351
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Yim H, Park W, Kim D, Fahmy TM, Na K. A self-assembled polymeric micellar immunomodulator for cancer treatment based on cationic amphiphilic polymers. Biomaterials 2014; 35:9912-9919. [PMID: 25239044 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report a self-assembled polymeric micellar immunomodulator (SPI) for enhanced cancer treatment based on cationic amphiphilic polymers. To obtain the cationic amphiphilic polymer, the hydrophobic all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) was conjugated with a hydrophilic low-molecular-weight PEI (LowPEI, Mn = 1.8 kDa). The ATRA-LowPEI conjugates could self-assemble in aqueous media, forming micelles with a strong positive charge (∼+40 mV) and particle sizes of ~70 nm. Compared to conventional therapeutic agents (e.g., cisplatin), the SPI exhibited enhanced anti-cancer activity regardless of drug resistance. After mechanistic in vitro cell death studies, we revealed that the mechanical disruptive force generated by the cationic charge of SPI primarily induced necrotic cell death. Furthermore, the organelle fragments induced by the necrotic cell death triggered antitumoral immune responses. Therefore, SPI induced synergistic effects of the cationic charge-induced necrosis and antitumoral immune responses could produce an effective cancer treatment. In addition, the SPI was shielded by hyaluronic acid (HA/SPI complex) to enhance its tumor selectivity in vivo. Finally, the HA/SPI complex accumulated selectively into tumor sites after systemic administration into tumor-bearing mice, exhibiting effective antitumoral effects without systemic toxicity. Therefore, this technology holds great potential for translation into a clinical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeona Yim
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi do 420-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooram Park
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi do 420-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, 55 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Tarek M Fahmy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, 55 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, 55 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Kun Na
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi do 420-743, Republic of Korea.
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352
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Mitragotri S, Burke PA, Langer R. Overcoming the challenges in administering biopharmaceuticals: formulation and delivery strategies. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2014; 13:655-72. [PMID: 25103255 PMCID: PMC4455970 DOI: 10.1038/nrd4363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1048] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The formulation and delivery of biopharmaceutical drugs, such as monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins, poses substantial challenges owing to their large size and susceptibility to degradation. In this Review we highlight recent advances in formulation and delivery strategies--such as the use of microsphere-based controlled-release technologies, protein modification methods that make use of polyethylene glycol and other polymers, and genetic manipulation of biopharmaceutical drugs--and discuss their advantages and limitations. We also highlight current and emerging delivery routes that provide an alternative to injection, including transdermal, oral and pulmonary delivery routes. In addition, the potential of targeted and intracellular protein delivery is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Mitragotri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 92106, USA
| | - Paul A Burke
- Burke Bioventures LLC, 277 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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353
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Ling D, Xia H, Park W, Hackett MJ, Song C, Na K, Hui KM, Hyeon T. pH-sensitive nanoformulated triptolide as a targeted therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma. ACS NANO 2014; 8:8027-39. [PMID: 25093274 DOI: 10.1021/nn502074x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has one of the worst prognoses for survival as it is poorly responsive to both conventional chemotherapy and mechanism-directed therapy. This results from a lack of therapeutic concentration in the tumor tissue coupled with the highly toxic off-site effects exhibited by these compounds. Consequently, we believe the best packaging for holistic therapy for HCC will involve three components: a potent therapeutic, a rationally designed drug delivery vehicle to enrich the target site concentration of the drug, and a surface ligand that can enable a greater propensity to internalization by tumor cells compared to the parenchyma. We screened a library containing hundreds of compounds against a panel of HCC cells and found the natural product, triptolide, to be more effective than sorafenib, doxorubicin, and daunorubicin, which are the current standards of therapy. However, the potential clinical application of triptolide is limited due to its poor solubility and high toxicity. Consequently, we synthesized tumor pH-sensitive nanoformulated triptolide coated with folate for use in an HCC-subpopulation that overexpresses the folate receptor. Our results show triptolide itself can prevent disease progression, but at the cost of significant toxicity. Conversely, our pH-sensitive nanoformulated triptolide facilitates uptake into the tumor, and specifically tumor cells, leading to a further increase in efficacy while mitigating systemic toxicity.
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354
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Alvarez M, Bouchlaka MN, Sckisel GD, Sungur CM, Chen M, Murphy WJ. Increased antitumor effects using IL-2 with anti-TGF-β reveals competition between mouse NK and CD8 T cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:1709-16. [PMID: 25000978 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Because of increasing interest in the removal of immunosuppressive pathways in cancer, the combination of IL-2 with Abs to neutralize TGF-β, a potent immunosuppressive cytokine, was assessed. Combination immunotherapy resulted in significantly greater antitumor effects. These were correlated with significant increases in the numbers and functionality of NK cells, NK cell progenitors, and activated CD8 T cells, resulting in the observed antitumor effects. Combination immunotherapy also was accompanied by lesser toxicities than was IL-2 therapy alone. Additionally, we observed a dual competition between NK cells and activated CD8 T cells such that, after immunotherapy, the depletion of either effector population resulted in the increased total expansion of the other population and compensatory antitumor effects. This study demonstrates the efficacy of this combination immunotherapeutic regimen as a promising cancer therapy and illustrates the existence of potent competitive regulatory pathways between NK cells and CD8 T cells in response to systemic activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maite Alvarez
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817
| | - Myriam N Bouchlaka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557
| | - Gail D Sckisel
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817
| | - Can M Sungur
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817
| | - Mingyi Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817; and
| | - William J Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817
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355
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Eggermont LJ, Paulis LE, Tel J, Figdor CG. Towards efficient cancer immunotherapy: advances in developing artificial antigen-presenting cells. Trends Biotechnol 2014; 32:456-65. [PMID: 24998519 PMCID: PMC4154451 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Active immunotherapy is promising for the development of potent cancer therapeutics. Various types of artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) may be used as ‘off-the-shelf’ products to induce antigen-specific T cell activation both ex vivo and in vivo. Size, shape, cytokine delivery mechanism, ligand composition, ligand mobility, and ligand positioning on aAPCs all have significant effects on T cell activation, and therefore should be taken into account when designing novel constructs.
Active anti-cancer immune responses depend on efficient presentation of tumor antigens and co-stimulatory signals by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Therapy with autologous natural APCs is costly and time-consuming and results in variable outcomes in clinical trials. Therefore, development of artificial APCs (aAPCs) has attracted significant interest as an alternative. We discuss the characteristics of various types of acellular aAPCs, and their clinical potential in cancer immunotherapy. The size, shape, and ligand mobility of aAPCs and their presentation of different immunological signals can all have significant effects on cytotoxic T cell activation. Novel optimized aAPCs, combining carefully tuned properties, may lead to efficient immunomodulation and improved clinical responses in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loek J Eggermont
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie E Paulis
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jurjen Tel
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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356
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Park KS, Shin SW, Choi JW, Um SH. Specific protein markers for stem cell cross-talk with neighboring cells in the environment. Int J Stem Cells 2014; 6:75-86. [PMID: 24386551 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc.2013.6.2.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A stem cell interacts with the neighboring cells in its environment. To maintain a living organism's metabolism, either cell-cell or cell-environment interactions may be significant. Usually, these cells communicate with each other through biological signaling by interactive behaviors of primary proteins or complementary chemicals. The signaling intermediates offer the stem cell's functionality on its metabolism. With the rapid advent of omics technologies, various specific markers by which stem cells cooperate with their surroundings have been discovered and established. In this article, we review several stem cell markers used to communicate with either cancer or immune cells in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Soo Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Won Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon
| | - Jeong-Woo Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Sogang University, Seoul, Korea ; Graduate School of Management of Technology, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soong Ho Um
- School of Chemical Engineering and Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon ; SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon
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357
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Lee JY, Kim JS, Cho HJ, Kim DD. Poly(styrene)-b-poly(DL-lactide) copolymer-based nanoparticles for anticancer drug delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:2803-13. [PMID: 24940058 PMCID: PMC4051715 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s62806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(styrene)-b-poly(DL-lactide) (PS-PDLLA) copolymer-based nanoparticles (NPs) of a narrow size distribution, negative zeta potential, and spherical shape were fabricated for the delivery of docetaxel (DCT). The particle size was consistently maintained in serum for 24 hours and a sustained drug release pattern was observed for 10 days in the tested formulations. The cytotoxicity of the developed blank NPs was negligible in prostate cancer (PC-3) cells. Cellular uptake and distribution of the constructed NPs containing a hydrophobic fluorescent dye was monitored by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) for 24 hours. Anti-tumor efficacy of the PS-PDLLA/DCT NPs in PC-3 cells was significantly more potent than that of the group treated with commercially available DCT, Taxotere (P<0.05). Blood biochemistry tests showed that no serious toxicity was observed with the blank NPs in the liver and kidney. In a pharmacokinetic study of DCT in rats, in vivo clearance of PS-PDLLA/DCT NPs decreased while the half-life in blood increased compared to the Taxotere-treated group (P<0.05). The PS-PDLLA NPs are expected to be a biocompatible and efficient nano-delivery system for anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Sun Kim
- Division of Health Sciences, Dongseo University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Duk Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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358
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van der Weijden J, Paulis LE, Verdoes M, van Hest JCM, Figdor CG. The right touch: design of artificial antigen-presenting cells to stimulate the immune system. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01112k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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359
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Sheen MR, Lizotte PH, Toraya-Brown S, Fiering S. Stimulating antitumor immunity with nanoparticles. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 6:496-505. [PMID: 25069691 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A variety of strategies, have been applied to cancer treatment and the most recent one to become prominent is immunotherapy. This interest has been fostered by the demonstration that the immune system does recognize and often eliminate small tumors but tumors that become clinical problems block antitumor immune responses with immunosuppression orchestrated by the tumor cells. Methods to reverse this tumor-mediated immunosuppression will improve cancer immunotherapy outcomes. The immunostimulatory potential of nanoparticles (NPs), holds promise for cancer treatment. Phagocytes of various types are an important component of both immunosuppression and immunostimulation and phagocytes actively take up NPs of various sorts, so NPs are a natural system to manipulate these key immune regulatory cells. NPs can be engineered with multiple useful therapeutic features, such as various payloads such as antigens and/or immunomodulatory agents including cytokines, ligands for immunostimulatory receptors or antagonists for immunosuppressive receptors. As more is learned about how tumors suppress antitumor immune responses the payload options expand further. Here we review multiple approaches of NP-based cancer therapies to modify the tumor microenvironment and stimulate innate and adaptive immune systems to obtain effective antitumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee Rie Sheen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
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360
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Yeh YC, Tang R, Mout R, Jeong Y, Rotello VM. Fabrication of multiresponsive bioactive nanocapsules through orthogonal self-assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:5137-41. [PMID: 24692293 PMCID: PMC4068418 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201400559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional self-assembled systems present platforms for fundamental research and practical applications as they provide tunability of structure, functionality, and stimuli responsiveness. Pragmatic structures for biological applications have multiple design requirements, including control of size, stability, and environmental response. Here we present the fabrication of multifunctional nanoparticle-stabilized capsules (NPSCs) by using a set of orthogonal supramolecular interactions. In these capsules, fluorescent proteins are attached to quantum dots through polyhistidine coordination. These anionic assemblies interact laterally with cationic gold nanoparticles that are anchored to the fatty acid core through guanidinium-carboxylate interactions. The lipophilic core then provides a reservoir for hydrophobic endosome-disrupting agents, thereby generating a system featuring stimuli-responsive release of a payload into the cytosol with fluorescence monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheun Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA, Tel: (+1) 413-545-2058
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA, Tel: (+1) 413-545-2058
| | - Rubul Mout
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA, Tel: (+1) 413-545-2058
| | - Youngdo Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA, Tel: (+1) 413-545-2058
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA, Tel: (+1) 413-545-2058
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361
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Purwada A, Roy K, Singh A. Engineering vaccines and niches for immune modulation. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:1728-40. [PMID: 24373907 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Controlled modulation of immune response, especially the balance between immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive responses, is critical for a variety of clinical applications, including immunotherapies against cancer and infectious diseases, treatment of autoimmune disorders, transplant surgeries, regenerative medicine, prosthetic implants, etc. Our ability to precisely modify both innate and adaptive immune responses could provide new therapeutic directions in a variety of diseases. In the context of vaccines and immunotherapies, the interplay between antigen-presenting cells (e.g. dendritic cells and macrophages), B cells, T helper and killer subtypes, and regulatory T- and B-cell responses is critical for generating effective immunity against cancer, infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases. In recent years, immunoengineering has emerged as a new field that uses quantitative engineering tools to understand molecular-, cellular- and system-level interactions of the immune system and to develop design-driven approaches to control and modulate immune responses. Biomaterials are an integral part of this engineering toolbox and can exploit the intrinsic biological and mechanical cues of the immune system to directly modulate and train immune cells and direct their response to a particular phenotype. A large body of literature exists on strategies to evade or suppress the immune response in implants, transplantation and regenerative medicine. This review specifically focuses on the use of biomaterials for immunostimulation and controlled modulation, especially in the context of vaccines and immunotherapies against cancer, infectious diseases and autoimmune disorders. Bioengineering smart systems that can simultaneously deliver multiple bioactive agents in a controlled manner or can work as a niche for in situ priming and modulation of the immune system could significantly enhance the efficacy of next-generation immunotherapeutics. In this review, we describe our perspective on the important design aspects for the development of biomaterials that can actively modulate immune responses by stimulating receptor complexes and cells, and delivering multiple immunomodulatory biomolecules.
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362
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Yeh YC, Tang R, Mout R, Jeong Y, Rotello VM. Fabrication of Multiresponsive Bioactive Nanocapsules through Orthogonal Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201400559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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363
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Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) are accumulations of lymphoid cells in chronic inflammation that resemble LNs in their cellular content and organization, high endothelial venules, and lymphatic vessels (LVs). Although acute inflammation can result in defective LVs, TLO LVs appear to function normally in that they drain fluid and transport cells that respond to chemokines and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) gradients. Molecular regulation of TLO LVs differs from lymphangiogenesis in ontogeny with a dependence on cytokines and hematopoietic cells. Ongoing work to elucidate the function and molecular regulation of LVs in TLOs is providing insight into therapies for conditions as diverse as lymphedema, autoimmunity, and cancer.
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364
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365
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Liang Y, Kiick KL. Multifunctional lipid-coated polymer nanogels crosslinked by photo-triggered Michael-type addition. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01269g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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366
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Abstract
Nanoparticles have recently emerged as a promising class of carriers for the co-delivery of multiple drugs. Combination therapies of small-molecule drugs are common in clinical practice, and it is anticipated that packaging into single macromolecular carriers will enable drug release in precisely balanced ratios and rates and in selectively targeted tissues and cells. This vast level of pharmacological control is intriguing, especially from the perspective of tailoring personalized treatments with maximized therapeutic synergy for individual patients. Here, we discuss promising formulations and opportunities to employ advanced screening tools and new animal models of disease that can improve chances for successful clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Manish Kohli
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Andrew Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Prof. Andrew Smith, Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801. Phone: (217) 300-5638. Fax: (217) 265-0246.
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367
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Multifunctional nanoparticles for targeted delivery of immune activating and cancer therapeutic agents. J Control Release 2013; 172:1020-34. [PMID: 24140748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively investigated for applications in both experimental and clinical settings to improve delivery efficiency of therapeutic and diagnostic agents. Most recently, novel multifunctional nanoparticles have attracted much attention because of their ability to carry diverse functionalities to achieve effective synergistic therapeutic treatments. Multifunctional NPs have been designed to co-deliver multiple components, target the delivery of drugs by surface functionalization, and realize therapy and diagnosis simultaneously. In this review, various materials of diverse chemistries for fabricating multifunctional NPs with distinctive architectures are discussed and compared. Recent progress involving multifunctional NPs for immune activation, anticancer drug delivery, and synergistic theranostics is the focus of this review. Overall, this comprehensive review demonstrates that multifunctional NPs have distinctive properties that make them highly suitable for targeted therapeutic delivery in these areas.
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368
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Dayani Y, Malmstadt N. Liposomes with double-stranded DNA anchoring the bilayer to a hydrogel core. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:3380-5. [PMID: 24083513 PMCID: PMC3874235 DOI: 10.1021/bm401155a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes are important biomolecular nanostructures for handling membrane-associated molecules in the lab and delivering drugs in the clinic. In addition to their biomedical applications, they have been widely used as model cell membranes in biophysical studies. Here we present a liposome-based model membrane that mimics the attachment of membrane-resident molecules to the cytoskeleton. To facilitate this attachment, we have developed a lipid-based hybrid nanostructure in which the liposome bilayer membrane is covalently anchored to a biocompatible poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) hydrogel core using short double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) linkers. The dsDNA linkers connect cholesterol groups that reside in the bilayer to vinyl groups that are incorporated in the cross-linked hydrogel backbone. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) of intact and surfactant-treated nanoparticles confirms the formation of anchored hydrogel structures. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows ~100 nm nanoparticles even after removal of unanchored phospholipids. The location of dsDNA groups at the hydrogel-bilayer interface is confirmed with a fluorescence assay. Using DNA as a linker between the bilayer and a hydrogel core allows for temperature-dependent release of the anchoring interaction, produces polymer nanogels with addressible hybridization sites on their surface, and provides a prototype structure for potential future oligonucleotide drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Dayani
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Noah Malmstadt
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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369
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Raemdonck K, Braeckmans K, Demeester J, De Smedt SC. Merging the best of both worlds: hybrid lipid-enveloped matrix nanocomposites in drug delivery. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 43:444-72. [PMID: 24100581 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60299k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The advent of nanotechnology has revolutionized drug delivery in terms of improving drug efficacy and safety. Both polymer-based and lipid-based drug-loaded nanocarriers have demonstrated clinical benefit to date. However, to address the multifaceted drug delivery challenges ahead and further expand the spectrum of therapeutic applications, hybrid lipid-polymer nanocomposites have been designed to merge the beneficial features of both polymeric drug delivery systems and liposomes in a single nanocarrier. This review focuses on different classes of nanohybrids characterized by a drug-loaded polymeric matrix core enclosed in a lipid shell. Various nanoengineering approaches to obtain lipid-polymer nanocomposites with a core-shell nanoarchitecture will be discussed as well as their predominant applications in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Raemdonck
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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370
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Wang Y, Tu S, Pinchuk AN, Xiong MP. Active drug encapsulation and release kinetics from hydrogel-in-liposome nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 406:247-55. [PMID: 23809875 PMCID: PMC3717358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.05.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate for the first time the use of hydrogel-in-liposome nanoparticles (lipogels) as a promising drug delivery vehicle for the active encapsulation of the anticancer drug 17-DMAPG, a geldanamycin (GA) derivative. This model drug was chosen due to its improved aqueous solubility (4.6 mg/ml) compared to the parent GA (<0.01 mg/ml), and presence of a tertiary amine which readily protonates at low pH. For the design of lipogels, a PAA hydrogel core was formed inside liposomes through UV-initiated DEAP activation and polymerization of AA and BA. We have demonstrated here that electrostatic interactions between drug and gel are critical for active encapsulation and sustained release of 17-DMAPG. We found that optimal loading conditions could be obtained (88% loading efficiency) through control of pH, temperature and incubation time. Dramatic sustained drug release from lipogels was achieved independent of the external solution pH (ca. 54 h to 50% drug release) and confirmed that the lipid bilayer was intact in the presence of the gel core. In vitro cell culture studies revealed that at the highest concentration tested, which corresponded to approximately 0.4 mg/ml of material, lipogels did not exert cytotoxicity to cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2222 (U.S.A.)
| | - Sheng Tu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2222 (U.S.A.)
| | - Anatoly N. Pinchuk
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2222 (U.S.A.)
| | - May P. Xiong
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2222 (U.S.A.)
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371
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Cuprous oxide nanoparticles inhibit the growth and metastasis of melanoma by targeting mitochondria. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e783. [PMID: 23990023 PMCID: PMC3763466 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal and its oxide nanoparticles show ideal pharmacological activity, especially in anti-tumor therapy. Our previous study demonstrated that cuprous oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) selectively induce apoptosis of tumor cells in vitro. To explore the anti-tumor properties of CONPs in vivo, we used the particles to treat mouse subcutaneous melanoma and metastatic lung tumors, based on B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells, by intratumoral and systemic injections, respectively. The results showed that CONPs significantly reduced the growth of melanoma, inhibited the metastasis of B16-F10 cells and increased the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice. Importantly, the results also indicated that CONPs were rapidly cleared from the organs and that these particles exhibited little systemic toxicity. Furthermore, we observed that CONPs targeted the mitochondria, which resulted in the release of cytochrome C from the mitochondria and the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 after the CONPs entered the cells. In conclusion, CONPs can induce the apoptosis of cancer cells through a mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis pathway, which raises the possibility that CONPs could be used to cure melanoma and other cancers.
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372
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Devaud C, John LB, Westwood JA, Darcy PK, Kershaw MH. Immune modulation of the tumor microenvironment for enhancing cancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2013; 2:e25961. [PMID: 24083084 PMCID: PMC3782527 DOI: 10.4161/onci.25961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is much promise in the use of immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer. Approaches such as those using antibodies or adoptive cell transfer can mediate complete tumor regression in a proportion of patients. However, the tumor microenvironment can inhibit immune responses leading to ineffective or suboptimal responses of tumors to immunotherapy in the majority of cases. As our knowledge of the tumor microenvironment increases, many strategies are emerging for changing the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor toward a microenvironment able to support immunity. These strategies aim to enhance the ability of immunotherapies to initiate effective immune responses able to destroy tumors. In this article, we review approaches that use immunomodulators specifically to modify the tumor microenvironment, and their use in combination with other immune-based strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Devaud
- Cancer Immunology Research Program; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology; University of Melbourne; Parkville, VIC Australia
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373
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Raaijmakers MIG, Rozati S, Goldinger SM, Widmer DS, Dummer R, Levesque MP. Melanoma immunotherapy: historical precedents, recent successes and future prospects. Immunotherapy 2013; 5:169-82. [PMID: 23413908 DOI: 10.2217/imt.12.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The idea of cancer immunotherapy has been around for more than a century; however, the first immunotherapeutic ipilimumab, an anti-CTLA-4 antibody, has only recently been approved by the US FDA for melanoma. With an increasing understanding of the immune response, it is expected that more therapies will follow. This review aims to provide a general overview of immunotherapy in melanoma. We first explain the development of cancer immunotherapy more than a century ago and the general opinions about it over time. This is followed by a general overview of the immune reaction in order to give insight into the possible targets for therapy. Finally, we will discuss the current therapies for melanoma, their shortcomings and why it is important to develop patient stratification criteria. We conclude with an overview of recent discoveries and possible future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke I G Raaijmakers
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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374
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Park JS, Yang HN, Woo DG, Jeon SY, Park KH. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) nanogels for tracing and delivering genes to human mesenchymal stem cells. Biomaterials 2013; 34:8819-34. [PMID: 23937912 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.07.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Drugs, proteins, and cells can be macro- and micro-encapsulated by unique materials that respond to specific stimuli. The phases and hydrophobic interactions of these materials are reversibly altered by environmental stimuli such as pH and temperature. These changes can lead to self-assembly of the materials, which enables controlled drug release and safe gene delivery into cells and tissues. The fate of stem cells delivered by such methods is of great interest. The formation of transgenic tissues requires genes to be delivered safely into stem cells. A cell tracing vehicle and a gene delivery carrier were simultaneously introduced into human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). A thermo-sensitive hydrogel, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (p(NiPAAm-co-AAc)), was created to generate self-assembled nanoparticles with nanogel characteristics. Hydrophobic interactions mediated the binding of the carboxyl group on the outside of p(NiPAAm-co-AAc) with the amine group of iron oxide. Nanogels carrying iron oxide and a fluorescent dye were complexed with specific genes. These nanogels could be internalized by hMSCs, and the transplantation of these cells into mice was monitored by in vivo imaging. Self-assembled p(NiPAAm-co-dAAc) nanogels complexed with green fluorescent protein were highly expressed in hMSCs and are a potential material for gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sun Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, 3F, Yatap Acecore, 502 Yatap-dong Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
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375
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Zikich D, Schachter J, Besser MJ. Immunotherapy for the management of advanced melanoma: the next steps. Am J Clin Dermatol 2013; 14:261-72. [PMID: 23516145 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-013-0013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is an immunogenic tumor that can induce a natural immune response. A number of immunotherapy-based approaches have been developed over the past decades, and certain degrees of effectiveness were achieved by the use of cytokines, adoptive cell transfer and T-cell immune modulators. Currently, interleukin-2 and the immune stimulatory antibody, ipilimumab, are the only two approved immunotherapies for metastatic melanoma, but various new therapies are in promising developmental stages. This comprehensive review will discuss the latest achievements of immunotherapy and emerging directions for the management of advanced melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragoslav Zikich
- Ella Institute for Melanoma, Sheba Medical Center, 52621 Ramat-Gan, Israel
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376
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Ji T, Zhao Y, Ding Y, Nie G. Using functional nanomaterials to target and regulate the tumor microenvironment: diagnostic and therapeutic applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:3508-25. [PMID: 23703805 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201300299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Malignant tumors remain a major health burden throughout the world and effective therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Cancer nanotechnology, as an integrated platform, has the potential to dramatically improve cancer diagnosis, imaging, and therapy, while reducing the toxicity associated with the current approaches. Tumor microenvironment is an ensemble performance of various stromal cells and extracellular matrix. The recent progress in understanding the critical roles and the underlying mechanisms of the tumor microenvironment on tumor progression has resulted in emerging diagnostic and therapeutic nanomaterials designed and engineered specifically targeting the microenvironment components. Meanwhile, the bio-physicochemical differences between tumor and normal tissues have recently been exploited to achieve specific tumor-targeting for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Here, the major players in the tumor microenvironment and their biochemical properties, which can be utilized for the design of multifunctional nanomaterials with the potential to target and regulate this niche, are summarized. The recent progress in engineering intelligent and versatile nanomaterials for targeting and regulating the tumor microenvironment is emphasized. Although further investigations are required to develop robust methods for more specific tumor-targeting and well-controlled nanomaterials, the applications of tumor microenvironment regulation-based nanotechnology for safer and more effective anticancer nanomedicines have been proven successful and will eventually revolutionize the current landscape of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
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377
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Look M, Stern E, Wang QA, DiPlacido LD, Kashgarian M, Craft J, Fahmy TM. Nanogel-based delivery of mycophenolic acid ameliorates systemic lupus erythematosus in mice. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:1741-9. [PMID: 23454752 DOI: 10.1172/jci65907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to selectively inactivate immune cells with immunosuppressants is a much sought-after modality for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmunity in general. Here, we designed and tested a novel nanogel drug delivery vehicle for the immunosuppressant mycophenolic acid (MPA). Treatment with MPA-loaded nanogels increased the median survival time (MST) of lupus-prone NZB/W F1 mice by 3 months with prophylactic use (MST was 50 weeks versus 38 weeks without treatment), and by 2 months when administered after the development of severe renal damage (MST after proteinuria onset was 12.5 weeks versus 4 weeks without treatment). Equivalent and greater doses of MPA administered in buffer were not efficacious. Nanogels had enhanced biodistribution to organs and association with immune cells. CD4-targeted nanogels yielded similar therapeutic results compared with nontargeted formulations, with protection from glomerulonephritis and decreases in IFN-γ-positive CD4 T cells. DCs that internalized nanogels helped mediate immunosuppression, as they had reduced production of inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-12. Our results demonstrate efficacy of nanogel-based lupus therapy and implicate a mechanism by which immunosuppression is enhanced, in part, by the targeting of antigen-presenting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Look
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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378
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Perrot CY, Javelaud D, Mauviel A. Insights into the Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling Pathway in Cutaneous Melanoma. Ann Dermatol 2013; 25:135-44. [PMID: 23717002 PMCID: PMC3662904 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2013.25.2.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic growth factor with broad tissue distribution that plays critical roles during embryonic development, normal tissue homeostasis, and cancer. While its cytostatic activity on normal epithelial cells initially defined TGF-β signaling as a tumor suppressor pathway, there is ample evidence indicating that TGF-β is a potent pro-tumorigenic agent, acting via autocrine and paracrine mechanisms to promote peri-tumoral angiogenesis, together with tumor cell migration, immune escape, and dissemination to metastatic sites. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the implication of TGF-β signaling in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Yolande Perrot
- Institut Curie, Team "TGF-β and Oncogenesis", Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021 Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR 3347, Orsay, France
| | - Delphine Javelaud
- Institut Curie, Team "TGF-β and Oncogenesis", Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021 Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR 3347, Orsay, France
| | - Alain Mauviel
- Institut Curie, Team "TGF-β and Oncogenesis", Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021 Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR 3347, Orsay, France
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379
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Roberts RA, Shen T, Allen IC, Hasan W, DeSimone JM, Ting JPY. Analysis of the murine immune response to pulmonary delivery of precisely fabricated nano- and microscale particles. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62115. [PMID: 23593509 PMCID: PMC3625166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine has the potential to transform clinical care in the 21st century. However, a precise understanding of how nanomaterial design parameters such as size, shape and composition affect the mammalian immune system is a prerequisite for the realization of nanomedicine's translational promise. Herein, we make use of the recently developed Particle Replication in Non-wetting Template (PRINT) fabrication process to precisely fabricate particles across and the nano- and micro-scale with defined shapes and compositions to address the role of particle design parameters on the murine innate immune response in both in vitro and in vivo settings. We find that particles composed of either the biodegradable polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or the biocompatible polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG) do not cause release of pro-inflammatory cytokines nor inflammasome activation in bone marrow-derived macrophages. When instilled into the lungs of mice, particle composition and size can augment the number and type of innate immune cells recruited to the lungs without triggering inflammatory responses as assayed by cytokine release and histopathology. Smaller particles (80×320 nm) are more readily taken up in vivo by monocytes and macrophages than larger particles (6 µm diameter), yet particles of all tested sizes remained in the lungs for up to 7 days without clearance or triggering of host immunity. These results suggest rational design of nanoparticle physical parameters can be used for sustained and localized delivery of therapeutics to the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reid A. Roberts
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Tammy Shen
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Irving C. Allen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Warefta Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Joseph M. DeSimone
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Carolina Center of Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Institute for Advanced Materials, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Institute for Nanomedicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JPYT); (JMDS)
| | - Jenny P. Y. Ting
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JPYT); (JMDS)
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380
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Tan S, Li X, Guo Y, Zhang Z. Lipid-enveloped hybrid nanoparticles for drug delivery. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:860-872. [PMID: 23292080 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr32880a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology and material sciences have promoted the development of nanomedicine. Among the formulations developed, novel lipid-enveloped hybrid nanoparticles have attracted more attention because of their special structure, properties and clinical applicability. The hybrid nanoparticles are composed of a hydrophilic PEG shell, a nano-sized polymeric or inorganic core and a lipid mono- or bi-layer between the core and PEG shell. This kind of nanoparticle possesses both the characteristics of liposomes and nanoparticles which endows it with many advantages like long circulation, high drug loading efficiency, high stability and biocompatibility, controlled release properties, and drug cocktail delivery. This review describes the recent developments of lipid-enveloped hybrid nanoparticles in cancer treatment, including the fabrication methods, formulations and applications of these hybrid nanoparticles. We expect that the continuing development of lipid-based nanomedicine will greatly improve cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songwei Tan
- Tongji School of Pharmacy and National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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381
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Qiao ZY, Cheng J, Ji R, Du FS, Liang DH, Ji SP, Li ZC. Biocompatible acid-labile polymersomes from PEO-b-PVA derived amphiphilic block copolymers. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42824a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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382
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