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Tripathi PN, Lodhi A, Rai SN, Nandi NK, Dumoga S, Yadav P, Tiwari AK, Singh SK, El-Shorbagi ANA, Chaudhary S. Review of Pharmacotherapeutic Targets in Alzheimer's Disease and Its Management Using Traditional Medicinal Plants. Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis 2024; 14:47-74. [PMID: 38784601 PMCID: PMC11114142 DOI: 10.2147/dnnd.s452009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, memory loss, and impaired daily functioning. While there is currently no cure for AD, several pharmacotherapeutic targets and management strategies have been explored. Additionally, traditional medicinal plants have gained attention for their potential role in AD management. Pharmacotherapeutic targets in AD include amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and cholinergic dysfunction. Traditional medicinal plants, such as Ginkgo biloba, Huperzia serrata, Curcuma longa (turmeric), and Panax ginseng, have demonstrated the ability to modulate these targets through their bioactive compounds. Ginkgo biloba, for instance, contains flavonoids and terpenoids that exhibit neuroprotective effects by reducing Aβ deposition and enhancing cerebral blood flow. Huperzia serrata, a natural source of huperzine A, has acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting properties, thus improving cholinergic function. Curcuma longa, enriched with curcumin, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, potentially mitigating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Panax ginseng's ginsenosides have shown neuroprotective and anti-amyloidogenic properties. The investigation of traditional medicinal plants as a complementary approach to AD management offers several advantages, including a lower risk of adverse effects and potential multi-target interactions. Furthermore, the cultural knowledge and utilization of these plants provide a rich source of information for the development of new therapies. However, further research is necessary to elucidate the precise mechanisms of action, standardize preparations, and assess the safety and efficacy of these natural remedies. Integrating traditional medicinal-plant-based therapies with modern pharmacotherapies may hold the key to a more comprehensive and effective approach to AD treatment. This review aims to explore the pharmacotherapeutic targets in AD and assess the potential of traditional medicinal plants in its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhash Nath Tripathi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankit Lodhi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sachchida Nand Rai
- Center of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nilay Kumar Nandi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Dumoga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Center of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abdel-Nasser A El-Shorbagi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sachin Chaudhary
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar M, Hosseinzadeh H. The ameliorative effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn) extract and its major constituent, curcumin, and its analogs on ethanol toxicity. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2165-2181. [PMID: 38396341 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Ethanol toxicity is a major public health problem that can cause damage to various organs in the body by several mechanisms inducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the potential of herbal medicines as therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of various disorders. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) extracts and its main components including curcumin have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. This review aims to evaluate the literature on the ameliorative effects of turmeric extracts and their main components on ethanol toxicity. The relevant studies were identified through searches of Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus without any time limitation. The underlying mechanisms of turmeric and curcumin were also discussed. The findings suggest that turmeric and curcumin ameliorate ethanol-induced organ damage by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, MAPK activation, TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, hyperlipidemia, regulating hepatic enzymes, expression of SREBP-1c and PPAR-α. However, the limited clinical evidence suggests that further research is needed to determine the efficacy and safety of turmeric and curcumin in human subjects. In conclusion, the available evidence supports the potential use of turmeric and curcumin as alternative treatments for ethanol toxicity, but further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Brockmueller A, Mueller AL, Kunnumakkara AB, Aggarwal BB, Shakibaei M. Multifunctionality of Calebin A in inflammation, chronic diseases and cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:962066. [PMID: 36185259 PMCID: PMC9523377 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.962066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases including cancer have high case numbers as well as mortality rates. The efficient treatment of chronic diseases is a major ongoing medical challenge worldwide, because of their complexity and many inflammatory pathways such as JNK, p38/MAPK, MEK/ERK, JAK/STAT3, PI3K and NF-κB among others being implicated in their pathogenesis. Together with the versatility of chronic disease classical mono-target therapies are often insufficient. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory as well as anti-cancer capacities of polyphenols are currently investigated to complement and improve the effect of classical anti-inflammatory drugs, chemotherapeutic agents or to overcome drug resistance of cancer cells. Currently, research on Calebin A, a polyphenolic component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), is becoming of growing interest with regard to novel treatment strategies and has already been shown health-promoting as well as anti-tumor properties, including anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, in diverse cancer cells. Within this review, we describe already known anti-inflammatory activities of Calebin A via modulation of NF-κB and its associated signaling pathways, linked with TNF-α, TNF-β and COX-2 and further summarize Calebin A’s tumor-inhibiting properties that are known up to date such as reduction of cancer cell viability, proliferation as well as metastasis. We also shed light on possible future prospects of Calebin A as an anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranka Brockmueller
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Mueller
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | | | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Mehdi Shakibaei,
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Hassan NA, Alshamari AK, Hassan AA, Elharrif MG, Alhajri AM, Sattam M, Khattab RR. Advances on Therapeutic Strategies for Alzheimer’s Disease: From Medicinal Plant to Nanotechnology. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154839. [PMID: 35956796 PMCID: PMC9369981 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic dysfunction of neurons in the brain leading to dementia. It is characterized by gradual mental failure, abnormal cognitive functioning, personality changes, diminished verbal fluency, and speech impairment. It is caused by neuronal injury in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal area of the brain. The number of individuals with AD is growing at a quick rate. The pathology behind AD is the progress of intraneuronal fibrillary tangles, accumulation of amyloid plaque, loss of cholinergic neurons, and decrease in choline acetyltransferase. Unfortunately, AD cannot be cured, but its progression can be delayed. Various FDA-approved inhibitors of cholinesterase enzyme such as rivastigmine, galantamine, donepezil, and NDMA receptor inhibitors (memantine), are available to manage the symptoms of AD. An exhaustive literature survey was carried out using SciFinder’s reports from Alzheimer’s Association, PubMed, and Clinical Trials.org. The literature was explored thoroughly to obtain information on the various available strategies to prevent AD. In the context of the present scenario, several strategies are being tried including the clinical trials for the treatment of AD. We have discussed pathophysiology, various targets, FDA-approved drugs, and various drugs in clinical trials against AD. The goal of this study is to shed light on current developments and treatment options, utilizing phytopharmaceuticals, nanomedicines, nutraceuticals, and gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser A. Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (M.S.)
- Synthetic Unit, Department of Photochemistry, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
- Correspondence: or
| | - Asma K. Alshamari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Ha’il University, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Allam A. Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez 43221, Egypt;
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed G. Elharrif
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah M. Alhajri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Mohammed Sattam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Reham R. Khattab
- Synthetic Unit, Department of Photochemistry, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
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3- O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Doped Enteric-Coated Gelatin Capsules towards the Advanced Oral Curcumin Delivery for Cancers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112207. [PMID: 35683880 PMCID: PMC9182627 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Among plant-derived polyphenols, curcumin has been recognized as a therapeutically potent nutrient presenting pleiotropic pharmacological effects on various cancers. However, the poor absorption and bioavailability of curcumin limit the use of this excellent naturally occurring polyphenol. 3-O-ethyl-L-ascorbic acid (EA) doped enteric-coated gelatin capsules were studied in the search for advanced oral curcumin delivery. The EA doped enteric-coated gelatin capsules were successfully created based on a developed inner dual enteric coating technique. When placed in four buffer solutions with different pHs (pH 2.0, 5.0, 6.0, and 7.3), the coated gelatin capsules showed delayed-release profiles of curcumin below pH 6.0. In contrast, both pristine and fabricated gelatin capsules showed similar curcumin release profiles at pH 7.3, which is a common pH observed in the lower gastrointestinal tract, especially intestinal regions. In conclusion, these results demonstrated the potential of the EA doped enteric-coated gelatin capsules in developing advanced oral delivery of curcumin targeting intestinal-specific regions.
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Sanli E, Dincel GC, Umay E. Effect of Local and Systemic Dimethylsulfoxide on Peripheral Nerve Repair: A Controlled Randomized Experimental Study. J INVEST SURG 2021; 34:454-465. [PMID: 31343376 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2019.1644403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the possible beneficial effect of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) on peripheral nerve repair in rats. Methods: Seventy rats were divided into four groups: control, sham, DMSO-L, and DMSO-IP. Except in the control group, nerve repair was done at the right sciatic nerve. DMSO was administered locally and intraperitoneally for 12 weeks to the DMSO-L and DMSO-IP groups, respectively. No therapeutic agent was administered to the other groups. Nerve regeneration was assessed by behavioral, electrophysiological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical tests. Results: With the exception of S-100 protein expression, all results indicate that DMSO has a beneficial effect on peripheral nerve regeneration. Functional nerve recovery was notably more evident in the DMSO-L than in the DMSO-IP group. Under macroscopic examination, nerve scores of the regeneration area in the DMSO-L group was also better than in the others. Discussion: We believe that DMSO can improve peripheral nerve regeneration in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Sanli
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Kirikkale University Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Gungor Cagdas Dincel
- Eskil Vocational High School, Laboratory and Veterinary Science, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Ebru Umay
- Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
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Cantacorps L, Montagud-Romero S, Valverde O. Curcumin treatment attenuates alcohol-induced alterations in a mouse model of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 100:109899. [PMID: 32109509 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol exposure during development produces physical and mental abnormalities in the foetus that result in long-term molecular adjustments in the brain, which could underlie the neurobehavioural deficits observed in individuals suffering from foetal alcohol spectrum disorders. In this study, we assessed the effects of curcumin on cognitive impairments caused by prenatal and lactational alcohol exposure (PLAE). Furthermore, we examined whether curcumin could counteract the molecular alterations that may underlie these behavioural impairments. We focused on inflammatory and epigenetic mechanisms by analysing the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB, in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, as well as microglia and astrocyte activation in the dentate gyrus. We also assessed the activity of histone acetyltransferase in these brain areas. To model binge alcohol drinking, we exposed pregnant C57BL/6 mice to a 20% v/v alcohol solution during gestation and lactation, with limited access periods. We treated male offspring with curcumin during postnatal days (PD28-35) and then evaluated their behaviour in adulthood (PD60). Our results showed that curcumin treatment during the peri-adolescence period improved the anxiety and memory deficits observed in PLAE mice. At the molecular level, we found enhanced histone acetyltransferase activity in mice subjected to PLAE that curcumin treatment could not reverse to baseline levels. These mice also showed increased expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, which could be rescued by curcumin treatment. They also displayed astrogliosis and microglia activation. Our study provides further evidence to support the use of curcumin as a therapeutic agent for counteracting behavioural and molecular alterations induced by PLAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Cantacorps
- Neurobiology of Behaviour Research Group (GReNeC-NeuroBio), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Montagud-Romero
- Neurobiology of Behaviour Research Group (GReNeC-NeuroBio), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Valverde
- Neurobiology of Behaviour Research Group (GReNeC-NeuroBio), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Neuroscience Research Programme, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
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Shariare MH, Rahman M, Lubna SR, Roy RS, Abedin J, Marzan AL, Altamimi MA, Ahamad SR, Ahmad A, Alanazi FK, Kazi M. Liposomal drug delivery of Aphanamixis polystachya leaf extracts and its neurobehavioral activity in mice model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6938. [PMID: 32332809 PMCID: PMC7181877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s etc.) causes brain cell damage leading to dementia. The major restriction remains in delivering drug to the central nervous system is blood brain barrier (BBB). The aim of this study was to develop a liposomal drug delivery system of Aphanamixis polystachya leaf extract for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. In this study GC-MS analysis is used to determine major constituents of Aphanamixis polystachya leaf extract. Liposomal batches of Aphanamixis polystachya leaf extract was prepared using design of experiment (DoE) and characterized using Malvern zetasizer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and FT-IR. Stability study of blank and leaf extract loaded liposome were performed in gastric media. In-vivo neurobehavioral and anti-inflammatory studies were performed on mice and rat model respectively. GC-MS data showed that major constituents of Aphanamixis polystachya leaf extract are 2-Pentanone, different acids (Octadec-9-enoic acid, 5-Hydroxypipeloic acid etc.), and Beta-Elemene etc. Malvern Zetasizer and TEM data showed that liposome batches of Aphanamixis polystachya leaf extract were in the range of 120 - 180 nm. Interactions between process parameters and material attributes found to have more impact on the average particle size and polydispersity of liposome batches compared to the impact of each parameter in isolation. Stability studies data suggest that blank and leaf extract loaded liposomes were stable at gastric conditions after 4 hours. In-vivo neurobehavioural study data indicated that significant improvement in the memory function, locomotor activity and ambulatory performance of dementia induced mice was observed for the liposomal batches compared to merely A. polystachya leaf extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H Shariare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Mahbubur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shamshad R Lubna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Reeti S Roy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Joynal Abedin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Akbar L Marzan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Rizwan Ahamad
- Central Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fars K Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsin Kazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Dietary Phytochemicals as Neurotherapeutics for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Plausible Mechanism and Evidence. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 24:615-646. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-30402-7_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Sharma R, Kuca K, Nepovimova E, Kabra A, Rao MM, Prajapati PK. Traditional Ayurvedic and herbal remedies for Alzheimer's disease: from bench to bedside. Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19:359-374. [PMID: 30884983 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1596803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder prevalent worldwide among elderly populations. Owing to limited efficacy, side effects, and poor patient compliance for current rationally designed therapies, options are being searched from alternate therapies such as Indian (Ayurvedic), Chinese, or other traditional systems. Areas covered: Following a comprehensive literature search, the authors provide a review encompassing: (1) pathophysiological changes involved in AD, (2) Ayurvedic holistic approach and herbal medicines to manage dementia and AD, and (3) traditional plants and their phytoconstituents effective in AD with description of possible mechanism of action. Expert opinion: Traditional remedies could be adjunct therapeutic options to allay wide-ranging pathological cascades of AD. Ayurveda offers a holistic approach of treatment along with a list of nootropic herbs and formulations that are the rich sources of antioxidants, anti-amyloidogenic, neuroprotective, adaptogenic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory compounds that are found to modulate neuroendocrine-immune activities, enhance memory, intellect, rejuvenate brain functions, and improve quality of life. A strong knowledge base of traditional systems coupled with contemporary science may provide new functional leads for age-associated neurodegenerative disorders at preventive, promotive, and curative levels, and evolution of new drug therapies and development processes, though further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- a Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development , CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India , Bidhannagar , Kolkata , India
| | - Kamil Kuca
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Hradec Kralove , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Hradec Kralove , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic
| | - Atul Kabra
- c Department of Pharmacology , Kota College of Pharmacy , Kota , Rajasthan , India
| | - M M Rao
- d Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development , Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India , Bidhannagar , Kolkata , India
| | - P K Prajapati
- e Rasashastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana , All India Institute of Ayurveda , New Delhi , India
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Riza YM, Parves MR, Tithi FA, Alam S. Quantum chemical calculation and binding modes of H1R; a combined study of molecular docking and DFT for suggesting therapeutically potent H1R antagonist. In Silico Pharmacol 2019; 7:1. [PMID: 30863716 PMCID: PMC6389732 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-019-0050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Histamine-1 receptor (H1R) belongs to the family of rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptors expressed in cells that mediates allergies and other pathophysiological diseases. For alleviation of allergic symptoms, H1R antagonists are therapeutic drugs; of which the most frequently prescribed are second generation drugs, such as; Cetirizine, Loratadine, Hydroxyzine, Desloratadine, Bepotastine, Acrivastine and Rupatadine. To understand their potency, binding affinity and interaction; we have employed molecular docking and quantum chemical study such as; Induced-fit docking and calculation of quantum chemical descriptors. This study also introduces the binding site characterization of H1R, with its known antagonists and Curcumin (our proposed alternative H1R antagonist); useful for future drug target site. The interactive binding site residues of H1R are found to be; Lys-191, Tyr-108, Asp-107, Tyr-100, Lys-179, Lys-191, Thr-194, Trp-428, Phe-432, Tyr-458, Hie-450, with most of these shown to be inhibited by naturally-occurring compound curcumin. Amongst the FDA approved drugs, Hydroxyzine showed best ligand binding affinity, calculated as - 141.491 kcal/mol and naturally occurring compound, Curcumin showed binding affinity of - 87.046 kcal/mol. The known antagonists of H1R has been used for hypothesizing curcumin as naturally occurring lead compound for the target using accurate molecular docking simulation study. Though the pharmacological action of known inhibitor is already established, they could differ from their reactivity, which we have also focused in our study for predicting drug reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Mohamed Riza
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC), Foy’s Lake, Khushi-4202, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rimon Parves
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC), Foy’s Lake, Khushi-4202, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Fahmida Alam Tithi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC), Foy’s Lake, Khushi-4202, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjida Alam
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC), Foy’s Lake, Khushi-4202, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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van der Vlies AJ, Morisaki M, Neng HI, Hansen EM, Hasegawa U. Framboidal Nanoparticles Containing a Curcumin–Phenylboronic Acid Complex with Antiangiogenic and Anticancer Activities. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:861-870. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André J. van der Vlies
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, 1212 Mid-Campus Drive North, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Manami Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hoi I Neng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Emma M. Hansen
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, 1005 Durland Hall, 1701A Platt Street, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Urara Hasegawa
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, 1005 Durland Hall, 1701A Platt Street, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
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Sun Y, Yang T, Leak RK, Chen J, Zhang F. Preventive and Protective Roles of Dietary Nrf2 Activators Against Central Nervous System Diseases. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2018; 16:326-338. [PMID: 28042770 DOI: 10.2174/1871527316666170102120211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system diseases are major health issues and are often associated with disability or death. Most central nervous system disorders are characterized by high levels of oxidative stress. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor (Nrf2) is known for its ability to regulate the expression of a series of enzymes with antioxidative, prosurvival, and detoxification effects. Under basal conditions, Nrf2 forms a complex with Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1, leading to Nrf2 inactivation via ubiquitination and degradation. However, following exposure of Keap1 to oxidative stress, Nrf2 is released from Keap1, activated, and translocated into the nucleus. Upon nuclear entry, Nrf2 binds to antioxidant response elements (ARE), thereby inducing the expression of genes such as glutathione s-transferase, heme oxygenase 1, and NADPH quinine oxidoreductase 1. Many dietary phytochemicals have been reported to activate the protective Nrf2/ARE pathway. Here, we review the preventive and protective effects of dietary Nrf2 activators against CNS diseases, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. United States
| | - Tuo Yang
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. United States
| | - Rehana K Leak
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mylan School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282. United States
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. United States
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. United States
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Rahmani AH, Alsahli MA, Aly SM, Khan MA, Aldebasi YH. Role of Curcumin in Disease Prevention and Treatment. Adv Biomed Res 2018; 7:38. [PMID: 29629341 PMCID: PMC5852989 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_147_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment based on traditional medicine is very popular in developing world due to inexpensive properties. Nowadays, several types of preparations based on medicinal plants at different dose have been extensively recognized in the diseases prevention and treatment. In this vista, latest findings support the effect of Curcuma longa and its chief constituents curcumin in a broad range of diseases cure via modulation of physiological and biochemical process. In addition, various studies based on animal mode and clinical trials showed that curcumin does not cause any adverse complications on liver and kidney function and it is safe at high dose. This review article aims at gathering information predominantly on pharmacological activities such as anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, hepato-protective activity, anti-inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salah M Aly
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Masood A Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef H Aldebasi
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Khatoon SS, Rehman M, Rahman A. The Role of Natural Products in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64058-1.00003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Jiménez-Osorio AS, Monroy A, Alavez S. Curcumin and insulin resistance-Molecular targets and clinical evidences. Biofactors 2016; 42:561-580. [PMID: 27325504 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin ((1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione), the main component of the Indian spice turmeric, has been used in traditional medicine to improve diabetes and its comorbidities. Since the last two decades, scientific research has shown that in addition to its antioxidant properties, curcumin could also work as protein homeostasis regulator and it is able to modulate other intracellular pathways. Curcumin supplementation has been proposed to improve insulin resistance (IR) through the activation of the insulin receptor and its downstream pathways in several experimental models, pointing out that its clinical use may be a good and innocuous strategy to improve IR-related diseases. IR is associated with many diseases and syndromes like carbohydrate intolerance, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is imperative to identify safe therapeutic interventions aimed to reduce side effects that could lead the patient to leave the treatment. To date, many clinical trials have been carried out using turmeric and curcumin to improve metabolic syndrome, carbohydrate intolerance, diabetes, and obesity in individuals with IR. Results so far are inconclusive because dose, time of treatment, and type of curcumin can change the study outcome significantly. However, there is some clinical evidence suggesting a beneficial effect of curcumin on IR. In this review, we discuss the factors that could influence curcumin effects in clinical trials aimed to improve IR and related diseases, and the conclusions that can be drawn from results obtained so far. © 2016 BioFactors, 42(6):561-580, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana Monroy
- Oncología y Dirección de Investigación, Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga,", México D.F, México
| | - Silvestre Alavez
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Estado de México, México
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Mazzanti G, Di Giacomo S. Curcumin and Resveratrol in the Management of Cognitive Disorders: What is the Clinical Evidence? Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21091243. [PMID: 27649135 PMCID: PMC6273006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of in vitro and in vivo evidences shows a possible role of polyphenols in counteracting neurodegeneration: curcumin and resveratrol are attractive substances in this regard. In fact, epidemiological studies highlight a neuroprotective effect of turmeric (rhizome of Curcuma longa L.), the main source of curcumin. Moreover, the consumption of red wine, the main source of resveratrol, has been related to a lower risk of developing dementia. In this review, we analyzed the published clinical trials investigating curcumin and resveratrol in the prevention or treatment of cognitive disorders. The ongoing studies were also described, in order to give an overview of the current search on this topic. The results of published trials (five for curcumin, six for resveratrol) are disappointing and do not allow to draw conclusions about the therapeutic or neuroprotective potential of curcumin and resveratrol. These compounds, being capable of interfering with several processes implicated in the early stages of dementia, could be useful in preventing or in slowing down the pathology. To this aim, an early diagnosis using peripheral biomarkers becomes necessary. Furthermore, the potential preventive activity of curcumin and resveratrol should be evaluated in long-term exposure clinical trials, using preparations with high bioavailability and that are well standardized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Mazzanti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza - University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Di Giacomo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza - University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Shin HS, See HJ, Jung SY, Choi DW, Kwon DA, Bae MJ, Sung KS, Shon DH. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) attenuates food allergy symptoms by regulating type 1/type 2 helper T cells (Th1/Th2) balance in a mouse model of food allergy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 175:21-29. [PMID: 26342520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has traditionally been used to treat pain, fever, allergic and inflammatory diseases such as bronchitis, arthritis, and dermatitis. In particular, turmeric and its active component, curcumin, were effective in ameliorating immune disorders including allergies. However, the effects of turmeric and curcumin have not yet been tested on food allergies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were immunized with intraperitoneal ovalbumin (OVA) and alum. The mice were orally challenged with 50mg OVA, and treated with turmeric extract (100mg/kg), curcumin (3mg/kg or 30 mg/kg) for 16 days. Food allergy symptoms including decreased rectal temperature, diarrhea, and anaphylaxis were evaluated. In addition, cytokines, immunoglobulins, and mouse mast cell protease-1 (mMCP-1) were evaluated using ELISA. RESULTS Turmeric significantly attenuated food allergy symptoms (decreased rectal temperature and anaphylactic response) induced by OVA, but curcumin showed weak improvement. Turmeric also inhibited IgE, IgG1, and mMCP-1 levels increased by OVA. Turmeric reduced type 2 helper cell (Th2)-related cytokines and enhanced a Th1-related cytokine. Turmeric ameliorated OVA-induced food allergy by maintaining Th1/Th2 balance. Furthermore, turmeric was confirmed anti-allergic effect through promoting Th1 responses on Th2-dominant immune responses in immunized mice. CONCLUSION Turmeric significantly ameliorated food allergic symptoms in a mouse model of food allergy. The turmeric as an anti-allergic agent showed immune regulatory effects through maintaining Th1/Th2 immune balance, whereas curcumin appeared immune suppressive effects. Therefore, we suggest that administration of turmeric including various components may be useful to ameliorate Th2-mediated allergic disorders such as food allergy, atopic dermatitis, and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Soon Shin
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea; Food Biotechnology Program, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jeong See
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Jung
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Woon Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Ae Kwon
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Bae
- Institutes of Entrepreneurial BioConvergence, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Seung Sung
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Shon
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea; Food Biotechnology Program, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Neuropsychopharmacotherapeutic efficacy of curcumin in experimental paradigm of autism spectrum disorders. Life Sci 2015; 141:156-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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21
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Hassan HA, El-Gharib NE. Obesity and Clinical Riskiness Relationship: Therapeutic Management by Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation—a Review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 176:647-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1602-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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22
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Nishteswar K, Joshi H, Karra RD. Role of indigenous herbs in the management of Alzheimer's disease. Anc Sci Life 2015; 34:3-7. [PMID: 25737604 PMCID: PMC4342646 DOI: 10.4103/0257-7941.150763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a natural phenomenon and decline of physiological and structural changes are incurable in advancing years of human life. When such degenerative changes occur in the brain they may lead to dementia and other memory related conditions. The Ayurvedic classics identified the importance of higher faculties dealing with memory and introduced a separate group of drugs namely Medhya Rasayanas. Regular intake of such drugs will help to prevent the onset of degenerative changes in the brain prematurely. Ayurveda can play a useful role in the management of such geriatric conditions. The current review has been done with a view to update documented Ayurvedic therapeutic modalities for certain geriatric conditions suggested by Ayurvedic classics in the management of diseases called Vātavyādhi (nervous system disorders), which also include conditions related to memory functions. Recent studies have started validating the claims recorded in Ayurvedic texts. The pathogenesis and remedies for Vātavyādhi documented in Ayurvedic classics have been reviewed with special emphasis on disorders related to dementia. A review of recent researches on the herbs mentioned in management of vāta disorders including dementia have been done to understand their role in management of Alzheimer's disease (AD). There are many herbs of ethno-medicinal source studied experimentally for their potential in treatment of AD. A judicious combination of modern research methodology and Ayurvedic principles could go a long way in the management and care of AD which is going to be a heavy burden on the society in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nishteswar
- Department of Dravyaguna, Institute for Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Hemang Joshi
- Institute of Ayurvedic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Rahul Dutt Karra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
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23
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Akter F, Haque M, Islam J, Rahaman A, Bhowmick S, Hossain S. Chronic Administration of <i> Curcuma longa </i>Extract Improves Spatial Memory-Related Learning Ability in Aged Rats by Inhibiting Brain Cortico-Hippocampal Oxidative Stress and TNF<i>α</i>. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/aad.2015.43008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Yang JY, Xue X, Tian H, Wang XX, Dong YX, Wang F, Zhao YN, Yao XC, Cui W, Wu CF. Role of microglia in ethanol-induced neurodegenerative disease: Pathological and behavioral dysfunction at different developmental stages. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 144:321-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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25
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Fawzy IM, Youssef KM, Ismail NSM, Gullbo J, Abouzid KAM. Newly Designed and Synthesized Curcumin Analogs with in vitro Cytotoxicity and Tubulin Polymerization Activity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 86:80-90. [PMID: 25352318 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Novel curcumin analogs with 4-piperidone ring were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against five different cancer cell lines. 3,5-bis(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-4-oxo-N-phenylpiperidine-1-carbothioamide (XIIe) exhibited considerable cytotoxic activity with IC50 values in 1-2.5 μm range. In silico and in vitro, studies were also performed to predict the binding affinity of the target compounds to the β-chain of tubulin receptor (PDB code 1SA1) and their abilities to affect microtubules polymerization cycle. 3,5-bis(3-Iodo-5-methoxy-4-propoxybenzylidene)-N-acetylpiperidin-4-one (VIIa) was found to exert 93.3% inhibition of tubulin and destabilization of microtubules in vitro compared to vincristine while, 3,5-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-N-benzoylpiperidin-4-one (XIIc) showed high potency in a different way where it exerted 94.8% stabilization of microtubules in vitro compared to positive control paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iten M Fawzy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
| | - Khairia M Youssef
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
| | - Nasser S M Ismail
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Joachim Gullbo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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Marrazzo G, Barbagallo I, Galvano F, Malaguarnera M, Gazzolo D, Frigiola A, D'Orazio N, Li Volti G. Role of dietary and endogenous antioxidants in diabetes. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 54:1599-616. [PMID: 24580561 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.644874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes affects different people of all ages, race, and sex. This is a condition characterized by a state of chronic hyperglycaemia that leads to an increase of intracellular oxidative stress linked to the overproduction of free radicals. In the present review, we focus our attention on the molecular mechanisms leading to oxidative stress-mediates complications with particular regard to central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, the present review reports the effects of different kind of antioxidants with enzymatic and nonenzymatic action that may significantly decrease the intracellular free radicals' overproduction and prevents the hyperglycaemia-mediated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Marrazzo
- a Department of Drug Science, Section of Biochemistry , University of Catania , Catanina , Italy
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27
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Li Y, Shi X, Zhang J, Zhang X, Martin RCG. Hepatic protection and anticancer activity of curcuma: a potential chemopreventive strategy against hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2013; 44:505-13. [PMID: 24270742 PMCID: PMC3898719 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant transformation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurs through repetitive liver injury in a context of inflammation and oxidative DNA damage. A spectrum of natural sesquiterpenoids from curcuma oil has displayed anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties. The aim of the study was to investigate the hepatoprotective and anti-HCC effects of curcuma oil in vivo and in vitro. Mice were pretreated with curcuma oil (100 mg/kg) for 3 days, then treated with Concanavalin A (30 mg/kg). The hepatic tissue was evaluated for histology, CD4+ cell, interferon-γ, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine and MnSOD. C57L/J mice were treated with curcuma oil and 107 Hepa1-6 cells directly inoculated into liver lobes. The effects of curcuma oil on cell growth and cell death were evaluated. In addition, MnSOD, HSP60, catalase, NF-κB and caspase-3 were also investigated in the Hepa1-6 cells treated with curcuma oil. Pretreatment with curcuma oil significantly attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage by Concanavalin A. Treatment with curcuma oil can decrease the incidence of HCC. Curcuma oil inhibits cell growth and induces cell death in Hepa1-6 cells. Curcuma protected mice with hepatic injury from inflammatory and oxidative stress. Curcuma oil can inhibit hepatoma cell growth in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Xue Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Robert C G Martin
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Protective effects of curcumin against oxidative stress parameters and DNA damage in the livers and kidneys of rats with biliary obstruction. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 61:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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29
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Ahmed T, Gilani AH. Therapeutic potential of turmeric in Alzheimer's disease: curcumin or curcuminoids? Phytother Res 2013; 28:517-25. [PMID: 23873854 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. There is limited choice in modern therapeutics, and drugs available have limited success with multiple side effects in addition to high cost. Hence, newer and alternate treatment options are being explored for effective and safer therapeutic targets to address AD. Turmeric possesses multiple medicinal uses including treatment for AD. Curcuminoids, a mixture of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, are vital constituents of turmeric. It is generally believed that curcumin is the most important constituent of the curcuminoid mixture that contributes to the pharmacological profile of parent curcuminoid mixture or turmeric. A careful literature study reveals that the other two constituents of the curcuminoid mixture also contribute significantly to the effectiveness of curcuminoids in AD. Therefore, it is emphasized in this review that each component of the curcuminoid mixture plays a distinct role in making curcuminoid mixture useful in AD, and hence, the curcuminoid mixture represents turmeric in its medicinal value better than curcumin alone. The progress in understanding the disease etiology demands a multiple-site-targeted therapy, and the curcuminoid mixture of all components, each with different merits, makes this mixture more promising in combating the challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Touqeer Ahmed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, H-12 Kashmir Highway, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
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Curcumin Protects against 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium Ion- and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cytotoxicities in the Mouse Mesencephalic Astrocyte via Inhibiting the Cytochrome P450 2E1. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:523484. [PMID: 23843878 PMCID: PMC3703411 DOI: 10.1155/2013/523484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is extracted from the rhizomes of the ginger family plant Curcuma longa L., which has a good protection for liver, kidney, and immune system. However, there is little information about its contribution in protection of astrocytes recently. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the protective effect of curcumin, an herbal antioxidant, on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion- (MPP+-) and lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced cytotoxicities, as well as the underlying mechanisms by using primary mouse mesencephalic astrocytes. The results showed that curcumin protected the mesencephalic astrocytes from MPP+- and LPS-induced toxicities along with reducing reactive oxygen species (P < 0.05) and maleic dialdehyde (P < 0.05) sufficiently. Moreover, curcumin significantly inhibited the cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) expression (P < 0.01 at mRNA level, P < 0.05 at protein level) and its activity (P < 0.05) sufficiently induced by MPP+ and LPS in the mouse mesencephalic astrocytes. And curcumin as well as diallyl sulphide, a CYP2E1 positive inhibitor, ameliorated MPP+- and LPS-induced mouse mesencephalic astrocytes damage. Accordingly, curcumin protects against MPP+- and LPS-induced cytotoxicities in the mouse mesencephalic astrocyte via inhibiting the CYP2E1 expression and activity.
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Natarajan S, Shunmugiah KP, Kasi PD. Plants traditionally used in age-related brain disorders (dementia): an ethanopharmacological survey. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:492-523. [PMID: 23336528 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.738423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Epidemiological studies have shown that despite mortality due to communicable diseases, poverty and human conflicts, the incidence of dementia increases in the developing world in tandem with the ageing population. Although some FDA approved drugs are available for the treatment of dementia, the outcomes are often unsatisfactory. In traditional practices of medicine, numerous plants have been used to treat cognitive disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other memory-related disorders. In western medicine most of the drugs used for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders are derived from plant sources. OBJECTIVE This article reviews plants and their active constituents that have been used for their reputed cognitive-enhancing and antidementia effects. METHODS A literature survey in Science Direct, Pubmed, and Google Scholar was performed to gather information regarding drug discovery from plants sources for the treatment of congnitive disorders and dementia. RESULTS More than forty herbal remedies were identified with cholinesterase inhibitory, anti-inflammatory, or antioxidant activities. Bioactive compounds include alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, saponins, terpenoids, and essential oils. About eleven herbal plants with multipotent activity against AD are discussed. CONCLUSION Literature surveys show that most of the research has been conducted on herbal remedies effect on cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Studies regarding the effect of herbal drugs on β-secretase inhibitory activity and antiaggregation property are lacking. This review provides leads for identifying potential new drugs from plant sources for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suganthy Natarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ahmad M. Protective effects of curcumin against lithium-pilocarpine induced status epilepticus, cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress in young rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2013; 20:155-62. [PMID: 23961231 PMCID: PMC3730552 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE), one of the most severe forms of epilepsy is regarded a medical emergency with considerable morbidity and mortality. Due to the limited efficacy and enormous side effects of currently available drugs, a search for new safe and effective therapeutic agents is critical using experimentally induced SE in animals. The lithium-pilocarpine (Li-Pc) model of SE is most suitable and frequently used for pathophysiological and management strategies of SE. Recent studies have shown significant potential of pharmacological, prophylactic or therapeutic use of curcumin (Cur) in many beneficial activities in the body including neuroprotection in neurodegenerative diseases and antioxidant properties. The present study describes anticonvulsive effects of Cur in Li-Pc induced SE in young rats. The effect of Cur was examined on the intensity and frequency of SE, cognitive behavior in water maze as well as on oxidative stress related enzymes in the brain. Besides its anticonvulsant effect, Cur significantly ameliorates SE-induced cognitive dysfunction and oxidative damages in the hippocampus and striatum areas of the brain. Possible therapeutic application of Cur as an anticonvulsant and as an antioxidant for the treatment of SE has a great potential and warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ahmad
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, King Saud University, P.O. Box 642, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
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Ma C, Ma Z, Fu Q, Ma S. Curcumin attenuates allergic airway inflammation by regulation of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs)/Th17 balance in ovalbumin-sensitized mice. Fitoterapia 2013; 87:57-64. [PMID: 23500387 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the protective effects and the underlying mechanisms of curcumin on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic inflammation in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Asthma mice model was established by ovalbumin. A total of 60 mice were randomly assigned to six experimental groups: control, model, dexamethasone (2 mg/kg), and curcumin (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg). Airway resistance (Raw) was measured by the forced oscillation technique, differential cell count in BAL fluid (BALF) was measured by Wright-Giemsa staining, histological assessment was measured by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, BALF levels of Treg/Th17 cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Treg cells and Th17 cells were evaluated by flow cytometry (FCM). Our study demonstrated that curcumin inhibited OVA-induced increases in eosinophil count; interleukin (IL)-17A level were recovered in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid increased IL-10 level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Histological studies demonstrated that curcumin substantially inhibited OVA-induced eosinophilia in lung tissue. Flow cytometry (FCM) studies demonstrated that curcumin remarkably inhibited Th17 cells and significantly increased Treg cells. The results in vivo show ovalbumin-induced significantly broke Treg/Th17 balance; curcumin treatments markedly attenuated the inflammatory in asthma model by regulating Treg/Th17 balance. Our findings support the possible use of curcumin as a therapeutic drug for patients with allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Ma
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, PR China
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Abu-Taweel GM, Ajarem JS, Ahmad M. Protective Effect of Curcumin on Anxiety, Learning Behavior, Neuromuscular Activities, Brain Neurotransmitters and Oxidative Stress Enzymes in Cadmium Intoxicated Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2013.31008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Rinwa P, Kumar A. Piperine potentiates the protective effects of curcumin against chronic unpredictable stress-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative damage in mice. Brain Res 2012; 1488:38-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Shukla SD, Bhatnagar M, Khurana S. Critical evaluation of ayurvedic plants for stimulating intrinsic antioxidant response. Front Neurosci 2012; 6:112. [PMID: 22855669 PMCID: PMC3405414 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2012.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage caused by free radicals plays an important role in the causation and progression of many diseases, including aging. Free-radical damage is countered by many mechanisms, including both active antioxidant enzymatic activity in our body and passive antioxidants. Antioxidant response of our body can accommodate increased oxidative damage in diseased states to a level but beyond that level, additional antioxidants are required to combat the increased stress. Apart from the regular dietary sources of antioxidants, many traditional herbal medicines demonstrate a potential to boost antioxidant activity. Rasayana chikitsa that deals with rejuvenation and revitalization is a branch of the Indian traditional medical system of ayurveda. We review some select herbs described in rasayana chikitsa that have been assessed by modern means for stimulating intrinsic antioxidant responses in humans. A critical evaluation of rasayana chikitsa will likely provide urgently needed, actual stimulants of our physiological antioxidant responses and not just more passive antioxidants to add to an already large catalog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Dutt Shukla
- Shri Bhogi Lal Pandya Government College Dungarpur, Rajasthan, India
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Adaramoye OA, Nwosu IO, Farombi EO. Sub-acute effect of N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl-ester (L-NAME) on biochemical indices in rats: Protective effects of Kolaviron and extract of Curcuma longa L. Pharmacognosy Res 2012; 4:127-33. [PMID: 22923949 PMCID: PMC3424838 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.99071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kolaviron (KV) (biflavonoid from Garcinia kola) and extract of Curcuma longa (CL) are frequently used in folk medicine for treatment of hypertension. One of their mechanisms of action is to enhance antioxidant properties in animals. N(G)- nitro- l- arginine methyl- ester (L- NAME) is L- arginine analogue, which by binding to Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) may induce hypertension partly due to increase in tissues oxidative stress. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of L- NAME on some biochemical indices and the possible protective effect of KV or CL. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four groups consisting of 6 rats each were used. One group served as control, second group received L- NAME (40 mg/kg/day). Third and fourth groups were treated with KV and CL, respectively and also received L- NAME. KV and CL were given at a dose of 200 mg/kg/day. RESULTS L- NAME caused a significant (P <0.05) increase in the levels of serum urea, creatine kinase and alanine aminotransferase relative to controls. L- NAME treated rats had markedly decreased hepatic catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione- S- transferase (GST) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Precisely, L- NAME decreased CAT, SOD, GST and GSH by 48, 52, 76 and 40%, respectively. L- NAME intoxication significantly decreased (P <0.05) renal GSH and SOD levels. Also, L- NAME caused a significant (P <0.05) induction of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the animals. Administration of KV or CL with L- NAME caused significant (P <0.05) inhibition of LPO and augments tissue antioxidant indices. CONCLUSION These results confirm the adverse effect of L- NAME on biochemical indices and, the ability of kolaviron or Curcuma longa to ameliorate the alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatosin A. Adaramoye
- Department of Biochemistry, Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ifeanyi O. Nwosu
- Department of Biochemistry, Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer O. Farombi
- Department of Biochemistry, Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Khurana S, Jain S, Mediratta PK, Banerjee BD, Sharma KK. Protective role of curcumin on colchicine-induced cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2012; 31:686-97. [PMID: 22262262 DOI: 10.1177/0960327111433897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dementia is a syndrome of progressive nature, affects wide range of cognitive abilities like memory, language, calculation and so on, neuropsychiatric and social deficits to impair the routine social functions. The present study was designed to assess the effect of curcumin against colchicine-induced cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress in rats and compare it with rivastigmine. Colchicine (15 µg/5µl) was administered to male Wistar rats intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) by stereotaxic apparatus to induce cognitive dysfunction. Administration of colchicine caused poor retention of memory in elevated plus maze, passive avoidance apparatus and Morris water maze paradigms. Chronic treatment with curcumin (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) twice daily and rivastigmine (2.5 mg/kg, p.o.) daily for a period of 28 days beginning 7 days prior to colchicine injection significantly improved colchicine-induced cognitive impairment. Biochemical assessment revealed that i.c.v. colchicine injection significantly increased lipid peroxidation, depleted reduced glutathione levels and decreased acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity in rat brains. Chronic administration of curcumin significantly reduced the elevated lipid peroxidation, restored the reduced glutathione levels and AChE activity; however, rivastigmine failed to prevent oxidative stress. The results of the current study indicate that curcumin (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) twice daily has a protective role against colchicine-induced cognitive impairment and associated oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Khurana
- Department of Pharmacology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi), Delhi, India
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Antioxidant activity and protecting health effects of common medicinal plants. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2012; 67:75-139. [PMID: 23034115 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394598-3.00003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are traditionally used in folk medicine as natural healing remedies with therapeutic effects such as prevention of cardiovascular diseases, inflammation disorders, or reducing the risk of cancer. In addition, pharmacological industry utilizes medicinal plants due to the presence of active chemical substances as agents for drug synthesis. They are valuable also for food and cosmetic industry as additives, due to their preservative effects because of the presence of antioxidants and antimicrobial constituents. To commonly used medicinal plants with antioxidant activity known worldwide belong plants from several families, especially Lamiaceae (rosemary, sage, oregano, marjoram, basil, thyme, mints, balm), Apiaceae (cumin, fennel, caraway), and Zingiberaceae (turmeric, ginger). The antioxidant properties of medicinal plants depend on the plant, its variety, environmental conditions, climatic and seasonal variations, geographical regions of growth, degree of ripeness, growing practices, and many other factors such as postharvest treatment and processing. In addition, composition and concentration of present antioxidants, such as phenolic compounds, are related to antioxidant effect. For appropriate determination of antioxidant capacity, the extraction technique, its conditions, solvent used, and particular assay methodology are important.
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Abstract
Natural Products in the Drug Discovery Programmes in Alzheimer's: Impacts and Prospects. Advancement of chitosan based nanoparticles for present and future interests. Algal Tranformations for Enhanced Metabolite Production and Pathway Manipulation.
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Scapagnini G, Vasto S, Sonya V, Abraham NG, Nader AG, Caruso C, Calogero C, Zella D, Fabio G. Modulation of Nrf2/ARE pathway by food polyphenols: a nutritional neuroprotective strategy for cognitive and neurodegenerative disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2011; 44:192-201. [PMID: 21499987 PMCID: PMC5554938 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-011-8181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest, supported by a large number of experimental and epidemiological studies, for the beneficial effects of some phenolic substances, contained in commonly used spices and herbs, in preventing various age-related pathologic conditions, ranging from cancer to neurodegenerative diseases. Although the exact mechanisms by which polyphenols promote these effects remain to be elucidated, several reports have shown their ability to stimulate a general xenobiotic response in the target cells, activating multiple defense genes. Data from our and other laboratories have previously demonstrated that curcumin, the yellow pigment of curry, strongly induces heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and activity in different brain cells via the activation of heterodimers of NF-E2-related factors 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant responsive element (ARE) pathway. Many studies clearly demonstrate that activation ofNrf2 target genes, and particularly HO-1, in astrocytes and neurons is strongly protective against inflammation, oxidative damage, and cell death. In the central nervous system, the HO system has been reported to be very active, and its modulation seems to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Recent and unpublished data from our group revealed that low concentrations of epigallocatechin-3-gallate, the major green tea catechin, induces HO-1 by ARE/Nrf2 pathway in hippocampal neurons, and by this induction, it is able to protect neurons against different models of oxidative damages. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that other phenolics, such as caffeic acid phenethyl ester and ethyl ferulate, are also able to protect neurons via HO-1 induction. These studies identify a novel class of compounds that could be used for therapeutic purposes as preventive agents against cognitive decline.
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Lakshmanan AP, Watanabe K, Thandavarayan RA, Sari FR, Meilei H, Soetikno V, Arumugam S, Giridharan VV, Suzuki K, Kodama M. Curcumin attenuates hyperglycaemia-mediated AMPK activation and oxidative stress in cerebrum of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Free Radic Res 2011; 45:788-95. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2011.579121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Kim JY, Kweon KY, Lee HK, Kim SH, Yoo JK, Bae KH, Seong YH. Protective Effect of an Ethanol Extract Mixture of Curcuma longae Radix, Phellinus linteus, and Scutellariae Radix on Oxidative Neuronal Damage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.7783/kjmcs.2011.19.1.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Kumar A, Prakash A, Dogra S. Protective effect of curcumin (Curcuma longa) against D-galactose-induced senescence in mice. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2011; 13:42-55. [PMID: 21253949 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2010.544253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Brain senescence plays an important role in cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative disorders. Curcumin was reported to have beneficial effect against several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, the present study was conducted in order to explore the possible role of curcumin against D-galactose-induced cognitive dysfunction, oxidative damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction in mice. Chronic administration of D-galactose for 6 weeks significantly impaired cognitive function (both in Morris water maze and elevated plus maze), locomotor activity, oxidative defense (raised lipid peroxidation, nitrite concentration, depletion of reduced glutathione and catalase activity), and mitochondrial enzyme complex activities (I, II, and III) as compared to vehicle treated group. Curcumin (15 and 30 mg/kg) and galantamine (5 mg/kg) treatment for 6 weeks significantly improved cognitive tasks, locomotor activity, oxidative defense, and restored mitochondrial enzyme complex activity as compared to control (D-galactose). Chronic D-galactose treatment also significantly increased acetylcholine esterase activity that was attenuated by curcumin (15 and 30 mg/kg) and galantamine (5 mg/kg) treatment. In conclusion, the present study highlights the therapeutic potential of curcumin against d-galactose induced senescence in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Center of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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46
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Abstract
This review focuses on recent developments in the use of natural products as therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease. The compounds span a diverse array of structural classes and are organized according to their mechanism of action, with the focus primarily on the major hypotheses. Overall, the review discusses more than 180 compounds and summarizes 400 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
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47
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Zhao XZ, Jiang T, Wang L, Yang H, Zhang S, Zhou P. Interaction of curcumin with Zn(II) and Cu(II) ions based on experiment and theoretical calculation. J Mol Struct 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2010.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Srivastava RM, Singh S, Dubey SK, Misra K, Khar A. Immunomodulatory and therapeutic activity of curcumin. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 11:331-41. [PMID: 20828642 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 08/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a disease of vigorous uncontrolled activated immune responses. Overwhelming reports have suggested that the modulation of immune responses by curcumin plays a dominant role in the treatment of inflammation and metabolic diseases. Observations from both in-vitro and in-vivo studies have provided strong evidence towards the therapeutic potential of curcumin. These studies have also identified a plethora of biological targets and intricate mechanisms of action that characterize curcumin as a potent 'drug' for numerous ailments. During inflammation the functional influence of lymphocytes and the related cross-talk can be modulated by curcumin to achieve the desired immune status against diseases. This review describes the regulation of immune responses by curcumin and effectiveness of curcumin in treatment of diseases of diverse nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghvendra M Srivastava
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hillman Cancer Centre, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Effect of dimethylsulphoxide and curcumin on protein carbonyls and reactive oxygen species of cerebral hemispheres of mice as a function of age. Int J Dev Neurosci 2010; 28:351-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2010.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Revised: 04/05/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Candore G, Bulati M, Caruso C, Castiglia L, Colonna-Romano G, Di Bona D, Duro G, Lio D, Matranga D, Pellicanò M, Rizzo C, Scapagnini G, Vasto S. Inflammation, Cytokines, Immune Response, Apolipoprotein E, Cholesterol, and Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer Disease: Therapeutic Implications. Rejuvenation Res 2010; 13:301-13. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2009.0993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Candore
- Immunosenescence Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Methodologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Matteo Bulati
- Immunosenescence Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Methodologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Immunosenescence Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Methodologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Castiglia
- Immunosenescence Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Methodologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Colonna-Romano
- Immunosenescence Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Methodologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Danilo Di Bona
- Immunosenescence Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Methodologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Lio
- Immunosenescence Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Methodologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenica Matranga
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Legale, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariavaleria Pellicanò
- Immunosenescence Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Methodologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Rizzo
- Immunosenescence Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Methodologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Sonya Vasto
- Immunosenescence Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Methodologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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