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Rosser BS, Weideman BC, Rider GN, Jatoi A, Ecklund AM, Wheldon CW, Talley KM, Kulasingam S, Smith MK, Jacobs DR, Mitteldorf D, West W, Alley R, Ross MW. Sexual and Gender Minority Invisibility in Cancer Studies: A Call for Effective Recruitment Methods to Address Cancer Disparities. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:5093-5098. [PMID: 37725780 PMCID: PMC10666979 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
#LGBTQ+ people with cancer are invisibilized: A call for #intersectional cancer research (link here) #healthequity
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Affiliation(s)
- B.R. Simon Rosser
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Ben C.D. Weideman
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - G. Nic Rider
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Aminah Jatoi
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Alexandra M. Ecklund
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Christopher W. Wheldon
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kristine M.C. Talley
- Adult and Geriatric Health, University of Minnesota School of Nursing, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Shalini Kulasingam
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - M. Kumi Smith
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - David R. Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - William West
- Department of Writing Studies, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Rhea Alley
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Michael W. Ross
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
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Franco-Rocha OY, Wheldon CW, Trainum K, Kesler SR, Henneghan AM. Clinical, psychosocial, and sociodemographic factors of sexual and gender minority groups with cancer: A systematic review. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2023; 64:102343. [PMID: 37290162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2023.102343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Psychosocial health varies depending on demographic and clinical factors and the social context in which individuals grow and live. Sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations experience health disparities due to systemic factors that privilege cisgender and heterosexual identities. We reviewed the literature on the psychosocial, sociodemographic, and clinical factors in SGM groups with cancer and described the associations among these factors. METHODS We conducted a systematic review according to Fink's methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines in the PubMed, PsycInfo, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and LGBTQ+ Life databases. Quantitative articles published in English or Spanish were included. Grey literature and studies with participants in hospice care were excluded. The quality of the publications was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute criticalappraisal tools. RESULTS The review included 25 publications. In SGM groups, systemic cancer treatment was associated with worse psychosocial outcomes; and older age, employment, and higher income were associated with better psychosocial outcomes. CONCLUSIONS SGM groups with cancer are different from their heterosexual cisgender peers in sociodemographic, psychosocial, and clinical factors. Clinical and sociodemographic factors are associated with psychosocial outcomes among SGM individuals with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Y Franco-Rocha
- School of Nursing, University of Texas at Austin, 1710 Red River St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Christopher W Wheldon
- Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, 1301 Cecil B, Moore Ave., Ritter Hall Annex 9th Floor, Room 955, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
| | - Katie Trainum
- School of Nursing, University of Texas at Austin, 1710 Red River St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Shelli R Kesler
- School of Nursing, Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1710 Red River St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Ashley M Henneghan
- School of Nursing, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1710 Red River St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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Simon Rosser BR, Wright M, Hoefer CJ, Polter EJ, Kohli N, Wheldon CW, Haggart R, Talley KM, Mitteldorf D, Kilian G, Konety BR, Ross MW, West W. Recruiting an underserved, difficult to reach population into a cancer trial: Strategies from the Restore-2 Rehabilitation Trial for gay and bisexual prostate cancer patients. Clin Trials 2022; 19:239-250. [PMID: 35232299 DOI: 10.1177/17407745221077678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Sexual minorities are small and under-researched populations that are at disproportionate risk for cancer and poor cancer outcomes. Described as a "hidden population," the principal research challenge has been to develop effective methods to identify and recruit such cancer patients into cancer studies. Online recruitment strategies, as well as targeted clinic recruitment using patient-entered sexual orientation and gender identity data from electronic medical records have potential to transform recruitment, but studies testing the effects of how to recruit using these have not been published. METHODS In 2019, we conducted a naturalistic, three-arm, stratified prospective study to compare three recruitment strategies: (a) clinic based recruitment of prostate cancer patients from gay health and urology clinics; (b) directly from the gay community; and (c) online recruitment (through cancer support, sex/dating, and social sites). For each strategy, we estimated time, workload, and direct costs involved. To study how recruitment strategy may affect sampling, we tested for retention rates, demographic and outcome differences across sites. Using these methods, we successfully recruited 401 gay and bisexual prostate cancer patients into a randomized, controlled, 24-month trial testing an online sexual and urinary rehabilitation curriculum tailored for this population. RESULTS There were seven key results. First, it is possible to recruit substantial numbers of sexual minority men into prostate cancer studies provided online recruitment methods are used. Second, we observed big differences in dropout during study onboarding by recruitment source. Third, within online recruitment, the online sex/dating application (app) was the most successful and efficient, followed by the cancer support site, and then the social networking site. Fourth, while clinics were the cheapest source of recruitment, they were time intensive and low in yield. Fifth, the cancer support site and sex/dating app recruits differed by several characteristics, with the former being more rehabilitation-focused while the latter were younger and more sexually active. Sixth, we found almost no differences in outcomes across the three online recruitment sites. Seventh, because retention in online studies has been a concern, we confirm very low attrition at 3- and 6 months into the trial. CONCLUSION For sexual minority cancer research, more research on how to use sexual orientation and gender identity electronic medical record data for clinic-based recruitment is needed. For other small or hard-to-reach populations, researchers should compare and publish online versus offline recruitment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Simon Rosser
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Morgan Wright
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chris J Hoefer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Polter
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nidhi Kohli
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christopher W Wheldon
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ryan Haggart
- Department of Urology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kristine Mc Talley
- Adult and Gerontological Health Cooperative, School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Gunna Kilian
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Michael W Ross
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - William West
- Department of Writing Studies, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Abstract
Sexual dysfunction is extremely common in cancer survivors. Cancer survivors are living longer, and survivorship issues like sexual functioning are now a part of routine cancer care. Oncology providers need to be as comfortable assessing and addressing these issues as they would any other aspect relating to cancer care. Providers should know how to perform an evaluation for sexual dysfunction, understand basic treatment options, and have appropriate referrals available to ensure that the patient's needs are met. This review provides an overview of sexual dysfunction pertaining to women who are survivors of cancer and articulates areas needing further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindy Goldman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 2356 Sutter Street, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Mary Kathryn Abel
- University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, 2356 Sutter Street, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Jacobs JM, Walsh EA, Rapoport CS, Antoni MH, Park ER, Post K, Comander A, Peppercorn J, Safren SA, Temel JS, Greer JA. Development and Refinement of a Telehealth Intervention for Symptom Management, Distress, and Adherence to Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy after Breast Cancer. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2021; 28:603-618. [PMID: 33219901 PMCID: PMC8137723 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-020-09750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) prevents recurrence after early stage, hormone sensitive breast cancer; however, adherence to AET is suboptimal, and efficacious interventions are severely lacking. Barriers to adherence are well established; however, interventions, thus, far have failed to produce meaningful changes in adherence and have generally not followed guiding principles of psychosocial intervention development. The purpose of this paper is to describe the iterative development, using the National Institutes of Health Stage Model for Behavioral Intervention Development, of an evidence-based, patient-centered, telehealth intervention to enhance adherence, improve symptom management, and reduce distress for patients taking AET after breast cancer, with a focus on (1) a small open pilot study which informed modifications and refinement of the intervention based on quantitative and qualitative patient feedback about feasibility and acceptability and (2) the underlying theoretical and empirical rationale for each component of the finalized intervention. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M Jacobs
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey, Suite 10B, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Emily A Walsh
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey, Suite 10B, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Chelsea S Rapoport
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey, Suite 10B, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Michael H Antoni
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Elyse R Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey, Suite 10B, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn Post
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey, Suite 10B, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy Comander
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Peppercorn
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Safren
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer S Temel
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph A Greer
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey, Suite 10B, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Borowczak M, Lee MC, Weidenbaum E, Mattingly A, Kuritzky A, Quinn GP. Comparing Breast Cancer Experiences and Quality of Life between Lesbian and Heterosexual Women. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174347. [PMID: 34503157 PMCID: PMC8431629 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary While issues related to support for women with breast cancer have been well studied among heterosexual women, less is known about the supportive care needs of women who are in same-sex or lesbian relationships. Aside from being at increased risk for development of, and mortality from, breast cancer compared to their heterosexual counterparts, there is a growing collection of literature that suggests that lesbian women with breast cancer have different psychosocial and supportive care needs than heterosexual women. The purpose of this study was to examine heterosexual and lesbian women breast cancer survivors’ perceptions of their cancer care experience and support sources. As survivorship care continues to evolve, it is important to recognize not only the specific needs of lesbian minority women, but also the many strengths of this community as these factors may inform future interventions and approaches to improved survivorship care. Abstract Background: While breast cancer among women in general has been well studied, little is known about breast cancer in sexual minority women (SMW). Aside from being at an increased risk for development of, and mortality from, breast cancer compared to their heterosexual counterparts, there is a growing collection of literature that suggests that SMW experience breast cancer differently to heterosexual women. Methods: Qualitative study of both straight and lesbian women with a diagnosis of breast cancer. Focus groups were conducted to assess straight and SMW experiences pertaining to perceived barriers, resources/support from partners as well as attitudes pertaining to breast reconstruction. Results: A sample of 15 participants (10 straight and 5 lesbian women) were included in the present study. Focus group themes focused on support, wishes for support, satisfaction with inclusion of partner, fear, perceived discrimination, quality of life, body image, treatment delay, financial concern, frustration with the system, reconstruction, access to information, and attitudes towards cancer diagnosis. A majority of women in both groups chose to undergo breast reconstruction. Conclusion: In our study, SMW experienced their breast cancer treatment through a uniquely supportive and positive lens, often with higher relationship satisfaction and better self-image when compared to straight women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Borowczak
- Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ 08043, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Marie C. Lee
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Emily Weidenbaum
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; (E.W.); (G.P.Q.)
| | | | - Anne Kuritzky
- Trihealth Cancer Institute, Cincinnati, OH 45242, USA;
| | - Gwendolyn P. Quinn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; (E.W.); (G.P.Q.)
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Câncer de mama e homossexualidade feminina. PSICO 2021. [DOI: 10.15448/1980-8623.2021.2.36109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Devido aos avanços dos tratamentos oncológicos, a sobrevida das pacientes com neoplasias mamárias tem aumentado significativamente, o que impõe a necessidade de compreender seus aspectos psicossociais. Diferenças de gênero e orientação sexual favorecem a ocorrência de desigualdades dentro dos serviços de saúde. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a produção científica nacional e internacional sobre variáveis relacionadas à saúde de mulheres lésbicas com câncer de mama. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado a partir das bases LILACS, PubMed, CINAHL e PsycINFO. Foram selecionados 20 artigos publicados entre 2007 e 2017. A análise permitiu delinear os temas: repercussões físicas e psicológicas do tratamento, enfrentamento, riscos de morbidade e mortalidade, qualidade de vida, menopausa e estudos de base populacional. A literatura explora de que modo a doença e o tratamento impactam de forma diferenciada a qualidade de vida de mulheres lésbicas acometidas por câncer de mama. Esse conhecimento é fundamental para subsidiar um cuidado sensível às necessidades dos segmentos minoritários da população.
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Impact of Mastectomy on Body Image and Sexuality from a LGBTQ Perspective: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10040567. [PMID: 33546220 PMCID: PMC7913342 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although mastectomy could lead to a decrease in sexual performance among patients, only a handful of studies focused on the psychological and sexual behavioral aspects after the surgery. Research on post-mastectomy sexuality has focused mainly on female subjects but barely on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (LGBTQ), and male patients. This narrative review aimed to explore the importance of sexuality after mastectomy from a LGBTQ perspective. Each sexual minority group has been addressed individually. In general, sexual and gender minority breast cancer (BC) patients undergoing bilateral mastectomy expect a complex treatment plan in terms of physical and emotional outcomes. Bilateral mastectomy or top surgery for masculinization reasons was reported to be the most popular procedure among transmen, which resulted in a significant improvement in the quality of life. Heterosexual and lesbian female patients are willing to undergo mastectomy after repeated lumpectomies or to avoid radiation, despite potential post-operative somatic and quality-of-life complications. Transwomen would seek gender-affirming surgery to improve physical satisfaction and psychological well-being. There is not enough evidence for non-oncological reasons and consequences of mastectomy in gay men and cisgender heterosexual men. Establishing the awareness of the sexuality impact of mastectomy will allow the implementation of tailored perioperative psychological care.
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He J, Sun S, Lin Z, Fan X. Body dissatisfaction and sexual orientations: A quantitative synthesis of 30 years research findings. Clin Psychol Rev 2020; 81:101896. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Thompson T, Heiden-Rootes K, Joseph M, Gilmore LA, Johnson L, Proulx CM, Albright EL, Brown M, McElroy JA. The support that partners or caregivers provide sexual minority women who have cancer: A systematic review. Soc Sci Med 2020; 261:113214. [PMID: 32738634 PMCID: PMC8171311 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Intimate partners and other informal caregivers provide unpaid tangible, emotional, and decision-making support for patients with cancer, but relatively little research has investigated the cancer experiences of sexual minority women (SMW) with cancer and their partners/caregivers. OBJECTIVE This review addressed 4 central questions: 1) What social support do SMW with cancer receive from partners/caregivers? 2) What effect does cancer have on intimate partnerships or caregiving relationships of SMW with cancer? 3) What effects does cancer have on partners/caregivers of SMW with cancer? 4) What interventions exist to support partners/caregivers of SMW or to strengthen the patient-caregiver relationship? METHOD This systematic review, conducted in 2018 and updated in 2020, was based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Two independent coders screened abstracts and articles. RESULTS In total, 550 unique records were screened; 42 articles were assessed for eligibility, and 18 were included in a qualitative synthesis. Most studies were U.S.-based, involved breast cancer, included intimate partners, had primarily white/Caucasian samples, and were cross-sectional. Sexual minority female participants reported that partners/caregivers often provide important social support, including emotional support, decision-making support, and tangible support. Effects of cancer on relationships with partners/caregivers were mixed, with some studies finding relationships remained stable and others finding cancer either increased closeness or disrupted relationships. Participants reported partners/caregivers often experience distress and may experience discrimination, discomfort disclosing sexual orientation, and a lack of sexual minority-friendly services. No studies involved an intervention targeting partners/caregivers or the dyadic relationship. CONCLUSIONS More work is needed to understand SMW with cancers other than breast cancer, and future work should include more racially, ethnically, and economically diverse samples. Longitudinal research will allow an examination of patterns of mutual influence and change in relationships. These steps will enable the development of interventions to support SMW with cancer and people close to them.
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11
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Bryson MK, Taylor ET, Boschman L, Hart TL, Gahagan J, Rail G, Ristock J. Awkward Choreographies from Cancer's Margins: Incommensurabilities of Biographical and Biomedical Knowledge in Sexual and/or Gender Minority Cancer Patients' Treatment. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMANITIES 2020; 41:341-361. [PMID: 30488328 PMCID: PMC7343748 DOI: 10.1007/s10912-018-9542-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Canadian and American population-based research concerning sexual and/or gender minority populations provides evidence of persistent breast and gynecologic cancer-related health disparities and knowledge divides. The Cancer's Margins research investigates the complex intersections of sexual and/or gender marginality and incommensurabilities and improvisation in engagements with biographical and biomedical cancer knowledge. The study examines how sexuality and gender are intersectionally constitutive of complex biopolitical mappings of cancer health knowledge that shape knowledge access and its mobilization in health and treatment decision-making. Interviews were conducted with a diverse group (n=81) of sexual and/or gender minority breast or gynecologic cancer patients. The LGBQ//T2 cancer patient narratives we have analyzed document in fine grain detail how it is that sexual and/or gender minority cancer patients punctuate the otherwise lockstep assemblage of their cancer treatment decision-making with a persistent engagement in creative attempts to resist, thwart and otherwise manage the possibility of discrimination and likewise, the probability of institutional erasure in care settings. Our findings illustrate the demands that cancer places on LGBQ//T2 patients to choreograph access to, and mobilization of knowledge and care, across significantly distinct and sometimes incommensurable systems of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary K Bryson
- Department of Language and Literacy Education, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Evan T Taylor
- Department of Language and Literacy Education, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lorna Boschman
- Department of Language and Literacy Education, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tae L Hart
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Gahagan
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Genevieve Rail
- Simone de Beauvoir Institute, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Janice Ristock
- Women's and Gender Studies, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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12
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Bjarnadottir RI, Bockting W, Trifilio M, Dowding DW. Assessing Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in Home Health Care: Perceptions and Attitudes of Nurses. LGBT Health 2019; 6:409-416. [DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2019.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ragnhildur I. Bjarnadottir
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, New York
- College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Walter Bockting
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - MaryGrace Trifilio
- Center for Home Care Policy & Research, Visiting Nurse Service of New York, New York, New York
| | - Dawn W. Dowding
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Center for Home Care Policy & Research, Visiting Nurse Service of New York, New York, New York
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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13
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Kent EE, Wheldon CW, Smith AW, Srinivasan S, Geiger AM. Care delivery, patient experiences, and health outcomes among sexual and gender minority patients with cancer and survivors: A scoping review. Cancer 2019; 125:4371-4379. [PMID: 31593319 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.32388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Sexual and gender minorities (SGMs) face a disproportionate burden of cancer, yet little is known about the experiences and specific needs of these underserved populations in cancer care delivery. The authors conducted a scoping review to characterize the literature on cancer care delivery, health outcomes, and health care experiences for patients with cancer and survivors identifying as SGM. In total, 1176 peer-reviewed citations were identified after a systematic search of the PubMed/Medline, PsycInfo, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Web of Sciences databases without restriction on publication date. The details captured included study aims, design, population, cancer site, and main findings. Thirty-seven studies published from 1998 to 2017 met the study criteria. Most studies were conducted in the post-treatment survivorship phase of the continuum (n = 30), and breast cancer was the most common cancer site (n = 20). There were only 2 intervention studies. The studies reviewed were classified under the following areas of focus: 1) disclosure of sexual orientation and gender identity, 2) quality of care, 3) psychosocial impact of/ adjustment to cancer, 4) social support, 5) sexual functioning, and 6) health risks/health behavior. Very little research reported an assessment of gender minority status or included a focus on gender minorities (n = 7). This review revealed substantial research gaps given a lack of population-based data and small sample sizes, likely related to the absence of systematic collection of sexual orientation and gender identity information in the cancer care context. Deficient research in this area likely perpetuates health disparities. Further research is needed to identify and remove the barriers to delivering high-quality care to SGM individuals with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Kent
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
- ICF, Inc, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Christopher W Wheldon
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Ashley Wilder Smith
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Shobha Srinivasan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Ann M Geiger
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
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Gordon JR, Baik SH, Schwartz KTG, Wells KJ. Comparing the Mental Health of Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review. LGBT Health 2019; 6:271-288. [PMID: 31314662 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2018.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Sexual minority (SM) individuals are more likely to experience mental health concerns than heterosexual individuals. However, little is known to date about the psychological needs of SM cancer survivors. The objective of this systematic review was to identify whether SM cancer survivors experience disparate psychological outcomes compared with heterosexual cancer survivors. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases were searched systematically to identify studies that compared mental health outcomes between SM and heterosexual survivors. A standardized data extraction form was used to extract data from eligible articles. The Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Analytical Cross Sectional Studies was used to assess study quality. Results: Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria and assessed distress, depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and mental and emotional quality of life (QOL). Most studies enrolled survivors diagnosed either with female breast cancer or with prostate cancer. Most studies reporting on mental health among women found no differences between SM and heterosexual survivors. Studies conducted among men found that SM survivors experienced higher distress, depression, and anxiety, and lower emotional/mental QOL than heterosexual survivors. Conclusion: The findings of the present synthesis suggest that mental health disparities may exist among SM men diagnosed with cancer, particularly prostate cancer. More research is required to identify mental health disparities among SM survivors diagnosed with other cancers, as well as predisposing and protective factors. In addition, mental health screening and interventions are needed for SM men after cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna R Gordon
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California
| | - Sharon H Baik
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Karen T G Schwartz
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California
| | - Kristen J Wells
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
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Cathcart-Rake EJ, Breitkopf CR, Kaur J, O'Connor J, Ridgeway JL, Jatoi A. Teaching Health-Care Providers to Query Patients With Cancer About Sexual and Gender Minority (SGM) Status and Sexual Health. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2019; 36:533-537. [PMID: 30599758 DOI: 10.1177/1049909118820874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
End of life is difficult for all patients but sexual and gender minorities (SGM) are prone to isolation and loneliness, especially if their SGM status is unknown or unaccepted. In oncology clinics, where goals of care discussions about end of life are integral and frequent, querying patients about their SGM status and sexual health is of particular importance. The American Society of Clinical Oncology recently released a position statement that called for greater focus on SGM populations with the goal of reducing and eventually eliminating disparities in cancer care within this group. An important first step in addressing such disparities is learning how best to train cancer health-care providers to ask patients about their SGM status and about sexual health in general. This article summarizes the mandate for understanding cancer issues in SGM populations and the dearth of cancer-related data within this group. This article also describes an ongoing 3-part study intended to build a mini curriculum with the goal of helping cancer health-care providers to ask patients with cancer about SGM status and to ask all patients with cancer about sexual health issues. The results of this ongoing study could potentially improve end-of-life care for subgroups of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Judith Kaur
- 3 Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer O'Connor
- 4 Department of Medical Oncology Clinical Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jennifer L Ridgeway
- 5 Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Aminah Jatoi
- 1 Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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16
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17
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Social Inequalities in Palliative Care for Cancer Patients in the United States: A Structured Review. Semin Oncol Nurs 2018; 34:303-315. [PMID: 30146346 DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify patterns of access to and use or provision of palliative care services in medically underserved and vulnerable groups diagnosed with cancer. DATA SOURCES Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science were searched to identify peer-reviewed studies that described palliative care in medically underserved or vulnerable populations diagnosed with cancer. CONCLUSION Disparities in both access and referral to palliative care are evident in many underserved groups. There is evidence that some groups received poorer quality of such care. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Achieving health equity in access to and receipt of quality palliative care requires prioritization of this area in clinical practice and in research funding.
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18
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Wheldon CW, Roberts MC, Boehmer U. Differences in Coping with Breast Cancer Between Lesbian and Heterosexual Women: A Life Course Perspective. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2018; 28:1023-1030. [PMID: 30130140 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2018.6940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We tested a theoretical framework to explain differences in coping responses to breast cancer between lesbian and heterosexual women. Materials and Methods: Breast cancer survivors were recruited through cancer registries and community-based sampling. Cross-sectional telephone surveys were completed among self-identified lesbian (n = 330) and heterosexual (n = 595) women who were diagnosed with breast cancer. Five subscales from the Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer (Mini-MAC) Scale were used to measure coping with breast cancer among women post-treatment. Mediation analysis was used to examine the explanatory power of life course factors (e.g., parenting and education) in explicating the association between sexual identity and coping responses. Results: Lesbian women had lower mean scores on the anxious preoccupation and cognitive avoidance subscales (p < 0.05). These differences were moderated by age at diagnosis, with differences in anxious preoccupation and cognitive avoidance greater among women diagnosed with breast cancer before 45 years of age. Having children mediated the association between lesbian identity and anxious preoccupation, but only among women diagnosed at younger ages. College education mediated the association between lesbian identity and cognitive avoidance among women diagnosed at older ages. Conclusions: Despite previous evidence of suboptimal cancer care and gaps in supportive services, lesbian women with breast cancer demonstrate adaptive coping. This study calls for an increased focus on life course factors, both in the empirical and theoretical literature, which may partially explain some of this resiliency. Identifying mechanisms that lead to active coping can inform supportive care for both lesbian and heterosexual women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Wheldon
- 1Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Megan C Roberts
- 1Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ulrike Boehmer
- 2Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Avis NE, Johnson A, Canzona MR, Levine BJ. Sexual functioning among early post-treatment breast cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 2018; 26:2605-2613. [PMID: 29455301 PMCID: PMC6019113 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4098-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims (1) to estimate percentages of partnered women who are sexually active over the first 2 years post-breast cancer diagnosis; (2) to identify factors related to sexual inactivity; and (3) to evaluate separately, among both sexually active and inactive survivors, the relation between sexual problems and treatment-related variables, symptoms, and psychosocial factors. METHODS Longitudinal observational study of breast cancer survivors recruited within 8 months of cancer diagnosis and followed for 18 months. The main outcome measures were (1) being sexually active/inactive in the past month and (2) sexual problems assessed with the four-item sexual problem domain of the Quality of Life in Adult Cancer Survivors (QLACS) scale. RESULTS At baseline, 52.4% of women reported being sexually active in the past month. This percentage increased to 60.7% 18 months later. In multivariable repeated-measures analyses, age, past chemotherapy, depressive symptoms, and lower perceived attractiveness were related to inactivity. Sexually inactive women reported more problems on the QLACS than sexually active women. In stratified multivariable analyses, depressive symptoms were related to greater sexual problems for both sexually active and inactive women, as was vaginal dryness. Among the sexually active women, younger age at diagnosis, less illness intrusiveness, and lower perceived attractiveness were related to more problems. CONCLUSIONS Research has shown that sexual functioning/sexual health are key aspects of quality of life for many cancer survivors, and are often not addressed by health care providers. Future studies should examine how such topics are handled by clinicians in their interactions with survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy E Avis
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1063, USA.
| | - Aimee Johnson
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1063, USA
- Department of Health Sciences, James Madison University, 235 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Harrisburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - Mollie Rose Canzona
- Department of Communication, Wake Forest University, P.O. Box 7347, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Beverly J Levine
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1063, USA
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Boehmer U, Stokes JE, Bazzi AR, Winter M, Clark MA. Dyadic stress of breast cancer survivors and their caregivers: Are there differences by sexual orientation? Psychooncology 2018; 27:2389-2397. [PMID: 29959808 DOI: 10.1002/pon.4836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is to assess dyadic stress among sexual minority cancer survivor and caregivers compared to heterosexual cancer survivors and their caregivers. METHODS We recruited 167 survivors of nonmetastatic breast cancer of different sexual orientations and their caregivers, who were interviewed via telephone after obtaining consent. We used inverse propensity score weighting to account for differences by sexual orientation in age and length of the survivor-caregiver relationship and simultaneous equation models consistent with the needs for analyzing dyadic data. RESULTS Survivors and caregivers reported stress levels consistent with population norms, irrespective of survivors' sexual orientation. Accounting for covariates, survivors' and caregivers' stress did not mutually influence one another overall. However, differences by sexual orientation were noted such that caregivers' stress was influential for sexual minority survivors' stress, but not for heterosexual survivors' stress. CONCLUSIONS Careful consideration should be given to caregivers of sexual minority survivors, an underserved group for whom currently no interventions exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Boehmer
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Stokes
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA
| | - Angela R Bazzi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Winter
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa A Clark
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Maingi S, Bagabag AE, O'Mahony S. Current Best Practices for Sexual and Gender Minorities in Hospice and Palliative Care Settings. J Pain Symptom Manage 2018; 55:1420-1427. [PMID: 29288882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.12.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although several publications document the health care disparities experienced by sexual and gender minorities (SGMs), including lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals,1e4 less is known about the experiences and outcomes for SGM families and individuals in hospice and palliative care (HPC) settings. This article provides a brief overview of issues pertaining to SGMs in HPC settings, highlighting gaps in knowledge and research. Current and best practices for SGM individuals and their families in HPC settings are described, as are recommendations for improving the quality of such care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shail Maingi
- St. Peter's Health Partners Cancer Care, Troy, New York, USA.
| | | | - Sean O'Mahony
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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22
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Namkoong K, Shah DV, Gustafson DH. Offline Social Relationships and Online Cancer Communication: Effects of Social and Family Support on Online Social Network Building. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2017; 32:1422-1429. [PMID: 27824257 PMCID: PMC6095462 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2016.1230808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates how social support and family relationship perceptions influence breast cancer patients' online communication networks in a computer-mediated social support (CMSS) group. To examine social interactions in the CMSS group, we identified two types of online social networks: open and targeted communication networks. The open communication network reflects group communication behaviors (i.e., one-to-many or "broadcast" communication) in which the intended audience is not specified; in contrast, the targeted communication network reflects interpersonal discourses (i.e., one-to-one or directed communication) in which the audience for the message is specified. The communication networks were constructed by tracking CMSS group usage data of 237 breast cancer patients who participated in one of two National Cancer Institute-funded randomized clinical trials. Eligible subjects were within 2 months of a diagnosis of primary breast cancer or recurrence at the time of recruitment. Findings reveal that breast cancer patients who perceived less availability of offline social support had a larger social network size in the open communication network. In contrast, those who perceived less family cohesion had a larger targeted communication network in the CMSS group, meaning they were inclined to use the CMSS group for developing interpersonal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Namkoong
- Department of Community and Leadership Development, University of Kentucky, Address: 504 Garrigus Building, Lexington, KY 40546-0215, United States, Phone: 859-257-4657, Fax: 859-257-1164,
| | - Dhavan V. Shah
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Address: 5162 Vilas Communication Hall, 812 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, Phone: 608-262-0388, Fax: 608-262-1361,
| | - David H. Gustafson
- Center for Health Enhancement Systems Studies, University of Wisconsin - Madison Address: 4109 Mechanical Engineering Building, 1513 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 Phone: 608-263-4882, Fax: 608-890-1438,
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23
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Bjarnadottir RI, Bockting W, Dowding DW. Patient perspectives on answering questions about sexual orientation and gender identity: an integrative review. J Clin Nurs 2017; 26:1814-1833. [PMID: 27706875 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To examine patients' perceptions of being asked about their sexual orientation and gender identity in the healthcare setting. BACKGROUND Health disparities exist in the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender population, but further research is needed to better understand these disparities. To address this issue, experts recommend the routine collection of sexual orientation and gender identity data in health care. Nurses on the front line of patient care play a key role in the collection of these data. However, to enable nurses to conduct such assessments it is important to understand the perspective of the patients on being asked about their sexual orientation and gender identity in a healthcare setting. DESIGN An integrative review was conducted using the methodology proposed by Whittemore and Knafl (Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2005, 52, 546). METHODS Six electronic databases were searched, and two reviewers independently reviewed papers for inclusion. Papers were included if they were empirical studies, peer-reviewed papers or reports, assessing patient perspectives on discussing sexual orientation and gender identity in the healthcare setting. RESULTS Twenty-one relevant studies that met the inclusion criteria were identified. A majority of the studies indicated patients' willingness to respond to, and a perceived importance of, questions about sexual orientation and gender identity. However, fears of homophobia and negative consequences hindered willingness to disclose this information. CONCLUSIONS This review indicates that in most cases patients are willing to answer routine questions about their sexual orientation in the healthcare setting and perceive them as important questions to ask. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The findings of this review have implications for nurses looking to incorporate questions about sexual orientation into their routine patient assessment. The findings indicate that care providers need to be mindful of heteronormative assumptions and take steps to ensure they are knowledgeable about lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Walter Bockting
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Gender, Sexuality, and Health, Columbia Psychiatry at NYSPI, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dawn W Dowding
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Home Care Policy & Research, Visiting Nursing Service of New York, New York, NY, USA
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24
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Taylor ET, Bryson MK. Cancer's Margins: Trans* and Gender Nonconforming People's Access to Knowledge, Experiences of Cancer Health, and Decision-Making. LGBT Health 2015; 3:79-89. [PMID: 26789402 PMCID: PMC4770847 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2015.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Research in Canada and the United States indicates that minority gender and sexuality status are consistently associated with health disparities and poor health outcomes, including cancer health. This article investigates experiences of cancer health and care, and access to knowledge for trans* and gender nonconforming people diagnosed with and treated for breast and/or gynecologic cancer. Our study contributes new understandings about gender minority populations that will advance knowledge concerning the provision of culturally appropriate care. This is the first study we are aware of that focuses on trans* and gender nonconforming peoples' experiences of cancer care and treatment, support networks, and access to and mobilization of knowledge. METHODS This article analyzes trans* and gender nonconforming patient interviews from the Cancer's Margins project ( www.lgbtcancer.ca ): Canada's first nationally-funded project that investigates the complex intersections of sexual and/or gender marginality, cancer knowledge, treatment experiences, and modes of the organization of support networks. RESULTS Our analysis documents how different bodies of knowledge relative to cancer treatment and gendered embodiment are understood, accessed, and mobilized by trans* and gender nonconforming patients. Findings reported here suggest that one's knowledge of a felt sense of gender is closely interwoven with knowledge concerning cancer treatment practices; a dynamic which organizes knowledge mobilities in cancer treatment. CONCLUSIONS The findings support the assertion that cisgender models concerning changes to the body that occur as a result of biomedical treatment for breast and/or gynecologic cancer are wholly inadequate in order to account for trans* and gender nonconforming peoples' experiences of cancer treatments, and access to and mobilization of related knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan T Taylor
- Department of Language and Literacy Education, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia , Canada
| | - Mary K Bryson
- Department of Language and Literacy Education, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia , Canada
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25
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Cancer Risk Factors, Diagnosis and Sexual Identity in the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women's Health. Womens Health Issues 2015; 25:509-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Matthews AK, Hotton A, Li CC, Miller K, Johnson A, Jones KW, Thai J. An Internet-Based Study Examining the Factors Associated with the Physical and Mental Health Quality of Life of LGBT Cancer Survivors. LGBT Health 2015; 3:65-73. [PMID: 26789396 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2014.0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with the quality of life of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) cancer survivors. METHODS Data were collected via a nationally advertised online short-form health survey. RESULTS Factors associated with lower physical quality of life included younger age at diagnosis, cancer type, medical co-morbidities, being overweight or obese, recurrence, and current cancer treatment. Lower mental quality of life was associated with younger age, smoking, lower perceived quality of care, lower perceived support, and higher cancer-related worry. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight a need for health promotion interventions specifically for LGBT cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia K Matthews
- 1 College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,2 Howard Brown Health Center , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anna Hotton
- 3 Department of Infectious Diseases, John H. Stroger Hospital , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Chien-Ching Li
- 4 Department of Health Systems Management, College of Health Sciences, Rush University , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Katherine Miller
- 5 Jane Addams College of Social Work, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amy Johnson
- 6 School of Public Health, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kyle W Jones
- 2 Howard Brown Health Center , Chicago, Illinois.,7 Department of Psychology, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jennie Thai
- 2 Howard Brown Health Center , Chicago, Illinois
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Kamen CS, Smith-Stoner M, Heckler CE, Flannery M, Margolies L. Social support, self-rated health, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender identity disclosure to cancer care providers. Oncol Nurs Forum 2015; 42:44-51. [PMID: 25542320 DOI: 10.1188/15.onf.44-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To describe factors related to diagnosis, identity disclosure, and social support among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) patients with cancer, and to explore associations between these factors and self-rated health. DESIGN Cross-sectional self-report survey design using descriptive and exploratory multivariate statistical approaches. SETTING Online, Internet-based. SAMPLE 291 LGBT patients (89% Caucasian; 50% gay, 36% lesbian, 7% bisexual, 3% transgender) with mixed cancers. METHODS Participants completed a researcher-designed online survey assessing experiences of cancer diagnosis among LGBT patients at a single time point. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES Demographics, which provider(s) delivered the patients' cancer diagnoses, to whom patients had disclosed their LGBT identity, how they disclosed, who was on their social support team at the time of diagnosis, and current self-rated health. FINDINGS 79% of participants reported disclosing their identities to more than one cancer care provider. Participants most commonly introduced the topic of LGBT identity themselves, sometimes as a way to correct heterosexual assumptions (34%). Friends were the most common members of LGBT patients' support teams (79%). Four disclosure and support factors were consistently associated with better self-rated health. CONCLUSIONS Disclosure of LGBT identity is a common experience in the context of cancer care, and disclosure and support factors are associated with better self-reported health among LGBT patients. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Creating safe environments for LGBT patients to disclose could improve cancer care delivery to this underserved population. Nurses and other providers should acknowledge and include diverse support team members in LGBT patients' care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles S Kamen
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center in New York
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Kamen C, Mustian KM, Dozier A, Bowen DJ, Li Y. Disparities in psychological distress impacting lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender cancer survivors. Psychooncology 2015; 24:1384-91. [PMID: 25630987 DOI: 10.1002/pon.3746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have highlighted disparities in cancer diagnosis between lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) and heterosexual adults. Studies have yet to examine disparities between LGBT and heterosexual cancer survivors in prevalence of psychological distress. METHODS Data for the current study were drawn from the LIVESTRONG dataset, a US national survey that sampled 207 LGBT and 4899 heterosexual cancer survivors (all cancer types, 63.5% women, mean age 49) in 2010. Symptoms of psychological distress were assessed with dichotomous yes/no items in three symptom clusters (depression related to cancer, difficulties with social relationships post-cancer, fatigue/energy problems). We selected a sample of 621 heterosexual survivors matched by propensity score to the 207 LGBT survivors and assessed disparities in count of symptoms using Poisson regression. We also performed subgroup analyses by self-reported sex. RESULTS Relative to heterosexuals, LGBT cancer survivors reported a higher number of depression and relationship difficulty symptoms. Exploratory analyses revealed that disparities in number of symptoms were visible between gay, bisexual, and transgender versus heterosexual men but not between lesbian, bisexual, and transgender versus heterosexual women. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights several disparities in psychological distress that exist between LGBT and heterosexual survivors. A need remains for interventions tailored to LGBT survivors and for studies examining disparities within subgroups of LGBT survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Kamen
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Cancer Control Unit, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Karen M Mustian
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Cancer Control Unit, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ann Dozier
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Public Health Sciences, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Deborah J Bowen
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yue Li
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Public Health Sciences, Rochester, NY, USA
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Santos DB, Santos MAD, Vieira EM. Sexualidade e câncer de mama: uma revisão sistemática da literatura. SAUDE E SOCIEDADE 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-12902014000400018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender como o câncer de mama e seus tratamentos afetam a vivência da sexualidade da mulher acometida. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática qualitativa de artigos científicos, publicados entre 2000 e 2010, disponíveis nas bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science, LILACS e SciELO. Foram obtidos 50 artigos cujos textos foram categorizados segundo análise de conteúdo temática. Foram identificadas seis categorias temáticas: a cirurgia mamária e os demais tratamentos para o câncer de mama; a experiência da mulher acometida; o relacionamento afetivo-sexual; estudos sobre relação entre sexualidade e características específicas do câncer; os profissionais de saúde e a atenção à sexualidade; e propostas para amenizar as consequências negativas dos tratamentos na sexualidade. Há necessidade de novos estudos a respeito dos aspectos culturais da sexualidade, diversidade sexual, relacionamento com o parceiro, formação do profissional de saúde e intervenções em sexualidade no contexto do câncer de mama.
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Ussher JM, Perz J, Gilbert E. Women's Sexuality after Cancer: A Qualitative Analysis of Sexual Changes and Renegotiation. WOMEN & THERAPY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/02703149.2014.897547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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31
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Boehmer U, Glickman M, Winter M, Clark MA. Coping and Benefit Finding among Long-Term Breast Cancer Survivors of Different Sexual Orientations. WOMEN & THERAPY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/02703149.2014.897548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Pillai-Friedman S, Ashline J. Women, breast cancer survivorship, sexual losses, and disenfranchised grief – a treatment model for clinicians. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2014.934340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Jabson JM, Bowen DJ. Perceived stress and sexual orientation among breast cancer survivors. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2014; 61:889-898. [PMID: 24392702 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2014.870814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the cancer survivorship experiences of sexual minority women (SMW). SMW breast cancer survivors are hypothesized to experience more stress compared to heterosexual breast cancer survivors. A convenience sample of 211 breast cancer survivors (68 SMW, 143 heterosexual women) participated in this cross-sectional online investigation of perceived stress. Regression analyses indicated significant differences in reported stress between heterosexual and SMW breast cancer survivors (β= -.15, p = .03). Our findings may reflect unique experiences had by sexual minority breast cancer survivors. Future research should explore the factors that contribute to elevated perceived stress in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Jabson
- a Department of Public Health , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee , USA
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Ruddy KJ, Greaney ML, Sprunck-Harrild K, Meyer ME, Emmons KM, Partridge AH. Young Women with Breast Cancer: A Focus Group Study of Unmet Needs. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2013; 2:153-160. [PMID: 24380034 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2013.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Young women with breast cancer suffer distress both at the time of diagnosis and afterwards. This study aimed to elucidate which issues are most disturbing to this population and which might be amenable to intervention. Methods: English-speaking women treated or involved in research at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute for stage I-III breast cancer while aged 18-42 years were invited to participate in one of four focus groups. A trained moderator led each 90-minute audio-recorded group using a semi-structured interview guide. All transcripts were coded using thematic content analysis with NVivo software. Results: Thirty-six women participated. Three major themes emerged from the analyses of these focus groups' data: (1) participants felt different from older breast cancer patients with regard to relationships, fertility, menopausal symptoms, treatment side effects, and work/finances; (2) participants faced unique challenges transitioning into the survivorship phase of care; and (3) participants desired assistance, including connections with other young patients, help navigating the healthcare system, educational materials, and lists of appropriate counselors. Conclusion: Young women with breast cancer have unmet needs for psychosocial support, education, and symptom management, and can identify potential support that may help meet these needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Ruddy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mary L Greaney
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island , Kingston, Rhode Island
| | - Kim Sprunck-Harrild
- Center for Community-Based Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Meghan E Meyer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Karen M Emmons
- Center for Community-Based Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ann H Partridge
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston, Massachusetts
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Paul LB, Pitagora D, Brown B, Tworecke A, Rubin L. Support needs and resources of sexual minority women with breast cancer. Psychooncology 2013; 23:578-84. [PMID: 24285508 DOI: 10.1002/pon.3451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current paper utilizes qualitative methods to better understand the support needs and resources of sexual minority women (SMW) breast cancer patients. METHODS Thirteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with SMW, who were recruited from community-based organizations and had undergone mastectomy for treatment of breast cancer. Interviews explored support needs and resources. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Three key domains emerged: support groups, family of origin support, and partner support. Participants emphasized the value of cancer support groups and resources tailored to SMW while stating that other dimensions of identity or experience, particularly age and cancer stage, were also important. Participants noted the dearth of social support resources for same-sex partners. Family of origin and partners were typically participants' primary sources of tangible and emotional support; participants often engaged in protective buffering to mitigate caregivers' distress. Single women faced the greatest challenges in terms of support needs and resources. Former partners were often key sources of support. CONCLUSIONS SMW and their partners have many shared and unique support resources and barriers. Heteronormativity that is implicit in the structure of support resources can serve as a barrier to support for SMW and their partners. Flexibility in relationship roles enabling some SMW to include former partners as significant means of support may be a source of resiliency, particularly for unpartnered SMW cancer patients. Support needs and resources of SMW are best understood through an intersectionality framework that considers sexual orientation, relationship status, cancer stage, age, healthcare access, and other important identities and experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie B Paul
- The New School for Social Research, Clinical Psychology, New York, NY, USA
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Boehmer U, Glickman M, Winter M, Clark MA. Lesbian and bisexual women's adjustment after a breast cancer diagnosis. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2013; 19:280-92. [PMID: 24055955 DOI: 10.1177/1078390313504587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little research has been devoted to lesbian and bisexual survivors' adjustment after breast cancer. OBJECTIVES To determine differences between lesbian and bisexual survivors and to examine whether sexual minority-specific issues contribute to these survivors' adjustment. DESIGN We recruited 180 lesbian and bisexual survivors with primary diagnoses of DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ) or I-III nonrecurrent breast cancer from a cancer registry and the community. RESULTS The characteristics of lesbian and bisexual survivors of breast cancer were similar, with few exceptions, such as partner status and gender of partner. Sexual minority-specific factors contributed toward explaining lesbian and bisexual survivors' anxiety and depression but did not contribute toward explaining survivors' physical and mental health. CONCLUSIONS Awareness about vulnerabilities due to partner status and about the sexual minority-specific issues that contribute to adjustment is important for medical and mental health professionals who have lesbian and bisexual breast cancer survivors as patients.
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Boehmer U, Ozonoff A, Timm A, Winter M, Potter J. After breast cancer: sexual functioning of sexual minority survivors. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2013; 51:681-689. [PMID: 23730713 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2013.772087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Research on sexual difficulties after cancer has neglected sexual minority women (SMW); for example, lesbian and bisexual women. Clinicians treating these women are therefore at a disadvantage as they lack information about sexual problems in this population. This study tested the hypothesis that SMW with breast cancer have poorer sexual function than SMW without breast cancer, distinguishing partnered from unpartnered women. Using convenience sample recruitment, we conducted a case-control study to compare survivors of breast cancers who are SMW, in other words, cases to controls, that is, SMW without cancer. Anonymous survey data were collected from 85 cases after they had completed active cancer treatment and 85 age- and partner-status matched controls with no history of any cancer. Participants' self-reported sexual frequency and sexual function measured by the Female Sexual Function Index were evaluated. Cases and controls did not differ in risk of sexual dysfunction or the level of overall sexual functioning; however, cases had lower sexual frequency and scored lower on desire and ability to reach orgasm, and higher on pain compared to controls. Results inform clinicians about sexual minority survivors' sexual domains affected by cancer. When discussing sexual problems and therapeutic options, sexual orientation should be ascertained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Boehmer
- a Department of Community Health Sciences , Boston University School of Public Health
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Bryson MK, Stacey J. Cancer knowledge in the plural: queering the biopolitics of narrative and affective mobilities. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMANITIES 2013; 34:197-212. [PMID: 23475453 DOI: 10.1007/s10912-013-9206-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this age of DIY Health-a present that has been described as a time of "ludic capitalism"-one is constantly confronted with the injunction to manage risk by means of making healthy choices and of informed participation in various self-surveillant technologies of bioinformatics. Neoliberal governmentality has been redacted by poststructuralist scholars of bioethics as defined by the two-fold emergence of, on the one hand, populations and on the other, the self-determining individual-as biopolitical entities. In this article, we provide a genealogical-phenomenological schematization (GPS analysis) of the narration of cancer in relation to "sexual minority populations." Canonical discourses concerning minority sexualities are articulated by means of a logic of "inclusion and reification" that organizes the interiorization of norms of embodied relationality, and a positive liaison with biomedical technologies and techniques in the taking up of a rhetorical style of biographical compliance. Neoliberal DIY Health logics conflate participation with agency, and institute norms of recognition that constrain visibility to: citizens who make healthy choices and manage risk, heroic cancer stories, stories of the reconstruction of states of normalcy, or of survival against all odds. Alternatively, we trace the performative articulations of queer narrative practices that constitute an ephemeral, nomadic praxiology-a doing of knowledge in cancer's queer narration. Queer cancer narrative practices represent a relationship to health and embodiment that is predicated, not on normalcy, but predicated on troubling norms, on artful failure, and on engaging in a kind of affective mapping that might be thought constitutive of a speculative bioethical relation to the self as other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary K Bryson
- Institute for Gender, Race, Sexuality and Social Justice, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Boehmer U, Glickman M, Winter M, Clark MA. Breast cancer survivors of different sexual orientations: which factors explain survivors' quality of life and adjustment? Ann Oncol 2013; 24:1622-30. [PMID: 23448806 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about differences by sexual orientation in explanatory factors of breast cancer survivors' quality of life, anxiety, and depression. PATIENTS AND METHODS Survivors were recruited from a cancer registry and additional survivors recruited through convenience methods. Data were collected via telephone survey from all 438 survivors, who were disease free and diagnosed with non-metastatic breast cancer an average of 5 years earlier. To explain quality of life, anxiety, and depression, we focused on sexual orientation as the primary independent factors, in addition, considering demographic, psychosocial, clinical, and functional factors as correlates. RESULTS Sexual orientation had indirect associations with each of the outcomes, through disease-related and demographic factors as well as psychosocial and coping resources. The various explanatory models explain between 36% and 50% of the variance in outcomes and identified areas of strengths and vulnerabilities in sexual minority compared with heterosexual survivors. CONCLUSIONS This study's findings of strengths among specific subgroups of sexual minority compared with heterosexual survivors require further explorations to identify the reasons for this finding. Most of the identified vulnerabilities among sexual minority compared with heterosexual survivors of breast cancer are amenable to change by interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Boehmer
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University, School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Boehmer U, Timm A, Ozonoff A, Potter J. Explanatory factors of sexual function in sexual minority women breast cancer survivors. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:2873-2878. [PMID: 22556213 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sexual function of sexual minority women (women with female partners) who are breast cancer survivors is mostly unknown. Our objective is to identify explanatory factors of sexual function among sexual minority women with breast cancer and compare them with a control sample of sexual minority women without cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using a conceptual framework that has previously been applied to heterosexual breast cancer survivors, we assessed the relationship of each explanatory factor to sexual function in sexual minority women. Using generalized estimating equations, we identified explanatory factors of sexual function and identified differences by case and control status. RESULTS Self-perception of greater sexual attractiveness and worse urogenital menopausal symptoms explain 44% of sexual function, after controlling for case and control status. Focusing only on partnered women, 45% of sexual function was explained by greater sexual attractiveness, postmenopausal status, and greater dyadic cohesion. CONCLUSIONS All of the relevant explanatory factors for sexual function among sexual minority survivors are modifiable as has been suggested for heterosexual survivors. Sexual minority survivors differ from heterosexual survivors in that health-related quality of life is less important as an explanatory factor. These findings can guide adaptation of interventions for sexual minority survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Boehmer
- Departments of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston.
| | - A Timm
- Departments of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston
| | - A Ozonoff
- Departments of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston
| | - J Potter
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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White JL, Boehmer U. Long-term breast cancer survivors' perceptions of support from female partners: an exploratory study. Oncol Nurs Forum 2012; 39:210-7. [PMID: 22374495 DOI: 10.1188/12.onf.210-217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To describe the social support experiences of long-term breast cancer survivors who have female partners, from the perspective of survivors. RESEARCH APPROACH Descriptive study using qualitative methods. SETTING United States. PARTICIPANTS A purposive convenience sample of 15 partnered sexual minority women (SMW) (e.g., women with female partners) diagnosed with nonmetastatic breast cancer from 2000-2005. METHODOLOGIC APPROACH One-on-one interviews were conducted by telephone. Interviews were semistructured through the use of an interview guide. Transcribed data were coded and analyzed to identify emergent themes. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES Perceptions of support and broad aspects of the intimate partner relationship that may critically impact the psychological well-being of SMW following breast cancer. FINDINGS Six salient themes describe SMW survivors' perceptions of support: (a) female partners are the singular source of survivors' most valuable support; partners support survivors by (b) discussing survivors' health and distress, which survivors associate with (c) perceived partner distress, and (d) managing the home and caretaking, which survivors associate with (e) perceived partner burden; and partners support survivors by (f) sharing in a life beyond cancer. CONCLUSIONS Female partners play a central and comprehensive support role as well as experience ongoing stress and burden related to survivors' cancer. INTERPRETATION Future research and direct investigation may inform healthcare providers about caring for SMW and their families following breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lee White
- Department of Community Health Sciences in School of Public Health, Boston University in Massachusetts, USA
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Abstract
Sexual minority women, such as lesbians, bisexuals, and women who have a woman partner face unique challenges, such as deciding on disclosing their sexual minority status to health providers. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the perceptions of sexual minority women who were long-term breast cancer survivors. Twenty-two sexual minority women, diagnosed with non-metastatic breast cancer between 2000 and 2005, participated in semi-structured, open-ended interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed to identify emergent themes to summarize sexual minority women's perceptions of breast cancer survivorship. Participants' perceptions about the impact of their sexual minority identity on breast cancer survivorship consisted of: (1) breast cancer is a women's issue, not a lesbian issue; (2) I can manage my identity in the context of breast cancer; and (3) I am better off than heterosexual women. The authors' findings suggest a possible disconnect between sexual minority women with breast cancer who de-emphasized the importance of sexual minority status and the research community that emphasizes the importance of this status. Prior to counting on sexual minority women's interest in studies, researchers may need to educate sexual minority women about the need of breast cancer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Boehmer
- Department of Community HealthSciences, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Crosstown Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Health-related quality of life in breast cancer survivors of different sexual orientations. Qual Life Res 2011; 21:225-36. [PMID: 21660650 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-011-9947-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sexual minority women, e.g., lesbians and bisexuals, are an underserved population but not much is known about their quality of life (QOL) after a breast cancer diagnosis. For this reason, this study examines the physical and mental QOL and its association with sexual orientation in a cohort of long-term nonrecurring breast cancer survivors. METHODS Survivors were recruited from a cancer registry and additional sexual minority survivors through convenience methods. Data were collected via telephone survey from all 438 survivors, who were disease free and diagnosed with nonmetastatic breast cancer an average of 5 years earlier. Sexual orientation was the primary independent factor, and QOL, measured with the SF-12, was the outcome. Demographic and clinical factors were considered as correlates. RESULTS Sexual orientation was not significantly associated with survivors' physical or mental QOL. The majority of survivors reported good physical and mental QOL. The demographic and clinical factors explained about one-third of the variation in survivors' physical QOL, but did not account for most of survivors' mental QOL. CONCLUSIONS The lack of an association between sexual orientation and QOL suggests that if there is a link, it does not relate directly to clinical and demographic factors. Future studies need to identify areas of similarity and difference between sexual minority and heterosexual survivors and mechanisms to explain the similarity in QOL.
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Abstract
Feminist scholars and activists writing about breast cancer care among women have highlighted the sexist and heterosexist assumptions often embedded in the medical management of breast cancer, and of mastectomy in particular. Despite these contributions, and some speculation that sexual minority women may be less interested in breast reconstruction, limited research explores sexual minority women’s lived experience of mastectomy and decision making about reconstruction. Thirteen lesbian and/or bisexual women who had undergone mastectomy for treatment of breast cancer participated in individual qualitative interviews exploring decisions to have, or not have, breast reconstruction. Reasons for/against reconstruction reflected themes identified in prior studies among heterosexual women. Although participants described sexual, gender, and political identities and orientations as influences on their decision making, for most participants, experiences with physicians who encouraged reconstruction and concerns about stigmatization of illness in romantic, professional, and social contexts were also central. Findings are interpreted through feminist dis/ability, medicalization, and existential frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa R. Rubin
- Department of Psychology, The New School for Social Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Molly Tanenbaum
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
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Jabson JM, Donatelle RJ, Bowen D. Breast cancer survivorship: the role of perceived discrimination and sexual orientation. J Cancer Surviv 2010; 5:92-101. [PMID: 21165708 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-010-0161-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer disproportionately affects sexual minority women (SMW) compared to heterosexual women and a small but growing literature indicates that SMW may have diminished survivorship outcomes; outcomes that are measurably and importantly different from heterosexual breast cancer survivors. However, it remains unknown how sexual orientation influences breast cancer survivorship outcomes such as quality of life. One possible route of influence is SMW's perceived discrimination in the health care setting. This cross-sectional study examines SMW perceptions of discrimination as one of the multiple facets of the breast cancer survivorship process. This study assessed SMW breast cancer survivor's perceptions of discrimination during their breast cancer treatment experience and secondarily, examined the role of this perceived discrimination on SMW's quality of life. Sixty-eight purposefully sampled sexual minority breast cancer survivors completed assessments of quality of life, perceived discrimination, perceived social support and perceived stress via an online survey. Statistical analyses point to perceived discrimination and perceived social support as important indicators for predicting SMW's quality of life. Future research on SMW's breast cancer survivorship should include measures of perceived discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Jabson
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Crosstown Center, 4th floor, Rm 441D, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Fobair P, Stearns NN, Christ G, Dozier-Hall D, Newman NW, Zabora J, Schnipper HH, Kennedy V, Loscalzo M, Stensland SM, Hedlund S, Lauria MM, Fife M, Herschl J, Marcusen CP, Vaitones V, Brintzenhofeszoc K, Walsh K, Lawson K, Desonier M. Historical threads in the development of oncology social work. J Psychosoc Oncol 2009; 27:155-215. [PMID: 19337929 DOI: 10.1080/07347330902775301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
As the Association of Oncology Social Work celebrates its 25th year, we pause to reflect on the many historical threads that contributed to its development and hear from each of the presidents who helped create the organization, as we know it today. Set within hospitals, medical social work was born in the early 20th century. In the 1940s medical social work became necessary for hospital accreditation. Two additional historical shifts, one in medical improvements in treating cancer, the other a shift to a consumer-oriented American Cancer Society, contributed to the push for a greater role for the federal government in funding cancer research. Oncology social work came to full blossom in the 1970s, a result of the physicians' need for a member of the health care team who understood cancer, its treatment, and the patient's need to address his or her psychosocial needs resulting from cancer. Today, oncology social work is a fully developed profession with a national organization providing education and support to oncology social workers' in their use of psychosocial interventions and research in behalf of cancer patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Fobair
- Stanford University Hospital, Cancer Center, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Walden EL. An exploration of the experience of lesbians with chronic illness. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2009; 56:548-574. [PMID: 19591033 DOI: 10.1080/00918360903005220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An exploration of the challenges facing lesbians with chronic conditions and their coping strategies was investigated by examining the experiences of participants who were clients of a volunteer organization serving chronically ill lesbians. This article reports the results associated with those challenges, with its ultimate goal being and to assess the effectiveness of current services. Using the participant observation method, as employed by O'Toole (2000), the analysis was based on multiple data sources and 10 years experience within the volunteer organization, including 3 years in direct client support. A qualitative method served as the primary focus for the study. The quantitative method preceded the qualitative method and provided limited supporting data. The total number of participants included all past and current clients, but the number participating in each data source varied. Qualitative sources included archival structured interviews (n = 69), taped interviews (n = 5-6), and extensive comments written in response to the quantitative surveys (n = 14). The quantitative measures (n = 14) included the researcher-developed Chronic Conditions Challenges Checklist (C4) and the Short Form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire ([SF-MPQ]; Melzack, 1998). A content analysis of all data sources found a number of challenges that met the criteria of being identified in at least two data sources and across multiple participants. Challenges included those related to the disease process (i.e., pain, fatigue, and decreases in mobility) to impacts of the condition (financial security, ability to participate, support from family of origin and independence, loneliness, and issues related to mental health). Challenges were discussed in terms of those that are similar to and different from other women suffering from chronic illness, as well as their relevance to related literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Walden
- Department of Social sciences, University of Houston-Downtown, 1 Main Street, Houston, TX 77002, USA.
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