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Terzieva A, Alexandrova M, Manchorova D, Slavov S, Djerov L, Dimova T. HLA-G Expression/Secretion and T-Cell Cytotoxicity in Missed Abortion in Comparison to Normal Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2643. [PMID: 38473890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The main role of HLA-G is to protect the semi-allogeneic embryo from immune rejection by proper interaction with its cognate receptors on the maternal immune cells. Spontaneous abortion is the most common adverse pregnancy outcome, with an incidence rate between 10% and 15%, with immunologic dysregulation being thought to play a role in some of the cases. In this study, we aimed to detect the membrane and soluble HLA-G molecule at the maternal-fetal interface (MFI) and in the serum of women experiencing missed abortion (asymptomatic early pregnancy loss) in comparison to the women experiencing normal early pregnancy. In addition, the proportion of T cells and their cytotoxic profile was evaluated. We observed no difference in the spatial expression of HLA-G at the MFI and in its serum levels between the women with missed abortions and those with normal early pregnancy. In addition, comparable numbers of peripheral blood and decidual total T and γδT cells were found. In addition, as novel data we showed that missed abortion is not associated with altered extravilous invasion into uterine blood vessels and increased cytotoxicity of γδT cells. A strong signal for HLA-G on non-migrating extravilous trophoblast in the full-term normal placental bed was detected. In conclusion, HLA-G production at the MFI or in the blood of the women could not be used as a marker for normal pregnancy or missed abortions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Terzieva
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction "Acad. Kiril Bratanov", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Marina Alexandrova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction "Acad. Kiril Bratanov", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Diana Manchorova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction "Acad. Kiril Bratanov", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sergei Slavov
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Medical University, University Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital "Maichin Dom", 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lyubomir Djerov
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Medical University, University Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital "Maichin Dom", 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tanya Dimova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction "Acad. Kiril Bratanov", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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2
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Ismail NI. Relative expression of receptors in uterine natural killer cells compared to peripheral blood natural killer cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1166451. [PMID: 37051244 PMCID: PMC10083503 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One would expect maternal immune cells to attack the invading trophoblast as the placenta is semi-allogenic. However, they appear to cooperate with the trophoblast in disrupting the arterial wall which has been determined in several studies. uNK cells are a particular type of immune cell that appears to play a role in pregnancy. As in pregnancy, the key contributors to trophoblast invasion appear to be a unique combination of genes, which appear to regulate multiple components of the interactions between placental and maternal cells, called HLA class 1b genes. The HLA class 1b genes have few alleles, which makes them unlikely to be recognized as foreign by the maternal cells. The low polymorphic properties of these particular HLAs may aid trophoblasts in actively avoiding immune attacks. This review gives a complete description of the mechanisms of interaction between HLAs and maternal uNK cells in humans.
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Radwan P, Tarnowska A, Piekarska K, Wiśniewski A, Krasiński R, Radwan M, Nowak I. The impact of soluble HLA-G in IVF/ICSI embryo culture medium on implantation success. Front Immunol 2022; 13:982518. [PMID: 36505440 PMCID: PMC9730522 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.982518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The HLA-G molecule is widely accepted as an important factor for pregnancy success. Its expression has been detected in the extravillous trophoblasts. Soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) was found in the genital tract, pre-implanted embryos as well as in seminal fluid. In this study, we investigated the concentration of sHLA-G (sHLA-G1 and sHLA-G5) in media from 344 single cultured embryos following in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI). The level of sHLA-G (U/ml) was tested with a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. We correlated sHLA-G secretion with ovarian stimulation protocols, the type of embryo transfer (fresh or frozen cycle) and the quality of the embryos. The ovarian stimulation protocol affects the secretion of sHLA-G by the embryo. Embryos obtained from the long agonist protocol secreted more sHLA-G than those originating from the short antagonist protocol (p = 0.0001). Embryos whose transfer resulted in a clinical pregnancy and/or live birth secreted more sHLA-G compared to those whose transfer ended without pregnancy. This was particularly observable in embryos following the long ovarian stimulation protocol and from a frozen embryo cycle. In conclusion, sHLA-G secreted by the embryo has an impact on implantation and live birth and could be a developmental potential marker of the embryo. Its concentration depends on the ovarian stimulation protocol used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Radwan
- Gameta Hospital, Department of Reproductive Medicine, Rzgów, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Tarnowska
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Clinical Immunology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Karolina Piekarska
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Clinical Immunology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wiśniewski
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Clinical Immunology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rafał Krasiński
- Gameta Hospital, Department of Reproductive Medicine, Rzgów, Poland
| | - Michał Radwan
- Gameta Hospital, Department of Reproductive Medicine, Rzgów, Poland
| | - Izabela Nowak
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Clinical Immunology, Wrocław, Poland,*Correspondence: Izabela Nowak,
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Variation of Complement Protein Levels in Maternal Plasma and Umbilical Cord Blood during Normal Pregnancy: An Observational Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133611. [PMID: 35806894 PMCID: PMC9267899 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement system constitutes a crucial part of the innate immunity, mediating opsonization, lysis, inflammation, and elimination of potential pathogens. In general, there is an increased activity of the complement system during pregnancy, which is essential for maintaining the host’s defense and fetal survival. Unbalanced or excessive activation of the complement system in the placenta is associated with pregnancy complications, such as miscarriage, preeclampsia, and premature birth. Nonetheless, the actual clinical value of monitoring the activation of the complement system during pregnancy remains to be investigated. Unfortunately, normal reference values specifically for pregnant women are missing, and for umbilical cord blood (UCB), data on complement protein levels are scarce. Herein, complement protein analyses (C1q, C3, C4, C3d levels, and C3d/C3 ratio) were performed in plasma samples from 100 healthy, non-medicated and non-smoking pregnant women, collected during different trimesters and at the time of delivery. In addition, UCB was collected at all deliveries. Maternal plasma C1q and C3d/C3 ratio showed the highest mean values during the first trimester, whereas C3, C4, and C3d had rising values until delivery. We observed low levels of C1q and C4 as well as increased C3d and C3d/C3 ratio, particularly during the first trimester, as a sign of complement activation in some women. However, the reference limits of complement analyses applied for the general population appeared appropriate for the majority of the samples. As expected, the mean complement concentrations in UCB were much lower than in maternal plasma, due to the immature complement system in neonates.
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Papúchová H, Saxtorph MH, Hallager T, Jepsen IE, Eriksen JO, Persson G, Funck T, Weisdorf I, Macklon NS, Larsen LG, Hviid TVF. Endometrial HLA-F expression is influenced by genotypes and correlates differently with immune cell infiltration in IVF and recurrent implantation failure patients. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:1816-1834. [PMID: 35689445 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-F protein expressed in mid-secretory endometrium, and are its expression levels influenced by HLA-F gene polymorphisms and correlated with the abundance of uterine natural killer (uNK) cells and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages? SUMMARY ANSWER HLA-F protein is expressed in mid-secretory endometrium, and levels are correlated with immune cell infiltration, plasma progesterone concentrations and HLA-F single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), however, women experiencing recurrent implantation failure (RIF) show differences when compared to women attending their first IVF treatment. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The immunomodulatory HLA class Ib molecules HLA-G and HLA-F are expressed on the extravillous trophoblast cells and interact with receptors on maternal immune cells. Little is known regarding HLA-F expression in endometrial stroma and HLA-F function; furthermore, HLA-F and HLA-G SNP genotypes and haplotypes have been correlated with differences in time-to-pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Primary endometrial stromal cell (ESC) cultures (n = 5) were established from endometrial biopsies from women attending IVF treatment at a fertility clinic. Basic HLA-F and HLA-G protein expression by the ESCs were investigated. A prospective controlled cohort study was performed including 85 women with a history of RIF and 36 control women beginning their first fertility treatment and with no history of RIF. In some analyses, the RIF group was divided into unknown cause, male infertility, female infertility, and both female and male infertility. Endometrial biopsies and blood samples were obtained the day equivalent to embryo transfer in a hormone-substituted cycle. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS HLA protein expression by ESCs was characterized using flow cytometry and western blot. In the cohort study, the specific immune markers HLA-F and HLA-G, CD56 and CD16 (NK cells), CD163 (M2 macrophages), FOXP3 (regulatory T cells) and CD138 (plasma cells) were analysed by immunohistochemistry and a digital image analysis system in endometrial biopsies. Endometrial receptivity was assessed by an endometrial receptivity array test (the ERA® test). Endometrial biopsies were examined according to modified Noyes' criteria. SNPs at the HLA-F gene and HLA-G haplotypes were determined. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE HLA-F protein is expressed in the endometrium at the time of implantation. Furthermore, the HLA-F protein levels were different according to the womeńs HLA-F SNP genotypes and diplotypes, which have previously been correlated with differences in time-to-pregnancy. Endometrial HLA-F was positively correlated with anti-inflammatory CD163+ M2 macrophage infiltration and CD56+ uNK cell abundance for the entire cohort. However, this was not the case for CD56+ in the female infertility RIF subgroup. HLA-F levels in the endometrial stroma were negatively correlated with plasma progesterone concentrations in the RIF subgroup with known female infertility. Conversely, HLA-F and progesterone were positively correlated in the RIF subgroup with infertility of the male partner and no infertility diagnosis of the woman indicating interconnections between progesterone, HLA-F and immune cell infiltration. Glandular sHLA-G expression was also positively correlated with uNK cell abundance in the RIF subgroup with no female infertility but negatively correlated in the RIF subgroup with a female infertility diagnosis. LARGE SCALE DATA Immunohistochemistry analyses of endometrial biopsies and DNA sequencing of HLA genes. Data will be shared upon reasonable request to the corresponding author. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The control group of women attending their first IVF treatment had an anticipated good prognosis but was not proven fertile. A significant age difference between the RIF group and the IVF group reflects the longer treatment period for women with a history of RIF. The standardization of hormonal endometrial preparation, which allowed consistent timing of endometrial and blood sampling, might be a strength because a more uniform hormonal background may more clearly show an influence on the immune marker profile and HLA class Ib levels in the endometrium by other factors, for example genetic polymorphisms. However, the immune marker profile might be different during a normal cycle. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The findings further highlight the importance of HLA-F and HLA-G at the implantation site and in early pregnancy for pregnancy success. Diagnostic measures and modulation of the complex interactions between HLA class Ib molecules, maternal immune cells and hormonal factors may have potential to improve fertility treatment. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the Region Zealand Health Sciences Research Foundation and the Zealand University Hospital through the ReproHealth Research Consortium ZUH. The authors declared there are no conflicts of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrieta Papúchová
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology (CIRRI), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Malene Hviid Saxtorph
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Fertility Clinic, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Trine Hallager
- The ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark.,Department of Pathology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ida E Jepsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Fertility Clinic, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Jens O Eriksen
- The ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark.,Department of Pathology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Gry Persson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology (CIRRI), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Tina Funck
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology (CIRRI), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Iben Weisdorf
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology (CIRRI), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Nicholas S Macklon
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Fertility Clinic, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark.,London Women's Clinic, London, UK
| | - Lise Grupe Larsen
- The ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark.,Department of Pathology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thomas Vauvert F Hviid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology (CIRRI), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark
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6
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Alexandrova M, Manchorova D, Dimova T. Immunity at maternal-fetal interface: KIR/HLA (Allo)recognition. Immunol Rev 2022; 308:55-76. [PMID: 35610960 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Both KIR and HLA are the most variable gene families in the human genome. The recognition of the semi-allogeneic embryo-derived trophoblasts by maternal decidual NK (dNK) cells is essential for the establishment of the functional placenta. This recognition is based on the KIR-HLA interactions and trophoblast expresses a specific HLA profile that constitutes classical polymorphic HLA-C and non-classical oligomorphic HLA-E, HLA-F, and HLA-G molecules. This review highlights some features of the KIR/HLA-C (allo)recognition by decidual NK (dNK) cells as a main immune cell population specifically enriched at maternal-fetal interface during human early pregnancy. How KIR/HLA-C axis operates in pregnancy disorders and in the context of transplacental infections is discussed as well. We summarized old and new data on dNK-cell functional plasticity, their selective expression of KIR and fetal maternal/paternal HLA-C haplotypes present. Results showed that KIR-HLA-C combinations and the corresponding axis operate differently in each pregnancy, determined by the variability of both maternal KIR haplotypes and fetus' maternal/paternal HLA-C allotype combinations. Moreover, the maturation of NK cells strongly depends on if or not HLA allotypes for certain KIR are present. We suggest that the unique KIR/HLA combinations reached in each pregnancy (normal and pathological) should be studied according to well-defined guidelines and unified methodologies to have comparable results ease to interpret and use in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Alexandrova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Diana Manchorova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tanya Dimova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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7
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Dietz S, Schwarz J, Velic A, González-Menéndez I, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Casadei N, Marmé A, Poets CF, Gille C, Köstlin-Gille N. Human Leucocyte Antigen G and Murine Qa-2 Are Critical for Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cell Expansion and Activation and for Successful Pregnancy Outcome. Front Immunol 2022; 12:787468. [PMID: 35111157 PMCID: PMC8801456 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.787468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, maternal immune system has to balance tightly between protection against pathogens and tolerance towards a semi-allogeneic organism. Dysfunction of this immune adaptation can lead to severe complications such as pregnancy loss, preeclampsia or fetal growth restriction. In the present study we analyzed the impact of the murine MHC class Ib molecule Qa-2 on pregnancy outcome in vivo. We demonstrate that lack of Qa-2 led to intrauterine growth restriction and increased abortion rates especially in late pregnancy accompanied by a disturbed trophoblast invasion and altered spiral artery remodeling as well as protein aggregation in trophoblast cells indicating a preeclampsia-like phenotype. Furthermore, lack of Qa-2 caused imbalanced immunological adaptation to pregnancy with altered immune cell and especially T-cell homeostasis, reduced Treg numbers and decreased accumulation and functional activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Lastly, we show that application of sHLA-G reduced abortion rates in Qa-2 deficient mice by inducing MDSC. Our results highlight the importance of an interaction between HLA-G and MDSC for pregnancy success and the therapeutic potential of HLA-G for treatment of immunological pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Dietz
- Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Julian Schwarz
- Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ana Velic
- Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Proteome Center Tuebingen (PCT), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Nicolas Casadei
- Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Competence Center Tuebingen (NCCT), Tuebingen, Germany; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Marmé
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Practice, Am Lustnauer Tor, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian F Poets
- Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Gille
- Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Natascha Köstlin-Gille
- Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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8
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Piekarska K, Radwan P, Tarnowska A, Wiśniewski A, Krasiński R, Radwan M, Wilczyński JR, Malinowski A, Nowak I. The Association of HLA-G Gene Polymorphism and Its Soluble Form With Male Infertility. Front Immunol 2022; 12:791399. [PMID: 35111159 PMCID: PMC8801424 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful reproduction depends on many factors. Male factors contribute to infertility in approximately 50% of couples who fail to conceive. Seminal plasma consists of secretions from different accessory glands containing a mixture of various cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, which together can induce a local immune response that might impact on a male’s as well as a female’s fertility. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G expression has been suggested as an immunomodulatory molecule that influences pregnancy outcome. The HLA-G gene encodes either membrane-bound or/and soluble proteins. The aim of this study was the evaluation of HLA-G polymorphisms and their impact on soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) production. We tested the HLA-G polymorphism in three positions: rs1632947: c.-964G>A; rs1233334: c.-725G>C/T in the promoter region; rs371194629: c.∗65_∗66insATTTGTTCATGCCT in the 3′ untranslated region. We tested two cohorts of men: 663 who participated in in vitro fertilization (test material was blood or sperm), and 320 fertile controls who possessed children born after natural conception (test material was blood). Since 50% of men visiting assisted reproductive clinics have abnormal semen parameters, we wondered if men with normal sperm parameters differ from those with abnormal parameters in terms of HLA-G polymorphism and secretion of sHLA-G into semen. We found that certain rs1632947-rs1233334-rs371194629 HLA-G haplotypes and diplotypes were associated with male infertility, while others were protective. Normozoospermic men with the A-C-del haplotype and A-C-del/A-C-del diplotype secreted the most sHLA-G into semen (574.1 IU/mL and 1047.0 IU/mL, respectively), while those with the G-C-ins haplotype and G-C-ins/G-C-ins diplotype – the least (80.8 IU/mL and 75.7 IU/mL, respectively). Men with the remaining haplotypes/diplotypes secreted sHLA-G at an intermediate level. However, only in one haplotype, namely G-C-ins, did we observe strong significant differences in the concentration of sHLA-G in the semen of men with teratozoospermia compared to men with normal sperm parameters (p = 0.009). In conclusion, fertile men differ in the profile of HLA-G polymorphism from men participating in IVF. Among all HLA-G haplotypes, the most unfavorable for male fertility is the G-C-ins haplotype, which determines the secretion of the lowest concentration of the soluble HLA-G molecule. This haplotype may reduce sperm parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Piekarska
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paweł Radwan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Gameta Hospital, Rzgów, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Tarnowska
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wiśniewski
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rafał Krasiński
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Gameta Hospital, Rzgów, Poland
| | - Michał Radwan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Gameta Hospital, Rzgów, Poland.,Faculty of Health Sciences, The State University of Applied Sciences in Płock, Płock, Poland
| | - Jacek R Wilczyński
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Gynecology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Andrzej Malinowski
- Department of Surgical, Endoscopic and Oncologic Gynecology, Polish Mothers' Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, Łódź, Poland
| | - Izabela Nowak
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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9
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OUP accepted manuscript. Hum Reprod Update 2022; 28:435-454. [DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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10
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Li P, Wang N, Zhang Y, Wang C, Du L. HLA-G/sHLA-G and HLA-G-Bearing Extracellular Vesicles in Cancers: Potential Role as Biomarkers. Front Immunol 2021; 12:791535. [PMID: 34868081 PMCID: PMC8636042 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As a non-classic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule, human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) is expressed in fetal-maternal interface and immunoprivileged site only in healthy condition, and in pathological conditions such as cancer, it can be de novo expressed. It is now widely accepted that HLA-G is a key molecule in the process of immune escape of cancer cells, which is ubiquitously expressed in the tumor environment. This raises the possibility that it may play an adverse role in tumor immunity. The expression level of HLA-G has been demonstrated to be highly correlated with clinical parameters in many tumors, and its potential significance in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer has been postulated. However, because HLA-G itself has up to seven different subtypes, and for some subtypes, detected antibodies are few or absent, it is hard to evaluate the actual expression of HLA-G in tumors. In the present work, we described (a) the structure and three main forms of HLA-G, (b) summarized the mechanism of HLA-G in the immune escape of tumor cells, (c) discussed the potential role of HLA-G as a tumor marker, and reviewed (d) the methods for detecting and quantifying HLA-G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker Detection , Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker Detection , Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan, China
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker Detection , Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan, China
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Madduru D, Dirsipam K, Goli M, Ramana Devi V, Jahan P. Association of reduced maternal sHLA-G5 isoform levels and elevated TNF-α/IL-4 cytokine ratio with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A study on South Indian women. Scand J Immunol 2021; 94:e13095. [PMID: 34780078 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is of critical importance in successful implantation during pregnancy. However, the establishment of maternal immune tolerance towards semi-allograft foetus is more exigent and is achieved predominantly by human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) isoforms with a special emphasis on soluble HLA-G5 (sHLA-G5). Constant inflammation and lack of resolution by anti-inflammatory milieu, due to aberrant expression of critical immunoregulatory molecules such as sHLA-G5 and dysfunctional T helper cells 1 and 2 (Th1-Th2) cytokine shift, can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes including recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Serum samples of 270 pregnant women (135 healthy parous and 135 with a history of RPL) were evaluated for the concentrations of sHLA-G5, interleukin-4 (IL-4) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and found elevated levels of sHLA-G5 and IL-4 in controls and higher TNF-α levels and TNF-α:IL-4 ratio in patients (P < .05). Stratified data analysis based on the time of sample collection, that is the first and second trimesters exhibited higher sHLA-G5 and IL-4 in both first and second trimesters in controls than patients, while they displayed lower levels concerning TNF-α and TNF-α:IL-4 ratio (P < .05). However, within patients and controls in the first or second trimesters, there was a significant variation concerning sHLA-G5 alone. Further, the outcome of pregnancies studied in the present investigation revealed a significant elevation in sHLA-G5 levels among women with successful pregnancies compared with women who experienced pregnancy loss, therefore, concluding the potential application of sHLA-G5 isoform as a marker in assisting improved pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhatri Madduru
- Department of Biochemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kethora Dirsipam
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Mahalakshmi Goli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Parveen Jahan
- School of Sciences, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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12
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Vani V, Vasan SS, Adiga SK, Varsha SR, Sachdeva G, Kumar P, Seshagiri PB. Soluble human leukocyte antigen-G is a potential embryo viability biomarker and a positive predictor of live-births in humans. Am J Reprod Immunol 2021; 86:e13499. [PMID: 34766406 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Human infertility affects 15-20% of reproductive-age couples and it is mitigated by assisted reproductive technology (ART) approaches. Poor biological viability of embryos contributes to implantation failure and live birth rate (LBR). This study is aimed to examine whether or not embryo-secreted soluble human leukocyte antigen-G (sHLA-G) is (i) associated with developing embryos and (ii) able to predict successful pregnancy outcome. METHOD OF STUDY A retrospective, multicentric study using 539 human embryo spent medium samples (E-SMs), analysed for sHLA-G levels by ELISA. Correlation analysis was performed on sHLA-G levels with developing embryonic stages, their quality scores and pregnancy outcome in terms of LBR. RESULTS Of 539 E-SMs analysed, 445 had detectable sHLA-G (83%) with levels varying within and across clinics and, between stages of embryonic development. Levels of sHLA-G (ng/mL) were significantly (P < .05) different in E-SMs of cleavage-stage embryos versus blastocysts. There was an insignificant correlation between the sHLA-G levels and morphology scores of embryos. But, sHLA-G levels showed a positive correlation with grades of blastocysts and importantly, its levels were significantly (P < .05) higher in live-birth vis-a-vis no-birth cases. Also, levels were higher in live-births out of blastocysts-ETs versus cleavage-stage-embryo transfers. Altered levels were observed with embryos, which resulted in miscarriages. Overall, a significant (P < .0001) association of sHLA-G with live births was observed. CONCLUSION Embryo-derived sHLA-G can be a valuable embryo viability, independent, biomarker, which can predict live-birth outcome and it could be useful as an adjunct to existing criteria for elective single embryo transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatappa Vani
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Sir C.V. Raman Road, Bangalore, India
| | - Satya S Vasan
- Manipal Ankur Andrology & Reproductive Services, Bangalore, India
| | - Satish K Adiga
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India
| | | | | | - Pratap Kumar
- Department of Reproductive Medicine & Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India
| | - Polani B Seshagiri
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Sir C.V. Raman Road, Bangalore, India
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13
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Manzo G. Specific and Aspecific Molecular Checkpoints as Potential Targets for Dismantling Tumor Hierarchy and Preventing Relapse and Metastasis Through Shielded Cytolytic Treatments. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:665321. [PMID: 34295890 PMCID: PMC8291084 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.665321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
I have recently theorized that several similarities exist between the tumor process and embryo development. Starting from an initial cancer stem cell (CSC0), similar to an embryonic stem cell (ESC), after implantation in a niche, primary self-renewing CSCs (CSC1s) would arise, which then generate secondary proliferating CSCs (CSC2s). From these epithelial CSCs, tertiary mesenchymal CSCs (CSC3s) would arise, which, under favorable stereotrophic conditions, by asymmetric proliferation, would generate cancer progenitor cells (CPCs) and then cancer differentiated cells (CDCs), thus giving a defined cell heterogeneity and hierarchy. CSC1s-CSC2s-CSC3s-CPCs-CDCs would constitute a defined "tumor growth module," able to generate new tumor modules, forming a spherical avascular mass, similar to a tumor sphere. Further growth in situ of this initial tumor would require implantation in the host and vascularization through the overexpression of some aspecific checkpoint molecules, such as CD44, ID, LIF, HSP70, and HLA-G. To expand and spread in the host tissues, this vascularized tumor would then carry on a real growth strategy based on other specific checkpoint factors, such as those contained in the extracellular vesicles (EVs), namely, microRNAs, messenger RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and integrins. These EV components would be crucial in tumor progression because they can mediate intercellular communications in the surrounding microenvironment and systemically, dictating to recipient cells a new tumor-enslaved phenotype, thus determining pre-metastatic conditions. Moreover, by their induction properties, the EV contents could also frustrate in time the effects of cytolytic tumor therapies, where EVs released by killed CSCs might enter other cancer and non-cancer cells, thus giving chemoresistance, non-CSC/CSC transition (recurrence), and metastasis. Thus, antitumor cytotoxic treatments, "shielded" from the EV-specific checkpoints by suitable adjuvant agents, simultaneously targeting the aforesaid aspecific checkpoints should be necessary for dismantling the hierarchic tumor structure, avoiding recurrence and preventing metastasis.
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14
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Chen P, Huang C, Sun Q, Zhong H, Xiong F, Liu S, Yao Z, Liu Z, Wan C, Zeng Y, Diao L. Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor in Single Blastocyst Conditioned Medium as a Biomarker for Predicting Implantation Outcome of Embryo. Front Immunol 2021; 12:679839. [PMID: 34276668 PMCID: PMC8278135 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.679839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is highly desirable to develop new strategies based on secretomics to more accurately selection of embryos with the highest developmental potential for transfer. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been reported to promote embryo development and pregnancy establishment. However, the predictive value of GM-CSF in single blastocyst selection remains unclear. This study is to determine the concentration of GM-CSF in human single-blastocyst conditioned medium (SBCM) and to evaluate its association with embryo quality and pregnancy outcome. Methods The patients with ≤38 years of age receiving the first cycle of assisted reproductive therapy were included in this study. The patients who had <4 top-quality embryos formed by the fertilized two pronuclear zygotes on day 3 were excluded. A total of 126 SBCM samples (SBCMs) were included, of which blastocysts from 77 SBCMs were later transferred in subsequent frozen-thawed embryo transfer. The concentrations of GM-CSF were detected by single-molecule array (SIMOA) and analyzed for their possible association with embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes. The top-quality embryo (TQ), positive HCG (HP), clinical pregnancy (CP), and ongoing pregnancy (OP) rates were determined and compared between groups divided based on GM-CSF concentrations. Results The detection rate of GM-CSF was found to be 50% in all SBCMs. There were significant differences in TQ rate, HP rate, CP rate and OP rate among high concentration group, medium concentration group and low concentration group. Both GM-CSF alone or GM-CSF combined with the morphological score (MS) had a greater AUC of ROC curve than that of MS alone to predict the pregnancy outcome, and GM-CSF combined with MS had the highest AUC. Conclusions The concentration of GM-CSF in SBCM was detected at fg/ml levels, which was associated with embryo quality and pregnancy outcome. Collectively, GM-CSF may be used as a biomarker for prediction of pregnancy outcome and selection of embryos with high developmental potential for transfer in assisted reproductive technology (ART).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunyu Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qing Sun
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huixian Zhong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Su Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihong Yao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Caiyun Wan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lianghui Diao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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15
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Grzywa TM, Nowis D, Golab J. The role of CD71 + erythroid cells in the regulation of the immune response. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 228:107927. [PMID: 34171326 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Complex regulation of the immune response is necessary to support effective defense of an organism against hostile invaders and to maintain tolerance to harmless microorganisms and autoantigens. Recent studies revealed previously unappreciated roles of CD71+ erythroid cells (CECs) in regulation of the immune response. CECs physiologically reside in the bone marrow where erythropoiesis takes place. Under stress conditions, CECs are enriched in some organs outside of the bone marrow as a result of extramedullary erythropoiesis. However, the role of CECs goes well beyond the production of erythrocytes. In neonates, increased numbers of CECs contribute to their vulnerability to infectious diseases. On the other side, neonatal CECs suppress activation of immune cells in response to abrupt colonization with commensal microorganisms after delivery. CECs are also enriched in the peripheral blood of pregnant women as well as in the placenta and are responsible for the regulation of feto-maternal tolerance. In patients with cancer, anemia leads to increased frequency of CECs in the peripheral blood contributing to diminished antiviral and antibacterial immunity, as well as to accelerated cancer progression. Moreover, recent studies revealed the role of CECs in HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infections. CECs use a full arsenal of mechanisms to regulate immune response. These cells suppress proinflammatory responses of myeloid cells and T-cell proliferation by the depletion of ʟ-arginine by arginase. Moreover, CECs produce reactive oxygen species to decrease T-cell proliferation. CECs also secrete cytokines, including transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), which promotes T-cell differentiation into regulatory T-cells. Here, we comprehensively describe the role of CECs in orchestrating immune response and indicate some therapeutic approaches that might be used to regulate their effector functions in the treatment of human conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz M Grzywa
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nielubowicza 5 Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Zwirki and Wigury 61 Street, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Nielubowicza 5 Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dominika Nowis
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nielubowicza 5 Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Nielubowicza 5 Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jakub Golab
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nielubowicza 5 Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; Centre of Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
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16
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Persson G, Stæhr CS, Klok FS, Lebech M, Hviid TVF. Evidence for a shift in placental HLA-G allelic dominance and the HLA-G isoform profile during a healthy pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:846-858. [PMID: 34159362 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G is a non-classical class Ib major expressed by placental trophoblast cells plays a central role in establishing tolerance to the semi-allogeneic fetus and in placentation. HLA-G exists in different soluble or membrane-bound isoforms. Pre-eclampsia, a major cause of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality, has been linked to insufficient placentation and an altered immune response in pregnancy, including altered HLA-G expression. The 14 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in the 3' untranslated region of the gene and the isoform profile may affect HLA-G expression. The aim of the current pilot study was to characterize the expression patterns of HLAG mRNA, protein and isoform profile in uncomplicated term pregnancies and in cases of pre-eclampsia. Maternal sHLA-G mRNA and protein levels was slightly reduced in pre-eclampsia. No difference was found for placental blood, and no correlation between peripheral and placental sHLA-G levels was found. We observed no association between neither fetal nor maternal HLA-G 14 bp insertion/deletion genotypes and pre-eclampsia, nor a significant difference in isoform profiles. However, in HLA-G 14 bp insertion/deletion heterozygous placental samples, we observed abundant HLA-G1 14 bp insertion allele expression in the term placentae, which is contrary to previous findings in first trimester trophoblast. Increased HLA-G1 14 bp insertion allele expression in the placenta was associated with reduced levels of placental sHLA-G and an altered isoform profile with increased relative levels of HLA-G1 and -G5 and reduced levels of HLA-G3. The results indicate that an allelic shift in heterozygous individuals could represent a novel regulatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gry Persson
- Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology (CIRRI), Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The ReproHealth Research Consortium ZUH, Zealand University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina Seefeldt Stæhr
- Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology (CIRRI), Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The ReproHealth Research Consortium ZUH, Zealand University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Freja Syrach Klok
- Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology (CIRRI), Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The ReproHealth Research Consortium ZUH, Zealand University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Lebech
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The ReproHealth Research Consortium ZUH, Zealand University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Vauvert F Hviid
- Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology (CIRRI), Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The ReproHealth Research Consortium ZUH, Zealand University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Aftabsavad S, Noormohammadi Z, Moini A, Karimipoor M. Effect of bisphenol A on alterations of ICAM-1 and HLA-G genes expression and DNA methylation profiles in cumulus cells of infertile women with poor response to ovarian stimulation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9595. [PMID: 33953208 PMCID: PMC8099902 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between follicular fluid Bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations with alterations of ICAM-1 and HLA-G genes and proteins expression as well as methylation profiles in the cumulus cells of poor ovarian response (POR) women based on their healthy lifestyle habit. Eighty women under the age of 35 were divided into two groups: 1-POR without using plastic containers (n = 40) and 2-POR with using plastic containers (n = 40). The ICAM-1 and HLA-G genes and protein expressions were examined by the quantitative PCR and western blotting technique. The methylation pattern was investigated by the methylation-specific PCR. Total BPA in follicular fluid was measured with high-performance liquid chromatography technique and the detection limit was 1.14 ng/ml. ICAM-1 and HLA-G genes were differentially expressed between the two groups studied. ICAM-1, HLA-G genes, and protein expressions in group 1 were up-regulated compared to the second group (P < 0.05). While DNA methylation status in group 1 were decreased compared to the other group (P < 0.05). The concentration of BPA in the follicular fluid of group 1 was lower compared to the second group (P < 0.05). The oocyte quality and clinical pregnancy ratio showed significantly higher in group 1 than in the other ones (P < 0.05). The alteration of ICAM-1 and HLA-G gene expressions in POR women is probably related to BPA concentration. As a result Lifestyle habits may also affect the methylation pattern and protein levels in the cumulus cells of POR women. Additionally, lifestyle habits may be considered as a marker for ovulation, oocyte maturation, preimplantation, and clinical pregnancy process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Aftabsavad
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Noormohammadi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ashraf Moini
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University Of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Karimipoor
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Coticchio G, Pennetta F, Rizzo R, Tarozzi N, Nadalini M, Orlando G, Centonze C, Gioacchini G, Borini A. Embryo morphokinetic score is associated with biomarkers of developmental competence and implantation. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:1737-1743. [PMID: 33821429 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02162-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To study embryo morphokinetics in relation to release in spent media of molecules with possible roles in development and implantation (miR-20a, miR-30c, and sHLA-G). METHODS Data were obtained from embryos generated in standard IVF and ICSI cycles. The Eeva system was used for embryo assessment, based on early morphokinetic parameters and producing a score (1-5, best-worst) corresponding to higher/medium/lower chances of development to blastocyst. miRNAs - mm miR-20a-5p and miR-30c-5p - and sHLA-G were quantified in 25 μl of spent blastocyst media (SBM) collected before vitrification or transfer. Statistical analyses were performed applying Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk, and Spearman's correlation coefficient tests, where appropriate. RESULTS SBM were collected from a total of 172 viable blastocysts. Their analysis showed that concentration of miR-20a was progressively lower as Eeva score increased and probability of development to blastocyst decreased (P = 0.016). The opposite trend was observed in the case of miR-30c, i.e., concentration was higher as score increased and chances of development to blastocyst decreased (P = 0.004). Analysis of sHLA-G revealed a negative correlation with Eeva score, i.e., levels were progressively lower as Eeva score increased and probability of development to blastocyst decreased (R = - 0.388, N = 141, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that morphokinetic algorithms that predict development to blastocyst stage, in fact, also identify embryos with molecular and cellular profiles more consistent with developmental functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Coticchio
- 9.baby Family and Fertility Center, Via Dante, 15, 40125, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesca Pennetta
- 9.baby Family and Fertility Center, Via Dante, 15, 40125, Bologna, Italy
- Simple Departmental Operative Unit, Reproductive Pathophysiology, Anastasia Guerriero Hospital, Marcianise, Caserta, Italy
| | - Roberta Rizzo
- Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Tarozzi
- 9.baby Family and Fertility Center, Via Dante, 15, 40125, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Nadalini
- 9.baby Family and Fertility Center, Via Dante, 15, 40125, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Giorgia Gioacchini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Borini
- 9.baby Family and Fertility Center, Via Dante, 15, 40125, Bologna, Italy
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19
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Bahrami-Asl Z, Hajipour H, Rastgar Rezaei Y, Novinbahador T, Latifi Z, Nejabati HR, Farzadi L, Fattahi A, Nouri M, Dominguez F. Cytokines in embryonic secretome as potential markers for embryo selection. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 85:e13385. [PMID: 33300214 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite performing certain morphological assessments for selecting the best embryo for transfer, the results have not been satisfactory. Given the global tendency for performing quick and noninvasive tests for embryo selection, great efforts have been made to discover the predictive biomarkers of embryo implantation potential. In recent years, many factors have been detected in embryo culture media as a major source of embryo secretions. Previous studies have evaluated cytokines, miRNAs, extracellular vesicles, and other factors such as leukemia inhibitory factor, colony-stimulating factor, reactive oxygen species, soluble human leukocyte antigen G, amino acids, and apolipoproteins in these media. Given the key role of cytokines in embryo implantation, these factors can be considered promising molecules for predicting the implantation success of assisted reproductive technology (ART). The present study was conducted to review embryo-secreted molecules as potential biomarkers for embryo selection in ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahrami-Asl
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Hajipour
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Rastgar Rezaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tannaz Novinbahador
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Latifi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Laya Farzadi
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Francisco Dominguez
- Fundacion Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (FIVI), Instituto Universitario IVI (IUIVI), ISS LaFe, Valencia, Spain
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20
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Mendes J, Areia AL, Rodrigues-Santos P, Santos-Rosa M, Mota-Pinto A. Innate Lymphoid Cells in Human Pregnancy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:551707. [PMID: 33329512 PMCID: PMC7734178 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.551707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a new set of cells considered to be a part of the innate immune system. ILCs are classified into five subsets (according to their transcription factors and cytokine profile) as natural killer cells (NK cells), group 1 ILCs, group 2 ILCs, group 3 ILCs, and lymphoid tissue inducers (LTi). Functionally, these cells resemble the T helper population but lack the expression of recombinant genes, which is essential for the formation of T cell receptors. In this work, the authors address the distinction between peripheral and decidual NK cells, highlighting their diversity in ILC biology and its relevance to human pregnancy. ILCs are effector cells that are important in promoting immunity, inflammation, and tissue repair. Recent studies have directed their attention to ILC actions in pregnancy. Dysregulation or expansion of pro-inflammatory ILC populations as well as abnormal tolerogenic responses may directly interfere with pregnancy, ultimately resulting in pregnancy loss or adverse outcomes. In this review, we characterize these cells, considering recent findings and addressing knowledge gaps in perinatal medicine in the context of ILC biology. Moreover, we discuss the relevance of these cells not only to the process of immune tolerance, but also in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Mendes
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, General Pathology Institute, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Areia
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, General Pathology Institute, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Obstetrics Department, Coimbra University Hospital Center, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Rodrigues-Santos
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), Institute of Immunology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Laboratory of Immunology and Oncology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel Santos-Rosa
- Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), Institute of Immunology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anabela Mota-Pinto
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, General Pathology Institute, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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21
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Analysis of HLA-G long-read genomic sequences in mother-offspring pairs with preeclampsia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20027. [PMID: 33208885 PMCID: PMC7675977 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-induced disorder that is characterized by hypertension and is a leading cause of perinatal and maternal–fetal morbidity and mortality. HLA-G is thought to play important roles in maternal–fetal immune tolerance, and the associations between HLA-G gene polymorphisms and the onset of pregnancy-related diseases have been explored extensively. Because contiguous genomic sequencing is difficult, the association between the HLA-G genotype and preeclampsia onset is controversial. In this study, genomic sequences of the HLA-G region (5.2 kb) from 31 pairs of mother–offspring genomic DNA samples (18 pairs from normal pregnancies/births and 13 from preeclampsia births) were obtained by single-molecule real-time sequencing using the PacBio RS II platform. The HLA-G alleles identified in our cohort matched seven known HLA-G alleles, but we also identified two new HLA-G alleles at the fourth-field resolution and compared them with nucleotide sequences from a public database that consisted of coding sequences that cover the 3.1-kb HLA-G gene span. Intriguingly, a potential association between preeclampsia onset and the poly T stretch within the downstream region of the HLA-G*01:01:01:01 allele was found. Our study suggests that long-read sequencing of HLA-G will provide clues for characterizing HLA-G variants that are involved in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.
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22
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Jacobsen DP, Lekva T, Moe K, Fjeldstad HES, Johnsen GM, Sugulle M, Staff AC. Pregnancy and postpartum levels of circulating maternal sHLA-G in preeclampsia. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 143:103249. [PMID: 33254097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and offspring mortality and morbidity, and predicts increased future cardiovascular disease risk. Placental dysfunction and immune system dysregulation are likely key pathophysiological factors. Soluble human leukocyte antigen G (sHLA-G) may dampen the specific immune response towards placental trophoblasts. Previous studies have shown low sHLA-G levels in preeclampsia, but postpartum, levels are unknown. Furthermore, the relationship between sHLA-G and sFlt-1 and PlGF, placental function markers, is unknown. We hypothesized that low maternal sHLA-G during pregnancy would be associated with placental dysfunction, including preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and dysregulated sFlt-1 and PlGF, and that sHLA-G would remain decreased following preeclampsia. We included 316 pregnant women: 58 with early-onset preeclampsia (<34 weeks' gestation), 81 with late-onset preeclampsia (≥34 weeks' gestation), 25 with gestational hypertension, and 152 normotensive controls. Postpartum (1 or 3 years), we included 321 women: 29 with early-onset preeclampsia, 98 with late-onset preeclampsia, 57 with gestational hypertension, and 137 who were normotensive during their index pregnancies. In pregnancy, plasma sHLA-G was significantly lower both in the early- and late-onset preeclampsia groups compared to controls. In women with preeclampsia or gestational hypertension, sHLA-G was inversely correlated with serum sFlt-1. Postpartum, plasma sHLA-G levels were significantly higher in women who had had early-onset preeclampsia compared to controls. Our results support that sHLA-G may be important for placental function. Unexpectedly, sHLA-G was elevated up to 3 years after early-onset preeclampsia, suggesting an excessively activated immune system following this severe preeclampsia form, potentially contributing to future cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Jacobsen
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
| | - Tove Lekva
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Kjartan Moe
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bærum Hospital, Vestre Viken HF, Norway
| | - Heidi E S Fjeldstad
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Guro Mørk Johnsen
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Meryam Sugulle
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Cathrine Staff
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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23
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Xu X, Zhou Y, Wei H. Roles of HLA-G in the Maternal-Fetal Immune Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2020; 11:592010. [PMID: 33193435 PMCID: PMC7642459 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.592010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, the maternal uterus and fetus form a special microenvironment at the maternal-fetal interface to support fetal development. Extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs), differentiated from the fetus, invade into the decidua and interact with maternal cells. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G is a non-classical MHC-I molecule that is expressed abundantly and specifically on EVTs in physiological conditions. Soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) is also found in maternal blood, amniotic fluid, and cord blood. The abnormal expression and polymorphisms of HLA-G are related to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preeclampsia (PE) and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Here we summarize current findings about three main roles of HLA-G during pregnancy, namely its promotion of spiral artery remodeling, immune tolerance, and fetal growth, all resulting from its interaction with immune cells. These findings are not only of great significance for the treatment of pregnancy-related diseases but also provide clues to tumor immunology research since HLA-G functions as a checkpoint in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Molecular Medicine, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yonggang Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Molecular Medicine, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Molecular Medicine, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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24
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Bartolucci AF, Peluso JJ. Necessity is the mother of invention and the evolutionary force driving the success of in vitro fertilization. Biol Reprod 2020; 104:255-273. [PMID: 32975285 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last few decades, millions of healthy children have been born with the aid of in vitro fertilization (IVF). This success belies the fact that IVF treatment is comprised of a complex series of interventions starting with a customized control ovarian stimulation protocol. This is followed by the induction of oocyte maturation, the retrieval of mature oocytes and in vitro fertilization, which often involves the microinjection of a single sperm into the oocyte. After fertilization, the resulting embryos are cultured for up to 7 days. The best embryos are transferred into the uterus where the embryo implants and hopefully develops into a healthy child. However, frequently the best embryos are biopsied and frozen. The biopsied cells are analyzed to identify those embryos without chromosomal abnormalities. These embryos are eventually thawed and transferred with pregnancy rates as good if not better than embryos that are not biopsied and transferred in a fresh cycle. Thus, IVF treatment requires the coordinated efforts of physicians, nurses, molecular biologists and embryologists to conduct each of these multifaceted phases in a seamless and flawless manner. Even though complex, IVF treatment may seem routine today, but it was not always the case. In this review the evolution of human IVF is presented as a series of innovations that resolved a technical hurdle in one component of IVF while creating challenges that eventually lead to the next major advancement. This step-by-step evolution in the treatment of human infertility is recounted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison F Bartolucci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Connecticut Health Center.,The Center for Advanced Reproductive Services, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - John J Peluso
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Connecticut Health Center.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
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25
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Nilsson LL, Scheike T, Langkilde CH, Jørgensen N, Hornstrup MB, Perin TL, Funck T, Lindhard A, Hviid TVF. Examining extended human leukocyte antigen-G and HLA-F haplotypes: the HLA-G UTR-4 haplotype is associated with shorter time to pregnancy in an infertility treatment setting when both female and male partners are carriers. Fertil Steril 2020; 114:628-639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Loustau M, Anna F, Dréan R, Lecomte M, Langlade-Demoyen P, Caumartin J. HLA-G Neo-Expression on Tumors. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1685. [PMID: 32922387 PMCID: PMC7456902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA-G is known to modulate the immune system activity in tissues where physiological immune-tolerance is necessary (i.e., maternal-fetal interface, thymus, and cornea). However, the frequent neo-expression of HLA-G in many cancer types has been previously and extensively described and is correlated with a bad prognosis. Despite being an MHC class I molecule, HLA-G is highly present in tumor context and shows unique characteristics of tissue restriction of a Tumor Associated Antigen (TAA), and potent immunosuppressive activity of an Immune CheckPoint (ICP). Consequently, HLA-G appears to be an excellent molecular target for immunotherapy. Although the relevance of HLA-G in cancer incidence and development has been proven in numerous tumors, its neo-expression pattern is still difficult to determine. Indeed, the estimation of HLA-G's actual expression in tumor tissue is limited, particularly concerning the presence and percentage of the new non-canonical isoforms, for which detection antibodies are scarce or inexistent. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about HLA-G neo-expression and implication in various tumor types, pointing out the need for the development of new tools to analyze in-depth the HLA-G neo-expression patterns, opening the way for the generation of new monoclonal antibodies and cell-based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - François Anna
- Invectys, Paris, France
- Molecular Virology and Vaccinology Unit, Virology Department, Institut Pasteur & CNRS URA 3015, Paris, France
| | - Raphaelle Dréan
- Invectys, Paris, France
- Molecular Retrovirology Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS, UMR 3569, Paris, France
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27
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Bahrami-Asl Z, Farzadi L, Fattahi A, Yousefi M, Quinonero A, Hakimi P, Latifi Z, Nejabati HR, Ghasemnejad T, Sadigh AR, Heidari MH, Nouri M, Novin MG, Dominguez F. Tacrolimus Improves the Implantation Rate in Patients with Elevated Th1/2 Helper Cell Ratio and Repeated Implantation Failure (RIF). Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020; 80:851-862. [PMID: 32817992 PMCID: PMC7428373 DOI: 10.1055/a-1056-3148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
An abnormal endometrial immune response is involved in the pathogenesis of repeated implantation failure (RIF), so we investigated the effectiveness of tacrolimus treatment on the endometrium of RIF patients.
Materials and Methods
Ten RIF patients with elevated T-helper 1/T-helper 2 (Th1/Th2) cell ratios were recruited into a clinical study. The expression of p53, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-17, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in the endometrium of patients with and without tacrolimus treatment and the association of these factors with assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes were investigated.
Results
Tacrolimus significantly increased the expression of LIF, IL-10, and IL-17 and decreased the expression of IL-4, IFN-γ, and the IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio in RIF patients. Tacrolimus treatment resulted in an implantation rate of 40%, a clinical pregnancy rate of 50%, and a live birth rate of 35% in RIF patients with elevated Th1/Th2 ratios who had previously failed to become pregnant despite at least three transfers of embryos. We also found a significant positive correlation between IL-10 levels and the implantation rate.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that RIF patients with a higher Th1/Th2 ratio could be candidates for tacrolimus therapy and that this immunosuppressive drug could be acting through upregulation of LIF, IL-10, and IL-17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahrami-Asl
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Fundacion Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (FIVI), Instituto Universitario IVI (IUIVI), ISS LaFe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laya Farzadi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alicia Quinonero
- Fundacion Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (FIVI), Instituto Universitario IVI (IUIVI), ISS LaFe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Parvin Hakimi
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Latifi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Ghasemnejad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aydin Raei Sadigh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Heidari
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marefat Ghaffari Novin
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Francisco Dominguez
- Fundacion Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (FIVI), Instituto Universitario IVI (IUIVI), ISS LaFe, Valencia, Spain
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Ito T, Suzuki T, Funakoshi A, Fujiyama T, Tokura Y. CCR5 is a novel target for the treatment of experimental alopecia areata. JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS IMMUNOLOGY AND ALLERGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cia2.12092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Ito
- Department of Dermatology Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Japan
| | - Takahiro Suzuki
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA
| | - Atsuko Funakoshi
- Department of Dermatology Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Japan
| | - Toshiharu Fujiyama
- Department of Dermatology Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tokura
- Department of Dermatology Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Japan
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29
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Levkova M, Chervenkov T, Hachmeriyan M, Angelova L. Association between polymorphic markers human leucocyte antigen-G and tumour necrosis factor alpha and susceptibility to recurrent miscarriages among Bulgarian women. Turk J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 17:34-39. [PMID: 32341828 PMCID: PMC7171540 DOI: 10.4274/tjod.galenos.2020.48107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the role of 14 base pair (bp) insertion (ins)/deletion (del) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) G/A polymorphisms as risk factors for spontaneous miscarriage in patients with two or more unsuccessful pregnancies and a group of control women with at least two normal live births. MATERIALS AND METHODS To investigate the role of these mutations, 50 patients with two or more idiopathic recurrent miscarriages and 50 normal fertile women were tested for the presence of human leucocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) 14 bp ins/del and TNF-α -308 G/A variants. The frequencies of the studied polymorphisms were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Individuals with a history of miscarriages had a significantly higher prevalence of 14 bp insertion alleles compared with control patients (p=0.04). There was also a two times higher relative risk for miscarriage among carriers of this variant. No statistical difference in allele frequencies of the TNF-α -308 G/A polymorphism was established between controls and study patients (p=0.78). CONCLUSION The 14 bp ins HLA-G variant could be associated with a higher risk for unsuccessful pregnancy according to the results from the study. There is no association between the studied TNF-α -308 GA polymorphism and rate of spontaneous abortions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Levkova
- Medical University Varna, Department of Medical Genetics, Varna, Bulgaria.,St. Marina Hospital, Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Trifon Chervenkov
- Medical University Varna, Department of Medical Genetics, Varna, Bulgaria.,St. Marina Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Mari Hachmeriyan
- Medical University Varna, Department of Medical Genetics, Varna, Bulgaria.,St. Marina Hospital, Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Lyudmila Angelova
- Medical University Varna, Department of Medical Genetics, Varna, Bulgaria
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30
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He YD, Xu BN, Song D, Wang YQ, Yu F, Chen Q, Zhao MH. Normal range of complement components during pregnancy: A prospective study. Am J Reprod Immunol 2019; 83:e13202. [PMID: 31646704 PMCID: PMC7027513 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Problem The complement system plays a key role in normal placentation, and delicate regulation of complement system activation is critical for successful pregnancy. Therefore, establishing a normal range of complement components during pregnancy is important for clinical evaluation and research. Methods We performed a prospective study to investigate the normal range of complement components in circulation during different stages of pregnancy. Plasma concentrations of complement factor B (CFB), C1q, complement factor H (CFH), C3, C3c, and C4 were measured using an immunoturbidimetric assay; mannan‐binding lectin (MBL), C3a, C5a, and soluble C5b‐9 (sC5b‐9) levels at different time points of pregnancy were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results A total of 733 plasma samples were collected from 362 women with a normal pregnancy and 65 samples from non‐pregnant women. In the first trimester of pregnancy, the levels of CFB, CFH, MBL, C3c, C4, and C3a were 414.5 ± 85.9 mg/L (95% CI for mean: 402.4‐426.6 mg/L), 381.0 ± 89.0 mg/L (95% CI for mean: 368.5‐393.6 mg/L), 4274.5 ± 2752 ng/mL (95% CI for mean: 3881.1‐4656.4 ng/mL), 1346.9 ± 419.8 mg/L (95% CI for mean: 1287.7‐1406.0 mg/L), 357.4 ± 101.8 mg/L (95% CI for mean: 343.0‐371.7 mg/L), and 182.5 ± 150.0 ng/mL (95% CI for mean: 186.9‐229.1 ng/mL), respectively. The levels of C3 and C4 increased gradually throughout pregnancy. The levels of C1q, C5a, and sC5b‐9 in the first and second trimesters were nearly the same as those in non‐pregnant women. Conclusion The results of this study show that pregnancy itself may influence the plasma levels of complement system components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Dong He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bing-Ning Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Di Song
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
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31
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A role for both HLA-F and HLA-G in reproduction and during pregnancy? Hum Immunol 2019; 81:127-133. [PMID: 31558330 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The human major histocompatibility complex includes a group of non-classical HLA class I genes, HLA-E, -F and -G. While nearly all focus since the discovery of these class Ib molecules have been on basic biochemistry and molecular biology of HLA-G and HLA-E, as well as their expression patterns, functions in immune modulation and during pregnancy, and also possible implications in a range of diseases, in infertility and pregnancy complications, HLA-F has nearly been ignored. However, recent discoveries show that HLA-F can be expressed as both open conformers binding to a number of KIRs on primarily NK cells, as well as peptide-bound HLA-F binding to ILT2 and ILT4. Furthermore, a number of reports indicate a possible involvement of HLA-F in viral infections, in cancer immunology, and in fertility and reproduction, which may initiate more interest in this rather unknown HLA class I molecule. In this short review, we focus on recent discoveries that indicate a functional role for HLA-F in reproduction and during pregnancy, and the role of HLA-F in relation to HLA-G.
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Kalotra V, Lall M, Verma IC, Kaur A, Kaur A. The HLA-G 14 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism and its association with soluble HLA-G levels in women with recurrent miscarriages. HLA 2019; 91:167-174. [PMID: 29280596 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
HLA-G, a nonclassical class-Ib gene is mainly expressed on extravillous trophoblasts at the fetal-maternal interface. HLA-G molecule is considered to play an important role in maternal immune suppression during pregnancy. The 14 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs66554220) in exon eight of the HLA-G gene influences HLA-G mRNA stability and isoform splicing patterns. In this study, 202 recurrent miscarriage (RM) women with two or more than two consecutive miscarriages, their 202 partners and 204 fertile control women with at least one live birth and no miscarriages were analyzed for 14 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism. Soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) levels were also determined and compared between randomly selected 111 RM women and 111 control women using QAYEE-Bio ELISA kits. Student's t test and χ2 test were used to depict the statistical differences. The results showed no significant differences for 14 bp allele and genotype frequencies between the study groups. However, our study showed a significant difference (P = .0107) for sHLA-G levels in RM women and control women. Furthermore, a significant difference (P = .0135) for sHLA-G levels in relation to +/-14 bp heterozygous genotype was seen between the two groups. The 14 bp allele sharing between the partners did not show any significant association with the number of miscarriages in RM couples. The association of 14 bp polymorphism and recurrent miscarriages was not significant in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kalotra
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.,Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - M Lall
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - I C Verma
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - A Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - A Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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Würfel FM, Winterhalter C, Trenkwalder P, Wirtz RM, Würfel W. European Patent in Immunoncology: From Immunological Principles of Implantation to Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081830. [PMID: 31013867 PMCID: PMC6514949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The granted European patent EP 2 561 890 describes a procedure for an immunological treatment of cancer. It is based on the principles of the HLA-supported communication of implantation and pregnancy. These principles ensure that the embryo is not rejected by the mother. In pregnancy, the placenta, more specifically the trophoblast, creates an “interface” between the embryo/fetus and the maternal immune system. Trophoblasts do not express the “original” HLA identification of the embryo/fetus (HLA-A to -DQ), but instead show the non-classical HLA groups E, F, and G. During interaction with specific receptors of NK cells (e.g., killer-immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR)) and lymphocytes (lymphocyte-immunoglobulin-like receptors (LIL-R)), the non-classical HLA groups inhibit these immunocompetent cells outside pregnancy. However, tumors are known to be able to express these non-classical HLA groups and thus make use of an immuno-communication as in pregnancies. If this occurs, the prognosis usually worsens. This patent describes, in a first step, the profiling of the non-classical HLA groups in primary tumor tissue as well as metastases and recurrent tumors. The second step comprises tailored antibody therapies, which is the subject of this patent. In this review, we analyze the underlying mechanisms and describe the currently known differences between HLA-supported communication of implantation and that of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska M Würfel
- STRATIFYER Molecular Pathology GmbH, D-50935 Cologne, Werthmannstrasse 1c, 50935 Cologne, Germany.
| | | | | | - Ralph M Wirtz
- STRATIFYER Molecular Pathology GmbH, D-50935 Cologne, Werthmannstrasse 1c, 50935 Cologne, Germany.
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Manzo G. Similarities Between Embryo Development and Cancer Process Suggest New Strategies for Research and Therapy of Tumors: A New Point of View. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:20. [PMID: 30899759 PMCID: PMC6416183 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, I propose that cancer stem cells (CSCs) would be equivalent to para-embryonic stem cells (p-ESCs), derived from adult cells de-re-programmed to a ground state. p-ESCs would differ from ESCs by the absence of genomic homeostasis. A p-ESC would constitute the cancer cell of origin (i-CSC or CSC0), capable of generating an initial tumor, corresponding to a pre-implantation blastocyst. In a niche with proper signals, it would engraft as a primary tumor, corresponding to a post-implantation blastocyst. i-CSC progeny would form primary pluripotent and slow self-renewing CSCs (CSC1s), blocked in an undifferentiated state, corresponding to epiblast cells; CSC1s would be tumor-initiating cells (TICs). CSC1s would generate secondary CSCs (CSC2s), corresponding to hypoblast cells; CSC2s would be tumor growth cells (TGCs). CSC1s/CSC2s would generate tertiary CSCs (CSC3s), with a mesenchymal phenotype; CSC3s would be tumor migrating cells (TMCs), corresponding to mesodermal precursors at primitive streak. CSC3s with more favorable conditions (normoxia), by asymmetrical division, would differentiate into cancer progenitor cells (CPCs), and these into cancer differentiated cells (CDCs), thus generating a defined cell hierarchy and tumor progression, mimicking somito-histo-organogenesis. CSC3s with less favorable conditions (hypoxia) would delaminate and migrate as quiescent circulating micro-metastases, mimicking mesenchymal cells in gastrula morphogenetic movements. In metastatic niches, these CSC3s would install and remain dormant in the presence of epithelial/mesenchymal transition (EMT) signals and hypoxia. But, in the presence of mesenchymal/epithelial transition (MET) signals and normoxia, they would revert to self-renewing CSC1s, reproducing the same cell hierarchy of the primary tumor as macro-metastases. Further similarities between ontogenesis and oncogenesis involving crucial factors, such as ID, HSP70, HLA-G, CD44, LIF, and STAT3, are strongly evident at molecular, physiological and immunological levels. Much experimental data about these factors led to considering the cancer process as ectopic rudimentary ontogenesis, where CSCs have privileged immunological conditions. These would consent to CSC development in an adverse environment, just like an embryo, which is tolerated, accepted and favored by the maternal organism in spite of its paternal semi-allogeneicity. From all these considerations, novel research directions, potential innovative tumor therapy and prophylaxis strategies might, theoretically, result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Manzo
- General Pathology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome, Retired, Botrugno, Italy
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Yang M, Yang Y, She S, Li S. Proteomic investigation of the effects of preimplantation factor on human embryo implantation. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:3481-3488. [PMID: 29286136 PMCID: PMC5802159 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the use of adjuvant therapies, the cumulative proportion of live births remains at ~40%. Accumulating data show that low pregnancy rates, even in the presence of high fertility rates, are due to implantation failure. The present study aimed to identify and construct a profile of proteins that react with preimplantation factor (PIF) and to provide an understanding into the molecular mechanisms by which PIF promotes trophoblast invasion. Cytoplasmic proteins were immunoprecipitated with biotin-labeled synthetic PIF or intralipid and scrambled PIF (PIFscr). The protein profiles were analyzed using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification coupled with mass spectrometry. Immunoprecipitation and western blot analyses were used to assess the interactions between PIF and myosin heavy chain 10 (MYH10) and heat shock protein family D1. Small interfering RNA-based silencing was performed to examine the function of MYH10. In the results of the present study, 21 proteins were identified with interactions with PIF. The immunoprecipitation and western blot analyses revealed an interaction between PIF and MYH10. Silencing of the expression of MYH10 in HEC-1-B cells significantly attenuated cell migration and invasion capacities. These data support the conclusion that MYH10-mediated cell migration and invasion act in conjunction with PIF to promote the trophoblast invasion procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Yixuan Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Sha She
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Sanglin Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
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Girardi G. Complement activation, a threat to pregnancy. Semin Immunopathol 2017; 40:103-111. [PMID: 28900713 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-017-0645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy poses a challenge for the immune systems of placental mammals. As fetal tissues are semi-allogeneic and alloantibodies that commonly develop in the mother, the fetus and the placenta might be subject to complement-mediated immune attack with the potential risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Here, I describe how the use of animal models was pivotal in demonstrating that complement inhibition at the fetomaternal interface is essential for a successful pregnancy. Studies in animals also helped the identification of uncontrolled complement activation as a crucial effector in the pathogenesis of recurrent miscarriages, intrauterine growth restriction, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. Clinical studies employing complement biomarkers in plasma and urine showed an association between dysregulation of the complement system and adverse pregnancy outcomes. A better understanding of the role of the complement system in pregnancy complications will allow a rational approach to manipulate its activation as a potential therapeutic strategy with the goal of protecting pregnancies and improving long-term outcomes for mother and child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermina Girardi
- Pregnancy Laboratory, Department of Women and Children's Health, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
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Persson G, Melsted WN, Nilsson LL, Hviid TVF. HLA class Ib in pregnancy and pregnancy-related disorders. Immunogenetics 2017; 69:581-595. [PMID: 28699111 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-017-0988-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The HLA class Ib genes, HLA-E, HLA-F, and HLA-G, were discovered long after the classical HLA class Ia genes. The elucidation of their functions had a modest beginning. However, their basic functions and involvement in pathophysiology and a range of diseases are now emerging. Although results from a range of studies support the functional roles for the HLA class Ib molecules in adult life, especially HLA-G and HLA-F have most intensively been, and were also primarily, studied in relation to reproduction and pregnancy. The expression of HLA class Ib proteins at the feto-maternal interface in the placenta seems to be important for the maternal acceptance of the semi-allogenic fetus. In contrast to the functions of HLA class Ia, HLA-G possesses immune-modulatory and tolerogenic functions. Here, we review an accumulating amount of data describing the functions of HLA class Ib molecules in relation to fertility, reproduction, and pregnancy, and a possible role for these molecules in certain pregnancy complications, such as implantation failure, recurrent spontaneous abortions, and pre-eclampsia. The results from different kinds of studies point toward a role for HLA class Ib, especially HLA-G, throughout the reproductive cycle from conception to the birth weight of the child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gry Persson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology (CIRRI), Zealand University Hospital, 10 Sygehusvej, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wenna Nascimento Melsted
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology (CIRRI), Zealand University Hospital, 10 Sygehusvej, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Lynge Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology (CIRRI), Zealand University Hospital, 10 Sygehusvej, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Vauvert F Hviid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology (CIRRI), Zealand University Hospital, 10 Sygehusvej, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Secretome of in vitro cultured human embryos contains extracellular vesicles that are uptaken by the maternal side. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5210. [PMID: 28701751 PMCID: PMC5507879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05549-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Communication between embryo and maternal endometrium occurs during a specific time frame in which implantation is possible. Here we demonstrate for the first time that conditioned media from non-manipulated human embryos cultured in vitro for 3 days or up to the blastocyst stage contain extracellular vesicles (EVs) with a diameter of 50 to 200 nm and bearing the traditional microvesicle and exosome marker proteins CD63, CD9 and ALIX. The embryonic origin of these EVs has been confirmed by the presence of stemness gene transcripts and their enrichment in the non-classical HLA-G protein. NANOG and POU5F1 transcripts were shown to be contained in vesicles deriving from embryos at different stages of development. In line with a higher detection rate of the HLA-G protein in blastocysts compared to cleavage stage embryos, a significantly higher amount of HLA-G was found in vesicles accumulated in spent media from day 3 to day 5 of development compared to those isolated from the earlier stage. Uptake of dye-labeled embryo-derived EVs by human primary endometrial epithelial and stromal cells was also demonstrated with a fluorescence intensity signal significantly higher for cells treated with vesicles derived from blastocysts. Based on these findings, EV exchange may be suggested as an emerging way of communication at the maternal-fetal interface.
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39
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Abstract
The phenotype of the human embryo conceived through in vitro fertilization (IVF), that is its morphology, developmental kinetics, physiology and metabolism, can be affected by numerous components of the laboratory and embryo culture system (which comprise the laboratory environment). The culture media formulation is important in determining embryo phenotype, but this exists within a culture system that includes oxygen, temperature, pH and whether an embryo is cultured individually or in a group, all of which can influence embryo development. Significantly, exposure of an embryo to one suboptimal component of the culture system of laboratory typically predisposes the embryo to become more vulnerable to a second stressor, as has been well documented for atmospheric oxygen and individual culture, as well as for oxygen and ammonium. Furthermore, the inherent viability of the human embryo is derived from the quality of the gametes from which it is created. Patient age, aetiology, genetics, lifestyle (as well as ovarian stimulation in women) are all known to affect the developmental potential of gametes and hence the embryo. Thus, as well as considering the impact of the IVF laboratory environment, one needs to be aware of the status of the infertile couple, as this impacts how their gametes and embryos will respond to an in vitro environment. Although far from straight forward, analysing the interactions that exist between the human embryo and its environment will facilitate the creation of more effective and safer treatments for the infertile couple.
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40
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Niu Z, Wang L, Pang RT, Guo Y, Yeung WS, Yao Y. A meta-analysis of the impact of human leukocyte antigen-G on the outcomes of IVF/ICSI. Reprod Biomed Online 2017; 34:611-618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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41
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Romero R, Chaemsaithong P, Chaiyasit N, Docheva N, Dong Z, Kim CJ, Kim YM, Kim JS, Qureshi F, Jacques SM, Yoon BH, Chaiworapongsa T, Yeo L, Hassan SS, Erez O, Korzeniewski SJ. CXCL10 and IL-6: Markers of two different forms of intra-amniotic inflammation in preterm labor. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 78. [PMID: 28544362 PMCID: PMC5488235 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Problem To determine whether amniotic fluid (AF) CXCL10 concentration is associated with histologic chronic chorioamnionitis in patients with preterm labor (PTL) and preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes (PROM). Method of Study This study included 168 women who had an episode of PTL or preterm PROM. AF interleukin (IL)‐6 and CXCL10 concentrations were determined by immunoassay. Results (i) Increased AF CXCL10 concentration was associated with chronic (OR: 4.8; 95% CI: 1.7‐14), but not acute chorioamnionitis; (ii) increased AF IL‐6 concentration was associated with acute (OR: 4.2; 95% CI: 1.3‐13.7) but not chronic chorioamnionitis; and (iii) an increase in AF CXCL10 concentration was associated with placental lesions consistent with maternal anti‐fetal rejection (OR: 3.7; 95% CI: 1.3‐10.4). (iv) All patients with elevated AF CXCL10 and IL‐6 delivered preterm. Conclusion Increased AF CXCL10 concentration is associated with chronic chorioamnionitis or maternal anti‐fetal rejection, whereas increased AF IL‐6 concentration is associated with acute histologic chorioamnionitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Piya Chaemsaithong
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Noppadol Chaiyasit
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Nikolina Docheva
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Zhong Dong
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Chong Jai Kim
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Mee Kim
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Jung-Sun Kim
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Faisal Qureshi
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, Hutzel Women's Hospital, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Suzanne M Jacques
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, Hutzel Women's Hospital, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Bo Hyun Yoon
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Lami Yeo
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sonia S Hassan
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Offer Erez
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Steven J Korzeniewski
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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42
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The role of methylation, DNA polymorphisms and microRNAs on HLA-G expression in human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2017; 19:118-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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43
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Ouji-Sageshima N, Geraghty DE, Ishitani A, Hatake K, Ito T. Establishment of optimized ELISA system specific for HLA-G in body fluids. HLA 2016; 88:293-299. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - D. E. Geraghty
- The Clinical Research Division; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Seattle WA USA
| | - A. Ishitani
- Department of Legal Medicine; Nara Medical University; Kashihara Japan
| | - K. Hatake
- Department of Legal Medicine; Nara Medical University; Kashihara Japan
| | - T. Ito
- Department of Immunology; Nara Medical University; Kashihara Japan
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44
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Le Gac S, Nordhoff V. Microfluidics for mammalian embryo culture and selection: where do we stand now? Mol Hum Reprod 2016; 23:213-226. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaw061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Vianna P, Mondadori AG, Bauer ME, Dornfeld D, Chies JAB. HLA-G and CD8+ regulatory T cells in the inflammatory environment of pre-eclampsia. Reproduction 2016; 152:741-751. [PMID: 27651521 DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
During pregnancy, the maternal immune system is tolerant to foetal antigens via the engagement of immune regulatory mechanisms. Failure in regulating the maternal immunity to foetal antigens may lead to pre-eclampsia (PE). We addressed the role of HLA-G gene polymorphisms and protein expression as well as regulatory T cells and Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines in healthy and pathological pregnancies. Blood samples from 26 pregnant women with PE, 25 non-PE and 7 strictly healthy pregnant women were assessed. PBMCs were phenotyped for early activation markers (CD25 and CD69), regulatory T-cell markers (CD8+CD28- and CD4+CD25highFoxp3+), ILT-2 (HLA-G receptor) and HLA-G. Lymphocyte proliferation was estimated and levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-17 were measured. HLA-G polymorphisms (rs66554220 and rs1063320) were genotyped by PCR. PE women exhibited low levels of HLA-G in PBMCs and low frequency of regulatory CD8+CD28- T cells. High amounts of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17, IL-2 and TNF-α as well as IL-4 and IL-10 and an increased proliferative cell activation profile were observed in PE. The allelic and genotypic frequencies of the HLA-G gene polymorphisms and the frequency of CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ T cells did not vary among the groups. Our data suggest that the cytokine imbalance presented in PE is associated with a deficient immune regulatory profile, contributing to an impaired immune tolerance between mother and foetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Vianna
- Laboratory of ImmunogeneticsDepartment of Genetics, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Andressa G Mondadori
- Laboratory of ImmunogeneticsDepartment of Genetics, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Moisés E Bauer
- Laboratory of ImmunosenescenceInstitute of Biomedical Research, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Dinara Dornfeld
- Neo-Natal UnitNossa Senhora Conceição Hospital, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - José A B Chies
- Laboratory of ImmunogeneticsDepartment of Genetics, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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von Websky MW, Kitamura K, Ludwig-Portugall I, Kurts C, von Laffert M, LeMaoult J, Carosella ED, Abu-Elmagd K, Kalff JC, Schäfer N. Recombinant HLA-G as Tolerogenic Immunomodulant in Experimental Small Bowel Transplantation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158907. [PMID: 27404095 PMCID: PMC4942037 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-classical MHC I paralogue HLA-G is expressed by cytotrophoblast cells and implicated with fetomaternal tolerance by downregulating the maternal adaptive and innate immune response against the fetus. HLA-G expression correlates with favorable graft outcome in humans and recently promising immunosuppressive effects of therapeutic HLA-G in experimental transplantation (skin allograft acceptance) were shown. Consequently, we examined this novel therapeutic approach in solid organ transplantation. In this study, therapeutic recombinant HLA-G5 was evaluated for the first time in a solid organ model of acute rejection (ACR) after orthotopic intestinal transplantation (ITX). Allogenic ITX was performed in rats (Brown Norway to Lewis) with and without HLA-G treatment. It was found that HLA-G treatment significantly reduced histologically proven ACR at both an early and late postoperative timepoint (POD 4/7), concomitant to a functionally preserved graft contractility at POD 7. Interestingly, graft infiltration by myeloperoxidase+ cells was significantly reduced at POD7 by HLA-G treatment. Moreover, HLA-G treatment showed an effect on the allogenic T-cell immune response as assessed by flow cytometry: The influx of recipient-derived CD8+ T-cells into the graft mesenteric lymphnodes at POD7 was significantly reduced while CD4+ populations were not affected. As a potential mechanism of action, an induction of T-reg populations in the mesenteric lymphnodes was postulated, but flow cytometric analysis of classical CD4+/CD25+/FoxP3+Treg-cells showed no significant alteration by HLA-G treatment. The novel therapeutic approach using recombinant HLA-G5 reported herein demonstrates a significant immunosuppressive effect in this model of allogenic experimental intestinal transplantation. This effect may be mediated via inhibition of recipient-derived CD8+ T-cell populations either directly or by induction of non-classical Treg populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koji Kitamura
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Christian Kurts
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Joel LeMaoult
- CEA, iMETI, Research Division in Hematology and Immunology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Edgardo D. Carosella
- CEA, iMETI, Research Division in Hematology and Immunology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Kareem Abu-Elmagd
- Transplant Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Joerg C. Kalff
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nico Schäfer
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Prominent HLA-G Expression in Liver Disease But Not After Liver Transplantation. Transplantation 2015; 99:2514-22. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000000761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rødgaard T, Heegaard PM, Callesen H. Non-invasive assessment of in-vitro embryo quality to improve transfer success. Reprod Biomed Online 2015; 31:585-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Beneventi F, Badulli C, Locatelli E, Caporali R, Ramoni V, Cavagnoli C, Simonetta M, Garbin G, Tinelli C, Alpini C, Montecucco C, Martinetti M, Spinillo A. Soluble HLA-G in pregnancies complicated by autoimmune rheumatic diseases. J Reprod Immunol 2015; 110:67-73. [PMID: 26042897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune rheumatic diseases in pregnancies are associated with increased adverse obstetric outcomes. We compared maternal soluble human leucocyte antigen-G (sHLA-G) blood levels in subjects with a rheumatic disease preexisting pregnancy and unaffected controls. Third-trimester blood maternal sHLA-G concentrations were significantly higher in subjects with rheumatic diseases than in controls (mean 93.1ng/ml [SD 42.1] vs 58.1ng/ml [SD 96.3], p=0.003). Cord blood sHLA-G concentrations were significantly higher in rheumatic disease than in those born to control mothers (median 41.2ng/ml [IQR: 3.3-44.0] vs 17.9ng/ml [IQR: 17.2-88.1], p=0.007). A strict positive correlation (r=0.88, p<0.001) was found between the maternal and fetal titers of ANA autoantibodies as well as between maternal and fetal sHLAG circulating levels (r=0.58 and r=0.67, respectively, for controls and cases, p<0.001). Maternal s-HLA-G blood concentrations were significantly higher in subjects with rheumatic disease DEL/DEL homozygous for a polymorphism of the 3' untranslated regulatory region of HLA-G (HLA-G 14bp) than in the corresponding healthy controls (mean values 141.5ng/ml [SD: 166] vs 54.2ng/ml [SD: 35], p=0.009). Increasing maternal and cord blood levels of s-HLA-G concentrations among pregnant subjects with rheumatic diseases compared with controls suggest that autoimmune diseases prompt a maternal and fetal immune response that favors pregnancy immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausta Beneventi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carla Badulli
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Locatelli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Roberto Caporali
- Division of Rheumatology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Véronique Ramoni
- Division of Rheumatology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavagnoli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Margherita Simonetta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Garbin
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carmine Tinelli
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biometric Unit, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Alpini
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - CarloMaurizio Montecucco
- Division of Rheumatology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Miryam Martinetti
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Arsenio Spinillo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Klitkou L, Dahl M, Hviid TVF, Djurisic S, Piosik ZM, Skovbo P, Møller AM, Steffensen R, Christiansen OB. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G during pregnancy part I: Correlations between maternal soluble HLA-G at midterm, at term, and umbilical cord blood soluble HLA-G at term. Hum Immunol 2015; 76:254-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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