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Bioactive Properties of Nanofibres Based on Concentrated Collagen Hydrolysate Loaded with Thyme and Oregano Essential Oils. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13071618. [PMID: 32244692 PMCID: PMC7178294 DOI: 10.3390/ma13071618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This research aimed to obtain biocompatible and antimicrobial nanofibres based on concentrated collagen hydrolysate loaded with thyme or oregano essential oils as a natural alternative to synthesis products. The essential oils were successfully incorporated using electrospinning process into collagen resulting nanofibres with diameter from 471 nm to 580 nm and porous structure. The presence of essential oils in collagen nanofibre mats was confirmed by Attenuated Total Reflectance -Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS) and antimicrobial activity. Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy analyses allowed evaluating the morphology and constituent elements of the nanofibre networks. Microbiological tests performed against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans showed that the presence of essential oils supplemented the new collagen nanofibres with antimicrobial properties. The biocompatibility of collagen and collagen with essential oils was assessed by in vitro cultivation with NCTC clone 929 of fibroblastic cells and cell viability measurement. The results showed that the collagen and thyme or oregano oil composites have no cytotoxicity up to concentrations of 1000 μg·mL-1 and 500 μg mL-1, respectively. Optimization of electrospinning parameters has led to the obtaining of new collagen electrospun nanofibre mats loaded with essential oils with potential use for wound dressings, tissue engineering or protective clothing.
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352
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Essential Oils of Aromatic Plants with Antibacterial, Anti-Biofilm and Anti-Quorum Sensing Activities against Pathogenic Bacteria. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9040147. [PMID: 32235590 PMCID: PMC7235784 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9040147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Both the ability of bacteria to form biofilms and communicate through quorum sensing allows them to develop different survival or virulence traits that lead to increased bacterial resistance against conventional antibiotic therapy. Here, seventeen essential oils (EOs) were investigated for the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and anti-quorum sensing activities on Escherichia. coli O157:H7, Escherichia coli O33, and Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228. All essential oils were isolated from plant material by using hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. The antimicrobial activity was performed by using the microdilution technique. Subinhibitory concentrations of each EO were assayed for biofilm inhibition in both bacterial strains. Quantification of violacein in Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 was performed for the anti-quorum sensing activity. The cytotoxicity activity of the EOs was evaluated on Vero cell line by using MTT method. Thymol-carvacrol-chemotype (I and II) oils from Lippia origanoides and Thymus vulgaris oil exhibited the higher antimicrobial activity with MIC values of 0.37-0.75 mg/mL. In addition, these EOs strongly inhibited the biofilm formation and violacein (QS) production in a concentration-dependent manner, highlighting thymol-carvacrol-chemotype (II) oil as the best candidate for further studies in antibiotic design and development against bacterial resistance.
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353
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Basavegowda N, Patra JK, Baek KH. Essential Oils and Mono/bi/tri-Metallic Nanocomposites as Alternative Sources of Antimicrobial Agents to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms: An Overview. Molecules 2020; 25:E1058. [PMID: 32120930 PMCID: PMC7179174 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, many pathogenic bacteria have become resistant to existing antibiotics, which has become a threat to infectious disease control worldwide. Hence, there has been an extensive search for new, efficient, and alternative sources of antimicrobial agents to combat multidrug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms. Numerous studies have reported the potential of both essential oils and metal/metal oxide nanocomposites with broad spectra of bioactivities including antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial attributes. However, only monometallic nanoparticles combined with essential oils have been reported on so far with limited data. Bi- and tri-metallic nanoparticles have attracted immense attention because of their diverse sizes, shapes, high surface-to-volume ratios, activities, physical and chemical stability, and greater degree of selectivity. Combination therapy is currently blooming and represents a potential area that requires greater attention and is worthy of future investigations. This review summarizes the synergistic effects of essential oils with other antimicrobial combinations such as mono-, bi-, and tri-metallic nanocomposites. Thus, the various aspects of this comprehensive review may prove useful in the development of new and alternative therapeutics against antibiotic resistant pathogens in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraj Basavegowda
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38451, Korea;
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38451, Korea;
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Feyaerts AF, Luyten W, Van Dijck P. Striking essential oil: tapping into a largely unexplored source for drug discovery. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2867. [PMID: 32071337 PMCID: PMC7028914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59332-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) have been used therapeutically for centuries. In recent decades, randomized controlled (clinical) trials have supported efficacy in specific therapeutic indications for a few of them. Some EOs, their components or derivatives thereof have been approved as drugs. Nevertheless, they are still considered products that are mainly used in complementary and alternative medicine. EO components occupy a special niche in chemical space, that offers unique opportunities based on their unusual physicochemical properties, because they are typically volatile and hydrophobic. Here we evaluate selected physicochemical parameters, used in conventional drug discovery, of EO components present in a range of commercially available EOs. We show that, contrary to generally held belief, most EO components meet current-day requirements of medicinal chemistry for good drug candidates. Moreover, they also offer attractive opportunities for lead optimization or even fragment-based drug discovery. Because their therapeutic potential is still under-scrutinized, we propose that this be explored more vigorously with present-day methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam F Feyaerts
- VIB Center for Microbiology, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Walter Luyten
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Van Dijck
- VIB Center for Microbiology, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
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355
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Ebani VV, Bertelloni F, Najar B, Nardoni S, Pistelli L, Mancianti F. Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils against Staphylococcus and Malassezia Strains Isolated from Canine Dermatitis. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8020252. [PMID: 32069976 PMCID: PMC7074795 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus spp. bacteria are the most frequently involved agents in canine cutaneous infections. Treatment of these infections is based on antibiotic therapy, that often is not effective because of the antibiotic-resistance of the bacterial strains. Cutaneous staphylococcal infections are often complicated by Malassezia yeasts, that may be resistant to the conventional antifungal drugs. The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of some essential oils (EOs) in view of a potential cutaneous application. In detail, EOs obtained from lemon verbena (Aloysia triphylla L'Hèr. Britton), cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum J. Presl), myrrh (Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl. var. molmol), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf), litsea (Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers.), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.), oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), savory (Satureja montana L.), and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) were assayed against Staphylococcus spp. and Malassezia pachydermatis strains previously isolated from dogs with dermatitis. All EOs were tested by agar disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration methods to verify the antistaphylococcal activity, and by a microdilution method to evaluate the activity against M. pachydermatis. O. vulgare, T. vulgaris, and S. montana showed the best antibacterial activity against all the selected strains, with MICs ranging from 0.29 to 0.58 mg/mL, from 0.58 to 1.16 mg/mL, and from 0.56 to 1.12 mg/mL, respectively, whereas A. triphylla (1.03 mg/mL) and S. montana (1.8 mg/mL) were the most active against M. pachydermatis. After a proper in vivo evaluation, O. vulgare, T. vulgaris, and S. montana EOs could be a promising treatment to combat canine cutaneous mixed infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Virginia Ebani
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (S.N.); (F.M.)
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute”, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-05-0221-6968
| | - Fabrizio Bertelloni
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (S.N.); (F.M.)
| | - Basma Najar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Simona Nardoni
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (S.N.); (F.M.)
| | - Luisa Pistelli
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute”, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesca Mancianti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (S.N.); (F.M.)
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute”, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
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356
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Usach I, Margarucci E, Manca ML, Caddeo C, Aroffu M, Petretto GL, Manconi M, Peris JE. Comparison between Citral and Pompia Essential Oil Loaded in Phospholipid Vesicles for the Treatment of Skin and Mucosal Infections. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020286. [PMID: 32046201 PMCID: PMC7075235 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Citrus species extracts are well known sources of bio-functional compounds with health-promoting effects. In particular, essential oils are known for their antibacterial activity due to the high content of terpenes. In this work, the steam-distilled essential oil from the leaves of Citrus limon var. pompia was loaded in phospholipid vesicles. The physico-chemical characteristics of the essential oil loaded vesicles were compared with those of vesicles that were loaded with citral, which is one of the most abundant terpenes of Citrus essential oils. The biocompatibility of the vesicles was assessed in vitro in human keratinocytes. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the vesicles was tested while using different bacterial strains and a yeast: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans, respectively. The vesicles were small in size (~140 nm), slightly polydispersed (PI ~ 0.31), highly negatively charged (~ −73 mV), and able to incorporate high amounts of essential oil or citral (E% ~ 86%). Pompia essential oil and citral exhibited antimicrobial activity against all of the assayed microorganisms, with P. aeruginosa being the least sensitive. Citral was slightly more effective than pompia essential oil against E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans. The incorporation of citral in vesicles improved its antifungal activity against C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Usach
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. V. Andrés Estellés, s/n Burjassot, Valencia 46100, Spain; (I.U.); (E.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Margarucci
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. V. Andrés Estellés, s/n Burjassot, Valencia 46100, Spain; (I.U.); (E.M.)
- Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, Cagliari 09124, Italy; (M.L.M.); (C.C.); (M.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, Cagliari 09124, Italy; (M.L.M.); (C.C.); (M.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Carla Caddeo
- Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, Cagliari 09124, Italy; (M.L.M.); (C.C.); (M.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Matteo Aroffu
- Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, Cagliari 09124, Italy; (M.L.M.); (C.C.); (M.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Giacomo L. Petretto
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy;
| | - Maria Manconi
- Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, Cagliari 09124, Italy; (M.L.M.); (C.C.); (M.A.); (M.M.)
| | - José-Esteban Peris
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. V. Andrés Estellés, s/n Burjassot, Valencia 46100, Spain; (I.U.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-543-353; Fax: +34-963-544-911
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357
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Da Silva RS, De Oliveira MMG, Silva KP, Da Silva Vasconcelos Rodrigues I, Dos Santos Pinto V, Blank AF, Fernandes RPM. Synergistic effect of Cordia curassavica Jacq. essential oils association against the phytopathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:4376-4389. [PMID: 31832936 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06631-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The increased use of pesticides applied to treat diseases caused by bacteria has caused serious environmental problems. There are few fungicides/bactericides for the treatment of plant diseases caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), and only two natural products with general bactericidal/fungicidal use are available on the market. Thus, this study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs), and their combinations, from five distinct genotypes of Cordia curassavica (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult (Syn. Varronia curassavica Jacq.) (CCUR) against Xcc. GC/MS chemical analysis revealed α-pinene, sabinene, (E)-caryophyllene, ar-curcumene, β-sesquiphellandrene, 7-cyclodecen-1-one, and ar-Turmerone as the major compounds of the five EOs of CCUR. All EOs showed growth inhibition of Xcc with minimum inhibitory concentration between 500 and 1000 μg mL-1. The associations between two EOs from different CCUR genotypes showed that 70% of the total combinations had an additive effect. However, the combinations between CCUR-002 × (-302, -202) and CCUR-302 × (-601) showed a synergistic effect, with mean fractional inhibitory concentration FIC50 values of 0.28, 0.42, and 0.40, respectively. This study demonstrates that combinations of C. curassavica EOs have antimicrobial activity and a potential to be used in the control of black rot. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Salomão Da Silva
- Laboratório de Enzimologia, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil
| | | | - Kleiton Paulo Silva
- Laboratório de Enzimologia, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil
| | | | - Vanderson Dos Santos Pinto
- Laboratório de Recursos Genéticos e Óleos Essenciais, Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Arie Fitzgerald Blank
- Laboratório de Recursos Genéticos e Óleos Essenciais, Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil
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358
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Yadav V, Krishnan A, Vohora D. A systematic review on Piper longum L.: Bridging traditional knowledge and pharmacological evidence for future translational research. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 247:112255. [PMID: 31568819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Piper longum, commonly referred as 'Pippali', has found its traditional use in India, Malaysia, Singapore and other South Asian countries as an analgesic, carminative, anti-diarrhoeic, immunostimulant, post childbirth to check postpartum hemorrhage and to treat asthma, insomnia, dementia, epilepsy, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, spleen disorder, puerperal fever, leprosy etc. AIM OF THE REVIEW: This review offers essential data focusing on the traditional use, phytochemistry and pharmacological profile of Piper longum thereby identifying research gaps and future opportunities for investigation on this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic survey was accomplished as per the PRISMA guidelines. The information was collected from books, and electronic search (PubMed, Science Direct, Lilca and Scielo) during 1967-2019. RESULTS Many phytochemicals have been identified till date, including alkaloids as its major secondary metabolites (piperine and piperlongumine), essential oil, flavonoids and steroids. These exhibit a wide range of activities including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-parkinsonian, anti-stress, nootropic, anti-epileptic, anti-hyperglycemic, hepatoprotective, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-platelet, anti-angiogenic, immunomodulatory, anti-arthritic, anti-ulcer, anti-asthmatic, anthelmintic action, anti-amebic, anti-fungal, mosquito larvicidal and anti-snake venom. CONCLUSION Amongst various activities, bioscientific clarification in relation to its ethnopharmacological perspective has been evidenced mainly for anti-amebic, anthelminthic, anti-tumor and anti-diabetic activity. However, despite traditional claims, insufficient scientific validation for the treatment of insomnia, dementia, epilepsy, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, spleen disorder, puerperal fever and leprosy, necessitate future investigations in this direction. It is also essential and critical to generate toxicological data and pharmacokinetics on human subjects so as to confirm its conceivable bio-active components in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Yadav
- Neurobehavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Anuja Krishnan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Divya Vohora
- Neurobehavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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359
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Super Critical Fluid Extracted Fatty Acids from Withania somnifera Seeds Repair Psoriasis-Like Skin Lesions and Attenuate Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) Release. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020185. [PMID: 31991752 PMCID: PMC7072271 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Withania somnifera Dunal (Ashwagandha) is a widely used medicinal herb in traditional medicinal systems with extensive research on various plant parts. Surprisingly, seeds of W. somnifera have never been investigated for their therapeutic potential. (2) Methods: W. somnifera seeds were extracted for fatty acids (WSSO) using super critical fluid extraction, and was analyzed by gas chromatography. Its therapeutic potential in psoriasis-like skin etiologies was investigated using a 12-O tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced psoriatic mouse model. Psoriatic inflammation along with psoriatic lesions and histopathological scores were recorded. WSSO was also tested on murine macrophage (RAW264.7), human epidermoid (A431), and monocytic (THP-1) cells, stimulated with TPA or lipo poly-saccharide (LPS) to induce pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6 and TNF-α) release. NFκB promoter activity was also measured by luciferase reporter assay. (3) Results: Topical application of WSSO with concurrent oral doses significantly reduced inflammation-induced edema, and repaired psoriatic lesions and associated histopathological scores. Inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines release was observed in WSSO-treated A431 and THP-1 cells, along with reduced NFκB expression. WSSO also inhibited reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. (4) Conclusion: Here we show that the fatty acids from W. somnifera seeds have strong anti-inflammatory properties, along with remarkable therapeutic potential on psoriasis-like skin etiologies.
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360
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Karpiński TM. Essential Oils of Lamiaceae Family Plants as Antifungals. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010103. [PMID: 31936168 PMCID: PMC7023020 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of fungal infections has been steadily increasing in recent years. Systemic mycoses are characterized by the highest mortality. At the same time, the frequency of infections caused by drug-resistant strains and new pathogens e.g., Candida auris increases. An alternative to medicines may be essential oils, which can have a broad antimicrobial spectrum. Rich in the essential oils are plants from the Lamiaceae family. In this review are presented antifungal activities of essential oils from 72 Lamiaceae plants. More than half of these have good activity (minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) < 1000 µg/mL) against fungi. The best activity (MICs < 100) have essential oils from some species of the genera Clinopodium, Lavandula, Mentha, Thymbra, and Thymus. In some cases were observed significant discrepancies between different studies. In the review are also shown the most important compounds of described essential oils. To the chemical components most commonly found as the main ingredients include β-caryophyllene (41 plants), linalool (27 plants), limonene (26), β-pinene (25), 1,8-cineole (22), carvacrol (21), α-pinene (21), p-cymene (20), γ-terpinene (20), and thymol (20).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz M Karpiński
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland
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361
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Sharma Y, Velamuri R, Fagan J, Schaefer J, Streicher C, Stimson J. Identification and characterization of polyphenols and volatile terpenoid compounds in different extracts of garden sage (Salvia officinalis L.). Pharmacognosy Res 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pr.pr_92_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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362
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Anastasiou TI, Mandalakis M, Krigas N, Vézignol T, Lazari D, Katharios P, Dailianis T, Antonopoulou E. Comparative Evaluation of Essential Oils from Medicinal-Aromatic Plants of Greece: Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity against Bacterial Fish Pathogens. Molecules 2019; 25:E148. [PMID: 31905915 PMCID: PMC6982863 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The administration of antibiotics in aquaculture has raised concern about the impact of their overuse in marine ecosystems, seafood safety and consumers' health. This "green consumerism" has forced researchers to find new alternatives against fish pathogens. The present study focused on 12 Mediterranean medicinal-aromatic plants as potential antimicrobials and antioxidant agents that could be used in fish aquaculture. In vitro assays showed that the essential oils (EOs) from all studied plants had anti-bacterial and antioxidant properties, with their efficacy being dependent on their chemical composition. More specifically, EOs rich in carvacrol, p-cymene and γ-terpinene exhibited not only the strongest inhibitory activity against the growth of bacterial pathogens (inhibitory concentration: 26-88 μg mL-1), but also the greatest total antioxidant capacity (ABTS: 2591-5879 μmole mL-1; CUPRAC: 931-2733 μmole mL-1). These compounds were mainly found in the EOs from Greek oregano (Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum), Spanish oregano (Thymbra capitata) and savoury (Satureja thymbra) collected from cultivations in Greece. The specific EOs stand out as promising candidates for the treatment of bacterial diseases and oxidative stress in farmed fish. Further in vivo experiments are needed to fully understand the effects of EO dietary supplementation on fish farming processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thekla I. Anastasiou
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (T.I.A.); (T.V.); (P.K.); (T.D.)
| | - Manolis Mandalakis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (T.I.A.); (T.V.); (P.K.); (T.D.)
| | - Nikos Krigas
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, P.O. Box 60458, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Thomas Vézignol
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (T.I.A.); (T.V.); (P.K.); (T.D.)
| | - Diamanto Lazari
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Pantelis Katharios
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (T.I.A.); (T.V.); (P.K.); (T.D.)
| | - Thanos Dailianis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (T.I.A.); (T.V.); (P.K.); (T.D.)
| | - Efthimia Antonopoulou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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Kwiatkowski P, Łopusiewicz Ł, Kostek M, Drozłowska E, Pruss A, Wojciuk B, Sienkiewicz M, Zielińska-Bliźniewska H, Dołęgowska B. The Antibacterial Activity of Lavender Essential Oil Alone and In Combination with Octenidine Dihydrochloride against MRSA Strains. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010095. [PMID: 31888005 PMCID: PMC6982929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the post-antibiotic era the issue of bacterial resistance refers not only to antibiotics themselves but also to common antiseptics like octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT). This appears as an emerging challenge in terms of preventing staphylococcal infections, which are both potentially severe and easy to transfer horizontally. Essential oils have shown synergisms both with antibiotics and antiseptics. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of lavender essential oil (LEO) on OCT efficiency towards methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains (MRSA). The LEO analyzed in this study increased the OCT’s susceptibility against MRSA strains. Subsequent FTIR analysis revealed cellular wall modifications in MRSA strain cultured in media supplemented with OCT or LEO/OCT. In conclusion, LEO appears to be a promising candidate for an efficient enhancer of conventional antiseptics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Kwiatkowski
- Department of Diagnostic Immunology, Chair of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72 Powstańców Wielkopolskich Avenue, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (B.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-91-466-1659
| | - Łukasz Łopusiewicz
- Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Janickiego 35, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (Ł.Ł.); (E.D.)
| | - Mateusz Kostek
- Department of Diagnostic Immunology, Chair of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72 Powstańców Wielkopolskich Avenue, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (B.W.)
| | - Emilia Drozłowska
- Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Janickiego 35, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (Ł.Ł.); (E.D.)
| | - Agata Pruss
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chair of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72 Powstańców Wielkopolskich Avenue, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Bartosz Wojciuk
- Department of Diagnostic Immunology, Chair of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72 Powstańców Wielkopolskich Avenue, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (B.W.)
| | - Monika Sienkiewicz
- Department of Allergology and Respiratory Rehabilitation, Medical University of Łódź, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Łódź, Poland; (M.S.); (H.Z.-B.)
| | - Hanna Zielińska-Bliźniewska
- Department of Allergology and Respiratory Rehabilitation, Medical University of Łódź, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Łódź, Poland; (M.S.); (H.Z.-B.)
| | - Barbara Dołęgowska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chair of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72 Powstańców Wielkopolskich Avenue, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.P.); (B.D.)
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364
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Munteanu SB, Vasile C. Vegetable Additives in Food Packaging Polymeric Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 12:E28. [PMID: 31877858 PMCID: PMC7023556 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are the most abundant bioresources, providing valuable materials that can be used as additives in polymeric materials, such as lignocellulosic fibers, nano-cellulose, or lignin, as well as plant extracts containing bioactive phenolic and flavonoid compounds used in the healthcare, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and nutraceutical industries. The incorporation of additives into polymeric materials improves their properties to make them suitable for multiple applications. Efforts are made to incorporate into the raw polymers various natural biobased and biodegradable additives with a low environmental fingerprint, such as by-products, biomass, plant extracts, etc. In this review we will illustrate in the first part recent examples of lignocellulosic materials, lignin, and nano-cellulose as reinforcements or fillers in various polymer matrices and in the second part various applications of plant extracts as active ingredients in food packaging materials based on polysaccharide matrices (chitosan/starch/alginate).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cornelia Vasile
- “P. Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 41A Grigore GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
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365
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Popova V, Ivanova T, Stoyanova A, Nikolova V, Hristeva T, Gochev V, Yonchev Y, Nikolov N, Zheljazkov VD. Terpenoids in the Essential Oil and Concentrated Aromatic Products Obtained from Nicotiana glutinosa L. Leaves. Molecules 2019; 25:E30. [PMID: 31861797 PMCID: PMC6983188 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
N. glutinosa L. is a relatively less studied Nicotiana species (Solanaceae), although there are data about its importance as a model plant in viral control studies, as a gene donor in tobacco hybridization and as a source of agents with insecticidal or fungicidal effects. The biological activities of the species were associated mostly with the presence of leaf surface metabolites, in particular diterpenes and sucrose esters. The aim of this study was to identify the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) and two aromatic extraction products (concrete and resinoid) obtained from N. glutinosa L. leaves. GC-MS analysis identified 26 components in the EO (representing 97.3% of total oil content), which contained mostly diterpene compounds with major components manool (14.2%), sclarene (8.4%) and manoyl oxide (8.1%). The number of compounds identified in the concrete was 37 (95.5% of the total content) and the major component was the diterpene alcohol sclareol (14.2%). In the resinoid, 30 volatile components (representing 95.1% of resinoid content) were identified, with major components nicotine (32.9%), α-tocopherol (8.2%), tridecanoin (6.9%), sclareol (6.9%), and solanone (6.9%). The group of bicyclic diterpenes had the largest share in the diterpene fraction of the products (57.3%, 91.7%, and 86.3%, respectively for the EO, concrete, and resinoid). Considering the abundance of sclareol in the aromatic products, the antimicrobial activity of the pure substance was determined. Sclareol was highly effective against a set of medicinally important yeasts; Candida albicans АТСС 10231, C. glabrata ATCC 90030, C. parapsilosis clinical isolate, and C. tropicalis NBIMCC 23, while being less effective against the studied Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Data from the study on N. glutinosa aromatic products composition may be of interest to the aroma industries for their possible use in perfumery and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venelina Popova
- Department of Tobacco, Sugar, Vegetable and Essential Oils, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Tanya Ivanova
- Department of Tobacco, Sugar, Vegetable and Essential Oils, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Albena Stoyanova
- Department of Tobacco, Sugar, Vegetable and Essential Oils, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Violeta Nikolova
- Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute—Bulgarian Agricultural Academy, 4108 Markovo, Bulgaria
| | - Tsveta Hristeva
- Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute—Bulgarian Agricultural Academy, 4108 Markovo, Bulgaria
| | - Velizar Gochev
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Yonko Yonchev
- Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute—Bulgarian Agricultural Academy, 4108 Markovo, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolay Nikolov
- Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute—Bulgarian Agricultural Academy, 4108 Markovo, Bulgaria
| | - Valtcho D. Zheljazkov
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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366
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Can Karaca A. Encapsulation of black pepper seed oil using maltodextrin and pea protein. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2019; 26:369-378. [PMID: 31856593 DOI: 10.1177/1082013219896429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this research was to determine the physicochemical and emulsifying properties of pea protein, gum arabic, and maltodextrin and to investigate their potential for stabilizing black pepper seed oil emulsions and acting as carrier materials for spray dried microcapsules. The moisture content and water activity of pea protein and maltodextrin (∼5.5 g/100 g and ∼0.22) were found to be significantly lower than that of gum arabic (11.5 g/100 g and 0.46) whereas the glass transition temperatures of pea protein and maltodextrin (∼99.4 ℃) was significantly higher than that of gum arabic (72 ℃). Pea protein showed the highest viscosity (53.8 mPa s), the lowest surface tension (42.5 mN/m), and interfacial tension (10.5 mN/m) among the biopolymer materials studied. A mixture design was employed to investigate the effect of biopolymer formulation on droplet size and creaming stability of black pepper seed oil emulsions. Stable emulsions with relatively smaller droplet size were spray dried to produce microcapsules. Spray dried black pepper seed oil microcapsules produced with 1% pea protein and 39% maltodextrin had low surface oil (∼0.8%) and high encapsulation efficiency (95%). The results of this study suggest that pea protein in combination with maltodextrin can be used as carrier materials in encapsulation of black pepper seed oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli Can Karaca
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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367
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The Effect of Ten Essential Oils on Several Cutaneous Drug-Resistant Microorganisms and Their Cyto/Genotoxic and Antioxidant Properties. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244570. [PMID: 31847159 PMCID: PMC6943746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we determined the antimicrobial activity of ten essential oils (EOs)—oregano, thyme, clove, arborvitae, cassia, lemongrass, melaleuca, eucalyptus, lavender, and clary sage—against drug-resistant microorganisms previously isolated from patients with skin infections. The essential oil compositions were determined using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The assayed bacteria included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Citrobacter koseri, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Two drug-resistant yeasts (Candidaalbicans and Candida parapsilosis) were also involved in our survey. Oregano, thyme, cassia, lemongrass and arborvitae showed very strong antibacterial and antifungal activity against all tested strains. These results show that these essential oils may be effective in preventing the growth of the drug-resistant microorganisms responsible for wound infections. In this study, the genotoxic effects of tested essential oils on healthy human keratinocytes HaCaT were evaluated using the comet assay for the first time. These results revealed that none of the essential oils induced significant DNA damage in vitro after 24 h. Moreover, the treatment of HaCaT cells with essential oils increased the total antioxidant status (TAS) level. The obtained results indicate that EOs could be used as a potential source of safe and potent natural antimicrobial and antioxidant agents in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
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368
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Chemical Composition of Essential Oil from Flower Heads of Arnica Chamissonis Less. under a Nitrogen Impact. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 24:molecules24244454. [PMID: 31817349 PMCID: PMC6943594 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chamisso arnica (Arnica chamissonis Less.) is a valuable plant species used in the pharmaceutical industry due to the content of many pharmacologically active substances and the similarity of its chemical composition to that of Arnica montana—a medicinal plant commonly used in pharmacy and cosmetics. The similarity of the two plant species implies that chamisso arnica can be a pharmaceutical substitute for the mountain arnica, i.e., an endangered and endemic plant species in Europe. Chamisso arnica extracts exhibit anti-inflammatory and antiradical activity and possesses high antioxidant properties that might be helpful in preventing or delaying the progress of free radical dependent diseases. The attributes of A. chamissonis are mainly related to the content and chemical composition of essential oil. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of essential oil derived from A. chamissonis flower heads under a nitrogen impact. The experiment was performed on experimental fields in mid-eastern Poland on two soil types (sandy and loamy soils). The nitrogen fertilizer was applied as ammonium sulfate (control, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg N ha−1). Collection of flower heads was carried out in the full flowering phase, which was characterized by the highest content of essential oil. The chemical composition of essential oil was examined using GC-MS. Among the 75 ingredients of the volatile oil of chamisso arnica flower heads, alpha-pinene, cumene, p-cymene, germacrene D, spathulenol, decanal, caryophyllene oxide, beta-pinene, and benzene acetaldehyde were present at relatively high levels. Both the nitrogen application and the soil type had an effect on the oil concentration and the yield of the main constituents (alpha-pinene and germacrene D) with pharmacological value. Different levels of nitrogen application could be considered as a relevant way to modify the chemical composition and to increase the essential oil production.
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369
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Trucillo P, Campardelli R, Reverchon E. Antioxidant loaded emulsions entrapped in liposomes produced using a supercritical assisted technique. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2019.104626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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370
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Inhibition of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica Isolates on Spinach Leaf Surfaces Using Eugenol-Loaded Surfactant Micelles. Foods 2019; 8:foods8110575. [PMID: 31731592 PMCID: PMC6915615 DOI: 10.3390/foods8110575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinach and other leafy green vegetables have been linked to foodborne disease outbreaks of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonellaenterica around the globe. In this study, the antimicrobial activities of surfactant micelles formed from the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), SDS micelle-loaded eugenol (1.0% eugenol), 1.0% free eugenol, 200 ppm free chlorine, and sterile water were tested against the human pathogens E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Saintpaul, and naturally occurring microorganisms, on spinach leaf surfaces during storage at 5 °C over 10 days. Spinach samples were immersed in antimicrobial treatment solution for 2.0 min at 25 °C, after which treatment solutions were drained off and samples were either subjected to analysis or prepared for refrigerated storage. Whereas empty SDS micelles produced moderate reductions in counts of both pathogens (2.1–3.2 log10 CFU/cm2), free and micelle-entrapped eugenol treatments reduced pathogens by >5.0 log10 CFU/cm2 to below the limit of detection (<0.5 log10 CFU/cm2). Micelle-loaded eugenol produced the greatest numerical reductions in naturally contaminating aerobic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, and fungi, though these reductions did not differ statistically from reductions achieved by un-encapsulated eugenol and 200 ppm chlorine. Micelles-loaded eugenol could be used as a novel antimicrobial technology to decontaminate fresh spinach from microbial pathogens.
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371
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Valdivieso-Ugarte M, Gomez-Llorente C, Plaza-Díaz J, Gil Á. Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Essential Oils: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2786. [PMID: 31731683 PMCID: PMC6893664 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are a mixture of natural, volatile, and aromatic compounds obtained from plants. In recent years, several studies have shown that some of their benefits can be attributed to their antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and also immunomodulatory properties. Therefore, EOs have been proposed as a natural alternative to antibiotics or for use in combination with antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria in animal feed and food preservation. Most of the results come from in vitro and in vivo studies; however, very little is known about their use in clinical studies. A systematic and comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase®, and Scopus from December 2014 to April 2019 using different combinations of the following keywords: essential oils, volatile oils, antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunomodulation, and microbiota. Some EOs have demonstrated their efficacy against several foodborne pathogens in vitro and model food systems; namely, the inhibition of S. aureus, V. cholerae, and C. albicans has been observed. EOs have shown remarkable antioxidant activities when used at a dose range of 0.01 to 10 mg/mL in cell models, which can be attributed to their richness in phenolic compounds. Moreover, selected EOs exhibit immunomodulatory activities that have been mainly attributed to their ability to modify the secretion of cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Valdivieso-Ugarte
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain; (M.V.-U.); (J.P.-D.); (Á.G.)
| | - Carolina Gomez-Llorente
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain; (M.V.-U.); (J.P.-D.); (Á.G.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- ibs.GRANADA, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Plaza-Díaz
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain; (M.V.-U.); (J.P.-D.); (Á.G.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- ibs.GRANADA, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain; (M.V.-U.); (J.P.-D.); (Á.G.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- ibs.GRANADA, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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372
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Lippia sidoides and Lippia origanoides essential oils affect the viability, motility and ultrastructure of Trypanosoma cruzi. Micron 2019; 129:102781. [PMID: 31830667 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2019.102781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is considered a public health problem. The current chemotherapy for this illness causes serious side effects and its use in the chronic phase of the disease is still controversial. In this regard, the investigation of novel therapeutic strategies remains a priority. The essential oils (EOs) from aromatic plants emerge as a promising source of bioactive compounds. In a previous work we reported the trypanocidal activity of the essential oils from the medicinal plants Lippia sidoides (LSEO) and Lippia origanoides (LOEO) against T. cruzi. Herein, we aimed to further investigate, in more details, the mode of action of LSEO and LOEO on the different developmental stages of this parasite. We showed that Lippia sidoides (LSEO) and Lippia origanoides (LOEO) induced a significant reduction in the percentage of macrophages infected by T. cruzi and in the number of intracellular parasites. Ultrastructural analysis showed that the treatment with both oils caused morphological changes consistent with loss of viability and cell death. The reduced staining with calcein and the increase in the proportion of HE-positive cells also demonstrated that LSEO and LOEO caused loss of parasite viability and membrane integrity. A considerable decrease in Rhodamine 123 and an increase in fluorescence intensity of MitoSox in LOEO were indicative of loss of mitochondrial potential and generation of reactive oxygen species, which ultimately lead to parasite death. Moreover, the optical tweezer analysis indicated that LOEO was more effective in reducing the motility of the epimastigotes. Taken together, our results demonstrated that the LSEO and LOEO are active against T. cruzi and constitute a promising drugs for the therapy of Chagas disease.
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373
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Ben-Fadhel Y, Maherani B, Aragones M, Lacroix M. Antimicrobial Properties of Encapsulated Antimicrobial Natural Plant Products for Ready-to-Eat Carrots. Foods 2019; 8:E535. [PMID: 31683824 PMCID: PMC6915581 DOI: 10.3390/foods8110535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of natural antimicrobials (fruit extracts, essential oils and derivates), was assessed against six bacteria species (E. coli O157:H7, L. monocytogenes, S. Typhimurium, B. subtilis, E. faecium and S. aureus), two molds (A. flavus and P. chrysogenum) and a yeast (C. albicans) using disk diffusion method. Then, the antimicrobial compounds having high inhibitory capacity were evaluated for the determination of their minimum inhibitory, bactericidal and fungicidal concentration (MIC, MBC and MFC respectively). Total phenols and flavonoids content, radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power of selected compounds were also evaluated. Based on in vitro assays, five antimicrobial compounds were selected for their lowest effective concentration. Results showed that, most of these antimicrobial compounds had a high concentration of total phenols and flavonoids and a good anti-oxidant and anti-radical activity. In situ study showed that natural antimicrobials mix, applied on the carrot surface, reduced significantly the count of the initial mesophilic total flora (TMF), molds and yeasts and allowed an extension of the shelf-life of carrots by two days as compared to the control. However, the chemical treatment (mix of peroxyacetic acid and hydrogen peroxide) showed antifungal activity and a slight reduction of TMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra Ben-Fadhel
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS-Armand Frappier, Health and Biotechnology Center, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functionals Foods, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Behnoush Maherani
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS-Armand Frappier, Health and Biotechnology Center, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functionals Foods, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Melinda Aragones
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS-Armand Frappier, Health and Biotechnology Center, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functionals Foods, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Monique Lacroix
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS-Armand Frappier, Health and Biotechnology Center, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functionals Foods, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
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374
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Kachur K, Suntres Z. The antibacterial properties of phenolic isomers, carvacrol and thymol. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:3042-3053. [PMID: 31617738 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1675585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Most of the antibacterial activities of essential oils from the Lamiaceae herbaceous plant family thyme and oregano are attributed to their bioactive isomeric monoterpenoid constituents, carvacrol and thymol. Commercially available antibiotics of thymol or carvacrol have not yet been developed but health products have incorporated thymol into their formulations for their antimicrobial properties. Carvacrol and thymol are generally considered safe for consumption and they have been used in dental applications, approved as food flavorings and have been considered as antibacterial additives in food and feed. Many studies have demonstrated that carvacrol and thymol are potent antibacterial agents against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The most frequently reported mechanism of antibacterial action of both isomers involves the disruption of bacterial membrane leading to bacterial lysis and leakage of intracellular contents resulting in death. Other proposed mechanisms of antibacterial action include the inhibition of efflux pumps, prevention in the formation and disruption of preformed biofilms, inhibition of bacterial motility, and inhibition of membrane ATPases. In addition, both isomers have been found to act additively or synergistically with conventional antibiotics important in overcoming the problem of bacteria resistance in food and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Kachur
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zacharias Suntres
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.,Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
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375
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Essential Oils and Their Natural Active Compounds Presenting Antifungal Properties. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203713. [PMID: 31619024 PMCID: PMC6832927 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The current rise in invasive fungal infections due to the increase in immunosuppressive therapies is a real concern. Moreover, the emergence of resistant strains induces therapeutic failures. In light of these issues, new classes of antifungals are anticipated. Therefore, the plant kingdom represents an immense potential of natural resources to exploit for these purposes. The aim of this review is to provide information about the antifungal effect of some important essential oils, and to describe the advances made in determining the mechanism of action more precisely. Finally, the issues of toxicity and resistance of fungi to essential oils will be discussed.
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376
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Muntean D, Licker M, Alexa E, Popescu I, Jianu C, Buda V, Dehelean CA, Ghiulai R, Horhat F, Horhat D, Danciu C. Evaluation of essential oil obtained from Mentha× piperita L. against multidrug-resistant strains. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:2905-2914. [PMID: 31686869 PMCID: PMC6751511 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s218141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial multidrug resistance currently poses an increasingly serious threat, with important clinical consequences regarding treatment options. In 2017, the WHO released a global list of resistant bacteria, identifying multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria such as carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Acinetobacter baumannii, extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae as critical priorities for developing new strategies of treatment. Purpose The novelty presented in this study refers to the evaluation of the volatile oil obtained from the leaves of Mentha×piperita L., on MDR strains from hospitalized patients. Material and methods The essential oil was extracted by steam distillation and tested on six reference bacterial strains and also on the MDR strains collected from patients of the “Pius Brînzeu” Emergency Clinical County Hospital Timișoara. The in vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar disk diffusion method and microdilution method. Results Testing the antibacterial activity of peppermint oil on both reference strains and isolated MDR strains from hospitalized patients demonstrated its bactericidal effect. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was lower (20 mg/mL) for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis and higher (40 mg/mL) for Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii strains. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was equal to MIC, with the exception of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, where MBC was the double of MIC. Conclusion The present study highlights the bactericidal activity of Mentha×piperita L. essential oil on all tested MDR or extensively drug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. This oil may be a therapeutic option in the near future for many infectious diseases produced by MDR bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Muntean
- Department of Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara 300041, Romania
| | - Monica Licker
- Department of Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara 300041, Romania
| | - Ersilia Alexa
- Department of Food Control, Faculty of Food Processing Technology, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania", Timisoara 300645, Romania
| | - Iuliana Popescu
- Department of Food Control, Faculty of Food Processing Technology, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania", Timisoara 300645, Romania
| | - Calin Jianu
- Department of Food Tehnologies, Faculty of Food Engineering, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania", Timişoara 300645, Romania
| | - Valentina Buda
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara 300041, Romania
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara 300041, Romania
| | - Roxana Ghiulai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara 300041, Romania
| | - Florin Horhat
- Department of Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara 300041, Romania
| | - Delia Horhat
- Department of ENT, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara 300041, Romania
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara 300041, Romania
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377
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Faidi A, Lassoued MA, Becheikh MEH, Touati M, Stumbé JF, Farhat F. Application of sodium alginate extracted from a Tunisian brown algae Padina pavonica for essential oil encapsulation: Microspheres preparation, characterization and in vitro release study. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 136:386-394. [PMID: 31173834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been considerable interest in essential oils encapsulation and in developing biodegradable microparticles. The aim of this present work was to prepare clove essential oil loaded microspheres, by a modified emulsification method, using sodium alginate extracted from a Tunisian Brown seaweed Algae Padina pavonica as biopolymer. The obtained microparticles were characterized by FT-IR, DSC and SEM. Loading capacity yield, encapsulation efficiency (%EE) and in vitro release of the essential oil were also investigated. Sodium alginate microspheres were successfully prepared as confirmed by physico-chemical characterizations. %yield of microspheres and %EE of essential oil were 72.73% and 24.77% ± 7.47%, respectively. SEM showed pseudospherical microspheres with rough surface ranging, in size, from 1500 μm to 3000 μm. In vitro dissolution study indicates a controlled released of the essential oil which follows, mainly, classical Fickian diffusion. Thus, this present work highlighted the potential of this polysaccharide as a biopolymer to formulate polymeric microspheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Faidi
- Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Medicines (LR12ES09), University of Monastir, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Ibn Sina Street, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Ali Lassoued
- Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Medicines (LR12ES09), University of Monastir, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Ibn Sina Street, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed El Hédi Becheikh
- Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Medicines (LR12ES09), University of Monastir, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Ibn Sina Street, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Touati
- Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Medicines (LR12ES09), University of Monastir, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Ibn Sina Street, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Jean-François Stumbé
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Macromolecular Engineering Jean Baptiste Donnet Institute, National Engineering School of Chemistry of Mulhouse, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Farhat Farhat
- Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Medicines (LR12ES09), University of Monastir, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Ibn Sina Street, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
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378
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The Influence of Essential Oil Compounds on Antibacterial Activity of Mupirocin-Susceptible and Induced Low-Level Mupirocin-Resistant MRSA Strains. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173105. [PMID: 31461850 PMCID: PMC6749447 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the bacterial drug resistance development, it is reasonable to investigate chemical compounds capable of preventing the spread of resistance to mupirocin (MUP), commonly used in staphylococcal eradication. The objective of the study was to verify the influence of essential oil compounds (EOCs) on the antibacterial activity of MUP against mupirocin-susceptible (MupS) and induced low-level mupirocin-resistant (MupRL) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. The following parameters were examined: MRSAMupS and MRSAMupRL susceptibility to EOCs (1,8-cineole, eugenol, carvacrol, linalool, (-)-menthone, linalyl acetate, and trans-anethole), the bacterial cell size distribution, and chemical composition by the use of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies. The MRSAMupS and MRSAMupRL strains were susceptible to all tested EOCs. 1,8-cineole and (-)-menthone showed synergistic activity against MRSAMupS in combination with mupirocin, whereas 1,8-cineole exhibited synergistic activity against MRSAMupRL as well. In-depth analysis showed that both MRSAMupS and MRSAMupRL displayed similar distributions of the bacterial cell size. The FTIR and Raman spectra of the MRSAMupS and MRSAMupRL strains showed differences in some regions. New bands in the MRSAMupRL Raman spectrum were observed. It was concluded that the use of 1,8-cineole in combination with mupirocin can increase the mupirocin activity against the MRSAMupS and MRSAMupRL strains.
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379
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Insights into the Relationships Between Herbicide Activities, Molecular Structure and Membrane Interaction of Cinnamon and Citronella Essential Oils Components. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164007. [PMID: 31426453 PMCID: PMC6720526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 50’s, the massive and “environmental naïve” use of synthetic chemistry has revolutionized the farming community facing the dramatic growth of demography. However, nowadays, the controversy grows regarding the long-term harmful effects of these products on human health and the environment. In this context, the use of essential oils (EOs) could be an alternative to chemical products and a better understanding of their mode of biological action for new and optimal applications is of importance. Indeed, if the biocidal effects of some EOs or their components have been at least partly elucidated at the molecular level, very little is currently known regarding their mechanism of action as herbicides at the molecular level. Here, we showed that cinnamon and Java citronella essential oils and some of their main components, i.e.,, cinnamaldehyde (CIN), citronellal (CitA), and citronellol (CitO) could act as efficient herbicides when spread on A. thaliana leaves. The individual EO molecules are small amphiphiles, allowing for them to cross the mesh of cell wall and directly interact with the plant plasma membrane (PPM), which is one of the potential cellular targets of EOs. Hence, we investigated and characterized their interaction with biomimetic PPM while using an integrative biophysical approach. If CitO and CitA, maintaining a similar chemical structure, are able to interact with the model membranes without permeabilizing effect, CIN belonging to the phenylpropanoid family, is not. We suggested that different mechanisms of action for the two types of molecules can occur: while the monoterpenes could disturb the lipid organization and/or domain formation, the phenylpropanoid CIN could interact with membrane receptors.
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380
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Ibáñez MD, Blázquez MA. Phytotoxic Effects of Commercial Eucalyptus citriodora, Lavandula angustifolia, and Pinus sylvestris Essential Oils on Weeds, Crops, and Invasive Species. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152847. [PMID: 31387317 PMCID: PMC6695791 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: essential oils are well known for their pharmacological effectiveness as well as their repellent, insecticide, and herbicide activities. The emergence of resistant weeds, due to the overuse of synthetic herbicides, makes it necessary to find natural alternatives for weed control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytotoxic effects of Eucalyptus citriodora, Lavandulaangustifolia, and Pinus sylvestris, three common commercial essential oils, on weeds (Portulaca oleracea, Lolium multiflorum, and Echinochloa crus-galli), food crops (tomato and cucumber), and the invasive species Nicotiana glauca. Methods: to determine herbicidal effects, essential oils were tested at different concentrations (0.125–1 µL/mL). The index of germination and seedling length data were recorded over 14 days. Results: the in vitro assays showed that L. angustifolia with linalool (38.7 ± 0.1%), 1,8-cineole (26.5 ± 0.1%), and camphor (14.2 ± 0.1%) as the main compounds showed the most phytotoxic effects affecting seed germination in weeds and tomato, and the aforementioned invasive species. L. multiflorum was the most sensitive weed, particularly to lavender essential oil, which decreased the growth of its hypocotyl and radicle by 87.8% and 76.7%, respectively, at a dose of 1 µL/mL. Cucumber was the most resistant food crop, with no significant reduction observed in seed germination and hypocotyl growth with E. citriodora and L. angustifolia essential oils. Conclusions: lavender essential oil represents a promising candidate for the development of effective and safe herbicides in the management of L. multiflorum affecting cucumber crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Ibáñez
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València. Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - María Amparo Blázquez
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València. Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain.
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381
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Liquid and Vapour Phase of Lavandin ( Lavandula × intermedia) Essential Oil: Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152701. [PMID: 31349556 PMCID: PMC6696025 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils from Lavandula genus and the obtained hybrids are widely used for different purposes such as perfume production in the cosmetic field and for its biological properties. This is the first study on the liquid and vapour phase of Lavandula × intermedia “Grosso” essential oil grown in the Lazio Region, Italy, investigated using headspace coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS). The results showed the most abundant components were linalool and linalyl acetate, followed by 1,8-cineole and terpinen-4-ol, while lavandulyl acetate and borneol were identified as minor compounds, maintaining the same proportion in both the liquid and vapour phase. Furthermore, we tested lavandin liquid and vapour phase essential oil on gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter bohemicus, and Pseudomonas fluorescens) and gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Kocuria marina).
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382
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Gad HA, Ayoub IM, Wink M. Phytochemical profiling and seasonal variation of essential oils of three Callistemon species cultivated in Egypt. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219571. [PMID: 31295290 PMCID: PMC6622538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Callistemon comprises evergreen shrubs or small trees, widely cultivated as ornamentals and for essential oil production. Callistemon is well-recognized in folk medicine for its anti-cough, anti-bronchitis, and insecticidal activities. In the current study, we profiled the essential oil composition of the leaves of C. citrinus, C. rigidus and C. viminalis (Myrtaceae) collected during different seasons by GLC-MS coupled to multivariate data analysis. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities of Callistemon essential oils were evaluated. A total of 29 compounds were tentatively identified. Oxygenated monoterpenes dominated in essential oils, where eucalyptol represented the major constituent in the three Callistemon species in all seasons. Multivariate data analysis including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were applied to discriminate between different Callistemon species in each season and to investigate any correlation between the metabolic profile of each species within different seasons. As expected, PCA plot could discriminate the three Callistemon species in the four seasons. The dendrogram from HCA confirmed the results of PCA as it showed the same segregation pattern regarding the discrimination of different Callistemon species. C. viminalis showed more pronounced antioxidant activity than C. citrinus, exhibiting IC50 values of 1.40 mg/mL and 1.77 mg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, C. rigidus showed very weak antioxidant activity. All oils showed membrane stabilization activity in hypotonic solution induced haemolysis assay, where C. viminalis showed potent membrane stabilizing activity exhibiting IC50 value of 25.6 μg/mL comparable to that of the standard drug, indomethacin (17.02 μg/mL). Nevertheless, Callistemon essential oils were not cytotoxic in HCT-116 and Hela human cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidy A. Gad
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iriny M. Ayoub
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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383
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Getahun T, Sharma V, Gupta N. The genus
Laggera
(Asteraceae) – Ethnobotanical and Ethnopharmacological Information, Chemical Composition as well as Biological Activities of Its Essential Oils and Extracts: A Review. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900131. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tokuma Getahun
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences Shoolini University, Bajhol, P.O. Sultanpur Solan – 173229 India
| | - Vinit Sharma
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences Shoolini University, Bajhol, P.O. Sultanpur Solan – 173229 India
| | - Neeraj Gupta
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences Shoolini University, Bajhol, P.O. Sultanpur Solan – 173229 India
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384
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Samet AV, Shevchenko OG, Rusak VV, Chartov EM, Myshlyavtsev AB, Rusanov DA, Semenova MN, Semenov VV. Antioxidant Activity of Natural Allylpolyalkoxybenzene Plant Essential Oil Constituents. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1451-1458. [PMID: 31244145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Free-radical-scavenging capacity antioxidant and membrane-protective properties of natural and related synthetic allylpolyalkoxybenzenes with different numbers of alkoxy/methoxy groups in the aromatic ring were evaluated using several in vitro models. These included the DPPH assay, inhibition of lipid peroxidation products accumulation, inhibition of H2O2-induced hemolysis, and oxidation of oxyhemoglobin. A synthetic protocol for the synthesis of natural nothoapiol (9) from a parsley seed metabolite, apiol (7), was developed. A structure-activity relationship study revealed that both the methylenedioxy fragment and methoxy groups in the aromatic ring are favorable for antioxidant activity. Hydroxyapiol (14), containing a hydroxy group in the aromatic core, was identified as the most potent compound. The pentaalkoxy-substituted nothoapiol (9) showed antioxidant activity in mouse brain homogenates, whereas in mouse erythrocytes it exhibited a marked pro-oxidant effect. Despite their low free-radical-scavenging capacity, allylpolyalkoxybenzenes can contribute to the total antioxidant potencies of plant essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Samet
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Oksana G Shevchenko
- Institute of Biology of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of RAS, 28 Kommunisticheskaya Street, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Vyacheslav V Rusak
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Eduard M Chartov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey B Myshlyavtsev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Daniil A Rusanov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marina N Semenova
- N. K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology RAS, 26 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Victor V Semenov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
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385
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Biosynthesis of iron nanoparticles using Ageratum conyzoides extracts, their antimicrobial and photocatalytic activity. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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386
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Antispasmodic Effect of Essential Oils and Their Constituents: A Review. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091675. [PMID: 31035694 PMCID: PMC6539827 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The antispasmodic effect of drugs is used for the symptomatic treatment of cramping and discomfort affecting smooth muscles from the gastrointestinal, billiary or genitourinary tract in a variety of clinical situations.The existing synthetic antispasmodic drugs may cause a series of unpleasant side effects, and therefore the discovery of new molecules of natural origin is an important goal for the pharmaceutical industry. This review describes a series of recent studies investigating the antispasmodic effect of essential oils from 39 plant species belonging to 12 families. The pharmacological models used in the studies together with the mechanistic discussions and the chemical composition of the essential oils are also detailed. The data clearly demonstrate the antispasmodic effect of the essential oils from the aromatic plant species studied. Further research is needed in order to ascertain the therapeutic importance of these findings.
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387
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Pereira R, Pereira AL, Ferreira MM, Fontenelle ROS, Saker-Sampaio S, Santos HS, Bandeira PN, Vasconcelos MA, Queiroz JAN, Braz-Filho R, Teixeira EH. Evaluation of the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of 7-hydroxy-4', 6-dimethoxy-isoflavone and essential oil from Myroxylon peruiferum L.f. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2019; 91:e20180204. [PMID: 31038534 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201920180204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant effect of 7-hydroxy-4',6-dimethoxy-isoflavone and essential oil of Myroxylon peruiferum. The compound was isolated and its structure elucidated by NMR. The chemical composition of essential oil determined by GC-MS analysis. To evaluation of antimicrobial activity, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) were performed. In addition to analysis of antioxidant activity, DPPH radical scavenging tests, iron chelating assay (FIC), antioxidant reducing power assay (FRAP) and β-carotene bleaching assay (BCB) were performed. For the essential oil were identified 24 organized compounds having as main constituents; Germacrene D (17.2%), α-pinene (14.8%) and E-caryophyllene (10.8%). The results showed that isoflavone (2000 to 156 μg/mL) and essential oil (5.0 to 1.25%) present antibacterial and antifungal activity against Gram-positive bacteria and filamentous fungi. The isoflavone and the essential oil also presented antioxidant activity in all the tests, mainly on inhibition of the oxidation of β-carotene test concentrations ranging from 60 to 100%. In conclusion, isoflavone and essential oil from M. peruiferum present an antimicrobial alternative against Gram-positive bacteria, especially of the genus Staphylococcus and dermatophyte fungi of the genus Trichophyton, as well as a natural compound antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pereira
- Laboratório Integrado de Biomoléculas/LIBS, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Monsenhor Furtado, s/n, Rodolfo Teófilo, 60441-750 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Anna L Pereira
- Laboratório Integrado de Biomoléculas/LIBS, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Monsenhor Furtado, s/n, Rodolfo Teófilo, 60441-750 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Marcilio M Ferreira
- Laboratório de Microbiologia/LABMIC, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Av. da Universidade, 850, Campus da Betânia, 62040-370 Sobral, CE, Brazil 3Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, 2977, 60356-001 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Raquel O S Fontenelle
- Laboratório de Microbiologia/LABMIC, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Av. da Universidade, 850, Campus da Betânia, 62040-370 Sobral, CE, Brazil 3Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, 2977, 60356-001 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Silvana Saker-Sampaio
- Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, 2977, 60356-001 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Hélcio S Santos
- Curso de Química Orgânica, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Av. Dr. Guarani, 608, 62042-030 Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Paulo N Bandeira
- Curso de Química Orgânica, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Av. Dr. Guarani, 608, 62042-030 Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Mayron A Vasconcelos
- Laboratório Integrado de Biomoléculas/LIBS, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Monsenhor Furtado, s/n, Rodolfo Teófilo, 60441-750 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Rua Prof. Antônio Campos, s/n, BR 110, Km 48, Costa e Silva, 59610-090 Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - José A N Queiroz
- Laboratório Integrado de Biomoléculas/LIBS, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Monsenhor Furtado, s/n, Rodolfo Teófilo, 60441-750 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Raimundo Braz-Filho
- Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro/UENF, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, 28013-600 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Edson H Teixeira
- Laboratório Integrado de Biomoléculas/LIBS, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Monsenhor Furtado, s/n, Rodolfo Teófilo, 60441-750 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Kumar A, Singh S, Kumar A, Bawankule DU, Tandon S, Singh AK, Verma RS, Saikia D. Chemical composition, bactericidal kinetics, mechanism of action, and anti-inflammatory activity of Isodon melissoides (Benth.) H. Hara essential oil. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:690-695. [PMID: 30964333 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1591399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Present study was aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity, bactericidal mechanism of action, killing kinetics and anti-inflammatory activity of Isodon melissoides (Benth.) H. Hara essential oil. The gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the presence of carvacrol (45.4%), p-cymene (11.6%) and thymol (11.3%) as major constituents of the oil. The oil displayed broad spectrum significant antibacterial activity (MIC: 0.13-8.33 ppm; MBC: 0.13->33.34 ppm) against test strains. The oil exhibited a time and dose-dependent bactericidal effect. The oil disrupted the cell membrane by changing the cell membrane permeability. The essential oil significantly decreased the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced inflammation in HaCaT cells without any cytotoxic effect. I. melissoides essential oil can be a promising alternative antimicrobial agent for the control of methicillin resistant staphylococci and other pathogenic bacteria tested, and also useful for the topical anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, India
| | - Swati Singh
- Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, India
| | - Anant Kumar
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar Umrao Bawankule
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, India
| | - Sudeep Tandon
- Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, India
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, India
| | - Ram Swaroop Verma
- Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, India
| | - Dharmendra Saikia
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, India
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389
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Fikry S, Khalil N, Salama O. Chemical profiling, biostatic and biocidal dynamics of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil. AMB Express 2019; 9:41. [PMID: 30915590 PMCID: PMC6435767 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0764-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Origanum vulgare L. (Lamiaceae) is a widespread flavoring culinary and medicinal herb. The present study aimed at investigating the antimicrobial activity of Origanum vulgare (OV) essential oil (EO) through illustrating its biostatic, biocidal and the dynamics of the biocidal activity against 11 different microorganisms. GC/MS of OV EO allowed the identification of 32 compounds representing 99.94% of the oil. The two major identified compounds were terpinen-4-ol (38.35%) and trans-sabinene hydrate (10.06%). Different methods were employed to illustrate the biostatic activity of OV EO. Results of the biostatic studies on OV EO using agar and broth dilution methods showed that Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was the most sensitive organism; with a Minimum inhibitor concentration (MIC) 1.18 mg/ml. Agar diffusion method showed that the highest activity was observed against Bordetella bronchiseptica (Br. bronchiseptica), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilus) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) with inhibition zones 38 ± 1.5, 29.5 ± 0.8, 26.9 ± 0.9 and 26.9 ± 1.1 mm, respectively. Studying the dynamics of 1% v/v OV essential oil emulsion over a period of 6 h revealed that Escherichia coli (E. coli), B. subtilis, S. epidermidis and S. cerevisiae had the fastest response. Also increasing concentrations of OV oil emulsion increased the rate of cell killing and the duration of growth lag phase increased correspondingly. These data indicated that OV EO produces a concentration and time-dependent antimicrobial activity.
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390
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Sansone F, Mencherini T, Picerno P, Lauro MR, Cerrato M, Aquino RP. Development of Health Products from Natural Sources. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4606-4630. [PMID: 30259806 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180926152139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BioActive Compounds (BACs) recovered from food or food by-product matrices are useful in maintaining well being, enhancing human health, and modulating immune function to prevent or to treat chronic diseases. They are also generally seen by final consumers as safe, non-toxic and environment-friendly. Despite the complex process of production, chemical characterization, and assessment of health effects, BACs must also be manufactured in stable and bioactive ingredients to be used in pharmaceutical, food and nutraceutical industry. Generally, vegetable derivatives occur as sticky raw materials with pervasive smell and displeasing flavor. Also, they show critical water solubility and dramatic stability behavior over time, involving practical difficulties for industrial use. Therefore, the development of novel functional health products from natural sources requires the design of a suitable formulation to delivery BACs at the site of action, preserve stability during processing and storage, slow down the degradation processes, mask lousy tasting or smell, and increase the bioavailability, while maintaining the BACs functionality. The present review focuses on human health benefits, BACs composition, and innovative technologies or formulation approaches of natural ingredients from some selected foods and by-products from industrial food transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Patrizia Picerno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | | | - Michele Cerrato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
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391
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Topuz F, Uyar T. Electrospinning of Cyclodextrin Functional Nanofibers for Drug Delivery Applications. Pharmaceutics 2018; 11:E6. [PMID: 30586876 PMCID: PMC6358759 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospun nanofibers have sparked tremendous attention in drug delivery since they can offer high specific surface area, tailored release of drugs, controlled surface chemistry for preferred protein adsorption, and tunable porosity. Several functional motifs were incorporated into electrospun nanofibers to greatly expand their drug loading capacity or to provide the sustained release of the embedded drug molecules. In this regard, cyclodextrins (CyD) are considered as ideal drug carrier molecules as they are natural, edible, and biocompatible compounds with a truncated cone-shape with a relatively hydrophobic cavity interior for complexation with hydrophobic drugs and a hydrophilic exterior to increase the water-solubility of drugs. Further, the formation of CyD-drug inclusion complexes can protect drug molecules from physiological degradation, or elimination and thus increases the stability and bioavailability of drugs, of which the release takes place with time, accompanied by fiber degradation. In this review, we summarize studies related to CyD-functional electrospun nanofibers for drug delivery applications. The review begins with an introductory description of electrospinning; the structure, properties, and toxicology of CyD; and CyD-drug complexation. Thereafter, the release of various drug molecules from CyD-functional electrospun nanofibers is provided in subsequent sections. The review concludes with a summary and outlook on material strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuat Topuz
- Institute of Materials Science & Nanotechnology, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Tamer Uyar
- Institute of Materials Science & Nanotechnology, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
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392
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Ashraf I, Zubair M, Rizwan K, Rasool N, Jamil M, Khan SA, Tareen RB, Ahmad VU, Mahmood A, Riaz M, Zia-Ul-Haq M, Jaafar HZ. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of essential oils from different parts of Daphne mucronata Royle. Chem Cent J 2018; 12:135. [PMID: 30556121 PMCID: PMC6768045 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-018-0495-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This research work was executed to determine chemical composition, anti-oxidant and anti-microbial potential of the essential oils extracted from the leaves and stem of Daphne mucronata Royle. From leaves and stem oils fifty-one different constituents were identified through GC/MS examination. The antioxidant potential evaluated through DPPH free radical scavenging activity and %-inhibition of peroxidation in linoleic acid system. The stem's essential oil showed the good antioxidant activity as compared to leaves essential oil. Results of Antimicrobial activity revealed that both stem and leaves oils showed strong activity against Candida albicans with large inhibition zone (22.2 ± 0.01, 18.9 ± 0.20 mm) and lowest MIC values (0.98 ± 0.005, 2.44 ± 0.002 mg/mL) respectively. Leaves essential was also active against Escherichia coli with inhibition zone of 8.88 ± 0.01 mm and MIC values of 11.2 ± 0.40 mg/mL. These results suggested that the plant's essential oils would be a potential cradle for the natural product based antimicrobial as well as antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Komal Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.,Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Rasool
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jamil
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shakeel Ahmad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, China
| | | | - Viqar Uddin Ahmad
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abid Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - M Zia-Ul-Haq
- ORIC, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hawa Ze Jaafar
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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393
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Zouari-Bouassida K, Trigui M, Makni S, Jlaiel L, Tounsi S. Seasonal Variation in Essential Oils Composition and the Biological and Pharmaceutical Protective Effects of Mentha longifolia Leaves Grown in Tunisia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7856517. [PMID: 30627570 PMCID: PMC6304493 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7856517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This research assessed the seasonal variation of the chemical composition and antibacterial and anticholinesterase activities of essential oils extracted from M. longifolia leaves. The leaves organic fractions were also investigated for their biological activities and pharmacological functions. The essential oil highest yield was recorded in the spring season. Pulegone (26.92%), 1.8 cineole (21.3 %), and L-menthone (10.66 %) were determined as its major compounds in the winter season. In the spring oil, the main components were pulegone (38.2 %) and oleic and palmitic acids (23.79 % and 15. 26 %, respectively). Oxygenated monoterpenes were predominant in the two analyzed samples. The tested oils and organic extracts exhibited promising antibacterial effects against all of the tested bacterial strains. Thanks to its richness in phenolic and flavonoid compounds, the ethyl acetate fraction (Ml EtOAcF) displayed the most active DPPH scavenging ability (IC50 =12.64 μg/ml) and an interesting β-carotene bleaching inhibition (IC50 =34.75 μg/ml) making it a potential candidate for anti-inflammatory evaluation on rats. This evaluation evidenced that M. longifolia pretreated rats showed a marked decrease in paw oedema and inflammatory cells. Additionally, a remarkable acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the Ml EtOAcF (IC50 = 12.3μg/ml) and essential oils were also observed suggesting their neuroprotective property against Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, it was found that its activity level was season dependent. Our investigation, therefore, clearly revealed the medicinal characteristics of M. longifolia leave indicating their potential uses for natural remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karama Zouari-Bouassida
- Laboratory of Biopesticides, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Trigui
- Laboratory of Biopesticides, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Samar Makni
- Laboratory of Biopesticides, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lobna Jlaiel
- Analysis Department of the Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Slim Tounsi
- Laboratory of Biopesticides, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
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394
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Rinanda T, Isnanda RP, Zulfitri. Chemical Analysis of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe var rubrum) Essential Oil and Its Anti-biofilm Activity against Candida albicans. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801301206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm formation is one of the virulence factors of Candida albicans, contributing to the development of resistance to various antifungal drugs. In order to combat resistant microbes such as C. albicans, the discovery and development of antifungal substances must explore the anti-biofilm activity of substances, which are extracted from traditional medicinal plants widely available in tropical countries such as Indonesia. One of the natural ingredients that can be developed is red ginger. This plant has been used empirically in the treatment of various infectious diseases, including fungal infections. The aim of this study is to determine the composition of chemical compounds in the essential oil of the red ginger rhizomes planted in Aceh, Indonesia and the anti-biofilm activity of the essential oil against C. albicans, isolated from a clinical sample. The chemical analysis of the essential oil was performed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). Anti-biofilm activity was observed through biofilm inhibition and degradation activities, determined by Cristal Violet assay. Data were analyzed using ANOVA test and Duncan's post hoc test with 99% CI. The GC-MS results showed that the essential oil used in this study contained high monoterpenes (60.55%) which is dominated by E-citral/geranial (11.97%) and 1.8 - cineole (15.10%). The highest sesquiterpenes derivative was αr-curcumene (16.86%). The significant inhibition of C. albicans biofilm formation was obtained at a concentration of 0.5% and the biofilm degradation was obtained at a concentration of 0.125%. The data indicates that the high monoterpenoids-red ginger essential oil used in this study has performed significant anti-biofilm activity against C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristia Rinanda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia 23111
| | - Rizki Puji Isnanda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia 23111
| | - Zulfitri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia 23111
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395
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Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of Novel Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Topical Formulations from Cymbopogon martini (Roxb.) W. Watson Essential Oil. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:9812093. [PMID: 30275867 PMCID: PMC6151366 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9812093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Skin infections were the most frequently encountered of all infections and the 4th leading cause of nonfatal disease burden. Topical drugs have been used for the management of skin infections. The growing concern of drug resistance to the topical agents has warned the need for continuous development of novel drug. Essential oils are the best candidate for new drug with different mode of action and target as they are rich in chemical constituents. Objective To evaluate and develop safe and effective topical antimicrobial formulations from essential oil of Cymbopogon martini. Method. Essential oil was extracted using hydrodistillation aerial part C. martini and topical formulations were prepared in five different semisolid bases. In vitro antimicrobial investigations were performed on essential oil and topical formulations. Skin sensitizations of the formulations were evaluated using guinea pig maximization. Results The essential oil of C. martini has shown broad-spectrum antimicrobial potency against all tested organisms with MIC value ranging from 0.65 to 10 μg/ml. Absolute inhibitions of growth of fungi were observed against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum at concentrations above 1% of oil and against Microsporum canis and Trichophyton verrucosum at a concentration of 4% oil. Among topical formulations, the highest antimicrobial activity was recorded in hydrophilic ointment followed by macrogol blend ointment. The antimicrobial activity of oil was higher in fungal pathogen compared to bacteria. Gram positive bacteria were more sensitive than gram negative bacteria. Hydrophilic and macrogol blend ointment containing 5% oil did not produce any skin sensitization on guinea pigs. Conclusion In conclusion, topical formulations of C. martini essential oil can be alternative topical agents with safe broad-spectrum activity for the treatment of skin disorder. Further studies should focus on shelf life study and clinical study of the product.
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396
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Semeniuc CA, Socaciu MI, Socaci SA, Mureșan V, Fogarasi M, Rotar AM. Chemometric Comparison and Classification of Some Essential Oils Extracted from Plants Belonging to Apiaceae and Lamiaceae Families Based on Their Chemical Composition and Biological Activities. Molecules 2018; 23:E2261. [PMID: 30189606 PMCID: PMC6225327 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is focused on the comparison and classification of parsley, lovage, basil, and thyme essential oils (EOs) based on their chemical composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant and antibacterial activities by using appropriate chemometric methods: Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The results showed that parsley, lovage, and thyme EOs are rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons, but basil EO is rich in oxygenated monoterpenes and phenylpropanoids, and that both PCA and HCA separated essential oils into two main groups of which one contains two sub-groups. β-Phellandrene was the major component identified in parsley and lovage EOs, estragole was the major component in basil EO, and p-cymene was the major component in thyme EO. Thyme EO showed the highest level of total phenolics, the highest antioxidant capacity, and exhibited the stronger antibacterial activity, results that were emphasized by both chemometric methods used. Among tested essential oils, the one of parsley was distinguished by a low total TPC, weak antioxidant activity, and weak antibacterial activity against S. enteritidis (ATCC 13076); lovage EO by low TPC, weak antioxidant activity, but moderate antibacterial activity; and basil EO by low TPC, moderate antioxidant activity, and weak antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes (ATCC 19114).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Anamaria Semeniuc
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Maria-Ioana Socaciu
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Sonia Ancuţa Socaci
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Vlad Mureșan
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Melinda Fogarasi
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ancuţa Mihaela Rotar
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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397
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Fraternale D, Teodori L, Rudov A, Prattichizzo F, Olivieri F, Guidarelli A, Albertini MC. The In Vitro Activity of Angelica archangelica L. Essential Oil on Inflammation. J Med Food 2018; 21:1238-1243. [PMID: 30156459 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of herbs with medicinal value and biomedical effects has increased tremendously in the last years. However, inadequate basic knowledge of their mode of action is the main issue related to phytotherapy, although they have shown promising potential. To provide insights into these important issues, we tested here on appropriate in vitro models the efficacy of Angelica archangelica essential oil (Aa-EO) for anti-inflammatory properties. The results demonstrated that Aa-EO induced significant apoptosis and necrosis at high doses in U937 cells. We used nontoxic concentrations to treat for anti-inflammatory capacity. The results also demonstrated a decreased proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 level in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, as senescence in vitro model, when cells are challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), one of the most powerful proinflammatory inducer in the presence of Aa-EO. In addition, down expression of miR-126 and miR-146a (inflammamirs) produced by LPS stimulation was reverted by Aa-EO simultaneous treatment. These results provide noteworthy basis for the development/formulation of new drugs for future clinical uses and new food products or dietary supplements for contrasting inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Fraternale
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Laura Teodori
- Diagnostics and Metrology Laboratory, FSN-TECFIS-DIM. ENEA, Frascati, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexander Rudov
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | | | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Science, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy.,Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Guidarelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
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398
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Chemical Constituents, Antioxidant, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor, and Cytotoxic Activities of Teucrium pruinosum Boiss. Essential Oil. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4034689. [PMID: 30151381 PMCID: PMC6091332 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4034689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction In traditional medicine, many pharmacological activities have already been ascribed to the genus of Teucrium plant. These include antirheumatic antispasmodic, anthelmintic, diuretic, hypoglycemic, and anticancer effects. The recent investigation aimed to characterize and estimate the chemical composition, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer potentials of the essential oil isolated by the microwave-ultrasonic apparatus from Teucrium pruinosum leaves collected from Palestine. Methods The essential oil (EO) was analyzed by Gas Chromatography equipped with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), while its anticancer activity was evaluated against HeLa cervical adenocarcinoma cells. The ability of T. pruinosum EO to inhibit the conversion of Arachidonic Acid (AA) to PGH2 by ovine COX-1 and human recombinant COX-2 was determined using a COX inhibitor screening assay. In addition, the antioxidant activity of the EO was evaluated on the basis of the scavenging activity with a stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, while Trolox was used as a positive control. Results Forty-four molecules were identified in T. pruinosum EO, representing 100% of the total EO. Agarospirol was found to be the most abundant component (45.53%) followed by caryophyllene (19.35%). However, the cyclooxygenase inhibitor assay revealed that T. pruinosum has potential COX-1 and Cox-2 inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 0.25 µg/ml and 0.5 µg/ml, respectively. Moreover, the T. pruinosum EO showed moderate antioxidant capacity with an IC50 value of 16.98±0.84 µg/ml in comparison with the positive control Trolox, which has an antioxidant potential with an IC50 value of 2.09±0.17 µg/ml. In addition, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.625, 7.67, and 3.84 mg/ml of T. pruinosum EO treatments inhibited mitochondrial activity (cell viability) significantly and extremely by 90-95%. Conclusion The current study provided data that revealed that the T. pruinosum EO could be a suitable candidate for use as a novel anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant medication. Further clinical trials would be required to ensure these effects and to allow the design of suitable pharmaceutical dosage forms from this natural oil.
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399
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Antimicrobial Activity of Five Essential Oils against Bacteria and Fungi Responsible for Urinary Tract Infections. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071668. [PMID: 29987237 PMCID: PMC6100505 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections are frequently encountered in small animal practice. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. are the most common agents associated to these infections, even though other bacteria and yeasts, such as Candida albicans and Candida famata, may be involved. In view of the increasing problem of the multi-drug resistance, the aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of essential oils obtained from star anise (Illicium verum Hook.f.), basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), origanum (Origanum vulgare L.), clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.) and thymus (Thymus vulgaris L.) against multidrug-resistant strains of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., Candida albicans and Candida famata previously isolated from dogs and cats with urinary tract infections. Enterococci were resistant to Illicium verum and Salvia sclarea, such as Candida to Salvia sclarea. Thymus vulgaris and Origanum vulgare essential oils showed the best activity against all the tested pathogens, so they could be proposed for the formulation of external and/or intravesical washes in small animals.
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400
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Camargo SB, Simões LO, Medeiros CFDA, de Melo Jesus A, Fregoneze JB, Evangelista A, Villarreal CF, Araújo AADS, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Silva DF. Antihypertensive potential of linalool and linalool complexed with β-cyclodextrin: Effects of subchronic treatment on blood pressure and vascular reactivity. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 151:38-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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