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Hoque TS, Hossain MA, Mostofa MG, Burritt DJ, Fujita M, Tran LSP. Methylglyoxal: An Emerging Signaling Molecule in Plant Abiotic Stress Responses and Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1341. [PMID: 27679640 PMCID: PMC5020096 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The oxygenated short aldehyde methylglyoxal (MG) is produced in plants as a by-product of a number of metabolic reactions, including elimination of phosphate groups from glycolysis intermediates dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. MG is mostly detoxified by the combined actions of the enzymes glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II that together with glutathione make up the glyoxalase system. Under normal growth conditions, basal levels of MG remain low in plants; however, when plants are exposed to abiotic stress, MG can accumulate to much higher levels. Stress-induced MG functions as a toxic molecule, inhibiting different developmental processes, including seed germination, photosynthesis and root growth, whereas MG, at low levels, acts as an important signaling molecule, involved in regulating diverse events, such as cell proliferation and survival, control of the redox status of cells, and many other aspects of general metabolism and cellular homeostases. MG can modulate plant stress responses by regulating stomatal opening and closure, the production of reactive oxygen species, cytosolic calcium ion concentrations, the activation of inward rectifying potassium channels and the expression of many stress-responsive genes. MG appears to play important roles in signal transduction by transmitting and amplifying cellular signals and functions that promote adaptation of plants growing under adverse environmental conditions. Thus, MG is now considered as a potential biochemical marker for plant abiotic stress tolerance, and is receiving considerable attention by the scientific community. In this review, we will summarize recent findings regarding MG metabolism in plants under abiotic stress, and evaluate the concept of MG signaling. In addition, we will demonstrate the importance of giving consideration to MG metabolism and the glyoxalase system, when investigating plant adaptation and responses to various environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahsina S. Hoque
- Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A. Hossain
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad G. Mostofa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Mohammad G. Mostofa, Lam-Son P. Tran, ;
| | | | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa UniversityKagawa, Japan
| | - Lam-Son P. Tran
- Plant Abiotic Stress Research Group & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Mohammad G. Mostofa, Lam-Son P. Tran, ;
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352
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Min H, Chen C, Wei S, Shang X, Sun M, Xia R, Liu X, Hao D, Chen H, Xie Q. Identification of Drought Tolerant Mechanisms in Maize Seedlings Based on Transcriptome Analysis of Recombination Inbred Lines. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1080. [PMID: 27507977 PMCID: PMC4961006 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Zea mays is an important crop that is sensitive to drought stress, but survival rates and growth status remain strong in some drought-tolerant lines under stress conditions. Under drought conditions, many biological processes, such as photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism and energy metabolism, are suppressed, while little is known about how the transcripts of genes respond to drought stress in the genome-wide rang in the seedling stage. In our study, the transcriptome profiles of two maize recombination inbred lines (drought-tolerant RIL70 and drought-sensitive RIL93) were analyzed at different drought stages to elucidate the dynamic mechanisms underlying drought tolerance in maize seedlings during drought conditions. Different numbers of differentially expressed genes presented in the different stages of drought stress in the two RILs, for the numbers of RIL93 vs. RIL70 were: 9 vs. 358, 477 vs. 103, and 5207 vs. 152 respectively in DT1, DT2, and DT5. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that in the initial drought-stressed stage, the primary differentially expressed genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis and transmembrane transport biological processes were overrepresented in RIL70 compared to RIL93. On the contrary, differentially expressed genes profiles presented at 2 and 5 day-treatments, the primary differentially expressed genes involved in response to stress, protein folding, oxidation-reduction, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism, were overrepresented in RIL93 compared to RIL70. In addition, the transcription of genes encoding key members of the cell cycle and cell division processes were blocked, but ABA- and programmed cell death-related processes responded positively in RIL93. In contrast, the expression of cell cycle genes, ABA- and programmed cell death-related genes was relatively stable in RIL70. The results we obtained supported the working hypothesis that signaling events associated with turgor homeostasis, as established by cell wall biosynthesis regulation- and aquaporin-related genes, responded early in RIL70, which led to more efficient detoxification signaling (response to stress, protein folding, oxidation-reduction) during drought stress. This energy saving response at the early stages of drought should facilitate more cell activity under stress conditions and result in drought tolerance in RIL70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowei Min
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Chengxuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Shaowei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Meiyun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Ran Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Xiangguo Liu
- Argo-Biotechnology Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun, China
| | - Dongyun Hao
- Argo-Biotechnology Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun, China
| | - Huabang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Qi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Xie
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353
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Singh R, Singh S, Parihar P, Mishra RK, Tripathi DK, Singh VP, Chauhan DK, Prasad SM. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS): Beneficial Companions of Plants' Developmental Processes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1299. [PMID: 27729914 PMCID: PMC5037240 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated inevitably in the redox reactions of plants, including respiration and photosynthesis. In earlier studies, ROS were considered as toxic by-products of aerobic pathways of the metabolism. But in recent years, concept about ROS has changed because they also participate in developmental processes of plants by acting as signaling molecules. In plants, ROS regulate many developmental processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation, programmed cell death, seed germination, gravitropism, root hair growth and pollen tube development, senescence, etc. Despite much progress, a comprehensive update of advances in the understanding of the mechanisms evoked by ROS that mediate in cell proliferation and development are fragmentry and the matter of ROS perception and the signaling cascade remains open. Therefore, keeping in view the above facts, an attempt has been made in this article to summarize the recent findings regarding updates made in the regulatory action of ROS at various plant developmental stages, which are still not well-known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachana Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Samiksha Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Parul Parihar
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Rohit K. Mishra
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Durgesh K. Tripathi
- DD Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Vijay P. Singh
- Government Ramanuj Pratap Singhdev Post Graduate CollegeBaikunthpur, India
- *Correspondence: Vijay P. Singh, Sheo M. Prasad,
| | - Devendra K. Chauhan
- DD Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Sheo M. Prasad
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
- *Correspondence: Vijay P. Singh, Sheo M. Prasad,
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354
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Impacts of Induction of Plant Volatiles by Individual and Multiple Stresses Across Trophic Levels. SIGNALING AND COMMUNICATION IN PLANTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-33498-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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355
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Olvera-Carrillo Y, Van Bel M, Van Hautegem T, Fendrych M, Huysmans M, Simaskova M, van Durme M, Buscaill P, Rivas S, Coll NS, Coppens F, Maere S, Nowack MK. A Conserved Core of Programmed Cell Death Indicator Genes Discriminates Developmentally and Environmentally Induced Programmed Cell Death in Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 169:2684-99. [PMID: 26438786 PMCID: PMC4677882 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A plethora of diverse programmed cell death (PCD) processes has been described in living organisms. In animals and plants, different forms of PCD play crucial roles in development, immunity, and responses to the environment. While the molecular control of some animal PCD forms such as apoptosis is known in great detail, we still know comparatively little about the regulation of the diverse types of plant PCD. In part, this deficiency in molecular understanding is caused by the lack of reliable reporters to detect PCD processes. Here, we addressed this issue by using a combination of bioinformatics approaches to identify commonly regulated genes during diverse plant PCD processes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Our results indicate that the transcriptional signatures of developmentally controlled cell death are largely distinct from the ones associated with environmentally induced cell death. Moreover, different cases of developmental PCD share a set of cell death-associated genes. Most of these genes are evolutionary conserved within the green plant lineage, arguing for an evolutionary conserved core machinery of developmental PCD. Based on this information, we established an array of specific promoter-reporter lines for developmental PCD in Arabidopsis. These PCD indicators represent a powerful resource that can be used in addition to established morphological and biochemical methods to detect and analyze PCD processes in vivo and in planta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadira Olvera-Carrillo
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (Y.O.-C., M.V.B., T.V.H., M.F., M.H., M.S., M.v.D., F.C., S.M., M.K.N.);Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 441, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (P.B., S.R.); andCenter for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain (N.S.C.)
| | - Michiel Van Bel
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (Y.O.-C., M.V.B., T.V.H., M.F., M.H., M.S., M.v.D., F.C., S.M., M.K.N.);Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 441, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (P.B., S.R.); andCenter for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain (N.S.C.)
| | - Tom Van Hautegem
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (Y.O.-C., M.V.B., T.V.H., M.F., M.H., M.S., M.v.D., F.C., S.M., M.K.N.);Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 441, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (P.B., S.R.); andCenter for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain (N.S.C.)
| | - Matyáš Fendrych
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (Y.O.-C., M.V.B., T.V.H., M.F., M.H., M.S., M.v.D., F.C., S.M., M.K.N.);Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 441, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (P.B., S.R.); andCenter for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain (N.S.C.)
| | - Marlies Huysmans
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (Y.O.-C., M.V.B., T.V.H., M.F., M.H., M.S., M.v.D., F.C., S.M., M.K.N.);Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 441, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (P.B., S.R.); andCenter for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain (N.S.C.)
| | - Maria Simaskova
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (Y.O.-C., M.V.B., T.V.H., M.F., M.H., M.S., M.v.D., F.C., S.M., M.K.N.);Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 441, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (P.B., S.R.); andCenter for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain (N.S.C.)
| | - Matthias van Durme
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (Y.O.-C., M.V.B., T.V.H., M.F., M.H., M.S., M.v.D., F.C., S.M., M.K.N.);Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 441, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (P.B., S.R.); andCenter for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain (N.S.C.)
| | - Pierre Buscaill
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (Y.O.-C., M.V.B., T.V.H., M.F., M.H., M.S., M.v.D., F.C., S.M., M.K.N.);Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 441, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (P.B., S.R.); andCenter for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain (N.S.C.)
| | - Susana Rivas
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (Y.O.-C., M.V.B., T.V.H., M.F., M.H., M.S., M.v.D., F.C., S.M., M.K.N.);Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 441, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (P.B., S.R.); andCenter for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain (N.S.C.)
| | - Nuria S. Coll
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (Y.O.-C., M.V.B., T.V.H., M.F., M.H., M.S., M.v.D., F.C., S.M., M.K.N.);Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 441, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (P.B., S.R.); andCenter for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain (N.S.C.)
| | - Frederik Coppens
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (Y.O.-C., M.V.B., T.V.H., M.F., M.H., M.S., M.v.D., F.C., S.M., M.K.N.);Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 441, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (P.B., S.R.); andCenter for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain (N.S.C.)
| | - Steven Maere
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (Y.O.-C., M.V.B., T.V.H., M.F., M.H., M.S., M.v.D., F.C., S.M., M.K.N.);Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 441, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (P.B., S.R.); andCenter for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain (N.S.C.)
| | - Moritz K. Nowack
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (Y.O.-C., M.V.B., T.V.H., M.F., M.H., M.S., M.v.D., F.C., S.M., M.K.N.);Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 441, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (P.B., S.R.); andCenter for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain (N.S.C.)
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356
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Poór P, Kovács J, Borbély P, Takács Z, Szepesi Á, Tari I. Salt stress-induced production of reactive oxygen- and nitrogen species and cell death in the ethylene receptor mutant Never ripe and wild type tomato roots. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 97:313-22. [PMID: 26512971 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The salt stress triggered by sublethal, 100 mM and lethal, 250 mM NaCl induced ethylene production as well as rapid accumulation of superoxide radical and H2O2 in the root tips of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Ailsa Craig) wild type and ethylene receptor mutant, Never ripe (Nr/Nr) plants. In the wild type plants superoxide accumulation confined to lethal salt concentration while H2O2 accumulated more efficiently under sublethal salt stress. However, in Nr roots the superoxide production was higher and unexpectedly, H2O2 level was lower than in the wild type under sublethal salt stress. Nitric oxide production increased significantly under sublethal and lethal salt stress in both genotypes especially in mutant plants, while peroxynitrite accumulated significantly under lethal salt stress. Thus, the nitro-oxidative stress may be stronger in Nr roots, which leads to the programmed death of tissues, characterized by the DNA and protein degradation and loss of cell viability under moderate salt stress. In Nr mutants the cell death was induced in the absence of ethylene perception. Although wild type roots could maintain their potassium content under moderate salt stress, K(+) level significantly declined leading to small K(+)/Na(+) ratio in Nr roots. Thus Nr mutants were more sensitive to salt stress than the wild type and the viability of root cells decreased significantly under moderate salt stress. These changes can be attributed to a stronger ionic stress due to the K(+) loss from the root tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Poór
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Középfasor 52, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Judit Kovács
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Középfasor 52, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Péter Borbély
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Középfasor 52, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Takács
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Középfasor 52, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szepesi
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Középfasor 52, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Irma Tari
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Középfasor 52, H-6726, Hungary.
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357
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Sun L, Song J, Peng C, Xu C, Yuan X, Shi J. Mechanistic study of programmed cell death of root border cells of cucumber (Cucumber sativus L.) induced by copper. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 97:412-419. [PMID: 26555899 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) in root border cells (RBCs) induced by Copper (Cu) has been little studied. This study explored whether Cu induced PCD in RBCs of cucumber or not and investigated the possible mechanisms. The results showed that the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic RBCs increased with increasing concentration of Cu treatment. A quick burst of ROS in RBCs was detected, while mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) decreased sharply with Cu treatment. Caspase-3 like protease activity showed a tendency of increase with Cu treatment. The potential of Cu to induce PCD in RBCs of cucumber was first proved. Our results showed that ROS generation and mitochondrial membrane potential loss played important roles in Cu-induced caspase-3-like activation and PCD in RBCs of cucumber, which provided new insight into the signaling cascades that modulate Cu phytotoxicity mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Sun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yuan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | - Jiyan Shi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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358
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Maizel A. A View to a Kill: Markers for Developmentally Regulated Cell Death in Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 169:2341. [PMID: 26663910 PMCID: PMC4677925 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Maizel
- Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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359
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Wang Y, Shen W, Chan Z, Wu Y. Endogenous Cytokinin Overproduction Modulates ROS Homeostasis and Decreases Salt Stress Resistance in Arabidopsis Thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1004. [PMID: 26635831 PMCID: PMC4652137 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinins in plants are crucial for numerous biological processes, including seed germination, cell division and differentiation, floral initiation and adaptation to abiotic stresses. The salt stress can promote reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in plants which are highly toxic and ultimately results in oxidative stress. However, the correlation between endogenous cytokinin production and ROS homeostasis in responding to salt stress is poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the correlation of overexpressing the cytokinin biosynthetic gene AtIPT8 (adenosine phosphate-isopentenyl transferase 8) and the response of salt stress in Arabidopsis. Overproduction of cytokinins, which was resulted by the inducible overexpression of AtIPT8, significantly inhibited the primary root growth and true leaf emergence, especially under the conditions of exogenous salt, glucose and mannitol treatments. Upon cytokinin overproduction, the salt stress resistance was declined, and resulted in less survival rates and chlorophyll content. Interestingly, ROS production was obviously increased with the salt treatment, accompanied by endogenously overproduced cytokinins. The activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), which are responsible for scavenging ROS, were also affected. Transcription profiling revealed that the differential expressions of ROS-producing and scavenging related genes, the photosynthesis-related genes and stress responsive genes were existed in transgenic plants of overproducing cytokinins. Our results suggested that broken in the homeostasis of cytokinins in plant cells could modulate the salt stress responses through a ROS-mediated regulation in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Wenzhong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Zhulong Chan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, China
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360
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Shlezinger N, Israeli M, Mochly E, Oren-Young L, Zhu W, Sharon A. Translocation from nuclei to cytoplasm is necessary for anti A-PCD activity and turnover of the Type II IAP BcBir1. Mol Microbiol 2015; 99:393-406. [DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neta Shlezinger
- Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Maayan Israeli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Elad Mochly
- Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Liat Oren-Young
- Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Wenjun Zhu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Amir Sharon
- Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
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361
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Tripathi A, Goswami K, Sanan-Mishra N. Role of bioinformatics in establishing microRNAs as modulators of abiotic stress responses: the new revolution. Front Physiol 2015; 6:286. [PMID: 26578966 PMCID: PMC4620411 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRs) are a class of 21-24 nucleotide long non-coding RNAs responsible for regulating the expression of associated genes mainly by cleavage or translational inhibition of the target transcripts. With this characteristic of silencing, miRs act as an important component in regulation of plant responses in various stress conditions. In recent years, with drastic change in environmental and soil conditions different type of stresses have emerged as a major challenge for plants growth and productivity. The identification and profiling of miRs has itself been a challenge for research workers given their small size and large number of many probable sequences in the genome. Application of computational approaches has expedited the process of identification of miRs and their expression profiling in different conditions. The development of High-Throughput Sequencing (HTS) techniques has facilitated to gain access to the global profiles of the miRs for understanding their mode of action in plants. Introduction of various bioinformatics databases and tools have revolutionized the study of miRs and other small RNAs. This review focuses the role of bioinformatics approaches in the identification and study of the regulatory roles of plant miRs in the adaptive response to stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Tripathi
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology New Delhi, India
| | - Kavita Goswami
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology New Delhi, India
| | - Neeti Sanan-Mishra
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology New Delhi, India
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362
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Ma C, Burd S, Lers A. miR408 is involved in abiotic stress responses in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 84:169-87. [PMID: 26312768 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that regulate the expression of target genes post-transcriptionally; they are known to play major roles in development and responses to abiotic stress. miR408 is a highly conserved miRNA in plants that responds to the availability of copper and targets genes encoding copper-containing proteins. It was recently recognized to be an important component of the HY5-SPL7 gene network that mediates a coordinated response to light and copper, illustrating its central role in the response of plants to the environment. Expression of miR408 is significantly affected by a variety of developmental and environmental conditions; however, its biological function is unknown. Involvement of miR408 in the abiotic stress response was investigated in Arabidopsis. Expression of miR408, as well as its target genes, was investigated in response to salinity, cold, oxidative stress, drought and osmotic stress. Analyses of transgenic plants with modulated miR408 expression revealed that higher miR408 expression leads to improved tolerance to salinity, cold and oxidative stress, but enhanced sensitivity to drought and osmotic stress. Cellular antioxidant capacity was enhanced in plants with elevated miR408 expression, as manifested by reduced levels of reactive oxygen species and induced expression of genes associated with antioxidative functions, including Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases (CSD1 and CSD2) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST-U25), as well as auxiliary genes: the copper chaperone CCS1 and the redox stress-associated gene SAP12. Overall, the results demonstrate significant involvement of miR408 in abiotic stress responses, emphasizing the central function of miR408 in plant survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Shaul Burd
- Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Amnon Lers
- Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
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363
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Zheng L, Meng Y, Ma J, Zhao X, Cheng T, Ji J, Chang E, Meng C, Deng N, Chen L, Shi S, Jiang Z. Transcriptomic analysis reveals importance of ROS and phytohormones in response to short-term salinity stress in Populus tomentosa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:678. [PMID: 26442002 PMCID: PMC4569970 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Populus tomentosa (Chinese white poplar) is well adapted to various extreme environments, and is considered an important species to study the effects of salinity stress on poplar trees. To decipher the mechanism of poplar's rapid response to short-term salinity stress, we firstly detected the changes in H2O2 and hormone, and then profiled the gene expression pattern of 10-week-old seedling roots treated with 200 mM NaCl for 0, 6, 12, and 24 h (h) by RNA-seq on the Illumina-Solexa platform. Physiological determination showed that the significant increase in H2O2 began at 6 h, while that in hormone ABA was at 24 h, under salt stress. Compared with controls (0 h), 3991, 4603, and 4903 genes were up regulated, and 1408, 2206, and 3461 genes were down regulated (adjusted P ≤ 0.05 and |log2Ratio|≥1) at 6, 12, and 24 h time points, respectively. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway annotation revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were highly enriched in hormone- and reactive oxygen species-related biological processes, including "response to oxidative stress or abiotic stimulus," "peroxidase activity," "regulation of transcription," "hormone synthetic and metabolic process," "hormone signal transduction," "antioxidant activity," and "transcription factor activity." Moreover, K-means clustering demonstrated that DEGs (total RPKM value>12 from four time points) could be categorized into four kinds of expression trends: quick up/down over 6 or 12 h, and slow up/down over 24 h. Of these, DEGs involved in H2O2- and hormone- producing and signal-related genes were further enriched in this analysis, which indicated that the two kinds of small molecules, hormones and H2O2, play pivotal roles in the short-term salt stress response in poplar. This study provides a basis for future studies of the molecular adaptation of poplar and other tree species to salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
| | - Yu Meng
- College of Landscape and Travel, Agricultural University of HebeiBaoding, China
| | - Jing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
| | - Xiulian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
| | - Tielong Cheng
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Jing Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
| | - Ermei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
| | - Chen Meng
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technische Universität MünchenFreising, Germany
| | - Nan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
| | - Lanzhen Chen
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
- Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products, Quality and Safety of Ministry of AgricultureBeijing, China
| | - Shengqing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
| | - Zeping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
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364
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Jardine KJ, Chambers JQ, Holm J, Jardine AB, Fontes CG, Zorzanelli RF, Meyers KT, de Souza VF, Garcia S, Gimenez BO, Piva LRDO, Higuchi N, Artaxo P, Martin S, Manzi AO. Green Leaf Volatile Emissions during High Temperature and Drought Stress in a Central Amazon Rainforest. PLANTS 2015; 4:678-90. [PMID: 27135346 PMCID: PMC4844409 DOI: 10.3390/plants4030678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged drought stress combined with high leaf temperatures can induce programmed leaf senescence involving lipid peroxidation, and the loss of net carbon assimilation during early stages of tree mortality. Periodic droughts are known to induce widespread tree mortality in the Amazon rainforest, but little is known about the role of lipid peroxidation during drought-induced leaf senescence. In this study, we present observations of green leaf volatile (GLV) emissions during membrane peroxidation processes associated with the combined effects of high leaf temperatures and drought-induced leaf senescence from individual detached leaves and a rainforest ecosystem in the central Amazon. Temperature-dependent leaf emissions of volatile terpenoids were observed during the morning, and together with transpiration and net photosynthesis, showed a post-midday depression. This post-midday depression was associated with a stimulation of C5 and C6 GLV emissions, which continued to increase throughout the late afternoon in a temperature-independent fashion. During the 2010 drought in the Amazon Basin, which resulted in widespread tree mortality, green leaf volatile emissions (C6 GLVs) were observed to build up within the forest canopy atmosphere, likely associated with high leaf temperatures and enhanced drought-induced leaf senescence processes. The results suggest that observations of GLVs in the tropical boundary layer could be used as a chemical sensor of reduced ecosystem productivity associated with drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolby J Jardine
- Climate Science Department, Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd, building 74, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Q Chambers
- Climate Science Department, Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd, building 74, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- Department of Geography, University of California Berkeley, 507 McCone Hall #4740, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Jennifer Holm
- Climate Science Department, Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd, building 74, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Angela B Jardine
- National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Ave. Andre Araujo 2936, Campus II, Building LBA, Manaus, AM 69.080-97, Brazil.
| | - Clarissa G Fontes
- Department of Geography, University of California Berkeley, 507 McCone Hall #4740, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Raquel F Zorzanelli
- National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Ave. Andre Araujo 2936, Campus II, Building LBA, Manaus, AM 69.080-97, Brazil.
| | - Kimberly T Meyers
- Department of Neurobiology, The Barrow Neurological Institute, Saint Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA.
| | - Vinicius Fernadez de Souza
- National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Ave. Andre Araujo 2936, Campus II, Building LBA, Manaus, AM 69.080-97, Brazil.
| | - Sabrina Garcia
- National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Ave. Andre Araujo 2936, Campus II, Building LBA, Manaus, AM 69.080-97, Brazil.
| | - Bruno O Gimenez
- National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Ave. Andre Araujo 2936, Campus II, Building LBA, Manaus, AM 69.080-97, Brazil.
| | - Luani R de O Piva
- National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Ave. Andre Araujo 2936, Campus II, Building LBA, Manaus, AM 69.080-97, Brazil.
| | - Niro Higuchi
- National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Ave. Andre Araujo 2936, Campus II, Building LBA, Manaus, AM 69.080-97, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Artaxo
- Instituto de Fisica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Rua do Matao, Travessa R, 187 Sao Paulo SP 05508-900, Brazil.
| | - Scot Martin
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Antônio O Manzi
- National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Ave. Andre Araujo 2936, Campus II, Building LBA, Manaus, AM 69.080-97, Brazil.
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365
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Small-scale gene duplications played a major role in the recent evolution of wheat chromosome 3B. Genome Biol 2015; 16:188. [PMID: 26353816 PMCID: PMC4563886 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-015-0754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bread wheat is not only an important crop, but its large (17 Gb), highly repetitive, and hexaploid genome makes it a good model to study the organization and evolution of complex genomes. Recently, we produced a high quality reference sequence of wheat chromosome 3B (774 Mb), which provides an excellent opportunity to study the evolutionary dynamics of a large and polyploid genome, specifically the impact of single gene duplications. Results We find that 27 % of the 3B predicted genes are non-syntenic with the orthologous chromosomes of Brachypodium distachyon, Oryza sativa, and Sorghum bicolor, whereas, by applying the same criteria, non-syntenic genes represent on average only 10 % of the predicted genes in these three model grasses. These non-syntenic genes on 3B have high sequence similarity to at least one other gene in the wheat genome, indicating that hexaploid wheat has undergone massive small-scale interchromosomal gene duplications compared to other grasses. Insertions of non-syntenic genes occurred at a similar rate along the chromosome, but these genes tend to be retained at a higher frequency in the distal, recombinogenic regions. The ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rates showed a more relaxed selection pressure for non-syntenic genes compared to syntenic genes, and gene ontology analysis indicated that non-syntenic genes may be enriched in functions involved in disease resistance. Conclusion Our results highlight the major impact of single gene duplications on the wheat gene complement and confirm the accelerated evolution of the Triticeae lineage among grasses. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-015-0754-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Stress-Responsive Expression, Subcellular Localization and Protein-Protein Interactions of the Rice Metacaspase Family. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:16216-41. [PMID: 26193260 PMCID: PMC4519946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160716216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metacaspases, a class of cysteine-dependent proteases like caspases in animals, are important regulators of programmed cell death (PCD) during development and stress responses in plants. The present study was focused on comprehensive analyses of expression patterns of the rice metacaspase (OsMC) genes in response to abiotic and biotic stresses and stress-related hormones. Results indicate that members of the OsMC family displayed differential expression patterns in response to abiotic (e.g., drought, salt, cold, and heat) and biotic (e.g., infection by Magnaporthe oryzae, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani) stresses and stress-related hormones such as abscisic acid, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and 1-amino cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (a precursor of ethylene), although the responsiveness to these stresses or hormones varies to some extent. Subcellular localization analyses revealed that OsMC1 was solely localized and OsMC2 was mainly localized in the nucleus. Whereas OsMC3, OsMC4, and OsMC7 were evenly distributed in the cells, OsMC5, OsMC6, and OsMC8 were localized in cytoplasm. OsMC1 interacted with OsLSD1 and OsLSD3 while OsMC3 only interacted with OsLSD1 and that the zinc finger domain in OsMC1 is responsible for the interaction activity. The systematic expression and biochemical analyses of the OsMC family provide valuable information for further functional studies on the biological roles of OsMCs in PCD that is related to abiotic and biotic stress responses.
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367
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Du Z, Jia XL, Wang Y, Wu T, Han ZH, Zhang XZ. Redox homeostasis and reactive oxygen species scavengers shift during ontogenetic phase changes in apple. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 236:283-94. [PMID: 26025541 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The change from juvenile to adult phase is a universal phenomenon in perennial plants such as apple. To validate the changes in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels and scavenging during ontogenesis in apple seedlings, the H2O2 contents, its scavenging capacity, and the expression of related genes, as well as miR156 levels, were measured in leaf samples from different nodes in seedlings of 'Zisai Pearl' (Malus asiatica)×'Red Fuji' (M. domestica). Then in vitro shoots were treated with redox modulating chemicals to verify the response of miR156 to redox alteration. The expression of miR156 decreased gradually during ontogenesis, indicating a progressive loss of juvenility. During the phase changes, H2O2 and ascorbate contents, the ratio of ascorbate to dehydroascorbate, the ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and glutathione reductase activities, and the expressions of some MdGR and MdAPX gene family members increased remarkably. However, the glutathione content and glutathione to glutathione disulfide ratio declined. In chemicals treated in vitro shoots, the changes in miR156 levels were coordinated with GSH contents and GSH/GSSG ratio but not H2O2 contents. Conclusively, the relative reductive thiol redox status is critical for the maintenance of juvenility and the reductive ascorbate redox environment was elevated and sustained during the reproductive phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Du
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiao Lin Jia
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Hai Han
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Zhong Zhang
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing 100193, China.
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368
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Biswas MS, Mano J. Lipid Peroxide-Derived Short-Chain Carbonyls Mediate Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced and Salt-Induced Programmed Cell Death in Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 168:885-98. [PMID: 26025050 PMCID: PMC4741343 DOI: 10.1104/pp.115.256834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Lipid peroxide-derived toxic carbonyl compounds (oxylipin carbonyls), produced downstream of reactive oxygen species (ROS), were recently revealed to mediate abiotic stress-induced damage of plants. Here, we investigated how oxylipin carbonyls cause cell death. When tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Bright Yellow-2 (BY-2) cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide, several species of short-chain oxylipin carbonyls [i.e. 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal and acrolein] accumulated and the cells underwent programmed cell death (PCD), as judged based on DNA fragmentation, an increase in terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling-positive nuclei, and cytoplasm retraction. These oxylipin carbonyls caused PCD in BY-2 cells and roots of tobacco and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). To test the possibility that oxylipin carbonyls mediate an oxidative signal to cause PCD, we performed pharmacological and genetic experiments. Carnosine and hydralazine, having distinct chemistry for scavenging carbonyls, significantly suppressed the increase in oxylipin carbonyls and blocked PCD in BY-2 cells and Arabidopsis roots, but they did not affect the levels of ROS and lipid peroxides. A transgenic tobacco line that overproduces 2-alkenal reductase, an Arabidopsis enzyme to detoxify α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, suffered less PCD in root epidermis after hydrogen peroxide or salt treatment than did the wild type, whereas the ROS level increases due to the stress treatments were not different between the lines. From these results, we conclude that oxylipin carbonyls are involved in the PCD process in oxidatively stressed cells. Our comparison of the ability of distinct carbonyls to induce PCD in BY-2 cells revealed that acrolein and 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal are the most potent carbonyls. The physiological relevance and possible mechanisms of the carbonyl-induced PCD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sanaullah Biswas
- United Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan (M.S.B., J.M.); andScience Research Center (J.M.) and Graduate School of Agriculture (J.M.), Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Jun'ichi Mano
- United Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan (M.S.B., J.M.); andScience Research Center (J.M.) and Graduate School of Agriculture (J.M.), Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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369
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Smita S, Katiyar A, Chinnusamy V, Pandey DM, Bansal KC. Transcriptional Regulatory Network Analysis of MYB Transcription Factor Family Genes in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1157. [PMID: 26734052 PMCID: PMC4689866 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
MYB transcription factor (TF) is one of the largest TF families and regulates defense responses to various stresses, hormone signaling as well as many metabolic and developmental processes in plants. Understanding these regulatory hierarchies of gene expression networks in response to developmental and environmental cues is a major challenge due to the complex interactions between the genetic elements. Correlation analyses are useful to unravel co-regulated gene pairs governing biological process as well as identification of new candidate hub genes in response to these complex processes. High throughput expression profiling data are highly useful for construction of co-expression networks. In the present study, we utilized transcriptome data for comprehensive regulatory network studies of MYB TFs by "top-down" and "guide-gene" approaches. More than 50% of OsMYBs were strongly correlated under 50 experimental conditions with 51 hub genes via "top-down" approach. Further, clusters were identified using Markov Clustering (MCL). To maximize the clustering performance, parameter evaluation of the MCL inflation score (I) was performed in terms of enriched GO categories by measuring F-score. Comparison of co-expressed cluster and clads analyzed from phylogenetic analysis signifies their evolutionarily conserved co-regulatory role. We utilized compendium of known interaction and biological role with Gene Ontology enrichment analysis to hypothesize function of coexpressed OsMYBs. In the other part, the transcriptional regulatory network analysis by "guide-gene" approach revealed 40 putative targets of 26 OsMYB TF hubs with high correlation value utilizing 815 microarray data. The putative targets with MYB-binding cis-elements enrichment in their promoter region, functional co-occurrence as well as nuclear localization supports our finding. Specially, enrichment of MYB binding regions involved in drought-inducibility implying their regulatory role in drought response in rice. Thus, the co-regulatory network analysis facilitated the identification of complex OsMYB regulatory networks, and candidate target regulon genes of selected guide MYB genes. The results contribute to the candidate gene screening, and experimentally testable hypotheses for potential regulatory MYB TFs, and their targets under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchi Smita
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of TechnologyMesra, Ranchi, India
| | - Amit Katiyar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of TechnologyMesra, Ranchi, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Dev M. Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of TechnologyMesra, Ranchi, India
| | - Kailash C. Bansal
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Kailash C. Bansal
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