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Hug E, Villeneuve P, Bravard S, Chorfa A, Damon-Soubeyrand C, Somkuti SG, Moazamian A, Aitken RJ, Gharagozloo P, Drevet JR, Saez F. Loss of Nuclear/DNA Integrity in Mouse Epididymal Spermatozoa after Short-Term Exposure to Low Doses of Dibutyl Phthalate or Bisphenol AF and Its Mitigation by Oral Antioxidant Supplementation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1046. [PMID: 37237912 PMCID: PMC10215174 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Routine exposure to chemicals omnipresent in the environment, particularly the so-called endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), has been associated with decreased sperm quality and increased anomalies in testis. The decline in semen quality and testicular abnormalities have been attributed to the disruption of endocrine signaling as well as oxidative stress. The present study set out to examine the effect of short-term exposure of two common EDCs widely used in the plastic industry: Dibutyl Phthalate (DBP) and Bisphenol AF (BPAF). Our research objective was to focus on the post-testicular compartment of the epididymis, where spermatozoa acquire their functional capacity and are stored. The data obtained indicated no significant effect for either chemicals on sperm viability, motility or acrosome integrity. Neither of the EDCs had a noticeable effect on the structures of the testis and epididymis. However, substantial impact on the integrity of the sperm nucleus and DNA structure was evidenced by a significant increase in nuclear decondensation and DNA base oxidation. The damage observed was postulated to arise from the pro-oxidant properties of the EDCs generating excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and triggering a state of oxidative stress. This hypothesis was confirmed when the observed damage was largely blocked by co-administering EDCs with an evidenced-based antioxidant formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Hug
- GReD Institute, CNRS UMR6293-Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculté de Médecine, CRBC, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pauline Villeneuve
- GReD Institute, CNRS UMR6293-Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculté de Médecine, CRBC, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stephanie Bravard
- GReD Institute, CNRS UMR6293-Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculté de Médecine, CRBC, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Areski Chorfa
- GReD Institute, CNRS UMR6293-Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculté de Médecine, CRBC, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christelle Damon-Soubeyrand
- GReD Institute, CNRS UMR6293-Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculté de Médecine, CRBC, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Aron Moazamian
- GReD Institute, CNRS UMR6293-Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculté de Médecine, CRBC, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CellOxess LLC, Ewing, NJ 08540, USA
| | - R. John Aitken
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle 2308, Australia
| | | | - Joël R. Drevet
- GReD Institute, CNRS UMR6293-Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculté de Médecine, CRBC, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fabrice Saez
- GReD Institute, CNRS UMR6293-Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculté de Médecine, CRBC, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Caporossi L, Alteri A, Campo G, Paci E, Tranfo G, Capanna S, Papaleo E, Pigini D, Viganò P, Papaleo B. Cross Sectional Study on Exposure to BPA and Phthalates and Semen Parameters in Men Attending a Fertility Center. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17020489. [PMID: 31940982 PMCID: PMC7013870 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Among the possible risk factors for male reproduction, exposure to phthalates and alkylphenols is widely documented. This study evaluated the possible association between chemical exposure and the quality of the seminal fluid of 105 subjects in a fertility clinic. The urinary levels of seven phthalate metabolites (monoethylphthalate, MEP; monobenzylphthalate, MBzP; mono n-butylphthalate, MnBP; mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, MEHP; mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, MEHHP; mono-n-octylphthalate, MnOP; mono-isononylphthalate, MiNP) and bisphenol A (BPA), were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry HPLC/MS/MS. The regression analysis showed that the semen volume was positively associated with MnBP, MnOP and BPA levels while was negatively associated with MiNP levels. The sperm concentration had a significant inverse relationship with MEP levels. A negative association was found between the use of plastic containers for food storage (p = 0.037) and semen volume (3.06 vs. 2.30 mL as average values, never vs daily). A significant positive correlation emerged (p < 0.005) between the consumption of canned food and the levels of BPA (2.81 vs. 0.14 µg/g creat as average values, daily vs. never) and between the use of perfumes and levels of MEP (389.86 vs. 48.68 µg/g creat, as average values, daily vs. never). No further statistically significant associations were found, even considering the working activity. Some evidence emerged about the possible link between exposure and seminal fluid quality: further case/control or prospective studies will allow us to confirm this causality hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Caporossi
- National Institute of Insurance against Accidents at Work-Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy; (E.P.); (G.T.); (S.C.); (D.P.); (B.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessandra Alteri
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.A.); (G.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Giovanni Campo
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.A.); (G.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Enrico Paci
- National Institute of Insurance against Accidents at Work-Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy; (E.P.); (G.T.); (S.C.); (D.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Giovanna Tranfo
- National Institute of Insurance against Accidents at Work-Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy; (E.P.); (G.T.); (S.C.); (D.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Silvia Capanna
- National Institute of Insurance against Accidents at Work-Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy; (E.P.); (G.T.); (S.C.); (D.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Enrico Papaleo
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.A.); (G.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Daniela Pigini
- National Institute of Insurance against Accidents at Work-Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy; (E.P.); (G.T.); (S.C.); (D.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Paola Viganò
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Bruno Papaleo
- National Institute of Insurance against Accidents at Work-Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy; (E.P.); (G.T.); (S.C.); (D.P.); (B.P.)
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3
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Boomsma CM, Cohlen BJ, Farquhar C. Semen preparation techniques for intrauterine insemination. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 10:CD004507. [PMID: 31612995 PMCID: PMC6792139 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004507.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semen preparation techniques for assisted reproduction, including intrauterine insemination (IUI), were developed to select the motile morphologically normal spermatozoa. The yield of many motile, morphologically normal spermatozoa might influence treatment choices and therefore outcomes. OBJECTIVES To compare the effectiveness of three different semen preparation techniques (gradient; swim-up; wash and centrifugation) on clinical outcomes (live birth rate; clinical pregnancy rate) in subfertile couples undergoing IUI. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group (CGFG) trials register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, Science Direct Database, National Research Register, Biological Abstracts and clinical trial registries in March 2019, and checked references and contacted study authors to identify additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy in terms of clinical outcomes of semen preparation techniques used for subfertile couples undergoing IUI. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures recommended by Cochrane. The primary review outcomes are live birth rate and clinical pregnancy rate per couple. MAIN RESULTS We included seven RCTS in the review; we included six of these, totalling 485 couples, in the meta-analysis. No trials reported the primary outcome of live birth. The evidence was of very low-quality. The main limitations were (unclear) risk of bias, signs of imprecision and inconsistency in results among studies and the small number of studies/participants included.Swim-up versus gradient technique Considering the quality of evidence, we are uncertain whether there was a difference between clinical pregnancy rates (CPR) for swim-up versus a gradient technique (odds ratio (OR) 0.83, 95% CI 0.51 to 1.35; I² = 71%; 4 RCTs, 370 participants; very low-quality evidence). The results suggest that if the chance of pregnancy after the use of a gradient technique is assumed to be 24%, the chance of pregnancy after using the swim-up technique is between 14% and 30%. We are uncertain whether there was a real difference between ongoing pregnancy rates per couple (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.82; heterogeneity not applicable; 1 RCT, 223 participants; very low-quality evidence). Considering the quality of evidence, we are uncertain whether there was a difference between multiple pregnancy rates (MPR) per couple comparing a swim-up versus gradient technique (MPR per couple 0% versus 0%; 1 RCT, 25 participants; very low-quality of evidence). Considering the quality of evidence, we are also uncertain whether there was a difference between miscarriage rates (MR) per couple comparing a swim-up versus gradient technique (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.28 to 2.59; I² = 44%; 3 RCTs, 330 participants; very low-quality evidence). No studies reported on ectopic pregnancy rate, fetal abnormalities or infection rate.Swim-up versus wash techniqueConsidering the quality of evidence, we are uncertain whether there is a difference in clinical pregnancy rates after a swim-up technique versus wash and centrifugation (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.15 to 1.13; I² = 55%; 2 RCTs, 78 participants; very low-quality evidence). The results suggest that if the chance of pregnancy after the use of a wash technique is assumed to be 38%, the chance of pregnancy after using the swim-up technique is between 9% and 41%. Considering the quality of evidence, we are uncertain whether there was a difference between multiple pregnancy rates between swim-up technique versus wash technique (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.02 to 13.28; heterogeneity not applicable; 1 RCT, 26 participants; very low-quality evidence). Miscarriage rate was only reported by one study: no miscarriages were reported in either treatment arm. No studies reported on ongoing pregnancy rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, fetal abnormalities or infection rate.Gradient versus wash techniqueConsidering the quality of evidence, we are uncertain whether there is a difference in clinical pregnancy rates after a gradient versus wash and centrifugation technique (OR 1.78, 95% CI 0.58 to 5.46; I² = 52%; 2 RCTs, 94 participants; very low-quality evidence). The results suggest that if the chance of pregnancy after the use of a wash technique is assumed to be 13%, the chance of pregnancy after using the gradient technique is between 8% and 46%. Considering the quality of evidence, we are uncertain whether there was a difference between multiple pregnancy rates per couple between the treatment groups (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.01 to 8.83; very low-quality evidence). Considering the quality of evidence, we are also uncertain whether there was a difference between miscarriage rates per couple between the treatment groups (OR 6.11, 95% CI 0.27 to 138.45; very low-quality evidence). No studies reported on ongoing pregnancy rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, fetal abnormalities or infection rate. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient evidence to recommend any specific semen preparation technique: swim-up versus gradient versus wash and centrifugation technique. No studies reported on live birth rates. Considering the quality of evidence (very low), we are uncertain whether there is a difference in clinical pregnancy rates, ongoing pregnancy rates, multiple pregnancy rates or miscarriage rates per couple) between the three sperm preparation techniques. Further randomised trials are warranted that report live birth data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolien M. Boomsma
- Bravis HospitalObstetrics and GynaecologyBoerhaaveplein 1Bergen op ZoomNetherlands4624 VT
| | - Ben J Cohlen
- Isala Clinics, Location SophiaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyDr van Heesweg 2Isala ZwolleNetherlands
| | - Cindy Farquhar
- University of AucklandDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyFMHS Park RoadGraftonAucklandNew Zealand1003
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Choubey M, Ranjan A, Bora PS, Baltazar F, Krishna A. Direct actions of adiponectin on changes in reproductive, metabolic, and anti-oxidative enzymes status in the testis of adult mice. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 279:1-11. [PMID: 29908833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major health problem that is linked to decreased sperm count. It is hypothesized that an obesity-associated reduction in adiponectin secretion may be responsible for impairment of spermatogenesis. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the direct role of adiponectin in spermatogenesis and steroid synthesis in adult mice. This study showed that adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) were localized in Leydig cells and seminiferous tubules in the testis of adult mice. The result of the in vitro study showed the direct action of adiponectin on spermatogenesis by stimulating cell proliferation (PCNA) and survival (Bcl2) and by suppressing cell apoptosis. Treatment of testis with adiponectin also enhanced transport of the energetic substrates glucose and lactate to protect cells from undergoing apoptosis. Adiponectin treatment further showed a significant reduction in oxidative stress and nitric oxide. Our findings suggest that adiponectin effectively facilitates cell survival and proliferation, as well as protects from apoptosis. Thus, adiponectin treatment may be responsible for enhancing sperm counts. Interestingly, this study showed the stimulatory effect of adiponectin in spermatogenesis but showed an inhibitory effect on testosterone and estradiol synthesis in the testes. Based on the present study, it is hypothesized that systemic adiponectin treatment may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the improvement of spermatogenesis and sperm count.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Choubey
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ashutosh Ranjan
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Puran S Bora
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, Pat & Willard Walker Eye Research Center, 4301 West Markham, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, AR 72205, USA
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Amitabh Krishna
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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5
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Baskaran S, Agarwal A, Leisegang K, Pushparaj PN, Panner Selvam MK, Henkel R. An In-Depth Bibliometric Analysis and Current Perspective on Male infertility Research. World J Mens Health 2019; 39:302-314. [PMID: 30799564 PMCID: PMC7994650 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.180114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Male infertility is emerging as a major, escalating global health problem that imposes the need to investigate research trends in male infertility. The purpose of this study is to analyze male infertility research trends in the past 20 years using the bibliometric database from Scopus. Materials and Methods In order to perform an in-depth bibliometric analysis, we propose a ‘Funnel Model’, which includes several layers representing different sub-areas of male infertility research. Adopting this Funnel Model, using Scopus, we retrieved relevant bibliometric data (articles per year, authors, affiliations, journals, and countries) for various areas of male infertility research and performed descriptive statistics. Results The bibliometric analysis showed an exponential increase in male infertility research in the last 20 years. USA dominated in research output, with Agarwal, A. as the most prolific researcher. Testicular cancer, obesity and metabolic syndrome, and azoospermia were found to dominate male infertility research, whereas erectile dysfunction and unexplained male infertility had lesser attention. Interestingly, prognostic/diagnostic and mechanistic studies have significantly increased in parallel over the last 20 years. Furthermore, our bibliometric analysis revealed fewer publications in proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics when compared to genomics. Also, an increasing trend in publication was seen in assisted reproductive technology (ART) research. Conclusions An integrated and steep escalation in the field of omics and ART research appears to be a prerequisite for further development of future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Peter Natesan Pushparaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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Abstract
Importance Temporal global trends of sperm quality remain a matter of debate. Objective The aim of this study was to present a comprehensive review of studies reporting on sperm quality counts, summarize the main end points, and assess the main reasons for potential discrepancies. Evidence Acquisition An evidence-based review of PubMed and Scopus databases was performed regarding studies reporting on modification of sperm quality counts, independently of study character, study language, or date. Results Since the meta-analysis of Carlsen et al in 1992 (Br Med J 1992;305:609-613) that suggested an annual decline in sperm count of 1%, several reports confirmed the decline in sperm quality, whereas others disproved them, suggesting a slight increase or absence of change in sperm count. Such controversies may be attributed to geographical and time-related variability in sperm values and also to several confounding factors that influence the semen parameters. Intrinsic weaknesses of the studies include heterogeneity of subjects recruited, lack of adjustment for confounding factors, and samples that do not always represent the general population. Conclusions No consensus exists on whether sperm counts actually decrease because studies' results are often controversial or inconclusive with methodological deficiencies. More prospective, large-scale, population based studies are needed in order to provide sound evidence of possible global trends in sperm count.
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Wang J, Chen Y, Chen Z, Xiang Z, Ding J, Han X. Microcystin-leucine arginine inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone synthesis in mice hypothalamus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 163:391-399. [PMID: 30064084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) causes serum testosterone declines and male reproductive disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathological changes are still unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the toxic effects of MC-LR on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the hypothalamus. Our results demonstrated that MC-LR could enter GnRH neurons and inhibit GnRH synthesis, resulting in the decrease of serum GnRH and testosterone levels. The inhibitory effects of MC-LR on GnRH synthesis were identified to be associated with activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)/c-Fos signaling pathway. With miRNA microarray analyses, we found that miR-329-3p was down-regulated most dramatically in MC-LR-treated GT1-7 cells. We then further identified that miR-329-3p regulated PRKAR1A and PRKACB expression and thus influenced GnRH synthesis. This is the first study to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of MC-LR on GnRH synthesis in the hypothalamus. Our data have provided a new perspective in the development of diagnosis and treatment strategies for male infertility as a result of dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yabing Chen
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhangpeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zou Xiang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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8
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Borges E, Braga DPDAF, Provenza RR, Figueira RDCS, Iaconelli A, Setti AS. Paternal lifestyle factors in relation to semen quality and in vitro reproductive outcomes. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13090. [PMID: 30019480 DOI: 10.1111/and.13090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This prospective-cohort study aimed at investigating the influence of paternal lifestyle factors on semen parameters and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. The influence of paternal lifestyle factors on seminal quality and ICSI outcomes was investigated in male patients undergoing conventional semen analysis. Cigarette smoking negatively influenced semen volume (B: -0.417, slope: 1.570, p = 0.047), sperm count/ml (B: -7.363, slope: 52.298, p = 0.014), total sperm count (B: -4.43, slope: 178.165, p = 0.023), total motile sperm count (B: -1.38, slope: 100.276, p = 0.045) and SDF (B: 0.014, slope: 9.767, p = 0.033). Alcohol consumption negatively influenced sperm count/ml (B: -12.527, slope: 42.255, p = 0.040) and sperm DNA fragmentation (B: 5.833, slope: 9.680, p = 0.002). There were no significant influences of other paternal lifestyle factors. Cigarette smoking negatively influenced the fertilisation rate (B: -1.349, slope: 21.950, p = 0.039) and the blastocyst formation rate (B: -14.244, slope: 28.851, p = 0.025). Alcohol consumption negatively influenced fertilisation rate (B: -3.617, slope: 20.138, p = 0.041) and blastocyst formation rate (B: -34.801, slope: 30.044, p = 0.042). Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption appear to reduce semen quality, fertilisation and blastocyst formation rates; thus, it would be wise to recommend that male partners reconsider their lifestyle during in vitro reproduction treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edson Borges
- Fertility Medical Group, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Sapientiae - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Humana Assistida, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Assumpto Iaconelli
- Fertility Medical Group, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Sapientiae - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Humana Assistida, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Souza Setti
- Fertility Medical Group, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Sapientiae - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Humana Assistida, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Ricci E, Al-Beitawi S, Cipriani S, Alteri A, Chiaffarino F, Candiani M, Gerli S, Viganó P, Parazzini F. Dietary habits and semen parameters: a systematic narrative review. Andrology 2017; 6:104-116. [PMID: 29266782 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Semen quality and male fertility are declining worldwide. As it was observed that physiologic and pathologic processes of spermatogenesis can be influenced by diet, the relation between dietary habits and semen parameters has been the focus of much interest. To review the human observational studies on this issue, we performed a systematic literature search, up to November 2016 (MEDLINE and EMBASE). We included all observational full-text papers reporting the relation between dietary habits and semen parameters. Article selection was carried out in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Twenty-three observational studies were included. Overall, 8477 healthy men and 1204 men presenting at Fertility Clinics were included in the selected studies. Even if some inconsistencies are present, possibly due to the different effect of nutrients in fertile and infertile men, results support the hypothesis that diets including fruit and vegetables, for their contents in vitamins, and fish or low-fat dairy products as the main source of proteins, are associated with better semen quality. Recommendations may be confidently provided because of the many beneficial effects of a healthy diet, although further studies are needed to clarify the currently inconsistent findings and to shed light on the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ricci
- Dipartimento della donna, del bambino e del neonato, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - S Al-Beitawi
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - S Cipriani
- Dipartimento della donna, del bambino e del neonato, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - A Alteri
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - F Chiaffarino
- Dipartimento della donna, del bambino e del neonato, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - M Candiani
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute University, Milano, Italy
| | - S Gerli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - P Viganó
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - F Parazzini
- Dipartimento della donna, del bambino e del neonato, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Ricci E, Viganò P, Cipriani S, Somigliana E, Chiaffarino F, Bulfoni A, Parazzini F. Coffee and caffeine intake and male infertility: a systematic review. Nutr J 2017. [PMID: 28646871 PMCID: PMC5482951 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-017-0257-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semen quality, a predictor of male fertility, has been suggested declining worldwide. Among other life style factors, male coffee/caffeine consumption was hypothesized to influence semen parameters, but also sperm DNA integrity. To summarize available evidence, we performed a systematic review of observational studies on the relation between coffee/caffeine intake and parameters of male fertility including sperm ploidy, sperm DNA integrity, semen quality and time to pregnancy. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed up to November 2016 (MEDLINE and EMBASE). We included all observational papers that reported the relation between male coffee/caffeine intake and reproductive outcomes: 1. semen parameters, 2. sperm DNA characteristics, 3. fecundability. All pertinent reports were retrieved and the relative reference lists were systematically searched in order to identify any potential additional studies that could be included. RESULTS We retrieved 28 papers reporting observational information on coffee/caffeine intake and reproductive outcomes. Overall, they included 19,967 men. 1. Semen parameters did not seem affected by caffeine intake, at least caffeine from coffee, tea and cocoa drinks, in most studies. Conversely, other contributions suggested a negative effect of cola-containing beverages and caffeine-containing soft drinks on semen volume, count and concentration. 2. As regards sperm DNA defects, caffeine intake seemed associated with aneuploidy and DNA breaks, but not with other markers of DNA damage. 3. Finally, male coffee drinking was associated to prolonged time to pregnancy in some, but not all, studies. CONCLUSIONS The literature suggests that caffeine intake, possibly through sperm DNA damage, may negatively affect male reproductive function. Evidence from epidemiological studies on semen parameters and fertility is however inconsistent and inconclusive. Well-designed studies with predefined criteria for semen analysis, subject selection, and life style habits definition, are essential to reach a consistent evidence on the effect of caffeine on semen parameters and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ricci
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Neonato e del Bambino, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 12, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Viganò
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Cipriani
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Neonato e del Bambino, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 12, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Edgardo Somigliana
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Chiaffarino
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Neonato e del Bambino, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 12, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bulfoni
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Humanitas San Pio X Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Parazzini
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Neonato e del Bambino, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 12, 20122, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Community Science, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
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Zengerling F, Schmidt S. [Antioxidants for male subfertility]. Urologe A 2016; 55:956-9. [PMID: 27315809 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-016-0146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Zengerling
- Klinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Prittwitzstr. 43, 89075, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - S Schmidt
- UroEvidence@Deutsche Gesellschaft für Urologie, Berlin, Deutschland.
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Aly HAA, Hassan MH, El-Beshbishy HA, Alahdal AM, Osman AMM. Dibutyl phthalate induces oxidative stress and impairs spermatogenesis in adult rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2015; 32:1467-1477. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233714566877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Phthalates are abundantly produced plasticizers, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is the most widely used derivative in various consumer products and medical devices. This study was conducted to further explore the potential testicular toxicity of DBP in adult rats and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Adult male albino rats were treated orally with DBP at doses of 0, 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg/day for 15 consecutive days. Testicular weight, sperm count, and motility were significantly decreased. Treatment with DBP decreased serum follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone levels and testicular lactate dehydrogenase activity. DBP treatment also decreased serum total antioxidant capacity and the activities of the testicular antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase. Further, DBP treatment provoked degeneration with absence of spermatogenesis and sperms and necrosis in some of seminiferous tubules. These results indicated that oxidative stress and subsequent decrease in testosterone secretion were the potential underlying mechanism of DBP-induced testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy AA Aly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Memy H Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, El-Madinah El-Munaworah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham A El-Beshbishy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman M Alahdal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Mínguez-Alarcón L, Chavarro JE, Mendiola J, Gaskins AJ, Torres-Cantero AM. Physical activity is not related to semen quality in young healthy men. Fertil Steril 2014; 102:1103-9. [PMID: 25064411 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the relationship of physical activity with semen quality among healthy young men from Spain. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING University and college campuses of Murcia Region, Spain. PATIENT(S) Healthy young men with untested fertility (n = 215). INTERVENTION(S) A physical examination, blood and semen samples, and completion of a questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Semen quality parameters. RESULT(S) Physical activity was not related to semen quality parameters. The adjusted percentage differences (95% confidence interval) in semen parameters comparing men in the top quartile of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (≥9.5 h/wk) with men in the bottom quartile (≤3 h/wk) were 4.3% (-30.2%, 38.9%) for total sperm count, 7.2% (-30.6%, 45.1%) for sperm concentration, -2.42% (-6.53%, 1.69%) for sperm motility, and 12.6% (-12.0%, 37.2%) for sperm morphology. CONCLUSION(S) In contrast to previous research among athletes, these data suggest that physical activity is not deleterious to testicular function, as captured by semen quality parameters in this population of healthy young men in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia School of Medicine, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jaime Mendiola
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia School of Medicine, Murcia, Spain
| | - Audrey J Gaskins
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alberto M Torres-Cantero
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia School of Medicine, Murcia, Spain; Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum," University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, Reína Sofía University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
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Zhou Y, Xiang Z, Li D, Han X. Regulation of microcystin-LR-induced toxicity in mouse spermatogonia by miR-96. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:6383-6390. [PMID: 24803159 DOI: 10.1021/es500152m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin (MC)-LR is a cyclic heptapeptide that acts as a potent reproductive system toxin, especially by decreasing sperm quality through affecting spermatogonia. However, the molecular mechanisms of MC-induced spermatogonial cytotoxicity still remain unclear. The present study was designed to investigate changes in microRNA (miRNA) profiles and their potential functions in spermatogonia (GC-1 cell line) following treatment with MC-LR. With microarray analysis, 101 miRNAs were identified to be significantly altered in GC-1 cells treated with MC-LR. Among the 25 miRNAs associated with spermatogenesis, miR-96 was down-regulated most dramatically and thus selected for further functional analysis. Deleted-in azoospermia-associated protein 2 (DAZAP2) was predicted to have a binding sequence for miR-96 within its 3'-untranslated region. Fluorescent reporter assay confirmed that DAZAP2 was the target gene of miR-96. The expression of DAZAP2 decreased significantly when miR-96 was up-regulated. Consistently, down-regulation of miR-96 significantly increased the level of DAZAP2. Up-regulation of miR-96 promoted cell viability in GC-1 cells as a result of exposure to MC-LR. Our study suggested a crucial role for miR-96 in the regulation of cytotoxic effects of MC-LR in spermatogonia, which provides new perspectives in the diagnosis and treatment strategies for MC-induced male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory, Medical School, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China
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Schisterman EF, Mumford SL, Chen Z, Browne RW, Boyd Barr D, Kim S, Buck Louis GM. Lipid concentrations and semen quality: the LIFE study. Andrology 2014; 2:408-15. [PMID: 24596332 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2014.00198.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The decline in sperm count rates over the last 50 years appears to parallel the rising prevalence of obesity. As lipid levels are strongly associated with obesity, high lipids levels or hyperlipidaemia may thus play an important role in the decline in fertility in addition to other environmental or lifestyle factors. The objective of this population based cohort study was to evaluate the association between men's serum lipid concentrations and semen quality parameters among 501 male partners of couples desiring pregnancy and discontinuing contraception. Each participant provided prospectively up to two semen samples (94% of men provided one or more semen samples, and 77% of men provided a second sample approximately 1 month later). Linear mixed effects models were used to estimate the associations between baseline lipid concentrations and semen quality parameters, adjusted for age, body mass index and race. We found that higher levels of serum total cholesterol, free cholesterol and phospholipids were associated with a significantly lower percentage of spermatozoa with intact acrosome and smaller sperm head area and perimeter. Our results suggest that lipid concentrations may affect semen parameters, specifically sperm head morphology, highlighting the importance of cholesterol and lipid homeostasis for male fecundity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E F Schisterman
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, MD, USA
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MacDonald A, Stewart A, Farquhar C. Body mass index in relation to semen quality and reproductive hormones in New Zealand men: a cross-sectional study in fertility clinics. Hum Reprod 2013; 28:3178-87. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/det379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Sermondade N, Faure C, Fezeu L, Shayeb AG, Bonde JP, Jensen TK, Van Wely M, Cao J, Martini AC, Eskandar M, Chavarro JE, Koloszar S, Twigt JM, Ramlau-Hansen CH, Borges E, Lotti F, Steegers-Theunissen RPM, Zorn B, Polotsky AJ, La Vignera S, Eskenazi B, Tremellen K, Magnusdottir EV, Fejes I, Hercberg S, Lévy R, Czernichow S. BMI in relation to sperm count: an updated systematic review and collaborative meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2012; 19:221-31. [PMID: 23242914 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dms050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global obesity epidemic has paralleled a decrease in semen quality. Yet, the association between obesity and sperm parameters remains controversial. The purpose of this report was to update the evidence on the association between BMI and sperm count through a systematic review with meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic review of available literature (with no language restriction) was performed to investigate the impact of BMI on sperm count. Relevant studies published until June 2012 were identified from a Pubmed and EMBASE search. We also included unpublished data (n = 717 men) obtained from the Infertility Center of Bondy, France. Abstracts of relevant articles were examined and studies that could be included in this review were retrieved. Authors of relevant studies for the meta-analysis were contacted by email and asked to provide standardized data. RESULTS A total of 21 studies were included in the meta-analysis, resulting in a sample of 13 077 men from the general population and attending fertility clinics. Data were stratified according to the total sperm count as normozoospermia, oligozoospermia and azoospermia. Standardized weighted mean differences in sperm concentration did not differ significantly across BMI categories. There was a J-shaped relationship between BMI categories and risk of oligozoospermia or azoospermia. Compared with men of normal weight, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for oligozoospermia or azoospermia was 1.15 (0.93-1.43) for underweight, 1.11 (1.01-1.21) for overweight, 1.28 (1.06-1.55) for obese and 2.04 (1.59-2.62) for morbidly obese men. CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obesity were associated with an increased prevalence of azoospermia or oligozoospermia. The main limitation of this report is that studied populations varied, with men recruited from both the general population and infertile couples. Whether weight normalization could improve sperm parameters should be evaluated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sermondade
- Service d'Histologie-Embryologie-Cytogénétique-CECOS, Hôpital Jean Verdier (AP-HP), Bondy, France
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Zhou Y, Yuan J, Wu J, Han X. The toxic effects of microcystin-LR on rat spermatogonia in vitro. Toxicol Lett 2012; 212:48-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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19
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Chen Y, Xu J, Li Y, Han X. Decline of sperm quality and testicular function in male mice during chronic low-dose exposure to microcystin-LR. Reprod Toxicol 2011; 31:551-7. [PMID: 21338672 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The effects of chronic low-dose exposure to microcystins were preliminarily studied on sperm quality and testicular function in male mice. Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) was orally administered to male mice at 0, 1, 3.2, and 10 μg/L for 3 and 6 months. Our preliminary study found in three-month group, sperm quality declined at 3.2 and 10 μg/L doses, testosterone dropped at 10 μg/L, levels of LH and FSH increased, and Leydig cells exhibited apoptosis. Similar, but more pronounced, effects were observed in groups treated with MC-LR for 6 months. Compared to control (0 μg/L), the rate of sperm abnormality was higher and testosterone levels were lower following administration of 3.2 and 10 μg/L MC-LR and structural damage to the testis was observed with 10 μg/L dose. Thus, chronic low-dose treatment with MC-LR results in substantial toxicity to male reproduction, causing declines in sperm quality, decreased levels of serum testosterone, and injury to the testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, PR China
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Wahl RL, Reif JS. Temporal trends in bull semen quality: a comparative model for human health? ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2009; 109:273-280. [PMID: 19181314 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2008.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2008] [Revised: 08/28/2008] [Accepted: 10/13/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A decline in human semen quality over the past 30-60 years has been reported in numerous epidemiological studies from the United States and Europe. We evaluated temporal trends in semen quality parameters in dairy bulls. The long-term management of dairy bulls for artificial insemination presented a unique opportunity to evaluate temporal trends in semen quality and explore this relationship as a potential animal model for reproductive abnormalities in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bull semen analysis data from 1965 through 1995 were collected from a large artificial insemination organization. Semen analyses from 12- to 18-month-old Holstein dairy bulls were included in the study and consisted of daily sperm concentration, daily ejaculate volume, total daily sperm output, percentage of sperm with normal morphology, and percentage of sperm with normal post-thaw motility. Multiple regression analysis, logistic regression, and general linear modeling were used to determine temporal trends over the 30-year period. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Semen quality appears to have declined from 1970 to 1980 or 1985 as manifested by declines in daily ejaculate volume, daily sperm concentration, and total daily sperm output. In contrast, sperm morphology and motility improved over the same period. In approximately 1980 or 1985, depending on the parameter, ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, total sperm, and motility improved. However, normal morphology began to deteriorate during this same period. Methodological inconsistencies over time introduce uncertainty in analyses of temporal trends in semen quality in this and previous human studies. However, changes in technology do not appear to be solely responsible for the temporal trends observed. The source of the decline in semen quality in the bulls studied is unknown. If the decline in semen quality were due to exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals, then a continued decline or a leveling-off would be expected. Instead, a rise in semen quality was observed during the latter portion of the observation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Wahl
- Division of Environmental Health, Michigan Department of Community Health, P.O. Box 30195, 201 Townsend Street, Lansing, MI 48909, USA.
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Castelo-Branco C, Huezo ML, Lagarda JLB. Definition and diagnosis of sexuality in the XXI century. Maturitas 2008; 60:50-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2008.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2007] [Revised: 01/18/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2008] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Boomsma CM, Heineman MJ, Cohlen BJ, Farquhar C. Semen preparation techniques for intrauterine insemination. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007:CD004507. [PMID: 17943816 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004507.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semen preparation techniques for assisted reproduction, including intrauterine insemination (IUI), were developed to separate the motile morphological normal spermatozoa. Leucocytes, bacteria and dead spermatozoa produce oxygen radicals that negatively influence the ability to fertilize the egg. The yield of as many motile, morphologically normal spermatozoa as possible might influence treatment choices and therefore outcomes. OBJECTIVES To compare the effectiveness of gradient, swim-up, or wash and centrifugation semen preparation techniques on clinical outcome in subfertile couples undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI). SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group Trials Register (13 January 2007), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2007, Issue 2), MEDLINE (1966 to January 2007 ), EMBASE (1980 to January 2007), Science Direct Database (1966 to January 2007), National Research Register (2000 to 2007), Biological Abstracts (2000 to January 2007), CINAHL (1982 to October 2006) and reference lists of relevant articles. We also contacted experts and authors in the field. SELECTION CRITERIA Parallel randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy of semen preparation techniques used for subfertile couples undergoing IUI in terms of clinical outcome were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewer authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. Study authors were contacted for additional information. MAIN RESULTS Five RCTs, including 262 couples in total, were included in the meta-analysis (Dodson 1998; Grigoriou 2005; Posada 2005; Soliman 2005; Xu 2000). Xu compared the three techniques; Soliman compared a gradient technique versus a wash technique; Dodson and Posada compared a gradient technique versus a swim-up technique; whereas Grigoriou compared swim-up versus a wash technique. No trials reported the primary outcome of live birth. There was no evidence of a difference between pregnancy rates (PR) for swim-up versus a gradient or wash and centrifugation technique (Peto OR 1.57, 95% CI 0.74 to 3.32; Peto OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.15 to 1.10, respectively); nor in the two studies comparing a gradient technique versus wash and centrifugation (Peto OR 1.76, 95% CI 0.57 to 5.44). There was no evidence of a difference in the miscarriage rate (MR) in two studies comparing swim-up versus a gradient technique (Peto OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.33). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient evidence to recommend any specific preparation technique. Large high quality randomised controlled trials, comparing the effectiveness of a gradient and/ or a swim-up and/ or wash and centrifugation technique on clinical outcome are lacking. Further randomised trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Boomsma
- University Medical Centre Utrecht, Perinatology and Gynaecology, Jan van Scorelstraat 157, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3583 CN.
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Boomsma CM, Heineman MJ, Cohlen BJ, Farquhar C. Semen preparation techniques for intrauterine insemination. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004:CD004507. [PMID: 15266536 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004507.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semen preparation techniques for assisted reproduction, including intrauterine insemination (IUI), were developed to separate the motile morphological normal spermatozoa. Leucocytes, bacteria and dead spermatozoa produce oxygen radicals that negatively influence the ability to fertilize the egg. The yield of as many motile, morphologically normal spermatozoa might influence treatment choices and therefore outcomes. OBJECTIVES To compare the effectiveness of gradient, swim-up, or wash and centrifugation in subfertile couples undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI) on clinical outcome as well as on semen parameters. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group's trials register (30 June 2003), MEDLINE (1966 to July 2003), EMBASE (1980 to July 2003), Science Direct Database (1966 to July 2003), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library Issue 3, 2003), National Research Register (2000 to Issue 2, 2003), Biological Abstracts (2000 to June 2003), CINAHL (1982 to July 2003) and reference lists of relevant articles. We also contacted experts and authors in the field. SELECTION CRITERIA Parallel randomised controlled trials (RCTs), comparing the efficacy of semen preparation techniques used for subfertile couples undergoing IUI, were included. RCTs or split sample studies examining semen parameters after different semen preparation techniques were also included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. Study authors were contacted for additional information. MAIN RESULTS Two randomised controlled trials comparing clinical outcomes, including 81 participants in total, were included in the meta-analysis (Dodson 1998-I/ II; Xu 2000-I/ II). Both studies compared swim-up technique versus gradient technique in 65 subfertile couples undergoing IUI. One study compared the effectiveness of both techniques with wash technique. No trials reported the primary outcome of live birth. There was no statistically significant difference between pregnancy rates (PR) for swim-up versus gradient / wash centrifuge (Peto OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.17 to 1.76; Peto OR 1.74, 95% CI 0.2 to 14.9; PR/ couple swim-up 20%, gradient 40%, wash 12.5%) or gradient versus wash centrifuge (Peto OR 4.01, 95% CI 0.82 to 19.56; PR/ couple swim-up 15%, gradient 20%). There was no significant difference in the miscarriage rate (MR) per couple between either of the three treatment groups in the one trial reporting this outcome (MR/ couple swim-up 0%, gradient 10.3%, wash 0%. MR/ pregnancy gradient 30.3%). There was no statistically significant difference in the multiple pregnancy rate (MPR) per couple between either of the three treatment groups in Dodson 1998-I/ II (MPR/ couple swim -up 0%, gradient 0%, wash 6.3%). One triplet pregnancy was recorded. Fifteen studies comparing semen parameters after processing were included. Two studies were included in the meta-analysis, we were not able to pool results. REVIEWERS' CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient evidence to recommend any specific preparation technique. Large high quality randomised controlled trials, comparing the effectiveness of a gradient and/ or a swim-up and/ or wash and centrifugation technique on clinical outcome are lacking. Further randomised trials are warranted. Results from studies comparing semen parameters may suggest a preference for gradient technique, but firm conclusions cannot be drawn and the limitations should be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Boomsma
- Medical Science, Rijks Universiteit Groningen, Gezellelaan 2, Groningen, Netherlands, 9721 WK.
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Almagor M, Ivnitzki I, Yaffe H, Baras M. Changes in semen quality in Jerusalem between 1990 and 2000: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. ARCHIVES OF ANDROLOGY 2003; 49:139-44. [PMID: 12623750 DOI: 10.1080/01485010390129296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether sperm quality has changed during the years 1990-1999 among men residing in Jerusalem, Israel, who were involved in treatment by intrauterine insemination (IUI). Both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were performed. A total of 2638 male partners in couples that underwent treatment by IUI participated in the cross-sectional investigation. Of them, 417 men (16%) were included in the longitudinal study. Total sperm counts and percent motility were evaluated on an annual basis to assess changes over 10 years from 1990 through 1999. A significant downward trend in sperm count and motility was demonstrated in the cross-sectional study. Sperm count decreased by 5.2 x 10(6)+/-0.9 x 10(6) (p<.0001) each year and percent motility declined by 0.50+/-0.14% (p=.0003). Similar changes were found in the longitudinal evaluation, but they were not statistically significant. These data suggest that during the last decade in Jerusalem, sperm count and motility declined significantly among men involved in infertile relationships and treated by IUI.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Almagor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bikur Cholim Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Couper R. Re: Phytoestrogens: the pediatric perspective. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002; 34:569; author reply 569-70. [PMID: 12050589 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-200205000-00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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SPEAROW JIMMYL, O'HENLEY PETER, DOEMENY PAUL, SERA ROBYN, LEFFLER RACHAEL, SOFOS TAKI, BARKLEY MARYLYNN. Genetic variation in physiological sensitivity to estrogen in mice. APMIS 2001. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2001.tb05778.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Spearow JL, Doemeny P, Sera R, Leffler R, Barkley M. Genetic variation in susceptibility to endocrine disruption by estrogen in mice. Science 1999; 285:1259-61. [PMID: 10455051 DOI: 10.1126/science.285.5431.1259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Large (more than 16-fold) differences in susceptibility to disruption of juvenile male reproductive development by 17beta-estradiol (E2) were detected between strains of mice. Effects of strain, E2 dose, and the interaction of strain and E2 dose on testes weight and spermatogenesis were all highly significant (P < 0.0001). Spermatid maturation was eliminated by low doses of E2 in strains such as C57BL/6J and C17/Jls. In contrast, mice of the widely used CD-1 line, which has been selected for large litter size, showed little or no inhibition of spermatid maturation even in response to 16 times as much E2. Product safety bioassays conducted with animals selected for fecundity may greatly underestimate disruption of male reproductive development by estradiol and environmental estrogenic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Spearow
- Section of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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