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Liu H, Huang M, Xin D, Wang H, Yu H, Pu W. Natural products with anti-tumorigenesis potential targeting macrophage. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 131:155794. [PMID: 38875811 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is a risk factor for tumorigenesis. Macrophage, a subset of immune cells with high plasticity, plays a multifaceted role in this process. Natural products, which are bioactive compounds derived from traditional herbs or foods, have exhibited diverse effects on macrophages and tumorigenesis making them a valuable resource of drug discovery or optimization in tumor prevention. PURPOSE Provide a comprehensive overview of the various roles of macrophages in tumorigenesis, as well as the effects of natural products on tumorigenesis by modulating macrophage function. METHODS A thorough literature search spanning the past two decades was carried out using PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier, and CNKI following the PRISMA guidelines. The search terms employed included "macrophage and tumorigenesis", "natural products, macrophages and tumorigenesis", "traditional Chinese medicine and tumorigenesis", "natural products and macrophage polarization", "macrophage and tumor related microenvironment", "macrophage and tumor signal pathway", "toxicity of natural products" and combinations thereof. Furthermore, certain articles are identified through the tracking of citations from other publications or by accessing the websites of relevant journals. Studies that meet the following criteria are excluded: (1) Articles not written in English or Chinese; (2) Full texts were not available; (3) Duplicate articles and irrelevant studies. The data collected was organized and summarized based on molecular mechanisms or compound structure. RESULTS This review elucidates the multifaceted effect of macrophages on tumorigenesis, encompassing process such as inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor cell invasion by regulating metabolism, non-coding RNA, signal transduction and intercellular crosstalk. Natural products, including vitexin, ovatodiolide, ligustilide, and emodin, as well as herbal remedies, have demonstrated efficacy in modulating macrophage function, thereby attenuating tumorigenesis. These interventions mainly focus on mitigating the initial inflammatory response or modifying the inflammatory environment within the precancerous niche. CONCLUSIONS These mechanistic insights of macrophages in tumorigenesis offer valuable ideas for researchers. The identified natural products facilitate the selection of promising candidates for future cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Manru Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Dandan Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
| | - Weiling Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
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Gupta VK, Sahu L, Sonwal S, Suneetha A, Kim DH, Kim J, Verma HK, Pavitra E, Raju GSR, Bhaskar L, Lee HU, Huh YS. Advances in biomedical applications of vitamin D for VDR targeted management of obesity and cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117001. [PMID: 38936194 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1,25(OH)2D3 is a fat-soluble vitamin, involved in regulating Ca2+ homeostasis in the body. Its storage in adipose tissue depends on the fat content of the body. Obesity is the result of abnormal lipid deposition due to the prolonged positive energy balance and increases the risk of several cancer types. Furthermore, it has been associated with vitamin D deficiency and defined as a low 25(OH)2D3 blood level. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 plays vital roles in Ca2+-Pi and glucose metabolism in the adipocytes of obese individuals and regulates the expressions of adipogenesis-associated genes in mature adipocytes. SCOPE AND APPROACH The present contribution focused on the VDR mediated mechanisms interconnecting the obese condition and cancer proliferation due to 1,25(OH)2D3-deficiency in humans. This contribution also summarizes the identification and development of molecular targets for VDR-targeted drug discovery. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS Several studies have revealed that cancer development in a background of 1,25(OH)2D3 deficient obesity involves the VDR gene. Moreover, 1,25(OH)2D3 is also known to influence several cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation, and adhesion. The multifaceted physiology of obesity has improved our understanding of the cancer therapeutic targets. However, currently available anti-cancer drugs are notorious for their side effects, which have raised safety issues. Thus, there is interest in developing 1,25(OH)2D3-based therapies without any side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Gupta
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Lipina Sahu
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009, India
| | - Sonam Sonwal
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Achanti Suneetha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh 520010, India
| | - Dong Hyeon Kim
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jigyeong Kim
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Lungs Health and Immunity, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Neuherberg, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - Eluri Pavitra
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ganji Seeta Rama Raju
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Lvks Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009, India.
| | - Hyun Uk Lee
- Division of Material Analysis and Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
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Liu M, Yu B, Tian Y, Li F. Regulatory function and mechanism research for m6A modification WTAP via SUCLG2-AS1- miR-17-5p-JAK1 axis in AML. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:98. [PMID: 38233760 PMCID: PMC10795285 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11687-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), characterized by the abnormal accumulation of immature marrow cells in the bone marrow, is a malignant tumor of the blood system. Currently, the pathogenesis of AML is not yet clear. Therefore, this study aims to explore the mechanisms underlying the development of AML. Firstly, we identified a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) SUCLG2-AS1-miR-17-5p-JAK1 axis through bioinformatics analysis. Overexpression of SUCLG2-AS1 inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion and promotes apoptosis of AML cells. Secondly, luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay validated that SUCLG2-AS1 functioned as ceRNA for sponging miR-17-5p, further leading to JAK1 underexpression. Additionally, the results of MeRIP-qPCR and m6A RNA methylation quantification indicted that SUCLG2-AS1(lncRNA) had higher levels of m6A RNA methylation compared with controls, and SUCLG2-AS1 is regulated by m6A modification of WTAP in AML cells. WTAP, one of the main regulatory components of m6A methyltransferase complexes, proved to be highly expressed in AML and elevated WTAP is associated with poor prognosis of AML patients. Taken together, the WTAP-SUCLG2-AS1-miR-17-5p-JAK1 axis played essential roles in the process of AML development, which provided a novel therapeutic target for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, No.126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, P.R. China
| | - Bingxin Yu
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
| | - Yong Tian
- Department of Human Anatomy, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, P.R. China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, No.126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, P.R. China.
- The Key Laboratory for Bionics Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
- Engineering Research Center for Medical Biomaterials of Jilin Province, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory for Health Biomedical Materials of Jilin Province, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, P.R. China.
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Caraffini V, Geiger O, Rosenberger A, Hatzl S, Perfler B, Berg JL, Lim C, Strobl H, Kashofer K, Schauer S, Beham-Schmid C, Hoefler G, Geissler K, Quehenberger F, Kolch W, Athineos D, Blyth K, Wölfler A, Sill H, Zebisch A. Loss of RAF kinase inhibitor protein is involved in myelomonocytic differentiation and aggravates RAS-driven myeloid leukemogenesis. Haematologica 2020; 105:375-386. [PMID: 31097632 PMCID: PMC7012480 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.209650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
RAS-signaling mutations induce the myelomonocytic differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Moreover, they are important players in the development of myeloid neoplasias. RAF kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) is a negative regulator of RAS-signaling. As RKIP loss has recently been described in RAS-mutated myelomonocytic acute myeloid leukemia, we now aimed to analyze its role in myelomonocytic differentiation and RAS-driven leukemogenesis. Therefore, we initially analyzed RKIP expression during human and murine hematopoietic differentiation and observed that it is high in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and lymphoid cells but decreases in cells belonging to the myeloid lineage. By employing short hairpin RNA knockdown experiments in CD34+ umbilical cord blood cells and the undifferentiated acute myeloid leukemia cell line HL-60, we show that RKIP loss is indeed functionally involved in myelomonocytic lineage commitment and drives the myelomonocytic differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. These results could be confirmed in vivo, where Rkip deletion induced a myelomonocytic differentiation bias in mice by amplifying the effects of granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor. We further show that RKIP is of relevance for RAS-driven myelomonocytic leukemogenesis by demonstrating that Rkip deletion aggravates the development of a myeloproliferative disease in NrasG12D -mutated mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that RKIP loss increases the activity of the RAS-MAPK/ERK signaling module. Finally, we prove the clinical relevance of these findings by showing that RKIP loss is a frequent event in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, and that it co-occurs with RAS-signaling mutations. Taken together, these data establish RKIP as novel player in RAS-driven myeloid leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivia Geiger
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Stefan Hatzl
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bianca Perfler
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes L Berg
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Clarice Lim
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Strobl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Karl Kashofer
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Silvia Schauer
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christine Beham-Schmid
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Hoefler
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Klaus Geissler
- 5 Medical Department with Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Hospital Hietzing, Vienna, Austria
- Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz Quehenberger
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Walter Kolch
- Systems Biology Ireland and Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Karen Blyth
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Albert Wölfler
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz Sill
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Armin Zebisch
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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RAF Kinase Inhibitor Protein in Myeloid Leukemogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225756. [PMID: 31744053 PMCID: PMC6888401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RAF kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) is an essential regulator of intracellular signaling. A somatic loss of RKIP expression is a frequent event in solid human cancers, and a role of RKIP as metastasis-suppressor is widely accepted nowadays. Recently, RKIP loss has been described in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and a series of other myeloid neoplasias (MNs). Functional in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that RKIP is an essential player within the development of these liquid tumors; however, the respective role of RKIP seems to be complex and multi-faceted. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge about RKIP in myeloid leukemogenesis. We will initially describe its involvement in physiologic hematopoiesis, and will then proceed to discuss its role in the development of AML and other MNs. Finally, we will discuss potential therapeutic implications arising thereof.
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Razak S, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Alam I, Jahan S. Growth inhibition and apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells induced by Vitamin D-Nanoemulsion (NVD): involvement of Wnt/β-catenin and other signal transduction pathways. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:15. [PMID: 30733856 PMCID: PMC6359839 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0277-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than the two decades, the question of whether vitamin D has a role in cancer frequency, development, and death has been premeditated in detail. Colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers have been a scrupulous spot of center, altogether, these three malignancies report for approximately 35% of cancer cases and 20% of cancer demises in the United States, and as such are a chief public health apprehension. The aim was to evaluate antitumor activity of Vitamin D-Nanoemulsion (NVD) in colorectal cancer cell lines and HCT116 xenograft model in a comprehensive approach. METHODS Two human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29 (gained from College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, KSA were grown. 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide protocol were performed to show the impact of NVD and β-catenin inhibitor (FH535) on the viability of HCT116 and HT29 cell lines. Apoptosis/cell cycle assay was performed. Analysis was done with a FACScan (Becton-Dickinson, NJ). About 10,000 cells per sample were harvested and Histograms of DNA were analyzed with ModiFitLT software (verity Software House, ME, USA). Western blotting and RT-PCR were performed for protein and gene expression respectively in in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We found that NVD induced cytotoxicity in colorectal cells in a dose-dependent manner and time dependent approach. Further, our data validated that NVD administration of human colorectal cancer HCT116 and HT29 cells resulted in cell growth arrest, alteration in molecules regulating cell cycle operative in the G2 phase of the cell cycle and apoptosis in a dose dependent approach. Further our results concluded that NVD administration decreases expression of β-catenin gene, AKT gene and Survivin gene and protein expression in in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that targeting β-catenin gene may encourage the alterations of cell cycle and cell cycle regulators. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway possibly takes part in the genesis and progression of colorectal cancer cells through regulating cell cycle and the expression of cell cycle regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Razak
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftikhar Alam
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Saad El-Din S, Fouad H, Rashed LA, Mahfouz S, Hussein RE. Impact of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Vitamin D on Transforming Growth Factor Beta Signaling Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:905-912. [PMID: 29693337 PMCID: PMC6031804 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.4.905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling is recognized as being critical for carcinogenesis. Vitamin D has proved to exert numerous tumor suppressive effects. Effects of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on tumor progression are still controversial. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of BM-MSCs and vitamin D on TGF-β signaling in an experimental hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) model in rats. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on fifty female white albino rats divided equally into 5 groups: controls, HCC induced by diethyl-nitrosamine (DENA) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), HCC plus MSCs, HCC plus vitamin D and HCC plus both MSCs and vitamin D. The following parameters were assessed in rat liver tissues: TGF-β and Smad2 protein levels by ELISA and western blotting, respectively, gene expression of Smad3, Smad7, Snail, HNF4α and MMP-2 and histopathological lesions. Serum levels of alpha fetoprotein (AFP), ALT and albumin were also assessed. Results: TGF-β protein levels and gene expression of its downstream effectors (Smad3 and Snail), in addition to Smad2 protein levels were significantly higher in the HCC group than in the control group. On the other hand, they were significantly down-regulated in all treated groups with most significant amelioration with both MSCs and vitamin D. Also, the serum levels of AFP were significantly increased in the untreated HCC group, and this was again reversed in all treated groups. Histopathological examination of liver tissue revealed that administration of MSCs or vitamin D into HCC rat group improved the histopathological picture with residual tumor pathology, while administration of both MSCs and vitamin D showed better restoration of liver parenchyma. These data suggest that the TGF-β signaling pathway could be used as a therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Saad El-Din
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Winsløw U, Nordestgaard B, Afzal S. High plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and high risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer: a Mendelian randomization study of 97 849 individuals. Br J Dermatol 2018; 178:1388-1395. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U.C. Winsløw
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and the Copenhagen General Population Study; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; Copenhagen University Hospital; Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - B.G. Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and the Copenhagen General Population Study; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; Copenhagen University Hospital; Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - S. Afzal
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and the Copenhagen General Population Study; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; Copenhagen University Hospital; Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Denmark
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Wang X, Harrison JS, Studzinski GP. Enhancement of arabinocytosine (AraC) toxicity to AML cells by a differentiation agent combination. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 164:72-78. [PMID: 26319201 PMCID: PMC4769988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Arabinocytosine (AraC, also known as cytarabine) is one of the mainstays of AML therapy, but like other DNA damaging therapeutic agents it is rarely curative by itself. There is an emerging realization that the therapeutic outcomes may be improved by combining AraC with other compounds. Here we report that the addition of a differentiating agent combination immediately following AraC damage to AML blasts, selectively increases the cell kill. The experiments were performed using cultured cells from established cell lines of AML (HL60 and U937). The cells were exposed to 100nM AraC, a concentration which produced approximately 25-50% cell kill, followed by a combination of 100nM 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D2 (1-D2) and 10μM carnosic acid (CA), which together can serve as a powerful differentiating agent combination for AML cells, but are not toxic alone. AraC-induced cell death, measured by annexin V/propidium iodide, was significantly (p<0.01) increased by the 1-D2/CA combination in both cell lines, but not by 1-D2 or CA alone. The enhancement of cell death occurred by both apoptosis and necrosis, was associated with increased DNA damage and with higher levels of DNA damage response (DDR) activated marker Chk1, but the expression of p27, a cell cycle inhibitor protein, was not enhanced by 1-D2/CA. The principal finding is that a vitamin D analog 1-D2 combined with a plant-derived antioxidant CA can markedly augment the cytotoxic action of AraC, an anti-leukemia therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Wang
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, NJ Medical School, Rutgers, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
| | - Jonathan S Harrison
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri Medical School, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - George P Studzinski
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, NJ Medical School, Rutgers, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, United States.
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Gocek E, Studzinski GP. DNA Repair in Despair-Vitamin D Is Not Fair. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:1733-44. [PMID: 27122067 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of vitamin D as a treatment option for neoplastic diseases, once considered to have a bright future, remains controversial. The preclinical studies discussed herein show compelling evidence that Vitamin D Derivatives (VDDs) can convert some cancer and leukemia cells to a benign phenotype, by differentiation/maturation, cell cycle arrest, or induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, there is considerable, though still evolving, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying these changes. However, the attempts to clearly document that the treatment outcomes of human neoplastic diseases can be positively influenced by VDDs have been, so far, disappointing. The clinical trials to date of VDDs, alone or combined with other agents, have not shown consistent results. It is our contention, shared by others, that there were limitations in the design or execution of these trials which have not yet been fully addressed. Based on the connection between upregulation of JNK by VDDs and DNA repair, we propose a new avenue of attack on cancer cells by increasing the toxicity of the current, only partially effective, cancer chemotherapeutic drugs by combining them with VDDs. This can impair DNA repair and thus kill the malignant cells, warranting a comprehensive study of this novel concept. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1733-1744, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Gocek
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Proteins Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14A Street, Wrocław 50-383, Poland
| | - George P Studzinski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, 07103, New Jersey, USA
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Studzinski GP, Harrison JS, Wang X, Sarkar S, Kalia V, Danilenko M. Vitamin D Control of Hematopoietic Cell Differentiation and Leukemia. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:1500-12. [PMID: 25694395 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It is now well known that in the mammalian body vitamin D is converted by successive hydroxylations to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D), a steroid-like hormone with pleiotropic properties. These include important contributions to the control of cell proliferation, survival and differentiation, as well as the regulation of immune responses in disease. Here, we present recent advances in current understanding of the role of 1,25D in myelopoiesis and lymphopoiesis, and the potential of 1,25D and analogs (vitamin D derivatives; VDDs) for the control of hematopoietic malignancies. The reasons for the unimpressive results of most clinical studies of the therapeutic effects of VDDs in leukemia and related diseases may include the lack of a precise rationale for the conduct of these studies. Further, clinical trials to date have generally used extremely heterogeneous patient populations and, in many cases, small numbers of patients, generally without controls. Although low calcemic VDDs have been used and combined with agents that can increase the leukemia cell killing or differentiation effects in acute leukemias, the sequencing of agents used for combination therapy should to be more clearly delineated. Most importantly, it is recommended that in future clinical trials the rationale for the basis of the enhancing action of drug combinations should be clearly articulated and the effects on anticancer immunity should also be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- George P Studzinski
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, NJ Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Jonathan S Harrison
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri Medical School, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65212
| | - Xuening Wang
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, NJ Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Surojit Sarkar
- The Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Vandana Kalia
- The Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Michael Danilenko
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry & Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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12
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Adachi K, Honma Y, Miyake T, Kawakami K, Takahashi T, Suzumiya J. Tamoxifen enhances the differentiation-inducing and growth-inhibitory effects of all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:1095-102. [PMID: 26797574 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is valuable in differentiation therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, ATRA has had limited success as a single agent, due to the development of resistance. We found that tamoxifen effectively enhanced the differentiation-inducing effect of ATRA. Tamoxifen alone inhibited the proliferation of myeloid leukemia cell lines while only slightly increasing morphologic differentiation. Tamoxifen effectively enhanced the growth-inhibiting actions of various differentiation-inducing agents. ATRA in the presence of tamoxifen increased NBT reduction and the expression of CD11b in HL-60 cells more effectively than ATRA alone. Tamoxifen also enhanced the differentiation induced by the other inducers tested. ATRA induced the differentiation of APL cell lines NB4 and HT93 and APL cells in primary culture, and this differentiation was also enhanced by tamoxifen. Tamoxifen is one of the most widely used drugs for the treatment of cancer and has few side effects. The combination of ATRA and tamoxifen might be considered for the treatment of APL patients in whom it can be difficult to apply arsenic trioxide or anthracyclines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Adachi
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshio Honma
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Takaaki Miyake
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Koshi Kawakami
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Junji Suzumiya
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
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13
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Ma Y, Johnson CS, Trump DL. Mechanistic Insights of Vitamin D Anticancer Effects. VITAMIN D HORMONE 2016; 100:395-431. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Zheng R, Wang X, Studzinski GP. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 induces monocytic differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells by regulating C/EBPβ expression through MEF2C. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 148:132-7. [PMID: 25448741 PMCID: PMC4361347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Myogenic enhancer factor2 (Mef2) consists of a family of transcription factors involved in morphogenesis of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle cells. Among the four isoforms (Mef2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D), Mef2C was also found to play important roles in hematopoiesis. At myeloid progenitor level, Mef2C expression favors monocytic differentiation. Previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated that ERK5 was activated in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D)-induced monocytic differentiation in AML cells and ERK5 activation was accompanied by increased Mef2C phosphorylation. We therefore examined the role of Mef2C in 1,25D-induced monocytic differentiation in AML cell lines (HL60, U937 and THP1) and found that knockdown of Mef2C with small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly decreases the expression of the monocytic marker, CD14, without affecting the expression of the general myeloid marker, CD11b. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) β, which can bind to CD14 promoter and increase its transcription, has been shown to be the downstream effector of 1,25D-induced monocytic differentiation in AML cells. When Mef2C was knocked down, expression of C/EBPβ was reduced at both mRNA and protein levels. The protein expression levels of cell cycle regulators, p27(Kip1) and cyclin D1, were not affected by Mef2C knockdown, nor the monopoiesis related transcription factor, ATF2 (activating transcription factor 2). Thus, we conclude that 1,25D-induced monocytic differentiation, and CD14 expression in particular, are mediated through activation of ERK5-Mef2C-C/EBPβ signaling pathway, and that Mef2C does not seem to modulate cell cycle progression.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Blotting, Western
- CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta/genetics
- CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta/metabolism
- Calcitriol/pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cyclin D1/genetics
- Cyclin D1/metabolism
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27/genetics
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27/metabolism
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- MEF2 Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- MEF2 Transcription Factors/genetics
- MEF2 Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Monocytes/metabolism
- Monocytes/pathology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vitamins/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Zheng
- UH Cancer Center, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, 205 South Orange Ave., Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Xuening Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave., Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - George P Studzinski
- UH Cancer Center, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, 205 South Orange Ave., Newark, NJ 07103, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave., Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
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15
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Chen PT, Hsieh CC, Wu CT, Yen TC, Lin PY, Chen WC, Chen MF. 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Inhibits Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression by Reducing IL6 Signaling. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:1365-75. [PMID: 25824337 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to highlight the role of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The human esophageal SCC cell lines CE81T and TE2 were selected for cellular and animal experiments to investigate the changes in tumor behavior after calcitriol supplementation and the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, we evaluated the relationship between calcitriol supplementation, myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) recruitment, IL6 levels, and tumor progression by a 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO)-induced esophageal tumor animal model. In this study, we demonstrated that calcitriol supplementation inhibited aggressive tumor behavior both in vitro and in vivo. The underlying changes included increased cell death, a lower degree of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and inhibited IL6 signaling. In the 4-NQO-induced esophageal tumor animal model, increased IL6 and MDSC recruitment were linked with invasive esophageal tumors. Supplementation with calcitriol attenuated the level of IL6, the induction of MDSCs, and the incidence of 4-NQO-induced invasive tumors. Moreover, the IL6-induced changes in C57 mice, including augmented MDSC recruitment, increased levels of ROS and p-Stat3 in MDSCs, and higher suppressive function of MDSCs in T-cell proliferation, which were abrogated by calcitriol supplementation. On the basis of our results, we concluded that calcitriol abrogated the IL6-induced aggressive tumor behavior and MDSC recruitment to inhibit esophageal tumor promotion. Therefore, we suggest that supplementation with vitamin D3 may be a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of esophageal SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Tsung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Department of Hematology and Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chuan Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Te Wu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chen Yen
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Linkou, Taiwan. Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging and Translation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Paul-Yang Lin
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Cheng Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Fen Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
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16
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Gocek E, Studzinski GP. The Potential of Vitamin D-Regulated Intracellular Signaling Pathways as Targets for Myeloid Leukemia Therapy. J Clin Med 2015; 4:504-34. [PMID: 26239344 PMCID: PMC4470153 DOI: 10.3390/jcm4040504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The current standard regimens for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are curative in less than half of patients; therefore, there is a great need for innovative new approaches to this problem. One approach is to target new treatments to the pathways that are instrumental to cell growth and survival with drugs that are less harmful to normal cells than to neoplastic cells. In this review, we focus on the MAPK family of signaling pathways and those that are known to, or potentially can, interact with MAPKs, such as PI3K/AKT/FOXO and JAK/STAT. We exemplify the recent studies in this field with specific relevance to vitamin D and its derivatives, since they have featured prominently in recent scientific literature as having anti-cancer properties. Since microRNAs also are known to be regulated by activated vitamin D, this is also briefly discussed here, as are the implications of the emerging acquisition of transcriptosome data and potentiation of the biological effects of vitamin D by other compounds. While there are ongoing clinical trials of various compounds that affect signaling pathways, more studies are needed to establish the clinical utility of vitamin D in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Gocek
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland.
| | - George P Studzinski
- Department of Pathology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 185 South Orange Ave., Newark, NJ 17101, USA.
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17
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Wang X, Pesakhov S, Harrison JS, Kafka M, Danilenko M, Studzinski GP. The MAPK ERK5, but not ERK1/2, inhibits the progression of monocytic phenotype to the functioning macrophage. Exp Cell Res 2014; 330:199-211. [PMID: 25447310 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular signaling pathways present targets for pharmacological agents with potential for treatment of neoplastic diseases, with some disease remissions already recorded. However, cellular compensatory mechanisms usually negate the initial success. For instance, attempts to interrupt aberrant signaling downstream of the frequently mutated ras by inhibiting ERK1/2 has shown only limited usefulness for cancer therapy. Here, we examined how ERK5, that overlaps the functions of ERK1/2 in cell proliferation and survival, functions in a manner distinct from ERK1/2 in human AML cells induced to differentiate by 1,25D-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D). Using inhibitors of ERK1/2 and of MEK5/ERK5 at concentrations specific for each kinase in HL60 and U937 cells, we observed that selective inhibition of the kinase activity of ERK5, but not of ERK1/2, in the presence of 1,25D resulted in macrophage-like cell morphology and enhancement of phagocytic activity. Importantly, this was associated with increased expression of the macrophage colony stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR), but was not seen when M-CSFR expression was knocked down. Interestingly, inhibition of ERK1/2 led to activation of ERK5 in these cells. Our results support the hypothesis that ERK5 negatively regulates the expression of M-CSFR, and thus has a restraining function on macrophage differentiation. The addition of pharmacological inhibitors of ERK5 may influence trials of differentiation therapy of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Wang
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, NJ Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Stella Pesakhov
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry & Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, PO Box 653, 84105 Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Jonathan S Harrison
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Michael Kafka
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry & Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, PO Box 653, 84105 Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Michael Danilenko
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry & Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, PO Box 653, 84105 Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - George P Studzinski
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, NJ Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
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18
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Artemenko K, Horáková J, Steinberger B, Besenfelder U, Brem G, Bergquist J, Mayrhofer C. A proteomic approach to monitor the dynamic response of the female oviductal epithelial cell surface to male gametes. J Proteomics 2014; 113:1-14. [PMID: 25281772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sophisticated strategies to analyze cell surface proteins are indispensable to study fundamental biological processes, such as the response of cells to environmental changes or cell-cell communication. Herein, we describe a refined mass spectrometry-based approach for the specific characterization and quantitation of cell surface proteins expressed in the female reproductive tract. The strategy is based on in situ biotinylation of rabbit oviducts, affinity enrichment of surface exposed biotin tagged proteins and dimethyl labeling of the obtained tryptic peptides followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. This approach proved to be sensitive enough to analyze small sample amounts (<1μg) and allowed further to trace the dynamic composition of the surface proteome of the oviductal epithelium in response to male gametes. The relative protein expression ratios of 175 proteins were quantified. Thirty-one of them were found to be altered over time, namely immediately, 1h and 2h after insemination compared to the time-matched control groups. Functional analysis demonstrated that structural reorganization of the oviductal epithelial cell surface was involved in the early response of the female organ to semen. In summary, this study outlines a workflow that is capable to monitor alterations in the female oviduct that are related to key reproductive processes in vivo. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE The proper interaction between the female reproductive tract, in particular, the oviduct and the male gametes, is fundamental to fertilization and embryonic development under physiological conditions. Thereby the oviductal epithelial cell surface proteins play an important role. Besides their direct interaction with male gametes, these molecules participate in signal transduction and, thus, are involved in the mandatory cellular response of the oviductal epithelium. In this study we present a refined LC-MS/MS based workflow that is capable to quantitatively analyze the expression of oviductal epithelial cell surface proteins in response to insemination in vivo. A special focus was on the very early interaction between the female organ and the male gametes. At first, this study clearly revealed an immediate response of the surface proteome to semen, which was modulated over time. The described methodology can be applied for studies of further distinct biological events in the oviduct and therefore contribute to a deeper insight into the formation of new life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Artemenko
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Biomedical Center and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Jana Horáková
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Biomedical Center and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Birgit Steinberger
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department for Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Biotechnology in Animal Production, Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Tulln, Austria
| | - Urban Besenfelder
- Institute of Biotechnology in Animal Production, Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Tulln, Austria
| | - Gottfried Brem
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department for Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Biomedical Center and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Corina Mayrhofer
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department for Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Biotechnology in Animal Production, Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Tulln, Austria
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19
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Jensen HA, Bunaciu RP, Ibabao CN, Myers R, Varner JD, Yen A. Retinoic acid therapy resistance progresses from unilineage to bilineage in HL-60 leukemic blasts. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98929. [PMID: 24922062 PMCID: PMC4055670 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emergent resistance can be progressive and driven by global signaling aberrations. All-trans retinoic acid (RA) is the standard therapeutic agent for acute promyelocytic leukemia, but 10-20% of patients are not responsive, and initially responsive patients relapse and develop retinoic acid resistance. The patient-derived, lineage-bipotent acute myeloblastic leukemia (FAB M2) HL-60 cell line is a potent tool for characterizing differentiation-induction therapy responsiveness and resistance in t(15;17)-negative cells. Wild-type (WT) HL-60 cells undergo RA-induced granulocytic differentiation, or monocytic differentiation in response to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (D3). Two sequentially emergent RA-resistant HL-60 cell lines, R38+ and R38-, distinguishable by RA-inducible CD38 expression, do not arrest in G1/G0 and fail to upregulate CD11b and the myeloid-associated signaling factors Vav1, c-Cbl, Lyn, Fgr, and c-Raf after RA treatment. Here, we show that the R38+ and R38- HL-60 cell lines display a progressive reduced response to D3-induced differentiation therapy. Exploiting the biphasic dynamic of induced HL-60 differentiation, we examined if resistance-related defects occurred during the first 24 h (the early or "precommitment" phase) or subsequently (the late or "lineage-commitment" phase). HL-60 were treated with RA or D3 for 24 h, washed and retreated with either the same, different, or no differentiation agent. Using flow cytometry, D3 was able to induce CD38, CD11b and CD14 expression, and G1/G0 arrest when present during the lineage-commitment stage in R38+ cells, and to a lesser degree in R38- cells. Clustering analysis of cytometry and quantified Western blot data indicated that WT, R38+ and R38- HL-60 cells exhibited decreasing correlation between phenotypic markers and signaling factor expression. Thus differentiation induction therapy resistance can develop in stages, with initial partial RA resistance and moderate vitamin D3 responsiveness (unilineage maturation block), followed by bilineage maturation block and progressive signaling defects, notably the reduced expression of Vav1, Fgr, and c-Raf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly A Jensen
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Rodica P Bunaciu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Christopher N Ibabao
- Department of Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Myers
- Department of Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey D Varner
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrew Yen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
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20
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Hu XT, Zuckerman KS. Role of cell cycle regulatory molecules in retinoic acid- and vitamin D3-induced differentiation of acute myeloid leukaemia cells. Cell Prolif 2014; 47:200-10. [PMID: 24646031 PMCID: PMC6496847 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The important role of cell cycle regulatory molecules in all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)- and vitamin D3-induced growth inhibition and differentiation induction has been intensively studied in both acute myeloid leukaemia primary cells and a variety of leukaemia cell lines. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK)-activating kinase has been demonstrated to interact with retinoic acid receptor (RAR)α in acute promyelocytic leukaemia cells, and inhibition of CDK-activating kinase by ATRA causes hypophosphorylation of PML-RARα, leading to myeloid differentiation. In many cases, downregulation of CDK activity by ATRA and vitamin D3 is a result of elevated p21- and p27-bound CDKs. Activation of p21 is regulated at the transcriptional level, whereas elevated p27 results from both (indirectly) transcriptional activation and post-translational modifications. CDK inhibitors (CKIs) of the INK family, such as p15, p16 and p18, are mainly involved in inhibition of cell proliferation, whereas CIP/KIP members, such as p21, regulate both growth arrest and induction of differentiation. ATRA and vitamin D3 can also downregulate expression of G1 CDKs, especially CDK2 and CDK6. Inhibition of cyclin E expression has only been observed in ATRA- but not in vitamin D3-treated leukaemic cells. In vitro, not only dephosphorylation of pRb but also elevation of total pRb is required for ATRA and vitamin D3 to suppress growth and trigger their differentiation. Finally, sharp reduction in c-Myc has been observed in several leukaemia cell lines treated with ATRA, which may regulate expression of CDKs and CKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. T. Hu
- Department of BiologyCollege of Arts & SciencesBarry UniversityMiami ShoresFL33161USA
| | - K. S. Zuckerman
- Department of Malignant HematologyH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFL33612USA
- Departments of Oncologic Sciences and Internal MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampaFL33612USA
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21
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Chen TI, Chiu HW, Pan YC, Hsu ST, Lin JH, Yang KT. Intermittent hypoxia-induced protein phosphatase 2A activation reduces PC12 cell proliferation and differentiation. J Biomed Sci 2014; 21:46. [PMID: 24885237 PMCID: PMC4058715 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-21-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent hypoxia (IH) plays a critical role in sleep breathing disorder-associated hippocampus impairments, including neurocognitive deficits, irreversible memory and learning impairments. IH-induced neuronal injury in the hippocampus may result from reduced precursor cell proliferation and the relative numbers of postmitotic differentiated neurons. However, the mechanisms underlying IH-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation effects on cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation remain largely unknown. RESULTS ROS generation significantly increased after 1-4 days of IH without increased pheochromocytoma-12 (PC12) cell death, which resulted in increased protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) mRNA and protein levels. After 3-4 days of IH, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) protein phosphorylation decreased, which could be reversed by superoxide dismutase (SOD), 1,10-phenanthroline (Phe), the PP2A phosphorylation inhibitors, okadaic acid (OKA) and cantharidin, and the ERK phosphorylation activator nicotine (p < 0.05). In particular, the significantly reduced cell proliferation and increased proportions of cells in the G0/G1 phase after 1-4 days of IH (p < 0.05), which resulted in decreased numbers of PC12 cells, could be reversed by treatment with SOD, Phe, PP2A inhibitors and an ERK activator. In addition, the numbers of nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced PC12 cells with neurite outgrowths after 3-4 days of IH were less than those after 4 days of RA, which was also reversed by SOD, Phe, PP2A inhibitors and an ERK activator. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that IH-induced ROS generation increases PP2A activation and subsequently downregulates ERK1/2 activation, which results in inhibition of PC12 cell proliferation through G0/G1 phase arrest and NGF-induced neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kun-Ta Yang
- Master program, Physiology and Anatomical Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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22
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Wang X, Pesakhov S, Harrison JS, Danilenko M, Studzinski GP. ERK5 pathway regulates transcription factors important for monocytic differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:856-67. [PMID: 24264602 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are important transducers of external signals for cell growth, survival, and other cellular responses including cell differentiation. Several MAPK cascades are known with the MEK1/2-ERK1/2, JNK, and p38MAPKs receiving most attention, but the role of MEK5-ERK5 in intracellular signaling deserves more scrutiny, as this pathway transmits signals that can complement ERK/2 signaling. We hypothesized that the ERK5 pathway plays a role in the control of monocytic differentiation, which is disturbed in myeloid leukemia. We therefore examined the cellular phenotype and key molecular events which occur when human myeloid leukemia cells, acute (AML) or chronic (CML), are forced to differentiate by vitamin D derivatives (VDDs). This study was performed using established cell lines HL60 and U937, and primary cultures of blasts from 10 patients with ML. We found that ERK5 and its direct downstream target transcription factor MEF2C are upregulated by 1,25D in parallel with monocytic differentiation. Further, inhibition of ERK5 activity by specific pharmacological agents BIX02189 and XMD8-92 alters the phenotype of these cells by reducing the abundance of the VDD-induced surface monocytic marker CD14, and concomitantly increasing surface expression of the general myeloid marker CD11b. Similar results were obtained when the expression of ERK5 was reduced by siRNA or short hairpin (sh) RNA. ERK5 inhibition resulted in an expected decrease in MEF2C activation. We also found that in AML cells the transcription factor C/EBPβ is positively regulated, while C/EBPα is negatively regulated by ERK5. These findings provide new understanding of dysregulated differentiation in human myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
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Lalic H, Dembitz V, Lukinovic-Skudar V, Banfic H, Visnjic D. 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside induces differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 55:2375-83. [PMID: 24359245 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.876633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated kinase (AMPK) modulators have been shown to exert cytotoxic activity in hematological malignancies, but their role in the differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is less explored. In this study, the effects of AMPK agonists on all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-mediated differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and non-APL AML cell lines were investigated. The results show that AMPK agonists inhibit the growth of myeloblastic HL-60, promyelocytic NB4 and monocytic U937 cells. 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, enhances ATRA-mediated differentiation of NB4 cells. In U937 cells, AICAR alone induces the expression of cell surface markers associated with mature monocytes and macrophages. In both cell lines, AICAR increases the activity of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and the presence of a MAPK inhibitor reduces the expression of differentiation markers. These results reveal beneficial effects of AICAR in AML, including differentiation of non-APL AML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrvoje Lalic
- Department of Physiology and Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb , Croatia
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24
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Huber R, Pietsch D, Günther J, Welz B, Vogt N, Brand K. Regulation of monocyte differentiation by specific signaling modules and associated transcription factor networks. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:63-92. [PMID: 23525665 PMCID: PMC11113479 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte/macrophages are important players in orchestrating the immune response as well as connecting innate and adaptive immunity. Myelopoiesis and monopoiesis are characterized by the interplay between expansion of stem/progenitor cells and progression towards further developed (myelo)monocytic phenotypes. In response to a variety of differentiation-inducing stimuli, various prominent signaling pathways are activated. Subsequently, specific transcription factors are induced, regulating cell proliferation and maturation. This review article focuses on the integration of signaling modules and transcriptional networks involved in the determination of monocytic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Huber
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany,
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JU SUNGMIN, KANG JUNGUE, PAE HYUNOCK, LEE GUEMSAN, KIM WONSIN, LYU YEOUNGSU, JEON BYUNGHUN. Nardostachys chinensis induces the differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemic cells through the activation of the protein kinase C-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2013; 33:573-80. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Milczarek M, Chodyński M, Filip-Psurska B, Martowicz A, Krupa M, Krajewski K, Kutner A, Wietrzyk J. Synthesis and Biological Activity of Diastereomeric and Geometric Analogs of Calcipotriol, PRI-2202 and PRI-2205, Against Human HL-60 Leukemia and MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2013; 5:1355-78. [PMID: 24202449 PMCID: PMC3875943 DOI: 10.3390/cancers5041355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diastereomeric and geometric analogs of calcipotriol, PRI-2202 and PRI-2205, were synthesized as advanced intermediates from vitamin D C-22 benzothiazoyl sulfones and side-chain aldehydes using our convergent strategy. Calcitriol, calcipotriol (PRI-2201) and tacalcitol (PRI-2191) were used as the reference compounds. Among a series of tested analogs the diastereomeric analog PRI-2202 showed the strongest antiproliferative activity on the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, whereas the geometric analog PRI-2205 was the weakest. Both analogs were less potent in antiproliferative activity against HL-60 cells compared to the reference compounds. The ability to potentiate antiproliferative effect of cisplatin or doxorubicin against HL-60 cells or that of tamoxifen against the MCF-7 cell line was observed at higher doses of PRI-2202 or PRI-2205 than those of the reference compounds. The proapoptotic activity of tamoxifen, expressed as the diminished mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as the increased phosphatidylserine expression, was partially attenuated by calcitriol, PRI-2191, PRI-2201 and PRI-2205. The treatment of the MCF-7 cells with tamoxifen alone resulted in an increase in VDR expression. Moreover, a further increase in VDR expression was observed when the analogs PRI-2201 or PRI-2205, but not PRI-2191, were used in combination with tamoxifen. This observation could partially explain the potentiation of the antiproliferative effect of tamoxifen by vitamin D analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Milczarek
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 12 Weigla, Wroclaw 53-114, Poland; E-Mails: (M.M.); (B.F.-P.); (A.M.)
| | - Michał Chodyński
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 8 Rydygiera, Warsaw 01-793, Poland; E-Mails: (M.C.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Beata Filip-Psurska
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 12 Weigla, Wroclaw 53-114, Poland; E-Mails: (M.M.); (B.F.-P.); (A.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Martowicz
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 12 Weigla, Wroclaw 53-114, Poland; E-Mails: (M.M.); (B.F.-P.); (A.M.)
| | - Małgorzata Krupa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 8 Rydygiera, Warsaw 01-793, Poland; E-Mails: (M.C.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Krzysztof Krajewski
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 8 Rydygiera, Warsaw 01-793, Poland; E-Mails: (M.C.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Andrzej Kutner
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 8 Rydygiera, Warsaw 01-793, Poland; E-Mails: (M.C.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 12 Weigla, Wroclaw 53-114, Poland; E-Mails: (M.M.); (B.F.-P.); (A.M.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +48-713-709-985; Fax: +48-713-709-992
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Lee HJ, Muindi JR, Tan W, Hu Q, Wang D, Liu S, Wilding GE, Ford LA, Sait SNJ, Block AW, Adjei AA, Barcos M, Griffiths EA, Thompson JE, Wang ES, Johnson CS, Trump DL, Wetzler M. Low 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels are associated with adverse outcome in newly diagnosed, intensively treated adult acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer 2013; 120:521-9. [PMID: 24166051 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have suggested that low 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels may be prognostic in some malignancies, but no studies have evaluated their impact on treatment outcome in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS Vitamin D levels were evaluated in 97 consecutive, newly diagnosed, intensively treated patients with AML. MicroRNA expression profiles and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 25(OH) vitamin D3 pathway genes were evaluated and correlated with 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels and treatment outcome. RESULTS Thirty-four patients (35%) had normal 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels (32-100 ng/mL), 34 patients (35%) had insufficient levels (20-31.9 ng/mL), and 29 patients (30%) had deficient levels (<20 ng/mL). Insufficient/deficient 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels were associated with worse relapse-free survival (RFS) compared with normal vitamin D3 levels. In multivariate analyses, deficient 25(OH) vitamin D3 , smoking, European Leukemia Network genetic group, and white blood cell count retained their statistical significance for RFS. Several microRNAs and SNPs were associated with 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels, although none remained significant after multiple test corrections; one 25(OH) vitamin D3 receptor SNP, rs10783219, was associated with a lower complete remission rate (P = .0442) and with shorter RFS (P = .0058) and overall survival (P = .0011). CONCLUSIONS It remains to be determined what role microRNA and SNP profiles play in contributing to low 25(OH) vitamin D3 level and/or outcome and whether supplementation will improve outcomes for patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun Ju Lee
- Leukemia Section, Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York
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Sepporta MV, Mazza T, Morozzi G, Fabiani R. Pinoresinol inhibits proliferation and induces differentiation on human HL60 leukemia cells. Nutr Cancer 2013; 65:1208-18. [PMID: 24099079 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.828089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Pinoresinol (PIN), one of the simplest lignans, is the precursor of other dietary lignans that are present in whole-grain cereals, legumes, fruits, and other vegetables. Several experimental and epidemiological evidences suggest that lignans may prevent human cancer in different organs. In this study we investigated the chemopreventive properties of PIN on cell lines derived from different sites either expressing or not the functional tumor suppressor protein p53. It was found that PIN inhibited the proliferation of p53 wild type colon and prostate tumor cells (HCT116 and LNCaP) while in breast cells the inhibition of growth was observed only in p53 mutant cells (MDA-MB-231). A potent antiproliferative activity of PIN was also observed on p53 null cells HL60 (IC50% 8 μM), their multidrug resistant variant HL60R (IC50% 32 μM) and K562. On HL60 cells, PIN caused a block of cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, induced a weak proapoptotic effect but it was a good trigger of differentiation (NBT reduction and CD11b expression). PIN caused an upregulation of the CDK inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1) both at mRNA and protein levels so suggesting that this could be a mechanism by which PIN reduced proliferation and induced differentiation on HL60 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittoria Sepporta
- a Dipartimento di Specialità Medico-Chirurgiche e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Epidemiologia Molecolare ed Igiene Ambientale , Università degli Studi di Perugia , Perugia , Italy
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Hidaka M, Wakabayashi I, Takeda Y, Fukuzawa K. Vitamin D₃ derivatives increase soluble CD14 release through ERK1/2 activation and decrease IL-8 production in intestinal epithelial cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 721:305-12. [PMID: 24060240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the innate immune system has been reported to cause intestinal inflammation. Vitamin D3 is known to be an important immune system regulator and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated in vitro effects of vitamin D3 and its derivatives on the innate immune system in HT-29 cells, a line of human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Among the innate immune-related receptors such as Toll-like receptor (TLR) 1, 2, 4, 6, and CD14 examined by flow cytometry, only CD14 was up-regulated by vitamin D3 derivatives. Release of soluble form CD14 (sCD14) was also increased by vitamin D3 derivatives. The 1α,25-dihydroxy-22-oxavitamin D3 (Oxa-D3) induced-sCD14 release was inhibited by U0126 (a specific inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase; ERK1/2) but not by SB203580 (a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK), and ERK1/2 phosphorylation was accelerated by Oxa-D3. These results indicate that Oxa-D3 facilitates the release of sCD14 through ERK1/2 activation. IL-8 production stimulated with LPS was diminished by vitamin D3 derivatives. Recombinant sCD14 also lowered the LPS-stimulated IL-8 production, suggesting neutralization of LPS by sCD14. The anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin D3 derivatives was thus associated with diminution of IL-8 production due to increased release of sCD14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Hidaka
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1 Yasuhigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima 731-0153, Japan; Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
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Wang Z, Fan J, Liu M, Yeung S, Chang A, Chow MSS, Pon D, Huang Y. Nutraceuticals for prostate cancer chemoprevention: from molecular mechanisms to clinical application. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2013; 22:1613-26. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2013.833183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Clinckspoor I, Verlinden L, Mathieu C, Bouillon R, Verstuyf A, Decallonne B. Vitamin D in thyroid tumorigenesis and development. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 48:65-98. [PMID: 23890557 DOI: 10.1016/j.proghi.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Besides its classical role in bone and calcium homeostasis, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), the active form of vitamin D, has many non-classical effects; antiproliferative, anti-apoptotic and prodifferentiating effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 have been described in several tumour types in preclinical models. This review focuses on the insights gained in the elucidation of the role of 1,25(OH)2D3 in the normal thyroid and in the pathogenesis, progression and treatment of thyroid cancer, the most common endocrine malignancy. An increasing amount of observations points towards a role for impaired 1,25(OH)2D3-VDR signalling in the occurrence and progression of thyroid cancer, and a potential for structural analogues in the multimodal treatment of dedifferentiated iodine-resistant thyroid cancer. A role for vitamin D in thyroid-related autoimmunity is less convincing and needs further study. Altered 1,25(OH)2D3-VDR signalling does not influence normal thyroid development nor thyrocyte function, but does affect C-cell function, at least in rodents. If these findings also apply to humans deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Clinckspoor
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Bus 902, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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32
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ROS play a critical role in the differentiation of alternatively activated macrophages and the occurrence of tumor-associated macrophages. Cell Res 2013; 23:898-914. [PMID: 23752925 PMCID: PMC3698641 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2013.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation to different types of macrophages determines their distinct functions. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote tumorigenesis owing to their proangiogenic and immune-suppressive functions similar to those of alternatively activated (M2) macrophages. We report that reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is critical for macrophage differentiation and that inhibition of superoxide (O2−) production specifically blocks the differentiation of M2 macrophages. We found that when monocytes are triggered to differentiate, O2− is generated and is needed for the biphasic ERK activation, which is critical for macrophage differentiation. We demonstrated that ROS elimination by butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and other ROS inhibitors blocks macrophage differentiation. However, the inhibitory effect of ROS elimination on macrophage differentiation is overcome when cells are polarized to classically activated (M1), but not M2, macrophages. More importantly, the continuous administration of the ROS inhibitor BHA efficiently blocked the occurrence of TAMs and markedly suppressed tumorigenesis in mouse cancer models. Targeting TAMs by blocking ROS can be a potentially effective method for cancer treatment.
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Afzal S, Bojesen SE, Nordestgaard BG. Low plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of tobacco-related cancer. Clin Chem 2013; 59:771-80. [PMID: 23503722 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2012.201939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoke chemicals may influence vitamin D metabolism and function, and conversely vitamin D may modify the carcinogenicity of tobacco smoke chemicals. We tested the hypothesis that lower plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is associated with a higher risk of tobacco-related cancer in the general population. METHODS A prospective population-based cohort of 9791 individuals from the Copenhagen City Heart Study who were free of cancer at baseline was followed from 1981-1983 until December 2008 with 100% complete follow-up. RESULTS During up to 28 years of follow-up, 1081 participants developed a tobacco-related cancer and 1506 developed other cancers. Decreasing 25(OH)D concentrations, subdivided by clinical categories or by seasonally adjusted percentile categories, were associated with increasing cumulative incidence of tobacco-related cancer (log-rank trend P = 2 × 10(-6) and P = 5 × 10(-9)). Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios of tobacco-related cancer were 1.75 (95% CI, 1.33-2.30) for 25(OH)D <5 vs ≥20 ng/mL, and 2.07 (1.63-2.62) for ≤5th vs >66th percentile. Also, multivariable adjusted hazard ratios for a 50% reduction in 25(OH)D were 1.20 (1.13-1.28) for any tobacco-related cancer, 1.19 (95% CI, 1.09-1.31) for lung cancer, 1.44 (1.19-1.73) for head and neck cancer, 1.28 (1.06-1.54) for bladder cancer, 1.34 (1.04-1.73) for kidney cancer, and 0.95 (0.89-1.01) for other cancers. CONCLUSIONS Lower plasma 25(OH)D was associated with higher risk of tobacco-related cancers, but not with risk of other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Afzal
- The Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Park MR, Lee JH, Park MS, Hwang JE, Shim HJ, Cho SH, Chung IJ, Bae WK. Suppressive effect of 19-nor-1α-25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 on gastric cancer cells and peritoneal metastasis model. J Korean Med Sci 2012; 27:1037-43. [PMID: 22969249 PMCID: PMC3429820 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2012.27.9.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The active metabolite of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (calcitriol), inhibits the growth of several types of human cancer cells in vitro, but its therapeutic use is limited because it causes hypercalcemia. Among its analogs, 19-nor-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(2) (paricalcitol), has fewer calcemic effects and exhibits an activity equipotent to that of calcitriol. We assessed the antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects of paricalcitol in gastric cancer cells, and evaluated the potential role of vitamin D in the treatment of peritoneal metastatic gastric cancer. In this study, treatment with paricalcitol inhibited gastric cancer cell growth and induced cell cycle arrest. Paricalcitol also induced apoptosis and showed anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, the growth of intraperitoneal metastases in vivo was reduced in mice treated with paricalcitol. (18)F-FDG uptake was significantly lower in the paricalcitol group compared to control group (SUV; control group 13.2 ± 5.3 vs paricalcitol group 4.5 ± 3.0). Intraperitoneal tumor volume was significantly lower in paricalcitol treated mice (control group 353.2 ± 22.9 mm(3) vs paricalcitol group 252.0 ± 8.4 mm(3)). These results suggest that the vitamin D analog, paricalcitol, has anticancer activity on gastric cancer cells by regulation of the cell cycle, apoptosis, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ra Park
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ji Hee Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Myung Suk Park
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jun Eul Hwang
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Shim
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sang Hee Cho
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ik-Joo Chung
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Woo Kyun Bae
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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The in-vitro antiproliferative effect of PRI-2191 and imatinib applied in combined treatment with cisplatin, idarubicin, or docetaxel on human leukemia cells. Anticancer Drugs 2012; 23:70-80. [PMID: 21934605 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e32834b72de] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec, STI571) is a specific inhibitor of the Bcr/Abl fusion tyrosine kinase that exhibits potent antileukemic effects in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Bcr/Abl-positive K562 and Bcr/Abl-negative HL-60 human leukemia cells were used to investigate the effect of PRI-2191, a calcitriol analog, on the biological effects of imatinib combined with other anticancer drugs. The results show that PRI-2191 enhances the antiproliferative effect of imatinib on HL-60 cells. When these two agents together are applied with either docetaxel or cisplatin, but not with idarubicin, the antiproliferative effect could still be enhanced. Moreover, when the interaction between the chemotherapy agents was antagonistic or additive, PRI-2191 could even shift it to synergism. This effect correlated with an accumulation of HL-60 cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle and a decrease in the percentage of cells in the G2/M and S stage in the ternary combinations used. PRI-2191 did not influence apoptosis induced by imatinib alone or in ternary combinations with all the chemotherapy agents used. These results may suggest that the stronger antiproliferative effect of the combined treatment with PRI-2191 on HL-60 cells is related to cell cycle arrest rather than to the induction of apoptosis.
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Kim M, Mirandola L, Pandey A, Nguyen DD, Jenkins MR, Turcel M, Cobos E, Chiriva-Internati M. Application of vitamin D and derivatives in hematological malignancies. Cancer Lett 2012; 319:8-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Regulation of Leukemic Cell Differentiation through the Vitamin D Receptor at the Levels of Intracellular Signal Transduction, Gene Transcription, and Protein Trafficking and Stability. LEUKEMIA RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2012; 2012:713243. [PMID: 23213549 PMCID: PMC3505923 DOI: 10.1155/2012/713243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D) exerts its biological activities through vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is a member of the superfamily of steroid receptors, that act as ligand-dependent transcription factors. Ligated VDR in complex with retinoid X receptor (RXR) binds to regulatory regions of 1,25(OH)2D-target genes. 1,25(OH)2D is able to induce differentiation of leukemic blasts towards macrophage-like cells. Many different acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines respond to 1,25(OH)2D by increasing CD14 cell surface receptor, some additionally upregulate CD11b and CD11c integrins. In untreated AML cells VDR protein is present in cytosol at a very low level, even though its mRNA is continuously expressed. Ligation of VDR causes protein stabilization and translocation to the cell nuclei, where it regulates transcription of target genes. Several important groups of genes are regulated by 1,25(OH)2D in HL60 cells. These genes include differentiation-related genes involved in macrophage function, as well as a gene regulating degradation of 1,25(OH)2D, namely CYP24A1. We summarize here the data which demonstrate that though some cellular responses to 1,25(OH)2D in AML cells are transcription-dependent, there are many others which depend on intracellular signal transduction, protein trafficking and stabilization. The final effect of 1,25(OH)2D action in leukemic cells requires all these acting together.
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Thompson L, Wang S, Tawfik O, Templeton K, Tancabelic J, Pinson D, Anderson HC, Keighley J, Garimella R. Effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 1 α,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 on differentiation and apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cell lines. J Orthop Res 2012; 30:831-44. [PMID: 22042758 DOI: 10.1002/jor.21585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone tumor predominantly affecting children and adolescents. OS has a 60% survival rate with current treatments; hence, there is a need to identify novel adjuncts to chemotherapeutic regimens. In this pilot study, we investigated the dose-response to 1α,25-dihdroxyvitamin D(3) (1,α 25(OH)(2) D(3)) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25(OH)D(3)) by human OS cell lines, SaOS-2, and 143B. We hypothesized that 1,α 25(OH)(2) D(3) and 25(OH)D(3) would stimulate differentiation and induce apoptosis in OS cells in a dose-dependent manner. Human OS cell lines, SaOS-2, and 143B, were treated with 1,α 25(OH)(2)D(3) or 25(OH)D(3) or an ethanol control, respectively, at concentrations ranging from 1 to 1,000 nM. Ki67 (a marker of cellular proliferation) immunocytochemistry revealed no significant changes in the expression of Ki-67 or MIB-1 in 1α,25(OH)(2)D(3) or 25(OH)D(3) treated SaOS-2 or 143B cells. Both control and 1α,25(OH)(2) D(3) treated SaOS-2 and 143B cells expressed vitamin D receptor (VDR). Markers of osteoblastic differentiation in 143B cells and SaOS-2 cells were induced by both 25(OH)D(3) and 1α,25(OH)(2) D, and evident by increases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin (OCN) mRNA expression, and mineralization of extra-cellular matrix (ECM) by alizarin red staining. An increasing trend in apoptosis in response to 25(OH)D(3), in both SaOS-2 and 143B cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. With 1α,25(OH)(2)D(3) treatment, apoptosis was evident at higher concentrations only. These preliminary findings suggest that OS cells express VDR and respond to 25(OH)D(3) and 1α,25(OH)(2)D(3) by undergoing differentiation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Thompson
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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39
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Wen CL, Teng CL, Chiang CH, Chang CC, Hwang WL, Kuo CL, Hsu SL. Methanol extract of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia induces phenotypic and functional differentiation of HL60 into monocyte-like cells via an ERK/CEBP-β signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 19:424-435. [PMID: 22293124 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Revised: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Antrodia cinnamomea (named as Niu-chang-chih), a well-known Taiwanese folk medicinal mushroom, has a spectrum of biological activities, especially with anti-tumor property. This study was carried out for the first time to examine the potential role and the underlying mechanisms of A. cinnamomea in the differentiation of human leukemia HL60 cells. We found that the methanol extract of liquid cultured mycelia of A. cinnamomea (MEMAC) inhibited proliferation and induced G1-phase cell cycle arrest in HL60 cells. MEMAC could induce differentiation of HL60 cells into the monocytic lineage, as evaluated by the morphological change, nitroblue tetrazolium reduction assay, non-specific esterase assay, and expression of CD14 and CD11b surface antigens. In addition, MEMAC activated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and increased CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) expression. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that MEMAC upregulated the expression of C/EBPβ and CD14 mRNA in HL60 cells. DNA affinity precipitation assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses indicated that MEMAC enhanced the direct binding of C/EBPβ to its response element located at upstream of the CD14 promoter. Furthermore, inhibiting ERK pathway activation with PD98059 markedly blocked MEMAC-induced HL60 monocytic differentiation. Consistently, the MEMAC-mediated upregulation of C/EBPβ and CD14 was also suppressed by PD98059. These findings demonstrate that MEMAC-induced HL60 cell monocytic differentiation is via the activating ERK signaling pathway, and downstream upregulating the transcription factor C/EBPβ and differentiation marker CD14 gene, suggesting that MEMAC might be a potential differentiation-inducing agent for treatment of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Luan Wen
- Taiwan Seed Improvement and Propagation Station, Council of Agriculture, Propagation Technology Section, Taichung, Taiwan
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Gocek E, Wang X, Liu X, Liu CG, Studzinski GP. MicroRNA-32 upregulation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in human myeloid leukemia cells leads to Bim targeting and inhibition of AraC-induced apoptosis. Cancer Res 2011; 71:6230-9. [PMID: 21816906 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-1717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25D) used to treat human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells induces features of normal monocytes, but the mechanisms underlying this response are not fully understood. We hypothesized that one or more microRNAs (miRNA) known to control mouse hematopoiesis and lineage commitment might contribute to the ability of 1,25D to control the malignant phenotype. Here we report that 1,25D markedly induces expression of miR-32 in human myeloid leukemia cells, in which it targets the 3'-untranslated region of the mRNA encoding the proapoptotic factor Bim to reduce its expression. RNAi-mediated suppression of the miRNA-processing enzymes Drosha and Dicer increased Bim levels, in support of the concept that Bim is under miRNA control in AML cells. Antisense-mediated suppression of miR-32 was sufficient to upregulate Bim expression in AML cells. Conversely, ectopic expression of miR-32 downregulated Bim expression and increased the differentiation response to 1,25D treatment in a manner that was associated with increased cell survival. The positive effects of miR-32 on cell survival were confirmed by evidence of increased cell death in AML cells preexposed to antisense miR-32 before treatment with arabinocytosine, a chemotherapeutic drug used to treat human AML. Together, our findings indicate that miR-32 blockade is sufficient to elevate Bim expression and sensitize AML cells to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Thus, agents which can inhibit miR-32 expression may offer clinical utility by enhancing therapeutic efficacy in human AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Gocek
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UMD-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07101, USA
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41
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Tasseff R, Nayak S, Song SO, Yen A, Varner JD. Modeling and analysis of retinoic acid induced differentiation of uncommitted precursor cells. Integr Biol (Camb) 2011; 3:578-91. [PMID: 21437295 PMCID: PMC3685823 DOI: 10.1039/c0ib00141d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of differentiation programs has therapeutic potential in a spectrum of human cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we integrated computational and experimental methods to unravel the response of a lineage uncommitted precursor cell-line, HL-60, to Retinoic Acid (RA). HL-60 is a human myeloblastic leukemia cell-line used extensively to study human differentiation programs. Initially, we focused on the role of the BLR1 receptor in RA-induced differentiation and G1/0-arrest in HL-60. BLR1, a putative G protein-coupled receptor expressed following RA exposure, is required for RA-induced cell-cycle arrest and differentiation and causes persistent MAPK signaling. A mathematical model of RA-induced cell-cycle arrest and differentiation was formulated and tested against BLR1 wild-type (wt) knock-out and knock-in HL-60 cell-lines with and without RA. The current model described the dynamics of 729 proteins and protein complexes interconnected by 1356 interactions. An ensemble strategy was used to compensate for uncertain model parameters. The ensemble of HL-60 models recapitulated the positive feedback between BLR1 and MAPK signaling. The ensemble of models also correctly predicted Rb and p47phox regulation and the correlation between p21-CDK4-cyclin D formation and G1/0-arrest following exposure to RA. Finally, we investigated the robustness of the HL-60 network architecture to structural perturbations and generated experimentally testable hypotheses for future study. Taken together, the model presented here was a first step toward a systematic framework for analysis of programmed differentiation. These studies also demonstrated that mechanistic network modeling can help prioritize experimental directions by generating falsifiable hypotheses despite uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Tasseff
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca NY, 14853
| | - Satyaprakash Nayak
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca NY, 14853
| | - Sang Ok Song
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca NY, 14853
| | - Andrew Yen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca NY, 14853
| | - Jeffrey D. Varner
- Cornell University, 244 Olin Hall, Ithaca NY, 14853. Fax: 607 255 9166; Tel: 607 255 4258
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca NY, 14853
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Wang X, Studzinski GP. Oncoprotein Cot1 represses kinase suppressors of Ras1/2 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced differentiation of human acute myeloid leukemia cells. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:1232-40. [PMID: 20945381 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Metabolites and derivatives of vitamin D are well-known inducers of monocytic differentiation, but the mechanistic basis for their action is not fully elucidated. Here we show that the product of protooncogene Cot1 represses the monocytic phenotype in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells induced to differentiate by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25D), even though the expression of cellular Cot1 increases early in the process of 1,25D-induced differentiation. Interestingly, the expression of the two members of the Kinase Suppressor of Ras (KSR) family of molecular scaffolds, known to be positive regulators of Ras signaling and of 1,25D-induced differentiation, increases in parallel with Cot1 in 1,25D-treated cells. However, KSR1/2 are negatively regulated by Cot1, as determined by transfection of siCot1, and confirmed by a reverse effect of ectopic expression of Cot1. The effect of Cot1 in AML cells appears to be cell-type specific, as previous reports in other cell types found KSR-2 to be a negative regulator of Cot1, a reverse relationship. Also in contrast to findings in other cells, in AML cells Cot1 exerts negative control on the MAP kinase pathways, since siCot1 increases the levels of activated Raf1, p90RSK, JNK1, c-jun, and p38, though not of MEK/ERK. These findings have implications for therapy of AML, since in AML cells active MAPKs hasten cell differentiation, and specific pharmacological inhibitors of Cot1 kinase activity have recently became available, thus making Cot1 a "druggable" target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07101-1709, USA
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Yang BX, Duan YJ, Dong CY, Zhang F, Gao WF, Cui XY, Lin YM, Ma XT. Novel Functions for mda-7/IL-24 and IL-24 delE5: Regulation of Differentiation of Acute Myeloid Leukemic Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:615-25. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-10-0863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhang J, Harrison JS, Studzinski GP. Isoforms of p38MAPK gamma and delta contribute to differentiation of human AML cells induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃. Exp Cell Res 2010; 317:117-30. [PMID: 20804750 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Revised: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of p38MAPK alpha/beta is known to enhance 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin (1,25D)-induced monocytic differentiation, but the detailed mechanism of this effect was not clear. We now show that the enhancement of differentiation becomes apparent with slow kinetics (12-24 h). Interestingly, the inhibition of p38MAPK alpha/beta by their selective inhibitor SB202190 (SB) leads to an upregulated expression of p38MAPK isoforms gamma and delta in 1,25D-treated AML cells, in cell lines and in primary culture. Although the expression and activating phosphorylations of p38MAPK alpha are also increased by an exposure of the cells to SB, its kinase activity is blocked by SB, as shown by reduced levels of phosphorylated Hsp27, a downstream target of p38MAPK alpha. A positive role of p38MAPKs in 1,25D-induced differentiation is shown by the inhibition of differentiation by antisense oligonucleotides to all p38MAPK isoforms. Other principal branches of MAPK pathways showed early (6 h) activation of MEK/ERK by SB, followed by activation of JNK1/2 pathway and enhanced expression and/or activation of PU.1, ATF-2 differentiation-related transcription factors. Taken together with previous reports, the results indicate that 1,25D-induced differentiation is enhanced by the activation of at least three branches of MAPK pathways (ERK1/2; p38MAPK gamma/delta; JNK1/2). This activation may result from the removal of feedback inhibition of an upstream regulator of those pathways, when p38MAPK alpha and beta are inhibited by SB.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, Differentiation/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation/metabolism
- Calcitriol/pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- HL-60 Cells
- Humans
- Imidazoles/pharmacology
- Isoenzymes/genetics
- Isoenzymes/metabolism
- Isoenzymes/physiology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 12/antagonists & inhibitors
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 12/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 12/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 12/physiology
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 13/antagonists & inhibitors
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 13/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 13/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 13/physiology
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Monocytes/metabolism
- Monocytes/physiology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Pyridines/pharmacology
- Time Factors
- U937 Cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UMDNJ-New Jersey, Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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45
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Thompson T, Danilenko M, Vassilev L, Studzinski GP. Tumor suppressor p53 status does not determine the differentiation-associated G₁ cell cycle arrest induced in leukemia cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ and antioxidants. Cancer Biol Ther 2010; 10:344-50. [PMID: 20543580 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.10.4.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D derivatives can induce differentiation of human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Here, we investigated if the G₁ cell cycle block associated with monocytic differentiation is modulated by the p53 status of the cells treated with 1,25D, alone or with plant antioxidants carnosic acid (C) or silibinin (S), and a p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190 (SB), a combination (D-C/S-SB) previously shown to enhance differentiation of AML p53null cells. D-C/S-SB enhanced differentiation of OCI-AML3 (p53wt) and as expected HL60 (p53 null) cells, but not of MOLM-13 (p53wt) cells. Conversely, MOLM-13 (p53wt) cells treated with 1,25D and/or D-C/S-SB, resembled HL60 (p53 null) cells in rapid G₁ block, while OCI-AML3 (p53wt) cells showed a delayed G₁ block when treated in a similar way, indicating that there is no relationship between the p53 status and G₁ block. Western blot analysis revealed that 1,25D and D-C/S-SB increased the inhibitory phosphorylation levels MEK-1 (P-Thr286), but decreased the levels of activated ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204;Thr185/Tyr187), again without any apparent relationship to the p53 status. Interestingly, the increased levels of p21(Waf1/Cip1) were insufficient to promote a G₁ block in this system, as only cell lines with increased levels of p27(Kip1) and p35Nck5a, an activator of Cdk5, showed a rapid G₁ block. Overall, our data show that the p53-p21 axis is unlikely to have a role in differentiation-associated G₁ block in AML cells with wt p53, and that this block is achieved by several, possibly co-operating but redundant pathways, that include inhibition of MEK-1 by p35Nck5a-activated Cdk5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thelma Thompson
- Roche Research Center, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, NJ, USA
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Thompson T, Andreeff M, Studzinski GP, Vassilev LT. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 enhances the apoptotic activity of MDM2 antagonist nutlin-3a in acute myeloid leukemia cells expressing wild-type p53. Mol Cancer Ther 2010; 9:1158-68. [PMID: 20406950 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-09-1036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is often referred to as "the guardian of the genome" because of its central role in the cellular response to oncogenic stress and prevention of tumor development. Mutations of p53 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are rare but resistance to chemotherapy has been reported because of the deregulation of the p53 signaling and differentiation pathways. It is known that the interaction of the vitamin D metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25D) with its functional vitamin D receptor leads to differentiation, G(1) arrest, and increased cell survival in p53-null AML cells. However, there are no reports on the effect of 1,25D in leukemia cells expressing wild-type p53. Here, we examine vitamin D signaling in AML cells MOLM-13 and OCI-AML3 expressing wild-type p53 in the presence and absence of the MDM2 antagonist nutlin-3. We find that 1,25D alone induces monocytic differentiation in these cell lines similar to that seen in p53-null AML cells, suggesting that the presence of wild-type p53 is compatible with activation of vitamin D signaling. Combination of nutlin-3a with 1,25D accelerated programmed cell death, likely because of enhanced nutlin-induced upregulation of the proapoptotic PIG-6 protein and downregulation of antiapoptotic BCL-2, MDMX, human kinase suppressor of Ras 2, and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thelma Thompson
- Discovery Oncology, Roche Research Center, Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., Nutley, New Jersey, USA
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Levay K, Slepak VZ. Up- or downregulation of tescalcin in HL-60 cells is associated with their differentiation to either granulocytic or macrophage-like lineage. Exp Cell Res 2010; 316:1254-62. [PMID: 20060826 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Revised: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 01/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Tescalcin is a 25-kDa EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding protein that is differentially expressed in several mammalian tissues. Previous studies demonstrated that expression of this protein is essential for differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cell lines and primary stem cells into megakaryocytes. Here we show that tescalcin is expressed in primary human granulocytes and is upregulated in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells that have been induced to differentiate along the granulocytic lineage. However, during induced macrophage-like differentiation of HL-60 cells the expression of tescalcin is downregulated. The decrease in expression is associated with a rapid drop in tescalcin mRNA level, whereas upregulation occurs via a post-transcriptional mechanism. Tescalcin is necessary for HL-60 differentiation into granulocytes as its knockdown by shRNA impairs the ability of HL-60 cells to acquire the characteristic phenotypes such as phagocytic activity and generation of reactive oxygen species measured by respiratory burst assay. Both up- and downregulation of tescalcin require activation of the MEK/ERK cascade. It appears that commitment of HL-60 cells toward granulocytic versus macrophage-like lineage correlates with expression of tescalcin and kinetics of ERK activation. In retinoic acid-induced granulocytic differentiation, the activation of ERK and upregulation of tescalcin occurs slowly (16-48 h). In contrast, in PMA-induced macrophage-like differentiation the activation of ERK is rapid (15-30 min) and tescalcin is downregulated. These studies indicate that tescalcin is one of the key gene products that is involved in switching differentiation program in some cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Levay
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101-6189, USA.
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Hughes PJ, Marcinkowska E, Gocek E, Studzinski GP, Brown G. Vitamin D3-driven signals for myeloid cell differentiation--implications for differentiation therapy. Leuk Res 2009; 34:553-65. [PMID: 19811822 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Revised: 09/05/2009] [Accepted: 09/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Primitive myeloid leukemic cell lines can be driven to differentiate to monocyte-like cells by 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)), and, therefore, 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) may be useful in differentiation therapy of myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Recent studies have provided important insights into the mechanism of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3)-stimulated differentiation. For myeloid progenitors to complete monocytic differentiation a complex network of intracellular signals has to be activated and/or inactivated in a precise temporal and spatial pattern. 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) achieves this change to the 'signaling landscape' by (i) direct genomic modulation of the level of expression of key regulators of cell signaling and differentiation pathways, and (ii) activation of intracellular signaling pathways. An improved understanding of the mode of action of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) is facilitating the development of new therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Hughes
- School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK
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Abstract
This paper reviews the current understanding of the vitamin D-induced differentiation of neoplastic cells, which results in the generation of cells that acquire near-normal, mature phenotype. Examples of the criteria by which differentiation is recognized in each cell type are provided, and only those effects of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25D) on cell proliferation and survival that are associated with the differentiation process are emphasized. The existing knowledge, often fragmentary, of the signaling pathways that lead to vitamin D-induced differentiation of colon, breast, prostate, squamous cell carcinoma, osteosarcoma, and myeloid leukemia cancer cells is outlined. The important distinctions between the different mechanisms of 1,25D-induced differentiation that are cell-type and cell-context specific are pointed out where known. There is a considerable body of evidence that the principal human cancer cells can be suitable candidates for chemoprevention or differentiation therapy with vitamin D. However, further studies are needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms in order to improve the therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Gocek
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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50
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Inhibition of MEK signaling enhances the ability of cytarabine to induce growth arrest and apoptosis of acute myelogenous leukemia cells. Apoptosis 2009; 14:1108-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-009-0372-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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