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Cumbo F, Tosi M, Mizzoni I, Catteruccia M, Carlesi A, Bertini E, D'Amico A. Cognitive, adaptive and perseverative aspects characterization of children with XLMTM: An explorative study. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2024; 51:58-61. [PMID: 38824722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2024.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy (XLMTM) is a severe congenital myopathy, potentially fatal within the first years. Patients present several complications and their cognitive development has never been explored deeply so far. An in-depth knowledge on the disease natural history, including the neurocognitive and adaptive profile, is essential in light of the promising new therapeutic perspectives. METHODS We included all XLMTM patients seen in our clinical Unit between January 2021 and December 2023, irrespective to their disease's severity. Demographic and clinical data, including motor, respiratory and swallowing functions were collected. Patients were assessed with gold-standard international scales, according to their age and communication skills. RESULTS We assessed nine patients in total, four with a severe phenotype, four with an intermediate phenotype and one with mild phenotype. The cognitive profile was within the lower limits or lower than the norm, with a global adaptive deficit for the majority of patients. A perseverative behavioural trait was also observed in some patients. CONCLUSION This study shows that XLMTM patients in the cohort had a neurodevelopmental profile within the lower limits of the norm, irrespective to the disease's severity, while the adaptive difficulties seems to be related to patients' global clinical impairment. Our observation would deserve a confirmation on a wider range of patients and we consider it essential for better defining the XLMTM phenotype, also considering the incoming promising therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cumbo
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Tosi
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Mizzoni
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Catteruccia
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Adelina Carlesi
- Developmental Neurology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Adele D'Amico
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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Bullivant J, Sen A, Page J, Graham RJ, Jungbluth H, Schara-Schmidt U, Lynch O, Bönnemann C, Hollander AD, Lennox A, Moat D, Saegert C, Amburgey K, Buj-Bello A, Dowling JJ, Marini-Bettolo C. The myotubular and centronuclear myopathy patient registry: a multifunctional tool for translational research. Neuromuscul Disord 2024; 35:42-52. [PMID: 38061948 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The Myotubular and Centronuclear Myopathy Registry is an international research database containing key longitudinal data on a diverse and growing cohort of individuals affected by this group of rare and ultra-rare neuromuscular conditions. It can inform and support all areas of translational research including epidemiological and natural history studies, clinical trial feasibility planning, recruitment for clinical trials or other research studies, stand-alone clinical studies, standards of care development, and provision of real-world evidence data. For ten years, it has also served as a valuable communications tool and provided a link between the scientific and patient communities. With the anticipated advent of disease-modifying therapies for these conditions, the registry is a key resource for the generation of post-authorisation data for regulatory decision-making, real world evidence, and patient-reported outcome measures. In this paper we present some key data from the current 444 registered individuals with the following genotype split: MTM1 n=270, DNM2 n=42, BIN1 n=4, TTN n=4, RYR1 n=12, other n=4, unknown n=108. The data presented are consistent with the current literature and the common understanding of a strong genotype/phenotype correlations in CNM, most notably the data supports the current knowledge that XLMTM is typically the most severe form of CNM. Additionally, we outline the ways in which the registry supports research, and, more generally, the importance of continuous investment and development to maintain the relevance of registries for all stakeholders. Further information on the registry and contact details are available on the registry website at www.mtmcnmregistry.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Bullivant
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anando Sen
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jess Page
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robert J Graham
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- Department of Paediatric Neurology - Neuromuscular Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signalling Section, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (FoLSM), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrike Schara-Schmidt
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Bönnemann
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | | | | | - Dionne Moat
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Kimberly Amburgey
- Division of Neurology, Program for Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ana Buj-Bello
- Genethon, Evry 91000, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare research unit UMR_S951, Evry 91000, France
| | - James J Dowling
- Division of Neurology, Program for Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Chiara Marini-Bettolo
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Kušíková K, Šoltýsová A, Ficek A, Feichtinger RG, Mayr JA, Škopková M, Gašperíková D, Kolníková M, Ornig K, Kalev O, Weis S, Weis D. Prognostic Value of Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy and the Use of the Face2Gene Application as an Effective Non-Invasive Diagnostic Tool. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2174. [PMID: 38136996 PMCID: PMC10742680 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare congenital myopathy resulting from dysfunction of the protein myotubularin encoded by the MTM1 gene. XLMTM has a high neonatal and infantile mortality rate due to a severe myopathic phenotype and respiratory failure. However, in a minority of XLMTM cases, patients present with milder phenotypes and achieve ambulation and adulthood. Notable facial dysmorphia is also present. METHODS We investigated the genotype-phenotype correlations in newly diagnosed XLMTM patients in a patients' cohort (previously published data plus three novel variants, n = 414). Based on the facial gestalt difference between XLMTM patients and unaffected controls, we investigated the use of the Face2Gene application. RESULTS Significant associations between severe phenotype and truncating variants (p < 0.001), frameshift variants (p < 0.001), nonsense variants (p = 0.006), and in/del variants (p = 0.036) were present. Missense variants were significantly associated with the mild and moderate phenotype (p < 0.001). The Face2Gene application showed a significant difference between XLMTM patients and unaffected controls (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Using genotype-phenotype correlations could predict the disease course in most XLMTM patients, but still with limitations. The Face2Gene application seems to be a practical, non-invasive diagnostic approach in XLMTM using the correct algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Kušíková
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava and National Institute of Children’s Diseases, 83340 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.K.)
| | - Andrea Šoltýsová
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrej Ficek
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - René G. Feichtinger
- University Children’s Hospital, SalzburgerLandeskliniken (SALK), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (R.G.F.)
| | - Johannes A. Mayr
- University Children’s Hospital, SalzburgerLandeskliniken (SALK), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (R.G.F.)
| | - Martina Škopková
- Department of Metabolic Disorders, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Science, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Gašperíková
- Department of Metabolic Disorders, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Science, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miriam Kolníková
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava and National Institute of Children’s Diseases, 83340 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.K.)
| | - Karoline Ornig
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Neuromed Campus, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Ognian Kalev
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Neuromed Campus, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Serge Weis
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Neuromed Campus, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Denisa Weis
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kepler University Hospital Med Campus IV, Johannes Kepler University, 4020 Linz, Austria
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Shieh PB, Kuntz NL, Dowling JJ, Müller-Felber W, Bönnemann CG, Seferian AM, Servais L, Smith BK, Muntoni F, Blaschek A, Foley AR, Saade DN, Neuhaus S, Alfano LN, Beggs AH, Buj-Bello A, Childers MK, Duong T, Graham RJ, Jain M, Coats J, MacBean V, James ES, Lee J, Mavilio F, Miller W, Varfaj F, Murtagh M, Han C, Noursalehi M, Lawlor MW, Prasad S, Rico S. Safety and efficacy of gene replacement therapy for X-linked myotubular myopathy (ASPIRO): a multinational, open-label, dose-escalation trial. Lancet Neurol 2023; 22:1125-1139. [PMID: 37977713 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(23)00313-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-linked myotubular myopathy is a rare, life-threatening, congenital muscle disease observed mostly in males, which is caused by mutations in MTM1. No therapies are approved for this disease. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of resamirigene bilparvovec, which is an adeno-associated viral vector serotype 8 delivering human MTM1. METHODS ASPIRO is an open-label, dose-escalation trial at seven academic medical centres in Canada, France, Germany, and the USA. We included boys younger than 5 years with X-linked myotubular myopathy who required mechanical ventilator support. The trial was initially in two parts. Part 1 was planned as a safety and dose-escalation phase in which participants were randomly allocated (2:1) to either the first dose level (1·3 × 1014 vector genomes [vg]/kg bodyweight) of resamirigene bilparvovec or delayed treatment, then, for later participants, to either a higher dose (3·5 × 1014 vg/kg bodyweight) of resamirigene bilparvovec or delayed treatment. Part 2 was intended to confirm the dose selected in part 1. Resamirigene bilparvovec was administered as a single intravenous infusion. An untreated control group comprised boys who participated in a run-in study (INCEPTUS; NCT02704273) or those in the delayed treatment cohort who did not receive any dose. The primary efficacy outcome was the change from baseline to week 24 in hours of daily ventilator support. After three unexpected deaths, dosing at the higher dose was stopped and the two-part feature of the study design was eliminated. Because of changes to the study design during its implementation, analyses were done on an as-treated basis and are deemed exploratory. All treated and control participants were included in the safety analysis. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03199469. Outcomes are reported as of Feb 28, 2022. ASPIRO is currently paused while deaths in dosed participants are investigated. FINDINGS Between Aug 3, 2017 and June 1, 2021, 30 participants were screened for eligibility, of whom 26 were enrolled; six were allocated to the lower dose, 13 to the higher dose, and seven to delayed treatment. Of the seven children whose treatment was delayed, four later received the higher dose (n=17 total in the higher dose cohort), one received the lower dose (n=7 total in the lower dose cohort), and two received no dose and joined the control group (n=14 total, including 12 children from INCEPTUS). Median age at dosing or enrolment was 12·1 months (IQR 10·0-30·9; range 9·5-49·7) in the lower dose cohort, 31·1 months (16·0-64·7; 6·8-72·7) in the higher dose cohort, and 18·7 months (10·1-31·5; 5·9-39·3) in the control cohort. Median follow-up was 46·1 months (IQR 41·0-49·5; range 2·1-54·7) for lower dose participants, 27·6 months (24·6-29·1; 3·4-41·0) for higher dose participants, and 28·3 months (9·7-46·9; 5·7-32·7) for control participants. At week 24, lower dose participants had an estimated 77·7 percentage point (95% CI 40·22 to 115·24) greater reduction in least squares mean hours per day of ventilator support from baseline versus controls (p=0·0002), and higher dose participants had a 22·8 percentage point (6·15 to 39·37) greater reduction from baseline versus controls (p=0·0077). One participant in the lower dose cohort and three in the higher dose cohort died; at the time of death, all children had cholestatic liver failure following gene therapy (immediate causes of death were sepsis; hepatopathy, severe immune dysfunction, and pseudomonal sepsis; gastrointestinal haemorrhage; and septic shock). Three individuals in the control group died (haemorrhage presumed related to hepatic peliosis; aspiration pneumonia; and cardiopulmonary failure). INTERPRETATION Most children with X-linked myotubular myopathy who received MTM1 gene replacement therapy had important improvements in ventilator dependence and motor function, with more than half of dosed participants achieving ventilator independence and some attaining the ability to walk independently. Investigations into the risk for underlying hepatobiliary disease in X-linked myotubular myopathy, and the need for monitoring of liver function before gene replacement therapy, are ongoing. FUNDING Astellas Gene Therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perry B Shieh
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Nancy L Kuntz
- Division of Neurology, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James J Dowling
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wolfgang Müller-Felber
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Laurent Servais
- I-Motion, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France; Neuromuscular Reference Center, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Department of Paediatrics, MDUK Oxford Neuromuscular Centre and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Barbara K Smith
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- NIHR, Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Astrid Blaschek
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Reghan Foley
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dimah N Saade
- Division of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sarah Neuhaus
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lindsay N Alfano
- Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alan H Beggs
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Buj-Bello
- Généthon, Evry, France; Integrare Research Unit UMR_S951, Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, Inserm, Généthon, Evry, France
| | - Martin K Childers
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tina Duong
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Robert J Graham
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Minal Jain
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, NIH Hatfield Clinical Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julie Coats
- Astellas Gene Therapies, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vicky MacBean
- Department of Health Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | | | - Jun Lee
- Astellas Gene Therapies, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fulvio Mavilio
- Astellas Gene Therapies, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Cong Han
- Astellas Pharma Global Development, Northbrook, IL, USA
| | | | - Michael W Lawlor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Diverge Translational Science Laboratory, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Jin N, Xv D, Xv YT, Li XM, Jiang Y, Zhu JP, Lu JF, Luo Q. Whole exome sequencing discloses a pathogenic MTM1 gene mutation in a continuous polyhydramnios family in China: Case report and literature review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023; 291:34-38. [PMID: 37813004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydramnios can be caused by genetic defects at times. However, to establish an accurate diagnosis and provide a precise prenatal consultation in a given case is still a great challenge toward obstetricians. To uncover the genetic cause of polyhydramnios in the two consecutive pregnancies, we performed whole-exome sequencing of DNA for the second suffering fetuses, their parents, and targeted sanger sequencing of other members of this family. We discovered a hemizygous truncating variant in MTM1 gene, c.438_439 del (p. H146Q fs*10) in this Chinese family. In the light of the molecular discoveries, the fetus's clinical phenotype was considered to be a good fit for X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM). There is no related research to the prenatal manifestations of MTM1-related XLMTM among Chinese population, and this is the first one to present. Though the etiology of polyhydramnios is complicated, WES may provide us with a creative avenue in prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Jin
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310000, China
| | - Dong Xv
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310000, China
| | - Ye-Tao Xv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical Universtiy, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xing-Miao Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310000, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310000, China
| | - Jing-Ping Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310000, China
| | - Jve-Fei Lu
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310000, China; Tong Xiang Maternaity and Child Health Care Hospital, Tongxiang 314500, China
| | - Qiong Luo
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310000, China.
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Sigrist SJ, Haucke V. Orchestrating vesicular and nonvesicular membrane dynamics by intrinsically disordered proteins. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57758. [PMID: 37680133 PMCID: PMC10626433 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Compartmentalization by membranes is a common feature of eukaryotic cells and serves to spatiotemporally confine biochemical reactions to control physiology. Membrane-bound organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the Golgi complex, endosomes and lysosomes, and the plasma membrane, continuously exchange material via vesicular carriers. In addition to vesicular trafficking entailing budding, fission, and fusion processes, organelles can form membrane contact sites (MCSs) that enable the nonvesicular exchange of lipids, ions, and metabolites, or the secretion of neurotransmitters via subsequent membrane fusion. Recent data suggest that biomolecule and information transfer via vesicular carriers and via MCSs share common organizational principles and are often mediated by proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs). Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) can assemble via low-affinity, multivalent interactions to facilitate membrane tethering, deformation, fission, or fusion. Here, we review our current understanding of how IDPs drive the formation of multivalent protein assemblies and protein condensates to orchestrate vesicular and nonvesicular transport with a special focus on presynaptic neurotransmission. We further discuss how dysfunction of IDPs causes disease and outline perspectives for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan J Sigrist
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, PharmacyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, PharmacyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)BerlinGermany
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Graham RJ, Darras BT, Haselkorn T, Fisher D, Genetti CA, Miller W, Beggs AH. Real-world analysis of healthcare resource utilization by patients with X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) in the United States. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:138. [PMID: 37280644 PMCID: PMC10242920 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare, life-threatening congenital myopathy with multisystem involvement, often requiring invasive ventilator support, gastrostomy tube feeding, and wheelchair use. Understanding healthcare resource utilization in patients with XLMTM is important for development of targeted therapies but data are limited. METHODS We analyzed individual medical codes as governed by Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System, Current Procedural Terminology, and International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) for a defined cohort of XLMTM patients within a US medical claims database. Using third-party tokenization software, we defined a cohort of XLMTM patient tokens from a de-identified dataset in a research registry of diagnostically confirmed XLMTM patients and de-identified data from a genetic testing company. After approval of an ICD-10 diagnosis code for XLMTM (G71.220) in October 2020, we identified additional patients. RESULTS A total of 192 males with a diagnosis of XLMTM were included: 80 patient tokens and 112 patients with the new ICD-10 code. From 2016 to 2020, the annual number of patients with claims increased from 120 to 154 and the average number of claims per patient per year increased from 93 to 134. Of 146 patients coded with hospitalization claims, 80 patients (55%) were first hospitalized between 0 and 4 years of age. Across all patients, 31% were hospitalized 1-2 times, 32% 3-9 times, and 14% ≥ 10 times. Patients received care from multiple specialty practices: pulmonology (53%), pediatrics (47%), neurology (34%), and critical care medicine (31%). The most common conditions and procedures related to XLMTM were respiratory events (82%), ventilation management (82%), feeding difficulties (81%), feeding support (72%), gastrostomy (69%), and tracheostomy (64%). Nearly all patients with respiratory events had chronic respiratory claims (96%). The most frequent diagnostic codes were those investigating hepatobiliary abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS This innovative medical claims analysis shows substantial healthcare resource use in XLMTM patients that increased over the last 5 years. Most patients required respiratory and feeding support and experienced multiple hospitalizations throughout childhood and beyond for those that survived. This pattern delineation will inform outcome assessments with the emergence of novel therapies and supportive care measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Graham
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Basil T Darras
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Casie A Genetti
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Circle - BCH3150, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Weston Miller
- Formerly of Astellas Gene Therapies, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alan H Beggs
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Circle - BCH3150, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Bhattacharyya T, Ghosh A, Verma S, Raghu P, Sowdhamini R. Structural rationale to understand the effect of disease-associated mutations on Myotubularin. Curr Res Struct Biol 2023; 5:100100. [PMID: 37101954 PMCID: PMC10123148 DOI: 10.1016/j.crstbi.2023.100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myotubularin or MTM1 is a lipid phosphatase that regulates vesicular trafficking in the cell. The MTM1 gene is mutated in a severe form of muscular disease, X-linked myotubular myopathy or XLMTM, affecting 1 in 50,000 newborn males worldwide. There have been several studies on the disease pathology of XLMTM, but the structural effects of missense mutations of MTM1 are underexplored due to the unavailability of a crystal structure. MTM1 consists of three domains-a lipid-binding N-terminal GRAM domain, the phosphatase domain and a coiled-coil domain which aids dimerisation of Myotubularin homologs. While most mutations reported to date map to the phosphatase domain of MTM1, the other two domains on the sequence are also frequently mutated in XLMTM. To understand the overall structural and functional effects of missense mutations on MTM1, we curated several missense mutations and performed in silico and in vitro studies. Apart from significantly impaired binding to substrate, abrogation of phosphatase activity was observed for a few mutants. Possible long-range effects of mutations from non-catalytic domains on phosphatase activity were observed as well. Coiled-coil domain mutants have been characterised here for the first time in XLMTM literature.
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Pokrovsky MV, Korokin MV, Krayushkina AM, Zhunusov NS, Lapin KN, Soldatova MO, Kuzmin EA, Gudyrev OS, Kochkarova IS, Deikin AV. CONVENTIONAL APPROACHES TO THE THERAPY OF HEREDITARY MYOPATHIES. PHARMACY & PHARMACOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.19163/2307-9266-2022-10-5-416-431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the work was to analyze the available therapeutic options for the conventional therapy of hereditary myopathies.Materials and methods. When searching for the material for writing a review article, such abstract databases as PubMed and Google Scholar were used. The search was carried out on the publications during the period from 1980 to September 2022. The following words and their combinations were selected as parameters for the literature selection: “myopathy”, “Duchenne”, “myodystrophy”, “metabolic”, “mitochondrial”, “congenital”, “symptoms”, “replacement”, “recombinant”, “corticosteroids”, “vitamins”, “tirasemtiv”, “therapy”, “treatment”, “evidence”, “clinical trials”, “patients”, “dichloracetate”.Results. Congenital myopathies are a heterogeneous group of pathologies that are caused by atrophy and degeneration of muscle fibers due to mutations in genes. Based on a number of clinical and pathogenetic features, hereditary myopathies are divided into: 1) congenital myopathies; 2) muscular dystrophy; 3) mitochondrial and 4) metabolic myopathies. At the same time, treatment approaches vary significantly depending on the type of myopathy and can be based on 1) substitution of the mutant protein; 2) an increase in its expression; 3) stimulation of the internal compensatory pathways expression; 4) restoration of the compounds balance associated with the mutant protein function (for enzymes); 5) impact on the mitochondrial function (with metabolic and mitochondrial myopathies); 6) reduction of inflammation and fibrosis (with muscular dystrophies); as well as 7) an increase in muscle mass and strength. The current review presents current data on each of the listed approaches, as well as specific pharmacological agents with a description of their action mechanisms.Conclusion. Currently, the following pharmacological groups are used or undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of various myopathies types: inotropic, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic drugs, antimyostatin therapy and the drugs that promote translation through stop codons (applicable for nonsense mutations). In addition, metabolic drugs, metabolic enzyme cofactors, mitochondrial biogenesis stimulators, and antioxidants can be used to treat myopathies. Finally, the recombinant drugs alglucosidase and avalglucosidase have been clinically approved for the replacement therapy of metabolic myopathies (Pompe’s disease).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - K. N. Lapin
- V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Resuscitation and Rehabilitology
| | | | - E. A. Kuzmin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
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10
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Li Q, Lin J, Widrick JJ, Luo S, Li G, Zhang Y, Laporte J, Perrella MA, Liu X, Agrawal PB. Dynamin-2 reduction rescues the skeletal myopathy of SPEG-deficient mouse model. JCI Insight 2022; 7:157336. [PMID: 35763354 PMCID: PMC9462472 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Striated preferentially expressed protein kinase (SPEG), a myosin light chain kinase, is mutated in centronuclear myopathy (CNM) and/or dilated cardiomyopathy. No precise therapies are available for this disorder, and gene replacement therapy is not a feasible option due to the large size of SPEG. We evaluated the potential of dynamin-2 (DNM2) reduction as a potential therapeutic strategy because it has been shown to revert muscle phenotypes in mouse models of CNM caused by MTM1, DNM2, and BIN1 mutations. We determined that SPEG-β interacted with DNM2, and SPEG deficiency caused an increase in DNM2 levels. The DNM2 reduction strategy in Speg-KO mice was associated with an increase in life span, body weight, and motor performance. Additionally, it normalized the distribution of triadic proteins, triad ultrastructure, and triad number and restored phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate levels in SPEG-deficient skeletal muscles. Although DNM2 reduction rescued the myopathy phenotype, it did not improve cardiac dysfunction, indicating a differential tissue-specific function. Combining DNM2 reduction with other strategies may be needed to target both the cardiac and skeletal defects associated with SPEG deficiency. DNM2 reduction should be explored as a therapeutic strategy against other genetic myopathies (and dystrophies) associated with a high level of DNM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifei Li
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Jasmine Lin
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey J Widrick
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Shiyu Luo
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Gu Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Yuanfan Zhang
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | | | - Mark A Perrella
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Pankaj B Agrawal
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
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11
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Nunes GDC, Grenier K, Kron CM, Kitzler T, Helou JE, Rosenblatt DS, Olivier F. Pulmonary lymphangiectasia in myotubular myopathy: a novel unrecognized association? Neuromuscul Disord 2022; 32:512-515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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12
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Ganassi M, Muntoni F, Zammit PS. Defining and identifying satellite cell-opathies within muscular dystrophies and myopathies. Exp Cell Res 2022; 411:112906. [PMID: 34740639 PMCID: PMC8784828 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies and congenital myopathies arise from specific genetic mutations causing skeletal muscle weakness that reduces quality of life. Muscle health relies on resident muscle stem cells called satellite cells, which enable life-course muscle growth, maintenance, repair and regeneration. Such tuned plasticity gradually diminishes in muscle diseases, suggesting compromised satellite cell function. A central issue however, is whether the pathogenic mutation perturbs satellite cell function directly and/or indirectly via an increasingly hostile microenvironment as disease progresses. Here, we explore the effects on satellite cell function of pathogenic mutations in genes (myopathogenes) that associate with muscle disorders, to evaluate clinical and muscle pathological hallmarks that define dysfunctional satellite cells. We deploy transcriptomic analysis and comparison between muscular dystrophies and myopathies to determine the contribution of satellite cell dysfunction using literature, expression dynamics of myopathogenes and their response to the satellite cell regulator PAX7. Our multimodal approach extends current pathological classifications to define Satellite Cell-opathies: muscle disorders in which satellite cell dysfunction contributes to pathology. Primary Satellite Cell-opathies are conditions where mutations in a myopathogene directly affect satellite cell function, such as in Progressive Congenital Myopathy with Scoliosis (MYOSCO) and Carey-Fineman-Ziter Syndrome (CFZS). Primary satellite cell-opathies are generally characterised as being congenital with general hypotonia, and specific involvement of respiratory, trunk and facial muscles, although serum CK levels are usually within the normal range. Secondary Satellite Cell-opathies have mutations in myopathogenes that affect both satellite cells and muscle fibres. Such classification aids diagnosis and predicting probable disease course, as well as informing on treatment and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Ganassi
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom; NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Peter S Zammit
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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13
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Dowling JJ, Müller-Felber W, Smith BK, Bönnemann CG, Kuntz NL, Muntoni F, Servais L, Alfano LN, Beggs AH, Bilder DA, Blaschek A, Duong T, Graham RJ, Jain M, Lawlor MW, Lee J, Coats J, Lilien C, Lowes LP, MacBean V, Neuhaus S, Noursalehi M, Pitts T, Finlay C, Christensen S, Rafferty G, Seferian AM, Tsuchiya E, James ES, Miller W, Sepulveda B, Vila MC, Prasad S, Rico S, Shieh PB. INCEPTUS Natural History, Run-in Study for Gene Replacement Clinical Trial in X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy. J Neuromuscul Dis 2022; 9:503-516. [PMID: 35694931 PMCID: PMC9398079 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-210781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a life-threatening congenital myopathy that, in most cases, is characterized by profound muscle weakness, respiratory failure, need for mechanical ventilation and gastrostomy feeding, and early death. OBJECTIVE We aimed to characterize the neuromuscular, respiratory, and extramuscular burden of XLMTM in a prospective, longitudinal study. METHODS Thirty-four participants < 4 years old with XLMTM and receiving ventilator support enrolled in INCEPTUS, a prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study. Disease-related adverse events, respiratory and motor function, feeding, secretions, and quality of life were assessed. RESULTS During median (range) follow-up of 13.0 (0.5, 32.9) months, there were 3 deaths (aspiration pneumonia; cardiopulmonary failure; hepatic hemorrhage with peliosis) and 61 serious disease-related events in 20 (59%) participants, mostly respiratory (52 events, 18 participants). Most participants (80%) required permanent invasive ventilation (>16 hours/day); 20% required non-invasive support (6-16 hours/day). Median age at tracheostomy was 3.5 months (95% CI: 2.5, 9.0). Thirty-three participants (97%) required gastrostomy. Thirty-one (91%) participants had histories of hepatic disease and/or prospectively experienced related adverse events or laboratory or imaging abnormalities. CHOP INTEND scores ranged from 19-52 (mean: 35.1). Seven participants (21%) could sit unsupported for≥30 seconds (one later lost this ability); none could pull to stand or walk with or without support. These parameters remained static over time across the INCEPTUS cohort. CONCLUSIONS INCEPTUS confirmed high medical impact, static respiratory, motor and feeding difficulties, and early death in boys with XLMTM. Hepatobiliary disease was identified as an under-recognized comorbidity. There are currently no approved disease-modifying treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nancy L Kuntz
- Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Great Ormond Street (GOS) Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Laurent Servais
- I-Motion, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France.,Division of Child Neurology, Reference Center for Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Liège & University of Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Alan H Beggs
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Astrid Blaschek
- Dr. v. Haunersches Kinderspital, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Robert J Graham
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Minal Jain
- NIH Hatfield Clinical Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Jun Lee
- Formerly of Astellas Gene Therapies (formerly Audentes Therapeutics) San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julie Coats
- Astellas Gene Therapies (formerly Audentes Therapeutics), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Victoria MacBean
- Brunel University London, London, UK and King's College 32 London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Neuhaus
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mojtaba Noursalehi
- Formerly of Astellas Gene Therapies (formerly Audentes Therapeutics) San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Caroline Finlay
- Formerly of Astellas Gene Therapies (formerly Audentes Therapeutics) San Francisco, CA, USA.,University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Sarah Christensen
- Formerly of Astellas Gene Therapies (formerly Audentes Therapeutics) San Francisco, CA, USA.,University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Emma S James
- Formerly of Astellas Gene Therapies (formerly Audentes Therapeutics) San Francisco, CA, USA.,University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Weston Miller
- Astellas Gene Therapies (formerly Audentes Therapeutics), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bryan Sepulveda
- Formerly of Astellas Gene Therapies (formerly Audentes Therapeutics) San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria Candida Vila
- Formerly of Astellas Gene Therapies (formerly Audentes Therapeutics) San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Suyash Prasad
- Formerly of Astellas Gene Therapies (formerly Audentes Therapeutics) San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Salvador Rico
- Formerly of Astellas Gene Therapies (formerly Audentes Therapeutics) San Francisco, CA, USA
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14
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Dudzik A, Nedza W, Końska K, Starzec K, Tomasik T, Grudzień A, Jagła M, Durlak W, Kwinta P. A novel mutation in MTM1 gene in newborn, resulting in centronuclear myopathy phenotype: a case report. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-021-00140-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare congenital disease. Its main symptoms are hypotonia, dysmorphic facial features, respiratory failure, and feeding disorder.
Case presentation
This study reports on a male patient from Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, who presented symptoms of congenital myopathy. After eliminating many other possible causes, he was eventually proven to bear a c.197C>G, p.(Thr66Arg) MTM1 mutation, a variant of uncertain significance, never described in the literature before. Family of the patient underwent the same genetic tests that proved the mother to be the carrier of mutation.
Conclusion
The article is a first report on abovementioned, newly discovered mutation in MTM1 gene, with high probability leading to the centronuclear myopathy phenotype. It also summarizes the diagnostic process and current state of knowledge about the therapy and prognosis for children with XLMTM. The authors hope that the findings will contribute to the diagnostic process of subsequent patients.
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15
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Gómez-Oca R, Cowling BS, Laporte J. Common Pathogenic Mechanisms in Centronuclear and Myotubular Myopathies and Latest Treatment Advances. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11377. [PMID: 34768808 PMCID: PMC8583656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Centronuclear myopathies (CNM) are rare congenital disorders characterized by muscle weakness and structural defects including fiber hypotrophy and organelle mispositioning. The main CNM forms are caused by mutations in: the MTM1 gene encoding the phosphoinositide phosphatase myotubularin (myotubular myopathy), the DNM2 gene encoding the mechanoenzyme dynamin 2, the BIN1 gene encoding the membrane curvature sensing amphiphysin 2, and the RYR1 gene encoding the skeletal muscle calcium release channel/ryanodine receptor. MTM1, BIN1, and DNM2 proteins are involved in membrane remodeling and trafficking, while RyR1 directly regulates excitation-contraction coupling (ECC). Several CNM animal models have been generated or identified, which confirm shared pathological anomalies in T-tubule remodeling, ECC, organelle mispositioning, protein homeostasis, neuromuscular junction, and muscle regeneration. Dynamin 2 plays a crucial role in CNM physiopathology and has been validated as a common therapeutic target for three CNM forms. Indeed, the promising results in preclinical models set up the basis for ongoing clinical trials. Another two clinical trials to treat myotubular myopathy by MTM1 gene therapy or tamoxifen repurposing are also ongoing. Here, we review the contribution of the different CNM models to understanding physiopathology and therapy development with a focus on the commonly dysregulated pathways and current therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Gómez-Oca
- Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67400 Illkirch, France;
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, 67400 Illkirch, France
- Strasbourg University, 67081 Strasbourg, France
- Dynacure, 67400 Illkirch, France;
| | | | - Jocelyn Laporte
- Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67400 Illkirch, France;
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, 67400 Illkirch, France
- Strasbourg University, 67081 Strasbourg, France
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16
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Franco-Romero A, Sandri M. Role of autophagy in muscle disease. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 82:101041. [PMID: 34625292 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Beside inherited muscle diseases many catabolic conditions such as insulin resistance, malnutrition, cancer growth, aging, infections, chronic inflammatory status, inactivity, obesity are characterized by loss of muscle mass, strength and function. The decrease of muscle quality and quantity increases morbidity, mortality and has a major impact on the quality of life. One of the pathogenetic mechanisms of muscle wasting is the dysregulation of the main protein and organelles quality control system of the cell: the autophagy-lysosome. This review will focus on the role of the autophagy-lysosome system in the different conditions of muscle loss. We will also dissect the signalling pathways that are involved in excessive or defective autophagy regulation. Finally, the state of the art of autophagy modulators that have been used in preclinical or clinical studies to ameliorate muscle mass will be also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anais Franco-Romero
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, via Orus 2, 35129, Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, via G. Colombo 3, 35100, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Sandri
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, via Orus 2, 35129, Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, via G. Colombo 3, 35100, Padova, Italy; Myology Center, University of Padova, via G. Colombo 3, 35100, Padova, Italy; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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17
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Gulay KCM, Nagata N, Aoshima K, Shiohara N, Kobayashi A, Takiguchi M, Kimura T. Peliosis Hepatis with Chylous Ascites in a Dog. J Comp Pathol 2021; 187:63-67. [PMID: 34503655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A 6-year-old spayed female Toy Poodle dog was referred to the Hokkaido University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for abdominal distension. Abdominocentesis yielded ascitic fluid that had a mildly increased total protein concentration and a 2.7-fold higher triglyceride concentration than plasma, and was interpreted as chylous ascites. The patient had an enlarged liver, which contained multiple, small, nodular masses and cyst-like structures. Microscopically, these lesions were multifocal dilated spaces containing lymphocytes, endothelial cells, fibrin and islands of hepatocytes. Increased α-smooth muscle actin-positive cells were observed in hepatic sinusoids. Based on these findings, we diagnosed peliosis hepatis with chylous ascites, which is likely to have been due to lymphangiectasia and disrupted hepatic sinusoids. Neither Bartonella spp DNA nor mutations in ACVRL1 and MTM1 genes were detected, although there was a 47-fold increase in hepatic ACVRL1 expression compared with age-matched control liver. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of chylous ascites resulting from peliosis hepatis in any species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Christian Montecillo Gulay
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagata
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Keisuke Aoshima
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Nozomi Shiohara
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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18
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Reumers SFI, Braun F, Spillane JE, Böhm J, Pennings M, Schouten M, van der Kooi AJ, Foley AR, Bönnemann CG, Kamsteeg EJ, Erasmus CE, Schara-Schmidt U, Jungbluth H, Voermans NC. Spectrum of Clinical Features in X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy Carriers: An International Questionnaire Study. Neurology 2021; 97:e501-e512. [PMID: 34011573 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the spectrum of clinical features in a cohort of X-linked myotubular myopathy (XL-MTM) carriers, including prevalence, genetic features, clinical symptoms, and signs, as well as associated disease burden. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional online questionnaire study among XL-MTM carriers. Participants were recruited from patient associations, medical centers, and registries in the United Kingdom, Germany, and the Netherlands. We used a custom-made questionnaire, the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS), the Frenchay Activities Index (FAI), the Short Form 12 (SF-12) health survey, and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Carriers were classified as manifesting or nonmanifesting on the basis of self-reported ambulation and muscle weakness. RESULTS The prevalence of manifesting carriers in this study population (n = 76) was 51%, subdivided into mild (independent ambulation, 39%), moderate (assisted ambulation, 9%), and severe (wheelchair dependent, 3%) phenotypes. In addition to muscle weakness, manifesting carriers frequently reported fatigue (70%) and exercise intolerance (49%). Manifesting carriers scored higher on the overall CIS (p = 0.001), the fatigue subscale (p < 0.001), and least severe pain subscale (p = 0.005) than nonmanifesting carriers. They scored lower on the FAI (p = 0.005) and the physical component of the SF-12 health survey (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of manifesting XL-MTM carriers may be higher than currently assumed, most having a mild phenotype and a wide variety of symptoms. Manifesting carriers are particularly affected by fatigue, limitations of daily activities, pain, and reduced quality of life. Our findings should increase awareness and provide useful information for health care providers and future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacha F I Reumers
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - Frederik Braun
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - Jennifer E Spillane
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - Johann Böhm
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - Maartje Pennings
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - Meyke Schouten
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - Anneke J van der Kooi
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - A Reghan Foley
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - Erik-Jan Kamsteeg
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - Corrie E Erasmus
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - Ulrike Schara-Schmidt
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - Nicol C Voermans
- From the Department of Neurology (S.F.I.R., N.C.V.), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics (M.P., E.-j.K.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Centre (F.B., U.S.-S.), University Hospital Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.E.S.), St. Thomas Hospital, and Department of Paediatric Neurology (H.J.), Neuromuscular Service, Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurobiology and Genetics (J.B.), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, the Netherlands; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Pediatric Neurology (C.E.E.), Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Muscle Signalling Section (H.J.), Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK.
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Tan HL, Chan E. Respiratory care in myotubular myopathy. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00641-2020. [PMID: 33778049 PMCID: PMC7983207 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00641-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked myotubular myopathy is a neuromuscular condition caused by pathogenic variants in the MTM1 gene, which encodes for myotubularin, a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate phosphatase. Affected individuals typically require intensive medical intervention to survive, though there are some milder phenotypes. To date, respiratory management has been primarily supportive, optimising clearance of airway secretions, providing ventilatory support and prevention/early intervention of respiratory infections. Encouragingly, there has been significant progress in the development of novel therapeutic strategies such as gene therapy, enzyme replacement therapy and drugs that modulate downstream pathways. In this review, we discuss the common respiratory issues using four illustrative real-life cases, and summarise recent translational research, which offers hope to many patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Leng Tan
- Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elaine Chan
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Sztretye M, Szabó L, Dobrosi N, Fodor J, Szentesi P, Almássy J, Magyar ZÉ, Dienes B, Csernoch L. From Mice to Humans: An Overview of the Potentials and Limitations of Current Transgenic Mouse Models of Major Muscular Dystrophies and Congenital Myopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238935. [PMID: 33255644 PMCID: PMC7728138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies are a group of more than 160 different human neuromuscular disorders characterized by a progressive deterioration of muscle mass and strength. The causes, symptoms, age of onset, severity, and progression vary depending on the exact time point of diagnosis and the entity. Congenital myopathies are rare muscle diseases mostly present at birth that result from genetic defects. There are no known cures for congenital myopathies; however, recent advances in gene therapy are promising tools in providing treatment. This review gives an overview of the mouse models used to investigate the most common muscular dystrophies and congenital myopathies with emphasis on their potentials and limitations in respect to human applications.
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21
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Fitzgerald J, Feist C, Dietz P, Moore S, Basel D. A Deep Intronic Variant Activates a Pseudoexon in the MTM1 Gene in a Family with X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy. Mol Syndromol 2020; 11:264-270. [PMID: 33505229 DOI: 10.1159/000510286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a novel intronic variant in the MTM1 gene in 4 males in a family with severe X-linked myotubular myopathy. The A>G variant in deep intronic space activates a cryptic 5' donor splice site resulting in the inclusion of a 48-bp pseudoexon into the mature MTM1 mRNA. The variant is present in all affected males, absent in unaffected males, and heterozygous in the mother of the affected males. The included intronic sequence contains a premature stop codon, and experiments using a translational inhibitor indicate that the mutant mRNAs undergo nonsense-mediated decay. We conclude that affected males produce no, or low, levels of MTM1 mRNA likely leading to a significant reduction of myotubularin-1 protein resulting in the severe neonatal myopathy present in this family. The study highlights the need to consider noncoding variants in genomic screening in families with X-linked myotubular myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Fitzgerald
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Center, Henry Ford Hospital System, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Cori Feist
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Paula Dietz
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Center, Henry Ford Hospital System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephen Moore
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Knight Diagnostic Laboratories, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Donald Basel
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Department of Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Souza LS, Almeida CF, Yamamoto GL, Pavanello RDCM, Gurgel-Giannetti J, da Costa SS, Anequini IP, do Carmo SA, Wang JYT, Scliar MDO, Castelli EC, Otto PA, Zanoteli E, Vainzof M. Manifesting carriers of X-linked myotubular myopathy: Genetic modifiers modulating the phenotype. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2020; 6:e513. [PMID: 33062893 PMCID: PMC7524580 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective To analyze the modulation of the phenotype in manifesting carriers of recessive X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM), searching for possible genetic modifiers. Methods Twelve Brazilian families with XLMTM were molecularly and clinically evaluated. In 2 families, 4 of 6 and 2 of 5 manifesting female carriers were identified. These females were studied for X chromosome inactivation. In addition, whole-exome sequencing was performed, looking for possible modifier variants. We also determined the penetrance rate among carriers of the mutations responsible for the condition. Results Mutations in the MTM1 gene were identified in all index patients from the 12 families, being 4 of them novel. In the heterozygotes, X chromosome inactivation was random in 3 of 4 informative manifesting carriers. The disease penetrance rate was estimated to be 30%, compatible with incomplete penetrance. Exome comparative analyses identified variants within a segment of 4.2 Mb on chromosome 19, containing the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor cluster of genes that were present in all nonmanifesting carriers and absent in all manifesting carriers. We hypothesized that these killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor variants may modulate the phenotype, acting as a protective factor in the nonmanifesting carriers. Conclusions Affected XLMTM female carriers have been described with a surprisingly high frequency for a recessive X-linked disease, raising the question about the pattern of inheritance or the role of modifier factors acting on the disease phenotype. We demonstrated the possible existence of genetic mechanisms and variants accountable for the clinical manifestation in these women, which can become future targets for therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Santos Souza
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Freitas Almeida
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Lopes Yamamoto
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Mingroni Pavanello
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Gurgel-Giannetti
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Souza da Costa
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabela Pessa Anequini
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvana Amanda do Carmo
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Yu Ting Wang
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marília de Oliveira Scliar
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erick C Castelli
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Alberto Otto
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edmar Zanoteli
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariz Vainzof
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center (L.S.S., C.F.A., G.L.Y., R.d.C.M.P., S.S.d.C., I.P.A., S.A.d.C., J.Y.T.W., M.d.O.S., P.A.O., M.V.), University of São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics (J.G.-G.), Medical School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Pathology Department (E.C.C.), School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu; and Department of Neurology (E.Z.), Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
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X-linked myotubular myopathy mimics hereditary spastic paraplegia in two female manifesting carriers of pathogenic MTM1 variant. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:104040. [PMID: 32805447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.104040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare congenital myopathy caused by pathogenic variants in the myotubularin 1 (MTM1) gene. XLMTM leads to severe weakness in male infants and majority of them die in the early postnatal period due to respiratory failure. Disease manifestations in female carriers vary from asymptomatic to severe, generalized congenital weakness. The symptomatic female carriers typically have limb-girdle weakness, asymmetric muscle weakness and skeletal size, urinary incontinence, facial weakness, ptosis and ophthalmoplegia. Here we describe a Finnish family with two females with lower limb spasticity and hyperreflexia resembling spastic paraplegia, gait difficulties and asymmetric muscle weakness in the limbs. A whole exome sequencing identified a heterozygous pathogenic missense variant MTM1 c.1262G > A, p.(Arg421Gln) segregating in the family. The variant has previously been detected in male and female patients with XLMTM. Muscle biopsy of one of the females showed variation in the myofiber diameter, atrophic myofibers, central nuclei and necklace fibers consistent with a diagnosis of XLMTM. This report suggests association between spastic paraplegia and pathogenic MTM1 variants expanding the phenotypic spectrum potentially associated with XLMTM, but the possible association needs to be confirmed by additional cases.
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24
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Yarwood R, Hellicar J, Woodman PG, Lowe M. Membrane trafficking in health and disease. Dis Model Mech 2020; 13:13/4/dmm043448. [PMID: 32433026 PMCID: PMC7197876 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.043448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane trafficking pathways are essential for the viability and growth of cells, and play a major role in the interaction of cells with their environment. In this At a Glance article and accompanying poster, we outline the major cellular trafficking pathways and discuss how defects in the function of the molecular machinery that mediates this transport lead to various diseases in humans. We also briefly discuss possible therapeutic approaches that may be used in the future treatment of trafficking-based disorders. Summary: This At a Glance article and poster summarise the major intracellular membrane trafficking pathways and associated molecular machineries, and describe how defects in these give rise to disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Yarwood
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - John Hellicar
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Philip G Woodman
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Martin Lowe
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
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25
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Graham RJ, Ward E. X-linked myotubular myopathy and pulmonary blebs: Not just a muscle disorder. Muscle Nerve 2019; 60:E36-E38. [PMID: 31495930 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Graham
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Division of Critical Care, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Erin Ward
- MTM-CNM Family Connection, Inc, Methuen, Massachusetts
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26
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Bellio M, Caux M, Vauclard A, Chicanne G, Gratacap MP, Terrisse AD, Severin S, Payrastre B. Phosphatidylinositol 3 monophosphate metabolizing enzymes in blood platelet production and in thrombosis. Adv Biol Regul 2019; 75:100664. [PMID: 31604685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2019.100664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Blood platelets, produced by the fragmentation of megakaryocytes, play a key role in hemostasis and thrombosis. Being implicated in atherothrombosis and other thromboembolic disorders, they represent a major therapeutic target for antithrombotic drug development. Several recent studies have highlighted an important role for the lipid phosphatidylinositol 3 monophosphate (PtdIns3P) in megakaryocytes and platelets. PtdIns3P, present in small amounts in mammalian cells, is involved in the control of endocytic trafficking and autophagy. Its metabolism is finely regulated by specific kinases and phosphatases. Class II (α, β and γ) and III (Vps34) phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3Ks), INPP4 and Fig4 are involved in the production of PtdIns3P whereas PIKFyve, myotubularins (MTMs) and type II PIPK metabolize PtdIns3P. By regulating the turnover of different pools of PtdIns3P, class II (PI3KC2α) and class III (Vps34) PI3Ks have been recently involved in the regulation of platelet production and functions. These pools of PtdIns3P appear to modulate membrane organization and intracellular trafficking. Moreover, PIKFyve and INPP4 have been recently implicated in arterial thrombosis. In this review, we will discuss the role of PtdIns3P metabolizing enzymes in platelet production and function. Potential new anti-thrombotic therapeutic perspectives based on inhibitors targeting specifically PtdIns3P metabolizing enzymes will also be commented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Bellio
- Inserm U1048 and Université Paul Sabatier, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - Manuella Caux
- Inserm U1048 and Université Paul Sabatier, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - Alicia Vauclard
- Inserm U1048 and Université Paul Sabatier, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - Gaëtan Chicanne
- Inserm U1048 and Université Paul Sabatier, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Gratacap
- Inserm U1048 and Université Paul Sabatier, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne-Dominique Terrisse
- Inserm U1048 and Université Paul Sabatier, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - Sonia Severin
- Inserm U1048 and Université Paul Sabatier, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Payrastre
- Inserm U1048 and Université Paul Sabatier, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hopital Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
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27
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Funayama K, Shimizu H, Tanaka H, Kawachi I, Nishino I, Matsui K, Takahashi N, Koyama A, Katsuragi-Go R, Higuchi R, Aoyama T, Watanabe H, Kakita A, Takatsuka H. An autopsy case of peliosis hepatis with X-linked myotubular myopathy. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2019; 38:77-82. [PMID: 31030121 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This report describes the autopsy case of a 4-year-old boy who died from hepatic hemorrhage and rupture caused by peliosis hepatis with X-linked myotubular myopathy. Peliosis hepatis is characterized by multiple blood-filled cavities of various sizes in the liver, which occurs in chronic wasting disease or with the use of specific drugs. X-linked myotubular myopathy is one of the most serious types of congenital myopathies, in which an affected male infant typically presents with severe hypotonia and respiratory distress immediately after birth. Although each disorder is rare, 12 cases of pediatric peliosis hepatis associated with X-linked myotubular myopathy have been reported, including our case. Peliosis hepatis should be considered as a cause of hepatic hemorrhage despite its low incidence, and it requires adequate gross and histological investigation for correct diagnosis.
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MESH Headings
- Autopsy
- Child, Preschool
- Forensic Pathology
- Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging
- Hemorrhage/etiology
- Hemorrhage/pathology
- Humans
- Liver/diagnostic imaging
- Liver/pathology
- Liver Diseases/diagnostic imaging
- Liver Diseases/etiology
- Liver Diseases/pathology
- Male
- Myopathies, Structural, Congenital/complications
- Myopathies, Structural, Congenital/diagnostic imaging
- Myopathies, Structural, Congenital/pathology
- Peliosis Hepatis/complications
- Peliosis Hepatis/diagnostic imaging
- Peliosis Hepatis/pathology
- Rupture, Spontaneous/diagnostic imaging
- Rupture, Spontaneous/etiology
- Rupture, Spontaneous/pathology
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Funayama
- Division of Legal Medicine, Department of Community Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Center of Cause of Death Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimizu
- Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Izumi Kawachi
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kou Matsui
- Department of Pediatrics, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Naoya Takahashi
- Center of Cause of Death Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan; Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akihide Koyama
- Division of Legal Medicine, Department of Community Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Center of Cause of Death Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Rieka Katsuragi-Go
- Center of Cause of Death Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryoko Higuchi
- Division of Legal Medicine, Department of Community Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Aoyama
- Division of Legal Medicine, Department of Community Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiraku Watanabe
- Division of Legal Medicine, Department of Community Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kakita
- Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Takatsuka
- Division of Legal Medicine, Department of Community Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Center of Cause of Death Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
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28
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Abstract
The congenital myopathies form a large clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders. Currently mutations in at least 27 different genes have been reported to cause a congenital myopathy, but the number is expected to increase due to the accelerated use of next-generation sequencing methods. There is substantial overlap between the causative genes and the clinical and histopathologic features of the congenital myopathies. The mode of inheritance can be autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant or X-linked. Both dominant and recessive mutations in the same gene can cause a similar disease phenotype, and the same clinical phenotype can also be caused by mutations in different genes. Clear genotype-phenotype correlations are few and far between.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Pelin
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; The Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, and Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Carina Wallgren-Pettersson
- The Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, and Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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29
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Annoussamy M, Lilien C, Gidaro T, Gargaun E, Chê V, Schara U, Gangfuß A, D'Amico A, Dowling JJ, Darras BT, Daron A, Hernandez A, de Lattre C, Arnal JM, Mayer M, Cuisset JM, Vuillerot C, Fontaine S, Bellance R, Biancalana V, Buj-Bello A, Hogrel JY, Landy H, Servais L. X-linked myotubular myopathy: A prospective international natural history study. Neurology 2019; 92:e1852-e1867. [PMID: 30902907 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000007319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Because X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare neuromuscular disease caused by mutations in the MTM1 gene with a large phenotypic heterogeneity, to ensure clinical trial readiness, it was mandatory to better quantify disease burden and determine best outcome measures. METHODS We designed an international prospective and longitudinal natural history study in patients with XLMTM and assessed muscle strength and motor and respiratory functions over the first year of follow-up. The humoral immunity against adeno-associated virus serotype 8 was also monitored. RESULTS Forty-five male patients aged 3.5 months to 56.8 years were enrolled between May 2014 and May 2017. Thirteen patients had a mild phenotype (no ventilation support), 7 had an intermediate phenotype (ventilation support less than 12 hours a day), and 25 had a severe phenotype (ventilation support 12 or more hours a day). Most strength and motor function assessments could be performed even in very weak patients. Motor Function Measure 32 total score, grip and pinch strengths, and forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second of exhalation, and peak cough flow measures discriminated the 3 groups of patients. Disease history revealed motor milestone loss in several patients. Longitudinal data on 37 patients showed that the Motor Function Measure 32 total score significantly decreased by 2%. Of the 38 patients evaluated, anti-adeno-associated virus type 8 neutralizing activity was detected in 26% with 2 patients having an inhibitory titer >1:10. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm that XLMTM is slowly progressive for male survivors regardless of their phenotype and provide outcome validation and natural history data that can support clinical development in this population. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER NCT02057705.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Annoussamy
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Charlotte Lilien
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Teresa Gidaro
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Elena Gargaun
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Virginie Chê
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Ulrike Schara
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Andrea Gangfuß
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Adele D'Amico
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - James J Dowling
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Basil T Darras
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Aurore Daron
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Arturo Hernandez
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Capucine de Lattre
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Jean-Michel Arnal
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Michèle Mayer
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Jean-Marie Cuisset
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Carole Vuillerot
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Stéphanie Fontaine
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Rémi Bellance
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Valérie Biancalana
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Ana Buj-Bello
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Jean-Yves Hogrel
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Hal Landy
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA
| | - Laurent Servais
- From I-Motion (M.A., C.L., T.G., E.G., V.C., L.S.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Center (U.S., A.G.), University of Essen, Germany; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (A. D'Amico), Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology (J.J.D.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Boston Children's Hospital (B.T.D.), MA; Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire (A. Daron), CHR La Citadelle, Liège, Belgium; UCI Pediatrica (A.H.), Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Adulte (C.d.L.), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente (J.-M.A.), Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires d'Ile de France-Nord et Est (M.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris; Service de Neuropédiatrie Hôpital Roger Salengro (J.-M.C.), CHRU, Lille; Service de Rééducation Pédiatrique "L'Escale" (C.V., S.F.), Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU-Lyon, France; CeRCa (R.B.), Hôpital Pierre-Zobda-Quitman, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique (V.B.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Genethon (A.B.-B.), UMR S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Université Paris Saclay, Evry; Neuromuscular Investigation Center (J.-Y.H.), Institute of Myology, Paris, France; and Valerion Therapeutics (H.L.), Concord, MA.
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Lionello VM, Nicot AS, Sartori M, Kretz C, Kessler P, Buono S, Djerroud S, Messaddeq N, Koebel P, Prokic I, Hérault Y, Romero NB, Laporte J, Cowling BS. Amphiphysin 2 modulation rescues myotubular myopathy and prevents focal adhesion defects in mice. Sci Transl Med 2019; 11:11/484/eaav1866. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav1866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Centronuclear myopathies (CNMs) are severe diseases characterized by muscle weakness and myofiber atrophy. Currently, there are no approved treatments for these disorders. Mutations in the phosphoinositide 3-phosphatase myotubularin (MTM1) are responsible for X-linked CNM (XLCNM), also called myotubular myopathy, whereas mutations in the membrane remodeling Bin/amphiphysin/Rvs protein amphiphysin 2 [bridging integrator 1 (BIN1)] are responsible for an autosomal form of the disease. Here, we investigated the functional relationship between MTM1 and BIN1 in healthy skeletal muscle and in the physiopathology of CNM. Genetic overexpression of human BIN1 efficiently rescued the muscle weakness and life span in a mouse model of XLCNM. Exogenous human BIN1 expression with adeno-associated virus after birth also prevented the progression of the disease, suggesting that human BIN1 overexpression can compensate for the lack of MTM1 expression in this mouse model. Our results showed that MTM1 controls cell adhesion and integrin localization in mammalian muscle. Alterations in this pathway in Mtm1−/y mice were associated with defects in myofiber shape and size. BIN1 expression rescued integrin and laminin alterations and restored myofiber integrity, supporting the idea that MTM1 and BIN1 are functionally linked and necessary for focal adhesions in skeletal muscle. The results suggest that BIN1 modulation might be an effective strategy for treating XLCNM.
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Abstract
Polyphosphoinositides (PPIn) are essential signaling phospholipids that make remarkable contributions to the identity of all cellular membranes and signaling cascades in mammalian cells. They exert regulatory control over membrane homeostasis via selective interactions with cellular proteins at the membrane–cytoplasm interface. This review article briefly summarizes our current understanding of the key roles that PPIn play in orchestrating and regulating crucial electrical and chemical signaling events in mammalian neurons and the significant neuro-pathophysiological conditions that arise following alterations in their metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamonn James Dickson
- Department Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Penon M, Zahed H, Berger V, Su I, Shieh JT. Using exome sequencing to decipher family history in a healthy individual: Comparison of pathogenic and population MTM1 variants. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2018; 6:722-727. [PMID: 30047259 PMCID: PMC6160706 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background When a family encounters the loss of a child early in life, extensive genetic testing of the affected neonate is sometimes not performed or not possible. However, the increasing availability of genomic sequencing may allow for direct application to families in cases where there is a condition inherited from parental gene(s). When neonatal testing is not possible, it is feasible to perform family testing as long as there is optimal interpretation of the genomic information. Here, we present an example of a healthy adult woman with a history of recurrent male neonatal losses due to severe respiratory distress who presented to Medical Genetics for evaluation. A family history of additional male neonatal loss was present, suggesting a potential inherited genetic etiology. Methods Although there was no DNA available from the neonates, by performing exome sequencing on the healthy adult woman, we found a missense variant in MTM1 as a potential candidate, which was deemed pathogenic based on multiple criteria including past report. Results By performing an analysis of all known MTM1‐disease associated mutations and control population variation, we can also better infer the effects of missense variations on MTM1, as not all variants are truncating. MTM1‐X‐linked myotubular myopathy is a condition that leads to male perinatal respiratory failure and a high risk for early mortality. Conclusions The application of genetic testing in the healthy population here highlights the broader utility of genomic sequencing in evaluating unexplained recurrent neonatal loss, especially when genetic testing is not available on the affected neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Penon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Hengameh Zahed
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Victoria Berger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Irene Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Joseph T Shieh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To construct a framework to understand the different molecular interventions for muscular dystrophy. RECENT FINDINGS The recent approval of antisense oligonucleotides treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy and spinal muscular atrophy and current clinical trials using recombinant adeno-associated virus for the treatment of those diseases suggests that we are at a tipping point where we are able to treat and potentially cure muscular dystrophies. Understanding the basic molecular pathogenesis of muscular dystrophies and the molecular biology of the treatment allows for critical evaluation of the proposed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Y Lin
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Box 356465, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195-6465, USA
| | - Leo H Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Box 356465, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195-6465, USA.
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Zanoteli E. Centronuclear myopathy: advances in genetic understanding and potential for future treatments. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2018.1480366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edmar Zanoteli
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Inoue K, Kumada T, Hiejima I, Fujii T. Successful use of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in a patient with the severe form of X-linked myotubular myopathy. Brain Dev 2018; 40:421-424. [PMID: 29343419 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The severity of X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) ranges from mild to severe, depending on the level of ventilatory support required. Patients with the severe form of XLMTM usually die within the first year of life due to respiratory failure. Most survivors need tracheostomies, and there has only been one report about the use of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) in patients with the severe form of XLMTM because of the severity of the associated respiratory failure. We successfully applied NPPV with high-span positive inspiratory pressure (PIP) in a patient with the severe form of XLMTM, who also had secondary pectus excavatum. About a year after the initiation of NPPV with high-span PIP, the patient's pectus excavatum had improved. As the patient's pectus excavatum improved, his respiratory disturbance was ameliorated, and the frequency of respiratory infections gradually decreased. NPPV might be the first-choice respiratory management strategy for patients with XLMTM.
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Thomas JD, Oliveira R, Sznajder ŁJ, Swanson MS. Myotonic Dystrophy and Developmental Regulation of RNA Processing. Compr Physiol 2018; 8:509-553. [PMID: 29687899 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c170002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a multisystemic disorder caused by microsatellite expansion mutations in two unrelated genes leading to similar, yet distinct, diseases. DM disease presentation is highly variable and distinguished by differences in age-of-onset and symptom severity. In the most severe form, DM presents with congenital onset and profound developmental defects. At the molecular level, DM pathogenesis is characterized by a toxic RNA gain-of-function mechanism that involves the transcription of noncoding microsatellite expansions. These mutant RNAs disrupt key cellular pathways, including RNA processing, localization, and translation. In DM, these toxic RNA effects are predominantly mediated through the modulation of the muscleblind-like and CUGBP and ETR-3-like factor families of RNA binding proteins (RBPs). Dysfunction of these RBPs results in widespread RNA processing defects culminating in the expression of developmentally inappropriate protein isoforms in adult tissues. The tissue that is the focus of this review, skeletal muscle, is particularly sensitive to mutant RNA-responsive perturbations, as patients display a variety of developmental, structural, and functional defects in muscle. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of DM1 and DM2 clinical presentation and pathology as well as the underlying cellular and molecular defects associated with DM disease onset and progression. Additionally, fundamental aspects of skeletal muscle development altered in DM are highlighted together with ongoing and potential therapeutic avenues to treat this muscular dystrophy. © 2018 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 8:509-553, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Thomas
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ruan Oliveira
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Łukasz J Sznajder
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Maurice S Swanson
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Single Intramuscular Injection of AAV-shRNA Reduces DNM2 and Prevents Myotubular Myopathy in Mice. Mol Ther 2018; 26:1082-1092. [PMID: 29506908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotubular myopathy, or X-linked centronuclear myopathy, is a severe muscle disorder representing a significant burden for patients and their families. It is clinically characterized by neonatal and severe muscle weakness and atrophy. Mutations in the myotubularin (MTM1) gene cause myotubular myopathy, and no specific curative treatment is available. We previously found that dynamin 2 (DNM2) is upregulated in both Mtm1 knockout and patient muscle samples, whereas its reduction through antisense oligonucleotides rescues the clinical and histopathological features of this myopathy in mice. Here, we propose a novel approach targeting Dnm2 mRNA. We screened and validated in vitro and in vivo several short hairpin RNA (shRNA) sequences that efficiently target Dnm2 mRNA. A single intramuscular injection of AAV-shDnm2 resulted in long-term reduction of DNM2 protein level and restored muscle force, mass, histology, and myofiber ultrastructure and prevented molecular defects linked to the disease. Our results demonstrate a robust DNM2 knockdown and provide an alternative strategy based on reduction of DNM2 to treat myotubular myopathy.
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Felice KJ, Whitaker CH, Wu Q. Whole exome sequencing discloses a pathogenic MTM1 gene mutation and ends the diagnostic odyssey in an older woman with a progressive and seemingly sporadic myopathy: Case report and literature review of MTM1 manifesting female carriers. Neuromuscul Disord 2018; 28:339-345. [PMID: 29567349 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We report the case of a 58-year-old woman with a progressive and seemingly sporadic myopathy who, later through whole exome sequencing, was diagnosed as a manifesting carrier of a myotubularin 1 gene mutation (c.342_342 + 4delAGTAA). As the case was a diagnostic challenge for 7 years, we thought it would be helpful to report the patient and review the other 25 cases thus far described. The manifesting carrier state is a rare cause for myopathic weakness in a female but should be strongly considered in kindreds with known affected males with myotubularin 1 gene mutations, and families with history of gestational polyhydramnios or male infantile death. Although the clinical phenotype is quite variable, the findings of ptosis, ophthalmoparesis, facial weakness, and asymmetrical limb involvement should raise the suspicion of the manifesting carrier state. Necklace fibers appear to be a highly sensitive and specific pathologic finding in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Felice
- Muscular Dystrophy Association Care Center, Department of Neuromuscular Medicine, Hospital for Special Care, New Britain, Connecticut, USA.
| | - Charles H Whitaker
- Muscular Dystrophy Association Care Center, Department of Neuromuscular Medicine, Hospital for Special Care, New Britain, Connecticut, USA
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Raess MA, Cowling BS, Bertazzi DL, Kretz C, Rinaldi B, Xuereb JM, Kessler P, Romero NB, Payrastre B, Friant S, Laporte J. Expression of the neuropathy-associated MTMR2 gene rescues MTM1-associated myopathy. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 26:3736-3748. [PMID: 28934386 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Myotubularins (MTMs) are active or dead phosphoinositides phosphatases defining a large protein family conserved through evolution and implicated in different neuromuscular diseases. Loss-of-function mutations in MTM1 cause the severe congenital myopathy called myotubular myopathy (or X-linked centronuclear myopathy) while mutations in the MTM1-related protein MTMR2 cause a recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth peripheral neuropathy. Here we aimed to determine the functional specificity and redundancy of MTM1 and MTMR2, and to assess their abilities to compensate for a potential therapeutic strategy. Using molecular investigations and heterologous expression of human MTMs in yeast cells and in Mtm1 knockout mice, we characterized several naturally occurring MTMR2 isoforms with different activities. We identified the N-terminal domain as responsible for functional differences between MTM1 and MTMR2. An N-terminal extension observed in MTMR2 is absent in MTM1, and only the short MTMR2 isoform lacking this N-terminal extension behaved similarly to MTM1 in yeast and mice. Moreover, adeno-associated virus-mediated exogenous expression of several MTMR2 isoforms ameliorates the myopathic phenotype owing to MTM1 loss, with increased muscle force, reduced myofiber atrophy, and reduction of the intracellular disorganization hallmarks associated with myotubular myopathy. Noteworthy, the short MTMR2 isoform provided a better rescue when compared with the long MTMR2 isoform. In conclusion, these results point to the molecular basis for MTMs functional specificity. They also provide the proof-of-concept that expression of the neuropathy-associated MTMR2 gene improves the MTM1-associated myopathy, thus identifying MTMR2 as a novel therapeutic target for myotubular myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu A Raess
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,INSERM U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Genetics, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR7156, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Belinda S Cowling
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,INSERM U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Dimitri L Bertazzi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Genetics, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR7156, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christine Kretz
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,INSERM U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Bruno Rinaldi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Genetics, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR7156, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Marie Xuereb
- INSERM U1048 and Université Toulouse 3, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Kessler
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,INSERM U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Norma B Romero
- INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University, 75013 Paris, France.,Unit of Neuromuscular Morphology, Institute of Myology.,Reference Center for Neuromuscular Pathology Paris-East, Institute of Myology, Public Hospital Network of Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Bernard Payrastre
- INSERM U1048 and Université Toulouse 3, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), 31432 Toulouse, France.,CHU de Toulouse, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Sylvie Friant
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Genetics, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR7156, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jocelyn Laporte
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,INSERM U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
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40
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Beggs AH, Byrne BJ, De Chastonay S, Haselkorn T, Hughes I, James ES, Kuntz NL, Simon J, Swanson LC, Yang ML, Yu ZF, Yum SW, Prasad S. A multicenter, retrospective medical record review of X-linked myotubular myopathy: The recensus study. Muscle Nerve 2017; 57:550-560. [PMID: 29149770 PMCID: PMC5900738 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: X‐linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM), characterized by severe hypotonia, weakness, respiratory distress, and early mortality, is rare and natural history studies are few. Methods: RECENSUS is a multicenter chart review of male XLMTM patients characterizing disease burden and unmet medical needs. Data were collected between September 2014 and June 2016. Results: Analysis included 112 patients at six clinical sites. Most recent patient age recorded was ≤18 months for 40 patients and >18 months for 72 patients. Mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 3.7 (3.7) months and 54.3 (77.1) months, respectively. Mortality was 44% (64% ≤18 months; 32% >18 months). Premature delivery occurred in 34/110 (31%) births. Nearly all patients (90%) required respiratory support at birth. In the first year of life, patients underwent an average of 3.7 surgeries and spent 35% of the year in the hospital. Discussion: XLMTM is associated with high mortality, disease burden, and healthcare utilization. Muscle Nerve57: 550–560, 2018
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan H Beggs
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Barry J Byrne
- Children's Research Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Imelda Hughes
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Emma S James
- Audentes Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nancy L Kuntz
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Lindsay C Swanson
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Zi-Fan Yu
- Statistics Collaborative, Washington, DC
| | - Sabrina W Yum
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Suyash Prasad
- Audentes Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
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41
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Affected female carriers of MTM1 mutations display a wide spectrum of clinical and pathological involvement: delineating diagnostic clues. Acta Neuropathol 2017; 134:889-904. [PMID: 28685322 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1748-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM), a severe congenital myopathy, is caused by mutations in the MTM1 gene located on the X chromosome. A majority of affected males die in the early postnatal period, whereas female carriers are believed to be usually asymptomatic. Nevertheless, several affected females have been reported. To assess the phenotypic and pathological spectra of carrier females and to delineate diagnostic clues, we characterized 17 new unrelated affected females and performed a detailed comparison with previously reported cases at the clinical, muscle imaging, histological, ultrastructural and molecular levels. Taken together, the analysis of this large cohort of 43 cases highlights a wide spectrum of clinical severity ranging from severe neonatal and generalized weakness, similar to XLMTM male, to milder adult forms. Several females show a decline in respiratory function. Asymmetric weakness is a noteworthy frequent specific feature potentially correlated to an increased prevalence of highly skewed X inactivation. Asymmetry of growth was also noted. Other diagnostic clues include facial weakness, ptosis and ophthalmoplegia, skeletal and joint abnormalities, and histopathological signs that are hallmarks of centronuclear myopathy such as centralized nuclei and necklace fibers. The histopathological findings also demonstrate a general disorganization of muscle structure in addition to these specific hallmarks. Thus, MTM1 mutations in carrier females define a specific myopathy, which may be independent of the presence of an XLMTM male in the family. As several of the reported affected females carry large heterozygous MTM1 deletions not detectable by Sanger sequencing, and as milder phenotypes present as adult-onset limb-girdle myopathy, the prevalence of this myopathy is likely to be greatly underestimated. This report should aid diagnosis and thus the clinical management and genetic counseling of MTM1 carrier females. Furthermore, the clinical and pathological history of this cohort may be useful for therapeutic projects in males with XLMTM, as it illustrates the spectrum of possible evolution of the disease in patients surviving long term.
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42
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Bachmann C, Jungbluth H, Muntoni F, Manzur AY, Zorzato F, Treves S. Cellular, biochemical and molecular changes in muscles from patients with X-linked myotubular myopathy due to MTM1 mutations. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:320-332. [PMID: 28007904 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Centronuclear myopathies are early-onset muscle diseases caused by mutations in several genes including MTM1, DNM2, BIN1, RYR1 and TTN. The most severe and often fatal X-linked form of myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the ubiquitous lipid phosphatase myotubularin, an enzyme specifically dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate. Because XLMTM patients have a predominantly muscle-specific phenotype a number of pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed, including a direct effect of the accumulated lipid on the skeletal muscle calcium channel ryanodine receptor 1, a negative effect on the structure of intracellular organelles and defective autophagy. Animal models knocked out for MTM1 show severe reduction of ryanodine receptor 1 mediated calcium release but, since knocking out genes in animal models does not necessarily replicate the human phenotype, we considered it important to study directly the effect of MTM1 mutations on patient muscle cells. The results of the present study show that at the level of myotubes MTM1 mutations do not dramatically affect calcium homeostasis and calcium release mediated through the ryanodine receptor 1, though they do affect myotube size and nuclear content. On the other hand, mature muscles such as those obtained from patient muscle biopsies exhibit a significant decrease in expression of the ryanodine receptor 1, a decrease in muscle-specific microRNAs and a considerable up-regulation of histone deacetylase-4. We hypothesize that the latter events consequent to the primary genetic mutation, are the cause of the severe decrease in muscle strength that characterizes these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bachmann
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel University, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Neuromuscular Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.,Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.,Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signalling Section, King's College, London, UK
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Adnan Y Manzur
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Francesco Zorzato
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel University, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Life Sciences, General Pathology section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Susan Treves
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel University, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Life Sciences, General Pathology section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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43
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Lazo JS, McQueeney KE, Sharlow ER. New Approaches to Difficult Drug Targets: The Phosphatase Story. SLAS DISCOVERY 2017; 22:1071-1083. [DOI: 10.1177/2472555217721142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The drug discovery landscape is littered with promising therapeutic targets that have been abandoned because of insufficient validation, historical screening failures, and inferior chemotypes. Molecular targets once labeled as “undruggable” or “intractable” are now being more carefully interrogated, and while they remain challenging, many target classes are appearing more approachable. Protein tyrosine phosphatases represent an excellent example of a category of molecular targets that have emerged as druggable, with several small molecules and antibodies recently becoming available for further development. In this review, we examine some of the diseases that are associated with protein tyrosine phosphatase dysfunction and use some prototype contemporary strategies to illustrate approaches that are being used to identify small molecules targeting this enzyme class.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S. Lazo
- Department of Pharmacology, Fiske Drug Discovery Laboratory, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kelley E. McQueeney
- Department of Pharmacology, Fiske Drug Discovery Laboratory, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Elizabeth R. Sharlow
- Department of Pharmacology, Fiske Drug Discovery Laboratory, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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44
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Park HJ, Jang H, Kim JH, Lee JH, Shin HY, Kim SM, Park KD, Yim SV, Lee JH, Choi YC. Discovery of pathogenic variants in a large Korean cohort of inherited muscular disorders. Clin Genet 2016; 91:403-410. [PMID: 27363342 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inherited muscular disorders (IMDs) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous genetic disorders. We investigated the mutational spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations in Korean patients with IMD. We developed a targeted panel of 69 known IMD genes and recruited a total of 209 Korean patients with IMD. Targeted capture sequencing identified 994 different variants. Among them, 98 variants were classified as pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants; 38 were novel variations. A total of 39 patients had the pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants. Among them, 75 (36%) patients were genetically confirmed, and 18 (9%) patients had one heterozygous variant of recessive myopathy. However, two genetically confirmed patients had an additional heterozygous variant of another recessive myopathy. Four patients with one heterozygous variant of a recessive myopathy showed different phenotypes, compared with the known phenotype of the identified gene. The major causative genes of Korean patients with IMDs were DMD (19 patients), COL6A1 (9), DYSF (9), GNE (7), LMNA (7), CAPN3 (6), and RYR1 (5). This study showed the mutational and clinical spectra in Korean patients with IMD and confirmed the usefulness of strategies utilizing targeted sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Park
- Department of Neurology, Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Y Shin
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S M Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K D Park
- Department of Neurology, Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-V Yim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-C Choi
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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45
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Mansour R, Severin S, Xuereb JM, Gratacap MP, Laporte J, Buj-Bello A, Tronchère H, Payrastre B. Expression of myotubularins in blood platelets: Characterization and potential diagnostic of X-linked myotubular myopathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 476:167-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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46
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Massalska D, Zimowski JG, Bijok J, Kucińska-Chahwan A, Łusakowska A, Jakiel G, Roszkowski T. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital myopathies and muscular dystrophies. Clin Genet 2016; 90:199-210. [PMID: 27197572 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Congenital myopathies and muscular dystrophies constitute a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous group of rare inherited diseases characterized by muscle weakness and atrophy, motor delay and respiratory insufficiency. To date, curative care is not available for these diseases, which may severely affect both life-span and quality of life. We discuss prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling for families at risk, as well as diagnostic possibilities in sporadic cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Massalska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J G Zimowski
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Bijok
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Kucińska-Chahwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Łusakowska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - G Jakiel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Roszkowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
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47
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Abath Neto O, Silva MRE, Martins CDA, Oliveira ADSB, Reed UC, Biancalana V, Pesquero JB, Laporte J, Zanoteli E. A Study of a Cohort of X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy at the Clinical, Histologic, and Genetic Levels. Pediatr Neurol 2016; 58:107-12. [PMID: 26995067 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2016.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myotubular myopathy is a rare X-linked congenital myopathy characterized by marked neonatal hypotonia and respiratory insufficiency, facial and ocular involvement, and muscle biopsy with prominent central nuclei in the majority of muscle fibers. It is caused by mutations in MTM1, which codes for the phosphoinositides phosphatase myotubularin. In this work, we established and detailed a new cohort of six patients at the clinical, histologic, and genetic levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were recruited after screening 3065 muscle biopsy reports from two large biopsy banks in Sao Paulo, Brazil from the years 2008 to 2013, and from referrals to a neuromuscular outpatient clinic between 2011 and 2013. We reviewed biopsy slides, evaluated patients, and Sanger sequenced MTM1 in the families. RESULTS All patients but one had classic phenotypes with a stable course after a severe onset. Two patients died suddenly from hypovolemic shock. Muscle biopsies had been performed in five patients, all of whom showed a classic pattern with a predominance of centrally located nuclei and increased oxidative activity in the center of the fibers. Two patients showed necklace fibers, and two families had novel truncating mutations in MTM1. CONCLUSIONS X-linked myotubular myopathy is rare in the Brazilian population. Necklace fibers might be more prevalent in this condition than previously reported. Direct Sanger sequencing of MTM1 on clinical suspicion avoids the need of a muscle biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osorio Abath Neto
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Acary de Souza Bulle Oliveira
- Setor de Doenças Neuromusculares, Departamento de Neurologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Umbertina Conti Reed
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valérie Biancalana
- Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique, Nouvel Hopital Civil, Strasbourg, France; Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, IGBMC, INSERM U964, CNRS UMR7104, University of Strasbourg, Collège de France, Illkirch, France
| | - João Bosco Pesquero
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jocelyn Laporte
- Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, IGBMC, INSERM U964, CNRS UMR7104, University of Strasbourg, Collège de France, Illkirch, France
| | - Edmar Zanoteli
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil.
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Mercier L, Böhm J, Fekonja N, Allio G, Lutz Y, Koch M, Goetz JG, Laporte J. In vivo imaging of skeletal muscle in mice highlights muscle defects in a model of myotubular myopathy. INTRAVITAL 2016; 5:e1168553. [PMID: 28243519 DOI: 10.1080/21659087.2016.1168553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle structure and function are altered in different myopathies. However, the understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms mainly rely on in vitro and ex vivo investigations in mammalian models. In order to monitor in vivo the intracellular structure of the neuromuscular system in its environment under normal and pathological conditions, we set-up and validated non-invasive imaging of ear and leg muscles in mice. This original approach allows simultaneous imaging of different cellular and intracellular structures such as neuromuscular junctions and sarcomeres, reconstruction of the 3D architecture of the neuromuscular system, and video recording of dynamic events such as spontaneous muscle fiber contraction. Second harmonic generation was combined with vital dyes and fluorescent-coupled molecules. Skin pigmentation, although limiting, did not prevent intravital imaging. Using this versatile toolbox on the Mtm1 knockout mouse, a model for myotubular myopathy which is a severe congenital myopathy in human, we identified several hallmarks of the disease such as defects in fiber size and neuromuscular junction shape. Intravital imaging of the neuromuscular system paves the way for the follow-up of disease progression or/and disease amelioration upon therapeutic tests. It has also the potential to reduce the number of animals needed to reach scientific conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Mercier
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, France; Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Johann Böhm
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Collège de France, Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Illkirch, France
| | - Nina Fekonja
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, France; LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Guillaume Allio
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, France; LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Yves Lutz
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France
| | - Marc Koch
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France
| | - Jacky G Goetz
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, France; LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Jocelyn Laporte
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Collège de France, Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Illkirch, France
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49
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Bong SM, Son KB, Yang SW, Park JW, Cho JW, Kim KT, Kim H, Kim SJ, Kim YJ, Lee BI. Crystal Structure of Human Myotubularin-Related Protein 1 Provides Insight into the Structural Basis of Substrate Specificity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152611. [PMID: 27018598 PMCID: PMC4809516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myotubularin-related protein 1 (MTMR1) is a phosphatase that belongs to the tyrosine/dual-specificity phosphatase superfamily. MTMR1 has been shown to use phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (PI(3)P) and/or phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) as substrates. Here, we determined the crystal structure of human MTMR1. The refined model consists of the Pleckstrin homology (PH)-GRAM and phosphatase (PTP) domains. The overall structure was highly similar to the previously reported MTMR2 structure. Interestingly, two phosphate molecules were coordinated by strictly conserved residues located in the C(X)5R motif of the active site. Additionally, our biochemical studies confirmed the substrate specificity of MTMR1 for PI(3)P and PI(3,5)P2 over other phosphatidylinositol phosphates. Our structural and enzymatic analyses provide insight into the catalytic mechanism and biochemical properties of MTMR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoung Min Bong
- Research institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Kka-bi Son
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Won Yang
- Research institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Park
- Research institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Jea-Won Cho
- Research institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Kim
- Research institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Hackyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jun Kim
- Medical Proteomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (YJK); (BIL)
| | - Byung Il Lee
- Research institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi 10408, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (YJK); (BIL)
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Savarese M, Musumeci O, Giugliano T, Rubegni A, Fiorillo C, Fattori F, Torella A, Battini R, Rodolico C, Pugliese A, Piluso G, Maggi L, D'Amico A, Bruno C, Bertini E, Santorelli FM, Mora M, Toscano A, Minetti C, Nigro V. Novel findings associated with MTM1 suggest a higher number of female symptomatic carriers. Neuromuscul Disord 2016; 26:292-9. [PMID: 27017278 PMCID: PMC4862961 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
504 myopathic patients have been screened for MTM1 variants by NGS and CGH array approaches. Seven novel XLMTM patients and the fifth case of a large Xq28 deletion have been identified. The identification of two sporadic manifesting female carriers suggests that their number may be underestimated. Large NGS panels, including the MTM1 gene, are useful tools to identify sporadic female XLMTM patients. The identification of MTM1 variants, also as incidental findings, complicates genetic counseling.
Mutations in the MTM1 gene cause X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM), characterized by neonatal hypotonia and respiratory failure, and are responsible for a premature mortality in affected males. Female carriers are usually asymptomatic but they may present with muscular weakness because of a hypothesized skewed pattern of X-chromosome inactivation. By combining next generation sequencing (NGS) and CGH array approaches, we have investigated the role of MTM1 variants in a large cohort of undiagnosed patients with a wide spectrum of myopathies. Seven novel XLMTM patients have been identified, including two girls with an unremarkable family history for myotubular myopathy. Moreover, we have detected and finely mapped a large deletion causing a myotubular myopathy with abnormal genital development. Our data confirm that the severe neonatal onset of the disease in male infants is sufficient to address the direct molecular testing toward the MTM1 gene and, above all, suggest that the number of undiagnosed symptomatic female carriers is probably underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Savarese
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy; Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Olimpia Musumeci
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Teresa Giugliano
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy; Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Annalaura Torella
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy; Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | | | - Carmelo Rodolico
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Piluso
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Istituto Besta, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Bruno
- Center of Myology and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Marina Mora
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Istituto Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Toscano
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Carlo Minetti
- Center of Myology and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy; Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.
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