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Sun Y, Fu S, Liu B. Asymmetric synthesis of the fully functionalized six-membered A-ring of siphonol A. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2958-2962. [PMID: 38483290 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00104d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
A synthetic study toward the construction of the fully functionalized six-membered A-ring of siphonol A is described. The salient features include the introduction of a six-membered ring system through a HWE reaction, the construction of a stereocenter at C5 via a hetero-Diels-Alder reaction, and the installation of the fully functionalized six-membered A-ring of siphonol A through photolytic decarboxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Shaomin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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2
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Zentar H, Jannus F, Medina-O’Donnell M, El Mansouri AE, Fernández A, Justicia J, Alvarez-Manzaneda E, Reyes-Zurita FJ, Chahboun R. Synthesis of Tricyclic Pterolobirin H Analogue: Evaluation of Anticancer and Anti-Inflammatory Activities and Molecular Docking Investigations. Molecules 2023; 28:6208. [PMID: 37687037 PMCID: PMC10489156 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pterolobirin H (3), a cassane diterpene isolated from the roots of Pterolobium macropterum, exhibits important anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. However, its relatively complex tetracyclic structure makes it difficult to obtain by chemical synthesis, thus limiting the studies of its biological activities. Therefore, we present here a short route to obtain a rational simplification of pterolobirin H (3) and some intermediates. The anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was assayed in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. All compounds showed potent inhibition of NO production, with percentages between 54 to 100% at sub-cytotoxic concentrations. The highest anti-inflammatory effect was shown for compounds 15 and 16. The simplified analog 16 revealed potential NO inhibition properties, being 2.34 higher than that of natural cassane pterolobirin H (3). On the other hand, hydroxyphenol 15 was also demonstrated to be the strongest NO inhibitor in RAW 264.7 macrophages (IC50 NO = 0.62 ± 0.21 μg/mL), with an IC50NO value 28.3 times lower than that of pterolobirin H (3). Moreover, the anticancer potential of these compounds was evaluated in three cancer cell lines: HT29 colon cancer cells, Hep-G2 hepatoma cells, and B16-F10 murine melanoma cells. Intermediate 15 was the most active against all the selected tumor cell lines. Compound 15 revealed the highest cytotoxic effect with the lowest IC50 value (IC50 = 2.45 ± 0.29 μg/mL in HT29 cells) and displayed an important apoptotic effect through an extrinsic pathway, as evidenced in the flow cytometry analysis. Furthermore, the Hoechst staining assay showed that analog 15 triggered morphological changes, including nuclear fragmentation and chromatin condensation, in treated HT29 cells. Finally, the in silico studies demonstrated that cassane analogs exhibit promising binding affinities and docking performance with iNOS and caspase 8, which confirms the obtained experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Zentar
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (H.Z.); (A.F.); (J.J.); (E.A.-M.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.J.); (M.M.-O.)
| | - Fatin Jannus
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.J.); (M.M.-O.)
| | - Marta Medina-O’Donnell
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.J.); (M.M.-O.)
| | - Az-eddine El Mansouri
- Chemistry Department, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa;
| | - Antonio Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (H.Z.); (A.F.); (J.J.); (E.A.-M.)
| | - José Justicia
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (H.Z.); (A.F.); (J.J.); (E.A.-M.)
| | - Enrique Alvarez-Manzaneda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (H.Z.); (A.F.); (J.J.); (E.A.-M.)
| | - Fernando J. Reyes-Zurita
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.J.); (M.M.-O.)
| | - Rachid Chahboun
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (H.Z.); (A.F.); (J.J.); (E.A.-M.)
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3
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Junaid M, Basak B, Akter Y, Afrose SS, Nahrin A, Emran R, Shahinozzaman M, Tawata S. Sakuranetin and its therapeutic potentials - a comprehensive review. Z NATURFORSCH C 2023; 78:27-48. [PMID: 35844107 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2022-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sakuranetin (SKN), a naturally derived 7-O-methylated flavonoid, was first identified in the bark of the cherry tree (Prunus spp.) as an aglycone of sakuranin and then purified from the bark of Prunus puddum. It was later reported in many other plants including Artemisia campestris, Boesenbergia pandurata, Baccharis spp., Betula spp., Juglans spp., and Rhus spp. In plants, it functions as a phytoalexin synthesized from its precursor naringenin and is the only known phenolic phytoalexin in rice, which is released in response to different abiotic and biotic stresses such as UV-irradiation, jasmonic acid, cupric chloride, L-methionine, and the phytotoxin coronatine. Till date, SKN has been widely reported for its diverse pharmacological benefits including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimycobacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antileishmanial, antitrypanosomal, glucose uptake stimulation, neuroprotective, antimelanogenic, and antitumor properties. Its pharmacokinetics and toxicological properties have been poorly understood, thus warranting further evaluation together with exploring other pharmacological properties such as antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and antinociceptive effects. Besides, in vivo studies or clinical investigations can be done for proving its effects as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, antimelanogenic, and antitumor agent. This review summarizes all the reported investigations with SKN for its health-beneficial roles and can be used as a guideline for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Junaid
- Natural Products Research Division, Advanced Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Data Science Laboratory, Bangladesh, Chattogram, 4226, Bangladesh
| | - Bristy Basak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Yeasmin Akter
- Natural Products Research Division, Advanced Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Data Science Laboratory, Bangladesh, Chattogram, 4226, Bangladesh.,Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science & Technology University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Syeda Samira Afrose
- Natural Products Research Division, Advanced Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Data Science Laboratory, Bangladesh, Chattogram, 4226, Bangladesh
| | - Afsana Nahrin
- Natural Products Research Division, Advanced Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Data Science Laboratory, Bangladesh, Chattogram, 4226, Bangladesh.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rashiduzzaman Emran
- Bioscience and Bioinformatics Research Center (BBRC), 5/2, Shehora, Dhaka Road, Mymensingh, 2200, Bangladesh.,Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), Khamarbari, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahinozzaman
- The Red-Green Research Centre, Tejgaon, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh.,PAK Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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Valletta A, Iozia LM, Fattorini L, Leonelli F. Rice Phytoalexins: Half a Century of Amazing Discoveries; Part I: Distribution, Biosynthesis, Chemical Synthesis, and Biological Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:260. [PMID: 36678973 PMCID: PMC9862927 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cultivated rice is a staple food for more than half of the world's population, providing approximately 20% of the world's food energy needs. A broad spectrum of pathogenic microorganisms causes rice diseases leading to huge yield losses worldwide. Wild and cultivated rice species are known to possess a wide variety of antimicrobial secondary metabolites, known as phytoalexins, which are part of their active defense mechanisms. These compounds are biosynthesized transiently by rice in response to pathogens and certain abiotic stresses. Rice phytoalexins have been intensively studied for over half a century, both for their biological role and their potential application in agronomic and pharmaceutical fields. In recent decades, the growing interest of the research community, combined with advances in chemical, biological, and biomolecular investigation methods, has led to a notable acceleration in the growth of knowledge on rice phytoalexins. This review provides an overview of the knowledge gained in recent decades on the diversity, distribution, biosynthesis, chemical synthesis, and bioactivity of rice phytoalexins, with particular attention to the most recent advances in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Valletta
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maria Iozia
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Fattorini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Leonelli
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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5
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Evolution of Labdane-Related Diterpene Synthases in Cereals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 61:1850-1859. [DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Gibberellins (GAs) are labdane-related diterpenoid phytohormones that regulate various aspects of higher plant growth. A biosynthetic intermediate of GAs is ent-kaurene, a tetra-cyclic diterpene that is produced through successive cyclization of geranylgeranyl diphosphate catalyzed by the two distinct monofunctional diterpene synthases—ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase (ent-CPS) and ent-kaurene synthase (KS). Various homologous genes of the two diterpene synthases have been identified in cereals, including rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays), and are believed to have been derived from GA biosynthetic ent-CPS and KS genes through duplication and neofunctionalization. They play roles in specialized metabolism, giving rise to diverse labdane-related diterpenoids for defense because a variety of diterpene synthases generate diverse carbon-skeleton structures. This review mainly describes the diterpene synthase homologs that have been identified and characterized in rice, wheat and maize and shows the evolutionary history of various homologs in rice inferred by comparative genomics studies using wild rice species, such as Oryza rufipogon and Oryza brachyantha. In addition, we introduce labdane-related diterpene synthases in bryophytes and gymnosperms to illuminate the macroscopic evolutionary history of diterpene synthases in the plant kingdom—bifunctional enzymes possessing both CPS and KS activities are present in bryophytes; gymnosperms possess monofunctional CPS and KS responsible for GA biosynthesis and also possess bifunctional diterpene synthases facilitating specialized metabolism for defense.
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Azizi P, Osman M, Hanafi MM, Sahebi M, Yusop MR, Taheri S. Adaptation of the metabolomics profile of rice after Pyricularia oryzae infection. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 144:466-479. [PMID: 31655345 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Pyricularia oryzae (P. oryzae), one of the most devastating fungal pathogens, is the cause of blast disease in rice. Infection with a blast fungus induces biological responses in the host plant that lead to its survival through the termination or suppression of pathogen growth, and metabolite compounds play vital roles in plant interactions with a wide variety of other organisms. Numerous studies have indicated that rice has a multi-layered plant immune system that includes pre-developed (e.g., cell wall and phytoanticipins), constitutive and inducible (phytoalexins) defence barriers against stresses. Significant progress towards understanding the basis of the molecular mechanisms underlying the defence responses of rice to P. oryzae has been achieved. Nonetheless, even though the important metabolites in the responses of rice to pathogens have been identified, their exact mechanisms and their contributions to plant immunity against blast fungi have not been elucidated. The purpose of this review is to summarize and discuss recent advances towards the understanding of the integrated metabolite variations in rice after P. oryzae invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Azizi
- Laboratory of Plantation Science and Technology, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamad Osman
- Malaysian Industry-Government Group for High Technology (MIGHT), Prime Minister's Department, MIGHT Partnership Hub, Jalan Impact, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Musa Hanafi
- Laboratory of Plantation Science and Technology, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mahbod Sahebi
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rafii Yusop
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sima Taheri
- Centre of Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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7
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Gu CZ, Xia XM, Lv J, Tan JW, Baerson SR, Pan ZQ, Song YY, Zeng RS. Diterpenoids with herbicidal and antifungal activities from hulls of rice (Oryza sativa). Fitoterapia 2019; 136:104183. [PMID: 31150767 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Diterpenoids are the main secondary metabolites of plants and with a range of biological activities. In the present study, 7 compounds were isolated from the hulls of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Among them, 3 diterpenoids are new namely, 3,20-epoxy-3α-hydroxy- 8,11,13-abietatrie-7-one (1), 4,6-epoxy-3β-hydroxy-9β-pimara-7,15-diene (2) and 2-((E)-3- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) allylidene) momilactone A (3). While, 4 terpenoids are known, namely momilactone A (4), momilactone B (5), ent-7-oxo-kaur-15-en-18-oic acid (6) and orizaterpenoid (7). The structures of these diterpenoids were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR in combination with ESI-MS and HR-EI-MS. Furthermore, all isolated compounds displayed antifungal activities against four crop pathogenic fungi Magnaporthe grisea, Rhizoctonia solani, Blumeria graminearum and Fusarium oxysporum, and phytotoxicity against paddy weed Echinochloa crusgalli. The results suggested that rice could produce plenty of secondary metabolites to defense against weeds and pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Zhen Gu
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Mei Xia
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lv
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Wen Tan
- South China Botanic Garden, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Scott R Baerson
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Zhi-Qiang Pan
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Yuan-Yuan Song
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ren-Sen Zeng
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Leonelli F, Valletta A, Migneco LM, Marini Bettolo R. Stemarane Diterpenes and Diterpenoids. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112627. [PMID: 31142039 PMCID: PMC6600444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
: In this article the scientific activity carried out on stemarane diterpenes and diterpenoids, isolated over the world from various natural sources, was reviewed. The structure elucidation of stemarane diterpenes and diterpenoids was reported, in addition to their biogenesis and biosynthesis. Stemarane diterpenes and diterpenoids biotransformations and biological activity was also taken into account. Finally the work leading to the synthesis and enantiosynthesis of stemarane diterpenes and diterpenoids was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Leonelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università degli Studi La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Alessio Valletta
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università degli Studi La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Luisa Maria Migneco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Rinaldo Marini Bettolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
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9
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Park S, Cho J, Jeon H, Sung SH, Lee S, Kim S. Expedient Synthesis of Alphitolic Acid and Its Naturally Occurring 2- O-Ester Derivatives. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:895-902. [PMID: 30768265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The expedient synthesis of alphitolic acid (1) as well as its natural C-3-epimer and 2- O-ester derivatives was accomplished in a few steps from the readily commercially available betulin (9). A Rubottom oxidation delivered an α-hydroxy group in a stereo- and chemoselective manner. The diastereoselective reduction of the α-hydroxy ketone was key to accessing the 1,2-diol moiety of this class of natural products. Our concise and stereoselective synthetic protocol allowed the gram-scale synthesis of these natural products, which will facilitate future biological evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somin Park
- College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jihee Cho
- College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hongjun Jeon
- College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Sung
- College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghee Lee
- College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Kim
- College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
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10
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Zentar H, Arias F, Haidour A, Alvarez-Manzaneda R, Chahboun R, Alvarez-Manzaneda E. Protecting-Group-Free Synthesis of Cassane-Type Furan Diterpenes via a Decarboxylative Dienone–Phenol Rearrangement. Org Lett 2018; 20:7007-7010. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Houda Zentar
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Fabio Arias
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ali Haidour
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ramón Alvarez-Manzaneda
- Àrea de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química y Física, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Rachid Chahboun
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Enrique Alvarez-Manzaneda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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11
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Wu X, Li L, Jiang W, Zhou L, Zeng Q. Copper-catalyzed C-N coupling reaction of tosylhydrazones. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Wu
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology; 1#, Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao Chengdu 610059 Sichuan China
| | - Lingyu Li
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology; 1#, Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao Chengdu 610059 Sichuan China
| | - Wenlong Jiang
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology; 1#, Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao Chengdu 610059 Sichuan China
| | - Lihong Zhou
- College of Environment and Ecology; Chengdu University of Technology; 1#, Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao Chengdu 610059 Sichuan China
| | - Qingle Zeng
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology; 1#, Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao Chengdu 610059 Sichuan China
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12
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Anada M, Hanari T, Kakita K, Kurosaki Y, Katsuse K, Sunadoi Y, Jinushi Y, Takeda K, Matsunaga S, Hashimoto S. Total Synthesis of Brasilicardins A and C. Org Lett 2017; 19:5581-5584. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Anada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Taiki Hanari
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kakita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Kurosaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kazuki Katsuse
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuta Sunadoi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yu Jinushi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Koji Takeda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Shigeki Matsunaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Shunichi Hashimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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13
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14
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Tezuka D, Ito A, Mitsuhashi W, Toyomasu T, Imai R. The rice ent-KAURENE SYNTHASE LIKE 2 encodes a functional ent-beyerene synthase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 460:766-71. [PMID: 25824047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The rice genome contains a family of kaurene synthase-like (OsKSL) genes that are responsible for the biosynthesis of various diterpenoids, including gibberellins and phytoalexins. While many OsKSL genes have been functionally characterized, the functionality of OsKSL2 is still unclear and it has been proposed to be a pseudogene. Here, we found that OsKSL2 is drastically induced in roots by methyl jasmonate treatment and we successfully isolated a full-length cDNA for OsKSL2. Sequence analysis of the OsKSL2 cDNA revealed that the open reading frame of OsKSL2 is mispredicted in the two major rice genome databases, IRGSP-RAP and MSU-RGAP. In vitro conversion assay indicated that recombinant OsKSL2 catalyzes the cyclization of ent-CDP into ent-beyerene as a major and ent-kaurene as a minor product. ent-Beyerene is an antimicrobial compound and OsKSL2 is induced by methyl jasmonate; these data suggest that OsKSL2 is a functional ent-beyerene synthase that is involved in defense mechanisms in rice roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tezuka
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-8555, Japan; Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Akira Ito
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
| | - Wataru Mitsuhashi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Toyomasu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
| | - Ryozo Imai
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-8555, Japan; Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.
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15
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Toyomasu T, Usui M, Sugawara C, Kanno Y, Sakai A, Takahashi H, Nakazono M, Kuroda M, Miyamoto K, Morimoto Y, Mitsuhashi W, Okada K, Yamaguchi S, Yamane H. Transcripts of two ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase genes differentially localize in rice plants according to their distinct biological roles. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:369-76. [PMID: 25336684 PMCID: PMC4265168 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Gibberellins (GAs) are diterpenoid phytohormones that regulate various aspects of plant growth. Tetracyclic hydrocarbon ent-kaurene is a biosynthetic intermediate of GAs, and is converted from geranylgeranyl diphosphate, a common precursor of diterpenoids, via ent-copalyl diphosphate (ent-CDP) through successive cyclization reactions catalysed by two distinct diterpene synthases, ent-CDP synthase and ent-kaurene synthase. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) has two ent-CDP synthase genes, OsCPS1 and OsCPS2. It has been thought that OsCPS1 participates in GA biosynthesis, while OsCPS2 participates in the biosynthesis of phytoalexins, phytocassanes A-E, and oryzalexins A-F. It has been shown previously that loss-of-function OsCPS1 mutants display a severe dwarf phenotype caused by GA deficiency despite possessing another ent-CDP synthase gene, OsCPS2. Here, experiments were performed to account for the non-redundant biological function of OsCPS1 and OsCPS2. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that OsCPS2 transcript levels were drastically lower than those of OsCPS1 in the basal parts, including the meristem of the second-leaf sheaths of rice seedlings. qRT-PCR results using tissue samples prepared by laser microdissection suggested that OsCPS1 transcripts mainly localized in vascular bundle tissues, similar to Arabidopsis CPS, which is responsible for GA biosynthesis, whereas OsCPS2 transcripts mainly localized in epidermal cells that address environmental stressors such as pathogen attack. Furthermore, the OsCPS2 transgene under regulation of the OsCPS1 promoter complemented the dwarf phenotype of an OsCPS1 mutant, oscps1-1. The results indicate that transcripts of the two ent-CDP synthase genes differentially localize in rice plants according to their distinct biological roles, OsCPS1 for growth and OsCPS2 for defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonobu Toyomasu
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
| | - Masami Usui
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
| | - Chizu Sugawara
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
| | - Yuri Kanno
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
| | - Arisa Sakai
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Takahashi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Mikio Nakazono
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kuroda
- Rice Physiological Research Team, NARO Agricultural Research Center, Niigata 943-0193, Japan
| | - Koji Miyamoto
- Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yu Morimoto
- Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Wataru Mitsuhashi
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
| | - Kazunori Okada
- Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Yamane
- Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Chatzopoulou M, Antoniou A, Pitsinos EN, Bantzi M, Koulocheri SD, Haroutounian SA, Giannis A. A fast entry to furanoditerpenoid-based Hedgehog signaling inhibitors: identifying essential structural features. Org Lett 2014; 16:3344-7. [PMID: 24895068 DOI: 10.1021/ol501370j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
New, small molecule Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitors, such as the furanoditerpenoid taepeenin D, are of high medicinal importance. To establish key structure-activity relationships (SARs) for this lead, a synthetic sequence has been developed for the expedient preparation of several derivatives and their evaluation as Hh inhibitors exploiting its structural similarity to abietic acid. While C(14) substitution is not essential for biological activity, the presence of a hydrogen bond acceptor at C(6) and an intact benzofuran moiety are.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chatzopoulou
- NCSR "Demokritos", P.O. Box 60228, GR-153 10 Ag. Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
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Gómez-Hurtado MA, Álvarez-Esquivel FE, Rodríguez-García G, Martínez-Pacheco MM, Espinoza-Madrigal RM, Pamatz-Bolaños T, Salvador-Hernández JL, García-Gutiérrez HA, Cerda-García-Rojas CM, Joseph-Nathan P, del Río RE. Cassane diterpenes from Caesalpinia platyloba. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2013; 96:397-403. [PMID: 24176528 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The dichloromethane extract from the leaves of Caesalpinia platyloba provided cassane diterpenes whose structures were determined as (-)-(5S,6R,8S,9S,10R,14R)-6-acetoxyvouacapane (1), (-)-(5S,6R,8S,9S,10R,12Z,14R)-6-acetoxycassa-12,15-diene (3), and (-)-(5S,6R,8S,9S,10R,13E)-6-acetoxycassa-13,15-diene (4). Compound 1 was chemically correlated with (-)-(5S,6R,8S,9S,10R,14R)-6-hydroxyvouacapane (2), (+)-(5S,8S,9S,10R,14R)-6-oxovouacapane (5), and (+)-(5S,6S,8S,9S,10R,14R)-6-acetoxyvouacapane (6), the last one previously isolated from Dipteryx lacunifera. The absolute configurations of all six diterpenes 1-6 were established by comparison of DFT calculated vibrational circular dicroism spectra of 1, 2 and 5 with those obtained experimentally. In addition, several reported chemical shifts for 2 and 5 were reassigned based on two-dimensional NMR measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Gómez-Hurtado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B-1, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia, Michoacán 58030, Mexico
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Shimizu T, Lin F, Hasegawa M, Nojiri H, Yamane H, Okada K. The potential bioproduction of the pharmaceutical agent sakuranetin, a flavonoid phytoalexin in rice. Bioengineered 2012; 3:352-7. [PMID: 22895058 DOI: 10.4161/bioe.21546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sakuranetin, the major flavonoid phytoalexin in rice, can be induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, treatment with CuCl 2 or jasmonic acid (JA), or phytopathogenic infection. In addition to sakuranetin's biological significance on disease resistance in rice, its broad bioactivities have recently been described. Results from these studies have shown that sakuranetin is a useful compound as a plant antibiotic and a potential pharmaceutical agent. Sakuranetin is biosynthesized from naringenin, a precursor of sakuranetin, by naringenin 7-O-methyltransferase (NOMT), but the relevant gene has not yet been identified in rice. Recently, we identified the OsNOMT gene, which is involved in the final step of sakuranetin biosynthesis in rice. In previous studies, OsNOMT was purified to apparent homogeneity from UV-treated wild-type rice leaves; however, the purified protein, termed OsCOMT1, exhibited caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase (COMT) activity, but not NOMT activity. Based on the analysis of an oscomt1 T-DNA tagged mutant, we determined that OsCOMT1 did not contribute to sakuranetin production in rice in vivo. Therefore, we took advantage of the oscomt1 mutant to purify OsNOMT. A crude protein preparation from UV-treated oscomt1 leaves was subjected to three sequential purification steps resulting in a 400-fold purification from the crude enzyme preparation with a minor band at an apparent molecular mass of 40 kDa in the purest enzyme preparation. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight/time of flight analysis showed that the 40 kDa protein band included two O-methyltransferase-like proteins, but one of the proteins encoded by Os12g0240900 exhibited clear NOMT activity; thus, this gene was designated OsNOMT. Gene expression was induced by treatment with jasmonic acid in rice leaves prior to sakuranetin accumulation, and the recombinant protein showed reasonable kinetic properties to NOMT. Identification of the OsNOMT gene enables the production of large amounts of sakuranetin through transgenic rice and microorganisms. This finding also allows for the generation of disease-resistant and sakuranetin biofortified rice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Shimizu
- Biotechnology Research Center; The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Shimizu T, Lin F, Hasegawa M, Okada K, Nojiri H, Yamane H. Purification and identification of naringenin 7-O-methyltransferase, a key enzyme in biosynthesis of flavonoid phytoalexin sakuranetin in rice. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:19315-25. [PMID: 22493492 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.351270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sakuranetin, the major flavonoid phytoalexin in rice, is induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, CuCl(2) treatment, jasmonic acid treatment, and infection by phytopathogens. It was recently demonstrated that sakuranetin has anti-inflammatory activity, anti-mutagenic activity, anti-pathogenic activities against Helicobacter pylori, Leishmania, and Trypanosoma and contributes to the maintenance of glucose homeostasis in animals. Thus, sakuranetin is a useful compound as a plant antibiotic and a potential pharmaceutical agent. Sakuranetin is biosynthesized from naringenin by naringenin 7-O-methyltransferase (NOMT). In previous research, rice NOMT (OsNOMT) was purified to apparent homogeneity from UV-treated wild-type rice leaves, but the purified protein, named OsCOMT1, exhibited caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) activity and not NOMT activity. In this study, we found that OsCOMT1 does not contribute to sakuranetin production in rice in vivo, and we purified OsNOMT using the oscomt1 mutant. A crude protein preparation from UV-treated oscomt1 leaves was subjected to three sequential purification steps, resulting in a 400-fold purification from the crude enzyme preparation. Using SDS-PAGE, the purest enzyme preparation showed a minor band at an apparent molecular mass of 40 kDa. Two O-methyltransferase-like proteins, encoded by Os04g0175900 and Os12g0240900, were identified from the 40-kDa band by MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis. Recombinant Os12g0240900 protein showed NOMT activity, but the recombinant Os04g0175900 protein did not. Os12g0240900 expression was induced by jasmonic acid treatment in rice leaves prior to sakuranetin accumulation, and the Os12g0240900 protein showed reasonable kinetic properties to OsNOMT. On the basis of these results, we conclude that Os12g0240900 encodes an OsNOMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Shimizu
- Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Deschamp J, Hermant T, Riant O. An easy route toward enantio-enriched polycyclic derivatives via an asymmetric domino conjugate reduction–aldol cyclization catalyzed by a chiral Cu(I) complex. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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21
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Leonelli F, Garofalo B, Migneco LM, Marini Bettolo R, Colais F, Sinibaldi M. Chiral HPLC Resolution of the Wieland–Miescher Ketone and Derivatives. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120017179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Leonelli
- a Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Roma “La Sapienza” , Rome , Italy
- b Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR, Sezione di Roma , Università di Roma “La Sapienza” , Rome , Italy
| | - Barbara Garofalo
- a Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Roma “La Sapienza” , Rome , Italy
- c Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali , Università de L'Aquila , L'Aquila , Italy
| | - Luisa M. Migneco
- a Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Roma “La Sapienza” , Rome , Italy
- b Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR, Sezione di Roma , Università di Roma “La Sapienza” , Rome , Italy
| | - Rinaldo Marini Bettolo
- a Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Roma “La Sapienza” , Rome , Italy
- b Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR, Sezione di Roma , Università di Roma “La Sapienza” , Rome , Italy
| | - Francesca Colais
- d CNR‐Area della Ricerca di Roma , Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche , P. O. Box 10, I‐00016, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome , Italy
| | - Massimo Sinibaldi
- d CNR‐Area della Ricerca di Roma , Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche , P. O. Box 10, I‐00016, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome , Italy
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Hao J, Zhang X, Zhang P, Liu J, Zhang L, Sun H. Efficient access to isomeric 2,3-dihydroxy lupanes: first synthesis of alphitolic acid. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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23
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Okada A, Okada K, Miyamoto K, Koga J, Shibuya N, Nojiri H, Yamane H. OsTGAP1, a bZIP transcription factor, coordinately regulates the inductive production of diterpenoid phytoalexins in rice. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:26510-8. [PMID: 19635799 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.036871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of major diterpenoid phytoalexins, momilactones and phytocassanes, is induced in rice upon recognition of pathogenic invasion as plant defense-related compounds. We recently showed that biosynthetic genes for momilactones are clustered on rice chromosome 4 and co-expressed after elicitation, mimicking pathogen attack. Because genes for most metabolic pathways in plants are not organized in gene clusters, examination of the mechanism(s) regulating the expression of such clustered genes is needed. Here, we report a chitin oligosaccharide elicitor-inducible basic leucine zipper transcription factor, OsTGAP1, which is essential for momilactone biosynthesis and regulates the expression of the five genes in the cluster. The knock-out mutant for OsTGAP1 had almost no expression of the five clustered genes (OsCPS4, OsKSL4, CYP99A2, CYP99A3, and OsMAS) or production of momilactones upon elicitor treatment. Inductive expression of OsKSL7 for phytocassane biosynthesis was also largely affected in the ostgap1 mutant, although phytocassane accumulation still occurred. Conversely, OsTGAP1-overexpressing lines exhibited enhanced expression of the clustered genes and hyperaccumulation of momilactones in response to the elicitor. Furthermore, enhanced expression of OsKSL7 and hyperaccumulation of phytocassanes was also observed. We also found that OsTGAP1 overexpression can influence transcriptional up-regulation of OsDXS3 in the methylerythritol phosphate pathway, eventually leading to inductive production of diterpenoid phytoalexins. These results indicate that OsTGAP1 functions as a key regulator of the coordinated transcription of genes involved in inductive diterpenoid phytoalexin production in rice and mainly exerts an essential role on expression of the clustered genes for momilactone biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Okada
- Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Deschamp J, Riant O. Efficient Construction of Polycyclic Derivatives via a Highly Selective CuI-Catalyzed Domino Reductive-Aldol Cyclization. Org Lett 2009; 11:1217-20. [DOI: 10.1021/ol802879f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Deschamp
- Unité de Chimie Organique et Médicinale, Université Catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur, 1 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Olivier Riant
- Unité de Chimie Organique et Médicinale, Université Catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur, 1 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Nemoto T, Okada A, Okada K, Shibuya N, Toyomasu T, Nojiri H, Yamane H. Promoter analysis of the rice stemar-13-ene synthase gene OsDTC2, which is involved in the biosynthesis of the phytoalexin oryzalexin S. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 1769:678-83. [PMID: 17961759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbaexp.2007.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2007] [Revised: 08/31/2007] [Accepted: 08/31/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A rice diterpene cyclase, OsDTC2, functions as a stemar-13-ene synthase that converts syn-copalyl diphosphate into stemar-13-ene, a putative diterpene hydrocarbon precursor of the phytoalexin oryzalexin S. The transcriptional expression of OsDTC2 is induced by treatment of suspension-cultured rice cells with a chitin oligosaccharide elicitor. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of the elicitor signaling pathway that leads to OsDTC2 expression, we carried out deletion and mutation analysis of the region -1939 bp upstream of the transcription start site of OsDTC2 in rice cells using dual luciferase assays. The region between -1709 and -1450 bp was found to contain six W-box motifs, which are putative recognition sites for WRKY transcription factors, as cis elements involved in elicitor-responsiveness and/or basic promoter activity of OsDTC2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Nemoto
- Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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26
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Guillena G, Nájera C, Ramón DJ. Enantioselective direct aldol reaction: the blossoming of modern organocatalysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Okada A, Shimizu T, Okada K, Kuzuyama T, Koga J, Shibuya N, Nojiri H, Yamane H. Elicitor induced activation of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway toward phytoalexins biosynthesis in rice. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2007; 65:177-87. [PMID: 17634747 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-007-9207-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2007] [Accepted: 06/30/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Diterpenoid phytoalexins such as momilactones and phytocassanes are produced via geranylgeranyl diphosphate in suspension-cultured rice cells after treatment with a chitin elicitor. We have previously shown that the production of diterpene hydrocarbons leading to phytoalexins and the expression of related biosynthetic genes are activated in suspension-cultured rice cells upon elicitor treatment. To better understand the elicitor-induced activation of phytoalexin biosynthesis, we conducted microarray analysis using suspension-cultured rice cells collected at various times after treatment with chitin elicitor. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two types of early-induced expression (EIE-1, EIE-2) nodes and a late-induced expression (LIE) node that includes genes involved in phytoalexins biosynthesis. The LIE node contains genes that may be responsible for the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway, a plastidic biosynthetic pathway for isopentenyl diphosphate, an early precursor of phytoalexins. The elicitor-induced expression of these putative MEP pathway genes was confirmed by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. 1-Deoxy-D: -xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS), 1-deoxy-D: -xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR), and 4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D: -erythritol synthase (CMS), which catalyze the first three committed steps in the MEP pathway, were further shown to have enzymatic activities that complement the growth of E. coli mutants disrupted in the corresponding genes. Application of ketoclomazone and fosmidomycin, inhibitors of DXS and DXR, respectively, repressed the accumulation of diterpene-type phytoalexins in suspension cells treated with chitin elicitor. These results suggest that activation of the MEP pathway is required to supply sufficient terpenoid precursors for the production of phytoalexins in infected rice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Okada
- Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Abad A, Agulló C, Cuñat AC, de Alfonso Marzal I, Gris A, Navarro I, Ramírez de Arellano C. Diastereoselective synthesis of antiquorin and related polyoxygenated atisene-type diterpenes. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.11.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Kasai Y, Shimanuki K, Kuwahara S, Watanabe M, Harada N. Preparation of enantiopure Wieland–Miescher ketone and derivatives by the MαNP acid method. Substituent effect on the HPLC separation. Chirality 2006; 18:177-87. [PMID: 16432916 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Enantiopure Wieland-Miescher ketone (4, W-M ketone) and derivatives were prepared by the enantioresolution with 2-methoxy-2-(1-naphthyl)propionic acid (MalphaNP acid 1). Various racemic derivatives of 4 were esterified with acid (S)-(+)-1 yielding diastereomeric MalphaNP esters, which were separated by HPLC on silica gel. It was clarified that the HPLC separation of diastereomers depended on the substituent of the derivatives, leading to the working hypothesis that MalphaNP acid esters of alcohols with less polar and more bulky aliphatic substituents are more effectively separated. The best separation was obtained in the case of tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) ether derivative (12a/12b): separation factor alpha=1.80, and resolution factor, Rs=1.30. The (1)H NMR spectra of separated MalphaNP esters showed anomalously large magnetic anisotropy effects, from which their absolute configurations were determined. Solvolysis or reduction of the separated MalphaNP esters yielded alcohols, which were converted to enantiopure W-M ketones 4. The results thus provided another route for preparation of enantiopure ketones (8aR)-(-)-4 and (8aS)-(+)-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kasai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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31
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Yajima A, Saitou F, Sekimoto M, Maetoko S, Nukada T, Yabuta G. Synthesis of cordiaquinone J and K via B-alkyl Suzuki–Miyaura coupling as a key step and determination of the absolute configuration of natural products. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.06.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Inomata K, Barragué M, Paquette LA. Diastereoselectivities Realized in the Amino Acid Catalyzed Aldol Cyclizations of Triketo Acetonides of Differing Ring Size. J Org Chem 2004; 70:533-9. [PMID: 15651798 DOI: 10.1021/jo0486084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A study designed to assess the diastereoselectivity of the intramolecular aldol reaction of two differently sized monocyclic 1,3-diketones bearing a chiral, oxygenated side chain has been undertaken. The cyclizations were brought about under catalysis by pyrrolidine, a series of D- and L-amino acids including proline, and several proline derivatives. The levels of selectivity were found to be consistently higher with the six-membered ring system than its cycloheptane counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Inomata
- Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Otomo K, Kenmoku H, Oikawa H, König WA, Toshima H, Mitsuhashi W, Yamane H, Sassa T, Toyomasu T. Biological functions of ent- and syn-copalyl diphosphate synthases in rice: key enzymes for the branch point of gibberellin and phytoalexin biosynthesis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2004; 39:886-93. [PMID: 15341631 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2004.02175.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) produces ent-copalyl diphosphate (ent-CDP) and syn-CDP as precursors for several classes of phytoalexins and the phytohormones, gibberellins (GAs). It has recently been shown that a loss-of-function mutation of OsCPS1, a gene encoding a putative ent-CDP synthase, results in a severely GA-deficient dwarf phenotype in rice. To clarify the biological functions of the ent- and syn-CDP synthases involved in the biosynthesis of phytoalexins and/or GAs, we isolated two cDNAs, OsCyc1 and OsCyc2, encoding putative diterpene cyclases from ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated rice leaves (cv. Nipponbare). The production of phytoalexins in rice leaves is known to be highly induced by UV treatment. Using a bacterial expression system, we demonstrated that OsCyc1 encodes syn-CDP synthase and that OsCyc2 and OsCPS1 encode ent-CDP synthase. The level of expression of the OsCyc1 and OsCyc2 transcripts in rice leaves increased drastically in response to UV treatment, whereas expression of the OsCPS1 transcript was not induced by UV light. These results suggest that OsCyc1, OsCyc2 and OsCPS1 are responsible for the biosynthesis of momilactones A and B and oryzalexin S, oryzalexins A-F and phytocassanes A-E, and GAs, respectively. Our results strongly suggest the presence of two ent-CDP synthase isoforms in rice, one that participates in the biosynthesis of GAs and a second that is involved in the biosynthesis of phytoalexins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Otomo
- Course of the Science of Bioresources, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University (Yamagata University), Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
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Lo LC, Chou TC, Shie JJ. Utilizing hydrolases of opposite enantiopreference for the preparation of both enantiomers of (1R,7aR)-(-)- and (1S,7aS)-(+)-3,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-1-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1H-inden-5(2H)-one. Chirality 2004; 16:267-71. [PMID: 15034910 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Four racemic esters of (1R*,7aR*)-3,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-1-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1H-inden-5(2H)-one were prepared and subjected to hydrolysis with two types of hydrolases, including alcalase and three lipases. Alcalase and lipase showed opposite enantiopreference on these esters. Based on this result, we developed a gram-scale procedure using butanoate as the substrate, which was treated consecutively with alcalase and lipase from Candida rugosa (CRL), to give both enantiomers of the title compound in high yields and high enantiomeric excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Chiang Lo
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Yajima A, Mori K, Yabuta G. Total synthesis of ent-cassa-12,15-diene, a putative precursor of rice phytoalexins, phytocassanes A–E. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.10.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yajima A, Saitou F, Sekimoto M, Maetoko S, Yabuta G. Synthesis and absolute configuration of cordiaquinone K, antifungal and larvicidal meroterpenoid isolated from the Panamanian plant, Cordia curassavica. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(03)01669-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abad A, Agulló C, Cuñat AC, Navarro I. Stereoselective synthesis of polyoxygenated atisane-type diterpenoids. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01953-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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