351
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Pfeiffer C, Rehbock C, Hühn D, Carrillo-Carrion C, de Aberasturi DJ, Merk V, Barcikowski S, Parak WJ. Interaction of colloidal nanoparticles with their local environment: the (ionic) nanoenvironment around nanoparticles is different from bulk and determines the physico-chemical properties of the nanoparticles. J R Soc Interface 2014; 11:20130931. [PMID: 24759541 PMCID: PMC4032524 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2013.0931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The physico-chemical properties of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) are influenced by their local environment, as, in turn, the local environment influences the physico-chemical properties of the NPs. In other words, the local environment around NPs has a profound impact on the NPs, and it is different from bulk due to interaction with the NP surface. So far, this important effect has not been addressed in a comprehensive way in the literature. The vicinity of NPs can be sensitively influenced by local ions and ligands, with effects already occurring at extremely low concentrations. NPs in the Hückel regime are more sensitive to fluctuations in the ionic environment, because of a larger Debye length. The local ion concentration hereby affects the colloidal stability of the NPs, as it is different from bulk owing to Debye Hückel screening caused by the charge of the NPs. This can have subtle effects, now caused by the environment to the performance of the NP, such as for example a buffering effect caused by surface reaction on ultrapure ligand-free nanogold, a size quenching effect in the presence of specific ions and a significant impact on fluorophore-labelled NPs acting as ion sensors. Thus, the aim of this review is to clarify and give an unifying view of the complex interplay between the NP's surface with their nanoenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Rehbock
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dominik Hühn
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Vivian Merk
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Barcikowski
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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352
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Comparison of behaviour in different liquids and in cells of gold nanorods and spherical nanoparticles modified by linear polyethyleneimine and bovine serum albumin. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:908175. [PMID: 25093190 PMCID: PMC4100455 DOI: 10.1155/2014/908175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (GNRs) are considered one of the most promising forms of nanoparticles for nanobiotechnology; however, the problem of their toxicity is currently not resolved. We synthesised GNRs, modified with linear polyethyleneimine (PEI-GNRs), and examined their physicochemical and some biological properties in comparison with GNRs modified with BSA and spherical gold nanoparticles (sGNPs) modified with the same agents. The influence of the buffer, cell culture media, and serum on hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential of all GNPs was studied. Simultaneously, the size, shape, and formation of a corona were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). PEI-GNRs and GNPs were nontoxic for BHK-21 and HeLa cells (MTT test). Penetration of all GNPs into BHK-21, melanoma B16, and HeLa cells was examined after 30 min, 3 h, and 24 h of incubation using TEM ultrathin sections. PEI-GNRs and PEI-sGNPs demonstrated fast and active penetration into cells by caveolin-dependent and lipid raft-mediated endocytosis and accumulated in endosomes and lysosomes. BSA-modified GNPs showed prolonged flotation and a significant delay in cell penetration. The results show that the charge of initial NPs determines penetration into cells. Thus, the designed PEI-GNRs were nontoxic and stable in cell culture media and could efficiently penetrate cells.
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353
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Mahmoudi M, Meng J, Xue X, Liang XJ, Rahman M, Pfeiffer C, Hartmann R, Gil PR, Pelaz B, Parak WJ, del Pino P, Carregal-Romero S, Kanaras AG, Tamil Selvan S. Interaction of stable colloidal nanoparticles with cellular membranes. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:679-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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354
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Verderio P, Avvakumova S, Alessio G, Bellini M, Colombo M, Galbiati E, Mazzucchelli S, Avila JP, Santini B, Prosperi D. Delivering colloidal nanoparticles to mammalian cells: a nano-bio interface perspective. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:957-76. [PMID: 24443410 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the behavior of multifunctional colloidal nanoparticles capable of biomolecular targeting remains a fascinating challenge in materials science with dramatic implications in view of a possible clinical translation. In several circumstances, assumptions on structure-activity relationships have failed in determining the expected responses of these complex systems in a biological environment. The present Review depicts the most recent advances about colloidal nanoparticles designed for use as tools for cellular nanobiotechnology, in particular, for the preferential transport through different target compartments, including cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, and nucleus. Besides the conventional entry mechanisms based on crossing the cellular membrane, an insight into modern physical approaches to quantitatively deliver nanomaterials inside cells, such as microinjection and electro-poration, is provided. Recent hypotheses on how the nanoparticle structure and functionalization may affect the interactions at the nano-bio interface, which in turn mediate the nanoparticle internalization routes, are highlighted. In addition, some hurdles when this small interface faces the physiological environment and how this phenomenon can turn into different unexpected responses, are discussed. Finally, possible future developments oriented to synergistically tailor biological and chemical properties of nanoconjugates to improve the control over nanoparticle transport, which could open new scenarios in the field of nanomedicine, are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Verderio
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Svetlana Avvakumova
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “Luigi Sacco”; Università di Milano; Ospedale L. Sacco, via G. B. Grassi 74 20157 Milano Italy
| | - Giulia Alessio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “Luigi Sacco”; Università di Milano; Ospedale L. Sacco, via G. B. Grassi 74 20157 Milano Italy
| | - Michela Bellini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Miriam Colombo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Elisabetta Galbiati
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Serena Mazzucchelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “Luigi Sacco”; Università di Milano; Ospedale L. Sacco, via G. B. Grassi 74 20157 Milano Italy
| | - Jesus Peñaranda Avila
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Benedetta Santini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Davide Prosperi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Clinical Biophotonics, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS; Via Capecelatro 66 20148 Milan Italy
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355
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Guerrero García GI, Olvera de la Cruz M. Polarization Effects of Dielectric Nanoparticles in Aqueous Charge-Asymmetric Electrolytes. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:8854-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5045173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Iván Guerrero García
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and ‡Department of
Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Monica Olvera de la Cruz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and ‡Department of
Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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356
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Glycosphingolipid-functionalized nanoparticles recapitulate CD169-dependent HIV-1 uptake and trafficking in dendritic cells. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4136. [PMID: 24947940 PMCID: PMC4109413 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganglioside GM3, a host-derived glycosphingolipid incorporated in the membrane of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) viral particles, mediates interactions between HIV-1 and Siglec1/CD169, a protein expressed on dendritic cells (DCs). Such interactions, which seem to be independent of viral envelope glycoprotein gp120, are poorly understood. Here we develop a model system consisting of self-assembled artificial virus nanoparticles (AVNs) that are free of viral glycoproteins or other host-derived glycolipids and glycoproteins. These plasmonic AVNs contain a membrane of defined composition wrapped around a solid metal core. GM3-containing AVNs are captured by CD169-expressing HeLa cells or mature DCs, and are sequestered within non-lysosomal tetraspanin-positive compartments. This distribution is reminiscent of CD169-dependent HIV-1 sequestration in mature DCs. Our results highlight GM3-CD169 binding as a gp120-independent signal for sequestration and preservation of HIV-1 infectivity. They also indicate that plasmonic AVNs offer improved features over liposome-based systems and represent a versatile tool for probing specific virus-cell interactions.
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357
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Peynshaert K, Manshian BB, Joris F, Braeckmans K, De Smedt SC, Demeester J, Soenen SJ. Exploiting Intrinsic Nanoparticle Toxicity: The Pros and Cons of Nanoparticle-Induced Autophagy in Biomedical Research. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7581-609. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400372p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bella B. Manshian
- Biomedical
MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Leuven, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Stefaan J. Soenen
- Biomedical
MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Leuven, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
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358
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Lepeltier E, Bourgaux C, Maksimenko A, Meneau F, Rosilio V, Sliwinski E, Zouhiri F, Desmaële D, Couvreur P. Self-assembly of polyisoprenoyl gemcitabine conjugates: influence of supramolecular organization on their biological activity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:6348-6357. [PMID: 24835925 DOI: 10.1021/la5007132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An amphiphilic prodrug of gemcitabine, a cytidine analogue used clinically against various tumors, had been previously synthesized by covalent coupling to squalene, a natural isoprenoid chain. The resulting bioconjugate self-assembled spontaneously in water as nanoparticles, displaying an impressive activity both in vitro and in vivo. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of the length of the isoprene moiety on the structure of the nanoparticles, in an attempt to establish a relationship between the chemical structure of the prodrug, its supramolecular organization, and its pharmacological activity. Remarkably, gemcitabine-squalene and gemcitabine-5-isoprenes, which differ only in the position of two methyl groups on the hydrophobic chain, displayed different supramolecular organizations and different anticancer activities on some cell lines. This difference in activity was related to the ability of nanoparticles to be internalized by cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Lepeltier
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Faculté de Pharmacie, l'Université Paris-Sud XI , 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France
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359
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Kah JCY, Grabinski C, Untener E, Garrett C, Chen J, Zhu D, Hussain SM, Hamad-Schifferli K. Protein coronas on gold nanorods passivated with amphiphilic ligands affect cytotoxicity and cellular response to penicillin/streptomycin. ACS NANO 2014; 8:4608-4620. [PMID: 24758495 DOI: 10.1021/nn5002886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We probe how amphiphilic ligands (ALs) of four different types affect the formation of protein coronas on gold nanorods (NRs) and their impact on cellular response. NRs coated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were ligand exchanged with polyoxyethylene[10]cetyl ether, oligofectamine, and phosphatidylserine (PS). Protein coronas from equine serum (ES) were formed on these NR-ALs, and their colloidal stability, as well as cell uptake, proliferation, oxidative stress, and gene expression, were examined. We find that the protein corona that forms and its colloidal stability are affected by AL type and that the cellular response to these NR-AL-coronas (NR-AL-ES) is both ligand and corona dependent. We also find that the presence of common cell culture supplement penicillin/streptomycin can impact the colloidal stability and cellular response of NR-AL and NR-AL-ES, showing that the cell response is not necessarily inert to pen/strep when in the presence of nanoparticles. Although the protein corona is what the cells see, the underlying surface ligands evidently play an important role in shaping and defining the physical characteristics of the corona, which ultimately impacts the cellular response. Further, the results of this study suggest that the cellular behavior toward NR-AL is mediated by not only the type of AL and the protein corona it forms but also its resulting colloidal stability and interaction with cell culture supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Chen Yong Kah
- Department of Biological Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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360
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Lepeltier E, Bourgaux C, Couvreur P. Nanoprecipitation and the "Ouzo effect": Application to drug delivery devices. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 71:86-97. [PMID: 24384372 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable nanocarriers such as lipid- or polymer-based nanoparticles can be designed to improve the efficacy and reduce the toxic side effects of drugs. Under appropriate conditions, nanoprecipitation of a hydrophobic compound solution in a non-solvent can generate a dispersion of nanoparticles with a narrow distribution of sizes without the use of surfactant ("Ouzo" effect). The aim of this review is to present the main parameters controlling the nucleation and growth of aggregates in a supersaturated solution and the characteristics of the obtained nanoparticles. The importance of the kinetics of mixing of the solution containing the hydrophobic compound and the non-solvent is highlighted. Illustrative examples of polymeric nanoparticles for drug delivery or terpenoid-based nanoprodrugs obtained by nanoprecipitation are reported.
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361
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Feng G, Ding D, Li K, Liu J, Liu B. Reversible photoswitching conjugated polymer nanoparticles for cell and ex vivo tumor imaging. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:4141-7. [PMID: 24604130 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr06663k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent photoswitchable conjugated polymer nanoparticles (PCPNPs) bearing poly(9,9-dihexylfluorene-alt-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole) (PFBD) as the fluorescent host polymer and the photochromic diarylethene as toggle are synthesized via a modified nano-precipitation method using 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPE-PEG-NH₂) as the encapsulation matrix. The PCPNPs are spherical in shape with diameters around 34 nm. The fluorescence switching processes upon UV and white light illumination are successfully demonstrated with high contrast up to 90-fold, recovery efficiency of 95%, and excellent repeatability in solution. The cationic PCPNPs can be easily internalized into cancer cells, and accumulate in tumor tissues, where the fluorescence photoswitching processes can be used to self-validate the imaging results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxue Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
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362
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Rodriguez-Lorenzo L, Fytianos K, Blank F, von Garnier C, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Petri-Fink A. Fluorescence-encoded gold nanoparticles: library design and modulation of cellular uptake into dendritic cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:1341-1350. [PMID: 24482355 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201302889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In order to harness the unique properties of nanoparticles for novel clinical applications and to modulate their uptake into specific immune cells we designed a new library of homo- and hetero-functional fluorescence-encoded gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) using different poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(ethylene glycol)-based polymers for particle coating and stabilization. The encoded particles were fully characterized by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, zeta potential and dynamic light scattering. The uptake by human monocyte derived dendritic cells in vitro was studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy and quantified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. We show how the chemical modification of particle surfaces, for instance by attaching fluorescent dyes, can conceal fundamental particle properties and modulate cellular uptake. In order to mask the influence of fluorescent dyes on cellular uptake while still exploiting its fluorescence for detection, we have created hetero-functionalized Au-NPs, which again show typical particle dependent cellular interactions. Our study clearly prove that the thorough characterization of nanoparticles at each modification step in the engineering process is absolutely essential and that it can be necessary to make substantial adjustments of the particles in order to obtain reliable cellular uptake data, which truly reflects particle properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rodriguez-Lorenzo
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Route de l'Ancienne Papeterie, P.O. Box 209, Marly 1723, (Switzerland)
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363
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Favretto ME, Wallbrecher R, Schmidt S, van de Putte R, Brock R. Glycosaminoglycans in the cellular uptake of drug delivery vectors – Bystanders or active players? J Control Release 2014; 180:81-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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364
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Walkey CD, Olsen JB, Song F, Liu R, Guo H, Olsen DWH, Cohen Y, Emili A, Chan WCW. Protein corona fingerprinting predicts the cellular interaction of gold and silver nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2014; 8:2439-55. [PMID: 24517450 DOI: 10.1021/nn406018q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 567] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Using quantitative models to predict the biological interactions of nanoparticles will accelerate the translation of nanotechnology. Here, we characterized the serum protein corona 'fingerprint' formed around a library of 105 surface-modified gold nanoparticles. Applying a bioinformatics-inspired approach, we developed a multivariate model that uses the protein corona fingerprint to predict cell association 50% more accurately than a model that uses parameters describing nanoparticle size, aggregation state, and surface charge. Our model implicates a set of hyaluronan-binding proteins as mediators of nanoparticle-cell interactions. This study establishes a framework for developing a comprehensive database of protein corona fingerprints and biological responses for multiple nanoparticle types. Such a database can be used to develop quantitative relationships that predict the biological responses to nanoparticles and will aid in uncovering the fundamental mechanisms of nano-bio interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl D Walkey
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, ‡Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, §Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, ⊥Department of Chemical Engineering, ∥Department of Chemistry, #Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9
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365
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Paula AJ, Silveira CP, Martinez DST, Souza Filho AG, Romero FV, Fonseca LC, Tasic L, Alves OL, Durán N. Topography-driven bionano-interactions on colloidal silica nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:3437-3447. [PMID: 24524580 DOI: 10.1021/am405594q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report here that the surface topography of colloidal mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) plays a key role on their bionano-interactions by driving the adsorption of biomolecules on the nanoparticle through a matching mechanism between the surface cavities characteristics and the biomolecules stereochemistry. This conclusion was drawn by analyzing the biophysicochemical properties of colloidal MSNs in the presence of single biomolecules, such as alginate or bovine serum albumin (BSA), as well as dispersed in a complex biofluid, such as human blood plasma. When dispersed in phosphate buffered saline media containing alginate or BSA, monodisperse spherical MSNs interact with linear biopolymers such as alginate and with a globular protein such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) independently of the surface charge sign (i.e. positive or negative), thus leading to a decrease in the surface energy and to the colloidal stabilization of these nanoparticles. In contrast, silica nanoparticles with irregular surface topographies are not colloidally stabilized in the presence of alginate but they are electrosterically stabilized by BSA through a sorption mechanism that implies reversible conformation changes of the protein, as evidenced by circular dichroism (CD). The match between the biomolecule size and stereochemistry with the nanoparticle surface cavities characteristics reflects on the nanoparticle surface area that is accessible for each biomolecule to interact and stabilize any non-rigid nanoparticles. On the other hand, in contact with variety of biomolecules such as those present in blood plasma (55%), MSNs are colloidally stabilized regardless of the topography and surface charge, although the identity of the protein corona responsible for this stabilization is influenced by the surface topography and surface charge. Therefore, the biofluid in which nanoparticles are introduced plays an important role on their physicochemical behavior synergistically with their inherent characteristics (e.g., surface topography).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amauri J Paula
- Department of Physics, Universidade Federal do Ceará , P.O. Box 6030, 60455-900, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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366
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Shang L, Nienhaus K, Nienhaus GU. Engineered nanoparticles interacting with cells: size matters. J Nanobiotechnology 2014; 12:5. [PMID: 24491160 PMCID: PMC3922601 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-12-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 787] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid advancement of nanoscience and nanotechnology, detailed knowledge of interactions between engineered nanomaterials and cells, tissues and organisms has become increasingly important, especially in regard to possible hazards to human health. This review intends to give an overview of current research on nano-bio interactions, with a focus on the effects of NP size on their interactions with live cells. We summarize common techniques to characterize NP size, highlight recent work on the impact of NP size on active and passive cellular internalization and intracellular localization. Cytotoxic effects are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics and Center for Functional Nanostructures (CFN), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Strasse 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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367
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Kreyling WG, Hirn S, Möller W, Schleh C, Wenk A, Celik G, Lipka J, Schäffler M, Haberl N, Johnston BD, Sperling R, Schmid G, Simon U, Parak WJ, Semmler-Behnke M. Air-blood barrier translocation of tracheally instilled gold nanoparticles inversely depends on particle size. ACS NANO 2014; 8:222-33. [PMID: 24364563 PMCID: PMC3960853 DOI: 10.1021/nn403256v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) provide many opportunities in imaging, diagnostics, and therapy in nanomedicine. For the assessment of AuNP biokinetics, we intratracheally instilled into rats a suite of (198)Au-radio-labeled monodisperse, well-characterized, negatively charged AuNP of five different sizes (1.4, 2.8, 5, 18, 80, 200 nm) and 2.8 nm AuNP with positive surface charges. At 1, 3, and 24 h, the biodistribution of the AuNP was quantitatively measured by gamma-spectrometry to be used for comprehensive risk assessment. Our study shows that as AuNP get smaller, they are more likely to cross the air-blood barrier (ABB) depending strongly on the inverse diameter d(-1) of their gold core, i.e., their specific surface area (SSA). So, 1.4 nm AuNP (highest SSA) translocated most, while 80 nm AuNP (lowest SSA) translocated least, but 200 nm particles did not follow the d(-1) relation translocating significantly higher than 80 nm AuNP. However, relative to the AuNP that had crossed the ABB, their retention in most of the secondary organs and tissues was SSA-independent. Only renal filtration, retention in blood, and excretion via urine further declined with d(-1) of AuNP core. Translocation of 5, 18, and 80 nm AuNP is virtually complete after 1 h, while 1.4 nm AuNP continue to translocate until 3 h. Translocation of negatively charged 2.8 nm AuNP was significantly higher than for positively charged 2.8 nm AuNP. Our study shows that translocation across the ABB and accumulation and retention in secondary organs and tissues are two distinct processes, both depending specifically on particle characteristics such as SSA and surface charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang G Kreyling
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
- Corresponding Author. Wolfgang G. Kreyling, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany, Tel.: +49/(0)89-2351 4817,
| | - Stephanie Hirn
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Winfried Möller
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Schleh
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Wenk
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Gülnaz Celik
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Lipka
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Schäffler
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Nadine Haberl
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Blair D Johnston
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Ralph Sperling
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Günter Schmid
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Simon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Manuela Semmler-Behnke
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
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368
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Collin B, Oostveen E, Tsyusko OV, Unrine JM. Influence of natural organic matter and surface charge on the toxicity and bioaccumulation of functionalized ceria nanoparticles in Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:1280-9. [PMID: 24372151 DOI: 10.1021/es404503c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the role of the CeO2 nanoparticle (NP) surface charge and the presence of natural organic matter (NOM) in determining bioavailability and toxicity to the model soil organism Caenorhabditis elegans. We synthesized CeO2-NPs functionalized with positively charged, negatively charged, and neutral coatings. The positively charged CeO2-NPs were significantly more toxic to C. elegans and bioaccumulated to a greater extent than the neutral and negatively charged CeO2-NPs. Surface charge also affected the oxidation state of Ce in C. elegans tissues after uptake. Greater reduction of Ce from Ce (IV) to Ce (III) was found in C. elegans, when exposed to the neutral and negatively charged relative to positively charged CeO2-NPs. The addition of humic acid (HA) to the exposure media significantly decreased the toxicity of CeO2-NPs, and the ratio of CeO2-NPs to HA influenced Ce bioaccumulation. When the concentration of HA was higher than the CeO2-NP concentration, Ce bioaccumulation decreased. These results suggest that the nature of the pristine coatings as a determinant of hazard may be greatly reduced once CeO2-NPs enter the environment and are coated with NOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanche Collin
- University of Kentucky , Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Lexington Kentucky 40546, United States
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369
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Shang L, Nienhaus K, Jiang X, Yang L, Landfester K, Mailänder V, Simmet T, Nienhaus GU. Nanoparticle interactions with live cells: Quantitative fluorescence microscopy of nanoparticle size effects. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:2388-97. [PMID: 25551067 PMCID: PMC4273230 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials are known to enter human cells, often via active endocytosis. Mechanistic details of the interactions between nanoparticles (NPs) with cells are still not well enough understood. NP size is a key parameter that controls the endocytic mechanism and affects the cellular uptake yield. Therefore, we have systematically analyzed the cellular uptake of fluorescent NPs in the size range of 3.3-100 nm (diameter) by live cells. By using spinning disk confocal microscopy in combination with quantitative image analysis, we studied the time courses of NP association with the cell membrane and subsequent internalization. NPs with diameters of less than 10 nm were observed to accumulate at the plasma membrane before being internalized by the cells. In contrast, larger NPs (100 nm) were directly internalized without prior accumulation at the plasma membrane, regardless of their surface charges. We attribute this distinct size dependence to the requirement of a sufficiently strong local interaction of the NPs with the endocytic machinery in order to trigger the subsequent internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shang
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Karin Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Xiue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Linxiao Yang
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas Simmet
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products & Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - G Ulrich Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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370
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Gunawan C, Lim M, Marquis CP, Amal R. Nanoparticle–protein corona complexes govern the biological fates and functions of nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:2060-2083. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21526a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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371
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Yan Y, Gause KT, Kamphuis MMJ, Ang CS, O'Brien-Simpson NM, Lenzo JC, Reynolds EC, Nice EC, Caruso F. Differential roles of the protein corona in the cellular uptake of nanoporous polymer particles by monocyte and macrophage cell lines. ACS NANO 2013; 7:10960-70. [PMID: 24256422 DOI: 10.1021/nn404481f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Many biomolecules, mainly proteins, adsorb onto polymer particles to form a dynamic protein corona in biological environments. The protein corona can significantly influence particle-cell interactions, including internalization and pathway activation. In this work, we demonstrate the differential roles of a given protein corona formed in cell culture media in particle uptake by monocytes and macrophages. By exposing disulfide-stabilized poly(methacrylic acid) nanoporous polymer particles (PMASH NPPs) to complete cell growth media containing 10% fetal bovine serum, a protein corona, with the most abundant component being bovine serum albumin, was characterized. Upon adsorption onto the PMASH NPPs, native bovine serum albumin (BSA) was found to undergo conformational changes. The denatured BSA led to a significant decrease in internalization efficiency in human monocytic cells, THP-1, compared with the bare particles, due to reduced cell membrane adhesion. In contrast, the unfolded BSA on the NPPs triggered class A scavenger receptor-mediated phagocytosis in differentiated macrophage-like cells (dTHP-1) without a significant impact on the overall internalization efficiency. Taken together, this work demonstrates the disparate effects of a given protein corona on particle-cell interactions, highlighting the correlation between protein corona conformation in situ and relevant biological characteristics for biological functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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372
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Composite Conjugated Polymer/Fullerene Nanoparticles as Sensitizers in Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer. BIONANOSCIENCE 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-013-0114-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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373
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Lepeltier E, Bourgaux C, Rosilio V, Poupaert JH, Meneau F, Zouhiri F, Lepêtre-Mouelhi S, Desmaële D, Couvreur P. Self-assembly of squalene-based nucleolipids: relating the chemical structure of the bioconjugates to the architecture of the nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:14795-803. [PMID: 24219056 DOI: 10.1021/la403338y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Squalene-based nucleolipids, including anticancer or antiviral prodrugs, gave rise to nanoparticles displaying a diversity of structures upon nanoprecipitation in water. Synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering and cryo-TEM imaging revealed that both the nature of the nucleoside and the position of the squalene moiety relative to the nucleobase determined the self-assembly of the corresponding bioconjugates. It was found that small chemical differences resulted in major differences in the self-organization of nucleolipids when squalene was grafted onto the nucleobase whereas only lamellar phases were observed when squalene was linked to the sugar moiety. The key role of hydrogen bonds between nucleobases in the formation of the lamellar phases was suggested, in agreement with molecular simulations. These findings provide a way to fine tune the supramolecular organization of squalene-based prodrugs, with the aim of improving their pharmacological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Lepeltier
- Univ. Paris-Sud XI, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR CNRS 8612-Institut Galien Paris-Sud , 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France
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374
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Taylor U, Barchanski A, Petersen S, Kues WA, Baulain U, Gamrad L, Sajti L, Barcikowski S, Rath D. Gold nanoparticles interfere with sperm functionality by membrane adsorption without penetration. Nanotoxicology 2013; 8 Suppl 1:118-27. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2013.859321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Taylor
- Department of Biotechnology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany,
| | - Annette Barchanski
- Nanotechnology Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hannover, Germany,
| | - Svea Petersen
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany, and
| | | | - Ulrich Baulain
- Department of Biotechnology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany,
| | - Lisa Gamrad
- Technical Chemistry I and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Laszlo Sajti
- Nanotechnology Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hannover, Germany,
| | - Stephan Barcikowski
- Technical Chemistry I and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Detlef Rath
- Department of Biotechnology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany,
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375
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Guerrero-García GI, González-Mozuelos P, Olvera de la Cruz M. Large counterions boost the solubility and renormalized charge of suspended nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2013; 7:9714-9723. [PMID: 24180597 DOI: 10.1021/nn404477b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal particles are ubiquitous in biology and in everyday products such as milk, cosmetics, lubricants, paints, or drugs. The stability and aggregation of colloidal suspensions are of paramount importance in nature and in diverse nanotechnological applications, including the fabrication of photonic materials and scaffolds for biological assemblies, gene therapy, diagnostics, targeted drug delivery, and molecular labeling. Electrolyte solutions have been extensively used to stabilize and direct the assembly of colloidal particles. In electrolytes, the effective electrostatic interactions among the suspended colloids can be changed over various length scales by tuning the ionic concentration. However, a major limitation is gelation or flocculation at high salt concentrations. This is explained by classical theories, which show that the electrostatic repulsion among charged colloids is significantly reduced at high electrolyte concentrations. As a result, these screened colloidal particles are expected to aggregate due to short-range attractive interactions or dispersion forces as the salt concentration increases. We discuss here a robust, tunable mechanism for colloidal stability by which large counterions prevent highly charged nanoparticles from aggregating in salt solutions with concentrations up to 1 M. Large counterions are shown to generate a thicker ionic cloud in the proximity of each charged colloid, which strengthens short-range repulsions among colloidal particles and also increases the corresponding renormalized colloidal charge perceived at larger separation distances. These effects thus provide a reliable stabilization mechanism in a broad range of biological and synthetic colloidal suspensions.
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376
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Dykman LA, Khlebtsov NG. Uptake of engineered gold nanoparticles into mammalian cells. Chem Rev 2013; 114:1258-88. [PMID: 24279480 DOI: 10.1021/cr300441a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lev A Dykman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia
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377
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Ouadah N, Doussineau T, Hamada T, Dugourd P, Bordes C, Antoine R. Correlation between the charge of polymer particles in solution and in the gas phase investigated by zeta-potential measurements and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:14074-14081. [PMID: 24144015 DOI: 10.1021/la403516y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between the effective charge of polymer nanoparticles (PNP) in solution and the charge states of ionized particles produced in the gas phase by electrospray ionization was investigated. Charge detection mass spectrometry was used to measure both the mass and charge of individual electrosprayed ions. The effective charges extracted from the measured zeta-potential of PNPs in solution are partially correlated with the average values of charge of PNPs in the gas phase. The correlation between the magnitude of charging of PNPs ions produced in the gas phase with the PNPs surface charge in solution demonstrates that the mass spectrometry-based analysis described in this work is an alternative and promising way for a fast and systematic characterization of charges on colloidal particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Ouadah
- Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon , 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
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378
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Wang L, Li J, Pan J, Jiang X, Ji Y, Li Y, Qu Y, Zhao Y, Wu X, Chen C. Revealing the binding structure of the protein corona on gold nanorods using synchrotron radiation-based techniques: understanding the reduced damage in cell membranes. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17359-68. [PMID: 24215358 DOI: 10.1021/ja406924v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Regarding the importance of the biological effects of nanomaterials, there is still limited knowledge about the binding structure and stability of the protein corona on nanomaterials and the subsequent impacts. Here we designed a hard serum albumin protein corona (BSA) on CTAB-coated gold nanorods (AuNRs) and captured the structure of protein adsorption using synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectroscopy, microbeam X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy, and circular dichroism in combination with molecular dynamics simulations. The protein adsorption is attributed to at least 12 Au-S bonds and the stable corona reduced the cytotoxicity of CTAB/AuNRs. These combined strategies using physical, chemical, and biological approaches will improve our understanding of the protective effects of protein coronas against the toxicity of nanomaterials. These findings have shed light on a new strategy for studying interactions between proteins and nanomaterials, and this information will help further guide the rational design of nanomaterials for safe and effective biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics , Beijing, China
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379
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Ostermann J, Merkl JP, Flessau S, Wolter C, Kornowksi A, Schmidtke C, Pietsch A, Kloust H, Feld A, Weller H. Controlling the physical and biological properties of highly fluorescent aqueous quantum dots using block copolymers of different size and shape. ACS NANO 2013; 7:9156-9167. [PMID: 24032605 DOI: 10.1021/nn4037859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The phase transfer of fluorescent CdSe based quantum dots (QDs) while retaining their properties and offering some advantages concerning the stability and functionalization characteristics is an important and intensively investigated field of research. Here we report how to tune and control the properties of CdSe/CdS/ZnS core-shell-shell QDs in water, using poly(isoprene-block-ethylene oxide) (PI-b-PEO) as a versatile system of amphiphilic diblock copolymers for the micellular encapsulation of nanoparticles (NPs). We show the synthesis of a novel PI-b-(PEO)2 miktoarm star polymer and how this different architecture besides the variation of the polymers' molecular weight gives us the opportunity to control the size of the built constructs in water between 24 and 53 nm. Because of this size control, an upper limit of the construct's diameter for the cellular uptake could be determined by a systemic study with human alveolar epithelial cells (A549) and murine macrophage leukemia cell (RAW-264.7). Furthermore, fluorescence quenching experiments with copper(II) and iron(III) ions show a strong influence of the used polymer on the shielding against these ions. This enables us to control the permeability of the polymer shell from very porous shells, which allow an almost complete cation exchange up to very dense shells. These even offer the possibility to perform copper(I) catalyzed click reactions while keeping the fluorescence of the QDs. All these results underline the huge variability and controllability of the PI-b-PEO diblock copolymer system for the encapsulation and functionalization of nanoparticles for biological applications. As a general trend, it can be stated that those coatings, which were most stable against quenchers, also showed the best resistivity with respect to unspecific cellular uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Ostermann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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380
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Tenzer S, Docter D, Kuharev J, Musyanovych A, Fetz V, Hecht R, Schlenk F, Fischer D, Kiouptsi K, Reinhardt C, Landfester K, Schild H, Maskos M, Knauer SK, Stauber RH. Rapid formation of plasma protein corona critically affects nanoparticle pathophysiology. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 8:772-81. [PMID: 24056901 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2013.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1497] [Impact Index Per Article: 136.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
In biological fluids, proteins bind to the surface of nanoparticles to form a coating known as the protein corona, which can critically affect the interaction of the nanoparticles with living systems. As physiological systems are highly dynamic, it is important to obtain a time-resolved knowledge of protein-corona formation, development and biological relevancy. Here we show that label-free snapshot proteomics can be used to obtain quantitative time-resolved profiles of human plasma coronas formed on silica and polystyrene nanoparticles of various size and surface functionalization. Complex time- and nanoparticle-specific coronas, which comprise almost 300 different proteins, were found to form rapidly (<0.5 minutes) and, over time, to change significantly in terms of the amount of bound protein, but not in composition. Rapid corona formation is found to affect haemolysis, thrombocyte activation, nanoparticle uptake and endothelial cell death at an early exposure time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Tenzer
- 1] Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany [2]
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381
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Falaschetti CA, Paunesku T, Kurepa J, Nanavati D, Chou SS, De M, Song M, Jang JT, Wu A, Dravid VP, Cheon J, Smalle J, Woloschak GE. Negatively charged metal oxide nanoparticles interact with the 20S proteasome and differentially modulate its biologic functional effects. ACS NANO 2013; 7:7759-7772. [PMID: 23930940 PMCID: PMC3946455 DOI: 10.1021/nn402416h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The multicatalytic ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) carries out proteolysis in a highly orchestrated way and regulates a large number of cellular processes. Deregulation of the UPS in many disorders has been documented. In some cases, such as carcinogenesis, elevated proteasome activity has been implicated in disease development, while the etiology of other diseases, such as neurodegeneration, includes decreased UPS activity. Therefore, agents that alter proteasome activity could suppress as well as enhance a multitude of diseases. Metal oxide nanoparticles, often developed as diagnostic tools, have not previously been tested as modulators of proteasome activity. Here, several types of metal oxide nanoparticles were found to adsorb to the proteasome and show variable preferential binding for particular proteasome subunits with several peptide binding "hotspots" possible. These interactions depend on the size, charge, and concentration of the nanoparticles and affect proteasome activity in a time-dependent manner. Should metal oxide nanoparticles increase proteasome activity in cells, as they do in vitro, unintended effects related to changes in proteasome function can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A. Falaschetti
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tatjana Paunesku
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jasmina Kurepa
- University of Kentucky, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Dhaval Nanavati
- Northwestern University, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Proteomics Core, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Stanley S. Chou
- Northwestern University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Mrinmoy De
- Northwestern University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - MinHa Song
- Yonsei University, Department of Chemistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-tak Jang
- Yonsei University, Department of Chemistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Division of Functional Materials and Nano-Devices, Ningbo, China
| | - Vinayak P. Dravid
- Northwestern University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Jinwoo Cheon
- Yonsei University, Department of Chemistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jan Smalle
- University of Kentucky, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Gayle E. Woloschak
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Chicago, IL, United States
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382
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Mahmoudi M, Abdelmonem AM, Behzadi S, Clement JH, Dutz S, Ejtehadi MR, Hartmann R, Kantner K, Linne U, Maffre P, Metzler S, Moghadam MK, Pfeiffer C, Rezaei M, Ruiz-Lozano P, Serpooshan V, Shokrgozar MA, Nienhaus GU, Parak WJ. Temperature: the "ignored" factor at the NanoBio interface. ACS NANO 2013; 7:6555-62. [PMID: 23808533 DOI: 10.1021/nn305337c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Upon incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs) into the body, they are exposed to biological fluids, and their interaction with the dissolved biomolecules leads to the formation of the so-called protein corona on the surface of the NPs. The composition of the corona plays a crucial role in the biological fate of the NPs. While the effects of various physicochemical parameters on the composition of the corona have been explored in depth, the role of temperature upon its formation has received much less attention. In this work, we have probed the effect of temperature on the protein composition on the surface of a set of NPs with various surface chemistries and electric charges. Our results indicate that the degree of protein coverage and the composition of the adsorbed proteins on the NPs' surface depend on the temperature at which the protein corona is formed. Also, the uptake of NPs is affected by the temperature. Temperature is, thus, an important parameter that needs to be carefully controlled in quantitative studies of bionano interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Mahmoudi
- Nanotechnology Research Center and Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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383
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Fiandra L, Mazzucchelli S, De Palma C, Colombo M, Allevi R, Sommaruga S, Clementi E, Bellini M, Prosperi D, Corsi F. Assessing the in vivo targeting efficiency of multifunctional nanoconstructs bearing antibody-derived ligands. ACS NANO 2013; 7:6092-6102. [PMID: 23758591 DOI: 10.1021/nn4018922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A great challenge in nanodiagnostics is the identification of new strategies aimed to optimize the detection of primary breast cancer and metastases by the employment of target-specific nanodevices. At present, controversial proof has been provided on the actual importance of surface functionalization of nanoparticles to improve their in vivo localization at the tumor. In the present paper, we have designed and developed a set of multifunctional nanoprobes, modified with three different variants of a model antibody, that is, the humanized monocolonal antibody trastuzumab (TZ), able to selectively target the HER2 receptor in breast cancer cells. Assuming that nanoparticle accumulation in target cells is strictly related to their physicochemical properties, we performed a comparative study of internalization, trafficking, and metabolism in MCF7 cells of multifunctional nanoparticles (MNP) functionalized with TZ or with alternative lower molecular weight variants of the monoclonal antibody, such as the half-chain (HC) and scFv fragments (scFv). Hence, to estimate to what extent the structure of the surface bioligand affects the targeting efficiency of the nanoconjugate, three cognate nanoconstructs were designed, in which only the antibody form was differentiated while the nanoparticle core was maintained unvaried, consisting of an iron oxide spherical nanocrystal coated with an amphiphilic polymer shell. In vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo analyses of the targeting efficiency and of the intracellular fate of MNP-TZ, MNP-HC, and MNP-scFv suggested that the highly stable MNP-HC is the best candidate for application in breast cancer detection. Our results provided evidence that, in this case, active targeting plays an important role in determining the biological activity of the nanoconstruct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Fiandra
- Ospedale L. Sacco, via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
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384
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Hashimoto M, Toshima H, Yonezawa T, Kawai K, Narushima T, Kaga M, Endo K. Responses of RAW264.7 macrophages to water-dispersible gold and silver nanoparticles stabilized by metal-carbon σ-bonds. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:1838-49. [PMID: 23784947 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Revised: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nanometals are currently receiving considerable attention for industrial and biomedical applications, but their potentially hazardous and toxic effects have not been extensively studied. This study evaluated the biological responses of novel water-dispersible gold (Au-NPs) and silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) stabilized by Au-C or Ag-C σ-bonds in cultured macrophages (RAW264.7), via analysis of the cell viability, the integrity of the plasma membrane, and the inflammatory and morphological properties. The cultured RAW264.7 was exposed to metal-NPs at various concentrations. The Ag-NPs showed cytotoxicity at high NP concentrations, but the cytotoxic effects of the Au-NPs were smaller than those of the Ag-NPs. For the microscopic analysis, both types of particles were internalized into cells, the morphological changes in the cells which manifested as an expansion of the vesicles' volume, were smaller for the Au-NPs compared with the Ag-NPs. For the Ag-NPs, the endocytosis abilities of the macrophages might have induced harmful effects, because of the expansion of the cell vesicles. Although an inflammatory response was observed for both the Au- and Ag-NPs, the harmful effects of the Au-NPs were smaller than those of the Ag-NPs, with minor morphological changes observed even after internalization of the NPs into the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Hashimoto
- Division of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, 061-0293, Japan
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385
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Gottstein C, Wu G, Wong BJ, Zasadzinski JA. Precise quantification of nanoparticle internalization. ACS NANO 2013; 7:4933-45. [PMID: 23706031 PMCID: PMC3767576 DOI: 10.1021/nn400243d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have opened new exciting avenues for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications in human disease, and targeted nanoparticles are increasingly used as specific drug delivery vehicles. The precise quantification of nanoparticle internalization is of importance to measure the impact of physical and chemical properties on the uptake of nanoparticles into target cells or into cells responsible for rapid clearance. Internalization of nanoparticles has been measured by various techniques, but comparability of data between different laboratories is impeded by lack of a generally accepted standardized assay. Furthermore, the distinction between associated and internalized particles has been a challenge for many years, although this distinction is critical for most research questions. Previously used methods to verify intracellular location are typically not quantitative and do not lend themselves to high-throughput analysis. Here, we developed a mathematical model which integrates the data from high-throughput flow cytometry measurements with data from quantitative confocal microscopy. The generic method described here will be a useful tool in biomedical nanotechnology studies. The method was then applied to measure the impact of surface coatings of vesosomes on their internalization by cells of the reticuloendothelial system (RES). RES cells are responsible for rapid clearance of nanoparticles, and the resulting fast blood clearance is one of the major challenges in biomedical applications of nanoparticles. Coating of vesosomes with long chain polyethylene glycol showed a trend for lower internalization by RES cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Gottstein
- Department of Chemical Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-6105, USA.
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386
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Pombo-García K, Zarschler K, Barreto JA, Hesse J, Spiccia L, Graham B, Stephan H. Design, synthesis, characterisation and in vitro studies of hydrophilic, colloidally stable, 64Cu(ii)-labelled, ultra-small iron oxide nanoparticles in a range of human cell lines. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43726d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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387
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Nanoscopic Agents in a Physiological Environment: The Importance of Understanding Their Characteristics. TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/7355_2013_36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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