1
|
Leichtle F, Betzler AC, Eizenberger C, Lesakova K, Ezić J, Drees R, Greve J, Schuler PJ, Laban S, Hoffmann TK, Cordes N, Lavitrano M, Grassilli E, Brunner C. Influence of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Processes and Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) Enrichment in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13133. [PMID: 37685940 PMCID: PMC10487612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Constitutively active kinases play a crucial role in carcinogenesis, and their inhibition is a common target for molecular tumor therapy. We recently discovered the expression of two oncogenic isoforms of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), Btk-p80 and BTK-p65. However, the precise role of BTK in HNSCC remains unclear. Analyses of a tissue microarray containing benign and malignant as well as inflammatory tissue samples of the head and neck region revealed the preferential expression of BTK-p80 in malignant tissue, whereas BTK-p65 expression was confirmed in over 80% of analyzed metastatic head and neck tumor cases. Therefore, processes associated with metastasis, like cancer stem cell (CSC) enrichment and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which in turn depend on an appropriate cytokine milieu, were analyzed. Treatment of HNSCC-derived cell lines cultured under 3D conditions with the BTK inhibitor AVL-292 caused reduced sphere formation, which was accompanied by reduced numbers of ALDH1A1+ CSCs as well as biological changes associated with the EMT. Moreover, we observed reduced NF-κB expression as well as altered NF-κB dependent pro-tumorigenic and EMT-associated cytokine release of IL-6, IFNγ, and TNFα when BTK activity was dampened. Therefore, an autocrine regulation of the oncogenic BTK-dependent process in HNSCC can be suggested, with BTK inhibition expected to be an effective treatment option for HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Leichtle
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Annika C. Betzler
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
- Core Facility Immune Monitoring, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Carlotta Eizenberger
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Kristina Lesakova
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Jasmin Ezić
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Robert Drees
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Jens Greve
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Patrick J. Schuler
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Simon Laban
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Thomas K. Hoffmann
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Nils Cordes
- OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marialuisa Lavitrano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Emanuela Grassilli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Cornelia Brunner
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
- Core Facility Immune Monitoring, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bai LY, Wu KLH, Chiu CF, Chao HC, Lin WY, Hu JL, Peng BR, Weng JR. Extract of Ficus septica modulates apoptosis and migration in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:666-675. [PMID: 36436203 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
According to the alarming statistical analysis of global cancer, there are over 19 million new diagnoses and more than 10 million deaths each year. One such cancer is the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which requires new therapeutic strategies. Ficus septica extract has been used in traditional medicine to treat infectious diseases. In this study, we examined the anti-proliferative effects of an extract of F. septica bark (FSB) in OSCC cells. Our results showed that FSB caused a concentration-dependent reduction in the viability of SCC2095 OSCC cells, as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays, and was less sensitive to fibroblasts. In addition, FSB induced apoptosis by activating caspases, accompanied by the modulation of Akt/mTOR/NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Moreover, FSB increased reactive oxygen species generation in a concentration-dependent manner in SCC2095 cells. Furthermore, FSB inhibited cell migration and modulated the levels of the cell adhesion molecules including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Snail in SCC2095 cells. Pinoresinol, a lignan isolated from FSB, showed antitumor effects in SCC2095 cells, implying that this compound might play an important role in FSB-induced OSCC cell death. Taken together, FSB is a potential anti-tumor agent against OSCC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yuan Bai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kay Li-Hui Wu
- Institute of Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Fang Chiu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Chu Chao
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Kinmen Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Kinmen, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Lan Hu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Rong Peng
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ru Weng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fanourakis G, Kyrodimos E, Papanikolaou V, Chrysovergis A, Kafiri G, Papanikolaou N, Verykokakis M, Tosios K, Vastardis H. APOBEC3B Is Co-Expressed with PKCα/NF-κB in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13030569. [PMID: 36766673 PMCID: PMC9914863 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13030569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzymatic activity of APOBEC3B (A3B) has been implicated as a prime source of mutagenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The expression of Protein Kinase C α (PKCα) and Nuclear Factor-κΒ p65 (NF-κΒ p65) has been linked to the activation of the classical and the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways, respectively, both of which have been shown to lead to the upregulation of A3B. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of PKCα, NF-κΒ p65 and A3B in non-HPV related oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), by means of immunohistochemistry and in silico methods. PKCα was expressed in 29/36 (80%) cases of oral and oropharyngeal SCCs, with 25 (69%) cases showing a PKCα+/A3B+ phenotype and only 6/36 (17%) cases showing a PKCα-/A3B+ phenotype. Εxpression of NF-κB p65 was seen in 33/35 (94%) cases of oral and oropharyngeal SCCs, with 30/35 (86%) cases showing an NF-κB p65+/A3B+ phenotype and only 2/35 (6%) cases showing an NF-κB p65-/A3B+ phenotype. In addition, mRNA expression analysis, using the UALCAN database, revealed strong expression of all three genes. These findings indicate that the expression of A3B is associated with PKCα/NF-κB p65 expression and suggest a potential role for the PKC/NF-κB signaling pathway in the development of oral and oropharyngeal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galinos Fanourakis
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str., 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1st ENT Department, Hippokration Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 114 Vasilissis Sophias Ave., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Papanikolaou
- 1st ENT Department, Hippokration Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 114 Vasilissis Sophias Ave., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Chrysovergis
- 1st ENT Department, Hippokration Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 114 Vasilissis Sophias Ave., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Kafiri
- Department of Pathology, Hippokration Hospital, 114 Vasilissis Sophias Ave., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Papanikolaou
- EnzyQuest PC, Science and Technology Park of Crete, 100 Nikolaou Plastira Str., Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Mihalis Verykokakis
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, BSRC Alexander Fleming, 34 Fleming Str., 16672 Vari, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Tosios
- Department of Oral Pathology, Medicine and Hospital Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Heleni Vastardis
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str., 11527 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dong J, Li J, Li Y, Ma Z, Yu Y, Wang CY. Transcriptional super-enhancers control cancer stemness and metastasis genes in squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3974. [PMID: 34172737 PMCID: PMC8233332 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24137-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a critical role in invasive growth and metastasis of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Although significant progress has been made in understanding the self-renewal and pro-tumorigenic potentials of CSCs, a key challenge remains on how to eliminate CSCs and halt metastasis effectively. Here we show that super-enhancers (SEs) play a critical role in the transcription of cancer stemness genes as well as pro-metastatic genes, thereby controlling their tumorigenic potential and metastasis. Mechanistically, we find that bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) recruits Mediators and NF-κB p65 to form SEs at cancer stemness genes such as TP63, MET and FOSL1, in addition to oncogenic transcripts. In vivo lineage tracing reveals that disrupting SEs by BET inhibitors potently inhibited CSC self-renewal and eliminated CSCs in addition to elimination of proliferating non-stem tumor cells in a mouse model of HNSCC. Moreover, disrupting SEs also inhibits the invasive growth and lymph node metastasis of human CSCs isolated from human HNSCC. Taken together, our results suggest that targeting SEs may serve as an effective therapy for HNSCC by eliminating CSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqiang Dong
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Richmond, VA, USA.
| | - Yang Li
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhikun Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Yongxin Yu
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cun-Yu Wang
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Retroactivity induced operating regime transition in an enzymatic futile cycle. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250830. [PMID: 33930059 PMCID: PMC8087108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated phosphorylation-dephosphorylation biochemical reaction cycles are a class of enzymatic futile cycles. A futile cycle such as a single MAPK cascade governed by two underlying enzymatic reactions permits Hyperbolic (H), Signal transducing (ST), Threshold-hyperbolic (TH) and Ultrasensitive (U) operating regimes that characterize input-output behaviour. Retroactive signalling caused by load due to sequestration of phosphorylated or unphosphorylated form of the substrate in a single enzymatic cascade without explicit feedback can introduce two-way communication, a feature not possible otherwise. We systematically characterize the operating regimes of a futile cycle subject to retroactivity in either of the substrate forms. We demonstrate that increasing retroactivity strength, which quantifies the downstream load, can trigger five possible regime transitions. Retroactivity strength is a reflection of the fraction of the substrate sequestered by its downstream target. Remarkably, the minimum required retroactivity strength to evidence any sequestration triggered regime transition demands 23% of the substrate bound to its downstream target. This minimum retroactivity strength corresponds to the transition of the dose-response curve from ST to H regime. We show that modulation of the saturation and unsaturation levels of the enzymatic reactions by retroactivity is the fundamental mechanism governing operating regime transition.
Collapse
|
6
|
Aggarwal N, Yadav J, Thakur K, Bibban R, Chhokar A, Tripathi T, Bhat A, Singh T, Jadli M, Singh U, Kashyap MK, Bharti AC. Human Papillomavirus Infection in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Transcriptional Triggers and Changed Disease Patterns. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020. [PMID: 33344262 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.537650,] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous group of cancers. Collectively, HNSCC ranks sixth in incidence rate worldwide. Apart from classical risk factors like tobacco and alcohol, infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) is emerging as a discrete risk factor for HNSCC. HPV-positive HNSCC represent a distinct group of diseases that differ in their clinical presentation. These lesions are well-differentiated, occur at an early age, and have better prognosis. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a specific increase in the proportions of the HPV-positive HNSCC. HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC lesions display different disease progression and clinical response. For tumorigenic-transformation, HPV essentially requires a permissive cellular environment and host cell factors for induction of viral transcription. As the spectrum of host factors is independent of HPV infection at the time of viral entry, presumably entry of HPV only selects host cells that are permissive to establishment of HPV infection. Growing evidence suggest that HPV plays a more active role in a subset of HNSCC, where they are transcriptionally-active. A variety of factors provide a favorable environment for HPV to become transcriptionally-active. The most notable are the set of transcription factors that have direct binding sites on the viral genome. As HPV does not have its own transcription machinery, it is fully dependent on host transcription factors to complete the life cycle. Here, we review and evaluate the current evidence on level of a subset of host transcription factors that influence viral genome, directly or indirectly, in HNSCC. Since many of these transcription factors can independently promote carcinogenesis, the composition of HPV permissive transcription factors in a tumor can serve as a surrogate marker of a separate molecularly-distinct class of HNSCC lesions including those cases, where HPV could not get a chance to infect but may manifest better prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rakhi Bibban
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Bhat
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Mohit Jadli
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ujala Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Manoj K Kashyap
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.,Amity Medical School, Stem Cell Institute, Amity University Haryana, Amity Education Valley Panchgaon, Gurugram, India
| | - Alok C Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Brennan A, Leech JT, Kad NM, Mason JM. Selective antagonism of cJun for cancer therapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:184. [PMID: 32917236 PMCID: PMC7488417 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01686-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The activator protein-1 (AP-1) family of transcription factors modulate a diverse range of cellular signalling pathways into outputs which can be oncogenic or anti-oncogenic. The transcription of relevant genes is controlled by the cellular context, and in particular by the dimeric composition of AP-1. Here, we describe the evidence linking cJun in particular to a range of cancers. This includes correlative studies of protein levels in patient tumour samples and mechanistic understanding of the role of cJun in cancer cell models. This develops an understanding of cJun as a focal point of cancer-altered signalling which has the potential for therapeutic antagonism. Significant work has produced a range of small molecules and peptides which have been summarised here and categorised according to the binding surface they target within the cJun-DNA complex. We highlight the importance of selectively targeting a single AP-1 family member to antagonise known oncogenic function and avoid antagonism of anti-oncogenic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Brennan
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - James T Leech
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK
| | - Neil M Kad
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK
| | - Jody M Mason
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hall JA, Rusten M, Abughazaleh RD, Wuertz B, Souksavong V, Escher P, Ondrey F. Effects of PPAR-γ agonists on oral cancer cell lines: Potential horizons for chemopreventives and adjunctive therapies. Head Neck 2020; 42:2542-2554. [PMID: 32519370 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) activators have anti-cancer effects. Our objective was to determine the effect of PPAR-γ ligands 15-deoxy-D12,14 -Prostaglandin J2 (15-PGJ2 ) and ciglitazone on proliferation, apoptosis, and NF-κB in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. METHODS NA and CA9-22 cells were treated in vitro with 15-PGJ2 and ciglitazone. Proliferation was measured by MTT colorimetric assay and cell cycle analysis performed via flow cytometry, apoptosis by caspase-3 colorimetric assay and poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage on Western blot, and NF-κB activation by luciferase assays. RESULTS MTT assays demonstrated dose-dependent decreases after 15-PGJ2 treatment in both cell lines, and S-phase cell cycle arrest was also demonstrated. NF-κB luciferase reporter gene activity decreased seven- and eightfold in NA and CA9-22 cells, respectively. Caspase-3 activity increased two- and eightfold in NA and CA9-22 cells, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest these agents, in addition to activating PPAR-γ, can downregulate NF-κB and potentiate apoptosis in oral cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Rusten
- SoutheastHEALTH, Cape Girardeau, Missouri, USA
| | - Raed D Abughazaleh
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Beverly Wuertz
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Vannesa Souksavong
- University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paul Escher
- University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Frank Ondrey
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang L, Sun J, Wu Z, Lian X, Han S, Huang S, Yang C, Wang L, Song L. AP-1 regulates the expression of IL17-4 and IL17-5 in the pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 97:554-563. [PMID: 31887409 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The activator protein-1 (AP-1) plays an important role in inducing the immune effector production in response to cellular stress and bacterial infection. In the present study, an AP-1 was identified from Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (designed as CgAP-1) and its function was investigated in response against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. CgAP-1 was consisted of 290 amino acids including a Jun domain and a basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) domain. CgAP-1 shared 98.6% similarities with ChAP-1 from oyster C. hongkongensis, and assigned into the branch of invertebrates in the phylogenetic tree. The mRNA transcripts of CgAP-1 gene were detected in all tested tissues with highest expression level in hemocytes, especially in granulocytes. The mRNA expression level of CgAP-1 gene in hemocytes was significantly up-regulated (8.53-fold of that in PBS group, p < 0.01) at 6 h after LPS stimulation. CgAP-1 protein could be translocated into the nucleus of oyster hemocytes after LPS stimulation. The mRNA transcripts of interleukin17s (CgIL17-4 and CgIL17-5) in the hemocytes of CgAP-1-RNAi oysters decreased significantly at 24 h after LPS stimulation, which were 0.37-fold (p < 0.05) and 0.17-fold (p < 0.01) compared with that in EGFP-RNAi oysters, respectively. The results suggested that CgAP-1 played an important role in the immune response of oyster by regulating the expression of CgIL17s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jiejie Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Zhaojun Wu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xingye Lian
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Shuo Han
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chuanyan Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Aggarwal N, Yadav J, Thakur K, Bibban R, Chhokar A, Tripathi T, Bhat A, Singh T, Jadli M, Singh U, Kashyap MK, Bharti AC. Human Papillomavirus Infection in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Transcriptional Triggers and Changed Disease Patterns. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:537650. [PMID: 33344262 PMCID: PMC7738612 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.537650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous group of cancers. Collectively, HNSCC ranks sixth in incidence rate worldwide. Apart from classical risk factors like tobacco and alcohol, infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) is emerging as a discrete risk factor for HNSCC. HPV-positive HNSCC represent a distinct group of diseases that differ in their clinical presentation. These lesions are well-differentiated, occur at an early age, and have better prognosis. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a specific increase in the proportions of the HPV-positive HNSCC. HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC lesions display different disease progression and clinical response. For tumorigenic-transformation, HPV essentially requires a permissive cellular environment and host cell factors for induction of viral transcription. As the spectrum of host factors is independent of HPV infection at the time of viral entry, presumably entry of HPV only selects host cells that are permissive to establishment of HPV infection. Growing evidence suggest that HPV plays a more active role in a subset of HNSCC, where they are transcriptionally-active. A variety of factors provide a favorable environment for HPV to become transcriptionally-active. The most notable are the set of transcription factors that have direct binding sites on the viral genome. As HPV does not have its own transcription machinery, it is fully dependent on host transcription factors to complete the life cycle. Here, we review and evaluate the current evidence on level of a subset of host transcription factors that influence viral genome, directly or indirectly, in HNSCC. Since many of these transcription factors can independently promote carcinogenesis, the composition of HPV permissive transcription factors in a tumor can serve as a surrogate marker of a separate molecularly-distinct class of HNSCC lesions including those cases, where HPV could not get a chance to infect but may manifest better prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rakhi Bibban
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Bhat
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Mohit Jadli
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ujala Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Manoj K. Kashyap
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Amity Medical School, Stem Cell Institute, Amity University Haryana, Amity Education Valley Panchgaon, Gurugram, India
| | - Alok C. Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Alok C. Bharti,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Scheurer MJ, Seher A, Steinacker V, Linz C, Hartmann S, Kübler AC, Müller-Richter UD, Brands RC. Targeting inhibitors of apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma in vitro. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2019; 47:1589-1599. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2019.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
12
|
Scheurer MJJ, Brands RC, El-Mesery M, Hartmann S, Müller-Richter UDA, Kübler AC, Seher A. The Selection of NFκB Inhibitors to Block Inflammation and Induce Sensitisation to FasL-Induced Apoptosis in HNSCC Cell Lines Is Critical for Their Use as a Prospective Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061306. [PMID: 30875877 PMCID: PMC6471923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a central aspect of tumour biology and can contribute significantly to both the origination and progression of tumours. The NFκB pathway is one of the most important signal transduction pathways in inflammation and is, therefore, an excellent target for cancer therapy. In this work, we examined the influence of four NFκB inhibitors—Cortisol, MLN4924, QNZ and TPCA1—on proliferation, inflammation and sensitisation to apoptosis mediated by the death ligand FasL in the HNSCC cell lines PCI1, PCI9, PCI13, PCI52 and SCC25 and in the human dermal keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. We found that the selection of the inhibitor is critical to ensure that cells do not respond by inducing counteracting activities in the context of cancer therapy, e.g., the extreme IL-8 induction mediated by MLN4924 or FasL resistance mediated by Cortisol. However, TPCA1 was qualified by this in vitro study as an excellent therapeutic mediator in HNSCC by four positive qualities: (1) proliferation was inhibited at low μM-range concentrations; (2) TNFα-induced IL-8 secretion was blocked; (3) HNSCC cells were sensitized to TNFα-induced cell death; and (4) FasL-mediated apoptosis was not disrupted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Roman Camillus Brands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Mohamed El-Mesery
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura E-35516, Egypt.
| | - Stefan Hartmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | | | - Alexander Christian Kübler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Axel Seher
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ota H, Shionome T, Suguro H, Saito S, Ueki K, Arai Y, Asano M. Nickel chloride administration prevents the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:24109-24121. [PMID: 29844876 PMCID: PMC5963632 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of NiCl2 on oral squamous cell carcinoma-derived cell line HSC3 was examined. Incubation with 1 mM NiCl2 significantly reduced the expression of MMPs at mRNA and protein levels. The in vivo orthotopic implantation model was established by injecting highly metastatic subcell line HSC3-M3 to nude mouse tongue. After 1 week of injection, mice were fed with or without 1 mM NiCl2-containing water for two to three weeks. Immunohistochamical examination revealed that MMP9 expression was drastically reduced in NiCl2-fed mice. By CT images, cancer mass was observed as a translucent area in control mice. In NiCl2-fed mice, much highly translucent area was observed within the translucent area. Histologically, this area corresponded to the necrotic area in the tumor mass. Real-time PCR analysis revealed the reduced expression of angiogenic factors such as IL-8 and VEGF mRNA in NiCl2-fed mice. To further examine the effect of NiCl2 on metastasis, human β-globin gene expression in regional lymphnodes was compared. The β-globin gene was totaly absent in NiCl2-fed mice. Moreover, various cancer metastasis-related genes were inhibited in NiCl2-fed mice by PCR array analysis. The results indicated that NiCl2 might be a promising new anti-cancer therapeutics for the oral cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Ota
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Immunology and Pathobiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Shionome
- Department of Partial Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Suguro
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satsuki Saito
- Division of Applied Oral Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ueki
- Division of Applied Oral Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masatake Asano
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Immunology and Pathobiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Handley N, Eide J, Taylor R, Wuertz B, Gaffney P, Ondrey F. PPARγ targeted oral cancer treatment and additional utility of genomics analytic techniques. Laryngoscope 2017; 127:E124-E131. [PMID: 27896820 PMCID: PMC5360511 DOI: 10.1002/lary.26423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists have been shown to have anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic, and proapoptotic effects, leading to interest in their use as cancer therapeutics. Pioglitazone, a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved type II diabetes medication and PPARγ agonist, may have a role in adjuvant head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma treatment or prevention. Therefore, the purpose of this study was: 1) to treat oral cavity cancer cells with the PPARγ activator, pioglitazone, to analyze gene expression changes; and 2) to compare those changes with our preexisting genomic data for development of hypothesis-driven additional basic and clinical studies. STUDY DESIGN Prospective in vitro. METHODS We utilized microarray technology, as well as OCPlus (Bioconductor open source software) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (Qiagen, Redwood City, CA), to analyze differential gene expression in tumor and pioglitazone-treated tumor cells on a genome-wide level to demonstrate the feasibility of such an approach and determine appropriate sample size for future investigations. RESULTS We found that approximately 35 samples are required to adequately power future studies. We next discovered that pioglitazone significantly affects Inducible T-Cell Costimulator (iCOS)-Ligand for the T-cell-specific cell surface receptor ICOS (iCOSL) and type II diabetes mellitus pathways as a putative anti-cancer mechanism. CONCLUSION Genome-wide analysis is possible for the exploration of differential pathway modulation and rapid hypothesis generation. Both inflammation and type II diabetes pathways were significantly altered and therefore might provide unique hypothesis-driven pharmacodynamic parameters for future in vitro or in vivo studies utilizing thiazolidinediones. These techniques could be applied to microarray or other high throughput data from a variety of hypothesis-generating research scenarios in otolaryngology (e.g., middle ear proteomics, sinus microbiome studies). LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA. Laryngoscope, 127:E124-E131, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Handley
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jacob Eide
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - Beverly Wuertz
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - Frank Ondrey
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
cIAP-2 Expression Increases in Elderly Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. INT J GERONTOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijge.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
16
|
Verma G, Vishnoi K, Tyagi A, Jadli M, Singh T, Goel A, Sharma A, Agarwal K, Prasad SC, Pandey D, Sharma S, Mehrotra R, Singh SM, Bharti AC. Characterization of key transcription factors as molecular signatures of HPV-positive and HPV-negative oral cancers. Cancer Med 2017; 6:591-604. [PMID: 28155253 PMCID: PMC5345654 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior studies established constitutively active AP-1, NF-κB, and STAT3 signaling in oral cancer. Differential expression/activation of specific members of these transcription factors has been documented in HPV-positive oral lesions that respond better to therapy. We performed a comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed, transcriptionally active members of these pivotal signaling mediators to develop specific signatures of HPV-positive and HPV-negative oral lesions by immunohistochemical method that is applicable in low-resource settings. We examined a total of 31 prospective and 30 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from treatment-naïve, histopathologically and clinically confirmed cases diagnosed as oral or oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC/OPSCC). Following determination of their HPV status by GP5 + /GP6 + PCR, the sequential sections of the tissues were evaluated for expression of JunB, JunD, c-Fos, p50, p65, STAT3, and pSTAT3(Y705), along with two key regulatory proteins pEGFR and p16 by IHC. Independent analysis of JunB and p65 showed direct correlation with HPV positivity, whereas STAT3 and pSTAT3 were inversely correlated. A combined analysis of transcription factors revealed a more restrictive combination, characterized by the presence of AP-1 and NF-κB lacking involvement of STAT3 that strongly correlated with HPV-positive tumors. Presence of STAT3/pSTAT3 with NF-κB irrespective of the presence or absence of AP-1 members was present in HPV-negative lesions. Expression of pSTAT3 strongly correlated with all the AP-1/NF-κB members (except JunD), its upstream activator pEGFRY1092 , and HPV infection-related negative regulator p16. Overall, we show a simple combination of AP-1, NF-κB, and STAT3 members' expression that may serve as molecular signature of HPV-positive lesions or more broadly the tumors that show better prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Verma
- Division of Molecular OncologyInstitute of Cytology & Preventive Oncology (ICMR)NoidaUttar PradeshIndia
- School of BiotechnologyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiUttar PradeshIndia
- Molecular Oncology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia
| | - Kanchan Vishnoi
- Division of Molecular OncologyInstitute of Cytology & Preventive Oncology (ICMR)NoidaUttar PradeshIndia
- School of BiotechnologyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiUttar PradeshIndia
- Molecular Oncology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia
| | - Abhishek Tyagi
- Division of Molecular OncologyInstitute of Cytology & Preventive Oncology (ICMR)NoidaUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Mohit Jadli
- Molecular Oncology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Molecular Oncology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia
| | - Ankit Goel
- Subharti Dental CollegeMeerutUttar PradeshIndia
| | | | | | - Subhash Chandra Prasad
- Division of Molecular OncologyInstitute of Cytology & Preventive Oncology (ICMR)NoidaUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Durgatosh Pandey
- Department of OncosurgeryDr. Bheem Rao Ambedkar Institute‐Rotary Cancer HospitalAll India Institute Of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Shashi Sharma
- Division of Molecular OncologyInstitute of Cytology & Preventive Oncology (ICMR)NoidaUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Ravi Mehrotra
- Division of Molecular OncologyInstitute of Cytology & Preventive Oncology (ICMR)NoidaUttar PradeshIndia
| | | | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Division of Molecular OncologyInstitute of Cytology & Preventive Oncology (ICMR)NoidaUttar PradeshIndia
- Molecular Oncology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Siavash H, Nikitakis N, Sauk J. Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription: Insights into the Molecular Basis of Oral Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 15:298-307. [DOI: 10.1177/154411130401500505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent efforts on developing more direct and effective targets for cancer therapy have revolved around a family of transcription factors known as STATs (signal transducers and activators of transcription). STAT proteins are latent cytoplasmic transcription factors that become activated in response to extracellular signaling proteins. STAT proteins have been convincingly reported to possess oncogenic properties in a plethora of human cancers, including oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Signal transduction pathways mediated by these oncogenic transcription factors and their regulation in oral cancer are the focus of this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Siavash
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Pathology, University of Maryland, Dental School, 666 West Baltimore Street, Room 4-C-02, Baltimore, MD 21201; and
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - N.G. Nikitakis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Pathology, University of Maryland, Dental School, 666 West Baltimore Street, Room 4-C-02, Baltimore, MD 21201; and
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - J.J. Sauk
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Pathology, University of Maryland, Dental School, 666 West Baltimore Street, Room 4-C-02, Baltimore, MD 21201; and
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Si H, Lu H, Yang X, Mattox A, Jang M, Bian Y, Sano E, Viadiu H, Yan B, Yau C, Ng S, Lee SK, Romano RA, Davis S, Walker RL, Xiao W, Sun H, Wei L, Sinha S, Benz CC, Stuart JM, Meltzer PS, Van Waes C, Chen Z. TNF-α modulates genome-wide redistribution of ΔNp63α/TAp73 and NF-κB cREL interactive binding on TP53 and AP-1 motifs to promote an oncogenic gene program in squamous cancer. Oncogene 2016; 35:5781-5794. [PMID: 27132513 PMCID: PMC5093089 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) network study of 12 cancer types (PanCancer 12) revealed frequent mutation of TP53, and amplification and expression of related TP63 isoform ΔNp63 in squamous cancers. Further, aberrant expression of inflammatory genes and TP53/p63/p73 targets were detected in the PanCancer 12 project, reminiscent of gene programs comodulated by cREL/ΔNp63/TAp73 transcription factors we uncovered in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). However, how inflammatory gene signatures and cREL/p63/p73 targets are comodulated genome wide is unclear. Here, we examined how the inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) broadly modulates redistribution of cREL with ΔNp63α/TAp73 complexes and signatures genome wide in the HNSCC model UM-SCC46 using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq). TNF-α enhanced genome-wide co-occupancy of cREL with ΔNp63α on TP53/p63 sites, while unexpectedly promoting redistribution of TAp73 from TP53 to activator protein-1 (AP-1) sites. cREL, ΔNp63α and TAp73 binding and oligomerization on NF-κB-, TP53- or AP-1-specific sequences were independently validated by ChIP-qPCR (quantitative PCR), oligonucleotide-binding assays and analytical ultracentrifugation. Function of the binding activity was confirmed using TP53-, AP-1- and NF-κB-specific REs or p21, SERPINE1 and IL-6 promoter luciferase reporter activities. Concurrently, TNF-α regulated a broad gene network with cobinding activities for cREL, ΔNp63α and TAp73 observed upon array profiling and reverse transcription-PCR. Overlapping target gene signatures were observed in squamous cancer subsets and in inflamed skin of transgenic mice overexpressing ΔNp63α. Furthermore, multiple target genes identified in this study were linked to TP63 and TP73 activity and increased gene expression in large squamous cancer samples from PanCancer 12 TCGA by CircleMap. PARADIGM inferred pathway analysis revealed the network connection of TP63 and NF-κB complexes through an AP-1 hub, further supporting our findings. Thus, inflammatory cytokine TNF-α mediates genome-wide redistribution of the cREL/p63/p73, and AP-1 interactome, to diminish TAp73 tumor suppressor function and reciprocally activate NF-κB and AP-1 gene programs implicated in malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Si
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch,
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda,
Maryland, USA
| | - Hai Lu
- Orthopaedic Center, Zhujiang Hospital Guangzhou, Guangdong,
China
| | - Xinping Yang
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch,
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda,
Maryland, USA
| | - Austin Mattox
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch,
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda,
Maryland, USA
| | - Minyoung Jang
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch,
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda,
Maryland, USA
| | - Yansong Bian
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch,
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda,
Maryland, USA
| | - Eleanor Sano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of
California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Hector Viadiu
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México (UNAM), Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria,
Mexico City, D.F. 04510, MÉXICO
| | - Bin Yan
- LKS Faculty of Medicine and School of Biomedical Sciences,
LKS Faculty of Medicine and Center of Genome Sciences, The University of Hong Kong,
Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Sam Ng
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Center for
Biomolecular Sciences and Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa
Cruz, CA
| | - Steven K. Lee
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch,
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda,
Maryland, USA
| | - Rose-Anne Romano
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at
Buffalo, Center for Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, New
York, USA
| | - Sean Davis
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute,
Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert L. Walker
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute,
Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wenming Xiao
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National
Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson,
Arkansas
| | - Hongwei Sun
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute
of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lai Wei
- Clinical Immunology Section, National Eye Institute, NIH,
Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan
Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Satrajit Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at
Buffalo, Center for Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, New
York, USA
| | | | - Joshua M. Stuart
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Center for
Biomolecular Sciences and Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa
Cruz, CA
| | - Paul S. Meltzer
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute,
Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Carter Van Waes
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch,
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda,
Maryland, USA
| | - Zhong Chen
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch,
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda,
Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sharma P, Bhunia S, Poojary SS, Tekcham DS, Barbhuiya MA, Gupta S, Shrivastav BR, Tiwari PK. Global methylation profiling to identify epigenetic signature of gallbladder cancer and gallstone disease. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:14687-14699. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
20
|
Selagea L, Mishra A, Anand M, Ross J, Tucker-Burden C, Kong J, Brat DJ. EGFR and C/EBP-β oncogenic signaling is bidirectional in human glioma and varies with the C/EBP-β isoform. FASEB J 2016; 30:4098-4108. [PMID: 27572958 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600550r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the intersection of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and CCAAT enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)-β signaling in glioblastoma (GBM), given that both gene products strongly influence neoplastic behavior. C/EBP-β is known to drive the mesenchymal transcriptional signature in GBM, likely through strong microenvironmental influences, whereas the genetic contributions to its up-regulation in this disease are not well described. We demonstrated that stable overexpression and activation of WT EGFR (U87MG-WT) led to elevated C/EBP-β expression, as well as enhanced nuclear translocation and DNA-binding activity, leading to up-regulation of C/EBP-β transcription and translation. Deeper investigation identified bidirectional regulation, with C/EBP-β also causing up-regulation of EGFR that was at least partially dependent on the STAT3. Based on ChIP-based studies, we also found that that the translational isoforms of C/EBP-β [liver-enriched transcription-activating protein (LAP)-1/2 and liver inhibitory protein (LIP)] have differential occupancy on STAT3 promoter and opposing roles in transcriptional regulation of STAT3 and EGFR. We further demonstrated that the shorter C/EBP-β isoform, LIP, promoted proliferation and migration of U87MG glioma cells, potentially via induction of cytokine IL-6. Our molecular dissection of EGFR and C/EBP-β pathway interactions uncovered a complex signaling network in which increased activity of either EGFR or C/EBP-β leads to the up-regulation of the other, enhancing oncogenic signaling. Disrupting the EGFR-C/EBP-β signaling axis could attenuate malignant behavior of glioblastoma.-Selagea, L., Mishra, A., Anand, M., Ross, J., Tucker-Burden, C., Kong, J., Brat, D. J. EGFR and C/EBP-β oncogenic signaling is bidirectional in human glioma and varies with the C/EBP-β isoform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ligia Selagea
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Biology, Agnes Scott College, Decatur, Georgia
| | - Alok Mishra
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Monika Anand
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - James Ross
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Carol Tucker-Burden
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jun Kong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Daniel J Brat
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; .,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Grimm C, Six L, Tomovski C, Speiser P, Joura E, Zeillinger R, Sliutz G, Reinthaller A, Hefler LA. A Common Interleukin-6 Promoter Polymorphism in Patients With Vulvar Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 12:617-20. [PMID: 16198606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsgi.2005.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Besides its important role in immune response and inflammatory processes the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is crucially involved in carcinogenesis. A common polymorphism within the gene encoding IL-6 (IL6) is known to alter IL-6 protein expression and has been associated with patients' prognosis in various malignancies. No data are available with respect to vulvar cancer. Therefore, we determined the prognostic potential of the common -174(G-->C) single nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of IL6 in a series of patients with this disease. METHODS The IL6 promoter polymorphism was investigated in 81 Caucasian patients with surgically treated squamous cell vulvar cancer using pyrosequencing. Results were correlated with clinical data. RESULTS No association was ascertained between the IL6 promoter polymorphism and the investigated clinicopathologic parameters, ie, tumor stage, lymph node involvement, tumor grade, and patient's age at diagnosis. In an univariate analysis, lymph node involvement and patients' age at diagnosis were associated with patient prognosis. In a multivariate analysis, including tumor stage and lymph node involvement as established prognostic factors and the IL6 promoter polymorphism, lymph node involvement, and the presence of at least one mutant allele, but not tumor stage, were associated with increased disease-free and overall survival. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the IL6 -174(G-->C) promoter polymorphism might serve as an additional prognostic parameter in patients with vulvar cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Grimm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
King TA, Ghazaleh RA, Juhn SK, Adams GL, Ondrey FG. Induction of Heat Shock Protein 70 Inhibits NF-kappa-B in Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 133:70-9. [PMID: 16025056 DOI: 10.1016/j.otohns.2004.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between heat shock proteins (HSPs) and the proinflammatory, anti-apoptosis mediator NF-kappa-B in squamous cell carcinoma.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: CA-9-22 cells were exposed to heat stress to induce the production of HSPs. Immunoblot and reporter gene experiments determined the inducibility of HSP production and the activation of cytokine-induced NF-kappa-B. Immunoblot experiments determined the presence of the inhibitor- k-B-α (I kBα).RESULTS: CA-9-22 cells can be induced by heat stress to produce HSPs at 100-fold above baseline levels. The induction of HSPs prevents the activation and nuclear translocation of NF-kappa-B despite stimulation with IL-1β and TNF-α.CONCLUSIONS: Constitutive activation of NF-kappa-B is prevented by HSP induction through an increase in I kBα synthesis.SIGNIFICANCE: The induction of HSP70 alters the inflammatory milieu associated with squamous cell carcinoma progression through the inhibition of NF-kappa-B and may ultimately promote apoptosis in head and neck carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A King
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Patel A, Miller L, Ahmed K, Ondrey F. NF-Kappa-B Downregulation Strategies in Head and Neck Cancer Treatment. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 131:288-95. [PMID: 15365549 DOI: 10.1016/j.otohns.2004.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Multiple biochemical and genetic strategies were used to downregulate early response gene NF-κB, whose activation controls squamous cell cancer-associated pathways. STUDY DESIGN: NA cells, an oral cavity squamous cell cancer with high NF-κB activity, were cultured with biochemical NF-κB inhibitors TPCK and Calpain I inhibitor, as well as specific NF-κB antisense oligonucleotides. Cell proliferation was measured, as was NF-κB downregulation using functional luciferase reporter genes and electromobility shift assays. RESULTS: Significant downregulation of cell proliferation and NF-κB functional activity were demonstrated with either biochemical inhibitor, as well as the antisense oligonucleotides; however, additional nonspecific toxicities were observed with control antisense oligonucleotides. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE: NF-κB is a potential target for squamous cancer treatment, as it is constitutively upregulated in vitro. Biochemical inhibition of NF-κB may be a viable treatment strategy for head and neck squamous cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alpen Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kamide D, Yamashita T, Araki K, Tomifuji M, Tanaka Y, Tanaka S, Shiozawa S, Shiotani A. Selective activator protein-1 inhibitor T-5224 prevents lymph node metastasis in an oral cancer model. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:666-73. [PMID: 26918517 PMCID: PMC4970834 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Activator protein-1 (AP-1) is a transcriptional factor that regulates the expression of various genes associated with tumor invasion and migration. The purpose of our study was to assess the therapeutic effects of a novel selective AP-1 inhibitor, T-5224, in preventing lymph node metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in an orthotopic mouse model. We assessed the effect of T-5224 on HNSCC cell invasion, migration, proliferation, and MMP activity by carrying out an in vitro study using an invasion assay, scratch assay, WST-8 assay, and gelatin zymography. We also observed morphological changes in HNSCC cells by time-lapse microscopy. Furthermore, cervical lymph node metastasis was assessed using an orthotopic tumor model of human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (HSC-3-M3) injected in the tongue of a BALB/c nude mouse. T-5224 (150 mg/kg) or vehicle was given orally every day for 4 weeks. Animals were killed and assessed for lymph node metastasis by H&E staining of resected lymph nodes. T-5224 significantly inhibited the invasion, migration, and MMP activity of HNSCC cells in a dose-dependent manner; there was no significant influence on cell proliferation. The antimetastatic effect of T-5224 was also confirmed in our animal study. The rate of cervical lymph node metastasis in the model was 40.0% in the T-5224-treated group (n = 30) versus 74.1% in the vehicle-treated group (n = 27; P < 0.05). In conclusion, T-5224 inhibited the invasion and migration of HNSCC cells in vitro, and prevented lymph node metastasis in head and neck cancer in an animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kamide
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Taku Yamashita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Koji Araki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Masayuki Tomifuji
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Yuya Tanaka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Shingo Tanaka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Shunichi Shiozawa
- Department of Medicine, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shiotani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Wright SK, Wuertz BR, Harris G, Abu Ghazallah R, Miller WA, Gaffney PM, Ondrey FG. Functional activation of PPARγ in human upper aerodigestive cancer cell lines. Mol Carcinog 2016; 56:149-162. [PMID: 26999671 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Upper aerodigestive cancer is an aggressive malignancy with relatively stagnant long-term survival rates over 20 yr. Recent studies have demonstrated that exploitation of PPARγ pathways may be a novel therapy for cancer and its prevention. We tested whether PPARγ is expressed and inducible in aerodigestive carcinoma cells and whether it is present in human upper aerodigestive tumors. Human oral cancer CA-9-22 and NA cell lines were treated with the PPAR activators eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA), 15-deoxy-δ- 12,14-prostaglandin J2 (PG-J2), and the thiazolidinedione, ciglitazone, and evaluated for their ability to functionally activate PPARγ luciferase reporter gene constructs. Cellular proliferation and clonogenic potential after PPARγ ligand treatment were also evaluated. Aerodigestive cancer specimens and normal tissues were evaluated for PPARγ expression on gene expression profiling and immunoblotting. Functional activation of PPARγ reporter gene constructs and increases in PPARγ protein were confirmed in the nuclear compartment after PPARγ ligand treatment. Significant decreases in cell proliferation and clonogenic potential resulted from treatment. Lipid accumulation was induced by PPARγ activator treatment. 75% of tumor specimens and 100% of normal control tissues expressed PPARγ RNA, and PPARγ protein was confirmed in 66% of tumor specimens analyzed by immunoblotting. We conclude PPARγ can be functionally activated in upper aerodigestive cancer and that its activation downregulates several features of the neoplastic phenotype. PPARγ expression in human upper aerodigestive tract tumors and normal cells potentially legitimizes it as a novel intervention target in this disease. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon K Wright
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Beverly R Wuertz
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - George Harris
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Raed Abu Ghazallah
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Wendy A Miller
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Patrick M Gaffney
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Frank G Ondrey
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li F, Shanmugam MK, Siveen KS, Wang F, Ong TH, Loo SY, Swamy MMM, Mandal S, Kumar AP, Goh BC, Kundu T, Ahn KS, Wang LZ, Hui KM, Sethi G. Garcinol sensitizes human head and neck carcinoma to cisplatin in a xenograft mouse model despite downregulation of proliferative biomarkers. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5147-63. [PMID: 25762616 PMCID: PMC4467139 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum compounds such as cisplatin and carboplatin are frequently used as the first-line chemotherapy for the treatment of the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In the present study, we investigated whether garcinol, a polyisoprenylated benzophenone can chemosensitize HNSCC to cisplatin. We found that garcinol inhibited the viability of a panel of diverse HNSCC cell lines, enhanced the apoptotic effect of cisplatin, suppressed constitutive as well as cisplatin-induced NF-κB activation, and downregulated the expression of various oncogenic gene products (cyclin D1, Bcl-2, survivin and VEGF). In vivo study showed that administration of garcinol alone (0.5 mg/kg body weight, i.p. five times/week) significantly suppressed the growth of the tumor, and this effect was further increased by cisplatin. Both the markers of proliferation index (Ki-67) and microvessel density (CD31) were downregulated in tumor tissues by the combination of cisplatin and garcinol. The pharmacokinetic results of garcinol indicated that good systemic exposure was achievable after i.p. administration of garcinol at 0.5 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg with mean peak concentration (Cmax) of 1825.4 and 6635.7 nM in the mouse serum, respectively. Overall, our results suggest that garcinol can indeed potentiate the effects of cisplatin by negative regulation of various inflammatory and proliferative biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Fan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore
| | - Tina H Ong
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Ser Yue Loo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore.,Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Mahadeva M M Swamy
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Bangalore, India
| | - Somnath Mandal
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Bangalore, India
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Boon Cher Goh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore.,Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Tapas Kundu
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Bangalore, India
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ling Zhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sasaki CT, Issaeva N, Vageli DP. In vitro model for gastroduodenal reflux-induced nuclear factor-kappaB activation and its role in hypopharyngeal carcinogenesis. Head Neck 2015; 38 Suppl 1:E1381-91. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.24231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Clarence T. Sasaki
- Department of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology; Yale School of Medicine; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Natalia Issaeva
- Department of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology; Yale School of Medicine; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Dimitra P. Vageli
- Department of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology; Yale School of Medicine; New Haven Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Guimarães EP, de Carli ML, Sperandio FF, Hanemann JAC, Pereira AAC. Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 expression correlates to tumor staging in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2015; 20:e657-63. [PMID: 26449430 PMCID: PMC4670244 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.20601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunohistochemical expression of Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 were analyzed in tongue squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), relating them to the clinical and morphological exhibition of these tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-nine patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria; clinical data included gender, age, ethnicity and use of licit drugs such as alcohol and tobacco. The TNM staging and histopathological differentiation grading was assessed for each case. In addition, T1 patients were gathered with T2 patients; and T3 patients were gathered with T4 patients to assemble two distinct groups: (T1/T2) and (T3/T4). RESULTS The mean follow-up time was 24 months and 30% of the patients died as a consequence of the disease, while 23.3% lived with the disease and 46.7% lived lesion-free. T1 and T2 tumors showed statistically lesser Ki-67 and Cyclin D1 staining when compared to T3 and T4 tumors. CONCLUSIONS Ki-67 and Cyclin D1 pose as auxiliary tools when determining the progression of tongue SCC at the time of diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo-Pereira Guimarães
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700 Centro, Alfenas, MG, Brasil ZIP CODE: 37130-000,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Vichaya EG, Molkentine JM, Vermeer DW, Walker AK, Feng R, Holder G, Luu K, Mason RM, Saligan L, Heijnen CJ, Kavelaars A, Mason KA, Lee JH, Dantzer R. Sickness behavior induced by cisplatin chemotherapy and radiotherapy in a murine head and neck cancer model is associated with altered mitochondrial gene expression. Behav Brain Res 2015; 297:241-50. [PMID: 26475509 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to explore the possible mechanisms of the behavioral alterations that develop in response to cancer and to cancer therapy. For this purpose we used a syngeneic heterotopic mouse model of human papilloma virus (HPV)-related head and neck cancer in which cancer therapy is curative. Mice implanted or not with HPV+ tumor cells were exposed to sham treatment or a regimen of cisplatin and radiotherapy (chemoradiation). Sickness was measured by body weight loss and reduced food intake. Motivation was measured by burrowing, a highly prevalent species specific behavior. Tumor-bearing mice showed a gradual decrease in burrowing over time and increased brain and liver inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression by 28 days post tumor implantation. Chemoradiation administered to healthy mice resulted in a mild decrease in burrowing, body weight, and food intake. Chemoradiation in tumor-bearing mice decreased tumor growth and abrogated liver and brain inflammation, but failed to attenuate burrowing deficits. PCR array analysis of selected hypoxia and mitochondrial genes revealed that both the tumor and chemoradiation altered the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism within the liver and brain and increased expression of genes related to HIF-1α signaling within the brain. The most prominent changes in brain mitochondrial genes were noted in tumor-bearing mice treated with chemoradiation. These findings indicate that targeting mitochondrial dysfunction following cancer and cancer therapy may be a strategy for prevention of cancer-related symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth G Vichaya
- Department of Symptom Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 384, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Jessica M Molkentine
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 66, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Daniel W Vermeer
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, 2301 E. 60th St. N., Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States
| | - Adam K Walker
- Department of Symptom Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 384, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Rebekah Feng
- National Institute of Nursing Research, Building 3, Room 5E14, 3 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Gerard Holder
- National Institute of Nursing Research, Building 3, Room 5E14, 3 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Katherine Luu
- Department of Symptom Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 384, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Ryan M Mason
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 66, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Leo Saligan
- National Institute of Nursing Research, Building 3, Room 5E14, 3 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Cobi J Heijnen
- Department of Symptom Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 384, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Annemieke Kavelaars
- Department of Symptom Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 384, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Kathy A Mason
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 66, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - John H Lee
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, 2301 E. 60th St. N., Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Department of Symptom Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 384, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Masuelli L, Pantanella F, La Regina G, Benvenuto M, Fantini M, Mattera R, Di Stefano E, Mattei M, Silvestri R, Schippa S, Manzari V, Modesti A, Bei R. Violacein, an indole-derived purple-colored natural pigment produced by Janthinobacterium lividum, inhibits the growth of head and neck carcinoma cell lines both in vitro and in vivo. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:3705-17. [PMID: 26462840 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Violacein (VIO; 3-[1,2-dihydro-5-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-oxo-3H-pyrrol-3-ylidene]-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one), an indole-derived purple-colored pigment, produced by a limited number of Gram-negative bacteria species, including Chromobacterium violaceum and Janthinobacterium lividum, has been demonstrated to have anti-cancer activity, as it interferes with survival transduction signaling pathways in different cancer models. Head and neck carcinoma (HNC) represents the sixth most common and one of the most fatal cancers worldwide. We determined whether VIO was able to inhibit head and neck cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. We provide evidence that VIO treatment of human and mouse head and neck cancer cell lines inhibits cell growth and induces autophagy and apoptosis. In fact, VIO treatment increased PARP-1 cleavage, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, the inhibition of ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation, and the expression of light chain 3-II (LC3-II). Moreover, VIO was able to induce p53 degradation, cytoplasmic nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) accumulation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. VIO induced a significant increase in ROS production. VIO administration was safe in BALB/c mice and reduced the growth of transplanted salivary gland cancer cells (SALTO) in vivo and prolonged median survival. Taken together, our results indicate that the treatment of head and neck cancer cells with VIO can be useful in inhibiting in vivo and in vitro cancer cell growth. VIO may represent a suitable tool for the local treatment of HNC in combination with standard therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Pantanella
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases-Microbiology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Regina
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Benvenuto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Fantini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosanna Mattera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Di Stefano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Romano Silvestri
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Schippa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases-Microbiology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Manzari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Modesti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gaykalova DA, Manola JB, Ozawa H, Zizkova V, Morton K, Bishop JA, Sharma R, Zhang C, Michailidi C, Considine M, Tan M, Fertig EJ, Hennessey PT, Ahn J, Koch WM, Westra WH, Khan Z, Chung CH, Ochs MF, Califano JA. NF-κB and stat3 transcription factor signatures differentiate HPV-positive and HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:1879-89. [PMID: 25857630 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Using high-throughput analyses and the TRANSFAC database, we characterized TF signatures of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) subgroups by inferential analysis of target gene expression, correcting for the effects of DNA methylation and copy number. Using this discovery pipeline, we determined that human papillomavirus-related (HPV+) and HPV- HNSCC differed significantly based on the activity levels of key TFs including AP1, STATs, NF-κB and p53. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that HPV- HNSCC is characterized by co-activated STAT3 and NF-κB pathways and functional studies demonstrate that this phenotype can be effectively targeted with combined anti-NF-κB and anti-STAT therapies. These discoveries correlate strongly with previous findings connecting STATs, NF-κB and AP1 in HNSCC. We identified five top-scoring pair biomarkers from STATs, NF-κB and AP1 pathways that distinguish HPV+ from HPV- HNSCC based on TF activity and validated these biomarkers on TCGA and on independent validation cohorts. We conclude that a novel approach to TF pathway analysis can provide insight into therapeutic targeting of patient subgroup for heterogeneous disease such as HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria A Gaykalova
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Judith B Manola
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Hiroyuki Ozawa
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Veronika Zizkova
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.,Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kathryn Morton
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Justin A Bishop
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rajni Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.,University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Christina Michailidi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael Considine
- Division of Oncology Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Marietta Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Elana J Fertig
- Division of Oncology Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Patrick T Hennessey
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.,Mid-Michigan Ear, Nose, and Throat, East Lansing, MI
| | - Julie Ahn
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Wayne M Koch
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - William H Westra
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Zubair Khan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Christine H Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael F Ochs
- Division of Oncology Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ
| | - Joseph A Califano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.,Milton J. Dance Head and Neck Center, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nishio Y, Gojoubori T, Kaneko Y, Shimizu N, Asano M. Cancer cell-derived IL-8 induces monocytic THP1 cells to secrete IL-8 via the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:9171-7. [PMID: 26088451 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activity of transcription factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) results in the spontaneous secretion of various cytokines and chemokines. Among them, IL-8, owing to its angiogenic activity, promotes the growth of OSCCs. In the present study, we examined the role of IL-8 secreted by OSCCs, on the angiogenic activity of monocytic THP1 cells. Culture supernatant (Ca-sup) augmented IL-8 secretion by THP1 cells, which was found to be significantly reduced following the removal Ca9-22-derived IL-8 from the Ca-sup. IL-8 induction was regulated at the transcriptional level, because real-time PCR demonstrated the augmented IL-8 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. We further performed the luciferase assay using the 5'-untranslated region of IL-8 gene. Contradictory to our speculations, luciferase activity was not augmented by Ca-sup stimulation. NF-κB-independent IL-8 induction was further confirmed by pre-treating THP1 cells with NF-κB-specific inhibitors. To elucidate the signaling pathway, THP1 was pre-treated with MEK inhibitors. The results demonstrated that pre-treatment of cells with MEK inhibitor drastically reduced IL-8 levels, suggesting the role of MEK. Moreover, Ca-sup was found to increase ERK1/2 phosphorylation in a time-dependent manner. These results indicated that OSCC-derived IL-8 appears to activate angiogenic activity in monocytes within the tumor microenvironment via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukina Nishio
- Division of Oral Structural and Functional Biology, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Gojoubori
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Kaneko
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Shimizu
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatake Asano
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mohan S, Vander Broek R, Shah S, Eytan DF, Pierce ML, Carlson SG, Coupar JF, Zhang J, Cheng H, Chen Z, Van Waes C. MEK Inhibitor PD-0325901 Overcomes Resistance to PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor PF-5212384 and Potentiates Antitumor Effects in Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3946-56. [PMID: 25977343 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-3377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas exhibit variable sensitivity to inhibitors of the PI3K/mTOR pathway, an important target of genomic alterations in this cancer type. The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/ERK/activator protein 1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways are also frequently co-activated, but their roles in resistance mechanisms to PI3K/mTOR inhibitors and as therapeutic targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are not well defined. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We determined the IC50s of dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PF-05212384 (PF-384) by XTT assays in 14 HNSCC lines with PI3K/Akt/mTOR cascade alterations. In two resistant models, we further characterized the molecular, cellular, and in vivo attributes and effects of combining PF-384 with MEK inhibitor PD-0325901 (PD-901). RESULTS PF-384 IC50s varied between 0.75 and 133 nmol/L in 14 HNSCC lines with overexpression or mutations of PIK3CA, and sensitivity correlated with increased phospho-AKT(T308/S473). In resistant UMSCC-1 and -46 models, PF-384 increased G0-/G1-phase accumulation but weakly induced sub-G0 cell death. PF-384 inhibited direct targets of PI3K/mTOR, but incompletely attenuated co-activated ERK and UMSCC-1 xenograft growth in vivo. PD-901 strongly inhibited MEK/ERK targets, and the combination of PF-384 and PD-901 inhibited downstream NF-κB and AP-1 transactivation, and IL8 and VEGF production in vitro. PD-901 potently inhibited tumor growth alone and with PF384, enhanced antiproliferative, apoptotic, and anti-angiogenesis activity in vivo. CONCLUSIONS PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PF-384 exhibits variable activity in a panel of HNSCC cell lines with differing PIK3CA expression and mutation status. MEK inhibitor PD-901 overcomes resistance and enhances antitumor effects observed with PF-384 in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Mohan
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, NIDCD/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland. NIH Medical Research Scholars Program, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Robert Vander Broek
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, NIDCD/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland. NIH Medical Research Scholars Program, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sujay Shah
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, NIDCD/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Danielle F Eytan
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, NIDCD/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland. NIH Medical Research Scholars Program, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Matthew L Pierce
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, NIDCD/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Sophie G Carlson
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, NIDCD/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jamie F Coupar
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, NIDCD/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jialing Zhang
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, NIDCD/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hui Cheng
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, NIDCD/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zhong Chen
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, NIDCD/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Carter Van Waes
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, NIDCD/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Farnebo L, Shahangian A, Lee Y, Shin JH, Scheeren FA, Sunwoo JB. Targeting Toll-like receptor 2 inhibits growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2015; 6:9897-907. [PMID: 25846753 PMCID: PMC4496405 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection-driven inflammation has been proposed to be involved in the tumorigenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Oral HNSCC is often colonized with microbes such as gram-positive bacteria and yeast, where ligands derived from their wall components have been shown to specifically bind to Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Although TLR2 has been described to be expressed in oral HNSCC, its function has not been well characterized. Here, we show the expression of TLR2 in both HNSCC cell lines and primary patient-derived HNSCC xenograft tumors. Activation of TLR2 with a yeast-derived ligand of TLR2, zymosan, promoted organoid formation in an ex vivo model of tumor growth, while blockade with anti-TLR2 antibodies inhibited organoid formation. Zymosan also induced phosphorylation of ERK and the p65 subunit of NF-κB, which was inhibited in the presence of anti-TLR2 antibodies, indicating that this receptor is functional in HNSCC and that the signaling through these pathways is intact. TLR2 blockade also inhibited growth of human xenografted tumors in immunodeficient mice. In summary, our data show that TLR2 is a functional receptor expressed in human HNSCC that plays a direct pro-tumorigenic role, and that it can be therapeutically targeted with blocking antibodies to reduce tumor growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lovisa Farnebo
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute and the Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Arash Shahangian
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute and the Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yunqin Lee
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute and the Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - June Ho Shin
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute and the Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ferenc A. Scheeren
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, The Netherlands
- Stanford Cancer Institute and the Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John B. Sunwoo
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute and the Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cannabis smoke can be a major risk factor for early-age laryngeal cancer—a molecular signaling-based approach. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:6029-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3279-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
37
|
Bian Y, Han J, Kannabiran V, Mohan S, Cheng H, Friedman J, Zhang L, VanWaes C, Chen Z. MEK inhibitor PD-0325901 overcomes resistance to CK2 inhibitor CX-4945 and exhibits anti-tumor activity in head and neck cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:411-22. [PMID: 25798061 PMCID: PMC4366640 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.10745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine-threonine kinase CK2 exhibits genomic alterations and aberrant overexpression in human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Here, we investigated the effects of CK2 inhibitor CX-4945 in human HNSCC cell lines and xenograft models. The IC50's of CX-4945 for 9 UM-SCC cell lines measured by MTT assay ranged from 3.4-11.9 μM. CX-4945 induced cell cycle arrest and cell death measured by DNA flow cytometry, and inhibited prosurvival mediators phospho-AKT and p-S6 in UM-SCC1 and UM-SCC46 cells. CX-4945 decreased NF-κB and Bcl-XL reporter gene activities in both cell lines, but upregulated proapoptotic TP53 and p21 reporter activities, and induced phospho-ERK, AP-1, and IL-8 activity in UM-SCC1 cells. CX-4945 exhibited modest anti-tumor activity in UM-SCC1 xenografts. Tumor immunostaining revealed significant inhibition of PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway and increased apoptosis marker TUNEL, but also induced p-ERK, c-JUN, JUNB, FOSL1 and proliferation (Ki67) markers, as a possible resistance mechanism. To overcome the drug resistance, we tested MEK inhibitor PD-0325901 (PD-901), which inhibited ERK-AP-1 activation alone and in combination with CX-4945. PD-901 alone displayed significant anti-tumor effects in vivo, and the combination of PD-901 and CX-4945 slightly enhanced anti-tumor activity when compared with PD-901 alone. Immunostaining of tumor specimens after treatment revealed inhibition of p-AKT S129 and p-AKT T308 by CX-4945, and inhibition of p-ERK T202/204 and AP-1 family member FOSL-1 by PD-901. Our study reveals a drug resistance mechanism mediated by the MEK-ERK-AP-1 pathway in HNSCC. MEK inhibitor PD-0325901 is active in HNSCC resistant to CX-4945, meriting further clinical investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Bian
- 1. Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiawei Han
- 1. Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; ; 2. Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Key Discipline, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Vishnu Kannabiran
- 1. Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; ; 3. NIH Clinical Research Training Program-NIH Medical Research Scholars Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Suresh Mohan
- 1. Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; ; 3. NIH Clinical Research Training Program-NIH Medical Research Scholars Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hui Cheng
- 1. Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jay Friedman
- 1. Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luo Zhang
- 2. Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Key Discipline, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Carter VanWaes
- 1. Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhong Chen
- 1. Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li F, Zhang J, Arfuso F, Chinnathambi A, Zayed ME, Alharbi SA, Kumar AP, Ahn KS, Sethi G. NF-κB in cancer therapy. Arch Toxicol 2015; 89:711-31. [PMID: 25690730 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1470-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) has attracted increasing attention in the field of cancer research from last few decades. Aberrant activation of this transcription factor is frequently encountered in a variety of solid tumors and hematological malignancies. NF-κB family members and their regulated genes have been linked to malignant transformation, tumor cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, invasion/metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. In this review, we highlight the diverse molecular mechanism(s) by which the NF-κB pathway is constitutively activated in different types of human cancers, and the potential role of various oncogenic genes regulated by this transcription factor in cancer development and progression. Additionally, various pharmacological approaches employed to target the deregulated NF-κB signaling pathway, and their possible therapeutic potential in cancer therapy is also discussed briefly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
St John MA. Inflammatory mediators drive metastasis and drug resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngoscope 2015; 125 Suppl 3:S1-11. [PMID: 25646683 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The presence of regional metastases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients is a common and adverse event associated with poor prognosis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that mediate HNSCC metastasis may enable identification of novel therapeutic targets. E-cadherin plays a key role in epithelial intercellular adhesion; its downregulation is a hallmark of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (an essential process during tumor progression); and it is associated with invasion, metastasis, and decreased survival. Inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the progression of HNSCC. Herein, the mechanisms by which the inflammatory mediator, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), might contribute to EMT in HNSCC is investigated. The pathways involved in E-cadherin regulation in HNSCC had not previously been defined. It is hypothesized that 1) inflammatory mediators upregulate cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2 (COX-2/PGE2), which then in turn regulate E-cadherin expression in HNSCC; and 2) PGE2 downregulates E-cadherin via transcriptional repressors of E-cadherin (such as Snail) in HNSCC. The outcome of the proposed research will allow us to define how resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors is mediated and whether the benefits of combination therapy are due to the capacity of COX-2 inhibitors to increase E-cadherin expression and thus create a more sensitive target for EGFR TK inhibition. STUDY DESIGN Basic science, molecular biology, animal model, immunohistochemistry. METHODS We evaluated the effect of IL-1β on the molecular events of EMT in surgical specimens and HNSCC cell lines. We examined the correlation with tumor histologic features, and a severely compromised immunodeficient (SCID) xenograft model was used to assess the effects in vivo. RESULTS COX-2-dependent pathways contribute to the modulation of E-cadherin expression in HNSCC. An inverse relationship between COX-2 and E-cadherin was demonstrated in situ by double immunohistochemical staining of human HNSCC tissue sections. Treatment of HNSCC cells with IL-1β caused the downregulation of E-cadherin expression and upregulation of COX-2 expression. This effect was blocked in the presence of COX-2 small hairpin RNA (shRNA). IL-1β -treated HNSCC cell lines demonstrated a significant decrease in E-cadherin messenger RNA (mRNA) and an increase in the mRNA expression of the transcriptional repressor Snail. IL-1β exposure led to enhanced Snail binding at the chromatin level. ShRNA-mediated knockdown of Snail interrupted the capacity of IL-1β to downregulate E-cadherin. Snail overexpression in normal oral keratinocytes and HNSCC cells is sufficient to drive EMT and confers resistance to erlotinib. In a SCID xenograft model, HNSCC Snail overexpressing cells demonstrated significantly increased primary and metastatic tumor burdens. CONCLUSIONS The inflammatory mediator IL-1β modulates Snail and thereby regulates COX-2-dependent E-cadherin expression in HNSCC. This is the first report indicating the role of Snail in the inflammation-induced promotion of EMT in HNSCC. This newly defined pathway for transcriptional regulation of E-cadherin in HNSCC has important implications for targeted chemoprevention and therapy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maie A St John
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA Head and Neck Cancer Program, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Veena MS, Wilken R, Zheng JY, Gholkar A, Venkatesan N, Vira D, Ahmed S, Basak SK, Dalgard CL, Ravichandran S, Batra RK, Kasahara N, Elashoff D, Fishbein MC, Whitelegge JP, Torres JZ, Wang MB, Srivatsan ES. p16 Protein and gigaxonin are associated with the ubiquitination of NFκB in cisplatin-induced senescence of cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:34921-37. [PMID: 25331947 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.568543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of p16-mediated senescence in cisplatin-treated cancer cells is not fully understood. Here we show that cisplatin treatment of head and neck cancer cells results in nuclear transport of p16 leading to a molecular modification of NFκB. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays show that this modification is associated with the inhibition of NFκB interacting with its DNA binding sequences, leading to decreased expression of NFκB-transcribed proteins. LCMS proteomic analysis of LAP-TAP-purified proteins from HeLa cells containing a tetracycline-inducible GFP-S peptide-NFκB expression system identified gigaxonin, an ubiquitin E3 ligase adaptor, as an NFκB-interacting protein. Immunoblotting and siRNA studies confirmed the NFκB-gigaxonin interaction and the dependence of this binding on p16-NFκB binding. Using gel shift assays, we have confirmed p16-NFκB and gigaxonin-NFκB interactions. Furthermore, we have observed increased NFκB ubiquitination with cisplatin treatment that is abolished in the absence of p16 and gigaxonin expression. Analysis of 103 primary tumors has shown that increased nuclear p16 expression correlates with enhanced survival of head and neck cancer patients (p < 0.0000542), indicating the importance of nuclear p16 expression in prognosis. Finally, p16 expression is associated with reduced cytokine expression and the presence of human papilloma virus in chemoradiation-sensitive basaloid tumors. However, the absence of p16 expression is associated with enhanced cytokine expression and the absence of human papilloma virus in aggressive tumors. These results clearly demonstrate that nuclear p16 and gigaxonin play an important role in chemosensitivity of head and neck cancers through ubiquitination of NFκB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mysore S Veena
- From the Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90073
| | - Reason Wilken
- From the Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90073
| | - Jun-Ying Zheng
- From the Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90073
| | - Ankur Gholkar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Natarajan Venkatesan
- From the Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90073
| | - Darshni Vira
- From the Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90073, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Sameer Ahmed
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Saroj K Basak
- From the Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90073
| | - Clifton L Dalgard
- Departments of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland 20814
| | - Sandhiya Ravichandran
- From the Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90073
| | - Raj K Batra
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California 90073, Department of Medicine and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | | | | | - Michael C Fishbein
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Julian P Whitelegge
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, and
| | - Jorge Z Torres
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Marilene B Wang
- From the Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90073, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Eri S Srivatsan
- From the Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90073, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Banerjee R, Van Tubergen EA, Scanlon CS, Vander Broek R, Lints JP, Liu M, Russo N, Inglehart RC, Wang Y, Polverini PJ, Kirkwood KL, D'Silva NJ. The G protein-coupled receptor GALR2 promotes angiogenesis in head and neck cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:1323-33. [PMID: 24568968 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is an aggressive disease with poor patient survival. Galanin receptor 2 (GALR2) is a G protein-coupled receptor that induces aggressive tumor growth in SCCHN. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which GALR2 promotes angiogenesis, a critical oncogenic phenotype required for tumor growth. The impact of GALR2 expression on secretion of proangiogenic cytokines in multiple SCCHN cell lines was investigated by ELISA and in vitro angiogenesis assays. Chemical inhibitor and genetic knockdown strategies were used to understand the key regulators. The in vivo impact of GALR2 on angiogenesis was investigated in mouse xenograft, chick chorioallantoic membrane, and the clinically relevant mouse orthotopic floor-of-mouth models. GALR2 induced angiogenesis via p38-MAPK-mediated secretion of proangiogenic cytokines, VEGF, and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Moreover, GALR2 activated small-GTP-protein, RAP1B, thereby inducing p38-mediated inactivation of tristetraprolin (TTP), which functions to destabilize cytokine transcripts. This resulted in enhanced secretion of proangiogenic cytokines and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In SCCHN cells overexpressing GALR2, inactivation of TTP increased secretion of IL-6 and VEGF, whereas inhibition of p38 activated TTP and decreased cytokine secretion. Here, we report that GALR2 stimulates tumor angiogenesis in SCCHN via p38-mediated inhibition of TTP with resultant enhanced cytokine secretion. Given that p38 inhibitors are in clinical use for inflammatory disorders, GALR2/p38-mediated cytokine secretion may be an excellent target for new adjuvant therapy in SCCHN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Banerjee
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Craniofacial Biology, The Medical University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ginzburg S, Golovine KV, Makhov PB, Uzzo RG, Kutikov A, Kolenko VM. Piperlongumine inhibits NF-κB activity and attenuates aggressive growth characteristics of prostate cancer cells. Prostate 2014; 74:177-86. [PMID: 24151226 PMCID: PMC4052841 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated NF-κB activity has been previously demonstrated in prostate cancer cell lines as hormone-independent or metastatic characteristics develop. We look at the effects of piperlongumine (PL), a biologically active alkaloid/amide present in piper longum plant, on the NF-κB pathway in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. METHODS NF-κB activity was evaluated using Luciferase reporter assays and Western blot analysis of p50 and p65 nuclear translocation. IL-6, IL-8, and MMP-9 levels were assessed using ELISA. Cellular adhesion and invasiveness properties of prostate cancer cells treated with PL were also assessed. RESULTS NF-κB DNA-binding activity was directly down-regulated with increasing concentrations of PL, along with decreased nuclear translocation of p50 and p65 subunits. Expression of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-9, and ICAM-1 was attenuated, and a decrease of cell-to-matrix adhesion and invasiveness properties of prostate cancer cells were observed. CONCLUSIONS PL-mediated inhibition of NF-κB activity decreases aggressive growth characteristics of prostate cancer cells in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serge Ginzburg
- Department of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Petr B. Makhov
- Department of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Robert G. Uzzo
- Department of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alexander Kutikov
- Department of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Differential regulation of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) MT-A gene by nuclear factor interleukin-6 and activator protein-1. BMC Mol Biol 2013; 14:28. [PMID: 24341438 PMCID: PMC3867414 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2199-14-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously we have identified a distal region of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) metallothionein-A (rtMT-A) enhancer region, being essential for free radical activation of the rtMT-A gene. The distal promoter region included four activator protein 1 (AP1) cis-acting elements and a single nuclear factor interleukin-6 (NF-IL6) element. In the present study we used the rainbow trout hepatoma (RTH-149) cell line to further examine the involvement of NF-IL6 and AP1 in rtMT-A gene expression following exposure to oxidative stress and tumour promotion. RESULTS Using enhancer deletion studies we observed strong paraquat (PQ)-induced rtMT-A activation via NF-IL6 while the AP1 cis-elements showed a weak but significant activation. In contrast to mammals the metal responsive elements were not activated by oxidative stress. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) mutation analysis revealed that the two most proximal AP1 elements, AP11,2, exhibited strong binding to the AP1 consensus sequence, while the more distal AP1 elements, AP13,4 were ineffective. Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), a known tumor promoter, resulted in a robust induction of rtMT-A via the AP1 elements alone. To determine the conservation of regulatory functions we transfected human Hep G2 cells with the rtMT-A enhancer constructs and were able to demonstrate that the cis-elements were functionally conserved. The importance of NF-IL6 in regulation of teleost MT is supported by the conservation of these elements in MT genes from different teleosts. In addition, PMA and PQ injection of rainbow trout resulted in increased hepatic rtMT-A mRNA levels. CONCLUSIONS These studies suggest that AP1 primarily is involved in PMA regulation of the rtMT-A gene while NF-IL6 is involved in free radical regulation. Taken together this study demonstrates the functionality of the NF-IL6 and AP-1 elements and suggests an involvement of MT in protection during pathological processes such as inflammation and cancer.
Collapse
|
44
|
Mohty M, Malard F, Mohty B, Savani B, Moreau P, Terpos E. The effects of bortezomib on bone disease in patients with multiple myeloma. Cancer 2013; 120:618-23. [PMID: 24249482 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Bortezomib has demonstrated substantial activity in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma and is widely incorporated into treatment strategies across the different settings. It is interesting to note that data are accumulating to suggest that the activity of bortezomib extends beyond the tumor cell and microenvironment to encompass effects on bone metabolism. Indeed, data from both the preclinical and clinical settings have suggested that bortezomib directly stimulates osteoblast growth and differentiation, while also inhibiting osteoclast development and activity. Notably, in the clinical setting, the bone anabolic effects of bortezomib could be demonstrated by the healing of lytic lesions as noted in some patients. These results are of importance because bone disease is a hallmark of myeloma and therefore any agent that combines antimyeloma activity with positive effects on bone is of substantial interest. However, further studies are needed to establish how the agent should be used for the treatment of patients with bone disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Mohty
- Hematology Department, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France; INSERM (National Institute of Health and Medical Research) 938, Paris, France; Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mohty M, Brissot E, Savani BN, Gaugler B. Effects of Bortezomib on the Immune System: A Focus on Immune Regulation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2013; 19:1416-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
46
|
Yan B, Li H, Yang X, Shao J, Jang M, Guan D, Zou S, Van Waes C, Chen Z, Zhan M. Unraveling regulatory programs for NF-kappaB, p53 and microRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73656. [PMID: 24069219 PMCID: PMC3777940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), mutations of p53 usually coexist with aberrant activation of NF-kappaB (NF-κB), other transcription factors and microRNAs, which promote tumor pathogenesis. However, how these factors and microRNAs interact to globally modulate gene expression and mediate oncogenesis is not fully understood. We devised a novel bioinformatics method to uncover interactive relationships between transcription factors or microRNAs and genes. This approach is based on matrix decomposition modeling under the joint constraints of sparseness and regulator-target connectivity, and able to integrate gene expression profiling and binding data of regulators. We employed this method to infer the gene regulatory networks in HNSCC. We found that the majority of the predicted p53 targets overlapped with those for NF-κB, suggesting that the two transcription factors exert a concerted modulation on regulatory programs in tumor cells. We further investigated the interrelationships of p53 and NF-κB with five additional transcription factors, AP1, CEBPB, EGR1, SP1 and STAT3, and microRNAs mir21 and mir34ac. The resulting gene networks indicate that interactions among NF-κB, p53, and the two miRNAs likely regulate progression of HNSCC. We experimentally validated our findings by determining expression of the predicted NF-κB and p53 target genes by siRNA knock down, and by examining p53 binding activity on promoters of predicted target genes in the tumor cell lines. Our results elucidating the cross-regulations among NF-κB, p53, and microRNAs provide insights into the complex regulatory mechanisms underlying HNSCC, and shows an efficient approach to inferring gene regulatory programs in biological complex systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yan
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Huai Li
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xinping Yang
- Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Communication Disorder, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jiaofang Shao
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Minyoung Jang
- Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Communication Disorder, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Clinical Research Training Program, sponsored by National Institutes of Health and Pfizer, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daogang Guan
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Sige Zou
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carter Van Waes
- Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Communication Disorder, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zhong Chen
- Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Communication Disorder, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ming Zhan
- Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yan B, Broek RV, Saleh AD, Mehta A, Van Waes C, Chen Z. Signaling Networks of Activated Oncogenic and Altered Tumor Suppressor Genes in Head and Neck Cancer. JOURNAL OF CARCINOGENESIS & MUTAGENESIS 2013; Suppl 7:4. [PMID: 25587491 PMCID: PMC4289631 DOI: 10.4172/2157-2518.s7-004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) arises from the upper aerodigestive tract and is the six most common cancers worldwide. HNSCC is associated with high morbidity and mortality, as standard surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy can cause significant disfigurement and only provide 5-year survival rates of ~50-60%. The heterogeneity of HNSCC subsets with different potentials for recurrence and metastasis challenges the traditional pathological classification system, thereby increasing demand for the development of new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools based on global molecular signatures of HNSCC. Historically, using classical biological techniques, it has been extremely difficult and time-consuming to survey hundreds or thousands of genes in a given disease. However, the development of high throughput technologies and high-powered computation throughout the last two decades has enabled us to investigate hundreds or thousands of genes simultaneously. Using high throughput technologies, our laboratory has identified the gene signatures and protein networks, which significantly affect HNSCC malignant phenotypes, including TP53/p63/p73 family members, IL-1/TNF-β/NF-κB, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, IL-6/IL-6R/JAK/STAT3, EGFR/MAPK/AP1, HGF/cMET/EGR1, and TGFβ/TGFβR/TAK1/SMAD pathways. This review summarizes the results from high-throughput technological assays conducted on HNSCC samples, including microarray, DNA methylation, miRNA profiling, and protein array, using primarily experimental data and conclusions generated in our own laboratory. The use of bioinformatics and integrated analyses of data sets from different platforms, as well as meta-analysis of large datasets pulled from multiple publicly available studies, provided significantly higher statistical power to extract biologically relevant information. The data suggested that the heterogeneity of HNSCC genotype and phenotype are much more complex than we previously thought. Understanding of global molecular signatures and disease classification for specific subsets of HNSCC will be essential to provide accurate diagnoses for targeted therapy and personalized treatment, which is an important effort toward improving patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yan
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Robert Vander Broek
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
- NIH Medical Research Scholars Program, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Anthony D Saleh
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Arpita Mehta
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Carter Van Waes
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Zhong Chen
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bradford CR, Kumar B, Bellile E, Lee J, Taylor J, D'Silva N, Cordell K, Kleer C, Kupfer R, Kumar P, Urba S, Worden F, Eisbruch A, Wolf GT, Teknos TN, Prince MEP, Chepeha DB, Hogikyan ND, Moyer JS, Carey TE. Biomarkers in advanced larynx cancer. Laryngoscope 2013; 124:179-87. [PMID: 23775802 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2013] [Revised: 04/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To determine if tumor biomarkers were predictive of outcome in a prospective cohort of patients with advanced larynx cancer treated in a phase II clinical trial. STUDY DESIGN Prospectively collected biopsy specimens from 58 patients entered into a Phase II trial of organ preservation in advanced laryngeal cancer were evaluated for expression of a large panel of biomarkers, and correlations with outcome were determined. METHODS Tissue microarrays were constructed from pretreatment biopsies and stained for cyclin D1, CD24, EGFR, MDM2, PCNA, p53, survivin, Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, BAK, rhoC, and NFκB. Pattern of invasion and p53 mutations were assessed. Correlations with overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), time free from indication of surgery, induction chemotherapy response, and chemoradiation response were determined. Cox models were used to assess combinations of these biomarkers. RESULTS Low expression of BAK was associated with response to induction chemotherapy. Low expression of BAK and cytoplasmic NFκB was associated with chemoradiation response. Aggressive histologic growth pattern was associated with response induction chemotherapy. Expression of cyclin D1 was predictive of overall and disease-specific survival. Overexpression of EGFR was also associated with an increased risk of death from disease. Bcl-xL expression increased significantly in persistent/recurrent tumors specimens when compared to pretreatment specimens derived from the same patient (P = 0.0003). CONCLUSIONS Evaluation of biomarker expression in pretreatment biopsy specimens can lend important predictive and prognostic information for patients with advanced larynx cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol R Bradford
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Shionome T, Endo S, Omagari D, Asano M, Toyoma H, Ishigami T, Komiyama K. Nickel ion inhibits nuclear factor-kappa B activity in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68257. [PMID: 23844176 PMCID: PMC3700988 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The spontaneous IL-8 secretion observed in OSCC is partially dependent on the disregulated activity of transcription factor NF-κB. Nickel compounds are well established human carcinogens, however, little is known about the influence of nickel on the spontaneous secretion of IL-8 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Ni2+ ions can influence on IL-8 secretion by OSCC. Methods and Results The IL-8 secretion was measured by ELISA. The expression of IL-8 mRNA was examined by real-time PCR. The NF-κB activity was measured by luciferase assay. The phosphorylation status and nuclear localization of NF-κB subunits were examined by Western blotting or Transfactor kit and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. The interaction of NF-κB p50 subunit and Ni2+ ions was examined by Ni2+-column pull down assay. The site-directed mutagenesis was used to generate a series of p50 mutants. Scratch motility assay was used to monitor the cell mobility. Our results demonstrated that, on the contrary to our expectations, Ni2+ ions inhibited the spontaneous secretion of IL-8. As IL-8 reduction was observed in a transcriptional level, we performed the luciferase assay and the data indicated that Ni2+ ions reduced the NF-κB activity. Measurement of p50 subunit in the nucleus and the immunofluorescence staining revealed that the inhibitory effect of Ni2+ ions was attributed to the prevention of p50 subunit accumulation to the nucleus. By Ni2+-column pull down assay, Ni2+ ions were shown to interact directly with His cluster in the N-terminus of p50 subunit. The inhibitory effect of Ni2+ ions was reverted in the transfectant expressing the His cluster-deleted p50 mutant. Moreover, Ni2+ ions inhibited the OSCC mobility in a dose dependent fashion. Conclusions Taken together, inhibition of NF-κB activity by Ni2+ ion might be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shionome
- Department of Partial Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Endo
- Department of Partial Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Omagari
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatake Asano
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hitoshi Toyoma
- Department of Partial Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ishigami
- Department of Partial Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Komiyama
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Turksma AW, Braakhuis BJ, Bloemena E, Meijer CJ, Leemans CR, Hooijberg E. Immunotherapy for head and neck cancer patients: shifting the balance. Immunotherapy 2013; 5:49-61. [PMID: 23256798 DOI: 10.2217/imt.12.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer in the western world. Over the last few decades little improvement has been made to increase the relatively low 5-year survival rate. This calls for novel and improved therapies. Here, we describe opportunities in immunotherapy for head and neck cancer patients and hurdles yet to be overcome. Viruses are involved in a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cases. The incidence of HPV-related head and neck cancer is increasing and is a distinctly different disease from other head and neck carcinomas. Virus-induced tumors express viral antigens that are good targets for immunotherapeutic treatment options. The type of immunotherapeutic treatment, either active or passive, should be selected depending on the HPV status of the tumor and the immune status of the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annelies W Turksma
- VU University Medical Center - Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Pathology 2.26, de Boelelaan 1117, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|