351
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Yu M, Zhang X, Li H, Zhang P, Dong W. MicroRNA-588 is downregulated and may have prognostic and functional roles in human breast cancer. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:5690-5696. [PMID: 29187727 PMCID: PMC5719723 DOI: 10.12659/msm.905126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We explored the expression pattern, prognostic potential, and functional role of microRNA-588 (miR-588) in human breast cancer (BC). Material/Methods The expression pattern of miR-588 was assessed by qPCR in BC cell lines and human BC carcinomas. The correlations between miR-588 and BC patients’ clinicopathological characteristics, as well as BC patients’ overall survival, were statistically assessed. In in vitro culture, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were infected with lentivirus to overexpress endogenous miR-588. The subsequent effects of miR-588 upregulation on BC cell proliferation and cisplatin chemosensitivity were examined. Results miR-588 was found to be significantly downregulated in both BC cell lines and carcinoma tissues of BC patients. Low expression of miR-588 was closely correlated with BC patients’ poor prognosis of TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and estrogen receptor status. In addition, patients with low miR-588-expressing carcinomas had much shorter overall survival. In MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, lentiviral infection induced significant miR-588 upregulation, and miR-588 upregulation had an anti-tumor effect in BC cells by significantly inhibiting cancer proliferation and increasing cisplatin chemosensitivity. Conclusions miR-588 is downregulated in BC and its aberrant expression is closely associated with patients’ poor prognosis and overall survival, thus suggesting a biomarker role. miR-588 also has anti-tumor function in BC, making it a potential therapeutic target for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Purong Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).,Intensive Care Unit, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
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352
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Griffith A, Kelly PS, Vencken S, Lao NT, Greene CM, Clynes M, Barron N. miR-CATCH Identifies Biologically Active miRNA Regulators of the Pro-Survival Gene XIAP, in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells. Biotechnol J 2017; 13:e1700299. [PMID: 28976632 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Genetic engineering of mammalian cells is of interest as a means to boost bio-therapeutic protein yield. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) overexpression has previously been shown to enhance CHO cell growth and prolong culture longevity while additionally boosting productivity. The authors confirmed this across a range of recombinant products (SEAP, EPO, and IgG). However, stable overexpression of an engineering transgene competes for the cells translational machinery potentially compromising product titre. MicroRNAs are attractive genetic engineering candidates given their non-coding nature and ability to regulate multiple genes simultaneously, thereby relieving the translational burden associated with stable overexpression of a protein-encoding gene. The large number of potential targets of a single miRNA, falsely predicted in silico, presents difficulties in identifying those that could be useful engineering tools. The authors explored the identification of direct miRNA regulators of the pro-survival endogenous XIAP gene in CHO-K1 cells by using a miR-CATCH protocol. A biotin-tagged antisense DNA oligonucleotide for XIAP mRNA is designed and used to pull down and capture bound miRNAs. Two miRNAs are chosen out of the 14 miRNAs identified for further validation, miR-124-3p and miR-19b-3p. Transient transfection of mimics for both results in the diminished translation of endogenous CHO XIAP protein whereas their inhibition increases XIAP protein levels. A 3'UTR reporter assay confirms miR-124-3p to be a bona fide regulator of XIAP in CHO-K1 cells. This method demonstrates a useful approach to finding miRNA candidates for CHO cell engineering without competing for the cellular translational machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Griffith
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Paul S Kelly
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Sebastian Vencken
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Nga T Lao
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Catherine M Greene
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Martin Clynes
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Niall Barron
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.,National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Fosters Ave, Dublin 4, Ireland.,School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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353
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Willinger CM, Rong J, Tanriverdi K, Courchesne PL, Huan T, Wasserman GA, Lin H, Dupuis J, Joehanes R, Jones MR, Chen G, Benjamin EJ, O’Connor GT, Mizgerd JP, Freedman JE, Larson MG, Levy D. MicroRNA Signature of Cigarette Smoking and Evidence for a Putative Causal Role of MicroRNAs in Smoking-Related Inflammation and Target Organ Damage. CIRCULATION. CARDIOVASCULAR GENETICS 2017; 10:e001678. [PMID: 29030400 PMCID: PMC5683429 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.116.001678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking increases risk for multiple diseases. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and may play a role in smoking-induced target organ damage. We sought to describe a microRNA signature of cigarette smoking and relate it to smoking-associated clinical phenotypes, gene expression, and lung inflammatory signaling. METHODS AND RESULTS Expression profiling of 283 microRNAs was conducted on whole blood-derived RNA from 5023 Framingham Heart Study participants (54.0% women; mean age, 55±13 years) using TaqMan assays and high-throughput reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Associations of microRNA expression with smoking status and associations of smoking-related microRNAs with inflammatory biomarkers and pulmonary function were tested with linear mixed effects models. We identified a 6-microRNA signature of smoking. Five of the 6 smoking-related microRNAs were associated with serum levels of C-reactive protein or interleukin-6; miR-1180 was associated with pulmonary function measures at a marginally significant level. Bioinformatic evaluation of smoking-associated genes coexpressed with the microRNA signature of cigarette smoking revealed enrichment for immune-related pathways. Smoking-associated microRNAs altered expression of selected inflammatory mediators in cell culture gain-of-function assays. CONCLUSIONS We characterized a novel microRNA signature of cigarette smoking. The top microRNAs were associated with systemic inflammatory markers and reduced pulmonary function, correlated with expression of genes involved in immune function, and were sufficient to modulate inflammatory signaling. Our results highlight smoking-associated microRNAs and are consistent with the hypothesis that smoking-associated microRNAs serve as mediators of smoking-induced inflammation and target organ damage. These findings call for further mechanistic studies to explore the diagnostic and therapeutic use of smoking-related microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Willinger
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Division of Intramural Research and Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jian Rong
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston
| | - Kahraman Tanriverdi
- Department of Medicine and UMass Memorial Heart & Vascular Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester
| | - Paul L. Courchesne
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Division of Intramural Research and Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Tianxiao Huan
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Division of Intramural Research and Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Honghuang Lin
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Boston University School of Medicine
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston
| | - Roby Joehanes
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Division of Intramural Research and Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - George Chen
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Division of Intramural Research and Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Emelia J. Benjamin
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston
- Boston University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Jane E. Freedman
- Department of Medicine and UMass Memorial Heart & Vascular Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester
| | - Martin G. Larson
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Division of Intramural Research and Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
- Boston University School of Medicine
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354
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Iguchi T, Sakurai K, Tamai S, Mori K. Circulating liver-specific microRNAs in cynomolgus monkeys. J Toxicol Pathol 2017; 31:3-13. [PMID: 29479135 PMCID: PMC5820098 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2017-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) can potentially be used as sensitive and specific
biomarkers for tissue injury. However, the usefulness of circulating miRNAs as safety
biomarkers in nonclinical toxicological studies using nonhuman primates is debatable owing
to the limited information on organ-specific miRNAs. Therefore, a systematic investigation
was performed to address this point. We identified organ-specific miRNAs from cynomolgus
monkeys by next-generation sequencing analysis, which revealed that miR-122 was only
abundant in the liver, whereas miR-192 was abundant in the liver, stomach, intestines, and
kidney. The sequences of these miRNAs were identical to their human counterparts. Next,
the absolute miR-122 and miR-192 levels were qualified by quantitative reverse
transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to determine the circulating levels of
the miRNAs. No significant differences in the levels of circulating miRNAs between sexes
were noted, and there was greater interindividual variation in miR-122 (20-fold variation)
than in miR-192 (8-fold variation), based on their dynamic ranges. Finally, we evaluated
the fluctuation in circulating liver-specific miRNAs in a monkey model of
acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Acetaminophen with L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine
induced hepatotoxicity in all the animals, which was characterized histopathologically by
centrilobular necrosis and vacuolation of hepatocytes. Circulating miR-122 and miR-192
levels increased more than ALT levels after 24 h, indicating that circulating miR-122 and
miR-192 may serve as sensitive biomarkers for the detection of hepatotoxicity in
cynomolgus monkeys. This review describes the fundamental profiles of circulating
liver-specific miRNAs in cynomolgus monkeys and focusses on their organ specificity,
circulating levels, and fluctuations in drug-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Iguchi
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-16-13 Kita-Kasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Ken Sakurai
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-16-13 Kita-Kasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamai
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-16-13 Kita-Kasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Mori
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-16-13 Kita-Kasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
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355
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MicroRNAs as regulators and mediators of forkhead box transcription factors function in human cancers. Oncotarget 2017; 8:12433-12450. [PMID: 27999212 PMCID: PMC5355356 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence has shown that microRNAs are widely implicated as indispensable components of tumor suppressive and oncogenic pathways in human cancers. Thus, identification of microRNA targets and their relevant pathways will contribute to the development of microRNA-based therapeutics. The forkhead box transcription factors regulate numerous processes including cell cycle progression, metabolism, metastasis and angiogenesis, thereby facilitating tumor initiation and progression. A complex network of protein and non-coding RNAs mediates the expression and activity of forkhead box transcription factors. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge and concepts concerning the involvement of microRNAs and forkhead box transcription factors and describe the roles of microRNAs-forkhead box axis in various disease states including tumor initiation and progression. Additionally, we describe some of the technical challenges in the use of the microRNA-forkhead box signaling pathway in cancer treatment.
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356
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Zhang F, Wu Z. Significantly altered expression of miR-511-3p and its target AKT3 has negative prognostic value in human prostate cancer. Biochimie 2017. [PMID: 28624527 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we assessed the expression and functions of microRNA-511-3p (miR-511-3p) in human prostate cancer (CaP). METHODS Gene expressions of miR-511-3p in CaP cells and human CaP tumors were assessed by qPCR. In VCaP and PC3 cells, miR-511-3p was overexpressed by lentivirus. The functions of miR-511-3p upregulation in regulating in vitro cancer proliferation, migration and in vivo cancer growth were assessed by MTT, transwell and transplantation assays, respectively. Downstream target gene of miR-511-3p, AKT3, was verified by dual-luciferase activity and qPCR assays. AKT3 was then overexpressed in miR-511-3p-upregulated CaP cells to assess its functions in miR-511-3p-mediated cancer regulation. RESULTS MiR-511-3p is significantly downregulated in CaP cell lines, and human CaP tumors. MiR-511-3p was further downregulated in T3/T4-staged CaP tumors and closely correlated with shorter overall survival among CaP patients. In VCaP and PC3 cells, lentiviral-induced miR-511-3p upregulation was acting as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting in vitro cancer proliferation, migration and in vivo transplantation. Human AKT3 gene was confirmed to be the downstream target of miR-511-3p in CaP. In miR-511-3p-upregulated VCaP and PC3 cells, forced-overexpression of AKT3 reversed the tumor suppressive effects of miR-511-3p in CaP. CONCLUSION MiR-511-3p may serve as a prognostic factor and tumor suppressor in CaP, very likely through inverse regulation of its downstream target gene of AKT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhongjun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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357
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Role of the microRNA-29 family in fibrotic skin diseases. Biomed Rep 2017; 6:599-604. [PMID: 28584629 DOI: 10.3892/br.2017.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic skin diseases are characterized by the accumulation of collagen. The hallmarks of fibrotic skin diseases are unbalanced fibroblast proliferation and differentiation, extracellular matrix production and transforming growth factor-β signalling. Numerous studies have investigated the possibility that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are involved in the pathogenesis of certain fibrotic diseases, including skin, heart, lung and liver diseases. miRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs, which modify gene expression by binding to target messenger RNA (mRNA) and blocking the translation or inducing the degradation of target mRNA. The biological relevance of miRNAs has been investigated in physiological and pathological conditions, and there is increasing evidence that the miR-29 family is associated with fibrotic diseases. The aim of the present review is to provide an up-to-date summary of current knowledge on the latest developments associated with the miR-29 family and fibrotic skin diseases.
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358
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Iguchi T, Niino N, Tamai S, Sakurai K, Mori K. Comprehensive Analysis of Circulating microRNA Specific to the Liver, Heart, and Skeletal Muscle of Cynomolgus Monkeys. Int J Toxicol 2017; 36:220-228. [DOI: 10.1177/1091581817704975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) could represent sensitive and specific biomarkers for tissue injury. However, their utility as biomarkers in nonclinical toxicological studies using nonhuman primates is limited by a lack of information on their organ specificity and circulating levels under resting condition of the animals. Herein, liver, heart, and skeletal muscle-specific expression patterns of miRNAs were determined in 27 tissues/organs from male and female monkeys (n =2/sex) by next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis. This analysis revealed organ-specific miRNAs in the liver (miR-122), heart (miR-208a and miR-499a), and skeletal muscle (miR-206). Next, plasma was collected from conscious-naive male and female cynomolgus monkeys (n = 25/sex) to better understand the expressions of organ-specific circulating miRNAs. The absolute values of circulating miRNAs were quantified using a Taqman microRNA assay. MiR-1, miR-133a, and miR-208b showed preferential expression in the heart and skeletal muscles, whereas miR-192 was abundant in the liver, stomach, small intestine, and kidney. These miRNAs had identical sequences to their human counterparts. Six organ-specific miRNAs (miR-1, miR-122, miR-133a, miR-192, miR-206, and miR-499a) could be evaluated quantitatively by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction with or without preamplification. No significant sex differences were noted for these circulating miRNAs. For their circulation levels, miR-133a showed more than 900-fold interindividual variation, whereas miR-122 showed only a 20-fold variation. In conclusion, we profiled circulating organ-specific miRNAs for the liver, heart, and skeletal muscle of cynomolgus monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Iguchi
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyo Niino
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamai
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Sakurai
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Mori
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
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359
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Wang H, Shi L, Liang T, Wang B, Wu W, Su G, Wei J, Li P, Huang R. MiR-696 Regulates C2C12 Cell Proliferation and Differentiation by Targeting CNTFRα. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:413-425. [PMID: 28529450 PMCID: PMC5436562 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.17508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-696 (miR-696) has been previously known as an exercise related miRNA, which has a profound role in fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis of skeletal muscle. However, its role in skeletal myoblast proliferation and differentiation is still unclear. In this study, we found that miR-696 expressed highly in skeletal muscle and reduced during C2C12 myoblasts differentiation. MiR-696 overexpression repressed C2C12 myoblast proliferation and myofiber formation, while knockdown of endogenous miR-696 expression showed opposite results. During myogenesis, we observed an inversed expression pattern between miR-696 and CNTFRα in vitro, and demonstrated that miR-696 could specifically target CNTFRα and repress the expression of CNTFRα. Additionally, we further found that knockdown of CNTFRα suppressed the proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 cells. Taking all things together, we propose a novel insight that miR-696 down-regulates C2C12 cell myogenesis by inhibiting CNTFRα expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - BinBin Wang
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - WangJun Wu
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guosheng Su
- Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Julong Wei
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Pinghua Li
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ruihua Huang
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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360
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Zhang X, Zhang X, Yu B, Hu R, Hao L. Oncogene LSD1 is epigenetically suppressed by miR-137 overexpression in human non-small cell lung cancer. Biochimie 2017; 137:12-19. [PMID: 28223039 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined the epigenetic regulation of microRNA-137 (miR-137) on lysine-specific demethylase 1 (KDM1A, or LSD1) induced oncogenic effects in NSCLC. METHODS NSCLC cell lines, A549 and H460 cells were transfected with a mammalian LSD1 overexpression plasmid. It's effects on endogenous KDM1A gene and LSD1 protein expressions were examined by qRT-PCR and western blot assays. NSCLC proliferation and migration were also examined by MTT proliferation and wound-scratch assays, respectively. In LSD1-overexpeseed NSCLC cells, lentiviral transfection was conducted to upregulated miR-137 expression. The subsequent effects of miR-137 upregulation on LSD1-mediated cancer regulations were also examined. In addition, key components of histone deacetylases-associated signaling pathways, including EZH2, HDAC1 and HDAC2 were also examined by western blot in LSD1-and miR-137-mediated NSCLC cells. RESULTS Mammalian LSD1 overexpression plasmid was efficient in upregulating KDM1A gene and LSD1 protein in A549 and H460 cells. It also exerted oncogenic effects in NSCLC by promoting cancer proliferation and migration. MiR-137 was inversely correlated with LSD1 in NSCLC, as lentivirus-mediated miR-137 upregulation suppressed KDM1A/LSD1 productions and inhibited proliferation or migration in LSD1-overexpressed A549 and H460 cells. Further western blot analysis demonstrated EZH2, HDAC1 and HDAC2 were activated by LSD1, but inhibited by miR-137 in NSCLC. CONCLUSION Oncogenic effects of LSD1 were reversely regulated by its upstream epigenetic modulator miR-137 in NSCLC. The interaction between LSD1 and miR-137 may very well involve the regulation on histone deacetylases-associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Respiration, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Department of Respiration, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Respiration, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, China.
| | - Rongpeng Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liaocheng Infection Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Lanxiang Hao
- Department of Endocrinology, Yancheng City No.1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, 224001, China
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361
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Xu X, Liu C, Bao J. Hypoxia-induced hsa-miR-101 promotes glycolysis by targeting TIGAR mRNA in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1373-1378. [PMID: 28138701 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) are essential in carcinogenesis, therefore, the present study investigated the role of hsa‑miR‑101 in renal tumorigenesis and cancer development. On identification of its expression pattern, it may serve as a diagnostic biomarker for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). In the present study, 10 pairs of ccRCC and noncancerous tissue samples were obtained to examine whether the expression of hsa‑miR‑101 is linked to cancer. The data obtained were validated using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. The levels of hsa‑miR‑101 were examined following exposure to hypoxia in ACHN and HK‑2 cells. As a predicted target, the mRNA and protein levels of TP53‑induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) were then assessed. A pcDNA‑GFP‑miR‑101 plasmid was stably transfected into ACHN and HK‑2 cells, following which the effects of hsa‑miR‑101 on the expression of TIGAR and inhibition of glycolysis were investigated. The present study also examined the association between the level of hsa‑miR‑101 and kidney tumors. It was identified that the expression level was significantly higher in the ccRCC tissues, compared with that in the corresponding noncancerous tissues. The expression values for the upregulated miRNA ranged between 4.6‑ and 67.9‑fold. On demonstrating the functional link between hypoxia and the expression of miRNAs changes in the expression of hsa‑miR‑101 were examined following hypoxia exposure in kidney tumor and non‑tumor cell lines. It was shown that hypoxia exposure significantly induced hsa‑miR‑101. The hypoxia‑induced upregulation of hsa‑miR‑101 repressed the activity of TIGAR by targeting TIGAR mRNA and promoting glycolysis. The results showed that the upregulation of hsa‑miR‑101 in ccRCC was induced by hypoxia. Its expression deceased the protein expression of TIGAR and promoted glycolysis. This regulatory pathway may represent a novel mechanism of carcinogenesis and requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochao Xu
- College of Bioindustry, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, P.R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, Sichuan 614000, P.R. China
| | - Jinku Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Liu N, Shi YF, Diao HY, Li YX, Cui Y, Song XJ, Tian X, Li TY, Liu B. MicroRNA-135a Regulates Apoptosis Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Rat Cardiomyoblast Cells. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:13-21. [PMID: 28123342 PMCID: PMC5264257 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.16769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and apoptosis are the most important pathologic features of ischemic heart disease. Recent research has indicated that microRNAs (miRs) play an essential role in apoptosis. However, whether miRs might regulate B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein in apoptosis during ischemic heart disease is still unclear. The aim of this study, therefore, was to confirm the regulation of microRNA-135a (miR-135a) in oxidative stress injuries induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in rat cardiomyoblast cells H9c2. To this end, we analyzed the effects of H2O2 treatment on miR-135a expression in rat cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, we upregulated and inhibited miR-135a using mimics and inhibitors, respectively, and examined the effects on cell viability and apoptosis-related proteins. We observed that miR-135a was markedly up-regulated under H2O2 treatment in rat cardiomyoblast cells. Overexpression of miR-135a blocked the Bcl-2 protein and enhanced the apoptosis induced by H2O2, and miR-135a inhibition restored Bcl-2 protein expression. Interestingly, miR-135a inhibition did not attenuate H2O2-induced apoptosis with Bcl-2 knockdown. The results of the present study indicate that miR-135a regulates H2O2-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells via targeting Bcl-2, and that miR-135a may be a novel therapeutic target for ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Yong-Feng Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Hong-Ying Diao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Yang-Xue Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Xian-Jing Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Tian-Yi Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
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363
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Adel S, Mansour A, Louka M, Matboli M, Elmekkawi SF, Swelam N. Evaluation of MicroRNA-210 and Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 2 in Pre-eclampsia. Gene 2016; 596:105-109. [PMID: 27746364 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The precise origin of Pre-eclampsia (PE) remains elusive. Multiple pieces of evidence support the existence of hypoxia in PE. MiRNA-210 (miR-210), which is induced by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) during hypoxia, is one of the most hypoxia sensitive miRNAs. MiR-210 mediates these functions by regulating a lot of target mRNAs. Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2) was one of miR-210 targets and was found to be down regulated by hypoxia. OBJECTIVE To assess the levels of relative expression of miR-210 and its target PTPN2 in Egyptian women with PE. This is in order to clarify their possible role in the progression of PE and their relation to each other and to different clinicopathological factors. STUDY DESIGN Group1 included 35 normal primigravida and group 2 included 35 primigravida patients with PE. PE group was subdivided into-mild and severe (PE). Total RNA was extracted from placental tissue samples and Real-Time PCR was performed on the extracted RNA. RESULTS There was a highly significant difference between the studied groups as regards fold change of placental miR-210 and PTPN2 (P<0.01). There was a highly significant negative correlation between miR-210 and PTPN2 RQ among the studied groups and among the preeclampsia group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrated that placental expression of miR-210 was up regulated in pregnancies complicated with PE in comparison to normal pregnancies. This increase in miR-210 resulted in down regulation of its target PTPN2 mRNA and this can have a direct role in the pathogenesis of the PE disease. Additionally, both miR-210 & PTPN2 relative expression could differentiate between mild & severe PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherihan Adel
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Mansour
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal Louka
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Matboli
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S F Elmekkawi
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nahed Swelam
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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364
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Raffay TM, Dylag AM, Di Fiore JM, Smith LA, Einisman HJ, Li Y, Lakner MM, Khalil AM, MacFarlane PM, Martin RJ, Gaston B. S-Nitrosoglutathione Attenuates Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Murine Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 90:418-26. [PMID: 27484068 PMCID: PMC5034690 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.104125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is characterized by lifelong obstructive lung disease and profound, refractory bronchospasm. It is observed among survivors of premature birth who have been treated with prolonged supplemental oxygen. Therapeutic options are limited. Using a neonatal mouse model of BPD, we show that hyperoxia increases activity and expression of a mediator of endogenous bronchoconstriction, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) reductase. MicroRNA-342-3p, predicted in silico and shown in this study in vitro to suppress expression of GSNO reductase, was decreased in hyperoxia-exposed pups. Both pretreatment with aerosolized GSNO and inhibition of GSNO reductase attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness in vivo among juvenile and adult mice exposed to neonatal hyperoxia. Our data suggest that neonatal hyperoxia exposure causes detrimental effects on airway hyperreactivity through microRNA-342-3p–mediated upregulation of GSNO reductase expression. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that this adverse effect can be overcome by supplementing its substrate, GSNO, or by inhibiting the enzyme itself. Rates of BPD have not improved over the past two decades; nor have new therapies been developed. GSNO-based therapies are a novel treatment of the respiratory problems that patients with BPD experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Raffay
- Division of Neonatology (T.M.R., A.M.D., J.M.D.F., P.M.M., R.J.M.) and Division of Pediatric Pulmonology (L.A.S., H.J.E., Y.L., B.G.), Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology (M.M.L.) and Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences (A.M.K.), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Andrew M Dylag
- Division of Neonatology (T.M.R., A.M.D., J.M.D.F., P.M.M., R.J.M.) and Division of Pediatric Pulmonology (L.A.S., H.J.E., Y.L., B.G.), Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology (M.M.L.) and Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences (A.M.K.), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Juliann M Di Fiore
- Division of Neonatology (T.M.R., A.M.D., J.M.D.F., P.M.M., R.J.M.) and Division of Pediatric Pulmonology (L.A.S., H.J.E., Y.L., B.G.), Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology (M.M.L.) and Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences (A.M.K.), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Laura A Smith
- Division of Neonatology (T.M.R., A.M.D., J.M.D.F., P.M.M., R.J.M.) and Division of Pediatric Pulmonology (L.A.S., H.J.E., Y.L., B.G.), Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology (M.M.L.) and Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences (A.M.K.), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Helly J Einisman
- Division of Neonatology (T.M.R., A.M.D., J.M.D.F., P.M.M., R.J.M.) and Division of Pediatric Pulmonology (L.A.S., H.J.E., Y.L., B.G.), Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology (M.M.L.) and Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences (A.M.K.), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yuejin Li
- Division of Neonatology (T.M.R., A.M.D., J.M.D.F., P.M.M., R.J.M.) and Division of Pediatric Pulmonology (L.A.S., H.J.E., Y.L., B.G.), Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology (M.M.L.) and Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences (A.M.K.), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mitchell M Lakner
- Division of Neonatology (T.M.R., A.M.D., J.M.D.F., P.M.M., R.J.M.) and Division of Pediatric Pulmonology (L.A.S., H.J.E., Y.L., B.G.), Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology (M.M.L.) and Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences (A.M.K.), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ahmad M Khalil
- Division of Neonatology (T.M.R., A.M.D., J.M.D.F., P.M.M., R.J.M.) and Division of Pediatric Pulmonology (L.A.S., H.J.E., Y.L., B.G.), Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology (M.M.L.) and Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences (A.M.K.), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Peter M MacFarlane
- Division of Neonatology (T.M.R., A.M.D., J.M.D.F., P.M.M., R.J.M.) and Division of Pediatric Pulmonology (L.A.S., H.J.E., Y.L., B.G.), Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology (M.M.L.) and Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences (A.M.K.), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Richard J Martin
- Division of Neonatology (T.M.R., A.M.D., J.M.D.F., P.M.M., R.J.M.) and Division of Pediatric Pulmonology (L.A.S., H.J.E., Y.L., B.G.), Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology (M.M.L.) and Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences (A.M.K.), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Benjamin Gaston
- Division of Neonatology (T.M.R., A.M.D., J.M.D.F., P.M.M., R.J.M.) and Division of Pediatric Pulmonology (L.A.S., H.J.E., Y.L., B.G.), Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology (M.M.L.) and Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences (A.M.K.), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
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365
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miR-190 Enhances HIF-Dependent Responses to Hypoxia in Drosophila by Inhibiting the Prolyl-4-hydroxylase Fatiga. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006073. [PMID: 27223464 PMCID: PMC4880290 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular and systemic responses to low oxygen levels are principally mediated by Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs), a family of evolutionary conserved heterodimeric transcription factors, whose alpha- and beta-subunits belong to the bHLH-PAS family. In normoxia, HIFα is hydroxylated by specific prolyl-4-hydroxylases, targeting it for proteasomal degradation, while in hypoxia the activity of these hydroxylases decreases due to low oxygen availability, leading to HIFα accumulation and expression of HIF target genes. To identify microRNAs required for maximal HIF activity, we conducted an overexpression screen in Drosophila melanogaster, evaluating the induction of a HIF transcriptional reporter. miR-190 overexpression enhanced HIF-dependent biological responses, including terminal sprouting of the tracheal system, while in miR-190 loss of function embryos the hypoxic response was impaired. In hypoxic conditions, miR-190 expression was upregulated and required for induction of HIF target genes by directly inhibiting the HIF prolyl-4-hydroxylase Fatiga. Thus, miR-190 is a novel regulator of the hypoxia response that represses the oxygen sensor Fatiga, leading to HIFα stabilization and enhancement of hypoxic responses.
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366
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de Carvalho INSR, de Freitas RM, Vargas FR. Translating microRNAs into biomarkers: What is new for pediatric cancer? Med Oncol 2016; 33:49. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-016-0766-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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367
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Hemmatzadeh M, Mohammadi H, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Asghari F, Yousefi M. The role of oncomirs in the pathogenesis and treatment of breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 78:129-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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368
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Ning X, Liu S, Qiu Y, Li G, Li Y, Li M, Yang G. Expression Profiles and Biological Roles of miR-196a in Swine. Genes (Basel) 2016; 7:genes7020005. [PMID: 26805888 PMCID: PMC4773749 DOI: 10.3390/genes7020005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNA molecules, which play important roles in animals by targeting mRNA transcripts for translational repression. Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are involved in regulation of adipocyte development. The expression of miR-196a in different porcine tissues and developing fat tissues was detected, and gene ontology (GO) term enrichment was then used to predict the expression profiles and potential biological roles of miR-196a in swine. To further verify the roles of miR-196a in porcine adipocyte development, a recombinant adenovirus encoding miR-196a gene (Ad-miR-196a) was constructed and used to study the effect of miR-196a on preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Here, our data demonstrate that miR-196a displays a tissue-specific expression pattern and has comprehensive biological roles in swine, especially in adipose development. In addition, overexpression of miR-196a had no effect on preadipocyte proliferation, but induced preadipocyte differentiation by increasing expression of adipocyte specific markers, lipid accumulation and triglyceride content. These data represent the first demonstration of miR-196a expression profiles and roles in swine, thereby providing valuable insight into the functions of miR-196a in adipocyte biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Ning
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Yang Qiu
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Guoxi Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Yanjie Li
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Meihang Li
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Gongshe Yang
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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369
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Arias N, Aguirre L, Fernández-Quintela A, González M, Lasa A, Miranda J, Macarulla MT, Portillo MP. MicroRNAs involved in the browning process of adipocytes. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 72:509-21. [PMID: 26695012 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0459-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The present review focuses on the role of miRNAs in the control of white adipose tissue browning, a process which describes the recruitment of adipocytes showing features of brown adipocytes in white adipose tissue. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs (19-22 nucleotides) involved in gene regulation. Although the main effect of miRNAs is the inhibition of the translational machinery, thereby preventing the production of the protein product, the activation of protein translation has also been described in the literature. In addition to modifying translation, miRNAs binding to its target mRNAs also trigger the recruitment and association of mRNA decay factors, leading to mRNA destabilization, degradation, and thus to the decrease in expression levels. Although a great number of miRNAs have been reported to potentially regulate genes that play important roles in the browning process, only a reduced number of studies have demonstrated experimentally an effect on this process associated to changes in miRNA expressions, so far.
These studies have shown, by using either primary adipocyte cultures or experimental models of mice (KO mice, mice overexpressing a specific miRNA), that miR-196a, miR-26, and miR-30 are needed for browning process development. By contrast, miR-155, miR-133, miR-27b, and miR-34 act as negative regulators of this process [corrected]. Further studies are needed to fully describe the miRNA network-involved white adipose tissue browning regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arias
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Center, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Aguirre
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Center, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Center, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - M González
- Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - A Lasa
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Center, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Miranda
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Center, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - M T Macarulla
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Center, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - M P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Center, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain. .,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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370
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Ginsberg SD, Che S. Methods and compositions for amplification and detection of microRNAs (miRNAs) and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) using the signature sequence amplification method (SSAM). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 8:2-9. [PMID: 25564022 DOI: 10.2174/2352092208666141001154206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The signature sequence amplification method (SSAM) described herein is an approach for amplifying noncoding RNA (ncRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and small polynucleotide sequences. A key point of the SSAM technology is the generation of signature sequences. The signature sequences include target sequences (miRNA, ncRNA, and/or any small polynucleotide sequence) flanked by two DNA fragments. Target sequences can be amplified through DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis, or the combination of DNA and RNA synthesis. The amplification of signature sequences provides an efficient and reproducible mechanism to determine the presence or absence of the target miRNAs/ncRNAs, to analyze the quantities of the miRNAs in biological samples, and for miRNA/ncRNA profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaoli Che
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, 845-398-2170, USA.
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371
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Huang Y, Ren HT, Zou Q, Wang YQ, Zhang JL, Yu XL. Computational identification and characterization of miRNAs and their target genes from five cyprinidae fishes. Saudi J Biol Sci 2015; 24:1126-1135. [PMID: 28855803 PMCID: PMC5562384 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of small single-strand RNA molecules with lengths of 18–25 nt, which do not encode any proteins. They play an essential role in gene expression regulation by binding to their target genes, leading to translational repression or transcript degradation. In this study, 23 miRNAs were predicted from five cyprinidae fishes by using a bioinformatics-based gene search based on blasting ESTs and GSS in NCBI, of which 21 miRNA genes have not been previously reported. To prove their validity, five of the computationally predicted miRNAs were verified by RTPCR, their transcripts were successfully detected, and, 46 potential target genes for these miRNAs were predicted, most target genes encode transcription factors, they are involved in signal transduction, metabolism and development processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Hong-Tao Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Quan Zou
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-Qin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ji-Liang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xue-Li Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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372
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Liu T, Zhong S, Rao F, Xue Y, Qi Z, Wu S. Catheter ablation restores decreased plasma miR-409-3p and miR-432 in atrial fibrillation patients. Europace 2015; 18:92-9. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euu366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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373
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Neelakantan D, Drasin DJ, Ford HL. Intratumoral heterogeneity: Clonal cooperation in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis. Cell Adh Migr 2014; 9:265-76. [PMID: 25482627 DOI: 10.4161/19336918.2014.972761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Although phenotypic intratumoral heterogeneity was first described many decades ago, the advent of next-generation sequencing has provided conclusive evidence that in addition to phenotypic diversity, significant genotypic diversity exists within tumors. Tumor heterogeneity likely arises both from clonal expansions, as well as from differentiation hierarchies existent in the tumor, such as that established by cancer stem cells (CSCs) and non-CSCs. These differentiation hierarchies may arise due to genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, or microenvironmental influences. An additional differentiation hierarchy within epithelial tumors may arise when only a few tumor cells trans-differentiate into mesenchymal-like cells, a process known as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Again, this process can be influenced by both genetic and non-genetic factors. In this review we discuss the evidence for clonal interaction and cooperation for tumor maintenance and progression, particularly with respect to EMT, and further address the far-reaching effects that tumor heterogeneity may have on cancer therapy.
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Key Words
- CLL, chronic lymphoblastic leukemia
- CSC, cancer stem cell
- EMP, epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity
- EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
- GFP, green fluorescent protein.
- MET, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition
- MMTV, mouse mammary tumor virus
- NGS, next generation sequencing
- OxR, oxaliplatin resistant
- SCLC, small cell lung cancer
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
- cancer stem cells/CSCs
- clonal evolution
- epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)
- hPDGF human platelet-derived growth factor
- intratumoral heterogeneity
- metastasis
- miRNA, microRNA
- non-cell autonomous
- tumor microenvironment
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Neelakantan
- a Department of Pharmacology ; University of Colorado; School of Medicine ; Aurora, CO USA
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374
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Elzein S, Goodyer CG. Regulation of human growth hormone receptor expression by microRNAs. Mol Endocrinol 2014; 28:1448-59. [PMID: 25073105 DOI: 10.1210/me.2014-1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human GH binds to its receptor (GHR) on target cells and activates multiple intracellular pathways, leading to changes in gene expression, differentiation, and metabolism. GHR deficiency is associated with growth and metabolic disorders whereas increased GHR expression has been reported in certain cancers, suggesting that the GHR gene requires tight controls. Several regulatory mechanisms have been found within its 5'-untranslated region (UTR) promoter and coding regions. However, the 3'-UTR has not been previously examined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (19-22 nucleotides) noncoding RNAs that downregulate gene expression mainly through targeting the 3'-UTR of mRNAs and enhancing their degradation or inhibiting translation. In the present study, we investigated whether miRNAs regulate GHR expression. To define putative miRNA binding sites in the GHR 3'-UTR, we used multiple in silico prediction tools, analyzed conservation across species and the presence of parallel sites in GH/IGF axis-related genes, and searched for reports linking miRNAs to GHR-related physiological or pathophysiological activities. To test prioritized sites, we cotransfected a wild-type GHR 3'-UTR luciferase reporter vector as well as miRNA binding site mutants into HEK293 cells with miRNA mimics. Furthermore, we tested whether the miRNAs altered endogenous GHR mRNA and protein levels in HEK293 cells and in 2 cancer cell lines (MCF7 and LNCaP). Our experiments have identified miRNA (miR)-129-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-202, and miR-16 as potent inhibitors of human GHR expression in normal (HEK293) and cancer (MCF7 and LNCaP) cells. This study paves the way for the development of miRNA inhibitors as therapeutic agents in GH/GHR-related pathophysiologies, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Elzein
- Departments of Experimental Medicine (S.E., C.G.G.) and Pediatrics (C.G.G.), McGill University, and Endocrine Research Laboratory (S.E., C.G.G.), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre-Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3Z 2Z3
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Ferreira LRP, Frade AF, Santos RHB, Teixeira PC, Baron MA, Navarro IC, Benvenuti LA, Fiorelli AI, Bocchi EA, Stolf NA, Chevillard C, Kalil J, Cunha-Neto E. MicroRNAs miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-208a and miR-208b are dysregulated in Chronic Chagas disease Cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiol 2014; 175:409-17. [PMID: 24910366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/METHODS Chagas disease is caused by an intracellular parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, and it is a leading cause of heart failure in Latin America. The main clinical consequence of the infection is the development of a Chronic Chagas disease Cardiomyopathy (CCC), which is characterized by myocarditis, hypertrophy and fibrosis and affects about 30% of infected patients. CCC has a worse prognosis than other cardiomyopathies, like idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). It is well established that myocardial gene expression patterns are altered in CCC, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these differences are not clear. MicroRNAs are recently discovered regulators of gene expression, and are recognized as important factors in heart development and cardiovascular disorders (CD). We analyzed the expression of nine different miRNAs in myocardial tissue samples of CCC patients in comparison to DCM patients and samples from heart transplant donors. Using the results of a cDNA microarray database on CCC and DCM myocardium, signaling networks were built and nodal molecules were identified. RESULTS We observed that five miRNAs were significantly altered in CCC and three in DCM; importantly, three miRNAs were significantly reduced in CCC as compared to DCM. We observed that multiple gene targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs showed a concordant inverse expression in CCC. Significantly, most gene targets and involved networks belong to crucial disease-related signaling pathways. CONCLUSION These results suggest that miRNAs may play a major role in the regulation of gene expression in CCC pathogenesis, with potential implication as diagnostic and prognostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Rodrigues Pinto Ferreira
- Laboratory of Immunology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii), INCT, 05403-001, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Farage Frade
- Laboratory of Immunology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii), INCT, 05403-001, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Camillo Teixeira
- Laboratory of Immunology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii), INCT, 05403-001, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monique Andrade Baron
- Laboratory of Immunology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii), INCT, 05403-001, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabela Cunha Navarro
- Laboratory of Immunology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii), INCT, 05403-001, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Benvenuti
- Division of Pathology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Inácio Fiorelli
- Division of Surgery, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edimar Alcides Bocchi
- Division of Surgery, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Noedir Antonio Stolf
- Division of Surgery, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge Kalil
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii), INCT, 05403-001, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edecio Cunha-Neto
- Laboratory of Immunology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii), INCT, 05403-001, São Paulo, Brazil..
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MiRNA-210 modulates a nickel-induced cellular energy metabolism shift by repressing the iron-sulfur cluster assembly proteins ISCU1/2 in Neuro-2a cells. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1090. [PMID: 24577088 PMCID: PMC3944272 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The cellular energy metabolism shift, characterized by the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and enhancement of glycolysis, is involved in nickel-induced neurotoxicity. MicroRNA-210 (miR-210) is regulated by hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α (HIF-1α) under hypoxic conditions and controls mitochondrial energy metabolism by repressing the iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein (ISCU1/2). ISCU1/2 facilitates the assembly of iron-sulfur clusters (ISCs), the prosthetic groups that are critical for mitochondrial oxidation-reduction reactions. This study aimed to investigate whether miR-210 modulates alterations in energy metabolism after nickel exposure through suppressing ISCU1/2 and inactivating ISCs-containing metabolic enzymes. We determined that NiCl2 exposure leads to a significant accumulation of HIF-1α, rather than HIF-1β, in Neuro-2a cells. The miR-210 overexpression and ISCU1/2 downregulation was observed in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The gain-of-function and loss-of-dysfunction assays revealed that miR-210 mediated the ISCU1/2 suppression, energy metabolism alterations, and ISC-containing metabolic enzyme inactivation after nickel exposure. In addition, the impact of miR-210 on ISC-containing metabolic enzymes was independent from cellular iron regulation. Overall, these data suggest that repression of miR-210 on ISCU1/2 may contribute to HIF-1α-triggered alterations in energy metabolism after nickel exposure. A better understanding of how nickel impacts cellular energy metabolism may facilitate the elucidation of the mechanisms by which nickel affects the human health.
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