africa
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357
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MacKinnon N, Kingsbury M, Mahedy L, Evans J, Colman I. The Association Between Prenatal Stress and Externalizing Symptoms in Childhood: Evidence From the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:100-108. [PMID: 28893381 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that prenatal maternal stress may increase the risk of childhood externalizing disorders, yet no large cohort study has investigated this association across a large range of acute stressors. Our objective was to estimate the association between prenatal stressful events and risk of offspring conduct disorder and hyperactivity. METHODS We used data from 10,184 mother-offspring pairs from the United Kingdom-based Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Mothers self-reported 42 prenatal stressful life events at 18 weeks' gestation. Symptoms of conduct disorder and hyperactivity in their offspring were measured at 6, 9, 11, 13, and 16 years of age using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The primary outcome was membership in high-symptom trajectories of 1) conduct disorder and 2) hyperactivity throughout childhood, identified using latent class growth modeling. Multinomial logistic regression models estimated the association between prenatal stress and both conduct disorder and hyperactivity, after adjusting for sex, parental education, low birth weight, preterm birth, parental social class, maternal smoking and drinking, maternal mental health, offspring stressful life events, and offspring depressive and anxious symptoms. RESULTS Those exposed to the highest quartile of prenatal stress were more likely to belong to the high symptom trajectory for hyperactivity (B = 0.46, p < .05) and conduct disorder (B = 0.88, p < .01), respectively. Prenatal stress further demonstrated a positive, dose-response relationship with symptoms of externalizing disorders at independent time points. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that prenatal stressful events may be an independent risk factor for offspring externalizing symptoms, regardless of maternal mental health and offspring internalizing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie MacKinnon
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health, and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mila Kingsbury
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health, and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liam Mahedy
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Evans
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health, and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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358
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Morphometry and Development: Changes in Brain Structure from Birth to Adult Age. NEUROMETHODS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7647-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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359
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Wolf IAC, Gilles M, Peus V, Scharnholz B, Seibert J, Jennen-Steinmetz C, Krumm B, Rietschel M, Deuschle M, Laucht M. Impact of prenatal stress on mother-infant dyadic behavior during the still-face paradigm. Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul 2018; 5:2. [PMID: 29403645 PMCID: PMC5778796 DOI: 10.1186/s40479-018-0078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mother-infant interaction provides important training for the infant's ability to cope with stress and the development of resilience. Prenatal stress (PS) and its impact on the offspring's development have long been a focus of stress research, with studies highlighting both harmful and beneficial effects. The aim of the current study was to examine the possible influence of both psychological stress and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity during pregnancy with mother-child dyadic behavior following stress exposure. METHODS The behavior of 164 mother-infant dyads during the still-face situation was filmed at six months postpartum and coded into three dyadic patterns: 1) both positive, 2) infant protesting-mother positive, and 3) infant protesting-mother negative. PS exposure was assessed prenatally according to psychological measures (i.e., psychopathological, perceived and psychosocial PS; n = 164) and HPA axis activity measures (maternal salivary cortisol, i.e., cortisol decline and area under the curve with respect to ground (AUCg); n = 134). RESULTS Mother-infant dyads in both the high- and low-stress groups showed decreasing positive and increasing negative dyadic behavior in the reunion episode, which is associated with the well-known "still-face" and "carry-over" effect. Furthermore, mother-infant dyads with higher psychosocial PS exhibited significantly more positive dyadic behavior than the low psychosocial PS group in the first play episode, but not in the reunion episode. Similarly, mother-infant dyads with high HPA axis activity (i.e. high AUCg) but steeper diurnal cortisol decline (i.e. cortisol decline) displayed significantly less negative behavior in the reunion episode than dyads with low HPA axis activity. No significant results were found for psychopathological stress and perceived stress. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest a beneficial effect of higher psychosocial PS and higher prenatal maternal HPA axis activity in late gestation, which is in line with "stress inoculation" theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Ann-Cathrin Wolf
- 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim / Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maria Gilles
- 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim / Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Verena Peus
- 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim / Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Barbara Scharnholz
- 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim / Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Seibert
- Clinic for General Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christine Jennen-Steinmetz
- 3Department of Biostatistics, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bertram Krumm
- 3Department of Biostatistics, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- 4Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Deuschle
- 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim / Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Manfred Laucht
- 5Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,6Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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360
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Muñoz-Rocha TV, Tamayo Y Ortiz M, Romero M, Pantic I, Schnaas L, Bellinger D, Claus-Henn B, Wright R, Wright RO, Téllez-Rojo MM. Prenatal co-exposure to manganese and depression and 24-months neurodevelopment. Neurotoxicology 2018; 64:134-141. [PMID: 28728787 PMCID: PMC5771973 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Normal prenatal neurodevelopment follows stages that are potentially influenced by both chemical and psychosocial environments. Exposure to elevated manganese during this critically vulnerable period has been found to be neurotoxic. Independently, maternal prenatal depression has been associated with subsequent neurodevelopmental decrements in children. The association between child neurodevelopment and prenatal co-exposure to manganese and maternal depression has not been sufficiently studied. METHODS During pregnancy and at birth, we measured maternal blood and cord blood manganese levels respectively. Maternal depression was assessed in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy using the Edinburgh Depression Scale. Neurodevelopment was evaluated at 24 months of age with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. A multivariate multiple regression model was used to analyze cognitive, language and motor scores simultaneously for 473 children from the PROGRESS birth cohort in Mexico City. RESULTS Over 25% of our study participants reported having depressive symptoms. 3rd trimester blood manganese as well as depressive symptoms were independently negatively associated with all neurodevelopment scores in adjusted models. In stratified analyses, the negative association between manganese (maternal as well as cord blood) and 24-month language scores was stronger among women with depressive symptoms. Receptive language was mostly affected. Inverted U-shaped curves were seen for the association between with cord blood manganese and neurodevelopment scores. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are in line with previous studies of manganese and depression neurotoxicity. The prenatal period may be particularly sensitive to manganese and depression co-exposures and should be of interest for public health interventions to promote healthy emotional and nutritional pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Verenice Muñoz-Rocha
- National Institute of Public Health, Universidad No. 655 Colonia Santa María, Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Marcela Tamayo Y Ortiz
- National Institute of Public Health, Universidad No. 655 Colonia Santa María, Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico; CONACYT- National Council of Science and Technology, Avenida Insurgentes Sur 1582, D.F., Benito Juárez, Crédito Constructor, 03940, Ciudad de, Mexico.
| | - Martín Romero
- National Institute of Public Health, Universidad No. 655 Colonia Santa María, Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Ivan Pantic
- National Institute of Perinatology, Calle Montes Urales #800, D.F., Miguel Hidalgo, Lomas Virreyes, 11000 Ciudad de, Mexico.
| | - Lourdes Schnaas
- National Institute of Perinatology, Calle Montes Urales #800, D.F., Miguel Hidalgo, Lomas Virreyes, 11000 Ciudad de, Mexico.
| | - David Bellinger
- Department Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States,.
| | - Birgit Claus-Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, United States,.
| | - Rosalind Wright
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1428 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10029, United States.
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1428 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10029, United States.
| | - Martha María Téllez-Rojo
- National Institute of Public Health, Universidad No. 655 Colonia Santa María, Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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361
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Wolford E, Lahti M, Tuovinen S, Lahti J, Lipsanen J, Savolainen K, Heinonen K, Hämäläinen E, Kajantie E, Pesonen AK, Villa PM, Laivuori H, Reynolds RM, Räikkönen K. Maternal depressive symptoms during and after pregnancy are associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in their 3- to 6-year-old children. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0190248. [PMID: 29267405 PMCID: PMC5739495 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy have been associated with child behavioural symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in early childhood. However, it remains unclear if depressive symptoms throughout pregnancy are more harmful to the child than depressive symptoms only during certain times, and if maternal depressive symptoms after pregnancy add to or mediate any prenatal effects. 1,779 mother-child dyads participated in the Prediction and Prevention of Pre-eclampsia and Intrauterine Growth Restriction (PREDO) study. Mothers filled in the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale biweekly from 12+0-13+6 to 38+0-39+6 weeks+days of gestation or delivery, and the Beck Depression Inventory-II and the Conners' Hyperactivity Index at the child's age of 3 to 6 years (mean 3.8 years, standard deviation [SD] 0.5). Maternal depressive symptoms were highly stable throughout pregnancy, and children of mothers with consistently high depressive symptoms showed higher average levels (mean difference = 0.46 SD units, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.36, 0.56, p < 0.001 compared to the low group), and proportion (32.1% vs. 14.7%) and odds (odds ratio = 2.80, 95% CI 2.20, 3.57, p < 0.001) of clinically significant ADHD symptoms. These associations were not explained by the effects of maternal depressive symptoms after pregnancy, which both added to and partially mediated the prenatal effects. Maternal depressive symptoms throughout pregnancy are associated with increased ADHD symptomatology in young children. Maternal depressive symptoms after pregnancy add to, but only partially mediate, the prenatal effects. Preventive interventions suited for the pregnancy period may benefit both maternal and offspring mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Wolford
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marius Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Soile Tuovinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lipsanen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Savolainen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kati Heinonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esa Hämäläinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anu-Katriina Pesonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pia M. Villa
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannele Laivuori
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rebecca M. Reynolds
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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362
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Nkansah-Amankra S. Pre-pregnancy maternal depressive symptoms and low birth weight and preterm birth outcomes: Assessment of adolescent background characteristics and birth outcomes in adulthood. Midwifery 2017; 58:120-129. [PMID: 29331823 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the United States and other countries of the world , high prevalence of pre-pregnancy depressive symptoms and depression during pregnancy is an important public health concern, as they are associated with low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB) outcomes in adulthood. However, the relationships among pre-pregnancy depressive symptoms, low birth weight, preterm birth outcomes and household characteristics have not been well established. METHODS The study used data from 7120 adolescent female participants in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health data from Waves I (1994-1995 in-school interview), II (1996 as in-home), III (2001-2002 as in-home interview), IV (2008 as in-home interview) and Wave V is currently underway. The main outcomes were LBW and PTB. Maternal depressive symptoms were assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D) using a cut-off point of 24 to indicate higher depressive symptoms . Odds ratios were used as an estimate of the relative risk using generalized estimating equations (GEE). RESULTS In Wave I, prevalence of depressive symptoms among age groups 11-15 (54.1%) was higher than older adolescents (45.9%) were. With the exception of depressive symptoms reported in Wave II, respondents reporting depressive symptoms in Waves I and III had similar unadjusted rates of LBW or PTB infants in adulthood. Mothers reporting higher depressive symptoms in older adolescence (15-19 years) had elevated odds of LBW infants (3.58 [95% CI=1.81, 7.09]) in Wave III compared with others reporting low depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Undeniably, childhood socioeconomic circumstances are important determinants of disease risks and improved health functioning and in particular birth outcomes in adulthood. Since poorer households have fewer resources to cope with stressful events that generate mood and other depressive symptoms over the life course, findings of research suggest treating depressive symptoms prior to pregnancy will yield significant dividends for mothers and society. Furthermore, without careful control of household contexts, the association between depressive symptoms and birth outcomes is likely to be confounded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Nkansah-Amankra
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Population Health, Sam Houston State University, 432I CHSS Building, Huntsville, TX 77340, United States.
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363
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Green A, Esser MJ, Perrot TS. Developmental expression of anxiety and depressive behaviours after prenatal predator exposure and early life homecage enhancement. Behav Brain Res 2017; 346:122-136. [PMID: 29183765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Stressful events during gestation can have sex-specific effects on brain and behaviour, and may contribute to some of the differences observed in adult stress responding and psychopathology. We investigated the impact of a novel repeated prenatal psychological stress (prenatal predator exposure - PPS) during the last week of gestation in rats on offspring behaviours related to social interaction (play behaviour), open field test (OFT), forced swim test (FST) and sucrose preference test (SP) during the juvenile period and in adulthood. We further examined the role of postnatal environmental, using an enhanced housing condition (EHC), to prevent/rescue any changes. Some effects on anxiety, anhedonia, and stress-related coping behaviours (e.g., OFT, SP and OFT) did not emerge until adulthood. PPS increased OFT anxiety behaviours in adult males, and some OFT and SP behaviours in adult females. Contrary to this, EHC had few independent effects; most were apparent only when combined with PPS. In keeping with age-group differences, juvenile behaviours did not necessarily predict the same adult behaviours although juvenile OFT rearing and freezing, and juvenile FST immobility did predict adult FST immobility and sucrose preference, suggesting that some aspects of depressive behaviours may emerge early and predict adult vulnerability or coping behaviours. Together, these results suggest an important, though complex, role for early life psychological stressors and early life behaviours in creating an adult vulnerability to anxiety or depressive disorders and that environmental factors further modulate the effects of the prenatal stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Green
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | - Michael J Esser
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tara S Perrot
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Brain Repair Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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364
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Kamali S, Ahmadian L, Khajouei R, Bahaadinbeigy K. Health information needs of pregnant women: information sources, motives and barriers. Health Info Libr J 2017; 35:24-37. [PMID: 29131537 DOI: 10.1111/hir.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women should be provided with relevant and useful information to manage this specific period of their lives. Assessing information needs of this group is a prerequisite for providing this information. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the information needs of pregnant women during their pregnancy and childbirth. METHODS This descriptive study was conducted on the pregnant women who attended antenatal clinics and obstetricians/gynaecologists' offices in Kerman, Iran, in 2015. Data were collected using a self-administered, valid and reliable questionnaire. A total of 400 women participated in the study. FINDINGS Most pregnant women needed information about care of the foetus (n = 344, 86%), physical and psychological complications after delivery (n = 333, 83%), development and growth of the foetus (n = 330, 82.5%), pregnancy nutrition (n = 327, 82%) and special tests during pregnancy (n = 326, 81.5%). They mostly (n = 195, 49%) looked for information when they were suffering from a disease or pregnancy complications. CONCLUSIONS As pregnant women need extensive information to be able to take care of themselves and their babies, their information needs should be identified and taken into consideration when planning educational programmes for this group of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudabeh Kamali
- Health Information Sciences Department, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Leila Ahmadian
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Reza Khajouei
- Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Kambiz Bahaadinbeigy
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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365
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review evaluates the state of the research regarding the effects of postpartum mental illness on the developing infant. It defines the scope of these disorders in the literature, and includes the impact of disorders referred to as perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) on infants. RECENT FINDINGS New research reveals that PMADs apply to not only mothers, but that fathers can also experience perinatal depression and anxiety. When untreated in a primary caregiver, PMADs adversely affect parental cognitions and beliefs, attachment to the infant, and the growing caregiver-infant relationship. PMADs affect early developmental outcomes of infants including neurosynaptic development, regulatory development, and developmental milestones. Early identification and treatment for PMADs are critical to ensure optimal infant development. Standardized and routine screening for PMADs, especially in the first 6 months postpartum, and cross-disciplinary communication among medical providers afford the best opportunity for early identification and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Hoffman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neonatal Follow-up Program, Newborn/Infant Intensive Care Unit, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Dena M Dunn
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neonatal Follow-up Program & Pediatric Feeding and Swallowing Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wanjiku F M Njoroge
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Young Child Clinic, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3440 Market Street, Suite 410, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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366
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Goletzke J, Kocalevent RD, Hansen G, Rose M, Becher H, Hecher K, Arck PC, Diemert A. Prenatal stress perception and coping strategies: Insights from a longitudinal prospective pregnancy cohort. J Psychosom Res 2017; 102:8-14. [PMID: 28992901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prenatal distress has been linked to pregnancy complications and poor offspring's health, despite the fact that longitudinal assessments of various stress dimensions are still lacking. Hence, we aimed to assess perceived stress over the course of pregnancy. Moreover, we examined whether social support and coping styles are linked to prenatal stress trajectories. METHODS Data from 543 women participating in the PRINCE (Prenatal Identification of Children Health) study, a prospective population-based cohort study, was used for the present analyses. Once per trimester the women completed questionnaires regarding different psychometric measures, including the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Linear mixed regression models were used to examine perceived stress development longitudinally and to relate social support and coping styles to stress trajectories during pregnancy. RESULTS A significant decrease of perceived stress was observed over the course of pregnancy. Stratifying the study sample according to parity, women delivering their first child had continuously lower perceived stress scores compared to women having already one or more children, and a significant decrease during pregnancy was exclusively observed in primiparous women. Both, positive coping strategies and higher perceived and received social support were independently associated with lower perceived stress, while evasive coping strategies were associated with higher levels of perceived stress. CONCLUSION Our study reveals stress perception trajectories during pregnancies in primi- and multiparous women. Our findings underscore the need for intervention strategies aiming to improve social support and positive coping strategies especially in multiparous women in order to reduce the risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Goletzke
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - R-D Kocalevent
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Department of Primary Care, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - G Hansen
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Rose
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charite-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Becher
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Hecher
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - P C Arck
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Diemert
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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367
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Evans K, Morrell CJ, Spiby H. Systematic review and meta-analysis of non-pharmacological interventions to reduce the symptoms of mild to moderate anxiety in pregnant women. J Adv Nurs 2017; 74:289-309. [PMID: 28921612 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for pregnant women with symptoms of mild to moderate anxiety. BACKGROUND Many pregnant women experience mild to moderate symptoms of anxiety and could benefit from additional support. Non-pharmacological interventions have been suggested for use during pregnancy. DESIGN A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. DATA SOURCES Randomized controlled trials published since 1990, identified from electronic databases: Medline; CINAHL; Maternity and Infant Care; PsycINFO; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; CENTRAL; EMBASE; Centre for Reviews and Dissemination; Social Sciences Citation Index; ASSIA; HTA Library; Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Practice database; Allied and Complementary Medicine. REVIEW METHODS Conducted according to the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination procedure. Papers were screened (N = 5,222), assessed for eligibility (N = 57) and selected for inclusion (N = 25). The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias was used. Papers were assessed for clinical and statistical heterogeneity and considered for meta-analysis. Descriptive analysis of the data was conducted. RESULTS Psychological, mind-body, educational and supportive interventions were delivered individually and to groups of pregnant women over single or multiple sessions. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was the most commonly used anxiety measure. In 60% of studies there were fewer than 40 participants. Meta-analysis of three studies indicated no observed beneficial effect in the reduction of anxiety. CONCLUSION There was insufficient evidence from which to draw overall conclusions regarding the benefit of interventions. Results were predominantly based on small samples. Many papers provided an inadequate description of methods which prevented a full assessment of methodological quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Evans
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - C Jane Morrell
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Helen Spiby
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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368
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Madden D, Sliney A, O'Friel A, McMackin B, O'Callaghan B, Casey K, Courtney L, Fleming V, Brady V. Using action research to develop midwives' skills to support women with perinatal mental health needs. J Clin Nurs 2017; 27:561-571. [PMID: 28557236 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of the research was to identify and develop midwives' skills to support women with mental health needs during pregnancy, using an action research approach. BACKGROUND A review of perinatal mental health services in a large Dublin maternity unit revealed a high number of referred women who 'did not attend' the perinatal mental health service with few guidelines in place to support midwives in identifying and referring women for specialist help. DESIGN Action research using cooperative inquiry involved a mental health nurse specialist and a team of midwives, who were drawn to each other in mutual concern about an area of practice. METHODS Data were gathered from three Cooperative Inquiry meetings, which incorporated one main Action Research Cycle of constructing, planning, taking and evaluating action. Data were analysed using a thematic content analysis framework. RESULTS Participants experienced varying levels of uncertainty about how to support women with perinatal mental health needs. Cooperative inquiry supported participants in making sense of how they understood perinatal mental health and how they managed challenges experienced when caring for women with perinatal mental health issues. Participants developed a referral pathway, highlighted the significance of education to support women with perinatal mental health issues and identified the value of using open questions to promote conversation with pregnant women about mental health. CONCLUSIONS Midwives value education and support to identify and refer women at risk of perinatal mental health issues. Cooperative inquiry, with a focus on action and shared reflection, facilitated the drawing together of two professional groups with diverse knowledge bases to work together to develop practice in an area of mutual concern. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Perinatal mental health is a significant public health issue and midwives need support to make psychosocial assessments and to negotiate access to specialist services where available and when required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kate Casey
- National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Vivienne Brady
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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369
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Letourneau NL, Dennis CL, Cosic N, Linder J. The effect of perinatal depression treatment for mothers on parenting and child development: A systematic review. Depress Anxiety 2017; 34:928-966. [PMID: 28962068 DOI: 10.1002/da.22687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Antenatal and postpartum depression are very common and have significant consequences for mothers and their children. This review examines which antenatal depression (AD) and postpartum depression (PPD) treatment interventions are most efficacious in improving parenting and/or child development. CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Controlled Trials, Medline (OVID), Embase (OVID), PsychINFO, PsycARTICLES, AMED, and reference lists were searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies assessing the effect of AD, PPD, or both treatment interventions on parenting and/or child development were included. Meta-analysis was conducted using random effects when possible. Thirty-six trials (within 40 articles) met criteria for review. Interventions include interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), peer support, maternal-child interaction guidance, and other interventions, such as massage. For AD, IPT, CBT, and massage produced large effects on parenting (e.g. adjustment and attention toward infant) and child development (e.g. behaviour). For PPD, maternal-child interaction guidance and psychotherapeutic group support produced large effects on parenting (e.g. sense of competence) and child development (e.g. cortisol). However, meta-analysis revealed nonsignificant effects of IPT on maternal-child attachment and CBT on parenting stress. Promising findings exist for IPT, CBT, maternal-child interaction guidance, massage, and psychotherapeutic group support for specific parenting and/or child development outcomes. Additional RCTs using measures already employed in the literature are required to conduct necessary meta-analysis and fully elucidate treatment effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Letourneau
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Cumming School of Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics & Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Cindy-Lee Dennis
- Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nela Cosic
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Cumming School of Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics & Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jordana Linder
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Cumming School of Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics & Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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370
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The Latina Birth Weight Paradox: the Role of Subjective Social Status. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2017; 5:747-757. [DOI: 10.1007/s40615-017-0419-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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371
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Barber CC, Steadman J. Distress levels in pregnant and matched non-pregnant women. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2017; 58:128-131. [PMID: 28905360 DOI: 10.1111/ajo.12712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study examined self-rated symptoms of distress (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-DASS-21 and Perceived Stress Scale-PSS-4) among 93 pregnant women and a comparison group of 93 non-pregnant women matched on age and educational attainment. There were no significant differences between the groups, either on mean levels of distress or on proportions above a clinical cut-off point. Overall, 22%, 31% and 16% of pregnant women reported experiencing at least moderate levels of depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. Implications for conceptualising distress in pregnancy and identifying and providing support for the substantial minority who are distressed are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Steadman
- School of Psychology, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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372
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Koutra K, Roumeliotaki T, Kyriklaki A, Kampouri M, Sarri K, Vassilaki M, Bitsios P, Kogevinas M, Chatzi L. Maternal depression and personality traits in association with child neuropsychological and behavioral development in preschool years: Mother-child cohort (Rhea Study) in Crete, Greece. J Affect Disord 2017; 217:89-98. [PMID: 28395209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor perinatal maternal mental health has been linked with negative outcomes on early child development; however, the importance of maternal personality has been neglected thus far. We aimed to examine the effects of antenatal and postnatal maternal mental health, including assessment of maternal personality characteristics, on child neuropsychological and behavioral development at preschool years in a population based mother-child cohort (Rhea Study) in Crete, Greece. METHOD Self-reported measures of maternal depression (EPDS), trait anxiety (STAI-Trait) and personality traits (EPQ-R) were assessed in a sample of 288 women at 28-32 weeks of gestation. A larger sample of 642 mothers completed the EPDS scale at 8 weeks postpartum. Children's neuropsychological (MSCA) and behavioral (ADHDT and SDQ) development were assessed at 4 years of age. Linear regression analyses were used to estimate the associations between the exposures and outcomes of interest after adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS Regarding child neuropsychological development, increased postnatal depressive symptoms were associated with child's perceptual performance, whereas increased maternal psychoticism was linked with child's motor ability at 4 years of age. Furthermore, elevated levels of maternal depression during pregnancy and postpartum, and the predisposing personality characteristics of trait anxiety and neuroticism, were associated with children's behavioral difficulties. LIMITATIONS A clinical diagnostic instrument for maternal mental health was not used and assessment of children's behavior was based on maternal report. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that poor perinatal maternal mental health and an adverse personality profile may be associated with impaired child neuropsychological and behavioral development at preschool years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Koutra
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Andriani Kyriklaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Mariza Kampouri
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Katerina Sarri
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Vassilaki
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Panos Bitsios
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Municipal Institute of Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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373
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Impact of prenatal stress on the dyadic behavior of mothers and their 6-month-old infants during a play situation: role of different dimensions of stress. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 124:1251-1260. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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374
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Weis KL, Lederman RP, Walker KC, Chan W. Mentors Offering Maternal Support Reduces Prenatal, Pregnancy-Specific Anxiety in a Sample of Military Women. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2017; 46:669-685. [PMID: 28751158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of the Mentors Offering Maternal Support (MOMS) program to reduce pregnancy-specific anxiety and depression and build self-esteem and resilience in military women. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial with repeated measures. SETTING Large military community in Texas. PARTICIPANTS Pregnant women (N = 246) in a military sample defined as active duty or spouse of military personnel. METHODS Participants were randomized in the first trimester to the MOMS program or normal prenatal care. Participants attended eight 1-hour sessions every other week during the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy. Pregnancy-specific anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and resilience were measured in each trimester. Linear mixed models were used to compare the two-group difference in slope for prenatal anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and resilience. RESULTS The Prenatal Self-Evaluation Questionnaire was used to measure perinatal anxiety. Rates of prenatal anxiety on the Identification With a Motherhood Role (p = .049) scale and the Preparation for Labor (p = .017) scale were significantly reduced for participants in MOMS. Nulliparous participants showed significantly lower anxiety on the Acceptance of Pregnancy scale and significantly greater anxiety on the Preparation for Labor scale. Single participants had significantly greater anxiety on the Well-Being of Self and Baby in Labor scale, and participants with deployed husbands had significantly greater anxiety on the Identification With a Motherhood Role scale. CONCLUSION Participation in the MOMS program reduced pregnancy-specific prenatal anxiety for the dimensions of Identification With a Motherhood Role and Preparation for Labor. Both dimensions of anxiety were previously found to be significantly associated with preterm birth and low birth weight. Military leaders have recognized the urgent need to support military families.
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375
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Ellis BJ, Bianchi J, Griskevicius V, Frankenhuis WE. Beyond Risk and Protective Factors: An Adaptation-Based Approach to Resilience. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2017; 12:561-587. [DOI: 10.1177/1745691617693054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
How does repeated or chronic childhood adversity shape social and cognitive abilities? According to the prevailing deficit model, children from high-stress backgrounds are at risk for impairments in learning and behavior, and the intervention goal is to prevent, reduce, or repair the damage. Missing from this deficit approach is an attempt to leverage the unique strengths and abilities that develop in response to high-stress environments. Evolutionary-developmental models emphasize the coherent, functional changes that occur in response to stress over the life course. Research in birds, rodents, and humans suggests that developmental exposures to stress can improve forms of attention, perception, learning, memory, and problem solving that are ecologically relevant in harsh-unpredictable environments (as per the specialization hypothesis). Many of these skills and abilities, moreover, are primarily manifest in currently stressful contexts where they would provide the greatest fitness-relevant advantages (as per the sensitization hypothesis). This perspective supports an alternative adaptation-based approach to resilience that converges on a central question: “What are the attention, learning, memory, problem-solving, and decision-making strategies that are enhanced through exposures to childhood adversity?” At an applied level, this approach focuses on how we can work with, rather than against, these strengths to promote success in education, employment, and civic life.
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376
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Abstract
Perinatal mental health has important implications for maternal and child outcomes. Most women with psychiatric disorders during pregnancy go undiagnosed and untreated, despite widespread initiatives for early identification. Universal screening for psychiatric disorders, particularly depression and anxiety, has been implemented in obstetric and primary care settings. However, there is little evidence regarding the effectiveness on psychiatric symptom reduction or prevention of adverse outcomes in children. Recently, comprehensive screening and follow-up programs integrated within obstetric or primary care settings have shown promising results in improving maternal mental health outcomes. Further work is needed to determine best clinical and most cost-effective practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon N Lenze
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8504, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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377
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Millard SJ, Weston-Green K, Newell KA. The effects of maternal antidepressant use on offspring behaviour and brain development: Implications for risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017. [PMID: 28629713 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 10% of pregnant women are prescribed antidepressant drugs (ADDs), with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) the most widely prescribed. SSRIs bind to the serotonin transporter (SERT), blocking the reabsorption of serotonin by the presynaptic neuron and increasing serotonin levels in the synaptic cleft. The serotonergic system regulates a range of brain development processes including neuronal proliferation, migration, differentiation and synaptogenesis. Given the presence of SERT in early brain development, coupled with the ability of SSRIs to cross the placenta and also enter breast milk, concerns have been raised regarding the effects of SSRI exposure on the developing foetus and newborns. In this review, we evaluate preclinical and clinical studies that have examined the effects of maternal SSRI exposure and the risk for altered neurodevelopment and associated behaviours in offspring. While the current body of evidence suggests that maternal SSRI treatment may cause perturbations to the neurobiology, behaviour and ultimately risk for neurodevelopmental disorders in exposed offspring, conflicting findings do exist and the evidence is not conclusive. However, given the increasing incidence of depression and number of women prescribed ADDs during pregnancy, further investigation into this area is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Millard
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
| | - Katrina Weston-Green
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
| | - Kelly A Newell
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
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378
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Comaskey B, Roos NP, Brownell M, Enns MW, Chateau D, Ruth CA, Ekuma O. Maternal depression and anxiety disorders (MDAD) and child development: A Manitoba population-based study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177065. [PMID: 28542256 PMCID: PMC5443487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the association between maternal depression and anxiety disorders (MDAD) and child development assessed during the kindergarten year. Methods Administrative data from several health and social databases in Manitoba, Canada, were used to study 18,331 mother-child pairs. MDAD over the period from one year prior to the child's birth to the kindergarten year was defined using physician diagnoses and filled prescriptions. Child development was assessed during the kindergarten year using the Early Development Instrument (EDI) which measures vulnerability across five domains of development. Structural equation modeling was used to examine associations between timing, recurrence and severity of MDAD and child outcomes. Health at Birth (preterm, low birth weight, neonatal intensive care stay and long birth hospitalization), Family Context (teen mother, lone parent, socio-economic status (SES)), child age and child sex were covariates. Results MDAD had a modest negative association with child EDI scores across all models tested, particularly for social, emotional and physical development. Prenatal MDAD had a stronger negative association with outcomes than other time periods; however, recurrent MDAD had a stronger negative association with outcomes than any specific time period or MDAD severity. The influence of MDAD was mediated by Family Context, which had a strong, negative association with outcomes, particularly language and cognitive development. Conclusion The number of time periods a child was exposed to MDAD in early childhood was more negatively associated with five areas of child development than timing or severity. Prenatal exposure may be more sensitive to MDAD than other time periods. The familial context (teen mother, lone parenthood and low SES) had a stronger influence on child outcomes than MDAD. Findings can be used to inform interventions which address maternal mental health from the prenatal period onward, and to support disadvantaged families to encourage healthy birth outcomes, early childhood development and school readiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Comaskey
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Noralou P. Roos
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Marni Brownell
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Murray W. Enns
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Dan Chateau
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Chelsea A. Ruth
- Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Okechukwu Ekuma
- Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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379
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Barber CC, Panettierre M, Starkey NJ. How am I, really? Perceptions of health and distress by women and their midwives. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2017.1310375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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380
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Prenatal listening to songs composed for pregnancy and symptoms of anxiety and depression: a pilot study. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:256. [PMID: 28482901 PMCID: PMC5423008 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1759-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal anxiety and depression are distressing for the expectant mother and can have adverse effects on her fetus and subsequently, her child. This study aimed to determine whether listening to specially composed songs would be an effective intervention for reducing symptoms of prenatal anxiety and depression. METHODS Pregnant women were recruited online and randomly assigned to one of two groups: the music group (daily listening to specially composed songs) or control group (daily relaxation) for 12 weeks each. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess symptoms of State and Trait anxiety (Spielberger) and depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)). Trait anxiety was measured as the primary outcome, while State anxiety and depression were the secondary outcomes. 111 participants were randomised to each group. 20 participants in the intervention group and 16 participants in the active control group completed the study. RESULTS The music group demonstrated lower Trait Anxiety (p = .0001) (effect size 0.80), State Anxiety (p = .02) (effect size 0.64), and EPDS (p = .002) (effect size 0.92) scores at week 12 compared to baseline, by paired t test. There were no such changes in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Though this pilot study had high levels of attrition, the results do suggest that regular listening to relaxing music should be explored further as an effective non-pharmacological means for reducing prenatal anxiety and depression. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02776293 LV-001. Registered 17 May 2016. Retrospectively registered.
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381
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Islam MJ, Broidy L, Baird K, Mazerolle P. Intimate partner violence around the time of pregnancy and postpartum depression: The experience of women of Bangladesh. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176211. [PMID: 28472056 PMCID: PMC5417480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Intimate partner violence (IPV) around the time of pregnancy is a serious public health concern and is known to have an adverse effect on perinatal mental health. In order to craft appropriate and effective interventions, it is important to understand how the association between IPV and postpartum depression (PPD) may differ as a function of the type and timing of IPV victimization. Here we evaluate the influence of physical, sexual and psychological IPV before, during and after pregnancy on PPD. METHODS Cross-sectional survey data was collected between October 2015 and January 2016 in the Chandpur District of Bangladesh from 426 new mothers, aged 15-49 years, who were in the first six months postpartum. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between IPV and PPD, adjusted for socio-demographic, reproductive and psychosocial confounding factors. RESULTS Approximately 35.2% of women experienced PPD within the first six months following childbirth. Controlling for confounders, the odds of PPD was significantly greater among women who reported exposure to physical (AOR: 1.79, 95% CI [1.25, 3.43]), sexual (AOR: 2.25, 95% CI [1.14, 4.45]) or psychological (AOR: 6.92, 95% CI [1.71, 28.04]) IPV during pregnancy as opposed to those who did not. However, both before and after pregnancy, only physical IPV evidences a direct effect on PPD. Results highlight the mental health consequences of IPV for women of Bangladesh, as well as the influence of timing and type of IPV on PPD outcomes. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The findings confirm that exposure to IPV significantly increases the odds of PPD. The association is particularly strong for physical IPV during all periods and psychological IPV during pregnancy. Results reinforce the need to conduct routine screening during pregnancy to identify women with a history of IPV who may at risk for PPD and to offer them necessary support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Jahirul Islam
- School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Ministry of Planning, Bangladesh Planning Commission, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Lisa Broidy
- School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Sociology, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Baird
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul Mazerolle
- School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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382
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Akobirshoev I, Bowser D, Parish SL, Thomas C, Bachman SS. Does Parental Health Mediate the Relationship between Parental Uninsurance and Insured Children's Health Outcomes? Evidence from a U.S. National Survey. HEALTH & SOCIAL WORK 2017; 42:e68-e76. [PMID: 28339895 DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlx003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the United States has made great strides in ensuring near universal health care access for children, the health insurance coverage gap between children and their parents remains high. This study analyzed aggregated data from the 2006-2013 National Health Interview Survey to investigate the direct relationships between parental uninsurance and children's health outcomes. Authors explored how parental health mediates the relationship between parents' health and children's health outcomes. Results suggest that insured children of uninsured parents have worse health status and are at higher risk of asthma, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, developmental delays, learning disabilities, and mental disabilities compared with insured children of insured parents. Parental health mediated this relationship. These findings illuminate the pathway between parental uninsurance and child health outcomes and suggest that policies that provide health insurance coverage to both children and their parents may improve both parental health and children's health outcomes. This study fills an important gap in the literature related to how parental uninsurance affects children's health outcomes mediated by the impact of uninsurance on parental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhom Akobirshoev
- MS Program in Global Health Policy and Management, Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston. Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Center for Innovation in Social Work and Health, and School of Social Work, Boston University
| | - Diana Bowser
- MS Program in Global Health Policy and Management, Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston. Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Center for Innovation in Social Work and Health, and School of Social Work, Boston University
| | - Susan L Parish
- MS Program in Global Health Policy and Management, Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston. Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Center for Innovation in Social Work and Health, and School of Social Work, Boston University
| | - Cindy Thomas
- MS Program in Global Health Policy and Management, Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston. Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Center for Innovation in Social Work and Health, and School of Social Work, Boston University
| | - Sara S Bachman
- MS Program in Global Health Policy and Management, Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston. Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Center for Innovation in Social Work and Health, and School of Social Work, Boston University
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383
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Kidwell KM, Nelson TD, Nelson JM, Espy KA. A Longitudinal Study of Maternal and Child Internalizing Symptoms Predicting Early Adolescent Emotional Eating. J Pediatr Psychol 2017; 42:445-456. [PMID: 27694277 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsw085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine maternal and child internalizing symptoms as predictors of early adolescent emotional eating in a longitudinal framework spanning three critical developmental periods (preschool, elementary school, and early adolescence). Methods Participants were 170 children recruited at preschool age for a longitudinal study. When children were 5.25 years, their mothers completed ratings of their own internalizing symptoms. During the spring of 4th grade, children completed measures of internalizing symptoms. In early adolescence, youth completed a measure of emotional eating. Results Maternal and child internalizing symptoms predicted adolescent emotional eating. The results indicated that child psychopathology moderated the association between maternal psychopathology (except for maternal anxiety) and early adolescent emotional eating. There was no evidence of mediation. Conclusions Pediatric psychologists are encouraged to provide early screening of, and interventions for, maternal and child internalizing symptoms to prevent children's emotional eating.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jennifer Mize Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.,Office of Research, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
| | - Kimberly Andrews Espy
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.,Department of Psychology, University of Arizona
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384
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McAllister-Williams RH, Baldwin DS, Cantwell R, Easter A, Gilvarry E, Glover V, Green L, Gregoire A, Howard LM, Jones I, Khalifeh H, Lingford-Hughes A, McDonald E, Micali N, Pariante CM, Peters L, Roberts A, Smith NC, Taylor D, Wieck A, Yates LM, Young AH. British Association for Psychopharmacology consensus guidance on the use of psychotropic medication preconception, in pregnancy and postpartum 2017. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:519-552. [PMID: 28440103 DOI: 10.1177/0269881117699361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Decisions about the use of psychotropic medication in pregnancy are an ongoing challenge for clinicians and women with mental health problems, owing to the uncertainties around risks of the illness itself to mother and fetus/infant, effectiveness of medications in pregnancy and risks to the fetus/infant from in utero exposure or via breast milk. These consensus guidelines aim to provide pragmatic advice regarding these issues. They are divided into sections on risks of untreated illness in pregnancy; general principles of using drugs in the perinatal period; benefits and harms associated with individual drugs; and recommendations for the management of specific disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hamish McAllister-Williams
- 1 Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK.,2 Northumberland Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - David S Baldwin
- 3 Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,4 University Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Abby Easter
- 6 Centre for Implementation Science, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Eilish Gilvarry
- 2 Northumberland Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,7 Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Vivette Glover
- 8 Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lucian Green
- 9 Ealing, Hounslow, Hammersmith & Fulham Perinatal Mental Health Service, West London Mental Health Trust, London, UK
| | - Alain Gregoire
- 3 Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,10 Hampshire Perinatal Mental Health Service, Winchester, UK
| | - Louise M Howard
- 11 Section of Women's Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,12 South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ian Jones
- 13 National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Hind Khalifeh
- 11 Section of Women's Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,12 South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Elizabeth McDonald
- 15 Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, UK.,16 East London Foundation Trust, London, UK.,17 Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nadia Micali
- 18 Behavioural and Brain Sciences Unit, GOSH Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Carmine M Pariante
- 12 South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,19 Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ann Roberts
- 20 St Martin's Healthcare Services CIC, Leeds, UK.,21 Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK.,22 Postgraduate School of Medicine, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Natalie C Smith
- 23 Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Darlington, County Durham, UK
| | - David Taylor
- 12 South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,24 Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Angelika Wieck
- 25 Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,26 University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Laura M Yates
- 27 UK Teratology Information Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,28 Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Allan H Young
- 12 South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,19 Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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385
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Dennis CL, Falah-Hassani K, Shiri R. Prevalence of antenatal and postnatal anxiety: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 2017; 210:315-323. [PMID: 28302701 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.116.187179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 708] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundMaternal anxiety negatively influences child outcomes. Reliable estimates have not been established because of varying published prevalence rates.AimsTo establish summary estimates for the prevalence of maternal anxiety in the antenatal and postnatal periods.MethodWe searched multiple databases including MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO to identify studies published up to January 2016 with data on the prevalence of antenatal or postnatal anxiety. Data were extracted from published reports and any missing information was requested from investigators. Estimates were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses.ResultsWe reviewed 23 468 abstracts, retrieved 783 articles and included 102 studies incorporating 221 974 women from 34 countries. The prevalence for self-reported anxiety symptoms was 18.2% (95% CI 13.6-22.8) in the first trimester, 19.1% (95% CI 15.9-22.4) in the second trimester and 24.6% (95% CI 21.2-28.0) in the third trimester. The overall prevalence for a clinical diagnosis of any anxiety disorder was 15.2% (95% CI 9.0-21.4) and 4.1% (95% CI 1.9-6.2) for a generalised anxiety disorder. Postnatally, the prevalence for anxiety symptoms overall at 1-24 weeks was 15.0% (95% CI 13.7-16.4). The prevalence for any anxiety disorder over the same period was 9.9% (95% CI 6.1-13.8), and 5.7% (95% CI 2.3-9.2) for a generalised anxiety disorder. Rates were higher in low- to middle-income countries.ConclusionsResults suggest perinatal anxiety is highly prevalent and merits clinical attention. Research is warranted to develop evidence-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy-Lee Dennis
- Cindy-Lee Dennis, PhD, Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Kobra Falah-Hassani, PhD, Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Rahman Shiri, MD, PhD, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kobra Falah-Hassani
- Cindy-Lee Dennis, PhD, Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Kobra Falah-Hassani, PhD, Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Rahman Shiri, MD, PhD, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rahman Shiri
- Cindy-Lee Dennis, PhD, Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Kobra Falah-Hassani, PhD, Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Rahman Shiri, MD, PhD, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
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386
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Goodwin RD, Cheslack-Postava K, Nelson DB, Smith PH, Hasin DS, Janevic T, Bakoyiannis N, Wall MM. Serious Psychological Distress and Smoking During Pregnancy in the United States: 2008-2014. Nicotine Tob Res 2017; 19:605-614. [PMID: 28403468 PMCID: PMC5441894 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntw323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current study examined the relationship between acute (past 30 day) and recent (past year but not past 30 day) serious psychological distress (SPD) and smoking during pregnancy among women in the United States overall, stratified by demographic characteristics, and described the change in the prevalence of prenatal smoking among women with and without SPD, from 2008 to 2014. METHODS Data were drawn from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), an annual cross-sectional study of US persons aged 12 and over. SPD and smoking in the past 30 days among pregnant women, aged 18 and older, were examined using logistic regression models. Heterogeneity in this association by demographic characteristics, trends over time, and level of cigarette consumption was also examined. RESULTS Prenatal smoking was common. Almost 40% of pregnant women with acute SPD reported smoking, 23% of pregnant women with recent SPD smoked, and 11.7% of pregnant women without recent SPD smoked. No significant change was found in the prevalence of prenatal smoking from 2008 to 2014 in any of these groups. Robust relationships were found between acute (OR = 5.05 [3.64-6.99]) and recent SPD (OR = 2.37 [1.74-3.24]) and smoking; these findings remained after adjusting for demographics. CONCLUSIONS SPD and smoking during pregnancy are strongly associated; this relationship is present across all sociodemographic groups and the prevalence of smoking in pregnancy has remained relatively unchanged over the past decade both in the presence and absence of SPD. IMPLICATIONS SPD and smoking in pregnancy are robustly linked; the prevalence of smoking in pregnancy is extremely high in women with SPD. Screening women with mental health problems for prenatal smoking, as well as screening pregnant smokers for mental health problems, seems warranted and may assist more women in seeking and utilizing treatment options. Efforts to reduce the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy might specifically target women with SPD, where the potential for impact is substantial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee D Goodwin
- Department of Psychology, Queens College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), Queens, NY
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Keely Cheslack-Postava
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
| | - Deborah B Nelson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Philip H Smith
- Department of Community Health and Social Medicine, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education/CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Deborah S Hasin
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
| | - Teresa Janevic
- Department of Population Health Science and Health Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Department of Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ
| | - Nina Bakoyiannis
- Department of Psychology, Queens College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), Queens, NY
| | - Melanie M Wall
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
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387
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[Consultation liaison during the peripartum: Network care between liaison and mobile unit]. Encephale 2017; 44:239-246. [PMID: 28456376 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The pregnancy periods of peripartum and immediate postpartum represent moments of opportunity to access care. Both prevention and therapeutic management can be offered with a better chance of success during these periods. Our specific Consultation Liaison (CL) team PPUMMA was created in order to respond to the need for early detection of psychopathology and rapid implementation of therapeutic management and preventive measure for mother and child. The importance of urgently intervening "on site" seemed a necessity since duration of hospitalization in maternity wards is very short. Women might not know or understand their symptoms or be ready to ask for a referral for themselves but could be ready to respond positively to a team approach where the psychiatrist is part of the Ob-Gyn department. Working with an interdisciplinary approach tends to lower stress linked to the psychiatric side of the consultation and stigma related to psychological or psychiatric issues; therefore, PPUMMA intervenes within 48 to 72hours of birth. It deals with assessment and diagnosis during the peripartum period and orientation and referral for both mother and infant when necessary after birth. The Perinatal Psychiatry emergency mobile unit PPUMMA was created in order to address these issues. METHODS From 2008 to 2015, 1907 patients were assessed but data were missing for 90 patients. We therefore analyzed 1817 patient files looking at age, diagnosis origin of referral, time of referral (pre or postpartum) and delay from referral to assessment. RESULTS Most patients were between 20 and 40 (81.5 %). One hundred and eighteen patients were under 20 years of age, of whom 64 were minors (3.5 %), and 218 were 40 or more (12 %). These two groups were over-represented close to threefold when comparing with national birth data records. A psychologist had first seen three out of four women. Midwives and Ob-Gyn referred 9 % and 8 % of patients while Social workers sent in 4 %. Two thirds of the women were seen during pregnancy, 50 % were seen the same day and 80 % received a consultation within 72hours. Three out of five of women had an assessment that concluded in a "Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders" type code disorder linked to stress and somatoform disorder in ICD 10 (F40-F49). This is due to a high number (47.2 %) of F43 "Reaction to severe stress, and adjustment disorders". Twentynine present of women had a mood disorder (F30-39), and close to one third (31.6 %) had a personality disorder diagnosis attached. Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders (F20-F29) represented 4.4 % of diagnoses. One third of the population had comorbid disorders: meeting either two (28.5 %) or three (3.7 %) diagnostic criteria for a psychiatric disorder. Most co-morbidity is due to personality disorder (82 % F60-F69). CONCLUSION The number of referrals and diagnostic criteria met show how essential a psychiatric CL team assessing and orienting women during pregnancy and immediate postpartum is. Opportunity for adaptation of treatment during the peripartum period and more long-term tailored management of disorders can be organized during this period in a multidisciplinary approach. Knowing how essential maternal mental health is for women, for infant development and for mother-infant interactions, this is a unique window for access to care and intervention. Maternal mental health is a public health issue. Access to psychiatric assessment and care during the peripartum period offers unique possibilities for prevention and care.
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388
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Beattie J, Hall H, Biro MA, East C, Lau R. Effects of mindfulness on maternal stress, depressive symptoms and awareness of present moment experience: A pilot randomised trial. Midwifery 2017; 50:174-183. [PMID: 28463789 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the feasibility and acceptability and measure the effects of a mindfulness intervention compared to a pregnancy support program on stress, depressive symptoms and awareness of present moment experience. DESIGN A pilot randomised trial using mixed methods. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Forty-eight women attending a maternity service were randomly allocated to a mindfulness-based or pregnancy support program. MEASURES Perceived Stress Scale, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, and Birth Outcomes. Women's perceptions of the impact of the programs were examined via summative evaluation, interviews, diaries and facilitator field notes. FINDINGS Nine women in the mindfulness program and 11 in the pregnancy support program completed post-program measures. There were no statistically significant differences between groups. Of practical significance, was an improvement in measures for both groups with a greater improvement in awareness of present moment experience for the intervention group. The intervention group reported learning how to manage stressors, fear, anxiety, and to regulate their attention to be more present. The control group reported learning how to calm down when stressed which increased their confidence. Intervention group themes were: releasing stress, becoming aware, accepting, having options and choices, connecting and being compassionate. Control group themes were:managing stress, increasing confidence, connecting, focussing, being accepted, preparing. KEY CONCLUSION The feasibility and acceptability of the intervention was confirmed. Programs decreased women's self-reported stress in different ways. Women in the mindfulness program accepted themselves and their experiences as they arose and passed in the present moment, while those in the control group gained acceptance primarily from external sources such as peers. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Mindfulness programs can foster an internalised locus of self-acceptance which may result in woman becoming less dependent on others for their wellbeing. Adequately powered RCTs, with an active control, long-term follow up and economic evaluation are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Beattie
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Building E, McMahons Road, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia.
| | - Helen Hall
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Building E, McMahons Road, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia.
| | - Mary Anne Biro
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Building E, McMahons Road, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia.
| | - Christine East
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Building E, McMahons Road, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia; Monash Women's Maternity Services, Birth Suite, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
| | - Rosalind Lau
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Building E, McMahons Road, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia.
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389
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Marsay C, Manderson L, Subramaney U. Validation of the Whooley questions for antenatal depression and anxiety among low-income women in urban South Africa. S Afr J Psychiatr 2017; 23:1013. [PMID: 30263185 PMCID: PMC6138202 DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v23i0.1013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/objective In South Africa, approximately 40% of women suffer from depression during pregnancy. Although perinatal depression and anxiety are significant public health problems impacting maternal and infant morbidity and mortality, no routine mental health screening programmes exist in the country. A practical, accurate screening tool is needed to identify cases in these busy, resource-scarce settings. Method A convenience sample of 145 women between 22 and 28 weeks gestation was recruited from Rahima Moosa Hospital antenatal clinic in Johannesburg. All women completed a biographical interview, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Whooley questions and a structured clinical interview. Results The results demonstrate the sensitivity and specificity of the Whooley questions and the EPDS in identifying depression, anxiety and stress disorders of varying severity. The importance of personal, social and cultural context in influencing the content and expression of these common perinatal conditions was also identified. Discussion and conclusion The validity of the Whooley questions in the context of urban South Africa, and the importance of ensuring clinical interviews to supplement any screening tools, is emphasised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Marsay
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Lenore Manderson
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Ugasvaree Subramaney
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.,Sterkfontein Hospital, South Africa
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390
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Mah B, Weatherall L, Burrows J, Blackwell CC, Gwynn J, Wadhwa P, Lumbers ER, Smith R, Rae KM. Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in pregnant Australian Indigenous women residing in rural and remote New South Wales: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2017; 57:520-525. [PMID: 28386930 DOI: 10.1111/ajo.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy can be a stressful time for many women. There is ample evidence of numerous physical and mental health inequities for Indigenous Australians. For those Indigenous women who are pregnant, it is established that there is a higher incidence of poor physical perinatal outcomes when compared with non-Indigenous Australians. However, little evidence exists that examines stressful events and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in pregnant women who are members of this community. AIMS To quantify the rates of stressful events and PTSD symptoms in pregnant Indigenous women. METHODS One hundred and fifty rural and remote Indigenous women were invited to complete a survey during each trimester of their pregnancy. The survey measures were the stressful life events and the Impact of Events Scale. RESULTS Extremely high rates of PTSD symptoms were reported by participants. Approximately 40% of this group exhibited PTSD symptoms during their pregnancy with mean score 33.38 (SD = 14.37) significantly higher than a study of European victims of crisis, including terrorism attacks (20.6, SD = 18.5). CONCLUSIONS The extreme levels of PTSD symptoms found in the women participating in this study are likely to result in negative implications for both mother and infant. An urgent response must be mounted at government, health, community development and research levels to address these findings. Immediate attention needs to focus on the development of interventions to address the high levels of PTSD symptoms that pregnant Australian Indigenous women experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Mah
- HMRI Brain and Mental Health Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Loretta Weatherall
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julie Burrows
- Department of Rural Health, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Tamworth, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Josephine Gwynn
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pathik Wadhwa
- UC Irvine Development, Health and Disease Research Program, School of Medicine University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Eugenie R Lumbers
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre Reproduction, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roger Smith
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre Reproduction, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kym M Rae
- Department of Rural Health, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Tamworth, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre Reproduction, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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391
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Polanska K, Krol A, Merecz-Kot D, Jurewicz J, Makowiec-Dabrowska T, Chiarotti F, Calamandrei G, Hanke W. Maternal stress during pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes of children during the first 2 years of life. J Paediatr Child Health 2017; 53:263-270. [PMID: 28168801 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM A growing body of literature documents associations between maternal stress in pregnancy and child development, but findings across studies are often inconsistent. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between exposure to different kinds of prenatal stress and child psychomotor development. METHODS The study population consisted of 372 mother-child pairs from Polish Mother and Child Cohort. The analysis was restricted to the women who worked at least 1 month during pregnancy period. Maternal psychological stress during pregnancy was assessed based on: the Subjective Work Characteristics Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale and Social Readjustment Rating Scale. The level of satisfaction with family functioning and support was evaluated by APGAR Family Scale. Child psychomotor development was assessed at the 12th and 24th months of age by Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. RESULTS Negative impact on child cognitive development at the age of two was observed for the Perceived Stress Scale (β = -0.8; P = 0.01) and the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (β = -0.4; P = 0.03) after adjusting for the variety of confounders. Occupational stress, as well as satisfaction with family functioning, was not significantly associated with child psychomotor development (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study supports the findings that prenatal exposure to maternal stress is significantly associated with decreased child cognitive functions. In order to further understand and quantify the effects of prenatal stress on child neurodevelopment further studies are needed. This will be important for developing interventions that provide more assistance to pregnant women, including emotional support or help to manage psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Polanska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Krol
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dorota Merecz-Kot
- Department of Health and Work Psychology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Jurewicz
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Teresa Makowiec-Dabrowska
- Department of Work Physiology and Ergonomics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Flavia Chiarotti
- Unit of Neurotoxicology and Neuroendocrinology, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Gemma Calamandrei
- Unit of Neurotoxicology and Neuroendocrinology, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Wojciech Hanke
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
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392
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Luz R, George A, Vieux R, Spitz E. ANTENATAL DETERMINANTS OF PARENTAL ATTACHMENT AND PARENTING ALLIANCE: HOW DO MOTHERS AND FATHERS DIFFER? Infant Ment Health J 2017; 38:183-197. [DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Luz
- Université de Lorraine and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire; Nancy France
| | | | - Rachel Vieux
- Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France, and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire and Université de Franche-Comté; Besançon France
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393
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the associations between haemoconcentration at the end of pregnancy (third trimester and delivery) and neonatal behaviour in healthy pregnant women supplemented with moderate doses of Fe. DESIGN A prospective longitudinal study in which obstetric and clinical history, maternal toxic habits, maternal anxiety and Hb levels were recorded at the third trimester and delivery. Neonatal behaviour was assessed at 48-72 h of age using the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale. SETTING Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Sant Joan University Hospital in Reus, Tarragona (Spain). SUBJECTS A total of 210 healthy and well-nourished pregnant women and their full-term, normal-weight newborns. RESULTS The results showed that, after adjusting for confounders, in the third trimester the risk of haemoconcentration (6·2 % of pregnant women) was related to decreased neonatal state regulation (B=-1·273, P=0·006) and alertness (B=-1·848, P=0·006) scores. In addition, the risk of haemoconcentration at delivery (12·0 % of pregnant women) was also related to decreased neonatal state regulation (B=-0·796, P=0·021) and poor robustness and endurance (B=-0·921, P=0·005) scores. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the risk of haemoconcentration at the end of pregnancy is related to the neonate's neurodevelopment (and self-regulation capabilities), suggesting that Fe supplementation patterns and maternal Fe status during pregnancy are important factors for neurodevelopment which may be carefully controlled.
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394
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Antenatal exposure to antidepressants is associated with altered brain development in very preterm-born neonates. Neuroscience 2017; 342:252-262. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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395
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Field T. Prenatal Depression Risk Factors, Developmental Effects and Interventions: A Review. JOURNAL OF PREGNANCY AND CHILD HEALTH 2017; 4:301. [PMID: 28702506 PMCID: PMC5502770 DOI: 10.4172/2376-127x.1000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This narrative review based on a literature search in PubMed and PsycInfo on the two terms prenatal and antenatal depression includes empirical studies, reviews and meta-analyses that have been published during the last 5 years on risk factors, developmental effects and interventions for prenatal depression. Risk factor studies that met criteria feature demographic measures (lower socioeconomic status, less education, non-marital status, non-employment, less social support and health locus of control, unintended pregnancy, partner violence and history of child abuse) and physiological variables (cortisol, amylase, and pro-inflammatory cytokines and intrauterine artery resistance). The negative effects include postpartum depression, paternal depression, and prematurity and low birth weight. Negative effects on infants include greater right frontal EEG, amygdala connectivity, cortical thinning and more difficult temperament. In childhood, externalizing and internalizing problems have been reported. The data on prenatal antidepressants (specifically SSRIs) reveal negative effects including internalizing problems as well as a greater risk for autism spectrum disorder. Prenatal interventions that have been effective include interpersonal psychotherapy, peer support, massage therapy, yoga, tai chi, and aerobic exercise. Potential underlying mechanisms are discussed as well as methodological limitations including homogeneity of samples and lack of randomization to intervention groups. Despite these limitations, the literature highlights the need for prenatal depression screening and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Field
- University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Fielding Graduate University, USA
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396
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Lecompte V, Richard-Fortier Z, Rousseau C. Adverse effect of high migration stress on mental health during pregnancy: a case report. Arch Womens Ment Health 2017; 20:233-235. [PMID: 27696006 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-016-0671-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite empirical evidence on the numerous consequences associated with high migration stress and mental health problems during pregnancy, a psychosocial stress assessment is rarely done, leaving it largely unaddressed. This case illustration sheds light on the common multiple risk factors related to migration stress that have to be taken into consideration when addressing perinatal mental health, and highlights the importance of obstetric appointments as a unique opportunity to assess psychosocial stress and mobilize interdisciplinary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cécile Rousseau
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
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397
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Jonsdottir SS, Thome M, Steingrimsdottir T, Lydsdottir LB, Sigurdsson JF, Olafsdottir H, Swahnberg K. Partner relationship, social support and perinatal distress among pregnant Icelandic women. Women Birth 2017; 30:e46-e55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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398
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Arranz Betegón Á, García M, Parés S, Montenegro G, Feixas G, Padilla N, Camacho A, Goberna J, Botet F, Gratacós E. A Program Aimed at Reducing Anxiety in Pregnant Women Diagnosed With a Small-for-Gestational-Age Fetus: Evaluative Findings From a Spanish Study. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2017; 31:225-235. [PMID: 28737543 DOI: 10.1097/jpn.0000000000000270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of anxiety-reducing techniques including music therapy, sophrology, and creative visualization in pregnant women with a fetus diagnosed as small for gestational age and improved fetal and neonatal weight. This was a quasi-experimental study with a nonrandomized clinical trial design. We compared 2 groups of pregnant women with a fetus diagnosed as small for gestational age with no abnormalities on Doppler studies. The control group (n = 93) received standard care, and the intervention group (n = 65), in addition to standard care, underwent a program of 6 sessions led by a midwife or nurse who taught anxiety-reduction techniques. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) including trait and state subscales were completed by both groups at the start of the study, and only the STAI-State subscale was completed again at the end of the study. Comparisons between the 2 groups regarding fetal weight and centile and maternal STAI scores were performed using the t test and the χ test. There were no significant differences in the STAI-Trait scores between the 2 groups. There were statistically significant differences in the intervention group's STAI-State score percentiles between the start and the end of the study, being lower at the end of the study (P < .001). There were significant differences between the 2 groups in fetal weight trajectory on the basis of fetal weight: the intervention group had a larger weight gain (P < .005). The program designed to reduce anxiety in pregnant women was effective at reducing anxiety in the women in the intervention group, leading to a favorable fetal weight trajectory in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Arranz Betegón
- BCNatal (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Barcelona, Spain (Drs Arranz Betegón, Botet, and Gratacós and Mss García, Parés, Montenegro, Feixas, and Camacho); Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Dr Padilla); Department of Public Health, Mental Health and Perinatal Nursing, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Dr Goberna); and IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain (Drs Botet and Gratacós)
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399
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Huizink A, Menting B, De Moor M, Verhage ML, Kunseler F, Schuengel C, Oosterman M. From prenatal anxiety to parenting stress: a longitudinal study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2017; 20. [PMID: 28634716 PMCID: PMC5599437 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-017-0746-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore how maternal mood during pregnancy, i.e., general anxiety, pregnancy-specific anxiety, and depression predicted parenting stress 3 months after giving birth, thereby shaping the child's early postnatal environmental circumstances. To this end, data were used from 1073 women participating in the Dutch longitudinal cohort Generations2, which studies first-time pregnant mothers during pregnancy and across the transition to parenthood. Women filled out the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-revised (PRAQ-R), and Beck Depression Index (BDI) three times during pregnancy: at 12, 22, and 32 weeks gestational age. Three months postpartum, a parenting stress questionnaire was filled out yielding seven different parenting constructs. Latent scores were computed for each of the repeatedly measured maternal mood variables with Mplus and parenting stress constructs were simultaneously regressed on these latent scores. Results showed that trait anxiety and pregnancy-specific anxiety were uniquely related to almost all parenting stress constructs, taking depression into account. Early prevention and intervention to reduce maternal anxiety in pregnancy could hold the key for a more advantageous trajectory of early postnatal parenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.C. Huizink
- Department of Clinical Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,Section of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Department of Educational and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B. Menting
- Department of Clinical Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement (NSCR), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M.H.M. De Moor
- Section of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Department of Educational and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M. L. Verhage
- Section of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Department of Educational and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F.C. Kunseler
- Section of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Department of Educational and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C. Schuengel
- Section of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Department of Educational and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M. Oosterman
- Section of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Department of Educational and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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400
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Schwab-Reese LM, Ramirez M, Ashida S, Peek-Asa C. Psychosocial employment characteristics and postpartum maternal mental health symptoms. Am J Ind Med 2017; 60:109-120. [PMID: 27747914 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For new mothers returning to work, the role of the workplace psychosocial environment on maternal mental health has not been fully described. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between psychosocial employment characteristics and mothers' postpartum depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. METHODS Ninety-seven women answered survey questions regarding employment, job demand, control, and support, and postpartum depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms soon after live birth and 6 months later. RESULTS Working and nonworking mothers reported similar mental health symptoms. Psychological characteristics of employment were not associated with increased odds of mental health symptoms. Increased social support provided by coworkers, supervisors, and the organization was associated with reduced odds of anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSION Our findings identified lack of workplace social support as a modifiable risk factor for postpartum anxiety. Future evaluations of workplace social support interventions may be explored to improve postpartum mental health symptoms. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:109-120, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Schwab-Reese
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health; The University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa
| | - Marizen Ramirez
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health; The University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa
| | - Sato Ashida
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health; The University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa
| | - Corinne Peek-Asa
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health; The University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa
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