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Zapata-López JS, Tonguino-Rosero S, Méndez F. Sedentary Behavior and School Bullying in Adolescents: An Analysis Based on a National Survey in Colombia. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2024; 94:727-735. [PMID: 37788683 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentarism has been associated with poorer mental health, greater likelihood of bullying and suicide risk; however, studies with national coverage are needed to characterize contexts and allow comparisons between nations. The aim of this study was to examine the association between sedentary lifestyles with bullying in the social context of Colombian adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional study with 78,772 adolescents aged 13-17 years participating in the 2017 National School Health Survey. Sedentary behavior was defined as sitting for 3+ hours/day of leisure time, while bullying was identified by self-report of being victimized 1+ times/month. Relative frequencies were estimated and, using a log-binomial regression model, prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated. RESULTS A total of 15.31% of students reported being victims of bullying. A higher probability to be bullied was estimated in sedentary adolescents (PR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.09-1.29), as well as in females, ethnic minorities, those who went hungry in the last month due to lack of food, students with health problems, and private schools. CONCLUSIONS Bullying was related with sedentary leisure time, gender, ethnicity, type of educational institution, and presence of health problems. Being a multicausal phenomenon, bullying demands policies and programs with a greater focus on the most vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhoan Sebastián Zapata-López
- Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation, National Sports School, Cali, Colombia; School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Stefanie Tonguino-Rosero
- Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation National Sports School, Cali, Colombia; Faculty of Health, School of Human Rehabilitation, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Fabián Méndez
- School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
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Chanda P, Chirwa M, Mwale AT, Nakazwe KC, Kabembo IM, Nkole B. Perceived Social Support and Health Care Spending as Moderators in the Association of Traditional Bullying Perpetration with Traditional Bullying and Cyberbullying Victimisation among Adolescents in 27 European Countries: A Multilevel Cross-National Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:863. [PMID: 39063440 PMCID: PMC11276897 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Existing research has documented the association between bullying perpetration and bullying victimisation. However, it is still unclear how different sources of social support moderate the association between bullying perpetration and bullying victimisation at a cross-national level. Using multilevel binary logistic regression models, this study examined the moderating role of public health care spending and perceived social support (i.e., family and teacher support) in the association between traditional bullying perpetration and victimisation by traditional bullying and cyberbullying among adolescents across 27 European countries. Country-level data were combined with 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey data from 162,792 adolescents (11-, 13-, and 15-year-olds) in 27 European countries. Results showed that adolescents who perpetrated traditional bullying had a higher likelihood of being victimised by traditional bullying and cyberbullying than adolescents who did not bully others. Results also indicated that the magnitude of the positive association between traditional bullying perpetration and victimisation by traditional bullying and cyberbullying was mitigated among adolescents with more family, teacher, and public health care support. These findings support the notion that multilayered systems of social support could play a vital role in bullying prevention and intervention strategies to address bullying among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Chanda
- Department of Social Work and Sociology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zambia, Great East Road Campus, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia; (P.C.); (A.T.M.); (I.M.K.)
- School of Graduate Studies, Lingnan University, 8 Castle Peak Road, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Masauso Chirwa
- Department of Social Work and Sociology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zambia, Great East Road Campus, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia; (P.C.); (A.T.M.); (I.M.K.)
- Department of Social Policy and Social Security Studies, Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Grantham Allee 20, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Ackson Tyson Mwale
- Department of Social Work and Sociology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zambia, Great East Road Campus, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia; (P.C.); (A.T.M.); (I.M.K.)
| | - Kalunga Cindy Nakazwe
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zambia, Great East Road Campus, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia;
| | - Ireen Manase Kabembo
- Department of Social Work and Sociology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zambia, Great East Road Campus, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia; (P.C.); (A.T.M.); (I.M.K.)
- Department of Sociology and Social Policy, Lingnan University, 8 Castle Peak Road, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bruce Nkole
- Ministry of Education, Kasama P.O. Box 410175, Zambia;
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Andrews NCZ, Cillessen AHN, Craig W, Dane AV, Volk AA. Bullying and the Abuse of Power. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BULLYING PREVENTION : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL BULLYING PREVENTION ASSOCIATION 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37361638 PMCID: PMC10112998 DOI: 10.1007/s42380-023-00170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Dan Olweus pioneered research on school bullying and identified the importance of, and risk factors associated with, bullying and victimization. In this paper, we conduct a narrative review of the critical notion of power within bullying. Specifically, we discuss Olweus's definition of bullying and the role of a power imbalance in distinguishing bullying behavior from other forms of aggression. Next, we discuss the changing nature of research on aggression (and the adaptiveness of aggression) throughout the years, the important role of power in these changes, and how the concept of power in relationships has helped elucidate the developmental origins of bullying. We discuss bullying interventions and the potential opportunities for interventions to reduce bullying by making conditions for bullying less favorable and beneficial. Finally, we discuss bullying and the abuse of power that extends beyond the school context and emerges within families, workplaces, and governments. By recognizing and defining school bullying as an abuse of power and a violation of human rights, Olweus has laid the foundation and created the impetus for researching and addressing bullying. This review highlights the importance of examining abuses of power not only in school relationships, but across human relationships and society in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi C. Z. Andrews
- Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1 Canada
| | - Antonius H. N. Cillessen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Radboud University, Houtlaan 4, Nijmegen, 6525 XZ The Netherlands
| | - Wendy Craig
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Humphrey Hall, 62 Arch Street, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Andrew V. Dane
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1 Canada
| | - Anthony A. Volk
- Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1 Canada
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Piera Pi‐Sunyer B, Andrews JL, Orben A, Speyer LG, Blakemore S. The relationship between perceived income inequality, adverse mental health and interpersonal difficulties in UK adolescents. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 64:417-425. [PMID: 36377042 PMCID: PMC10100326 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a period of life when young people increasingly define themselves through peer comparison and are vulnerable to developing mental health problems. In the current study, we investigated whether the subjective experience of economic disadvantage among friends is associated with social difficulties and poorer mental health in early adolescence. METHODS We used latent change score modelling (LCSM) on data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study, collected at ages 11 and 14 (N = 12,995). Each LCSM modelled the mean of an outcome related to mental health and interpersonal difficulties at age 11 (including self-esteem, well-being, emotional difficulties, peer problems, bullying, victimisation and externalising difficulties), the change of the outcome from ages 11 to 14 and its predictors, including perceived income inequality among friends (i.e. perceiving oneself as belonging to a poorer family than the families of one's friends). RESULTS Perceived income inequality predicted adverse mental health and a range of interpersonal difficulties during adolescence, even when controlling for objective family income. Follow-up analyses highlighted that, at 11 years, young people who perceived themselves as belonging to poorer families than their friends reported worse well-being, self-esteem, internalising problems, externalising problems and victimisation at the same age (relative to those who perceived themselves as richer than or equal to their friends, or who did not know). Longitudinal analyses suggested that victimisation decreased from ages 11 to 14 to a greater extent for adolescents who perceived themselves as poorer than other adolescents. CONCLUSIONS The salience of economic inequalities in proximal social environments (e.g. among friends) in early adolescence could further amplify the negative effects of economic disadvantage on mental health and behavioural difficulties during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Piera Pi‐Sunyer
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Institute of Cognitive NeuroscienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Jack L. Andrews
- Institute of Cognitive NeuroscienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- School of PsychologyUNSWSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Amy Orben
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | - Sarah‐Jayne Blakemore
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Institute of Cognitive NeuroscienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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Guo Y, Xia LX. Relational model of relative deprivation, revenge, and cyberbullying: A three-time longitudinal study. Aggress Behav 2023. [PMID: 36842166 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Cyberbullying is a new form of aggression and can have serious consequences. Although the influencing factors of cyberbullying have been explored in the literature, less is known of the longitudinal effects of relative deprivation on cyberbullying and the mediating mechanisms underlying the effect. In this study, we explored these problems. A total of 1143 undergraduates (62.9% women, mean age = 19.46, standard deviation [SD] = 0.95) participated in three rounds of a longitudinal survey with an interval of 6 months and completed a series of self-reported questionnaires assessing relative deprivation, revenge, and cyberbullying. The results of random intercept cross-lagged panel model showed that at between-person level, the random intercepts of relative deprivation, revenge, and cyberbullying were positively associated with each other. At within-person level, relative deprivation and revenge could predict each other over time, and revenge longitudinally predicted cyberbullying. Moreover, revenge mediated the longitudinal effect of relative deprivation on cyberbullying. The results support and develop the view of the general aggression model and deepen our understanding of the development mechanism of cyberbullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfen Guo
- Research Center of Psychology and Social Development, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling-Xiang Xia
- Research Center of Psychology and Social Development, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Biswas T, Thomas HJ, Scott JG, Munir K, Baxter J, Huda MM, Renzaho AM, Cross D, Ahmed HU, Mahumud RA, Mamun AA. Variation in the prevalence of different forms of bullying victimisation among adolescents and their associations with family, peer and school connectedness: a population-based study in 40 lower and middle income to high-income countries (LMIC-HICs). JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2022; 15:1029-1039. [PMID: 36439674 PMCID: PMC9684371 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-022-00451-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of different forms of bullying victimization experiences and their association with family functioning, peer relationships and school connectedness among adolescents across 40 lower and middle income to high-income countries (LMIC-HICs). Data were drawn from the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) school-based survey of adolescents aged 11-15 years, between 2013 and 2014. We estimated the weighted prevalence by categorising experiences into traditional bullying victimization only, cyberbullying victimization only, and combined traditional and cyberbullying victimization, at country and country income classification. We used multinominal logistic regression models to estimate the adjusted association with the form of bullying victimization by demographic characteristics, family functioning, peer relationships and school connectedness. Overall, 8.0% reported traditional bullying victimization only (8.8% males, 7.4% females), 2.3% of adolescents reported cyberbullying victimization only (2.1% males, 2.2% females), and 1.7% reported combined traditional and cyber bullying victimization (1.7% males, 1.8% females). All three forms of bullying victimization during adolescence were significantly associated with poor family functioning, poor peer relations and poor school connectedness. A consistent finding is that traditional bullying victimization is considerably more common among adolescents across both LMICs and HICs than cyberbullying victimization. This study also demonstrated that a significant proportion of adolescent's experience victimization in both forms. Positive family functioning, strong peer relationships and greater school connectedness are associated with a lower risk of both forms of bullying victimization. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40653-022-00451-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Biswas
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, 80 Meiers Road, 4068 Indooroopilly, Queensland Australia
| | - Hannah J. Thomas
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - James G. Scott
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD Australia
- Metro North Mental Health, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, QLD Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Kerim Munir
- Developmental Medicine Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Janeen Baxter
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M. Mamun Huda
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Andre M.N. Renzaho
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, 2751 Penrith, NSW Australia
| | - Donna Cross
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Australia
| | - Helal Uddin Ahmed
- Child Adolescent and Family Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rashidul Alam Mahumud
- School of Social Sciences, Western Sydney University, 2751 Penrith, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, 2751 Penrith, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, 4350 Toowoomba, QLD Australia
| | - Abdullah A Mamun
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Yang Y, Zhao S, Zhang M, Xiang M, Zhao J, Chen S, Wang H, Han L, Ran J. Prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders among US children and adolescents in 2019 and 2020. Front Psychol 2022; 13:997648. [PMID: 36507037 PMCID: PMC9730394 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.997648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Concerning the changes in the prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), we estimate the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disorder (ID), and learning disability (LD) among US children and adolescents aged 3-17 years in 2019 and 2020. Methods The study includes 14,983 US children and adolescents aged 3-17 years in 2019 and 2020 from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Parents were interviewed about whether their children ever and/or currently had NDDs diagnosed. Prevalence estimates of NDDs were calculated with a survey-based weighting scheme. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations between NDDs prevalence and subgroups. Results The weighted prevalence of ADHD, ASD, ID, and LD was 8.5% (95% CI: 7.9-9.2%), 2.9% (95% CI: 2.6-3.4%), 1.4% (95% CI: 1.2-1.7%), and 6.4% (95% CI: 5.8-7.0%), respectively. A higher prevalence of ADHD, ASD, ID, and LD was observed in boys, those who ever had anxiety or depression symptoms, those with lower family income, those living in a rented house, ever been bullied, and ever lived with anyone mentally ill. Conclusion The study found the prevalence of ADHD, ASD, ID, and LD was different by demographics, comorbidity/mental problems, household/parental characteristics, and stressful life events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Yang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Zhao
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Meihui Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mi Xiang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shucheng Chen
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hui Wang
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lefei Han
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Lefei Han,
| | - Jinjun Ran
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,Jinjun Ran,
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McAleese O, Day MV. Some psychological determinants of broad union attitudes. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.5964/jspp.9659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many societies are grappling with how to reduce high levels of economic inequality. Although often overlooked, labor unions can have significant flattening effects on inequality. However, unions are not highly supported by the general public. To provide some psychological explanation as to why this may be the case, we examined five potential predictors of general union attitudes (i.e., political orientation, prejudice toward union members, meritocratic beliefs, union knowledge and social mobility beliefs). We tested each variable at least twice across three studies (two in the U.S., one in Canada, total N = 1756). Results indicated that stronger political conservative orientation, prejudice feelings towards union members and less accurate knowledge of union activities uniquely explained lower pro-union attitudes across studies. Meritocratic and social mobility beliefs did not meaningfully explain union attitudes. Although mostly correlational, this research provides insight into potential reasons why everyday citizens may support or condemn unions in an increasingly unequal world. Implications for altering union attitudes and support for related policies are discussed.
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Zhang L, Simmel C, Nepomnyaschy L. Income inequality and child maltreatment rates in US counties, 2009-2018. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 130:105328. [PMID: 34538657 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Studies have confirmed that income inequality is associated with compromised health and well-being. However, much less is known about the effects of county-level income inequality on risk of perpetrating child maltreatment, particularly for distinct types of child maltreatment. By utilizing recent national data over 10 years (2009-2018), our study explored the associations of county-level income inequality (i.e., Gini index and income quantile ratios) with child maltreatment rates, including both overall and specific types of maltreatment rates (i.e., physical, psychological, and sexual abuse and neglect) in the US. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING We utilized data from approximately 902 US counties by linking the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System with the American Community Survey. METHODS Ordinary Least Squares regression models were estimated to examine the relationship between county-level income inequality and child maltreatment rates and the moderating role of poverty rates. RESULTS Higher scores on county-level Gini index were significantly associated with higher overall child maltreatment rates and neglect, after controlling for county-level characteristics. Income quantile ratios were significantly associated with overall child maltreatment, physical abuse, and neglect. We also found significant interaction effects between income inequality and poverty rates in the associations with physical and psychological abuse rates, suggesting that the effects of inequality were exacerbated by county-level poverty. CONCLUSIONS Given the tremendous increases in inequality in the US over recent decades, this research sheds light on the mechanisms through which inequality impacts parents' caregiving abilities in highly unequal counties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Zhang
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, School of Social Work, 390 George Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States of America.
| | - Cassandra Simmel
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, School of Social Work, 390 George Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States of America.
| | - Lenna Nepomnyaschy
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, School of Social Work, 390 George Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States of America.
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Farmer G, MacDonald SW, Yamamoto SS, Wilkes C, Pabayo R. Neighbourhood Income Inequality and General Psychopathology at 3-Years of Age. JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY = JOURNAL DE L'ACADEMIE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE DE L'ENFANT ET DE L'ADOLESCENT 2022; 31:135-143. [PMID: 35919903 PMCID: PMC9275367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Several studies have linked neighbourhood environment to preschool-aged children's behavioural problems. Income inequality is an identified risk factor for mental health among adolescents, however, little is known as to whether this relationship extends to younger children. Objective To explore the association between neighbourhood-level income inequality and general psychopathology problems among preschool-aged children. Methods We analyzed data from the All Our Families (AOF) longitudinal cohort located in Calgary, Canada at 3-years postpartum. The analytical sample consisted of 1615 mother-preschooler dyads nested within 184 neighbourhoods. Mothers completed the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth Child Behaviour Checklist (NLSCY-CBCL), which assessed internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Income inequality was assessed via the Gini coefficient, which quantifies the unequal distribution of income in society. Mixed effects linear regression assessed the relationship between neighbourhood income inequality and preschooler's general psychopathology. Results The mean Gini coefficient across the 184 neighbourhoods was 0.33 (SD = 0.05; min, max: 0.20-0.56). In the fully adjusted model income inequality was not associated with general psychopathology in children β = 0.07 (95%CI: -0.29, 0.45). Neighbourhood environment accounted for 0.5% of the variance in psychopathology in children. Conclusion The lack of significant findings may be due to a lack of statistical power in the study. Future studies should investigate this relationship with appropriately powered studies, and over time, to assess if income inequality is a determinant of preschooler psychopathology in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Farmer
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
| | - Sheila W MacDonald
- Department of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | | | - Chris Wilkes
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Roman Pabayo
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
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Hong JS, Yan Y, Espelage DL, Tabb KM, Caravita SCS, Voisin DR. Peer Victimization and Adverse Psychosocial Wellbeing of Black/White Biracial Adolescents: Is Ease of Talking With Family a Protective Buffer? SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/2372966x.2022.2034474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Pabayo R, Benny C, Veugelers PJ, Senthilselvan PhD A, Leatherdale ST. Income Inequality and Bullying Victimization and Perpetration: Evidence From Adolescents in the COMPASS Study. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2022; 49:313-322. [PMID: 35086352 PMCID: PMC9014770 DOI: 10.1177/10901981211071031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous research indicates that the disproportionate distribution of income
within society is associated with aggression and violence. Although research has
been conducted identifying the relationship between income inequality and
bullying victimization and perpetration, little is known about possible
mediators. We investigated the association between income inequality and
bullying perpetration and victimization among adolescents participating in the
Cannabis, Obesity, Mental health, Physical activity, Alcohol use, Smoking, and
Sedentary behavior (COMPASS) study. We identified whether school connectedness
and psychosocial well-being mediated the relationship between income inequality
and bullying behavior. This study used pooled cross-sectional data from 147,748
adolescents aged 13 to 18 from three waves (2015–2016, 2016–2017, 2017–2018) of
the COMPASS study from 157 secondary schools in British Columbia, Alberta,
Ontario, and Quebec (Canada). The Gini coefficient was calculated based on the
school Census Divisions (CD) using the Canada 2016 Census and linked with
student data. We used multilevel modeling to investigate the relationship
between income inequality and self-reported bullying victimization and
perpetration, while controlling for individual-, school-, and CD-level
characteristics. A standard deviation increase in Gini coefficient was
associated with increased odds for bullying victimization and perpetration.
Findings were observed among girls; however, inequality was only associated with
perpetration among boys. We identified social cohesion and psychosocial
well-being as potential mediators. To counter the adverse effects of income
inequality, school-based interventions designed to increase school connectedness
and student psychosocial well-being should be implemented to protect against
bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Pabayo
- University of Alberta, School of Public Health, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Claire Benny
- University of Alberta, School of Public Health, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul J Veugelers
- University of Alberta, School of Public Health, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Scott T Leatherdale
- University of Waterloo, School of Public Health Sciences, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Hosozawa M, Bann D, Fink E, Elsden E, Baba S, Iso H, Patalay P. Bullying victimisation in adolescence: prevalence and inequalities by gender, socioeconomic status and academic performance across 71 countries. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 41:101142. [PMID: 34693231 PMCID: PMC8517283 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bullying victimisation is of global importance due to its long-term negative consequences. We examined the prevalence of victimisation and its inequalities in 15-year-olds across 71 countries. METHODS Data were from the Programme for International Student Assessment (March-August 2018). Students reported frequencies of relational, physical, and verbal victimisation during the last 12 months, which were analysed separately and combined into a total score. Prevalence of frequent victimisation (> a few times a month) was estimated, followed by mean differences in total score by gender, wealth and academic performance quintiles in each country. Meta-analyses were used to examine country differences. FINDINGS Of 421,437 students included, 113,602 (30·4%) experienced frequent victimisation, yet this varied by country-from 9·3% (Korea) to 64·8% (Philippines). Verbal and relational victimisation were more frequent (21·4%, 20.9%, respectively) than physical victimisation (15·2%). On average, boys (vs girls +0·23SD, 95%CI: 0·22-0·24), students from the lowest wealth (vs highest +0·09SD, 0·08-0·10) and with lowest academic performance (vs highest +0·49SD, 0·48-0·50) had higher scores. However, there was substantial between-country heterogeneity in these associations (I2=85%-98%). Similar results were observed for subtypes of victimisation-except relational victimisation, where gender inequalities were smaller. INTERPRETATION Globally, bullying victimisation was high, although the size, predominant subtype and strength of associations with risk factors varied by country. The large cross-country differences observed require further replication and empirical explanation, and suggest the need to and the large scope for reducing bullying victimisation and its inequity in the future. FUNDING Japan Foundation for Pediatric Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Hosozawa
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan
- Deparetment of Pediatrics, Juntendo University, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and Public health, UCL, UK
- Corresponding author: Mariko Hosozawa, MD, PhD, Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan Tel: +81-03-6228-0562.
| | - David Bann
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Institute of Social Research, UCL, UK
| | - Elian Fink
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, UK
| | - Esme Elsden
- Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, UK
| | - Sachiko Baba
- Bioethics and Public Policy, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Praveetha Patalay
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Institute of Social Research, UCL, UK
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, UCL, UK
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King RB. Sociocultural and ecological perspectives on achievement motivation. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ajsp.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronnel B. King
- Centre for the Enhancement of Teaching and Learning Faculty of Education The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
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Principles for studying contextual variations in peer experiences: Rules for peer radicals. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2021.101295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pitsia V, Mazzone A. The association of individual and contextual variables with bullying victimisation: a cross-national comparison between Ireland and Lithuania. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY OF EDUCATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10212-020-00514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Jarrett O, Puusepp-Benazzouz H, Poulton A. Early-Life Exposure to Income Inequality and Adolescent Bullying. JAMA Pediatr 2019; 173:1212. [PMID: 31609435 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Jarrett
- Paediatric Department, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Alison Poulton
- Sydney Medical School Nepean, The University of Sydney, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
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Elgar FJ, Gariepy G, Dirks M. Early-Life Exposure to Income Inequality and Adolescent Bullying-Reply. JAMA Pediatr 2019; 173:1212-1213. [PMID: 31609442 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank J Elgar
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Genevieve Gariepy
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Melanie Dirks
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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