1
|
Javan M, Seyfinejad B, Rahimpour E, Jouyban-Gharamaleki V, Kaviani R, Shayanfar A, Varshochi M, Khoubnasabjafari M, Jouyban A. Online preconcentration and chiral separation of ofloxacin in exhaled breath condensate by capillary electrophoresis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 235:115641. [PMID: 37647795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Breath analysis is an effective method of monitoring systemic or respiratory ailments. A simple chiral capillary electrophoresis method coupled with an online field-amplified sample injection stacking method is presented for ultratrace quantification of the enantiomers of ofloxacin in exhaled breath condensate (EBC). The study is focused on the use of EBC as an easily available biological sample to monitor ofloxacin's enantiomers levels with good patient compliance. The proposed method was validated in accordance with FDA guidelines over the concentration range of 0.004-1.0 µg mL-1 of racemic ofloxacin. Inter- and intra-day precision and accuracy were within the acceptable limit (below 8.50 %). The method was specific for routine analysis of ofloxacin's enantiomers. A small volume of EBC samples from seven patients under ofloxacin therapy was analyzed using the proposed method in which the concentrations of "R" and "S" enantiomers were between 0.0026 and 0.056 µg mL-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Javan
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behrouz Seyfinejad
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Rahimpour
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Jouyban-Gharamaleki
- Kimia Idea Pardaz Azarbayjan (KIPA) Science Based Company, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raha Kaviani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Shayanfar
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Varshochi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Khoubnasabjafari
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Jouyban
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Mersin 10, PO BOX: 99138, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu RB, Quirino JP. Bile Salts in Chiral Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography: 2000-2020. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185531. [PMID: 34577002 PMCID: PMC8468585 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile salts are naturally occurring chiral surfactants that are able to solubilize hydrophobic compounds. Because of this ability, bile salts were exploited as chiral selectors added to the background solution (BGS) in the chiral micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) of various small molecules. In this review, we aimed to examine the developments in research on chiral MEKC using bile salts as chiral selectors over the past 20 years. The review begins with a discussion of the aggregation of bile salts in chiral recognition and separation, followed by the use of single bile salts and bile salts with other chiral selectors (i.e., cyclodextrins, proteins and single-stranded DNA aptamers). Advanced techniques such as partial-filling MEKC, stacking and single-drop microextraction were considered. Potential applications to real samples, including enantiomeric impurity analysis, were also discussed.
Collapse
|
3
|
Chiral Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1626:461383. [PMID: 32797856 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The potential of Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography to achieve enantiomeric separations is reviewed in this article. The separation principles and the most frequently employed separation strategies to achieve chiral separations by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography are described. The use of chiral micellar systems alone or combined with other micellar systems or chiral selectors, as well as of mixtures of achiral micellar systems with chiral selectors is discussed together with the effect of different additives present in the separation medium. Indirect methods based on the derivatization of analytes with chiral derivatizing reagents and the use of achiral micelles are also considered. Preconcentration techniques employed to improve sensitivity and the main approaches developed to facilitate the coupling with Mass Spectrometry are included. The most recent and relevant methodologies developed by chiral Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography and their applications in different fields are presented.
Collapse
|
4
|
Fanali S, Chankvetadze B. Some thoughts about enantioseparations in capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:2420-2437. [PMID: 31081552 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this overview the goal of the authors was to analyze from the historical perspective the reasons of success and failure of chiral capillary electrophoresis. In addition, the current trends are analyzed, unique advantages of capillary electrophoresis are highlighted and some future directions are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Fanali
- School in Natural Science and Engineering, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, He L, Li X, Wang Y, Xie J, Lee JT, Armstrong DW. Selective Depletion of Chiral 4-Hydroxypraziquantel Metabolites in Three Types of Aquaculture Fish by LC-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:4098-4104. [PMID: 30924675 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The rise of aquaculture has necessitated the use of antibiotics and other agents in these densely populated and often closed environments. An enantioselective depletion study of four chiral 4-hydroxypraziquantel metabolites (4-OH-PZQ) in perch, tilapia, and ricefield-eel muscles was done using a simple, sensitive, and reliable liquid-chromatography-tandem-mass-spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. These metabolites result from the uptake of the drug praziquantel (PZQ), which is used in aquaculture. A novel strategy of using a C18 short column in tandem with a chiral hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin superficially porous particle (CDShell-RSP) column produced the optimal separation for both the enantiomers and diastereoisomers of 4-OH-PZQ. The method was linear over the concentration range of 1-250 μg L-1 ( r2 ≥ 0.99) for R- trans-4-OH-PZQ, S- trans-4-OH-PZQ, R- cis-4-OH-PZQ, and S- cis-4-OH-PZQ. The average recoveries of four analytes at three spiked levels of 1, 10, and 100 μg kg-1 ranged from 84.2 to 93.1%, and the intraday and interday relative standard deviations were less than 7.9%. The limits of quantification of the four 4-OH-PZQ metabolites in perch-, tilapia-, and ricefield-eel-muscle matrices were 1.0 μg kg-1. The method was utilized to monitor the depletion of trans- and cis-4-OH-PZQ enantiomers in perch, tilapia, and ricefield-eel muscle following oral administration (medicine bath for ricefield eel). Species-specific differences in the PZQ metabolism of isomers were observed. In addition, new metabolites of PZQ were observed: 3-hydroxypraziquantel diastereomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxia Zhang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , China
| | - Limin He
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington , Texas 76019 , United States
| | - Xuezhi Li
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , China
| | - Yadi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington , Texas 76019 , United States
| | - Jingmeng Xie
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , China
| | | | - Daniel W Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington , Texas 76019 , United States
- AZYP LLC , Arlington , Texas 76019 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Szabó ZI, Gál R, Szőcs L, Ludmerczki R, Muntean DL, Noszál B, Tóth G. Validated capillary electrophoretic method for the enantiomeric quality control of R-praziquantel. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1886-1894. [PMID: 28221678 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The enantiomers of praziquantel, the drug of choice in schistosomiasis, were separated by electrokinetic chromatography with cyclodextrins. Nine anionic cyclodextrins were screened for their ability to discriminate between the uncharged enantiomers. Seven investigated selectors presented chiral interactions with the enantiomers, these cases being interpreted in terms of stability constants and complex mobilities. The best results were delivered by sulfated-β-cyclodextrin, where quasi-equal stability constants were accompanied by extreme selectivity values and was explained on the basis of highly different mobilities of the transient diastereomeric complexes. Since the enantiomer migration order was unfavorable, a simple polarity switch was employed (detection end at anode), which apart from migration order reversal, also resulted in extreme resolution values (Rs > 35) and increased migration times. After optimization (50 mM phosphate buffer pH 2.0, supplied with 15 mM sulfated-β-cyclodextrin, 15 kV, capillary temperature 25°C, short-end injection with 50 mbar × 2 s), analysis time under 10 min were obtained, while still maintaining high resolution (Rs > 10). The method was validated according to the ICH guidelines and application of the method was tested on in-house synthetized R-praziquantel batches and on commercial, combination tablets containing racemic mixture of the drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán-István Szabó
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Réka Gál
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Levente Szőcs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Ludmerczki
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Daniela-Lucia Muntean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Béla Noszál
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergő Tóth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Molecular modeling and infrared and Raman spectroscopy of the crystal structure of the chiral antiparasitic drug Praziquantel. J Mol Model 2017; 23:106. [PMID: 28275906 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3266-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Anthelmintic praziquantel (PZQ) and its molecular and crystal lattice structures were studied by means of atomistic calculations based on empirical interatomic potentials and quantum mechanical methods (DFT). This chiral drug presents several crystal polymorphs due to the enantiomers (either R or S) or the racemic crystal, and different molecular conformations. The relative configurations of the carbonyl groups in PZQ define these conformations that produce different polymorphs. The polarity of these conformers is quite different and their relative population can vary in media with different polarity. Crystal structures of PZQ were studied by infrared and Raman spectroscopy and their spectroscopical properties were calculated by quantum mechanical methods, assigning many of their bands, and finding a good agreement with experimental data.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ibrahim WAW, Hermawan D, Sanagi MM. Cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography for enantioseparations. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 970:349-361. [PMID: 23283789 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-263-6_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The separation of enantiomers is one of the important fields of modern analytical chemistry, especially for agrochemical and pharmaceutical products because the stereochemistry has a significant influence on the biological activities of compounds. Cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography (CD-MEKC) has become an important capillary electrophoresis mode for enantioseparations. Here, we describe an example of a CD-MEKC method using hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin as chiral selector and sodium dodecyl sulfate as micellar solution for enantioseparation of triazole fungicides and the drug econazole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Aini Wan Ibrahim
- Separation Science and Technology Group (SepSTec), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Caslavska J, Thormann W. Stereoselective determination of drugs and metabolites in body fluids, tissues and microsomal preparations by capillary electrophoresis (2000–2010). J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:588-601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
10
|
Enantioselective analysis of praziquantel and trans-4-hydroxypraziquantel in human plasma by chiral LC–MS/MS: Application to pharmacokinetics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:3083-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Revised: 07/16/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
11
|
Ghosh A, Dey J. Enantiomeric separations of binaphthyl derivatives by capillary electrophoresis usingN-(2-hydroxydodecyl)-L-threonine as chiral selector: Effect of organic additives. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:1540-7. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
12
|
Shpigun OA, Ananieva IA, Budanova NY, Shapovalova EN. Use of cyclodextrins for separation of enantiomers. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2007. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2003v072n12abeh000817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
13
|
Chankvetadze B. Enantioseparations by using capillary electrophoretic techniques. The story of 20 and a few more years. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1168:45-70; discussion 44. [PMID: 17765908 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2007] [Revised: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 08/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides the author's insight on the past, present and future of performing enantioseparations using capillary electrophoretic (CE) techniques. These techniques are discussed from the historical point of view, as well as based on their potential as the separation techniques of today and the future. The overview covers mechanistic as well as practical aspects of CE techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences and Molecular Recognition and Separation Science Laboratory, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Ave. 1, 0128 Tbilisi, Georgia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Antczak A, Ramstad T, Johnson R. A CD-MEKC Method Utilizing a Neutral Surfactant for Enantiomeric Purity Determination of an Oxazolidinone Drug Candidate. Chromatographia 2006. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-006-0828-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
15
|
Abstract
In this review, an updated view of the different strategies used up to now to enhance the sensitivity of detection in chiral analysis by CE will be provided to the readers. With this aim, it will include a brief description of the fundamentals and most of the recent applications performed in sensitive chiral analysis by CE using offline and online sample treatment techniques (SPE, liquid-liquid extraction, microdialysis, etc.), on-column preconcentration techniques based on electrophoretic principles (ITP, stacking, and sweeping), and alternative detection systems (spectroscopic, spectrometric, and electrochemical) to the widely used UV-Vis absorption detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen García-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Evans CE, Stalcup AM. Comprehensive strategy for chiral separations using sulfated cyclodextrins in capillary electrophoresis. Chirality 2003; 15:709-23. [PMID: 12923809 DOI: 10.1002/chir.10285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the emerging role of sulfated cyclodextrins in the capillary electrophoretic (CE) separation of chiral analytes. Since being introduced as enantioselective agents for CE in 1995, these anionic additives have continued to demonstrate remarkable application universality. The broad spectrum of chiral compounds successfully separated using this approach includes acidic, basic, neutral, and zwitterionic species. This impressive array of analyte structures is derived from a growing diversity of compound classes including pharmaceuticals, plant extracts, biomarkers, herbicides, alkaloids, fungicides, and metal ions. Moreover, literature reports highlight the minimal optimization required to achieve a successful separation. Based on these findings, sulfated cyclodextrins appear to be well suited for the development of a more universal, comprehensive separation strategy for chiral compounds. This review explores this proposition by beginning with the structure and migration properties of sulfated cyclodextrins, using applications to highlight the separating power of this technique and ending with a pragmatic, comprehensive separation strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine E Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ghoneim MM, Mabrouk MM, Tawfik A. Direct determination of praziquantel in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma by cathodic adsorptive stripping differential-pulse voltammetry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2002; 30:1311-8. [PMID: 12408921 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(02)00457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The polarographic and cyclic voltammetric behaviour of praziquantel was studied in B.R. buffers of different pH values. Contradictory to that mentioned in a previously published work, praziquantel is an electro-active compound. Its polarogram exhibited a single 2-electron irreversible reduction wave in B.R. buffer of pH 5, the wave height decreased on the increase of pH till it disappeared in solution of pH >7. This wave was attributed to the reduction of the Cz.dbnd6;O double bond. The quantitative trace determination of bulk praziquantel was studied at a hanging mercury drop electrode by cathodic adsorptive stripping differential-pulse voltammetry. A fully validated sensitive procedure based on controlled adsorptive accumulation of the drug onto a HMDE was developed for its direct determination without derivatization. Accumulation of praziquantel was found to be optimized in 0.1 M Na(2)SO(4) solution as supporting electrolyte under the following conditions: accumulation potential, -1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl/KCl(s)); accumulation time, 30 s; scan rate, 10 mV/s and pulse height 100 mV. The proposed procedure was applied successfully for determination of praziquantel in its pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma. The mean recoveries of the drug were 98.85-99.42% and 99.12-100.47% with RSD of 0.49-0.95% and 0.45-0.52% in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma, respectively. Limits of detection and quantitation of 1.14x10(-9) and 3.80x10(-9) M praziquantel, respectively, were achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M Ghoneim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Paias FO, Bonato PS. Enantioselective analysis of hydroxymebendazole in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1615-9314(20021101)25:15/17<1063::aid-jssc1063>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
19
|
Jabor VAP, Lanchote VL, Bonato PS. Enantioselective analysis of ibuprofen in human plasma by anionic cyclodextrin-modified electrokinetic chromatography. Electrophoresis 2002; 23:3041-7. [PMID: 12207314 DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200209)23:17<3041::aid-elps3041>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the development of a rapid method for the enantioselective analysis of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen in human plasma by capillary electrophoresis employing the anionic cyclodextrin-modified electrokinetic chromatography mode. Sample cleanup was carried out by acidification with HCl followed by liquid-liquid extraction with hexane:isopropanol (99:1 v/v). The complete enantioselective analysis was performed within 10 min, using 100 mmol L(-1) phosphoric acid/triethanolamine buffer, pH 2.6, containing 2.0% w/v sulfated beta-cyclodextrin as chiral selector; fenoprofen, another nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was used as internal standard. The calibration curves were linear over the concentration range of 0.25-125.0 microg mL(-1) for each enantiomer of ibuprofen. The mean recoveries for ibuprofen enantiomers were up to 85%. The enantiomers studied could be quantified at three different concentrations (0.5, 5.0 and 50.0 microg mL(-1)) with a coefficient of variation and relative error not higher than 15%. The quantitation limit was 0.2 microg mL(-1) for (+)-(S)- and (-)-(R)-ibuprofen using 1 mL of human plasma. The plasma endogenous compounds and other drugs did not interfere with the present assay. The analysis of real plasma samples obtained from a healthy volunteer after administration of 600 mg of racemic ibuprofen showed a maximum plasma level of 29.6 and 39.9 microg mL(-1) of (-)-(R)- and (+)-(S)-ibuprofen, respectively, and the area under plasma concentration-time curve AUC(0-infinity) (+)-(S)/AUC(0-infinity) (-)-(R) ratio was 1.87.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valquíria A P Jabor
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Scriba GKE. Selected fundamental aspects of chiral electromigration techniques and their application to pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2002; 27:373-99. [PMID: 11755740 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(01)00653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
While capillary electrophoresis has been established as a major enantioseparation technique within the last decade, the potential of capillary electrochromatography is still studied extensively. This review summarizes recent applications of electromigration techniques with regard to the enantioseparation of chiral drugs. The first part discusses the general aspects of migration models and the enantiomer migration order. The application of capillary electrophoresis to chiral pharmaceutical analysis considers recent literature on: (1) chiral resolutions of non-racemic mixtures of enantiomers for the development of assays and the determination of the stereochemical purity of the drugs, (2) chiral separations of compounds in pharmaceutical formulations and products, and (3) enantioseparations of drugs in biological samples. A shorter section devoted to chiral electrochromatography discusses some fundamental aspects as well as the application to the chiral analysis of drugs including bioanalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard K E Scriba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|