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Ouchi Y, Komaki Y, Shimizu K, Fukano N, Sugino T, Shiraishi JI, Chowdhury VS, Bungo T. Comparison of oral administration of fructose and glucose on food intake and physiological parameters in broiler chicks. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102249. [PMID: 36335736 PMCID: PMC9640322 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Like glucose, fructose is a monosaccharide, but the mechanisms of its absorption and metabolism in the body are very different between the 2 molecules. In this study, we investigated the effects of oral administration of glucose and fructose on food intake, diencephalic gene expression, and plasma metabolite concentrations in broiler chicks. The animals used in this study were 4-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308). They were given glucose, fructose (200 mg/ 0.5 mL/ bird), or a similar volume of distilled water orally after 6 h fasting. After treatment, measurements of food intake (at 0, 30, and 60 min), and blood glucose as well as insulin concentrations were measured over time; however, diencephalic (hypothalamus) gene expression and plasma metabolites were measured at 30 min. The results showed that glucose administration suppressed food intake, but fructose administration did not suppress food intake and it was at the same level as distilled water administration. In addition, fructose administration did not increase plasma glucose and insulin levels as did glucose administration. In the diencephalon, expression levels of genes related to the melanocortin system were unaffected by the treatment, while gene expression levels related to intracellular energy regulation, such as AMP-activated protein kinase were affected by the glucose treatment in the fasted chicks. These results suggest that fructose administration does not suppress feeding behavior as a result of possible reduction in the energy levels in the diencephalon and associated energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimitsu Ouchi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari 794-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Komaki
- Graduate School of Bioresource Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Kensuke Shimizu
- Graduate School of Bioresource Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Natsuki Fukano
- Graduate School of Bioresource Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Sugino
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Shiraishi
- Department of Animal Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino 180-8602, Japan
| | - Vishwajit S. Chowdhury
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takashi Bungo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari 794-8555, Japan,Corresponding author:
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Nayebzadeh N, Vazir B, Zendehdel M, Asghari A. Central Opioidergic and Adrenergic systems Mediates Food Intake via α1, α2 and β2 Receptors in Neonatal Layer-Type Chicken. Int J Pept Res Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-019-09810-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Feeding behavior and energy metabolism are precisely regulated by humoral and/or neural factors in the central nervous system. In particular, nuclei, such as the arcuate nucleus, ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, and lateral hypothalamic area located near the third ventricle of the hypothalamus are the centers of feeding and energy metabolism in various vertebrate species, including chickens. In this study, we evaluated the effects of cannulation of the third ventricle on chick growth and feeding behavior in the neonatal stage, to develop a method for local and chronic central nervous system-mediated energy metabolism. Referring to the chick brain atlas, a guide cannula was inserted into the third ventricle of the chick under anesthesia immediately after hatching using a stereotaxic instrument. The chicks that recovered from anesthesia were bred for 11 days under normal feeding management conditions, and then feed intake amount, body weight gain, and metabolic tissue weight were measured. The effects of direct stimulation of the third ventricle with 2-deoxy-D-glucose on the expression level of the immediate-early gene, cFOS, and feed intake in 5-day-old chicks were also evaluated. There were no differences in feed intake, body weight gain, and metabolic tissue weight between 11-day-old cannulated and control chicks. The expression of cFOS mRNA in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus was higher than that in the amygdala after the third ventricular administration of 2-deoxy-D-glucose. Additionally, direct third ventricular injection of 2-deoxy-D-glucose attenuated the feeding behavior of chicks for a while. Overall, we speculate that the technique is effective for local and/or chronic stimulation of the nucleus near the third ventricle of the chick hypothalamus, which is important for feed and energy metabolism regulation.
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Li Z, Liu X, Zhang P, Han R, Sun G, Jiang R, Wang Y, Liu X, Li W, Kang X, Tian Y. Comparative transcriptome analysis of hypothalamus-regulated feed intake induced by exogenous visfatin in chicks. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:249. [PMID: 29642854 PMCID: PMC5896085 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4644-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The intracerebroventricular injection of visfatin increases feed intake. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism in chicks. This study was conducted to assess the effect of visfatin on the feeding behavior of chicks and the associated molecular mechanism. Results In response to the intraventricular injection of 40 ng and 400 ng visfatin, feed intake in chicks was significantly increased, and the concentrations of glucose, insulin, TG, HDL and LDL were significantly altered. Using RNA-seq, we identified DEGs in the chick hypothalamus at 60 min after injection with various doses of visfatin. In total, 325, 85 and 519 DEGs were identified in the treated chick hypothalamus in the LT vs C, HT vs C and LT vs HT comparisons, respectively. The changes in the expression profiles of DEGs, GO functional categories, KEGG pathways, and PPI networks by visfatin-mediated regulation of feed intake were analyzed. The DEGs were grouped into 8 clusters based on their expression patterns via K-mean clustering; there were 14 appetite-related DEGs enriched in the hormone activity GO term. The neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway was the key pathway affected by visfatin. The PPI analysis of DEGs showed that POMC was a hub gene that interacted with the maximum number of nodes and ingestion-related pathways, including POMC, CRH, AgRP, NPY, TRH, VIP, NPYL, CGA and TSHB. Conclusion These common DEGs were enriched in the hormone activity GO term and the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway. Therefore, visfatin causes hyperphagia via the POMC/CRH and NPY/AgRP signaling pathways. These results provide valuable information about the molecular mechanisms of the regulation of food intake by visfatin. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4644-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuanjian Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xuelian Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ruili Han
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Guirong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ruirui Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yanbin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wenya Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Mirnaghizadeh SV, Zendehdel M, Babapour V. Involvement of histaminergic and noradrenergic receptors in the oxytocin-induced food intake in neonatal meat-type chicks. Vet Res Commun 2016; 41:57-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-016-9672-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Interaction Between Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ and Adrenergic System on Food Intake in Neonatal Chicken. Int J Pept Res Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-016-9548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Singh O, Kumar S, Singh U, Kumar V, Lechan RM, Singru PS. Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CART) in the brain of zebra finch,Taeniopygia guttata: Organization, interaction with neuropeptide Y, and response to changes in energy status. J Comp Neurol 2016; 524:3014-41. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Omprakash Singh
- School of Biological Sciences; National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)-Bhubaneswar; Odisha India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences; National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)-Bhubaneswar; Odisha India
| | - Uday Singh
- School of Biological Sciences; National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)-Bhubaneswar; Odisha India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- DST-IRHPA Centre for Excellence in Biological Rhythms Research and Indo-US Centre for Biological Timing, Department of Zoology; University of Delhi; Delhi India
| | - Ronald M. Lechan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Tupper Research Institute; Tufts Medical Center; Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Neuroscience; Tufts University School of Medicine; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Praful S. Singru
- School of Biological Sciences; National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)-Bhubaneswar; Odisha India
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Khan MSI, Shigeoka C, Takahara Y, Matsuda S, Tachibana T. Ontogeny of the corticotrophin-releasing hormone system in slow- and fast-growing chicks (Gallus gallus). Physiol Behav 2015; 151:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Wang T, Zhou C, Yuan D, Lin F, Chen H, Wu H, Wei R, Xin Z, Liu J, Gao Y, Li Z. Schizothorax prenanti corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH): molecular cloning, tissue expression, and the function of feeding regulation. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2014; 40:1407-1415. [PMID: 24696302 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-014-9935-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a potent mediator of endocrine, autonomic, behavioral, and immune responses to stress. For a better understanding of the structure and function of the CRH gene and to study its effect on feeding regulation in cyprinid fish, the cDNA of the CRH gene from the brain of Schizothorax prenanti was cloned and sequenced. The full-length CRH cDNA consisted of 1,046 bp with an open reading frame of 489 bp encoding a protein of 162 amino acids. Real-time quantitative PCR analyses revealed that CRH was widely expressed in central and peripheral tissues. In particular, high expression level of CRH was detected in brain. Furthermore, CRH mRNA expression was examined in different brain regions, especially high in hypothalamus. In addition, there was no significant change in CRH mRNA expression in fed group compared with the fasted group in the S. prenanti hypothalamus during short-term fasting. However, CRH gene expression presented significant decrease in the hypothalamus in fasted group compared with the fed group (P < 0.05) on day 7; thereafter, re-feeding could lead to a significant increase in CRH mRNA expression in fasted group on day 9. The results suggest that the CRH may play a critical role in feeding regulation in S. prenanti.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 46# Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, China
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Soengas JL. Contribution of glucose- and fatty acid sensing systems to the regulation of food intake in fish. A review. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 205:36-48. [PMID: 24530522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Food intake in fish is a complex process regulated through many different factors including abundance of energy and nutrients. In recent years, evidence have been obtained in several fishes, mainly in rainbow trout, regarding the presence and functioning in brain areas of metabolic sensors informing about changes in the levels of nutrients like glucose and fatty acids. The activity of these sensors relate to the control of food intake through changes in the expression of anorexigenic and orexigenic neuropeptides. The present review will provide a picture of the main results obtained to date in these studies, as well as perspectives for future research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Soengas
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Spain.
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Zendehdel M, Hassanpour S. Ghrelin-induced hypophagia is mediated by the β2 adrenergic receptor in chicken. J Physiol Sci 2014; 64:383-91. [PMID: 25080314 PMCID: PMC10717348 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-014-0330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of intracerebroventricular injection of metoprolol (a β1 adrenergic receptor antagonist), ICI 118,551 (a β2 adrenergic receptor antagonist), and SR 59230R (a β3 adrenergic receptor antagonist) on ghrelin-induced food and water intake by 3-h food-deprived (FD3) cockerels. The chickens were randomly allocated to 4 treatment groups with 8 replicates in each group. A cannula was surgically implanted into the lateral ventricle of the brain. In experiment 1, chickens received the β1 adrenergic receptor antagonist (24 nmol) before injection of the ghrelin (0.6 nmol). In experiment 2, chickens received the β2 adrenergic receptor antagonist (5 nmol) before injection of the ghrelin (0.6 nmol). In experiment 3, birds were injected with ghrelin (0.6 nmol) after the β3 adrenergic receptor antagonist (20 nmol). Cumulative food and water intake were recorded 3-h post injection and analyzed by two-way analysis of variance. According to the results, ghrelin injection reduced food and water intake by broiler cockerels (p≤0.05). The effect of ghrelin on food intake was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with the β2 receptor antagonist (p≤0.05). Furthermore, the β2 receptor antagonist had no effect on water intake induced by ghrelin. Also, pretreatment with the β1 and β3 receptors antagonists had no effect on ghrelin-induced food and water intake. These results suggest that the effect of ghrelin on cumulative food intake by cockerels is mediated via β2 adrenergic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Zendehdel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, 14155-6453, Tehran, Iran,
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Wang S, Khondowe P, Chen S, Yu J, Shu G, Zhu X, Wang L, Gao P, Xi Q, Zhang Y, Jiang Q. Effects of "Bioactive" amino acids leucine, glutamate, arginine and tryptophan on feed intake and mRNA expression of relative neuropeptides in broiler chicks. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2012; 3:27. [PMID: 22958345 PMCID: PMC3494553 DOI: 10.1186/2049-1891-3-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Feed intake control is vital to ensuring optimal nutrition and achieving full potential for growth and development in poultry. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of L-leucine, L-glutamate, L-tryptophan and L-arginine on feed intake and the mRNA expression levels of hypothalamic Neuropeptide involved in feed intake regulation in broiler chicks. Leucine, glutamate, tryptophan or arginine was intra-cerebroventricularly (ICV) administrated to 4d-old broiler chicks respectively and the feed intake were recorded at various time points. Quantitative PCR was performed to determine the hypothalamic mRNA expression levels of Neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti related protein (AgRP), pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) and corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF). Our results showed that ICV administration of L-leucine (0.15 or 1.5 μmol) significantly (P < 0.05) increased feed intake up to 2 h post-administration period and elevated both hypothalamic NPY and AgRP mRNA expression levels. In contrast, ICV administration of L-glutamate (1.6 μmol) significantly (P < 0.05) decreased feed intake 0.25, 0.5 and 2 h post-injection, and increased hypothalamic CRF and MC4R mRNA expression levels. Meanwhile, both L-tryptophan (10 or 100 μg) and L-arginine (20 or 200 μg) had no significant effect on feed intake. These findings suggested that L-leucine and L-glutamate could act within the hypothalamus to influence food intake, and that both orexigenic and anorexigenic Neuropeptide genes might contribute directly to these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbo Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Paul Khondowe
- College of Animal Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China.,School of Natural Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Shengfeng Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Jianjian Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Gang Shu
- College of Animal Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- College of Animal Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Lina Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Ping Gao
- College of Animal Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- College of Animal Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- College of Animal Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
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Polakof S, Mommsen TP, Soengas JL. Glucosensing and glucose homeostasis: from fish to mammals. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2011; 160:123-49. [PMID: 21871969 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Revised: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review is focused on two topics related to glucose in vertebrates. In a first section devoted to glucose homeostasis we describe how glucose levels fluctuate and are regulated in different classes of vertebrates. The detection of these fluctuations is essential for homeostasis and for other physiological processes such as regulation of food intake. The capacity of that detection is known as glucosensing, and the different mechanisms through which it occurs are known as glucosensors. Different glucosensor mechanisms have been demonstrated in different tissues and organs of rodents and humans whereas the information obtained for other vertebrates is scarce. In the second section of the review we describe the present knowledge regarding glucosensor mechanisms in different groups of vertebrates, with special emphasis in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Polakof
- INRA, UMR, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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15
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Bungo T, Yanagita K, Shiraishi JI. Feed Intake after Infusion of Noradrenalin, Dopamine or its Precursor into the Lateral Ventricles in Neonatal Chicks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/javaa.2010.760.763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Baghbanzadeh A, Hajinezhad MR, Shohreh B, Maleklou R. Intralateral hypothalamic area injection of isoproterenol and propranolol affects food and water intake in broilers. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2010; 196:221-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00359-010-0507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Revised: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Effects of corticosterone treatment on responses to fasting in Japanese quail. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2009; 154:211-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2008] [Revised: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 06/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Zendehdel M, Baghbanzadeh A, Babapour V, Cheraghi J. The effects of bicuculline and muscimol on glutamate-induced feeding behavior in broiler cockerels. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2009; 195:715-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00359-009-0446-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 04/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chen GQ, Hu XF, Sugahara K, Chen JS, Song XM, Zheng HC, Jiang YQ, Huang X, Jiang JF, Zhou WD. Type-dependent differential expression of neuropeptide Y in chicken hypothalamus (Gallus domesticus). J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2007; 8:839-44. [PMID: 17973346 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.2007.b0839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of the most important orexigenic agents in central regulation of feeding behavior, body weight and energy homeostasis in domestic chickens. To examine differences in the hypothalamic NPY between layer-type and meat-type of chickens, which are two divergent kinds of the domestic chickens in feeding behavior and body weight, we detected mRNA levels of NPY in hypothalamic infundibular nucleus (IN), paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) of these two types of chickens using one-step real time RT-PCR. The meat-type chicken had more food daily (about 1.7 folds) and greater body weights (about 1.5 folds) and brain weights than the layer-type chicken at the age of 14 d. In the meat-type of chicken, NPY mRNA levels of the IN and PVN were significantly greater than those of the LHA, and were not significantly different between the IN and PVN. However, in the layer-type of chicken, NPY mRNA levels were significantly greater in the IN than those in the LHA and PVN, and were not significantly different between the PVN and LHA. In all these hypothalamic regions, the layer-type of chicken had significantly higher NPY mRNA levels than the meat-type chicken did. These results suggest the expression of NPY in the hypothalamus has a type-dependent pattern in domestic chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Qian Chen
- Institute of Bioengineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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Bernier NJ. The corticotropin-releasing factor system as a mediator of the appetite-suppressing effects of stress in fish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2006; 146:45-55. [PMID: 16410007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2005] [Accepted: 11/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A characteristic feature of the behavioural response to intensely acute or chronic stressors is a reduction in appetite. In fish, as in other vertebrates, the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system plays a key role in coordinating the neuroendocrine, autonomic, and behavioural responses to stress. The following review documents the evidence implicating the CRF system as a mediator of the appetite-suppressing effects of stress in fish. Central injections of CRF or the related peptide, urotensin I (UI), or pharmacological treatments or stressors that result in an increase in forebrain CRF and UI gene expression, can elicit dose-dependent reductions in food intake that are at least partially reversed by pre-treatment with a CRF receptor antagonist. In addition, the appetite suppressing effects of various environmental, pathological, physical, and social stressors are associated with elevated levels of forebrain CRF and UI gene expression and with an activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) stress axis. In contrast, although stressors can also be associated with an increase in caudal neurosecretory system CRF and UI gene expression and an endocrine role for CRF-related peptides has been suggested, the physiological effects of peripheral CRF-related peptides on the gastrointestinal system and in the regulation of appetite have not been investigated. Overall, while CRF and UI appear to participate in the stress-induced changes in feeding behaviour in fish, the role of other know components of the CRF system is not known. Moreover, the extent to which the anorexigenic effects of CRF-related peptides are mediated through the hypothalamic feeding center, the HPI axis and cortisol, or via actions on descending autonomic pathways remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Bernier
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Ont., Canada N1G 2W1.
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Zhou W, Aoyama M, Yoshizawa F, Sugahara K. Developmental increases in hypothalamic neuropeptide Y content with the embryonic age of meat- and layer-type chicks. Brain Res 2006; 1072:26-9. [PMID: 16426585 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2005] [Revised: 10/31/2005] [Accepted: 11/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We determined central neuropeptide Y (NPY) content of meat- and layer-type chicks at embryonic days 7, 14, 20, and at post-hatching day 1. The central NPY was detectable at day 7; hypothalamic NPY content developmentally increased with a similar pattern but a different level between both types of chicks. These results were discussed with respect to feeding behavior early period after hatching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Zhou
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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22
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Proszkowiec-Weglarz M, Richards MP, Ramachandran R, McMurtry JP. Characterization of the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway in chickens. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2006; 143:92-106. [PMID: 16343965 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2005.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2005] [Revised: 10/25/2005] [Accepted: 10/25/2005] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is involved in the regulation of cellular energy homeostasis and, on the whole animal level, in regulating energy balance and food intake. Because the chicken is a valuable experimental animal model and considering that a first draft of the chicken genome sequence has recently been completed, we were interested in verifying the genetic basis for the LKB1/AMPK pathway in chickens. We identified distinct gene homologues for AMPK alpha, beta and gamma subunits and for LKB1, MO25 and STRAD. Analysis of gene expression by RT-PCR showed that liver, brain, kidney, spleen, pancreas, duodenum, abdominal fat and hypothalamus from 3 wk-old broiler chickens preferentially expressed AMPK alpha-1, beta-2 and gamma-1 subunit isoforms. Heart predominantly expressed alpha-2, beta-2 and gamma-1, whereas skeletal muscle expressed alpha-2, beta-2 and gamma-3 preferentially. Moreover, the AMPK gamma-3 gene was only expressed in heart and skeletal muscle. Genes encoding LKB1, MO25 alpha, MO25 beta, and STRAD beta were expressed in all examined tissues, whereas STRAD alpha was expressed exclusively in brain, hypothalamus, heart and skeletal muscle. Alterations in energy status (fasting and refeeding) produced little significant change in AMPK subunit gene transcription. We also determined the level of phosphorylated (active) AMPK in different tissues and in different states of energy balance. Immunocytochemical analysis of the chicken hypothalamus showed that activated AMPK was present in hypothalamic nuclei involved in regulation of food intake and energy balance. Together, these findings suggest a functional LKB1/AMPK pathway exists in chickens similar to that observed in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Proszkowiec-Weglarz
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Growth Biology Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Building 200, Rm. 218, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA.
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23
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Bungo T, Dodo KI, Kawamura K, Izumi T, Ueda H. Effects of various mu- and delta-opioid ligands on food intake in the meat-type chick. Physiol Behav 2005; 85:519-23. [PMID: 16054662 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2004] [Revised: 05/17/2005] [Accepted: 05/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to examine the effects of mu- and delta-opioid receptor ligands on feeding behavior in meat-type chicks. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of naltrexone (mu- and delta-antagonist), beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA; mu-antagonist), ICI-174,864 (ICI; delta-antagonist), or naloxonazine (NAL; mu1-antagonist) significantly decreased deprivation-induced feeding at 30 min postinjection. Co-injection of beta-FNA, but not NAL, significantly blocked the depressive effect of [D-Ala2, N-MePhe4, Gly5-ol]-enkephalin (mu-opioid agonist) under ad libitum conditions. Central injection of ICI attenuated significant effects of [D-Pen(2,5)]-enkephalin (delta-opioid agonist) on feeding behavior in ad libitum fed chicks. Co-injection of beta-FNA, but not ICI, significantly attenuated the orexigenic effect of [D-Ala2, D-Leu3]-enkephalin (mu- and delta-opioid agonist). These results suggest that the endogenous opioid peptides, which act on the mu- and/or delta-opioid receptor, have an important role in feeding behavior in the central nervous system of meat-type chicks.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn/physiology
- Chickens/physiology
- Eating/drug effects
- Injections, Intraventricular
- Ligands
- Narcotic Antagonists/administration & dosage
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Bungo
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
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Zhou W, Murakami M, Hasegawa S, Yoshizawa F, Sugahara K. Neuropeptide Y content in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus responds to fasting and refeeding in broiler chickens. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2005; 141:146-52. [PMID: 15982913 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2005.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2005] [Revised: 04/22/2005] [Accepted: 04/23/2005] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To examine the neural mechanism by which hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) regulates energy homeostasis and feeding behavior in commercial broilers, we measured NPY content in several hypothalamic regions of birds that were fasted and then refed. After fasting for 48 and 72 h, body weight significantly decreased, and food intake significantly increased during the subsequent refeeding. The lost body weight was not restored to ad libitum feeding levels even after 3 days of refeeding. Plasma glucose concentration and body fat content significantly decreased and plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration significantly increased after 48- and 72-h fasting. Refeeding for 24 h restored plasma metabolites and body fat content to pre-fasting levels. NPY content in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and infundibular nucleus significantly increased during fasting, and NPY content of the PVN was restored to pre-fasting levels after 24-h refeeding. However, there was no significant change in the NPY content of the lateral hypothalamic area during fasting or refeeding. The present results of changes in the hypothalamic NPY content during fasting and refeeding support the hypothesis that NPY plays a central role in regulation of energy homeostasis, with especially important effect on feeding behavior and body weight in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Zhou
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
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26
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Comparison of Hypothalamic Monoamine Contents of Broiler- and Layer-Type Chickens at Prehatch and Posthatch. J Poult Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.40.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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27
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Abstract
This study examined the effects of intracerebroventricular injections of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists on short-term food intake in meat-type cockerels. In Experiment 1, birds were injected with various doses of muscimol, a GABA(A) agonist. In Experiment 2, the birds received bicuculline, a GABA(A) antagonist, prior to injection of muscimol. In Experiment 3, the effect of varying doses of baclofen, a GABA(B) agonist, on food intake was determined. The intracerebroventricular injection of muscimol caused a dose-dependent increase in food intake. This effect was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with bicuculline. Food intake was not affected by the intracerebroventricular injection of baclofen. These results suggest that GABA acts within the brain of broilers at a GABA(A), but not GABA(B), receptor to increase voluntary food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jonaidi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, 76169-133 Kerman, Iran.
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Ebersole TJ, Conlon JM, Goetz FW, Boyd SK. Characterization and distribution of neuropeptide Y in the brain of a caecilian amphibian. Peptides 2001; 22:325-34. [PMID: 11287086 DOI: 10.1016/s0196-9781(01)00334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) from the brain of an amphibian from the order Gymnophiona (the caecilian, Typhlonectes natans) was characterized. We cloned a 790 base pair cDNA encoding the caecilian NPY precursor. The open reading frame consisted of 291 bases, indicating an NPY precursor of 97 amino acids. Both deduced and isolated NPY primary structures were Tyr-Pro-Ser-Lys-Pro-Asp-Asn-Pro-Gly-Glu(10)-Asp-Ala-Pro-Ala-Glu-Asp-Met-Ala-Lys-Tyr(20)-Tyr-Ser-Ala-Leu-Arg-His-Tyr-Ile-Asn-Leu(30)-Ile-Thr-Arg-Gln-Arg-Tyr. NH2. In caecilian brain, we observed NPY immunoreactive cells within the medial pallium, basal forebrain, preoptic area, midbrain tegmentum and trigeminal nucleus. The prevalence of preoptic and hypothalamic terminal field staining supports the hypothesis that NPY controls pituitary function in this caecilian.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Ebersole
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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