401
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Esposito M, Cavallo S, Chiaravalle E, Miedico O, Pellicanò R, Rosato G, Sarnelli P, Baldi L. Trace elements in free-range hen eggs in the Campania region (Italy) analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:326. [PMID: 27147239 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5316-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Eggs from hens raised on rural or domestic farms are a good indicator of environmental contamination, as the hens are in close contact with the ground and the air and can therefore accumulate heavy metals and other toxic contaminants from the environment as well as from the diet. In this paper, we report the results of the determination of 19 trace elements (As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Tl, U, V, Zn) in 39 hen egg samples collected from domestic poultry farms in the territory dubbed the "Land of fires" in the Campania region (Italy). This area is characterized by environmental problems caused by the illegal dumping of industrial or domestic waste in fields or by roadsides. In some cases, these wastes have been burned, thereby spreading persistent contaminants into the atmosphere. The content of trace elements in whole egg samples was determined by mass spectrometer after a microwave-assisted digestion procedure. Because European legislation does not indicate maximum values of these elements in this foodstuff, the results were compared with the content of trace elements reported in literature for eggs, in particular home-produced eggs, in various countries. In some cases (Cd, Cu, Ni, Mn), the content determined in this study was in line with those reported elsewhere, in other cases (Pb, Cr), lower values were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Esposito
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via Salute, 2 -, Portici, Italy.
| | - Stefania Cavallo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via Salute, 2 -, Portici, Italy
| | - Eugenio Chiaravalle
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, via Manfredonia, 20, Foggia, Italy
| | - Oto Miedico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, via Manfredonia, 20, Foggia, Italy
| | - Roberta Pellicanò
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via Salute, 2 -, Portici, Italy
| | - Guido Rosato
- UOD Prevenzione Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria, Regione Campania - Centro Direzionale is. C3, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Sarnelli
- UOD Prevenzione Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria, Regione Campania - Centro Direzionale is. C3, Napoli, Italy
| | - Loredana Baldi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via Salute, 2 -, Portici, Italy
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402
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Bua DG, Annuario G, Albergamo A, Cicero N, Dugo G. Heavy metals in aromatic spices by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2016; 9:210-6. [DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2016.1175516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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403
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Yap CK, Cheng WH, Karami A, Ismail A. Health risk assessments of heavy metal exposure via consumption of marine mussels collected from anthropogenic sites. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 553:285-296. [PMID: 26925739 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A total of 40 marine mussel Perna viridis populations collected (2002-2009) from 20 geographical sites located in two busy shipping lanes namely the Straits of Malacca (10 sites; 16 populations) and the Straits of Johore (8 sites; 21 populations) and three populations (2 sites) on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, was determined for Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations. In comparison with the maximum permissible limits (MPLs) set by existing food safety guidelines, all metal concentrations found in all the mussel populations were lower than the prescribed MPLs. In terms of the provisional tolerable weekly intake prescribed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and oral reference doses (ORDs) by the USEPA, all the studied metals (except for Pb) were unlikely to become the limiting factors or unlikely to pose a risk for the consumption of the mussel populations. The estimated daily intake (EDI) for average level mussel (ALM) and high level mussel (HLM) consumers of mussels was found to be lower than the ORD guidelines for Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni and Zn. Furthermore, the target hazard quotient (THQ) was found to be less than 1 for ALM consumers but higher than 1 for HLM consumers in some sites. Therefore, there were no potential human health risks to the ALM consumers of the mussels. However, for Pb THQ values, the Pb levels in some mussel populations could create a health risk problem. Present results indicate that the consumption amounts of mussels should be limited for minimizing potential health risks of heavy metals to the HLM consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Kong Yap
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Hee Cheng
- Inti International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Ali Karami
- Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Ismail
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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404
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Impact of prenatal exposure to cadmium on cognitive development at preschool age and the importance of selenium and iodine. Eur J Epidemiol 2016; 31:1123-1134. [PMID: 27147065 PMCID: PMC5206289 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-016-0151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The evidence regarding a potential link of low-to-moderate iodine deficiency, selenium status, and cadmium exposure during pregnancy with neurodevelopment is either contradicting or limited. We aimed to assess the prenatal impact of cadmium, selenium, and iodine on children’s neurodevelopment at 4 years of age. The study included 575 mother–child pairs from the prospective “Rhea” cohort on Crete, Greece. Exposure to cadmium, selenium and iodine was assessed by concentrations in the mother’s urine during pregnancy (median 13 weeks), measured by ICPMS. The McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities was used to assess children’s general cognitive score and seven different sub-scales. In multivariable-adjusted regression analysis, elevated urinary cadmium concentrations (≥0.8 µg/L) were inversely associated with children’s general cognitive score [mean change: −6.1 points (95 % CI −12; −0.33) per doubling of urinary cadmium; corresponding to ~0.4 SD]. Stratifying by smoking status (p for interaction 0.014), the association was restricted to smokers. Urinary selenium was positively associated with children’s general cognitive score [mean change: 2.2 points (95 % CI −0.38; 4.8) per doubling of urinary selenium; ~0.1 SD], although the association was not statistically significant. Urinary iodine (median 172 µg/L) was not associated with children’s general cognitive score. In conclusion, elevated cadmium exposure in pregnancy of smoking women was inversely associated with the children’s cognitive function at pre-school age. The results indicate that cadmium may adversely affect neurodevelopment at doses commonly found in smokers, or that there is an interaction with other toxicants in tobacco smoke. Additionally, possible residual confounding cannot be ruled out.
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405
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406
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Clemens S, Ma JF. Toxic Heavy Metal and Metalloid Accumulation in Crop Plants and Foods. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 67:489-512. [PMID: 27128467 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-043015-112301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 535] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury are toxic elements that are almost ubiquitously present at low levels in the environment because of anthropogenic influences. Dietary intake of plant-derived food represents a major fraction of potentially health-threatening human exposure, especially to arsenic and cadmium. In the interest of better food safety, it is important to reduce toxic element accumulation in crops. A molecular understanding of the pathways responsible for this accumulation can enable the development of crop varieties with strongly reduced concentrations of toxic elements in their edible parts. Such understanding is rapidly progressing for arsenic and cadmium but is in its infancy for lead and mercury. Basic discoveries have been made in Arabidopsis, rice, and other models, and most advances in crops have been made in rice. Proteins mediating the uptake of arsenic and cadmium have been identified, and the speciation and biotransformations of arsenic are now understood. Factors controlling the efficiency of root-to-shoot translocation and the partitioning of toxic elements through the rice node have also been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Clemens
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan;
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407
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Effect of Agro-Environmental Factors on the Mineral Content of Olive Oils: Categorization of the Three Major Portuguese Cultivars. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-016-2827-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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408
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Ahmed M, Ahmad T, Liaquat M, Abbasi KS, Farid IBA, Jahangir M. Tissue specific metal characterization of selected fish species in Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:212. [PMID: 26951449 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5214-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Concentration of various metals, i.e., zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), and silver (Ag), was evaluated in five indigenous fish species (namely, silver carp, common carp, mahseer, thela fish, and rainbow trout), by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. It is proved from this study that, overall, mahseer and rainbow trout had high amount of zinc, whereas thela fish and silver carp had high concentration of copper, chromium, silver, nickel, and lead, while common carp had highest amount of iron contents. Furthermore, a tissue-specific discrimination among various fish species was observed, where higher metal concentrations were noticed in fish liver, with decreasing concentration in other organs like skin, gills, and finally the least contents in fish muscle. Multivariate data analysis showed not only a variation in heavy metals among the tissues but also discrimination among the selected fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukhtiar Ahmed
- Section of Food Science and Technology, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Taufiq Ahmad
- Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Tarnab, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Liaquat
- Section of Food Science and Technology, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Sarfraz Abbasi
- Department of Food Technology, PMAS University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Ibrahim Bayoumi Abdel Farid
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, KSA
| | - Muhammad Jahangir
- Section of Food Science and Technology, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan.
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409
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Kulawik P, Migdał W, Gambuś F, Cieślik E, Özoğul F, Tkaczewska J, Szczurowska K, Wałkowska I. Microbiological and chemical safety concerns regarding frozen fillets obtained from Pangasius sutchi and Nile tilapia exported to European countries. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:1373-1379. [PMID: 25907121 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbiological and chemical safety concerns regarding frozen fillets from pangasius catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) exported to Poland, Germany and Ukraine and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exported to Poland and Germany were investigated by analyzing heavy metal residues, microbiological hazards, biogenic amines, and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content. RESULTS The heavy metal residues from all studied samples were far lower than the limits established by authorities. The most abundant biogenic amine found was histamine, with a maximum content of 9.6 mg 100 g(-1) , found in pangasius exported to Poland. The total viable counts were from 2.8 log cfu g(-1) in pangasius exported to Ukraine to 4.3 log cfu g(-1) in pangasius exported to Germany. Vibrio spp. were present in 70-80% of all studied pangasius groups, whereas there no Vibrio spp. were found in the studied tilapia samples. 30% of Pangasius fillets exported to Poland were contaminated with coagulase-positive staphylococci. No E. coli was found in any of the studied samples. Although the results of TBA analysis differed significantly between studied groups, the malonic aldehyde content in all studied groups was still very low. The TVB-N content in frozen fillets from pangasius was significantly lower than in frozen tilapia fillets. CONCLUSIONS We reported that pangasius catfish frozen fillets were widely contaminated with Vibrio spp., which could prove hazardous for the final consumer if the fish is eaten raw or undercooked. The rest of the analysis showed no other reason for concern associated with Nile tilapia and Pangasius catfish frozen fillet consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kulawik
- Department of Animal Product Technology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, 30-149, Krakow, Poland
| | - Władysław Migdał
- Department of Animal Product Technology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, 30-149, Krakow, Poland
| | - Florian Gambuś
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Economies, University of Agriculture, 30-120, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Cieślik
- Department of Nutrition Technology and Consumption, Malopolska Centre of Food Monitoring, University of Agriculture, 30-149, Krakow, Poland
| | - Fatih Özoğul
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Balcali, Adana, Turkey
| | - Joanna Tkaczewska
- Department of Animal Product Technology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, 30-149, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Szczurowska
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Economies, University of Agriculture, 30-120, Krakow, Poland
| | - Izabela Wałkowska
- Department of Nutrition Technology and Consumption, Malopolska Centre of Food Monitoring, University of Agriculture, 30-149, Krakow, Poland
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410
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Di Bella G, Naccari C, Bua GD, Rastrelli L, Lo Turco V, Potortì AG, Dugo G. Mineral composition of some varieties of beans from Mediterranean and Tropical areas. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 67:239-48. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2016.1153610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara Naccari
- Department of BIOMORF, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Luca Rastrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | | | | | - Giacomo Dugo
- Department of BIOMORF, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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411
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Brzezicha-Cirocka J, Grembecka M, Szefer P. Monitoring of essential and heavy metals in green tea from different geographical origins. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:183. [PMID: 26899031 PMCID: PMC4762913 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5157-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study measured the concentrations of toxic metals (Cd, Pb) and other elements (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Cr, Ni) in tea leaves and their infusions. The total metal contents were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Phosphorus concentration was determined using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. Assessment of the mineral composition enabled determination of the leaching percentage and the risk of exceeding provisional tolerable weekly intake for Cd through daily tea consumption. The concentrations of bioelements were analyzed based on the recommended daily intake values for each. According to recently established standards, green tea was found to be a rich source of Mn. The average Pb and Cd levels in a 200-mL beverage were 0.002 and 0.003 mg, respectively. Indian teas had the highest percentage of Cd leaching (43.8%) and Chinese tea had the lowest (9.41%). Multivariate analysis techniques such as factor analysis and cluster analysis were used to differentiate samples according to geographical origin (China, India, or Japan). Potassium, P, Mn, Fe, Cu, Co, and Cd were effective descriptors for the identification of tea samples from China, India, and Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Brzezicha-Cirocka
- Department of Food Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, Gdansk, 80-416, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Grembecka
- Department of Food Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, Gdansk, 80-416, Poland.
| | - Piotr Szefer
- Department of Food Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, Gdansk, 80-416, Poland
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412
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Lehel J, Laczay P, Gyurcsó A, Jánoska F, Majoros S, Lányi K, Marosán M. Toxic heavy metals in the muscle of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)--food toxicological significance. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:4465-72. [PMID: 26507733 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5658-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The study was performed on 20 (10 males, 10 females) roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) to investigate the concentration of cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic in the muscle tissue. They reside in forest and meadow, about 50 km distance from industrial activities and traffic. Samples were taken from the musculus biceps femoris of each deer without external contamination after shooting during the regular hunting season on a hunting area close to Eger in Hungary. The determination of heavy metal contents was carried out by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The statistical analysis was performed by statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 11.0. The measured residue concentration of cadmium was below the limit of detection in the roe deer meat indicating no health risk for the consumers. The average lead concentration (0.48 ± 0.21 mg/kg wet weight) exceeded the regulated maximum limit, but its calculated weekly intake was below the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI). The residue level of mercury is not regulated and the average mercury content of roe deer meat (0.87 ± 0.40 mg/kg wet weight) was about half of PTWI, but the consumption of meat with the highest detected concentrations results in higher PTWI than recommended. The measured concentration of arsenic (0.27 ± 0.20 mg/kg wet weight) in the roe deer meat may not pose any health risk for the human consumers according to the PTWI set by the World Health Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Lehel
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Péter Laczay
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ferenc Jánoska
- Institute of Wildlife Management and Vertebrata Zoology, Faculty of Forestry, University of West Hungary, Sopron, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Majoros
- Károly Róbert Public Nonprofit Ltd. Laboratory, Atkár, Tass-puszta, H-3213, Hungary
| | - Katalin Lányi
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Marosán
- Department of Exotic Animal and Wildlife Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary
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413
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Andreotti A, Borghesi F, Aradis A. Lead ammunition residues in the meat of hunted woodcock: a potential health risk to consumers. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2016.1142360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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414
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Pan XD, Wu PG, Jiang XG. Levels and potential health risk of heavy metals in marketed vegetables in Zhejiang, China. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20317. [PMID: 26831758 PMCID: PMC4735810 DOI: 10.1038/srep20317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study analyzed 5785 vegetables for concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni and Hg, and estimated the health risk to local consumers by deterministic (point estimates) approaches. Levels of elements varied in different vegetables. Average levels of As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Hg and Pb were 0.013, 0.017, 0.057, 0.002, 0.094 and 0.034 mg/kg (fresh weight), respectively. The samples with 0.25% for Cd and 1.56% for Pb were exceeding the maximum allowable concentrations (MACs) set by the Chinese Health Ministry. No obvious regular geographical distribution for these metals in vegetables was found in areas of Zhejiang, China. The mean and 97.5 percentile levels of heavy metal and metalloid were used to present the mean and high exposure assessment. The health indices (HIs) were less than the threshold of 1 both in mean and high exposure assessment. It indicates that for the general people there is very low health risk to As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni and Hg by vegetable intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Pan
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping-Gu Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Gen Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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415
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Adeyemi JA, Adedire CO, Paulelli AC, da Cunha Martins A, Ileke KD, Barbosa F. Levels and daily intake of lead (Pb) and six essential elements in gari samples from Ondo State, Southwest Nigeria: A potential risk factor of health status. J Food Compost Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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416
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Newth JL, Rees EC, Cromie RL, McDonald RA, Bearhop S, Pain DJ, Norton GJ, Deacon C, Hilton GM. Widespread exposure to lead affects the body condition of free-living whooper swans Cygnus cygnus wintering in Britain. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 209:60-7. [PMID: 26629647 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Lead poisoning, through the ingestion of spent lead gunshot, is an established cause of morbidity and mortality in waterbirds globally, but the thresholds at which blood levels begin to affect the physiology of birds in the wild are less well known. Here we determine the prevalence of lead exposure in whooper swans and, for the first time, identify the level of blood lead associated with initial reductions in body condition. Blood lead elevated above background levels (i.e. >20 μg dL(-1)) was found in 41.7% (125/300) of swans tested. Blood lead was significantly negatively associated with winter body condition when levels were ≥44 μg dL(-1) (27/260 = 10%). Our findings indicating that sub-lethal impacts of lead on body condition occur at the lower end of previously established clinical thresholds and that a relatively high proportion of individuals in this population may be affected, reaffirm the importance of reducing contamination of the environment with lead shot.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Newth
- Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, Gloucestershire, GL2 7BT, UK; Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, TR10 9EZ, UK.
| | - E C Rees
- Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, Gloucestershire, GL2 7BT, UK
| | - R L Cromie
- Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, Gloucestershire, GL2 7BT, UK
| | - R A McDonald
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, TR10 9EZ, UK
| | - S Bearhop
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, TR10 9EZ, UK
| | - D J Pain
- Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, Gloucestershire, GL2 7BT, UK
| | - G J Norton
- Institute of Biological Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - C Deacon
- Institute of Biological Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - G M Hilton
- Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, Gloucestershire, GL2 7BT, UK
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417
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Tattibayeva D, Nebot C, Miranda JM, Cepeda A, Mateyev E, Erkebaev M, Franco CM. A study on toxic and essential elements in rice from the Republic of Kazakhstan: comparing the level of contamination in rice from the European Community. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2016; 38:85-98. [PMID: 25750053 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-015-9687-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Selected toxic elements (total As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Sr, U and V) and essential elements (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) were analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in unpolished and milled rice collected from Kazakhstan and milled rice from Spain and Portugal to evaluate the potential health risk to the population. Arsenic species (arsenite, arsenate, arsenobetaine, dimethylarsinate and monomethilarsonate) were analyzed using HPLC-IC-MS. From 146 samples analyzed, none of them exceeded the maximum limit set by the European Legislation for Cd or Pb or values recommended by the Codex Alimentarius. Concentrations of Sr, U and V were below LOD and those of Hg, Pb, Co and Cr between <LOD and 0.54 mg/kg (highest concentration of Cr) in milled rice. Portuguese rice samples contained the highest mean concentration of As, Hg, Pb, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn and Zn. The highest mean of arsenobetaine (0.001 mg/kg), dimethylarsinate (0.27 mg/kg) and monomethilarsonate (0.02 mg/kg) was found in Spanish rice and that of arsenite (0.30 mg/kg) in Kazakh rice. Inorganic As in samples from Kazakhstan was above the ML (0.2 mg/kg) proposed by FAO/WHO, but in seven samples from Spain and in four from Portugal were above the limit. The estimated weekly intake of total or inorganic As(III, V), Cd, Hg and Pb for rice consumption by Kazakh, Spanish and Portuguese adults and children was lower than the provisional tolerable weekly intake established by Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives and the European Food Safety Authority.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tattibayeva
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Dpto. Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Pabellón 4 planta baja, Campus Universitario s/n, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - C Nebot
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Dpto. Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Pabellón 4 planta baja, Campus Universitario s/n, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - J M Miranda
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Dpto. Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Pabellón 4 planta baja, Campus Universitario s/n, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - A Cepeda
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Dpto. Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Pabellón 4 planta baja, Campus Universitario s/n, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - E Mateyev
- Department of "Mechanization and Automation of Manufacturing Processes", Almaty Technological University, Tole bi street, 100, 050012, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - M Erkebaev
- Department of "Mechanization and Automation of Manufacturing Processes", Almaty Technological University, Tole bi street, 100, 050012, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - C M Franco
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Dpto. Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Pabellón 4 planta baja, Campus Universitario s/n, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
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418
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Nho EY, Khan N, Choi JY, Kim JS, Park KS, Kim KS. Determination of Toxic Metals in Cephalopods from South Korea. ANAL LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2015.1107082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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419
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420
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Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of iron oxides and hydroxides (E 172) as food additives. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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421
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422
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423
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Di Bella G, Lo Turco V, Potortì AG, Bua GD, Fede MR, Dugo G. Geographical discrimination of Italian honey by multi-element analysis with a chemometric approach. J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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424
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Scientific opinion on the re‐evaluation of dimethyl dicarbonate (DMDC, E 242) as a food additive. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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425
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Dorta P, Rubio C, Lozano G, González-Weller D, Gutiérrez Á, Hardisson A, Revert C. Metals in Mullus surmuletus and Pseudupeneus prayensis from the Canary Islands (Atlantic Ocean). J Food Prot 2015; 78:2257-63. [PMID: 26613923 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A total of 20 metals (Na, K, Ca, Mg, B, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Sr, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, Zn, Al, Cd, and Pb) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry in muscle and liver tissue from a total of 28 examples of the fishes Mullus surmuletus and Pseudupeneus prayensis marketed in Tenerife, Canary Islands (Spain). Significant differences (P < 0.05) in B, K, Mg, Mn, and Na concentrations were found between muscle and liver. The mean concentrations of K (1,388.04 mg/kg wet weight [wet wt]) and Mg (153.33 mg/kg wet wt) were higher in muscle than in liver (697.49 and 114.21 mg/kg wet wt, respectively). The mean concentrations of B in liver (0.18 mg/kg wet wt), Mn (0.70 mg/kg wet wt), and Na (892.09 mg/kg wet wt) were higher than those in muscle (0.15, 0.11, and 375.55 mg/kg wet wt, respectively). The mean concentrations of Al, Cd, and Pb in muscle tissue were 2.72 mg/kg wet wt and 4.28 and 10.29 μg/kg wet wt, and those in liver tissue were 31.31 mg/kg wet wt and 612.91 and 232.08 μg/kg wet wt, respectively. When comparing the two fish species, the muscle tissue of M. surmuletus has significantly higher concentrations (P < 0.05) of Al, B, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Sr, and Zn than did P. prayensis muscle, whereas the concentrations of Cd and V were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in P. prayensis muscle. Toxicological assessment of Cd and Pb concentrations was performed using the maximum limits set by the European Commission Regulations 1881/2006 and 629/2008 for muscle tissue (50 and 300 μg/kg wet wt, respectively). The concentrations of Cd and Pb in muscle detected in the present study for all the analyzed examples of M. surmuletus and P. prayensis were lower than the maximums established for muscle tissue by European legislation. Therefore, consumption of the muscle of these fish is considered safe in terms of Al, Cd, and Pb concentrations. However, the consumption of liver tissue should be avoided because of its high levels of metals. Constant monitoring of the concentrations of metals of toxicological concern in fish products available in the market is an essential part of food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Dorta
- Department of Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Carmen Rubio
- Department of Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Gonzalo Lozano
- Department of Animal Biology, Soil Science, and Geology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Dailos González-Weller
- Department of Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ángel Gutiérrez
- Department of Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Arturo Hardisson
- Department of Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Consuelo Revert
- Department of Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain
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426
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Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of ascorbyl palmitate (E 304(i)) and ascorbyl stearate (E 304(ii)) as food additives. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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427
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Vandermeersch G, Lourenço HM, Alvarez-Muñoz D, Cunha S, Diogène J, Cano-Sancho G, Sloth JJ, Kwadijk C, Barcelo D, Allegaert W, Bekaert K, Fernandes JO, Marques A, Robbens J. Environmental contaminants of emerging concern in seafood--European database on contaminant levels. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 143:29-45. [PMID: 26123540 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Marine pollution gives rise to concern not only about the environment itself but also about the impact on food safety and consequently on public health. European authorities and consumers have therefore become increasingly worried about the transfer of contaminants from the marine environment to seafood. So-called "contaminants of emerging concern" are chemical substances for which no maximum levels have been laid down in EU legislation, or substances for which maximum levels have been provided but which require revision. Adequate information on their presence in seafood is often lacking and thus potential risks cannot be excluded. Assessment of food safety issues related to these contaminants has thus become urgent and imperative. A database (www.ecsafeseafooddbase.eu), containing available information on the levels of contaminants of emerging concern in seafood and providing the most recent data to scientists and regulatory authorities, was developed. The present paper reviews a selection of contaminants of emerging concern in seafood including toxic elements, endocrine disruptors, brominated flame retardants, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and derivatives, microplastics and marine toxins. Current status on the knowledge of human exposure, toxicity and legislation are briefly presented and the outcome from scientific publications reporting on the levels of these compounds in seafood is presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griet Vandermeersch
- Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Animal Sciences Unit - Fisheries, Ankerstraat 1, 8400 Oostende, Belgium.
| | - Helena Maria Lourenço
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Sara Cunha
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Diogène
- Institute of Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain
| | - German Cano-Sancho
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Rovirai Virgili University (URV), Reus, Spain
| | - Jens J Sloth
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark (DTU Food), Søborg, Denmark
| | - Christiaan Kwadijk
- Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), Wageningen University and Research Center, Ijmuiden, The Netherlands
| | - Damia Barcelo
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Girona, Spain; Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wim Allegaert
- Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Animal Sciences Unit - Fisheries, Ankerstraat 1, 8400 Oostende, Belgium
| | - Karen Bekaert
- Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Animal Sciences Unit - Fisheries, Ankerstraat 1, 8400 Oostende, Belgium
| | - José Oliveira Fernandes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Antonio Marques
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Johan Robbens
- Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Animal Sciences Unit - Fisheries, Ankerstraat 1, 8400 Oostende, Belgium
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428
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Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of cochineal, carminic acid, carmines (E 120) as a food additive. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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429
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Bi X, Li Z, Sun G, Liu J, Han Z. In vitro bioaccessibility of lead in surface dust and implications for human exposure: A comparative study between industrial area and urban district. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 297:191-197. [PMID: 25958267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, ground surface dust samples from two contrasting areas, a former zinc smelting area in Guizhou Province and a common urban district in Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China, were assessed for in vitro Pb bioaccessibility using a physiologically based extraction test (PBET). Extremely elevated concentrations of Pb (220-6348 mg/kg) and other trace metals were observed in the zinc smelting area. While moderate high metal concentrations (79-1544 mg/kg of Pb) in the urban dusts were attributed to various urban activities, coal combustion and traffic emissions. Lead bioaccessibility in the stomach-phase varied from 17.6 to 76.1% and no significant difference was found between industrial and urban dust samples. Compared with the stomach-phase, Pb bioaccessibility in the more alkaline intestinal-phase was considerably lower (1.2-21.8%). A significantly negative correlation was found between dust Ca concentrations and Pb bioaccessibility in the intestinal-phase, suggesting that Ca plays an important role in reducing the bioaccessible Pb in the intestinal-phase. The estimated Pb exposure based on gastric bioaccessible Pb was 13.9 and 1.8 μg/kg day for children living in the industrial and urban areas, respectively, accounting for 85% and 41% of their corresponding total Pb exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Zhonggen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Guangyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Jinling Liu
- School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhixuan Han
- Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration CAGS, Langfang 065000, China
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430
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Review of results published by Mesnage et al. (2015) in PLoS ONE and the laboratory findings communicated by Dr Samsel to Farm Wars. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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431
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432
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Outzen M, Tjønneland A, Larsen EH, Hansen M, Andersen KK, Christensen J, Overvad K, Olsen A. Effect of increased intake of fish and mussels on exposure to toxic trace elements in a healthy, middle-aged population. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:1858-66. [PMID: 26284299 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1072878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fish and shellfish are rich in essential nutrients, but are also a source of exposure to environmental contaminants. We aimed to investigate the effect of increased fish and mussel intake on mercury, arsenic, lead and cadmium blood concentrations. We randomly assigned 102 healthy men and women (all non-smokers) aged 48-76 years to an intervention group (n = 51) or a control group (n = 51). Intervention participants received a high amount of fish and mussels for 26 weeks (1 kg week(-1)). Controls received no intervention and were expected to eat less than 300 g of fish and mussels per week. Whole-blood concentrations of mercury, arsenic, lead and cadmium were determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. All available observations were included in linear multiple regression analysis to evaluate the effect of the intervention. The difference in mean change for intervention compared with control persons was 5.1 ng ml(-1) (95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.4, 5.8) for mercury, 7.1 ng ml(-1) (95% CI = 5.0, 9.2) for arsenic, and 2.6 ng ml(-1) (95% CI = 0.0, 5.2) for lead. For cadmium, the majority (65%) of the measured concentrations were below the limit of detection of 0.4 ng ml(-1), and the results are therefore not presented. In conclusion, whole-blood concentrations of mercury, arsenic and lead were significantly increased after 26 weeks intervention in this healthy, middle-aged population. The concentrations were not of health concern in this population, except for lead. For lead both the baseline and the post-intervention concentrations were high and exceeded the tolerable concentration levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malene Outzen
- a Diet, Genes, and Environment , Danish Cancer Society Research Center , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- a Diet, Genes, and Environment , Danish Cancer Society Research Center , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Erik H Larsen
- b Division of Food Chemistry , National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark , Søborg , Denmark
| | - Max Hansen
- c Division of Toxicology and Risk Assessment , National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark , Søborg , Denmark
| | - Klaus K Andersen
- d Statistics, Bioinformatics and Registry , Danish Cancer Society Research Center , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Jane Christensen
- d Statistics, Bioinformatics and Registry , Danish Cancer Society Research Center , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- e Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology , Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark.,f Department of Cardiology , Aalborg University Hospital , Aalborg , Denmark
| | - Anja Olsen
- a Diet, Genes, and Environment , Danish Cancer Society Research Center , Copenhagen , Denmark
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433
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Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of tocopherol‐rich extract (E 306), α‐tocopherol (E 307), γ‐tocopherol (E 308) and δ‐tocopherol (E 309) as food additives. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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434
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Esposito M, Picazio G, Serpe P, Lambiase S, Cerino P. Content of Cadmium and Lead in Vegetables and Fruits Grown in the Campania Region of Italy. J Food Prot 2015; 78:1760-5. [PMID: 26319733 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Illegal practices of waste combustion and their burial in some land devoted to agricultural crops caused a severe economic crisis of the agriculture and food sector in the Campania region of Italy. To assess the levels of contamination by lead and cadmium, the only metals subject to European Union legislation, a system of monitoring of plant foods in the whole territory of the region has been promoted, with the goal of certifying productions and consumer protection. In fact, products that comply with European Union standards are assigned a Quick Response Code, which guarantees the traceability of the product (manufacturer and location). The code also ensures the safety of the product, as it allows the consumer to see the results of the analysis performed on the specific chain of production. The content of lead and cadmium was determined in 750 vegetable samples by using the atomic absorption spectrophotometry after microwave mineralization. These levels were below the maximum limits in all but three samples; two samples of tomatoes exceeded the maximum level of cadmium, and one sample of valerian contained an excess of lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Esposito
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via della Salute 2, 8055 Portici, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Picazio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via della Salute 2, 8055 Portici, Italy
| | - Paola Serpe
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via della Salute 2, 8055 Portici, Italy
| | - Sara Lambiase
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via della Salute 2, 8055 Portici, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Cerino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via della Salute 2, 8055 Portici, Italy
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435
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Fachehoun RC, Lévesque B, Dumas P, St-Louis A, Dubé M, Ayotte P. Lead exposure through consumption of big game meat in Quebec, Canada: risk assessment and perception. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:1501-11. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1071921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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436
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Dziubanek G, Piekut A, Rusin M, Baranowska R, Hajok I. Contamination of food crops grown on soils with elevated heavy metals content. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 118:183-189. [PMID: 25942101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The exposure of inhabitants from 13 cities of The Upper Silesia Industrial Region to cadmium and lead has been estimated on the basis of heavy metals content in commonly consumed vegetables. The samples were collected from agricultural fields, allotments and home gardens in these cities. Cadmium and lead concentrations in samples of soil and vegetables - cabbage, carrots and potatoes were determined. High content of heavy metals in the arable layer of soil in Upper Silesia (max. 48.8 and 2470mgkg(-1) d.w. for Cd and Pb, respectively) explained high Cd and Pb concentrations in locally cultivated vegetables which are well above the permissible level. Three exposure scenarios with different concentrations of Pb and Cd in vegetables were taken into consideration. In the Scenario I where the content of heavy metals was equal to maximum permissible level, the value of hazard quotient (HQ) for Pb and Cd was 0.530 and 0.704, respectively. In the scenarios where were assumed consumption of contaminated vegetables from Upper Silesia the value of hazard quotient (HQ) for Pb and Cd was 0.755 and 1.337 for Scenario II and 1.806 and 4.542 for Scenario III. The study showed that consumption of vegetables cultivated in Upper Silesia Region on the agricultural fields, allotments and in home gardens may pose a significant health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Dziubanek
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
| | - Agata Piekut
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
| | - Monika Rusin
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
| | - Renata Baranowska
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
| | - Ilona Hajok
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
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437
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First data on trace elements in Haliotis tuberculata ( Linnaeus, 1758 ) from southern Italy: Safety issues. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 81:143-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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438
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Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of oxidised polyethylene wax (E 914) as a food additive. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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439
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Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (E 432), polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (E 433), polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (E 434), polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (E 435) and polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate (E 436) as food additives. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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440
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Scientific Opinion on re‐evaluation of copper complexes of chlorophylls (E 141(i)) and chlorophyllins (E 141(ii)) as food additives. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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441
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Skibniewski M, Skibniewska EM, Kośla T. The content of selected metals in muscles of the red deer (Cervus elaphus) from Poland. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:8425-31. [PMID: 25548020 PMCID: PMC4441742 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-4007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn, Rb, Cs, Sr and Ba in the muscles of red deer that were hunted in two regions of Poland (south-western and north-eastern). The data obtained were evaluated with regards to benefits and potential risk to consumers' health. Samples for the investigations were collected in 2008 and 2009 from 50 female red deer, and the metal concentrations were determined by using the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometric (ICP-MS) method. The mean concentrations of Pb did not differ statistically between regions and were equal to that permitted for farm animals. The results of this study support the conclusion that the meat of the analysed animals does not pose a risk of lead intoxication. Statistically higher mean concentrations of Cu and Zn were found in the muscles of red deer from the south-western region (namely, 2.99 and 25.78 mg kg(-1)) than those in animals from north-eastern Poland (namely, 2.61 and 23.39 mg kg(-1) wet weight). In terms of human nutritional needs, the meat of red deer can be considered as a good source of Cu and Zn. Furthermore, Rb, Cs, Sr and Ba concentrations did not differ statistically between regions. Their mean concentrations were 4.50, 0.09, 0.16 and 0.31 mg kg(-1) wet weight, respectively. Although high Cs, Sr and Ba concentrations were found, the meat of red deer does not pose a risk for adult consumers. Only high Ba content may potentially result in negative health effects for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Skibniewski
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland,
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442
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Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of sorbic acid (E 200), potassium sorbate (E 202) and calcium sorbate (E 203) as food additives. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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443
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Luis G, Rubio C, Revert C, Espinosa A, González-Weller D, Gutiérrez A, Hardisson A. Dietary intake of metals from yogurts analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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444
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446
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Salvo A, Cicero N, Vadalà R, Mottese AF, Bua D, Mallamace D, Giannetto C, Dugo G. Toxic and essential metals determination in commercial seafood: Paracentrotus lividus by ICP-MS. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:657-64. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1038261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Salvo
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute “Carmelo Abbate”Università di Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 -Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute “Carmelo Abbate”Università di Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 -Messina, Italy
| | - Rossella Vadalà
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute “Carmelo Abbate”Università di Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 -Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Francesco Mottese
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute “Carmelo Abbate”Università di Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 -Messina, Italy
| | - Daniel Bua
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute “Carmelo Abbate”Università di Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 -Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Mallamace
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute “Carmelo Abbate”Università di Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 -Messina, Italy
| | - Carlo Giannetto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche, Aziendali, Ambientali e Metodologie Quantitative, Università di Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122 -Messina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Dugo
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute “Carmelo Abbate”Università di Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 -Messina, Italy
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447
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Bille L, Binato G, Cappa V, Toson M, Dalla Pozza M, Arcangeli G, Ricci A, Angeletti R, Piro R. Lead, mercury and cadmium levels in edible marine molluscs and echinoderms from the Veneto Region (north-western Adriatic Sea – Italy). Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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448
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Augustsson ALM, Uddh-Söderberg TE, Hogmalm KJ, Filipsson MEM. Metal uptake by homegrown vegetables - the relative importance in human health risk assessments at contaminated sites. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 138:181-90. [PMID: 25723126 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Risk assessments of contaminated land often involve the use of generic bioconcentration factors (BCFs), which express contaminant concentrations in edible plant parts as a function of the concentration in soil, in order to assess the risks associated with consumption of homegrown vegetables. This study aimed to quantify variability in BCFs and evaluate the implications of this variability for human exposure assessments, focusing on cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in lettuce and potatoes sampled around 22 contaminated glassworks sites. In addition, risks associated with measured Cd and Pb concentrations in soil and vegetable samples were characterized and a probabilistic exposure assessment was conducted to estimate the likelihood of local residents exceeding tolerable daily intakes. The results show that concentrations in vegetables were only moderately elevated despite high concentrations in soil, and most samples complied with applicable foodstuff legislation. Still, the daily intake of Cd (but not Pb) was assessed to exceed toxicological thresholds for about a fifth of the study population. Bioconcentration factors were found to vary more than indicated by previous studies, but decreasing BCFs with increasing metal concentrations in the soil can explain why the calculated exposure is only moderately affected by the choice of BCF value when generic soil guideline values are exceeded and the risk may be unacceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L M Augustsson
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden.
| | - Terese E Uddh-Söderberg
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - K Johan Hogmalm
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Monika E M Filipsson
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
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449
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Taruscio D, Mantovani A, Carbone P, Barisic I, Bianchi F, Garne E, Nelen V, Neville AJ, Wellesley D, Dolk H. Primary prevention of congenital anomalies: recommendable, feasible and achievable. Public Health Genomics 2015; 18:184-91. [PMID: 25791968 DOI: 10.1159/000379739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary prevention of congenital anomalies was identified as an important action in the field of rare diseases by the European Commission in 2008, but it was not included in the Council Recommendation on an action in the field of rare diseases in 2009. However, primary prevention of congenital anomalies is feasible because scientific evidence points to several risk factors (e.g., obesity, infectious and toxic agents) and protective factors (e.g., folic acid supplementation and glycemic control in diabetic women). Evidence-based community actions targeting fertile women can be envisaged, such as risk-benefit evaluation protocols on therapies for chronic diseases, vaccination policies, regulations on workplace and environmental exposures as well as the empowerment of women in their lifestyle choices. A primary prevention plan can identify priority targets, exploit and integrate ongoing actions and optimize the use of resources, thus reducing the health burden for the new generation. The EUROCAT-EUROPLAN recommendations for the primary prevention of congenital anomalies endorsed in 2013 by the European Union Committee of Experts on Rare Diseases present an array of feasible and evidence-based measures from which national plans can adopt and implement actions based on country priorities. Primary prevention of congenital anomalies can be achieved here and now and should be an integral part of national plans on rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Taruscio
- National Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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450
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Palmer S, McIlwaine R, Ofterdinger U, Cox SF, McKinley JM, Doherty R, Wragg J, Cave M. The effects of lead sources on oral bioaccessibility in soil and implications for contaminated land risk management. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 198:161-71. [PMID: 25603155 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a non-threshold toxin capable of inducing toxic effects at any blood level but availability of soil screening criteria for assessing potential health risks is limited. The oral bioaccessibility of Pb in 163 soil samples was attributed to sources through solubility estimation and domain identification. Samples were extracted following the Unified BARGE Method. Urban, mineralisation, peat and granite domains accounted for elevated Pb concentrations compared to rural samples. High Pb solubility explained moderate-high gastric (G) bioaccessible fractions throughout the study area. Higher maximum G concentrations were measured in urban (97.6 mg kg(-1)) and mineralisation (199.8 mg kg(-1)) domains. Higher average G concentrations occurred in mineralisation (36.4 mg kg(-1)) and granite (36.0 mg kg(-1)) domains. Findings suggest diffuse anthropogenic and widespread geogenic contamination could be capable of presenting health risks, having implications for land management decisions in jurisdictions where guidance advises these forms of pollution should not be regarded as contaminated land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Palmer
- Queen's University Belfast, School of Planning, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK.
| | - Rebekka McIlwaine
- Queen's University Belfast, School of Planning, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Ulrich Ofterdinger
- Queen's University Belfast, School of Planning, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Siobhan F Cox
- Queen's University Belfast, School of Planning, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Jennifer M McKinley
- Queen's University Belfast, School of Geography, Archaeology and Palaeoecology, Elmwood Avenue, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Rory Doherty
- Queen's University Belfast, School of Planning, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Joanna Wragg
- British Geological Survey, Kingsley Dunham Centre, Keyworth NG12 5GG, UK
| | - Mark Cave
- British Geological Survey, Kingsley Dunham Centre, Keyworth NG12 5GG, UK
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