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Spitznagel N, Hidas C, Schacher S. [Representation of women in senior positions in emergency medicine]. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 2024:10.1007/s00063-024-01181-5. [PMID: 39316088 DOI: 10.1007/s00063-024-01181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gender equality and the empowerment of women is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals formulated by the United Nations. Gender-specific inequalities still exist, especially in medicine. Women are particularly lacking in leadership positions and in visible roles outside of patient care, such as at conferences and in scientific journals. AIM The aim of the study was to analyse the proportion of women in leadership positions in emergency medicine and the visible roles at emergency medicine conferences and scientific journals. MATERIALS AND METHODS A selective literature search in PubMed and an evaluation of the conference programmes from 2020-2021 as well as the editorial boards of journals were conducted with regard to the proportion of women. RESULTS Women continue to be significantly underrepresented on the editorial boards of emergency medicine journals and on the boards of leading emergency medicine organisations. Internationally, there are already programmes to increase the proportion of women in field of publications and scientific conferences; to date, there are only a few such programmes for women in emergency medicine in Germany. CONCLUSION Women in healthcare in general and in emergency medicine in particular are not equally represented outside of patient care. To date, there are hardly any programmes to promote women in emergency medicine in Germany. Mentoring, collegial support and organisational change are key to increasing the proportion of women in nonpatient care roles in emergency medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Spitznagel
- Zentrum für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Klinikum Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Deutschland.
| | | | - Sylvia Schacher
- Zentrale Notaufnahme, Ev. Krankenhaus Köln-Kalk, Köln, Deutschland
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Ashley E, Chadha P, Watson L. Unveiling Gender Disparity: A Closer Look at Speaker Representation at International Aesthetic Medicine Conferences. THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND AESTHETIC DERMATOLOGY 2024; 17:25-27. [PMID: 39263261 PMCID: PMC11386967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Despite some recent progress, gender disparity is a well-documented and persistent problem at medical professional conferences, with women being consistently underrepresented.1 This study examines the representation of speakers at international aesthetic medicine conferences, an area previously unexplored in the literature. Methodology An analysis of speaker composition was conducted of three international aesthetic medicine conferences over the past three years: the Aesthetics & Anti-Aging Medicine World Congress (AMWC), the International Master Course on Aging Science (IMCAS) World Congress, and the Facial Aesthetic Conference and Exhibition (FACE). Results Of the 5,993 clinical lectures amongst 189 sessions over three years, 66.34 percent were given by male speakers and 33.66 percent by female speakers. The gender disparity remained consistent over the three-year period reviewed, with no upward trend. Symposiums with all-male panels consisted of 26.4 percent of the total sessions. Conclusion The study highlights an ongoing gender imbalance at international aesthetic medicine conferences. These disparities have broad and significant implications in terms of inequalities in employment and earnings as well as the perpetuated societal inequalities faced by women. The aesthetic medicine community should therefore consider it a priority to acknowledge and address this issue by supporting improved representation of women at key events and congresses amongst other initiatives to drive positive change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmaline Ashley
- Drs. Ashley, Chadha, and Watson are with Acquisition Aesthetics in London, United Kingdom
| | - Priyanka Chadha
- Drs. Ashley, Chadha, and Watson are with Acquisition Aesthetics in London, United Kingdom
| | - Lara Watson
- Drs. Ashley, Chadha, and Watson are with Acquisition Aesthetics in London, United Kingdom
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Burgess L, Ghosh A, Yeap BY, Rasheed N, Ragala S, Nwiloh A, Willers H, Zietman A, Vapiwala N, Kamran SC. Recent Trends in "Manels" and Gender Representation Among Panelists at North American Annual Radiation Oncology Meetings. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 120:23-28. [PMID: 38508466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Achieving gender equity in radiation oncology is an important goal, as a smaller proportion of women enter radiation oncology residency compared with those graduating from medical school. As invited speaking opportunities at academic medical conferences are vital for promotion/tenure, we investigated the prevalence of all-men panels ("manels") at American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) and Canadian Society of Radiation Oncology (CARO) annual meetings. METHODS AND MATERIALS Using ASTRO and CARO online meeting programs, 2018 to 2021 faculty information was obtained, including gender, panel role (chair vs nonchair), type of session, and topic. Primary outcomes included percentage of manels and proportion of female panelists over time. Representation of women among chairs was also evaluated. RESULTS Over the 4-year study period across both conferences, a total of 765 panel sessions were held with 2973 faculty members, of whom 1287 (43.3%) were women. Of these sessions, 127 of 765 (16.6%) were manels. ASTRO meetings had 1169 of 2742 (42.6%) female faculty members and held 107 of 680 (15.7%) manels, whereas CARO meetings had 118 of 231 (51.1%) female faculty and held 20 of 85 manels (23.5%). From 2018 to 2021, the proportion of manels decreased at ASTRO and CARO meetings from 25.6% to 8.2% (P < .001) and from 29.6% to 15.0% (P = .130), respectively. The role of chair was majority male in every year from 2018 to 2021 at ASTRO meetings (58.6% overall), but more balanced at CARO meetings (48.0% overall). Among session types, the highest proportion of manels was observed for scientific sessions (19.1%, P = .011) at ASTRO meetings and leadership sessions (29.4%, P = .533) at CARO meetings. The lowest proportion of female panelists was on genitourinary cancer topics at ASTRO meetings (31.9%, P = .018) and physics topics at CARO meetings (40.4%, P = .085). CONCLUSIONS During the study period, the proportion of female panelists increased with a corresponding decrease in manels. ASTRO and CARO should strive for further involvement of women and the elimination of manels whenever possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Burgess
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anushka Ghosh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Beow Y Yeap
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nabeel Rasheed
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Siri Ragala
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | | | - Henning Willers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anthony Zietman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Neha Vapiwala
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sophia C Kamran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Verran D. On achieving gender equity within the liver transplantation medical and surgical workforce. FRONTIERS IN TRANSPLANTATION 2024; 3:1396631. [PMID: 39233746 PMCID: PMC11371686 DOI: 10.3389/frtra.2024.1396631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Until relatively recently there has been a paucity of readily available information pertaining to the demographics of the medical and surgical workforces for the subspecialty of liver transplantation. This is relevant as it relates to whether gender equity is now being achieved across this particular workforce. This manuscript focuses on what eventually led to the recognition that more comprehensive data were required along with what is now actually known with respect to the gender ratios of the liver transplant workforce along with their related academic activities. Potential solutions to address any ongoing imbalances are also examined. The extent and range of gender disparities previously reported for other cohorts of physicians and surgeons, are also apparent amongst the liver transplant workforce in most regions of the world. This also pertains to the higher leadership positions within liver transplant centers as well as for the related editorial and scientific congress roles. Common themes/recommendations are now emerging as to how best to address the lack of progress towards gender equity. These include the development and implementation of policies, the removal of barriers to career progression, and proper governance. Ongoing actions are going to be required to achieve gender equity across the workforce in liver transplantation around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Verran
- Surgical Services, Ramsay Healthcare, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Minter DJ, Parsons AS, Abdoler E. Reasoning Report: Engineering Case Conferences to Maximize Clinical Reasoning Education for All Learners. J Gen Intern Med 2024:10.1007/s11606-024-08778-8. [PMID: 38980464 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-024-08778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Case conferences, specifically those in which an unknown case is presented and discussed, are widely utilized in the delivery of medical education. However, the format of case conferences is not always optimized to engage and challenge audience members' clinical reasoning (CR). Based on the current conception of CR and our experience, we provide recommendations on how to better engineer case conferences to maximize CR education for learners at all levels through case selection, conference format, and intentional case construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Minter
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| | - Andrew S Parsons
- Division of General, Geriatric, Palliative, and Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Emily Abdoler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Malinzak EB, Vail EA, Wixson M, Lee A. Enhancing Our Workforce: Recruitment and Retention in Anesthesiology. Int Anesthesiol Clin 2024; 62:26-34. [PMID: 38785107 DOI: 10.1097/aia.0000000000000442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Increasingly, both healthcare leaders and studies of healthcare outcomes recommend a medical workforce that is representative of the patient population as a method to reduce health disparities and medical costs. Anesthesiology remains a specialty with lower proportions of women and underrepresented in medicine (URiM) physicians as compared to the overall physician workforce, with 26.1% of anesthesiologists identifying as women and 31.3% of anesthesiologists as URiM. Two areas of focus are commonly identified when discussing inadequate representation in the workforce: recruitment into the specialty and retention in the profession. As medical educators, we provide a critical role in the recruitment and retention of women and URiM anesthesiologists, through implementation of processes, programs, and cultural change. Here, we will discuss the current problems of recruitment and retention of women and URiM anesthesiologists and suggest action plans for now and the future to enhance our specialty's diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily A Vail
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew Wixson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Allison Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Nashan D, Schmeckenbecher E, Heinrichson M, Dill D, Hertl M, Welzel J. Visibility of women in the German Dermatological Society (DDG) - an observation based on conference chairs, awards and positions on the board of the DDG. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:1060-1062. [PMID: 38932524 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
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Meyer A, Streichert T. Towards equal representation - A bibliometric analysis of authorships in Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Chemistry from the United States, Canada, and Europe (2005-2022). Heliyon 2024; 10:e31411. [PMID: 38826703 PMCID: PMC11141379 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Although diversity has been demonstrated to benefit research groups, women remain underrepresented in most scientific disciplines, including Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Chemistry. In order to promote diversity and equality in scientific communities, understanding the gender distribution of authorship is crucial. Methods This study included a total of 30,268 Web of Science-listed Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine publications from the United States of America, Canada, and the member countries of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine from 2005 to 2022. In addition to the publication productivity of female and male authors over time, gender-specific publication characteristics and country-specific gender distributions of authorships were examined. Results Overall, publications with female first authors increased by 49 % between 2005 and 2022, averaging 42 % female first authors. Eastern Europe (60 %) and Southern Europe (51 %) had particularly high proportions of female first authors. While female last authorship was the most predictive of female first authorship, with an odds ratio of 2.01 (95 % CI: 1.91-2.12, p < 0.001), only 27 % of last authors were female. Moreover, citation rate was not predictive of female first or last authorship. Conclusion Authorship in Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine is moving towards gender parity. This trend is more pronounced for first authors than for last authors. Further research into the citations of female authors in this discipline could be a starting point for increasing the visibility of women researchers in science. Moreover, geographical differences may provide opportunities for future research on gender parity across disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Meyer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Streichert
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
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López Valle A, Rubio-Muniz CA. [Translated article] Gender at Dermatology Conferences: A Descriptive Analysis. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2024; 115:T518-T521. [PMID: 38479700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A López Valle
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - C A Rubio-Muniz
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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10
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López Valle A, Rubio-Muniz CA. Gender at Dermatology Conferences: A Descriptive Analysis. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2024; 115:518-521. [PMID: 36567031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A López Valle
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, España.
| | - C A Rubio-Muniz
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
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11
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Wiley Z, Kalu IC, Lyden E, Cichon CJ, Abdul-Mutakabbir JC, Herskovitz J, Marcelin JR. Demographic representation among speakers at the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) spring conferences. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2024; 45:422-428. [PMID: 37782036 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2023.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) is a leading medical society for infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship. This descriptive study evaluated speaker demographics at the annual SHEA Spring conferences from 2019 to 2022. METHODS This was a retrospective, descriptive analysis of the demographic composition of speakers at the annual SHEA Spring conferences between 2019 and 2022, excluding the cancelled 2020 conference. Self-reported demographics were available for gender, race, ethnicity, age, primary practice setting, and professional degrees in speaker and membership categories. RESULTS In total, 447 speaker slots were filled by 305 unique speakers over 3 years. Average annual membership included 55.2% female, 44.8% male, 69.3% White, 21.4% Asian, 6.0% Hispanic/Latino, 2.9% Black, and 0.4% American Indian/Alaska Native or Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (AIAN/NHPI); 48.9% did not report a race or ethnicity. Speakers during the same period were 63.5% female, 36.5% male, 68.2% White, 13.3% Asian, 3.8% Black, 3.4% Hispanic/Latino, 0.8% AIAN/NHPI; 13.4% did not report race or ethnicity. In 2021, pharmacists represented 11.6% of speakers (and 2.9% of members) and members with nondoctoral degrees represented 11.6% of speakers (and 21.5% of members) (P < .0001). In each year, we detected underrepresentation of community and private-practice speakers relative to membership (eg, in 2022, 4.3% of speakers vs 15.7% of members; P < .05). CONCLUSIONS The SHEA Spring conferences demonstrated an increase in pharmacist speakers over time, but speakers from community hospitals and with nondoctoral degrees remain underrepresented relative to membership. Racial and ethnic minoritized individuals remain underrepresented as members and speakers. Intentional interventions are needed to consistently achieve equitable speaker representation across multiple demographic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zanthia Wiley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ibukunoluwa C Kalu
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Elizabeth Lyden
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Catherine J Cichon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, OmahaNebraska
| | - Jacinda C Abdul-Mutakabbir
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of the Black Diaspora and African American Studies, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jonathan Herskovitz
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine Residency, University of Nebraska Medical Center, OmahaNebraska
| | - Jasmine R Marcelin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, OmahaNebraska
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Galeone A, Bernabei A, Cleuziou J, Menezes V, Park S, Kluin J, Pompili C. Gender representation among speaking and leader roles at European cardio-thoracic surgical annual meetings. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 65:ezad427. [PMID: 38128063 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezad427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our goal was to evaluate gender representation among session leaders and abstract presenters at European cardio-thoracic surgical annual meetings. METHODS We did a descriptive study of the gender distribution among session leaders and abstract presenters at 2 European cardio-thoracic international meetings from 2017 to 2022. Data from publicly available programmes were used to generate a list of session leaders and abstract presenters. The primary outcome was to evaluate the proportion of female sessions leaders at the annual meetings. Descriptive analyses were performed including the Cochran-Armitage trend test for linear trend of proportions. RESULTS A total of 1025 sessions of 11 annual meetings of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) and the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons were examined. A total of 397 (13.2%) out of 3007 total session leaders and 955 (15.2%) out of 6251 abstract presenters were female. From 2017 to 2022, the proportions of both female session leaders and abstract presenters trended significantly [10.4% to 21.9% (P < 0.001) and 13.7% to 18.3% (P < 0.001), respectively]. The EACTS female members and female meeting attendees significantly increased from 2017 to 2022 [11.1% to 15.9% (P < 0.001) and 23.7% to 26.9% (P < 0.001)], respectively. Most of the women attendees at the EACTS and the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons meetings who were session leaders and speakers came from Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom and the United States. CONCLUSIONS Women are under-represented compared to men in leadership and speaking roles at European cardio-thoracic surgical annual meetings. In the past few years, an encouraging positive trend over time for female leadership roles has been noted; as a result, the proportion of female society members is represented at the annual meetings. However, a substantial gender gap still exists in leading roles of meeting attendees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Galeone
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bernabei
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Julie Cleuziou
- Department of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vanessa Menezes
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, CHUM Endoscopic Tracheo-bronchial and Oesophageal Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Samina Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jolanda Kluin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Dunn C. Gender disparity of invited speakers at the American Association of Orthodontists Annual Session: A cross-sectional analysis 2015-2023. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2024; 165:197-204. [PMID: 37815778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The American Association of Orthodontists (AAO) Annual Session aims to educate members using expert speakers in the field. Selection to speak is an honor and can help further an orthodontist's career and credibility. A European study found a significant gender discrepancy in selected speakers at their orthodontic meeting. This has not been investigated in the United States. METHODS Speaker names from the 2015-2023 AAO Annual Sessions were obtained and analyzed for gender and then compared with active membership and orthodontic faculty percentages. In addition, the gender of each General Chair and Doctors' Program Chair was analyzed and then compared with the female speaker and membership percentages. Because AAO research award winners are selected blindly, show expertise in the field, and are provided an opportunity to speak at the Annual Session, their gender was also confirmed and compared with membership percentage and female speaker percentage. Two-way chi-square tests were used, and P values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Mann-Kendall trend tests analyzed any potential changes in gender representation among AAO active memberships and AAO Annual Session speakers. RESULTS Female doctors were underrepresented as speakers (P values ranged from <0.001 to <0.05) in every year studied except 2020 compared with active membership and female faculty percentages. Female doctors were also significantly underrepresented as Annual Session General Chairs and Doctors' Program Chairs (P <0.01). The difference in female doctor representation among research awards winners (63%) compared with the Annual Session speakers (19%) was highly significant. Female representation in AAO active membership shows a significant increase from 2015 to 2023. The ratio of female-to-male speakers appears to be increasing but did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Female doctors are underrepresented as selected speakers at the AAO Annual Session but comprise the majority of research award recipients. Efforts to provide opportunities for women to showcase their knowledge should be implemented.
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Goldowsky A, Singh R, Moss A. Speaker Diversity and Audience Ratings at a National Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Conference. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:78-82. [PMID: 36932989 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need to improve speaker diversity at gastroenterology conferences, but little public data exist to quantify this. In addition, the perception of diverse speakers by conference audiences is not appreciated. We sought to identify time trends in speaker profiles and audience ratings at a national inflammatory bowel diseases conference. METHODS Faculty profiles and audience feedback forms from 2014 to 2020 were reviewed for an annual inflammatory bowel diseases meeting. Speaker demographics including gender, race, and years of experience post-training were collected. Continuing medical education surveys were examined for audience ratings of speakers' knowledge level and teaching ability. RESULTS Six years of data were collected, including 560 main program faculty and 13 905 total feedback forms. The percentage of female speakers increased from 25% in 2016 to 39% in 2020. All-male panels decreased from 47% in 2014 to 2017 to 11% in 2018 to 2020. Racial diversity of speakers remained unchanged (13% Asian, 5% Hispanic/Latinx, 1% Black). In audience feedback forms, female speakers from all sessions were perceived as having equal knowledge base and teaching ability compared with male speakers. However, speakers with <10 years of experience post-training were viewed as less knowledgeable and with poorer teaching abilities compared with more senior faculty. CONCLUSIONS Gender diversity at inflammatory bowel disease conferences is improving. However, there remain significant gaps, particularly in racial diversity and improving perceptions of early-career speakers. These data should inform program committees for future gastroenterology conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Goldowsky
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roshni Singh
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan Moss
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Rodrigues TC, Antunes E, Dias P, Serfaty A. Representation of women in musculoskeletal radiology conferences in Europe and North and South Americas: an estimation and comparative analysis. Skeletal Radiol 2024; 53:117-127. [PMID: 37306770 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-023-04377-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess gender distribution and disparities in the musculoskeletal field at radiology conferences and to identify factors associated with the imbalance of women speakers. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study evaluated publicly available data online from musculoskeletal radiology conference programs from radiological societies across Europe, North America (NA), and South America (SA) from 2016 to 2020. The gender of invited speakers, moderators, and planning committee members and the occurrence of single-gender panels for musculoskeletal and plenary sessions were assessed. RESULTS A total of 531 sessions, 2580 speakers, 603 moderators, and 231 planning committee members were assessed. Women accounted for 26.6% of total speakers (p<0.001), 33.3% of moderators (p<0.001), and 31.2% of planning committee members (p=0.381). All-male panels were 26.7%, with 21.1% of women moderating these panels (p<0.001). The proportion of women speakers in musculoskeletal and plenary sessions was 29.7% and 34.6% in NA (p=0.035, p=0.052), 26.6% and 25.0% in Europe (p<0.001, p=0.199), and 12.9% and 13.6% in SA (p<0.001). The proportion of women moderators was 35.0% in NA (p=0.002), 37.1% in Europe (p=0.914), and 13.8% in SA (p<0.001). A linear relationship was observed in the proportion of women speakers, moderators, and members of the planning committee (p<0.05). CONCLUSION We evaluated the participation of women speakers in musculoskeletal radiology conference programs, with significant differences in Europe and South America in all years evaluated, and the participation of women moderators with significant differences in South America and in all-male panels in all regions. Acknowledging gender biases and increasing the number of women on planning committees may help address gender imbalance and promote gender equity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika Antunes
- Medscanlagos Radiology, rua Manoel Francisco Valentim, 57, Cabo Frio, RJ, 28906220, Brazil
| | - Pedro Dias
- Grupo Fleury, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Hospital Copa Star, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Aline Serfaty
- Medscanlagos Radiology, rua Manoel Francisco Valentim, 57, Cabo Frio, RJ, 28906220, Brazil.
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Hunt KM, Foley M, Connors LA, Hildebrand KJ, Ellis AK. Trends in the proportion of women speakers at North American Allergy and Immunology conferences, 2008 to 2020. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2023; 131:728-736. [PMID: 37689114 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.08.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women in medicine continue to be underrepresented at medical conferences. Previous studies have evaluated the proportion of invited female speakers across multiple specialties and evaluated factors that may have led to this disparity. The field of Allergy and Immunology has often been excluded and analyses have not illustrated how the trends have changed over the past decade. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the distribution of invited speakers by gender over time at the 3 largest North American Allergy and Immunology conferences. METHODS This retrospective longitudinal analysis used conference programs from 2008 to 2020 from the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (AAAAI), the American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (ACAAI), and the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (CSACI). The gender (binary definition, man or woman, based on names, photos, pronouns, from conference programs and institutional profiles) of invited speakers was analyzed as the primary outcome, and planning committee members, and multispeaker sessions as secondary outcomes. These data were compared with publicly available data on the composition of the specialty by gender in the United States and Canada. RESULTS Women speakers at AAAAI, ACAAI, and CSACI conferences have historically been lower than male speakers and underrepresented compared with specialty composition. However, there has been a significant increase in the proportion of women speakers over time for all 3 conferences individually (AAAAI: 23.7% in 2008, 41.1% by 2020; ACAAI: 16.7% in 2008, 37.3% by 2020; CSACI: 19.4% in 2008, 54.8% by 2020; P < .001 for each) and combined (21.3% in 2008, 40.7% by 2020, P < .001). This trend coincides with a significant increase in women on the planning committee (all conferences: 20% in 2008, 50.6% by 2020; P < .001). There is also a decreasing trend over time for men-only multispeaker sessions. CONCLUSION This study sheds light on the trends of women speaker representation at Allergy and Immunology conferences and provides clarity on future needs to reach equal representation in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Hunt
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Division of Allergy and Immunology The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Mary Foley
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lori A Connors
- Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Kyla J Hildebrand
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anne K Ellis
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Dossa F, Baxter NN. The place of women in gastrointestinal medicine and surgery: the need for progress. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 8:965-966. [PMID: 37837971 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(23)00232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahima Dossa
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nancy N Baxter
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia.
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Reichard KG, Levine DA, Reed J, Barrick-Groskopf L, Bechtel K, Cooper G, Hall JE, White ML, Langhan ML. Spotlighting the imbalance: Gender disparities among speakers and awardees at pediatric emergency medicine conferences. Acad Emerg Med 2023; 30:1138-1143. [PMID: 37550843 DOI: 10.1111/acem.14786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are wide variations in the gender makeup of speakers at national pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) conferences with no significant change in recent years. OBJECTIVE Gender disparities exist among national speakers and award recipients. PEM represents the intersection of pediatrics, a female-dominated specialty with approximately 58% women, and emergency medicine, a male-dominated specialty. We describe the proportion of women speakers and award recipients at two national PEM conferences, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Section on Emergency Medicine (SOEM) and the Advanced PEM Assembly (APEMA), to the AAP National Conference & Exhibition (NCE), a national pediatric conference. METHODS Data from SOEM and APEMA, obtained from 2016 to 2021 were compared to the 2021 NCE. Invited speakers, abstract presenters, and award recipients were identified. Gender was determined by searching each individual's name for self-identification. Gender proportions were compared across conferences, speaker type, and year. RESULTS Compared to the NCE, a significantly smaller proportion of women were invited speakers at APEMA (NCE 59.9% vs. APEMA 38.8%, p < 0.001), but similar proportions of women were invited speakers (53.9%, p = 0.178) and awardees at SOEM (50% vs. 50%, p = 1.0). A larger number of women were SOEM abstract presenters than invited speakers (63.3% vs. 53.9%, p = 0.041). Between 2016 and 2021, the proportion of women invited speakers (SOEM, p = 0.744; APEMA, p = 0.947) or abstract presenters (SOEM, p = 0.632) did not significantly change. CONCLUSIONS Compared to NCE, women are underrepresented as speakers at APEMA, but not at SOEM. Abstract presenters are more likely to be women compared to invited speakers. While awards appear equally distributed, recipients do not mirror the proportion of women in PEM. Conference organizers and leaders in PEM should ensure gender equity in national recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen G Reichard
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Montefiore Nyack Hospital, Nyack, New York, USA
| | - Deborah A Levine
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer Reed
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Lindsey Barrick-Groskopf
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kirsten Bechtel
- Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Section of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gena Cooper
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jeannine E Hall
- Division of Emergency and Transport Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marjorie L White
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine/University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Melissa L Langhan
- Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Section of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Fawaz AS, O'Connell C, Manecksha RP, Redmond EJ, Nason G, Dowling C, O'Kelly F. Women in Irish urology: An examination of female representation amongst attendees of the Irish Society of Urology annual meeting (2008-2020). Surgeon 2023; 21:308-313. [PMID: 36935272 DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is underrepresentation of women at surgical conferences. We examine the representation of women in Irish urology by looking at gender balance within the Irish Society of Urology (ISU) conference. AIMS ISU programmes over thirteen years from 2008 to 2020 were assessed and female representation in session chairs, guest speakers, poster and oral presentations identified. Gender distributions of authors for each year was examined. To investigate changes in female representation temporally, the period of this study (2008-2020) was subdivided and compared: 2008-2013 and 2014-2020. RESULTS 76 sessions were presided over by 138 chairs, of which 6 (4.3%) were female. Eight conferences had zero female chairs. 62 guest lectures were given, 6 (9.6%) by women. Of total 340 poster and 434 oral presentations, women delivered 24.9% (0-47.5%) of posters and 31.6% (10.3-59.4%) of oral presentations. We found no significant difference in the percentage of female poster presentations between the time periods 2008-2013 (m = 18.2, sd = 13.7) and 2014-2020 (m = 34.3, sd = 17.8), t(11) = -1.4, p > 0.05. However, we found a significant difference in the percentage of female oral presentations between the periods 2008-2013 (m = 18.7, sd = 14.2) and 2014-2020 (m = 40.6, sd = 14.5), t(11) = -2.8, p < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the second to examine female representation in Irish urology. Session chairs and guest speakers were grossly overrepresented by males as were oral and poster presentations. Despite lacking female influence overall, in more recent years there was an increased representation of women. Societies should strive to increase female representation, as this perpetuates a positive feedback loop, encouraging future female trainees to pursue urological surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Fawaz
- Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | - G Nason
- Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Dowling
- University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
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20
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McKenzie CA, Gupta R, Jackett L, Anderson L, Chen V, Dahlstrom JE, Dray M, Farshid G, Hemmings C, Karim R, Kench JG, Klebe S, Kramer N, Kumarasinghe P, Maclean F, Morey A, Nguyen MA, O'Toole S, Rowbotham B, Salisbury ELC, Scolyer RA, Stewart K, Waring L, Cooper CL, Cooper WA. Looking beyond workforce parity: addressing gender inequity in pathology. Pathology 2023; 55:760-771. [PMID: 37573162 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
While women pathologists have made up over one-third of pathologists in the Australian workforce for over 15 years and at least 50% since 2019, they are under-represented in senior leadership roles, scientific publications, grant recipients, editorial boards, key presentations, and professional awards. This is not unique to pathology and is seen in the broader medical and academic community. Barriers to gender equity and equality in pathology, medicine and academia include gender stereotypes, gender-based discrimination, structural and organisational barriers as well as broader social and cultural barriers. A diverse leadership reflective of the whole professional body and the broader community is important for optimal health outcomes. It is the responsibility and moral duty of individuals and organisations to address any gender disparities, inequities, and inequalities by monitoring, identifying, and acting on gender biases and systemic barriers that hinder appropriate levels of representation by women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catriona A McKenzie
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ruta Gupta
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Lyndal Anderson
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vivien Chen
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Haematology Concord Repatriation and General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jane E Dahlstrom
- ACT Pathology Canberra Health Services, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - Gelareh Farshid
- SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Chris Hemmings
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rooshdiya Karim
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James G Kench
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonja Klebe
- SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | | | - Fiona Maclean
- Douglass Hanly Moir Pathology Sonic Healthcare, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Adrienne Morey
- ACT Pathology Canberra Health Services, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Minh Anh Nguyen
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sandra O'Toole
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Beverley Rowbotham
- Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Elizabeth L C Salisbury
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; ICPMR Westmead Hospital, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Caroline L Cooper
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; Pathology Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Wendy A Cooper
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Jacobson LA, Zhong SS, Mackinnon SE, Novak CB, Patterson JMM. Calling on Sponsorship: Analysis of Speaker Gender Representation at Hand Society Meetings. Plast Reconstr Surg 2023; 152:594-600. [PMID: 36912914 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000010398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The paucity of leadership diversity in surgical specialties is well documented. Unequal opportunities for participation at scientific meetings may impact future promotions within academic infrastructures. This study evaluated gender representation of surgeon speakers at hand surgery meetings. METHODS Data were retrieved from the 2010 and 2020 meetings of the American Association for Hand Surgery (AAHS) and American Society for Surgery of the Hand (ASSH). Programs were evaluated for invited and peer-reviewed speakers excluding keynote speakers and poster presentations. Gender was determined from publicly available sources. Bibliometric data (Hirsch index) for invited speakers were analyzed. RESULTS In 2010 at the AAHS ( n = 142) and ASSH meetings ( n = 180), female surgeons represented 4% of the invited speakers and in 2020 increased to 15% at AAHS ( n = 193) and 19% at ASSH ( n = 439). From 2010 to 2020, female surgeon invited speakers had a 3.75-fold increase at AAHS and 4.75-fold increase at ASSH. Representation of female surgeon peer-reviewed presenters at these meetings was similar (2010 AAHS, 26%; and 2010 ASSH, 22%; 2020 AAHS, 23%; 2020 ASSH, 22%). The academic rank of women speakers was significantly lower ( P < 0.001) than for male speakers. At the assistant professor level, the mean Hirsch index was significantly lower ( P < 0.05) for female invited speakers. CONCLUSIONS Although there was a significant improvement in gender diversity in invited speakers at the 2020 meetings compared with 2010, female surgeons remain underrepresented. Gender diversity is lacking at national hand surgery meetings, and continued effort and sponsorship of speaker diversity is imperative to curate an inclusive hand society experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Jacobson
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Shuting S Zhong
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery
| | - Susan E Mackinnon
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Christine B Novak
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto
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Aspinall SL, Nim CG, Harsted S, Miller A, Øverås CK, Roseen EJ, Young JJ, Søgaard K, Kawchuk G, Hartvigsen J. Presenters at chiropractic research conferences 2010-2019: is there a gender equity problem? Chiropr Man Therap 2023; 31:28. [PMID: 37563699 PMCID: PMC10416520 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-023-00498-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presenting at professional and scientific conferences can be an important part of an individual's career advancement, especially for researchers communicating scientific findings, and can signal expertise and leadership. Generally, women presenting at conferences are underrepresented in various science disciplines. We aimed to evaluate the gender of presenters at research-oriented chiropractic conferences from 2010 to 2019. METHODS We investigated the gender of presenters at conferences hosted by chiropractic organisations from 2010 to 2019 that utilised an abstract submission process. Gender classification was performed by two independent reviewers. The gender distribution of presenters over the ten-year period was analysed with linear regression. The association of conference factors with the gender distribution of presenters was also assessed with linear regression, including the gender of organising committees and abstract peer reviewers, and the geographic region where the conference was hosted. RESULTS From 39 conferences, we identified 4,340 unique presentations. Women gave 1,528 (35%) of the presentations. No presenters were classified as gender diverse. Overall, the proportion of women presenters was 30% in 2010 and 42% in 2019, with linear regression demonstrating a 1% increase in women presenting per year (95% CI = 0.4-1.6%). Invited/keynote speakers had the lowest proportion of women (21%) and the most stagnant trajectory over time. The gender of conference organisers and abstract peer reviewers were not significantly associated with the gender of presenters. Oceanic conferences had a lower proportion of women presenting compared to North America (27% vs. 36%). CONCLUSIONS Overall, women gave approximately one-third of presentations at the included conferences, which gradually increased from 2010 to 2019. However, the disparity widens for the most prestigious class of keynote/invited presenters. We make several recommendations to support the goal of gender equity, including monitoring and reporting on gender diversity at future conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Casper Glissmann Nim
- Medical Research Unit, Spine Centre of Southern Denmark, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Middelfart, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Steen Harsted
- Medical Research Unit, Spine Centre of Southern Denmark, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Middelfart, Denmark
- Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Amy Miller
- School of Chiropractic, AECC University College, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Cecilie K Øverås
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eric J Roseen
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedision School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James J Young
- Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Karen Søgaard
- Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Greg Kawchuk
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jan Hartvigsen
- Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Chiropractic Knowledge Hub, Odense, Denmark
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Gibson LM, Wood KL, Wardlaw JM. Towards equality: gender representation at the Royal College of Radiologists' Annual Scientific Meeting 2014-2021. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 7:291. [PMID: 37577449 PMCID: PMC10422055 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18439.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Conferences facilitate career advancement, but gender imbalances in public fora may negatively impact both women and men, and society. We aimed to describe the gender distribution of presenters at the UK's 2014-2021 Royal College of Radiologists' (RCR) Annual Scientific Meeting. Methods: We extracted data on presenter name, role and session type from meeting programmes. We classified gender as male or female using names, records or personal pronouns, accepting the limitations of these categories. We classified roles by prestige: lead, other (speakers and workshop faculty), proffered paper or poster presenters. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between gender and binary outcomes using logistic regression. Results: Women held 1,059 (37.5%) of 2,826 conference roles and presented 9/27 keynotes. Compared to men, women were less likely to hold other roles such as speakers and workshop faculty (OR 0.72 95% CI 0.61-0.83), and more likely to present posters (OR 1.49 95% CI 1.27-1.76). There were 60 male-only and eight women-only multi-presenter sessions. Sessions led by women had higher proportions of women speakers. The odds of roles being held by women increased during online meetings during COVID in 2020 and 2021 (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.36-1.91) compared to earlier years. Conclusion: The proportion of women presenters and keynote speakers reflects that of RCR membership, but not of wider society. Disadvantage starts from the earliest career stages, prejudicing career opportunities. Efforts to improve inclusion and diversity are needed; focusing on lead roles and hybrid online/in-person formats may accelerate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna M. Gibson
- Centre for Biomedicine, Self and Society, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kayleigh L. Wood
- Department of Clinical Radiology, New Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joanna M. Wardlaw
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Imaging, and Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Anteneodo C, Brito C, Menezes DP. Physics scientific events in Brazil: Female participation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287931. [PMID: 37418481 PMCID: PMC10328322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that diversity matters to improve scientific excellence and that scientific events are important occasions to discuss new ideas and create networks, beyond the fact that it helps to put the work of the scientists in evidence. Hence, increasing diversity in scientific events is crucial to improve their scientific quality and help to promote minorities. In Brazil, important physics scientific events are organized by the Brazilian Physical Society (SBF, in Portuguese), and in this work, some aspects related to the participation of women in these physics events are analyzed from 2005 to 2021. The analysis shows that women's participation has increased over the years, reaching in some areas of Physics the same percentage as the one observed in the SBF community (always below 25%). However, female participation as members of organizing committees and as keynote speakers is always lower. Some proposals are listed to change the current picture of inequality.
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25
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Monson E, Ng K, Sibbick H, Berbiche D, Morvannou A. Gender disparity in prestigious speaking roles: A study of 10 years of international conference programming in the field of gambling studies. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286803. [PMID: 37347772 PMCID: PMC10286988 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the distribution of prestigious speaking roles by gender at gambling studies conferences to better understand the state of gender representation within the field. Keyword searches were conducted in the fall of 2019. A total of 16 conferences that occurred between 2010-2019 and comprising 882 prestigious speaking opportunities were included. Quantitative analysis (i.e., t-tests, chi-squared posthoc tests) was undertaken to evaluate the representation of women speakers and if proportions were the same across genders for speakers. There were significantly less women than men within prestigious speaking roles at gambling studies conferences with only 30.2% of speakers being women (p < .001). This underrepresentation of women was consistent across conference location, speaker continent, speaker role, time, and across the majority of conferences. Women held prestigious speaking roles less frequently than men (M = 1.48 vs. 1.76; p < .001). A 9 to 1 (p < .001) ratio of men to women was found among top 10 most frequent prestigious speakers. While there was a higher proportion of women than men among student speakers and there was no significant gender disparity among early career researchers, there was a significantly lower proportion of women than men among speakers who hold more senior academic positions. There is an issue of gender disparity in prestigious speaking roles at conferences within the gambling studies field. This study highlights the need to counteract gender disparities and make room for diversity within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Monson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, Québec, Canada
| | - Kimberly Ng
- Independent Researcher, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hannah Sibbick
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, Québec, Canada
| | - Djamal Berbiche
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Département des Sciences de la Santé Communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Adèle Morvannou
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, Québec, Canada
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Yi G, Payandeh J, Mavedatnia D, Neocleous P, Davidson J, Siu J, Zirkle M, Strychowsky JE, Graham ME, Chan Y. Gender representation in leadership & research: a 13-year review of the Annual Canadian Society of Otolaryngology Meetings. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 52:38. [PMID: 37170245 PMCID: PMC10173511 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-023-00635-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gender disparity in surgical disciplines, specifically in speakers across North American medical and surgical specialty conferences, has been highlighted in recent literature. Improving gender diversity at society meetings and panels may provide many benefits. Our aim was to determine the state of gender diversity amongst presenters and speakers at the annual Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (CSO) meetings. METHODS Scientific programs for the CSO annual meetings from 2008 to 2020 were obtained from the national society website. Participant name, role, gender, location, and subspecialty topic were recorded for all roles other than poster presenter. Gender (male or female) was determined using an online search. The total number of opportunity spots and proportion of women was then calculated. Gender differences were analyzed using chi-square test and logistic regression with odds ratios. Four categories were analyzed: Society Leadership, Invited Speaker Opportunities, Workshop Composition (male-only panels or "manels", female-only panels, or with at least one female speaker), and Oral Paper Presenters (first authors). RESULTS There were 1874 leadership opportunity spots from 2008 to 2020, of which 18.6% were filled by women. Among elected leadership positions in the society, only 92 unique women filled 738 leadership opportunity spots. 13.2% of workshop chairs, 20.8% of panelists and 22.7% of paper session chairs were female. There was an overall increase in the proportion of leadership positions held by women, from 13.9% of leadership spots in 2008 to 30.1% in 2020. Of the 368 workshops, 61.1% were led by men only, 36.4% by at least 1 female surgeon, and 2.5% by women only. "Manels" have comprised at least 37.5% of workshops each year. CONCLUSIONS The proportion of women in speaking roles at the annual CSO meetings has generally increased over time, particularly among panelists, leading to fewer male-only speaking panels. However, there has been a slower rate of growth in the proportion of unique women in speaker roles. There remains an opportunity to increase gender/sex diversity at the major Canadian otolaryngology meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Yi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Unit 8CC-121, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | | | | | - Penelope Neocleous
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jacob Davidson
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Siu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Unit 8CC-121, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Molly Zirkle
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Unit 8CC-121, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Julie E Strychowsky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - M Elise Graham
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Yvonne Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Unit 8CC-121, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.
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Heaps S, Kodan A, Malik E. Continued gender imbalance on panels at urology meetings. BJU Int 2023; 131:437-439. [PMID: 36478345 DOI: 10.1111/bju.15942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Heaps
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Asha Kodan
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ena Malik
- University of Maryland Division of Urology, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Representation of Female Speakers at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Annual Meetings Over Time. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2023; 31:283-291. [PMID: 36727899 DOI: 10.5435/jaaos-d-22-00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, women comprise 16% of orthopaedic surgery residents, 4% of fellows, and 6% of practicing orthopaedic surgeons. The underrepresentation of women in surgical subspecialties may be because of lack of early exposure to female mentors. Conference speaker roles are important for visibility. This study aims to evaluate the representation of women in speaker roles and responsibilities at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) meetings over time. METHODS The names of speakers and session titles at the annual AAOS meetings were obtained from conference programs for the years 2009, 2014, and 2019. Each speaker was classified based on sex and role. Sessions discussing scientific or surgical topics were classified as technical and those that did not were classified as nontechnical. Descriptive statistics are provided, as well as individual-year odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) examining sex versus technical session status and sex versus speaker role; combined results controlling for year are calculated using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel method. RESULTS Overall, 3,980 speaking sessions were analyzed; 6.8% of speaking sessions were assigned to women. Women were more likely than men to participate in nontechnical speaking roles (OR 3.85; 95% CI, 2.79 to 4.78). Among talks given by women, the percentage that were nontechnical increased (25.5% in 2009, 24.3% in 2014, and 44.1% in 2019). Among moderator roles, the percentage assigned to women increased (4.5% in 2009, 6.0% in 2014, 14.5% in 2019). DISCUSSION Our findings demonstrate an increase in female speakers at AAOS meetings from 2009 to 2019. The percentage of female moderators and nontechnical sessions given by women increased since 2009. A need for a shift in the distribution of speaker role exists, which promotes inclusivity and prevents professional marginalization. Representation of women as role models increases visibility and may address the leaky pipeline phenomenon and paucity of women in orthopaedics.
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Marcelin JR, Khazanchi R, Lyden E, Cawcutt KA, Ha DR, Florez N, Kullar R, Ristagno EH. Demographic Representation Among Speakers and Program Committee Members at the IDWeek Conference, 2013-2021. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 76:897-904. [PMID: 36208201 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2016, the IDWeek program committee was charged with ensuring gender equity in speaker sessions. Whether this charge also resulted in more opportunities for historically underrepresented speakers is unknown. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of trends in the demographic composition of IDWeek speakers and program committee members between 2013 and 2021. We used descriptive statistics to summarize data, χ2 tests to compare speaker demographics between 2013-2016 (before 2016) and 2017-2021 (after 2016), and Cochran-Armitage tests for trend. Each speaker slot was considered an independent event. RESULTS A total of 5482 speaker slots were filled by 3389 individuals from 2013 to 2021. There was a linear increase in female speakers from 38.6% in 2013 to 58.4% in 2021 (P < .001). The proportion of white speakers decreased overall from 84.9% in 2013 to 63.5% in 2021. Compared with white speakers, more slots were filled by Asian speakers after 2016 versus before 2016 (20.1% vs 14.8%, respectively; P < .001). Program committee members from 2013-2021 were >80% non-Hispanic white; <5% of committee members identified as black, American Indian, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, or Hispanic. More program committee slots were filled by women after 2016 than before 2016 (52.7% vs 33.9%; P = .004). CONCLUSIONS Intentional consideration of gender equity by the program committee was associated with equitable gender representation of invited speakers at IDWeek after 2016. Gradually, the proportions of IDWeek speakers from historically excluded racial/ethnic approached their respective proportions in the IDSA membership. White speakers remained overrepresented relative to membership proportions until 2021, and gaps in program committee racial/ethnic demographic representation highlights opportunities for continued inclusion, diversity, access, and equity at IDWeek.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine R Marcelin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Rohan Khazanchi
- Internal Medicine-Pediatrics Residency Program, Brigham & Women's Hospital/Boston Children's Hospital/Boston Medical Center and Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth Lyden
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Kelly A Cawcutt
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - David R Ha
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Narjust Florez
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth H Ristagno
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Minnesota, USA
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Puthumana JS, Khan IF, Tiongco RFP, Rezwan SK, Atayeva R, Nahmias JT, Jung SA, Cooney CM. Analysis of gender representation, authorship inflation, and institutional affiliation in abstract acceptance: a 5-year study. GLOBAL SURGICAL EDUCATION : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR SURGICAL EDUCATION 2023; 2:37. [PMID: 38013876 PMCID: PMC9938508 DOI: 10.1007/s44186-023-00105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Our goals were to characterize associations of author number, author gender, and institutional affiliation on ratings and acceptances of abstracts submitted to one surgical education conference over 5 years. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all abstracts submitted between 2017 and 2021 to the annual meeting of the Association for Surgical Education (ASE). Abstract data included average rater scores, acceptance status, author lists, and institutional affiliations. We cross-referenced last author affiliation with top-40 National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded institutions and used a gender determination software to code first and last author genders. Results We analyzed 1,162 abstracts. Higher reviewer scores demonstrated positive, weak associations with more authors [r(1160) = 0.191, p < 0.001] and institutions [r(1160) = 0.182, p < 0.001]. Significantly higher scores were noted for abstracts with last authors affiliated with top-40 NIH-funded institutions [4.18 (SD 0.96) vs. 3.72 (SD 1.12), p < 0.001]. Women were first authors (51.8%) (n = 602) and last authors (35.4%) (n = 411) of the time. Abstracts were rated significantly higher with women rather than men as first authors [3.98 (SD 0.99) vs. 3.82 (SD 1.12), p = 0.011] or last [4.01 (SD 1.04) vs. 3.82 (SD 1.10), p = 0.005]. Across all years, abstracts were accepted more often as podium or plenary presentations when submitted by women first [n = 279, 59.7% (p = 0.002)] or last [n = 183, 38.4% (p = 0.095)] authors. Conclusion Abstracts whose last authors were affiliated with top-40 NIH-funded institutions received significantly higher scores, possibly indicating increased tangible or intangible resources contributing to research efforts. Abstracts with women first and last authors scored higher and were more frequently invited for plenary and podium presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph S. Puthumana
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Suite 8161, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Iman F. Khan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Suite 8161, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Rafael Felix P. Tiongco
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Suite 8161, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Siam K. Rezwan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Suite 8161, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Rena Atayeva
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Suite 8161, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA USA
| | - Jeffry T. Nahmias
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns, Critical Care and Acute Care Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA USA
| | - Sarah A. Jung
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI USA
| | - Carisa M. Cooney
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Suite 8161, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
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Kelso A. Towards gender equity in Australian health and medical research funding. Med J Aust 2023; 218:58-60. [PMID: 36371693 PMCID: PMC10100392 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.51767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kelso
- Chief Executive Officer, National Health and Medical Research Council, Canberra, ACT
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Istl AC, Verma S, Jawa NA, Mackin R, Seemann NM, Kirpalani A. Across the Twitter-verse: Is Twitter an equitable tool in academic medicine? A scoping review. ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION : THEORY AND PRACTICE 2023:10.1007/s10459-022-10201-y. [PMID: 36637702 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-022-10201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate what is known about the demographic characteristics of Twitter influencers in academic medicine. We conducted a literature search and scoping review exploring the demographic characteristics of Twitter influencers in academic medicine. Included studies evaluated Twitter influence by any metric and reported associated demographic characteristics. There were no date or language restrictions. Data points included metrics of influence, demographics, and study characteristics. From 1656 records, thirteen met inclusion criteria. Influence was variably defined based on followers, measures of centrality, measures of engagement, or through third-party software. Studies were conducted at single time points and relied heavily on facial recognition for classification of sex or gender, with no studies exploring race as a variable of interest. Twitter influencers in academic medicine were found to be disproportionately male: significantly fewer influencers were female at all levels of professional status. Two studies identified more female influencers among trainee populations. Female users were less likely to develop influence based on followers, retweets, likes, or other measures of engagement at academic meetings, despite equal or greater representation at these meetings. Results on associations between Twitter influence and number of publications or h-index varied considerably. No included studies explored race or ethnicity in relation to Twitter influence, which presents a significant gap in the literature. Our findings highlight the need for larger, user-engaged studies of inequities related to social media influence in academic medicine, especially as social media is increasingly incorporated into academic portfolios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra C Istl
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Subhrata Verma
- Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Natasha A Jawa
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Robin Mackin
- Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Natashia M Seemann
- Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Amrit Kirpalani
- Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada.
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Barani-Najafabadi B, Selewski DT, Soranno DE, Weidemann DK. Trends in the representation of women in the American Society of Pediatric Nephrology program at the Pediatric Academic Society annual meetings 2012-2021. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1185329. [PMID: 37181423 PMCID: PMC10172499 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1185329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Women are under-represented in virtually all fields of academic medicine. Even in pediatrics, a field that historically attracts a workforce with a majority of women physicians, substantial gender disparities persist in leadership positions. However, previous studies of gender representation in various academic settings are limited to small studies or aggregate pediatric subspecialties, thereby omitting important granularity within each subspecialty. No prior studies have investigated potential gender disparities in pediatric nephrology. The aim of this study is to determine the representation of women physicians in leadership and speaking roles in the annual American Society of Pediatric Nephrology (ASPN) meeting. Methods Data were analyzed from the 2012-2022 ASPN annual scientific meetings at the Pediatric Academic Society (PAS). Data were abstracted regarding gender and roles: speaker, chair/moderator, and lifetime achievement awardee. We performed a time series analysis using linear regression, with the year as the independent variable and the proportion of women as the dependent variable. Results Overall, there were statistically significant increases in the proportion of women speakers per year and percentage of women chairs or moderators. There were no specific trends noted for lifetime achievement awards and no statistically significant changes in the number of lifetime achievement awards. Discussion We found proportionate representations of gender representation with regards to speakers and chairs or moderators, although our data was limited by comparison to the American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) workforce cumulative "ever certified" data. The ABP data include a disproportionate representation of faculty who are men from earlier certification periods who may no longer be actively practicing pediatric nephrology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Barani-Najafabadi
- Children's Mercy Kansas City, Department of Graduate Medical Education, Kansas City, MO, United States
- Correspondence: Bahar Barani-Najafabadi
| | - David T. Selewski
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Danielle E. Soranno
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Darcy K. Weidemann
- Children's Mercy Kansas City, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Kansas City, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri—Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
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Ngai J, Capdeville M, Sumler M, Oakes D. A Call for Diversity: Women, Professional Development, and Work Experience in Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022; 37:870-880. [PMID: 36599777 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Ngai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY.
| | - Michelle Capdeville
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Michele Sumler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Daryl Oakes
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Gibson LM, Wood KL, Wardlaw JM. Towards equality: gender representation at the Royal College of Radiologists’ Annual Scientific Meeting 2014-2021. Wellcome Open Res 2022. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18439.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Conferences facilitate career advancement, but gender imbalances in public fora may negatively impact both women and men, and society. We aimed to describe the gender distribution of presenters at the UK’s 2014-2021 Royal College of Radiologists’ (RCR) Annual Scientific Meeting. Methods: We extracted data on presenter name, role and session type from meeting programmes. We classified gender as male or female using names, records or personal pronouns, accepting the limitations of these categories. We classified roles by prestige: lead, other (speakers and workshop faculty), proffered paper or poster presenters. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between gender and binary outcomes using logistic regression. Results: Women held 1,059 (37.5%) of 2,826 conference roles and presented 9/27 keynotes. Compared to men, women were less likely to hold other roles such as speakers and workshop faculty (OR 0.72 95% CI 0.61-0.83), and more likely to present posters (OR 1.49 95% CI 1.27-1.76). There were 60 male-only and eight women-only multi-presenter sessions. Sessions led by women had higher proportions of women speakers. The odds of roles being held by women increased during online meetings during COVID (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.36-1.91). Conclusion: The proportion of women presenters and keynote speakers reflects that of RCR membership, but not of the patient population. Disadvantage starts from the earliest career stages, prejudicing career opportunities. Efforts to improve inclusion and diversity are needed; focusing on lead roles and hybrid online/in-person formats may accelerate change.
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Gender representation within radiology conferences in the UK in 2021. Clin Radiol 2022; 77:870-875. [PMID: 36057464 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the gender representation and equality within academic meetings and society conferences within the UK radiology conferences. MATERIALS AND METHODS UK-based subspecialty radiology meetings organised by major radiological associations and societies (online and in-person) from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021 were included. Speakers and chairs were documented with reference to their gender, years on General Medical Council (GMC) register, academic publications, and h-index. Data were analysed using SPSS v27 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). RESULTS Of 298 sessional chairs, 105 were female (35.2%). Of 639 speakers, 212 (33.2%) were female. Three subspecialties (interventional radiology, uro-radiology, and nuclear medicine) had a higher proportion of female speakers than the percentage of female consultants with specialist interest. Of the 71 invited international speakers, 28.2% (20/71) were female. Online conferences had a significantly greater proportion of female speakers (43.2% versus 24.1%, p<0.001) and chairs (48.7% versus 20.4%, p<0.001) compared to in person. Male speakers had a higher median number of publications (31 versus 12, p<0.0001) and median h-index (11 versus 4, p<0.001). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that women are under-represented in radiology society meetings, particularly within certain subspecialty groups. Radiological societies should actively encourage a more balanced gender representation at conferences with online conference shown to improve female representation.
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D’Souza RS, Pilitsis JG, Langford BJ, Orhurhu V, Hussain N, Hoffmann CM, Anitescu M, Vanterpool S, Ali R, Patel K, Moeschler SM. Speaker Gender Representation at the North American Neuromodulation Society Annual Meeting (2017-2021): Have We Made Progress in Closing the Gender Gap? J Pain Res 2022; 15:3423-3432. [PMID: 36320224 PMCID: PMC9618239 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s380152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Speaker gender representation at medical conferences is a significant site of gender disparity. Our primary objective was to quantify the proportion of female speakers and compare plenary session opportunities by gender at the North American Neuromodulation Society (NANS) Annual Conference. Methods Data from the 2017-2021 NANS Annual Conference presentations were abstracted. Primary outcomes included gender composition of speaker slots, gender composition of individual speakers, and comparison of plenary speaker slots by gender. Secondary outcomes included comparisons of session size, age, professional degree, and number of presentations per speaker based on gender. Results Gender composition of annual speaker slots was (% slots presented by women): 2017:14.6%; 2018:20.5%; 2019:23.5%; 2020:21.0%; 2021:41.4%. Annual gender composition of individual speakers was (% women): 2017:18.7%; 2018:20.6%; 2019:24.6%; 2020:24.9%; 2021:33.8%. Of all speaker slots, the percentage of plenary slots did not differ based on gender, with 11.4% presented by female speakers versus 11.2% presented by male speakers (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.7-1.5, P=0.893). Compared to male speaker slots, there was an association of lower age (43.9±5.6 vs 50.8±8.9, P<0.001), lower odds of holding a single doctorate degree (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.5, P<0.001), and lower odds of holding a dual MD/PhD or DO/PhD degree (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.5, P<0.001) in female speaker slots. Compared to male speakers, there was an association of higher number of presentations per female speaker at the 2021 NANS Annual Meeting (2.48±1.60 vs 1.79±1.30, P=0.008). Conclusion Although the volume of female speaker slots and individual speakers trailed behind their male counterparts, female speaker representation steadily increased at each subsequent annual NANS meeting. We identified no difference in plenary session slots based on gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S D’Souza
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Rochester, MN, USA,Correspondence: Ryan S D’Souza, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA, Email
| | - Julie G Pilitsis
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Brendan J Langford
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vwaire Orhurhu
- Department of Pain Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nasir Hussain
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chelsey M Hoffmann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Magdalena Anitescu
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Rushna Ali
- Division of Neurosurgery, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kiran Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Susan M Moeschler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Rochester, MN, USA
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Storino A, Vigna C, Polanco-Santana JC, Park E, Crowell K, Fabrizio A, Cataldo TE, Messaris E. Disparities in industry funding among Colorectal Surgeons: a cross-sectional study. Surg Endosc 2022; 36:6592-6600. [PMID: 35103858 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health Industry and physician collaboration generates innovation. Colorectal Surgeon (CRS) selection to collaborate might not be random. We aim to identify CRS personal and professional characteristics that facilitate collaboration with the Industry. METHOD Cross-sectional study of Industry payments to CRS (2014-2018) using Open Payments Database from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Multivariable regression compared variables predicting payment amount including gender, years in practice, leadership positions, H-index, Twitter presence and geographic location. RESULTS Surgeons who were male received 3.1 times the amount in Industry payments as compared to females (p = 0.014). Chairs and Division Chiefs received 2.7 times the amount in payments as compared to those without these leadership positions (p = 0.003). Surgeons with an H-index ≥ 8 received 2.2 times the amount in payments as compared to those with H-index < 8 (p = 0.001). Surgeons in practice for 12-19 and 20-30 years received 3 times and 4.4 times the amount in payments as compared to surgeons in practice for 1-11 years (p = 0.036 and p = 0.017, respectively). Surgeons in the South received 3.2 times and 2 times the amount in payments as compared to surgeons in the Northeast (p < 0.0005) and in the Midwest (p = 0.006). Surgeons with Twitter accounts received 1.7 times the amount in payments as compared to surgeons without Twitter (p = 0.036). Among Twitter users, those with 321-17,200 followers received 4.7 times and 9.5 times the amount in payments as compared to those with 0-15 and 16-79 followers, respectively (p = 0.008 and p = 0.009). CONCLUSION Industry payments are more commonly addressed to male, senior surgeons in leadership tracks with strong social media outreach. With the increasing gender and racial variety in the CRS field, it is expected that collaborations between industry and surgeons will become more diverse and inclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Storino
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215-5400, USA
| | - Carolina Vigna
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215-5400, USA
| | - John C Polanco-Santana
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215-5400, USA
| | - Ernest Park
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215-5400, USA
| | - Kristen Crowell
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215-5400, USA
| | - Anne Fabrizio
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215-5400, USA
| | - Thomas E Cataldo
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215-5400, USA
| | - Evangelos Messaris
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215-5400, USA.
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Tsukahara Y, Novak M, Takei S, Asif IM, Yamasawa F, Torii S, Akama T, Matsumoto H, Day C. Gender bias in sports medicine: an international assessment of sports medicine physicians' perceptions of their interactions with athletes, coaches, athletic trainers and other physicians. Br J Sports Med 2022; 56:961-969. [PMID: 35738877 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-104695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the difference between female and male sports medicine physicians regarding disrespectful attitudes and sexual harassment perceived from athletes, coaches, physicians, athletic trainers (ATs) and organisations/administrations. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN anonymous survey was distributed to sports medicine physicians practicing in 51 countries. χ2 analysis was used to detect differences between female and male sports medicine physicians and logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent variables that affect disrespectful attitudes and sexual harassment from sports participants. RESULTS 1193 sports medicine physicians (31.9% female) participated from 51 countries. The survey revealed that female physicians, compared with male physicians, perceive significantly more disrespect or have their judgement questioned more by the following categories: male and female athletes, male and female coaches, female physicians with more years of experience, male physicians (regardless of years of experience), male and female ATs and organisation/administrations (all p<0.05). The only category where the frequency of disrespect was perceived equally by male and female physicians was during their interactions with female physicians who have the same or lesser years of experience. Female sports medicine physicians noted more sexual harassment than male physicians during interactions with male athletes, coaches, ATs and physicians (all p<0.001). In the logistic regression, gender was a related factor for perceiving disrespect, especially from male coaches (OR=2.01) and physicians with more years of experience (OR=2.18). CONCLUSIONS Female sports medicine physicians around the world experience disrespectful attitudes, questioning of their judgement and are sexually harassed significantly more often than male counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Tsukahara
- Waseda Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Melissa Novak
- Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Seira Takei
- Waseda Institute of Human Growth and Development, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Irfan M Asif
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Suguru Torii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takao Akama
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Carly Day
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Sports Medicine, Franciscan Physician Network, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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Gamage I, Bolland MJ, Sadler L, Dalbeth N, Grey A. Diversity of invited speakers at endocrinology conferences. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2022; 96:907-913. [PMID: 34913500 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess diversity of gender and geographical location of institutional affiliation among invited speakers at major international endocrinology conferences. DESIGN AND METHODS Descriptive study of characteristics of invited speakers at eight general and discipline-specific endocrinology conferences held annually in Europe and North America 2013-2019. Main outcomes were gender, geographical location of institutional affiliation and frequency of repeat presentations among invited speakers. RESULTS Of 2375 invited speakers who gave 3522 presentations, 843 (35.5%) were women. Five hundred and ninety-four (25.0%) speakers gave >1 presentation at any conference. The proportion of women speakers declined as the number of presentations per speaker increased. Of speakers giving two and seven presentations, respectively, 36.0% and 20.0% were women. 52.9% of speakers were from institutions in North America, and 25.6% from institutions in Western Europe. Fewer than 5% of speakers were from institutions in each of Eastern Europe, Asia, South America, Africa and Oceania. The proportions of speakers who were women and from each geographical area were unchanged over 7 years. Up to one in three speakers gave >1 presentation at an individual conference (range 9.9%-32.2%). CONCLUSIONS Women and speakers from institutions outside of North America and Western Europe are underrepresented among invited speakers at major international endocrinology conferences. Longitudinal data indicate no change in either speaker characteristic over the time period examined. These underrepresentations are more marked among speakers who give repeat presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isuru Gamage
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mark J Bolland
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lynn Sadler
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicola Dalbeth
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Grey
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Pinho-Gomes AC, Peters SA, Nambatingué N, Carcel C, Woodward M, Vassallo A. Did the 'Digital Experience' improve women's representation at the European Society of Cardiology congress? Heart 2022; 108:982-985. [PMID: 35217527 PMCID: PMC9132847 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2021-320716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Catarina Pinho-Gomes
- The George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- School of Life Course & Population Sciences Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sanne Ae Peters
- The George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cheryl Carcel
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amy Vassallo
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Shah A, Sadowski EA, Thomas K, Fowler KJ, Do RKG, D'Souza S, Ramchandani P, Jha P. Gender and racial diversity among plenary session speakers at the Society of Abdominal Radiology Annual Meetings: a five-year assessment. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2022; 47:2545-2551. [PMID: 35596777 PMCID: PMC9226100 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-022-03548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the gender and racial diversity of plenary session speakers in the annual meetings of Society of Abdominal Radiology (SAR) over 2016 to 2020. MATERIALS AND METHODS The brochures of the SAR annual meetings were reviewed for plenary session speakers and titles. Publicly available institutional profiles and social media were reviewed by the investigator in order to infer gender and race. Gender assessments were men, women, transgender men, transgender women or gender non-binary. Race was classified as White, Black or African American, American Indians and Alaskan Natives, Asian, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander and Multiracial. Statistical analysis was performed using chi square and T-tests. RESULTS Based on self-reported data, the SAR has 64% male and 36% female members. Over 2016-2020, plenary session speakers were more likely to be men [69.6% (183/263)] than women [30.4% (80/263)] (p-value = 0.0007). No speakers could be reliably identified as transgender, gender non-binary or gender expansive. In 2016, there were 24% women plenary speakers. This proportion was 28% in 2017, 33% in 2018 and 36% in 2019, and 30% in 2020. When assessing racial distribution, white speakers accounted for the majority of plenary speakers, ranging from 61 to 78%. Asians speakers accounted for 22 to 35%. There were no Black and African American, American Indian & Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian & Pacific Islander plenary speakers (0%). Multiracial speakers were represented from 2018 to 2020, accounting for 2-4% speakers (p-value < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Plenary speakers at SAR Annual Meetings from 2016-2020 were more likely to be men, but with the proportion of women presenters increasing over time. White speakers represented the majority of plenary session speakers, followed by Asians. No plenary session speakers were identified as Black or African American or Native Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Shah
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, Box 0628, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0628, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Sadowski
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kerry Thomas
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kathryn J Fowler
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Richard Kinh Gian Do
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Parvati Ramchandani
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Priyanka Jha
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, Box 0628, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0628, USA.
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Breu AC, Cooper AZ. Tweetorials: Digital scholarship deserving of inclusion in promotion portfolios. MEDICAL TEACHER 2022; 44:450-452. [PMID: 35099358 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2022.2029383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Since their first appearance in 2018, tweetorials have emerged as a popular tool for medical education. Despite some calls for their inclusion in educational and promotion portfolios, questions have been raised about the appropriateness of these forms of digital scholarship. Also unclear is how a promotion committee might identify educational tweetorials most deserving of inclusion. We argue that educational tweetorials do warrant consideration as digital scholarship and offer a means of evaluation that promotion committees might use when assessing an individual tweetorial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony C Breu
- Medical Service, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Avraham Z Cooper
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
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Female Surgeons for Obesity Treatment: a Snapshot Sampling in Academic Productivity : The Role of Women in Obesity Surgery. Obes Surg 2022; 32:1741-1747. [PMID: 35296967 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-05998-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The proportion of females choosing a career in surgery is lower than that of males. Through the Obesity Surgery and SOARD journals of 2018-2020, the number of articles with female first/senior authors was identified and their characteristics were assessed. Almost 40% of the published papers were written by females, being mostly original and from University Hospitals, although the difference in the numbers between journals was prominent (p = 0.011). Articles with a female as first author had a female or male as senior, at a ratio 1:2, while less than 10% of female senior authors had a male as first. The number of females as corresponding authors in SOARD was significantly higher (p < 0.001). The findings of the present study underline the existing gender inequity in bariatric surgery.
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Hassan N, van Mens LJ, Kiltz U, Andreoli L, Delgado-Beltran C, Ovseiko PV, Gossec L, Coates LC. Gender equity in academic rheumatology: is there a gender gap at European rheumatology conferences? RMD Open 2022; 8:e002131. [PMID: 35246471 PMCID: PMC8900061 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2021-002131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To obtain an overview of gender equity at European rheumatology conferences. METHODS The proportion of women invited as either moderators or speakers to the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) annual congresses and national conferences in Europe was calculated from the published congress materials from EULAR annual congresses (2015-2019) and the 2019 national conferences of France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK. Data from EULAR congresses were further categorised by type of session. Significance testing was conducted using χ2 tests with the level of statistical significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS The proportion of combined women moderators and speakers at EULAR varied from 40% to 43% between 2015 and 2019 with no obvious trend over time. There were higher proportions of women in the Health Professionals in Rheumatology and People with Arthritis and Rheumatism sessions (>50% consistently). However, these sessions represent <25% of EULAR congress invitations. Representation of women at the EULAR congress in 2019 (39.6%) was significantly higher than at the national congresses in France (28.6%) and Germany (29.6%) but similar to that observed in Italy (33.7%), Spain (41.7%) and the UK (42%). CONCLUSION Women account for less than half of invited moderators and speakers at the conferences reviewed. Compared with historical EULAR data in 2003 (16%) and in 2004 (19%), the gender gap at EULAR congresses has narrowed considerably, but there remains a need to monitor and improve women's representation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Hassan
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Rheumatology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Leonieke Jj van Mens
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Uta Kiltz
- Rheumatology, Rheumazentrum Ruhrgebiet, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Laura Andreoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Unit of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Pavel V Ovseiko
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Laure Gossec
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, INSERM, Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France
- APHP, Rheumatology Department, Hopital Universitaire Pitie Salpetriere, Paris, France
| | - Laura C Coates
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Wessel LE, Paulson AE, Graesser EA, Moore AM, Dy CJ. Moving the Needle: Directed Intervention by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand Is Effective in Encouraging Diversity in Expert Panel Composition. JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY GLOBAL ONLINE 2022; 4:65-70. [PMID: 35434572 PMCID: PMC9005378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsg.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recent efforts have been made by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand to encourage female inclusion in expert panels. We hypothesized that female representation on expert panels has increased over the past decade and that a directed intervention by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand would be associated with an increased percentage of submissions with female panelists. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of Instructional Course Lecture and Symposium submissions for the 2011 through 2021 American Society for Surgery of the Hand Annual Meetings. Authorship was reviewed, and the gender of the proposed authors was recorded. Additionally, the status of “all-male panel” was attributed to panels with no proposed female authors. Submissions were reviewed and compared with meeting programs to determine the status of accepted or rejected. Longitudinal analysis was performed to determine trends in the gender composition of expert panels. Results In total, 1,687 submissions were reviewed, including 1,323 Instructional Course Lectures and 364 Symposia. Female authorship constituted 18% of authorship (1,170/6,663), and lead authorship was similarly distributed, with 18% being female (296/1,687). Overall, female representation has increased steadily over the past decade, with females constituting 13% (43/332) and 20% (163/818) of the submitted authors in 2011 and 2020, respectively. Similarly, all-male panels declined from 74% (76/103) to 46% (85/185) of panels over the same timeframe. Most strikingly, a sharp increase in gender representation was observed with the directed intervention noted in the 2021 Call for Abstracts, resulting in an increase in female authorship to 26% (295/1,124) and a decline in all-male panels to 29% (70/241). Conclusions Gender representation among hand surgery expert panels moved toward increased equity over the past decade, which has been aided by directed interventions. Clinical relevance Career development and trainee decision making are impacted by gender representation; directed and intentional interventions by professional organizations are effective in encouraging greater equity and diversity within the field.
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Balan S. Gender disparity in Indian rheumatology. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/injr.injr_94_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Thabah M, Sathar S, Jha N. Comment to “Does gender gap exist in indian rheumatology? Analysis of faculty gender representation at its annual conferences” by Mohansundaram et al. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/injr.injr_138_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Raven LM, McCormack AI. Female Representation: Australian Diabetes and Endocrinology Societies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:842909. [PMID: 35360065 PMCID: PMC8960257 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.842909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrinology has one of the highest proportions of female specialists and trainees, however females have traditionally been underrepresented in leadership positions and as speakers at scientific meetings. HYPOTHESIS Females would represent less than half of invited speakers (plenary, symposium sessions) at endocrinology conferences and in leadership positions of endocrinology societies. METHOD An audit of Australian diabetes and endocrinology societies and their respective annual scientific meetings between 2016 - 2020. Analysis of the gender of conference speakers across oral, symposium and plenary sessions, session chairs, program organising committees and society committees. RESULTS A total of 1638 speakers (females 856, 52.3%) across 550.4 hours (females 273.6, 49.7%) of presentations at the conferences were identified. Among plenary sessions of all 3 societies there were more male (61%) than female speakers. A total of 608 session chairs were identified, with 313 (51.5%) females. The majority of organising committee members (n=116) were female (56%), however the representation across each organising committee varied. There was a low proportion of society female council members (39% female). CONCLUSION There was an equal representation of females and males as conference speakers and session chairs. However, there was an underrepresentation of women in more prestigious roles of plenary speakers and society council members. We implore conscious efforts to address this disparity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Raven
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Lisa M. Raven,
| | - Ann I. McCormack
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Analysis of challenges faced and the scientific content of a hybrid pediatric surgical conference arranged during the COVID-19 pandemic. ANNALS OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY 2021; 17:67. [PMID: 34899883 PMCID: PMC8493362 DOI: 10.1186/s43159-021-00135-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Scientific conferences which are considered as an important event for dissemination of research and related academic activities were badly affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Virtual format for interaction was used as an alternative method to continue such academic discourse. However, this did not provide the same level of communication and interest as that of in-person meetings. With evolving knowledge about the COVID-19 pandemic especially its transmission, role of vaccine, and observing standard operating procedures (SOPs), fear among healthcare providers is mitigated to some extent. Keeping in mind the importance of scientific conferences in the context of sharing knowledge and its impact on the training of faculty members and postgraduate residents, a hybrid conference was planned by the national association of pediatric surgeons.The purpose of this study was to retrospectively review the challenges faced during the organization of this conference as well as to analyze the pattern of registration, number of abstracts received, the gender of the participants and their status, region of the country they represented, type of presentation made, and scientific subject covered. SPSS version 22 was used for data entry. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present data. Chi square test was applied to find out the association between categorical variables and a p value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results A total of 170 pediatric surgeons and postgraduate residents participated from all over the country and abroad. Nearly half (47.1%) of the registrants were postgraduate residents. Most of the participants (90%) opted for in-person attendance. The venue was selected with a capacity to house more than double the number of registrants with provision of safe distance. Availability of face masks, gloves, and sanitizers was ensured by the organizers. Packed meal boxes were arranged and served at the venue site in an open place on the terrace. A total of 97 abstracts were accepted for presentation that included 57 (58.8%) long oral podium and 40 (41.2%) poster presentations. Most of the studies (n=48-49.4%) were related to the subject of gastroenterology including pancreatico-hepatobiliary system and spleen. Majority of the presenters were male (p = 0.046) and postgraduate residents (p = 0.001). Conclusion It was possible to organize a hybrid annual medical conference where most of the participants preferred physical presence. A rich scientific program was made to cater the needs for pediatric surgical fraternity. Residents made attractive presentations. It was noted that physical presence during clinical conference produced effective communication and learning.
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